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Bhat MA, Fan D, Nisa FU, Dar T, Kumar A, Sun Q, Li SL, Mir RR. Trace elements in the Upper Indus River Basin (UIRB) of Western Himalayas: Quantification, sources modeling, and impacts. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135073. [PMID: 38968826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of trace element concentrations in the Upper Indus River Basin (UIRB), a glacier-fed region in the Western Himalayas (WH), aiming to discern their environmental and anthropogenic sources and implications. Despite limited prior data, 69 samples were collected in 2019 from diverse sources within the UIRB, including mainstream, tributaries, and groundwater, to assess trace element concentrations. Enrichment factor (EF) results and comparisons with regional and global averages suggest that rising levels of Zn, Cd, and As may pose safety concerns for drinking water quality. Advanced multivariate statistical techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA), absolute principal component scores (APCS-MLR), Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), etc were applied to estimate the associated human health hazards and also identified key sources of trace elements. The 95th percentile of the MCS results indicates that the estimated total cancer risk for children is significantly greater than (>1000 times) the USEPA's acceptable risk threshold of 1.0 × 10-6. The results classified most of the trace elements into two distinct groups: Group A (Li, Rb, Sr, U, Cs, V, Ni, TI, Sb, Mo, Ge), linked to geogenic sources, showed lower concentrations in the lower-middle river reaches, including tributaries and downstream regions. Group B (Pb, Nb, Cr, Zn, Be, Al, Th, Ga, Cu, Co), influenced by both geogenic and anthropogenic activities, exhibited higher concentrations near urban centers and midstream areas, aligning with increased municipal waste and agricultural activities. Furthermore, APCS-MLR source apportionment indicated that trace elements originated from natural geogenic processes, including rock-water interactions and mineral dissolution, as well as anthropogenic activities. These findings underscore the need for targeted measures to mitigate anthropogenic impacts and safeguard water resources for communities along the IRB and WH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aadil Bhat
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Daidu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Fahim Un Nisa
- Department of Geology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Tanveer Dar
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
| | - Si-Liang Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ramees R Mir
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
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2
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Esmaeilzadeh M, Mehdinia A. Origin and comprehensive risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments along the Caspian Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116587. [PMID: 38880036 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Metal concentrations (Cu, Zn, Cr, Fe, As, Pb, Ni, V, and Co) in surface sediments were determined in the southern Caspian Sea. Sediment pollution was investigated using geochemical index such as Enrichment Factor (EF) and ecological risk indices like modified Hazard Quotient (mHQ) and Toxic Risk Index (TRI). The highest calculated geochemical index was observed in sediments near the cities of Chalus and Ramsar, which are highly polluted due to human activities. The ecological potential indices indicated that Ni contents in all the studied stations would impose harmful effects on aquatic organisms, while other metals had a low risk. Principal component and cluster analyses suggested that As and Pb emanated from anthropogenic sources, and other metals probably originated from lithogenic sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran; Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), Iran.
| | - Ali Mehdinia
- Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), Iran.
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Elgendy AR, El Daba AEMS, El-Sawy MA, Alprol AE, Zaghloul GY. A comparative study of the risk assessment and heavy metal contamination of coastal sediments in the Red sea, Egypt, between the cities of El-Quseir and Safaga. GEOCHEMICAL TRANSACTIONS 2024; 25:3. [PMID: 38700580 PMCID: PMC11069267 DOI: 10.1186/s12932-024-00086-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the influence of pollution on the quality of sediments and the risks associated with El-Qusier and Safaga Cities, Red Sea, Egypt, during 2021, divided into four sectors, using multiple pollution indices. To achieve that, we evaluated the metal pollution index (MPI), contamination factor (Cf), pollution load index (PLI), contamination security index (CSI), and anthropogenicity (Anp%). Moreover, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks are used for human health hazards. Results indicated that Mn and Fe recorded the highest concentrations, whereas Cd had the lowest. El-Quseir City sediments were found the following metal ions: Fe > Mn > Ni > Zn > Cu > Co > Pb > Cd, where the order in the Safaga City was: Fe > Mn > Zn > Ni > Cu > Pb > Co > Cd. MPI > 1, this is alarming in the study area due to heavy metal pollution. In addition, Cf < 1 in all metals except Cd with contamination degree CD ranged from low to considerable contamination in El-Qusier city. In contrast, contamination ranged from significant to very high in Safaga city. PLI < 1 is lower than the reference at all monitored stations. CSI values ranged from relatively low to moderate. Besides Cd, data reflect each element's low environmental danger (EriMe40). This study's risk index (RI) is low to moderate in Sector 1 and high to extremely high in Sector 2. HQ and HI index < 1 means it is safe for human health in order: HI ingestion > HI dermal. CSR for different pathways was recorded as dermal > ingestion, in which total CSR for all paths is considered harmful, and the cancer risk is troublesome and higher than the reference ranges of 1 × 10-6-1 × 10-4. In conclusion, the examined heavy metals provide environmental hazards across the assessed locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed R Elgendy
- Geology Lab National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Ashmoun, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A El-Sawy
- Marine Chemistry Lab National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Hurghada, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Alprol
- Marine Pollution Lab National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ghada Y Zaghloul
- Marine Chemistry Lab National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Hurghada, Egypt.
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Aura CM, Humphrey OS, Marriott AL, Watts MJ, Ongore CO, Mwamburi JM, Osano O, Coffey TJ. Assessing the spatial distribution of elemental concentrations in surface sediments of Lake Victoria, Kenya: implications for ecological health and management. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:137. [PMID: 38483759 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Lacustrine sediment quality indicates the effects of both natural and anthropogenic activities on the ecosystem and communities. Despite its ecological importance, myriad complexities, and potential contaminant sources, the spatial distribution of surficial sediments in Lake Victoria's Winam Gulf has never been comprehensively documented. The purpose of this study was to assess the spatial distribution, pathways, and ecological risk of metal elements in the lake using a sediment matrix. Sediment samples were collected throughout the gulf in November 2022. The concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Sn, Ti, Tl, U, and Zn were compared to different contamination metrics and ecological risk assessment indices. The average concentrations were in the following decreasing order: Zn > > > Cr > > Cu > Ni > Pb > Co > As > Cd with mean (± SD) of 185 ± 45 mg kg-1, 56 ± 15 mg kg-1, 45 ± 16 mg kg-1, 37 ± 11 mg kg-1, 24 ± 5 mg kg-1, 20 ± 7 mg kg-1, 3.9 ± 1.3 mg kg-1, 0.30 ± 0.09 mg kg-1, respectively, with strong indications of anthropogenic sources. Average concentrations were in the following decreasing order: Zn > > > Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Co, As, and Cd levels (mean ± SD) were 185 ± 45 mg kg-1, 56 ± 15 mg kg-1, 45 ± 16 mg kg-1, 37 ± 11 mg kg-1, 24 ± 5 mg kg-1, 20 ± 7 mg kg-1, 3.9 ± 1.3 mg kg-1 and 0.30 ± 0.09 mg kg-1 with strong indications of anthropogenic sources. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor categorisation schemes, respectively, classified these as uncontaminated (level 0) and depletion to minimal enrichment (level 1), while the ecological risk analysis classified them as "low risk". The mouth of the Nyando River, as well as Kisumu, Kendu, and Homa bays, were the most element-enriched and should be prioritised for focused monitoring and remediation. As a result, targeted land management of urban, industrial, transportation, and agricultural areas offers the opportunity to reduce sediment inputs into the lake ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Aura
- Kenya Marine Fisheries Research Institution (KMFRI), P.O. Box 1881-40100, Kisumu, Kenya.
