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Turrisi TB, Bittel KM, West AB, Hojjatinia S, Hojjatinia S, Mama SK, Lagoa CM, Conroy DE. Seasons, weather, and device-measured movement behaviors: a scoping review from 2006 to 2020. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:24. [PMID: 33541375 PMCID: PMC7863471 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This scoping review summarized research on (a) seasonal differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior, and (b) specific weather indices associated with those behaviors. METHODS PubMed, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus were searched to identify relevant studies. After identifying and screening 1459 articles, data were extracted from 110 articles with 118,189 participants from 30 countries (almost exclusively high-income countries) on five continents. RESULTS Both physical activity volume and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were greater in summer than winter. Sedentary behavior was greater in winter than either spring or summer, and insufficient evidence existed to draw conclusions about seasonal differences in light physical activity. Physical activity volume and MVPA duration were positively associated with both the photoperiod and temperature, and negatively associated with precipitation. Sedentary behavior was negatively associated with photoperiod and positively associated with precipitation. Insufficient evidence existed to draw conclusions about light physical activity and specific weather indices. Many weather indices have been neglected in this literature (e.g., air quality, barometric pressure, cloud coverage, humidity, snow, visibility, windchill). CONCLUSIONS The natural environment can influence health by facilitating or inhibiting physical activity. Behavioral interventions should be sensitive to potential weather impacts. Extreme weather conditions brought about by climate change may compromise health-enhancing physical activity in the short term and, over longer periods of time, stimulate human migration in search of more suitable environmental niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor B Turrisi
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kelsey M Bittel
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ashley B West
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | | | - Sahar Hojjatinia
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Scherezade K Mama
- Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Constantino M Lagoa
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - David E Conroy
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Roberts JD, Tehrani SO, Isom R, Stone EA, Brachman ML, Garcia VN. Case-comparison study protocol for gauging effects of neighbourhood trends and sickness: examining the perceptions of transit-Induced gentrification in Prince George's County. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e039733. [PMID: 33046474 PMCID: PMC7552829 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Impoverished neighbourhoods and communities of colour often bear the brunt