| | - O S Humphrey
- Inorganic Geochemistry, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, UK
| | - A L Marriott
- Inorganic Geochemistry, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, UK
| | - M J Watts
- Inorganic Geochemistry, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Nottingham, UK
| | - C O Ongore
- Kenya Marine Fisheries Research Institution (KMFRI), P.O. Box 1881-40100, Kisumu, Kenya
- Pelagic Ecology Research Group, Gatty Marine Laboratory, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 8LB, Scotland, UK
| | - J M Mwamburi
- Kenya Marine Fisheries Research Institution (KMFRI), P.O. Box 1881-40100, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - O Osano
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - T J Coffey
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Ghosh A, Yash, Kumar C, Bhadury P. Cascading effects of trace metals enrichment on phytoplankton communities of the River Ganga in South Asia. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 347:140607. [PMID: 37925029 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Globally freshwater ecosystems and associated biota including phytoplankton communities are at extreme risk from trace metal pollution originating from geogenic as well as from anthropogenic sources such as release of untreated industrial effluents. In the present study influence of iron- and arsenic-enrichments on structure and metabolism of phytoplankton communities of River Ganga, one of the largest rivers of South Asia, was assessed under laboratory-based microcosm experiments. Surface water samples were collected and subsequently enriched with higher than recommended concentrations of iron (10 mg/L) and arsenic (10 μg/L). The set-up comprised of nine containers of 25 L volume with three containers each for iron- and arsenic-enrichment and was maintained for 30 days. Trace metal enrichment rapidly changed the phytoplankton community structure and chemistry of nutrients uptake. Iron-enrichment prompted diatom blooms comprising of Thalassiosira, succeeded by green algae Coelastrum. Arsenic-enrichment maintained cyanobacteria for longer time-spans compared to the control and iron-enriched containers but significantly lesser abundance of diatoms. Variations in community composition was also reflected in nutrient uptake rates with silicate release in the arsenic-enriched containers at the end of the experiment. Changes in macronutrient dynamics also altered genus growth rates wherein both iron- and arsenic appeared to lower the death rate of Thalassosira but stimulated growth of other genera including Skeletonema and Pandorina. Iron appeared to influence lesser number of genera compared to arsenic which altered growth rates of both diatoms and green algae. This consequently influenced the gross primary productivity values which lowered both in the iron- and arsenic-enriched containers compared to the control owing to decrease in phytoplankton diversity. Iron appeared to drive phytoplankton communities toward a less general and more specialized composition with high abundance of selective species comprising of small diatoms such as Thalassiosira, whereas arsenic appears to select for green algal enrichment in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Ghosh
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Yash
- Integrative Taxonomy and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Chakresh Kumar
- Integrative Taxonomy and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Punyasloke Bhadury
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India; Integrative Taxonomy and Microbial Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India; Centre for Excellence in Blue Economy, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
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6
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Ma X, Suo T, Zhao F, Shang Z, Chen Y, Wang P, Li B. Integrating CRISPR/Cas12a with strand displacement amplification for the ultrasensitive aptasensing of cadmium(II). Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2281-2289. [PMID: 36952025 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04650-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium ion (Cd(II)) is a pernicious environmental pollutant that has been shown to contaminate agricultural lands, accumulate through the food chain, and seriously threaten human health. At present, Cd(II) monitoring is dependent on centralized instruments, necessitating the development of rapid and on-site detection platforms. Against this backdrop, the present study reports on the development of a fluorometric aptasensor designed to target Cd(II), which is achieved through the integration of strand displacement amplification (SDA) and CRISPR/Cas12a. In the absence of Cd(II), the aptamer initiates SDA, resulting in the generation of a profusion of ssDNA that activates Cas12a, leading to a substantial increase in fluorescence output. Conversely, the presence of Cd(II) curtails the SDA efficiency, culminating in a significant reduction in fluorescence output. The proposed approach has been demonstrated to enable the selective detection of Cd(II) at concentrations of 60 pM, with the performance of the aptasensor validated in real water and rice samples. The proposed platform based on aptamer-target interaction holds immense promise as a signal-amplified and precise method for the detection of Cd(II) and has the potential to transform current hazard detection practices in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Tiying Suo
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Biopharmaceutical Public Platform Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 211899, China
| | - Furong Zhao
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhaoyang Shang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Bingzhi Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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7
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Qiang T, Nie J, Long Y, Wang W, Xie R, Wang R, Cong Y, Zhang Y. ZnCo 2O 4 composite catalyst accelerated removal of phenylic contaminants containing of Cr(VI) in dielectric barrier discharge reactor: Process and mechanism study. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 314:137676. [PMID: 36584822 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of phenylic contaminants (phenol, hydroquinone, nitrobenzene, p-nitrophenol) containing Cr(VI) has been investigated in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) system using a ZnCo2O4 composite catalyst. The ZnCo2O4 nanowires combined with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) on a sponge substrate in the discharge system can induce a decrease in the corona inception voltage and discharge becomes more stable resulting in an improvement in the energy utilization efficiency. With the synergistic degradation of phenylic species containing Cr(VI), the total elimination efficiency was further improved. The active substances (H2O2 and O3) were detected in the discharged solution, and some of them were consumed in the phenylic system. The effects of ·OH, O2·- and e- were also verified using free radical trapping experiments in which ·OH exhibited the main oxidation effect for the degradation of phenylic pollutants, and e-, H2O2 and H· affect the reduction of Cr(VI). The intermediate products were determined in order to analyze the degradation process of phenylic pollutants by the ZnCo2O4 composite catalyst in combination with the DBD system. The electron transfer process in the ZnCo2O4 composite catalyst during discharge was analyzed. Finally, the biotoxicity of the phenylic pollutants before and after degradation was compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Qiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jutao Nie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yupei Long
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Huzhou South Taihu Environmental Protection & Technology Development Co., Ltd., Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Ruizhang Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Run Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yanqing Cong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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Liu S, Fu R, Liu Y, Suo C. Spatiotemporal variations of water quality and their driving forces in the Yangtze River Basin, China, from 2008 to 2020 based on multi-statistical analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:69388-69401. [PMID: 35568786 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20667-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water quality deterioration is a prominent issue threatening water security worldwide. As the largest river in China, the Yangtze River Basin is facing severe water pollution due to intense human activities. Analyzing water quality trends and identifying the corresponding driver factors are important components of sustainable water quality management. Thus, spatiotemporal characteristics of the water quality from 2008 to 2020 were analyzed by using a Mann-Kendall test and rescaled range analysis (R/S). In addition, multi-statistical analyses were used to determine the main driving factors of variation in the permanganate index (CODMn), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration, and total phosphorus (TP) concentration. The results showed that the mean concentrations of NH3-N and TP decreased from 0.31 to 0.16 mg/L and 0.16 to 0.07 mg/L, respectively, from 2008 to 2020, indicating that the water quality improved during this period. However, the concentration of CODMn did not reduce remarkably. Based on R/S analysis, the NH3-N concentration was predicted to continue to decrease from 2020 to 2033, whereas the CODMn concentration was forecast to increase, highlighting an issue of great concern. In terms of spatial distribution, water quality in the upstream was better than that of the mid-downstream. Multi-statistical analyses revealed that the temporal variation in water quality was predominantly influenced by tertiary industry (TI), the nitrogen fertilizer application rate (N-FAR), the phosphate fertilizer application rate (P-FAR), and the irrigation area of arable land (IAAL), with contribution rates of 15.92%, 14.65%, 3.46%, and 2.84%, respectively. The spatial distribution of CODMn was mainly influenced by TI, whereas that of TP was primarily determined by anthropogenic activity factors (e.g., N-FAR, P-FAR). This study provides deep insight into water quality evolution in the Yangtze River Basin that can guide water quality management in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Liu
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Rui Fu
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yun Liu
- China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Chengyu Suo
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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Wang R, Xia W, Eggleton MA, Qu X, Liu H, Xin W, Wu X, Chen Y. Spatial and temporal patterns of heavy metals and potential human impacts in Central Yangtze lakes, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153368. [PMID: 35077782 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lakes in the central Yangtze River basin have experienced increasing levels of human disturbance during the past several decades, yet large-scale environmental patterns in these lakes and their driving factors remain unclear. Herein we examined spatial and temporal patterns of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and seven other heavy metals from 16 lakes experiencing a gradient of human disturbance. These lakes were divided among six groups: suburban reservoirs (SR), suburban high-aquaculture lakes (SH), suburban low-aquaculture lakes (SL), suburban no-aquaculture lakes (SN), urban aquaculture lakes (UA) and urban no-aquaculture lakes (UN). Spatially, water-column concentrations of Cd, Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, and Al, and sediment concentrations of Ni were significantly lower in SR compared to other lake groups. Except for Al, heavy metal concentrations did not differ between SN and SL lakes in the water-column or sediments. SH lakes exhibited significantly greater concentrations of Cu, Co, Cr, Mn, and Al in the water-column and Zn in sediments compared to SN lakes. UA lakes contained significantly lower concentrations of Zn, Cd, and Al in sediment compared to UN lakes, though no significant differences were detected within water-column samples. Temporally, with all lake groups combined, summer water-column concentrations of Cd, Pb, Co, Mn, and Al were lower compared to spring and autumn. Additionally, summer sediment concentrations of Zn, As, Co, Fe also were lower compared to autumn. Further results indicated that low-density fish stockings without external feed inputs appeared to have little impact on heavy metals in both suburban and urban lakes. However, high-density fish stockings with external feed inputs were associated with increased heavy-metal concentrations across all lakes. Overall, urbanization has great potential to increase sediment heavy-metal ecological risks. These findings are crucial for developing heavy-metal pollution control and management strategies for freshwater lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources & Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430079, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wentong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Michael A Eggleton
- Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, 1200 North University Drive, Pine Bluff, AR 71601, USA
| | - Xiao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Han Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xinghua Wu
- China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yushun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China.
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The Ecological Compensation Mechanism in a Cross-Regional Water Diversion Project Using Evolutionary Game Theory: The Case of the Hanjiang River Basin, China. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14071151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
As a vital method to resolve conflicts between water use in upstream and downstream areas and solve the problem of transboundary water pollution, watershed ecological compensation is widely used worldwide. It is necessary to analyze the influencing factors of watershed ecological compensation from the perspective of how different governments interact with each other. However, the previous literature has paid less attention to the special situation of cross-regional water diversion projects, the changing processes of governmental behavior, and the interventions by the central government. Therefore, when taking the upstream and downstream governments and the central government in the basin of a cross-regional water diversion project as research objects, it is important to study their behavior and influencing factors to improve the ecological compensation system in the basin. This paper first analyzes the interactions among upstream, downstream, and central governments in the basin, based on evolutionary game theory. Second, the evolutionary game models before and after the interventions by the central government were developed separately, and the effects of different contexts on the dynamic evolutionary process were analyzed. Finally, taking the Hanjiang River Basin as an example, which is where the water source area of China’s South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Project is located, the opportunity cost of protecting the water environment in the upstream areas of this basin was estimated by establishing an econometric regression model using data on water quality and gross domestic product. The results show that (1) the initial probabilities of governments affect their final behaviors; (2) even without the supervision of the central government, it is still possible for upstream and downstream governments to reach the desired state spontaneously; (3) the supervision of the central government can promote upstream and downstream governments to reach a stable state faster; and (4) the current level of compensation from the central government is significantly lower than the opportunity cost of protecting the water environment for upstream governments in the Hanjiang River Basin. This paper can provide helpful insights for improving the ecological compensation system in the basin, which helps promote cooperation in water environment protection.
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Esmaeilzadeh M, Mahmoudpuor E, Haghighat S, Esmaeilzadeh S, Aliani H, Yazdanfar N. Contamination and ecological risk assessment of trace elements in sediments of the Anzali Wetland, Northern Iran. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:2578-2590. [PMID: 34810332 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, concentrations of some heavy metals in surficial sediments of the International Anzali Wetland were measured, this wetland is located in the northern part of Iran. Sediment pollution levels were examined and analyzed using reliable pollution indices including Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) and Enrichment Factor (CF), and finally it was revealed that heavy metal pollution ranged from low to moderate loads in the wetland. According to Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) and Ecological Risk Index (ERI), it was concluded that As and Ni may have significant toxic impacts on aquatic organisms and also according to Effect Range Median (ERM), the toxicity probability of sediments in the Anzali wetland was estimated at 21%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran E-mail:
| | - Elham Mahmoudpuor
- Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Haghighat
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamide Aliani
- Researcher, Karaj Municipality, Alborz Province, Iran
| | - Najmeh Yazdanfar
- Iranian Research and Development Center for Chemical Industries, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Distribution and Risk Assessment of Toxic Pollutants in Surface Water of the Lower Yellow River, China. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13111582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The lower reaches of the Yellow River is known for the rapid development of industry and agriculture, which has also led to some pollution. However, information about the level of toxic contaminants in the surface waters is lacking in this area. Therefore, five sampling points were set in the lower Yellow River to investigate the distribution of various pollutants and analyze the potential risks. The presence of heavy metals (Heavy metals tested for in this study were: Mercury (Hg), Arsenic (As), Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr), and Zinc (Zn)) and antibiotics (Antibiotics tested for in this study were: Enrofloxacin (ENR), Ciprofloxacin (CIP), and Norfloxacin (NOR)) in water samples taken from the lower Yellow River were measured to reveal the spatial distribution and risk potential of the compounds. Various water quality parameters (Water quality parameters used in this study were: chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN)) were also tested. Study results showed the main surface water pollution components were COD, BOD5, TN, and TP. The average levels were 37.79 mg/L, 16.64 mg/L, 4.14 mg/L, and 0.42 mg/L, respectively. Among the detected metals from the water samples, Hg (LOD-0.1 μg/L) levels were only in line with the surface water class III or worse. Both fish and water samples contained antibiotics. According to an ecological risk assessment conducted along the river, the distribution of pollutants in the waters exhibited a spatial relationship with the land-use pattern in the study region and the Kenli site was the most polluted. Research shows that up-to-date data on the residual levels and distribution characteristics of pollutants in the lower Yellow River could provide valuable baseline data and technical support for relevant government departments and their management going forward.
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Guo Y, Wang Y, Chen X, Yang S. Zoned strategy for water pollutant emissions of China based on spatial heterogeneity analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:763-774. [PMID: 32827114 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10535-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A zoned strategy based on the spatial heterogeneity of water pollutant emissions is helpful for water environment management. With principal component analysis and clustering analysis, 31 provincial administrative regions (not including Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan regions) of China with emissions of 12 kinds of water quality indicators had been categorized into 4 zone type regions. Zone type-1 is the largest emissions of heavy metals, including mining-developed provinces of Hunan and Jiangxi. Zone type-2 is constituted of economically and agriculturally developed with large COD, NH4+-N, TP, and TN emissions, including Hebei, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, Anhui, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Guangdong, and Sichuan. Zone type-3 only contains Shanxi with massive oil and volatile phenol emissions. Zone type-4 is the other 19 provinces with small discharges of water pollutants. Zone type-4 could be divided into three subclasses which are related to the location of these areas. With these cluster zones, the targeted water pollutant emissions strategy has been put forward in the paper. These methods and ideas of this paper can be further applied to the analysis of spatial and temporal differentiation of pollutant discharges in basins. With the zoning regions, more concrete water pollution prevention and control strategies can be set at a national level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggui Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Beijing Tsinghua Holdings Human Settlements Environment Institute, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shuihua Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Vasiliu D, Bucse A, Lupascu N, Ispas B, Gheablau C, Stanescu I. Assessment of the metal pollution in surface sediments of coastal Tasaul Lake (Romania). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:749. [PMID: 33155147 PMCID: PMC7644546 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Forty-three surface sediment samples were collected in September 2019 from Tasaul Lake (Black Sea coast, Romania) to examine the metal distribution patterns, assess the level of metal contamination, and identify the pollutant sources. The determined mean metal concentrations were as follows: Al 49,772 mg/kg, Zn 84.40 mg/kg, Cr 83.70 mg/kg, V 76.45 mg/kg, Ni 42.53 mg/kg, Cu 34.27 mg/kg, Pb 26.30 mg/kg, As 12.49 mg/kg, and Hg 0.06 mg/kg. The metals in the surface sediments of Tasaul Lake displayed moderate spatial variation, with higher metal concentrations mainly occurring in the south and southeast (As, Pb, and Hg), southwest (Cu and Zn), and west of the lake (Cr, Ni, and V). Heavy metal contamination in sediments is assessed using pollution indices such as enrichment factor, contamination factor, and pollution load index. The highest CFs and EFs were determined for As (moderate to high pollution), followed by Pb (low to moderate pollution). The Cu, Zn, and Hg pollution indices showed values corresponding to low pollution levels, while Ni, Cr, and V presented the lowest indices, suggesting unpolluted sediments. Multivariate statistical analyses were performed to identify the origin of the analyzed heavy metals. Cr was predominantly sourced from lithogenic components, Ni and V originated from both natural and anthropogenic sources, and As, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Hg showed mainly anthropogenic sources such as agricultural runoff, domestic and industrial wastewater discharges, and quarrying activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Vasiliu
- National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology (GeoEcoMar), 23-25 Dimitrie Onciul, 024053, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Andra Bucse
- National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology (GeoEcoMar), 23-25 Dimitrie Onciul, 024053, Bucharest, Romania
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-3 Gheorghe Polizu, 011061, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Naliana Lupascu
- National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology (GeoEcoMar), 23-25 Dimitrie Onciul, 024053, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ispas
- National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology (GeoEcoMar), 23-25 Dimitrie Onciul, 024053, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catalin Gheablau
- National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology (GeoEcoMar), 23-25 Dimitrie Onciul, 024053, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ion Stanescu
- National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology (GeoEcoMar), 23-25 Dimitrie Onciul, 024053, Bucharest, Romania
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Nutrient and heavy metal composition in select biotic and abiotic components of Varthur wetlands, Bangalore, India. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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16
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Arumugam A, Li J, Krishnamurthy P, Jia ZX, Leng Z, Ramasamy N, Du D. Investigation of toxic elements in Carassius gibelio and Sinanodonta woodiana and its health risk to humans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:19955-19969. [PMID: 32232757 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing toxic metal content in aquatic products has become a universal burden due to the risks to aquatic organisms and human health associated with the consumption of these products. In this study, toxic metal distribution and accumulation in the organs of fish and bivalve species of economic and culinary importance from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River are examined, and the corresponding health risks are also investigated. In general, the viscera and gill show higher concentration of metals than other tissues. The order of the accumulation sequence of metals in muscle tissue of fish and bivalve is Zn > Cu > Mn > Cr > As > Hg > Pb > Cd and Mn > Zn > Cu > As > Cr > Pb > Cd > Hg respectively. Maximum accumulation of Mn (507.50 μg g-1) and Pb (0.51 μg g-1) in the gill tissues indicates the major uptake of these metals from the water column. According to the Hazard Index (HI) calculations (based on USEPA), the analyzed metals will not cause any harmful health effects to individuals for both normal and habitual fish consumers, except for Hg and As in habitual consumers, if these species are consumed at a larger amount. Compared to the Chinese Food Health Criterion and other international standards (WHO/FAO), metal concentrations in the edible muscle tissues of the studied species are lesser than the acceptable levels and found to be fit for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandkumar Arumugam
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Prabakaran Krishnamurthy
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Xi Jia
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanrui Leng
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Nagarajan Ramasamy
- Department of Applied Geology, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia
- Curtin Malaysia Research Institute, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia
| | - Daolin Du
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
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Pant RR, Zhang F, Rehman FU, Koirala M, Rijal K, Maskey R. Spatiotemporal characterization of dissolved trace elements in the Gandaki River, Central Himalaya Nepal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 389:121913. [PMID: 31879101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive investigation was conducted on trace elements (TEs) in the glacier-fed Gandaki River Basin, Central Himalayas Nepal. A total of 93 water samples were collected from 31 locations in pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons in 2016 to evaluate the concentrations of TEs. Multivariate statistical techniques such as analysis of variance, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and correlation analysis were applied to investigate the spatiotemporal variations and identify the major sources of the TEs. The results classified most of the TEs into two groups. Group 1 including Cs, Li, Ni, Rb, Sc, Sr, Tl, U and V were from geogenic sources, while Group 2 including Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ti, Y and Zn were impacted by anthropogenic activities. Group 1 showed lower concentrations in the lower-middle and downstream segments with higher precipitation and the highest concentrations during pre-monsoon. In contrast, Group 2 demonstrated higher concentrations in the densely populated lower segments with more agriculture and industries, and the highest concentrations during the post-monsoon season. Comparing to the drinking water limits suggested that special attention should be paid to the elevated concentrations of Zn and As. The results of the study provide a basic guideline for future environmental protection in the Himalaya.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Raj Pant
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Faizan Ur Rehman
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Earth Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Madan Koirala
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
| | - Kedar Rijal
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
| | - Rejina Maskey
- Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
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Li R, Tang X, Guo W, Lin L, Zhao L, Hu Y, Liu M. Spatiotemporal distribution dynamics of heavy metals in water, sediment, and zoobenthos in mainstream sections of the middle and lower Changjiang River. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136779. [PMID: 31991268 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water, sediment, and zoobenthos are crucial carriers and storage media for heavy metal migration and transformation. The distribution characteristics of heavy metals in water, sediment, and zoobenthos can reflect their pollution status and potential influences on the health of aquatic ecosystems. On the basis of monitoring data related to Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Mn, Hg, and As in mainstream water, surface sediment, and zoobenthos at eight sections-from Wuhan to Shanghai-of the Changjiang River (also known as the Yangtze River) and historical monitoring data on heavy metal distributions in different environmental media of the Changjiang River since the 1980s, this study undertook systematically analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution dynamics, pollution levels, and corresponding environmental risks related to heavy metals in water, sediment, and biota, and examined the effects of pollution source variations and water and sediment regimes on heavy metal distribution. Heavy metal concentrations in the waters were much lower than the water quality threshold of Grade III of the Chinese Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard (GB3838-2002); the concentrations of different heavy metals were irregularly distributed and varied significantly along the river mainstream; Cu, Cd, Zn, and Pb concentrations in sediment all exceeded their respective critical effect concentrations and exposed the ecosystem to pollution risks; the pollution levels of and ecosystem health risks posed by Zn and Cu in zoobenthos were high, with pollution concentrations ranked as shrimp > snails > crabs. In general, heavy metal concentrations in the three environmental mediums were ranked as sediment > zoobenthos > water. Finally, comparison with historical monitoring data revealed increasing Cd and Hg concentrations, with the average heavy metal concentration in sediment reaching its maximum value in the 2000s in the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River, which are subjected to the combined effect of pollutant emissions and changing water and sediment regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China; Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-Environmental Science in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430010, China.
| | - Xianqiang Tang
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China; Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-Environmental Science in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430010, China.
| | - Weijie Guo
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China; Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-Environmental Science in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Li Lin
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China; Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-Environmental Science in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Liangyuan Zhao
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China; Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-Environmental Science in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China; Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-Environmental Science in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Min Liu
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China; Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-Environmental Science in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430010, China
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Canonical Correlation Study on the Relationship between Shipping Development and Water Environment of the Yangtze River. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12083279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The sustainable development of the Yangtze River will affect the lives of the people who live along it as well as the development of cities beside it. This study investigated the relationship between shipping development and the water environment of the Yangtze River. Canonical correlation analysis is a multivariate statistical method used to study the correlation between two groups of variables; this study employed it to analyze data relevant to shipping and the water environment of the Yangtze River from 2006 to 2016. Furthermore, the Yangtze River Shipping Prosperity Index and Yangtze River mainline freight volume were used to characterize the development of Yangtze River shipping. The water environment of the Yangtze River is characterized by wastewater discharge, ammonia nitrogen concentration, biochemical oxygen demand, the potassium permanganate index, and petroleum pollution. The results showed that a significant correlation exists between Yangtze River shipping and the river’s water environment. Furthermore, mainline freight volume has a significant impact on the quantity of wastewater discharged and petroleum pollution in the water environment.
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20
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El-Alfy MA, El-Amier YA, El-Eraky TE. Land use/cover and eco-toxicity indices for identifying metal contamination in sediments of drains, Manzala Lake, Egypt. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03177. [PMID: 31938752 PMCID: PMC6953707 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Six heavy metals in three main drains along the East Nile Delta were estimated to assess the environmental risk and employ land use/cover map of each drain. Composite sediment samples (n = 3) were collected from each drain. The elements were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The order of metal ions in the sediments of three drains of Manzala lake take the following order: Fe > Co > Ni > Cr > Cd > Pb in El-Serw drain, Fe > Ni > Co > Cd > Cr > Pb in Hadous drain and Fe > Cd > Ni > Co > Pb > Cr in Bahr El-Baqar drain. Studied Pollution indices indicate that drains discharged into Manzala Lake are mostly contaminated by metals. Geo-accumulation index showed contamination by Cd in all sites especially in site 13 of Bahr El-Baqar drain and low values to others. The mean probable effect level quotient showed percent of 21% in Hadous and El-Serw drains and 73% probability of being toxic in Bahr El-Baqar drain. The mean effect range median quotient also showed 21% in Hadous and El-Serw to 49% probability of being toxic in Bahr El-Baqar drains. Index of anthropogenicity impact indicate that the man-made activity either agricultural, industrial or fisheries impacted in the appearance of metal ions in the following sequence; Cd > Co > Pb > Ni > Cr. Hazard severity according to hazard quotient and modified hazard quotient of Ni and Cd take the following sequence; El-Serw < Hadous < Bahr El-Baqar drains. For Cr is; Hadous < Bahr El-Baqar < El-Serw and Pb is; Hadous < Elserw < Bahr El-Baqar drains. According to contamination severity index showed low for Pb, Ni and Cr and severe for Co and Cd which take the sequence of; Bahr El-Baqar > El-Serw > Hadous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A El-Alfy
- Marine Pollution Department, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Toka E El-Eraky
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Keser G, Topak Y, Sevgiler Y. Concentrations of some heavy metal and macroelements in sediment, water, macrophyte species, and leech (Hirudo sulukii n. sp.) from the Kara Lake, Adiyaman, Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:75. [PMID: 31897783 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-8035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Content of some heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and macroelements (Ca, Mg, Na, and K) were determined in samples of water, sediment, macrophytes (Potamogeton crispus, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Myriophyllum spicatum, and Chara vulgaris), and leech (Hirudo sulukii n. sp.) collected from Kara Lake Adiyaman, Turkey at four distinct seasons using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). It was found that the studied heavy metals were completely below the detection limit of ICP-OES for water samples. The results showed that most heavy metals (Ni, Cr, Zn, Fe, and Pb) and macroelements (Mg and Na) had their highest values in sediment samples in August. Increases of heavy metals and macroelements may be due to evaporation because of summer stagnation at this period. The average content of studied elements was in the order of Mn>Ni>Cr>Zn>Fe>Pb>Cu in sediment samples. As a non-essential heavy metal, Cr was the most accumulated in all the macrophytes studied. The average Cr concentration was in the order of P. crispus > P. perfoliatus > M. spicatum > C. vulgaris. In C. vulgaris, the accumulation of Ca was the highest compared with other macrophytes. The accumulation of heavy metal was in the order of Fe>Zn>Cu>Pb>Mn>Cr>Ni>Cd in H. sulukii n. sp. The obtained results showed that the heavy metal and macroelement (Na, Ca, Mg, and K) concentrations in water, sediment, macrophytes, and leech are below the risk values according to the aquatic life pollutant data provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Overall, the element contents can be attributable to the geological sources because of the general absence of serious pollution in Kara Lake, Adiyaman, Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonca Keser
- Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, Adiyaman University, 02040, Adiyaman, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Topak
- Department of Mining and Mineral Extraction, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Adiyaman University, 02040, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Sevgiler
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Adiyaman University, 02040, Adiyaman, Turkey
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Wang Y, Wang L, Deng X, Gao H. A facile pyrolysis synthesis of biochar/ZnO passivator: immobilization behavior and mechanisms for Cu (II) in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:1888-1897. [PMID: 31758482 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Waste biomass can be recycled to prepare biochar for soil restoration, in which process soil fertility would not be lost. In this work, biochar was prepared from waste pomelo peel, combined with ZnO, to be used to immobilize Cu(II) in contaminated soil, whose maximum adsorption capacity was up to 216.37 mg g-1. Due to combination of ZnO, the BET surface area of biochar increased from 2.39 to 18.53 m2 g-1. Meanwhile, the surface functional groups increased, which was conducive to fixation of metal ion on the surface of biochar. Both pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm model fit the experimental data well. Adsorption was easy to happen since the adsorption site on the surface of biochar/ZnO had a strong affinity with Cu(II). In addition, mechanism investigation indicated that Cu(II) was bond with biochar/ZnO mainly by non-bioavailable state (75.6%) primarily. It inferred that biochar/ZnO was an efficient and promising passivator in reducing heavy metal risk in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China
| | - Luxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Deng
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
| | - Hongtao Gao
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
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Wei J, Duan M, Li Y, Nwankwegu AS, Ji Y, Zhang J. Concentration and pollution assessment of heavy metals within surface sediments of the Raohe Basin, China. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13100. [PMID: 31511608 PMCID: PMC6739387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49724-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface sediment samples were collected from four areas (the Jingdezhen Industrialized Area (JDZ), Upstream (UP), the Dexing Mining Area (DX), and Downstream (DM)) to investigate the concentration and chemical composition of heavy metals. The sediments were analysed for Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, As, and Ni using a sequential extraction scheme according to the improved BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference) method. The obtained results show that the maximum values of Cu (793.52 μg·g-1), Zn (72.09 μg·g-1), Pb (222.19 μg·g-1), and Cd (1.60 μg·g-1) were collected from the DX sampling area, while the JDZ area had the highest concentrations of Cr (97.09 μg·g-1), As (318.05 μg·g-1), and Ni (66.35 μg·g-1). The majority of metal values far exceeded their corresponding background values. The risk analysis of geo-accumulation index (Igeo) indicated that the heavy metals Cu and As were the main pollution factors and each element of the pollution degree followed the order of: Cu > As > Pb > Cd > Cr > Zn. Metal partitioning characteristics were also considered and more than 80% of metals show potential bioavailability and toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Maoqing Duan
- The Department of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Amechi S Nwankwegu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yong Ji
- School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330099, China
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Shaikh SA, Bagla HK. Comparative study of 110mAg(I) removal from aqueous media by humic substances. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06691-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Shtepliuk I, Yakimova R. Interaction of epitaxial graphene with heavy metals: towards novel sensing platform. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:294002. [PMID: 30939456 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Development of next-generation sensors based on graphene materials, especially epitaxial graphene (EG) as the most promising representative, with desirable cross-reactivity to heavy metals (HMs) is of great technological significance in the virtue of enormous impact on environmental sensorics. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which EG responds to toxic HMs exposure and then produces the output signal are still obscure. In the present study, the nature of interaction of toxic HMs, e.g. Cd, Hg and Pb in neutral charge state and EG on Si-face SiC in the absence and in the presence of pure water solution has been investigated using density functional theory with the inclusion of dispersion correction and cluster model of EG. The gas-phase calculations showed that adsorbed electron-donating Cd and Hg adatoms on EG are most stable when bonded to hollow sites, while Pb species prefer to sit above bridge sites. By using non-covalent interaction analysis, charge decomposition analysis, overlap population density of states analysis and topological analysis, it was found that the interaction between Cd or Hg and EG is non-bonding in nature and is mainly governed by van der Waals forces, while Pb adsorption is followed by the formation of anti-bonding orbitals in vacuum conditions and bonding orbitals in water. The role of solvent in the adsorption behavior of HMs is studied and discussed. The present theoretical analysis is in good agreement with recent experimental results towards discriminative electrochemical analysis of the toxic HMs in aqueous solutions at critically low concentrations.
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Huang X, Luo D, Zhao D, Li N, Xiao T, Liu J, Wei L, Liu Y, Liu L, Liu G. Distribution, Source and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal(oid)s in Water, Sediments, and Corbicula Fluminea of Xijiang River, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101823. [PMID: 31126009 PMCID: PMC6572011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A total of 43 water and sediment samples, and 34 Corbicula fluminea samples were collected in Xijiang River in southern China to determine the spatial distribution and sources of 12 metals/metalloids (V, Co, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, Sb, and Tl) and to assess the pollution levels and ecological risks of the pollutants. The results showed that the levels of the metals/metalloids (except for Tl) in the river water from almost all of the sampling sites met the Chinese national surface water quality standards. However, the concentrations of the metals/metalloids in the sediments exceeded the background values by a factor of 1.03–56.56 except for V, Co, and Mn, and the contents of Zn, Cd, and Pb in the Corbicula fluminea soft tissue exceeded the limits of the Chinese Category I food Quality Standards. The spatial distribution analysis showed that the concentrations of the contaminants in the lower reaches of Xijiang River were higher than in the upper reaches. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF), biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), and the potential ecological risk index (RI) were obtained to assess the pollution levels and ecological risks. The results indicated that Cu, Cd, and Zn were the most prone to bio-accumulation in the Corbicula fluminea soft tissue, and the lower reaches showed a much higher pollution level and risk than the upper reaches. The metals/metalloids in the sediments posed serious threat on the aquatic ecosystem, of which Cd, As, and Sb are the most risky contaminants. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) indicated Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Cd, Pb, and As in the sediments came from relevant industrial activities, and V and Co originated from natural sources, and Sb from mining activities, Zn and Tl came from industrial activities and mining activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexia Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Linköping University-Guangzhou University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dinggui Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Linköping University-Guangzhou University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dongye Zhao
- Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| | - Ning Li
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Environmental Monitoring Station, Nanning 530028, China.
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jingyong Liu
- Ecological Environment Information System and Big Data Research Team, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Lezhang Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Linköping University-Guangzhou University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Linköping University-Guangzhou University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Lirong Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Guowei Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Maina CW, Sang JK, Raude JM, Mutua BM. Geochronological and spatial distribution of heavy metal contamination in sediment from Lake Naivasha, Kenya. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2019.1593718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline W. Maina
- Soil, Water and Environmental Engineering Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Joseph K. Sang
- Soil, Water and Environmental Engineering Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - James M. Raude
- Soil, Water and Environmental Engineering Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Benedict M. Mutua
- Planning, Partnerships, Research and Innovation Directorate, Kibabii University, Bungoma, Kenya
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Dube T, Mhangwa G, Makaka C, Parirenyatwa B, Muteveri T. Spatial variation of heavy metals and uptake potential by Typha domingensis in a tropical reservoir in the midlands region, Zimbabwe. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:10097-10105. [PMID: 30756354 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04471-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of aquatic ecosystems with heavy metals is now of global concern due to their dangers to human health and persistence in the environment. An investigation on the spatial distribution of heavy metals in water and sediments and the bioaccumulation potential of heavy metals by plant parts (i.e. roots, stems and leaves) of aquatic macrophyte Typha domingensis (Pers.) Steud in a tropical reservoir was carried out. The results showed no difference in spatial distribution of heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, Mn) in water and sediments from the riverine to the dam wall. The concentration of heavy metals Fe, Cu, Cr and Zn in T. domingensis was of the order root > stem > leaves, but for Pb, Cd and Mn, it followed the order root > leaf > stem. The metal transfer between roots and shoots of T. domingensis followed the order Zn > Pb > Fe > Cu > Cd > Cr. The bio-concentration factor (BCF) was low (BCF < 1) for all the selected metals while the transfer factor (TF) varied among metals suggesting that T. domingensis is not an accumulator of the studied metals. The high concentration of heavy metals found in the water (0.7-16.14 mg L-1) and sediments (43.6-569.18 mg kg-1) present a potential risk to both ecological health and human health for the population living in the area. The results of metal concentration in water and sediments from this study are important as a baseline for future monitoring studies. Further studies on bioavailability of metals to other macrophytes and aquatic organisms are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Dube
- Department of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnology, Midlands State University, 1 Senga Road, Senga, Gweru, Zimbabwe.
| | - Grace Mhangwa
- Department of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnology, Midlands State University, 1 Senga Road, Senga, Gweru, Zimbabwe
- Department of Agriculture Extension Services, Ministry of Lands, Agriculture and Rural Resettlement, P. Bag, 912, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | - Caston Makaka
- Department of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnology, Midlands State University, 1 Senga Road, Senga, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | - Bridget Parirenyatwa
- Department of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnology, Midlands State University, 1 Senga Road, Senga, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | - Tinashe Muteveri
- Department of Applied Biosciences and Biotechnology, Midlands State University, 1 Senga Road, Senga, Gweru, Zimbabwe
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29
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Yamac E, Ozden M, Kirazli C, Malkoc S. Heavy-metal concentrations in feathers of cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus L.) as an endangered species in Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:833-843. [PMID: 30415366 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3649-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to find out the certain heavy-metal levels in the feathers of cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus L.), which is a threatened species. The feathers of the cinereous vultures were collected from the breeding areas in Sündiken and Türkmenbaba Mountains. To avoid misleading results, vanes and calamuses of the rectrices were evaluated separately in terms of their As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn contents. ICP-OES was used to analyse the metal levels in feathers which belonged to 43 different individuals. All of the heavy-metal concentrations except for Cu were higher in vanes than in calamuses. The mean levels of Cd (0.254 ± 1.589 μg/g d.w. in the calamus and 0.334 ± 0.156 μg/g d.w. in the vane), Cr (6.536 ± 6.378 μg/g d.w. in the vane), Ni (11.886 ± 10.891 μg/g d.w. in the vane) and Pb (5.671 ± 3.884 μg/g d.w. in the vane) exceeded the threshold values for the birds. As a result, we recommend further studies to understand the effects of the heavy metals on the population of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Yamac
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Eskişehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
| | - Menekse Ozden
- Graduate School of Sciences, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Cihangir Kirazli
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Management, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Semra Malkoc
- Porsuk Vocational School, Eskişehir Technical Universtiy, Eskişehir, Turkey
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30
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Djikanović V, Skorić S, Spasić S, Naunovic Z, Lenhardt M. Ecological risk assessment for different macrophytes and fish species in reservoirs using biota-sediment accumulation factors as a useful tool. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:1167-1174. [PMID: 30029326 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal content was evaluated in the sediment, macrophytes and fish in the Medjuvršje reservoir (Western Serbia). Concentrations of 16 trace elements (Ag; Al; As; B; Ba; Cd; Co; Cr; Cu; Fe; Li; Mn; Ni; Pb; Sr; Zn) were analysed in the sediment, macrophytes and fish of an aquatic ecosystem. Five macrophyte species and three fish tissues (liver, muscle, gills) from five fish species (freshwater bream, common nase, Prussian carp, chub, wels catfish) were sampled and the metal content was analysed with ICP-OES. The sediment concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Zn exceeded the Canadian sediment quality guidelines while concentrations of Cr and Ni were above the Netherlands' target values. Bioaccumulation factors (BSAF) were calculated for analysed macrophytes and fish tissue. The BSAF had higher values for macrophytes for all investigated elements except for Cu and Zn; Cu had a higher value in the liver of the freshwater bream (0.823) and Zn had a higher value in the liver of freshwater bream (0.914) and chub (0.834) as well as in gills of Prussian carp (2.58) and chub (1.26). Potamogeton pectinatus, Ceratophylum demersum and the root of Phragmites communis showed higher accumulation of elements than Trapa natans and Potamogeton fluitans and the body of P. communis. The highest BSAF values for Ba, Mn, Sr and Ni were recorded in the gills. Cd and Cu had the highest BSAF values in the liver. Results confirmed that particular macrophyte and fish species could be a good indicator of reservoir water and sediment pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Djikanović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Stefan Skorić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1a, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sladjana Spasić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1a, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Informatics and computing, Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Naunovic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Lenhardt
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia
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31
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Fajer M, Rzetala MA. Mill pond sediments as the indicator of the environment of the drainage area (an example of Liswarta River, Odra basin, Poland). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:5832-5847. [PMID: 29235024 PMCID: PMC5823960 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0909-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The geochemical characteristics of sediments deposited within a channel-type reservoir situated behind the weir of a water mill on the River Liswarta (southern Poland) were studied in relation to land use in the catchment. The catchment in question is an agricultural one with large forest areas. The contamination of sediments with trace elements was assessed using the geoaccumulation index. The sediments studied were moderately to heavily contaminated with As, Cu, Co, Ni and Ba. They were also heavily contaminated with Sr. Additionally, V and Cr contamination ranged from heavy to extreme. The basic composition of sediments and the trace elements present in them indicate both natural and anthropogenic sources of pollution. Mill impoundments provide zones where the sediments transported by rivers accumulate. Within the Liswarta catchment, their removal may cause the remobilisation of contaminated alluvial deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fajer
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, Bedzinska 60, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Martyna Anna Rzetala
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, Bedzinska 60, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland.
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32
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Guo B, Liu Y, Zhang F, Hou J, Zhang H, Li C. Heavy metals in the surface sediments of lakes on the Tibetan Plateau, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:3695-3707. [PMID: 29168132 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0680-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination has affected many regions in the world, particularly the developing countries of Asia. We investigated 8 heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Ni, and As) in the surface sediments of 18 lakes on the Tibetan Plateau. It was found that the distributions of the heavy metals showed no clear spatial pattern on the plateau. The results indicated that the mean concentrations of these metals in the sediment samples diminished as follows: Cr > As > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cu > Co > Cd. The results of geoaccumulation index (I geo) and potential ecological risk factor (E ir ) assessments showed that the sediments were moderately polluted by Cd and As, which posed much higher risks than the other metals. The values of the potential ecological risk index (RI) showed that lake Bieruoze Co has been severely polluted by heavy metals. Principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis results indicated that the 8 heavy metals in the lake surface sediments of the Tibetan Plateau could be classified into four groups. Group 1 included Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, and Ni which were mainly derived from both natural and traffic sources. Group 2 included Cd which mainly originated from anthropogenic sources like alloying, electroplating, and dyeing industries and was transported to the Tibetan Plateau by atmospheric circulation. Group 3 included Cr and it might mainly generate from parent rocks of watersheds. The last Group (As) was mainly from manufacturing, living, and the striking deterioration of atmospheric environment of the West, Central Asia, and South Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Colledge of Resources and Environment, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Yongqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Colledge of Resources and Environment, Beijing, 10049, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Juzhi Hou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chaoliu Li
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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Xie C, Huang X, Mu H, Yin W. Impacts of Land-Use Changes on the Lakes across the Yangtze Floodplain in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:3669-3677. [PMID: 28285517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The middle and lower Yangtze (MLY) floodplain has one of the most densely distributed lake clusters in China but suffered from long-term lake reclamation and wetland degradation due to intensive cultivation, fish rearing, and urban expansion over the past several decades. As a land-use alternation to support human life, the conversion of lakes to cropland, aquaculture ponds, and human settlements provides essential ecosystem goods at the expense of the deterioration of wetland environment. To quantify the driving factors of lake changes, we investigated the land-use transitions from lakes (≥1 km2) between 1975 and 2015 using Landsat remote sensing data. We found that the dramatic decline in lake area (a net decrease of 13.8 ± 1.4%) over the four decades was largely attributed to human-induced transformation from lakes to cropland, fish ponds, and built-up areas, accounting for 34.6%, 24.2%, and 2.5% of the total area reduction, respectively. The remaining loss, associated with vegetation (37.3%) and bare land (1.4%) and coming mainly from China's two largest freshwater lakes (Poyang and Dongting), can be explained by climate variation, sediment deposition, and hydrological regulation. These findings shed new light on the quantitative impacts of human activities and climate variation on lake changes and provide a scientific foundation for wetland management decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hongqiang Mu
- Yangtze Valley Water Resources Protection Bureau, Changjiang Water Resources Commission , Wuhan 430010, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yin
- Yangtze River Water Resources Protection Science Institute , Wuhan 430051, People's Republic of China
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Duodu GO, Goonetilleke A, Ayoko GA. Comparison of pollution indices for the assessment of heavy metal in Brisbane River sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 219:1077-1091. [PMID: 27614908 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine environment is complex and receives different contaminants from numerous sources that are persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic. The distribution, source, contamination and ecological risk status of heavy metals in sediment of Brisbane River, Australia were investigated. Sediment samples were analysed for major and minor elements using LA-ICP-MS. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis identified three main sources of metals in the samples: marine sand intrusion, mixed lithogenic and sand intrusion as well as transport related. To overcome inherent deficiencies in using a single index, a range of sediment quality indices, including contamination factor, enrichment factor, index of geo-accumulation, modified degree of contamination, pollution index and modified pollution index were utilised to ascertain the sediment quality. Generally, the sediment is deemed to be "slightly" to "heavily" polluted. A further comparison with the Australian Sediment Quality Guidelines indicated that Ag, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn had the potential to rarely cause biological effects while Hg could frequently cause biological effects. Application of potential ecological risk index (RI) revealed that the sediment poses moderate to considerable ecological risk. However, RI could not account for the complex sediment behaviour because it uses a simple contamination factor. Consequently, a modified ecological risk index (MRI) employing enrichment factor is proposed. This provides a more reliable understanding of whole sediment behaviour and classified the ecological risk of the sediment as moderate to very high. The results demonstrate the need for further investigation into heavy metal speciation and bioavailability in the sediment to ascertain the degree of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfred Odame Duodu
- Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - Ashantha Goonetilleke
- Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - Godwin A Ayoko
- Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia.
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35
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Zhang W, Jin X, Di Z, Zhu X, Shan B. Heavy metals in surface sediments of the shallow lakes in eastern China: their relations with environmental factors and anthropogenic activities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:25364-25373. [PMID: 27696168 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7643-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aquatic environment is affected by heavy metal pollution. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that environmental factors and anthropogenic activities influence the distributions and the risks posed by heavy metals in surface sediments in shallow lakes in eastern China, which is an area affected by rapid urbanization, industrialization, and population growth. Total Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn concentrations in sediment samples were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The I geo showed that sediments in the lakes were moderately polluted with Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn, and the EF method showed that Cd and Se were significantly enriched in lakes. The heavy metals were found to pose moderate risks in most of the lakes, except for Gaoyou Lake, Honghu Lake, Poyang Lake, and Weishan Lake. The RI method indicated that very high risks were posed in Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake. Cd was found to pose much higher levels of risk than the other metals. Significant correlations were found between the heavy metal concentrations and the total carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur concentrations. The gross domestic product represented anthropogenic activities well. The gross domestic product of an area and the gross domestic products of primary and secondary industries in an area all had significant relationships with the concentrations of Cu and Pb, indicating that anthropogenic activities have different impacts on pollution with different heavy metals. The gross domestic product index was found to be a driving force behind the pollution of lakes with heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Zhenzhen Di
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Baoqing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100085, China.
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Shamshad I, Khan S, Waqas M, Asma M, Nawab J, Gul N, Raiz A, Li G. Heavy metal uptake capacity of fresh water algae (Oedogonium westti) from aqueous solution: A mesocosm research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:393-398. [PMID: 26515662 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1109594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The green macroalgae present in freshwater ecosystems have attracted a great attention of the world scientists for removal of heavy metals from wastewater. In this mesocosm study, the uptake rates of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) by Oedogonium westi (O. westti) were measured. The equilibrium adsorption capabilities of O. westti were different for Cd, Ni, Cr, and Pb (0.974, 0.418, 0.620, and 0.261 mgg(-1), respectively) at 18 °C and pH 5.0. Furthermore, the removal efficiencies for Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb were observed from 55-95%, 61-93%, 59-89%, and 61-96%, respectively. The highest removal efficiency was observed for Cd and Cr from aqueous solution at acidic pH and low initial metal concentrations. However, the removal efficiencies of Ni and Pb were higher at high pH and high concentrations of metals in aqueous solution. The results summarized that O. westti is a suitable candidate for removal of selected toxic heavy metals from the aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Shamshad
- a Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen , China
- b Department of Environmental Science , University of Peshawar , Pakistan
- c Department of Environmental Science , International Islamic University , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Sardar Khan
- a Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen , China
- b Department of Environmental Science , University of Peshawar , Pakistan
- d Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , China
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- a Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen , China
- b Department of Environmental Science , University of Peshawar , Pakistan
| | - Maliha Asma
- c Department of Environmental Science , International Islamic University , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Javed Nawab
- b Department of Environmental Science , University of Peshawar , Pakistan
- e Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences , University of Swat , Pakistan
| | - Nayab Gul
- b Department of Environmental Science , University of Peshawar , Pakistan
| | - Arjumand Raiz
- b Department of Environmental Science , University of Peshawar , Pakistan
| | - Gang Li
- a Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen , China
- d Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo , China
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Heavy Metal Pollution, Fractionation, and Potential Ecological Risks in Sediments from Lake Chaohu (Eastern China) and the Surrounding Rivers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:14115-31. [PMID: 26561822 PMCID: PMC4661636 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121114115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) pollution, fractionation, and ecological risks in the sediments of Lake Chaohu (Eastern China), its eleven inflowing rivers and its only outflowing river were studied. An improved BCR (proposed by the European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction procedure was applied to fractionate heavy metals within sediments, a geoaccumulation index was used to assess the extent of heavy metal pollution, and a risk assessment code was applied to evaluate potential ecological risks. Heavy metals in the Shuangqiao and Nanfei Rivers were generally higher than the other studied sites. Of the three Lake Chaohu sites, the highest concentrations were identified in western Chaohu. Heavy metal pollution and ecological risks in the lake’s only outflowing river were similar to those in the eastern region of the lake, to which the river is connected. Heavy metal concentrations occurred in the following order: Cd > Zn > Cu > Pb ≈ Ni ≈ Cr. Cr, Ni, and Cu made up the largest proportion of the residual fraction, while Cd was the most prominent metal in the exchangeable and carbonate-included fraction. Cd posed the greatest potential ecological risk; the heavy metals generally posed risks in the following order: Cd > Zn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cr.
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Yuan H, Liu E, Shen J. The accumulation and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in microalgae from a eutrophic lake (Taihu Lake, China). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:17123-17134. [PMID: 26139397 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4891-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the bioaccumulation and enrichment of heavy metals in dominant microalgae and assess the potential ecological risk to the microalgae located at the northern region of Taihu Lake, China, a shallow freshwater lake. The concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in water and microalgae (predominant cyanophyta) collected from the north of Taihu Lake were analyzed. Subsequently, enrichment factors (EF) for heavy metals in microalgae relative to water were calculated. The concentrations and EF values of heavy metals were significantly higher in water and microalgae from the northern region compared with other regions for all the metals except As and Hg. Among the metals, Pb and Cd possessed higher enrichment levels, approx. 200 and 400 for Pb and Cd, respectively. This suggested that Pb and Cd had stronger chemisorption on microalgae, even though present at lower concentrations. Moreover, Ni and Zn in microalgae from the north of the lake also exhibited risk to the ecosystem owing to their high concentrations. In general, the microalgae tended to enrich Pb, Cd, Ni, and Zn by biosorption and bioaccumulation and thus exert a risk to the ecosystem and human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhong Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 210044, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 210044, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Enfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
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Zhang P, Hong B, He L, Cheng F, Zhao P, Wei C, Liu Y. Temporal and Spatial Simulation of Atmospheric Pollutant PM2.5 Changes and Risk Assessment of Population Exposure to Pollution Using Optimization Algorithms of the Back Propagation-Artificial Neural Network Model and GIS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:12171-95. [PMID: 26426030 PMCID: PMC4626962 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121012171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PM2.5 pollution has become of increasing public concern because of its relative importance and sensitivity to population health risks. Accurate predictions of PM2.5 pollution and population exposure risks are crucial to developing effective air pollution control strategies. We simulated and predicted the temporal and spatial changes of PM2.5 concentration and population exposure risks, by coupling optimization algorithms of the Back Propagation-Artificial Neural Network (BP-ANN) model and a geographical information system (GIS) in Xi'an, China, for 2013, 2020, and 2025. Results indicated that PM2.5 concentration was positively correlated with GDP, SO₂, and NO₂, while it was negatively correlated with population density, average temperature, precipitation, and wind speed. Principal component analysis of the PM2.5 concentration and its influencing factors' variables extracted four components that accounted for 86.39% of the total variance. Correlation coefficients of the Levenberg-Marquardt (trainlm) and elastic (trainrp) algorithms were more than 0.8, the index of agreement (IA) ranged from 0.541 to 0.863 and from 0.502 to 0.803 by trainrp and trainlm algorithms, respectively; mean bias error (MBE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) indicated that the predicted values were very close to the observed values, and the accuracy of trainlm algorithm was better than the trainrp. Compared to 2013, temporal and spatial variation of PM2.5 concentration and risk of population exposure to pollution decreased in 2020 and 2025. The high-risk areas of population exposure to PM2.5 were mainly distributed in the northern region, where there is downtown traffic, abundant commercial activity, and more exhaust emissions. A moderate risk zone was located in the southern region associated with some industrial pollution sources, and there were mainly low-risk areas in the western and eastern regions, which are predominantly residential and educational areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China.
| | - Bo Hong
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Liang He
- Xi'an Environmental Monitoring Station, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Fei Cheng
- Forestry College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Peng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Cailiang Wei
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China.
| | - Yunhui Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Liu Z, Pan S, Sun Z, Ma R, Chen L, Wang Y, Wang S. Heavy metal spatial variability and historical changes in the Yangtze River estuary and North Jiangsu tidal flat. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 98:115-129. [PMID: 26159727 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This research focuses on the spatial and temporal patterns of heavy metals from the Yangtze River estuary and the tidal flat of north Jiangsu. Most heavy metals in the surficial sediments after normalization to Ti decreased seaward at the Yangtze River estuary. The core records showed that the heavy metal variations in the last 50years were primarily linked to natural weathering input of trace elements. However, significant heavy metal pollution (mainly Ni, Pb, Cd, Cu and As) were in the two study areas, with anthropogenic inventories accounting for 23-40% percent of the total pollution. Sequential extraction showed that Pb, Cu and Ni were present largely in the non-residual fraction, which indicated the potential bioavailability in the study areas. The SEM/EDS together with sequential extraction facilitated the easy tracing of the origin/sources of heavy metals in a simple way in the estuary and the tidal flat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Shaoming Pan
- The Key Lab of Ministry of Education of Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhuyou Sun
- The Key Lab of Ministry of Education of Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Institute of Marine Geology, East China Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Renfeng Ma
- Coastal Resources and Environment Research Center Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Lanhua Chen
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yanlong Wang
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shuao Wang
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Identification of Major Risk Sources for Surface Water Pollution by Risk Indexes (RI) in the Multi-Provincial Boundary Region of the Taihu Basin, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:10150-70. [PMID: 26308032 PMCID: PMC4555335 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120810150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Environmental safety in multi-district boundary regions has been one of the focuses in China and is mentioned many times in the Environmental Protection Act of 2014. Five types were categorized concerning the risk sources for surface water pollution in the multi-provincial boundary region of the Taihu basin: production enterprises, waste disposal sites, chemical storage sites, agricultural non-point sources and waterway transportations. Considering the hazard of risk sources, the purification property of environmental medium and the vulnerability of risk receptors, 52 specific attributes on the risk levels of each type of risk source were screened out. Continuous piecewise linear function model, expert consultation method and fuzzy integral model were used to calculate the integrated risk indexes (RI) to characterize the risk levels of pollution sources. In the studied area, 2716 pollution sources were characterized by RI values. There were 56 high-risk sources screened out as major risk sources, accounting for about 2% of the total. The numbers of sources with high-moderate, moderate, moderate-low and low pollution risk were 376, 1059, 101 and 1124, respectively, accounting for 14%, 38%, 5% and 41% of the total. The procedure proposed could be included in the integrated risk management systems of the multi-district boundary region of the Taihu basin. It could help decision makers to identify major risk sources in the risk prevention and reduction of surface water pollution.
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Multielement stoichiometry of submerged macrophytes across Yunnan plateau lakes (China). Sci Rep 2015; 5:10186. [PMID: 25970822 PMCID: PMC4429540 DOI: 10.1038/srep10186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stoichiometric homeostasis of element composition is one of the central concepts of ecological stoichiometry. We analyzed concentrations of macroelements (C, N, P, Ca, K, Mg, S), microelements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Zn) and beneficial elements (Na, Se, Si) in submerged macrophytes, water and sediments across 20 Yunnan plateau lakes. We predicted that tissue element composition in submerged macrophytes is affected by lake trophic level and taxonomy, and submerged macrophytes have weak stoichiometric homeostasis for all above 16 elements. Canonical discriminant analyses successfully discriminated among trophic level groups and taxa groups. Of all the elements, C, N, P and S most effectively discriminated among trophic level groups across 20 lakes, revealing lake trophic level mostly affect tissue macroelement composition in submerged macrophytes; while Ca, K and Se most effectively discriminated among submerged macrophytes taxa groups, suggesting taxonomy mostly affect compositions of macroelements and beneficial elements in submerged macrophytes. In addition, the stoichiometric homeostatic coefficient of 1/HCa:C for all five taxa of submerged macrophytes were less than zero, suggesting submerged macrophytes in Yunnan plateau lakes have strong Ca stoichiometric homeostasis. Our findings, not only broaden the knowledge of multielement stoichiometric homeostasis, but also help to choose most appropriate lake management strategy.
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Reyes-Gómez VM, Alarcón-Herrera MT, Gutiérrez M, López DN. Arsenic and fluoride variations in groundwater of an endorheic basin undergoing land-use changes. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 68:292-304. [PMID: 25224991 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-014-0082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The salt content of soil and water in endorheic basins within arid areas greatly restrict agricultural activities. Despite this limitation, these lands are increasingly used to accommodate new settlements and/or agricultural practices. This study focuses on the Laguna El Cuervo closed basin of northern Mexico and its underlying aquifer, which has been found to contain high concentrations of arsenic (As) and fluoride (F). The spatial distribution of As and F, their variations with time, and the impact of drought conditions and land-use changes were investigated using well data collected from a total of 27 wells in 2007, 2010, and 2011 (As data also collected in 2005). Four of these wells were used as monitoring wells. Data also included the As content of 140 surface sediments. Results showed that 54.5 % of the wells surpassed the As limit for drinking water of 0.025 mg L(-1) and that 89.0 % surpassed he F limit of 1.5 mg L(-1). Spatial analyses identified the areas in the center of the basin with the highest content of contaminants. Principal component and correlation analyses showed a co-occurrence of As and F with r = 0.55 for the 2011 data and 0.59 for the combined data. In contrast, the relationship of As and F concentrations to droughts and changes in land use were not as clearly shown, possibly because of the short time this area has been monitored. The high As and F concentrations in the groundwater may be limiting the availability of water within this basin, especially considering the greater groundwater demand foreseen for the future. Water-conservation practices, such as drip irrigation and artificial groundwater recharge, should be considered to maintain groundwater levels supportive of agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor M Reyes-Gómez
- Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Red Ambiente y Sustentabilidad-Chihuahua, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, 31109, Chihuahua, CHIH., Mexico,
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Wang Z, Yao L, Liu G, Liu W. Heavy metals in water, sediments and submerged macrophytes in ponds around the Dianchi Lake, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 107:200-206. [PMID: 25011115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Through retaining runoff and pollutants such as heavy metals from surrounding landscapes, ponds around a lake play an important role in mitigating the impacts of human activities on lake ecosystems. In order to determine the potential for heavy metal accumulation of submerged macrophytes, we investigated the concentrations of 10 heavy metals (i.e., As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in water, sediments, and submerged macrophytes collected from 37 ponds around the Dianchi Lake in China. Our results showed that both water and sediments of these ponds were polluted by Pb. Water and sediments heavy metal concentrations in ponds received urban and agricultural runoff were not significantly higher than those in ponds received forest runoff. This result indicates that a large portion of heavy metals in these ponds may originate from atmospheric deposition and weathering of background soils. Positive relationships were found among heavy metal concentrations in submerged macrophytes, probably due to the coaccumulation of heavy metals. For most heavy metals, no significant relationships were found between submerged macrophytes and their water and sediment environments. The maximum concentrations of Cr, Fe and Ni in Ceratophyllum demersum were 4242, 16,429 and 2662mgkg(-1), respectively. The result suggests that C. demersum is a good candidate species for removing heavy metals from polluted aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Guihua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Wenzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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Heavy metal contamination assessment and partition for industrial and mining gathering areas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:7286-303. [PMID: 25032743 PMCID: PMC4113876 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110707286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Industrial and mining activities have been recognized as the major sources of soil heavy metal contamination. This study introduced an improved Nemerow index method based on the Nemerow and geo-accumulation index. Taking a typical industrial and mining gathering area in Tianjin (China) as example, this study then analyzed the contamination sources as well as the ecological and integrated risks. The spatial distribution of the contamination level and ecological risk were determined using Geographic Information Systems. The results are as follows: (1) Zinc showed the highest contaminant level in the study area; the contamination levels of the other seven heavy metals assessed were relatively lower. (2) The combustion of fossil fuels and emissions from industrial and mining activities were the main sources of contamination in the study area. (3) The overall contamination level of heavy metals in the study area ranged from heavily contaminated to extremely contaminated and showed an uneven distribution. (4) The potential ecological risk showed an uneven distribution, and the overall ecological risk level ranged from low to moderate. This study also emphasized the importance of partition in industrial and mining areas, the extensive application of spatial analysis methods, and the consideration of human health risks in future studies.
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Assessment of elemental contamination in the bottom sediments from a dam reservoir using a sequential extraction technique and chemometric analysis. OPEN CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-013-0334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe concentration of elements in sediments is an important aspect of the quality of water ecosystems. The element concentrations in bottom sediments from Goczalkowice Reservoir, Poland, were investigated to determine the levels, accumulation and distribution of elements; to understand the contamination and potential toxicity of elements; and to trace the possible source of pollution. Sediments were collected from 8 sampling points. The functional speciation, mobility and bioavailability of elements were evaluated by means of modified Tessier sequential extraction. The element contents were measured by optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. The experimental results were analyzed using chemometric methods such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis to elucidate the metal distributions, correlations and associations. The highest concentrations of most elements were found at the center of the reservoir. The distribution of metals in the individual fractions was varied. To assess the extent of anthropogenic impact indices, contamination factor, degree of contamination, metal pollution index and risk assessment code were applied. The calculated factors showed the highest contamination factor and the ability of chromium to be released from sediments. The degree of contamination showed that the area is characterized by a very high contamination. Strontium and manganese showed high potential ecological risk for sediments.
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47
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Xing W, Wu H, Hao B, Liu G. Metal accumulation by submerged macrophytes in eutrophic lakes at the watershed scale. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:6999-7008. [PMID: 23749202 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Metal concentrations (Al, Ba, Ca, K, Li, Mg, Na, Se, Sr and Ti) in submerged macrophytes and corresponding water and sediments were studied in 24 eutrophic lakes along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (China). Results showed that these eutrophic lakes have high metal concentrations in both water and sediments because of human activities. Average concentrations of Al and Na in tissues of submerged macrophytes were very high in sampled eutrophic lakes. By comparison, Ceratophyllum demersum and Najas marina accumulated more metals (e.g. Ba, Ca, K, Mg, Na, Sr and Ti). Strong positive correlations were found between metal concentrations in tissues of submerged macrophytes, probably because of co-accumulation of metals. The concentrations of Li, Mg, Na and Sr in tissues of submerged macrophytes significantly correlated with their corresponding water values, but not sediment values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xing
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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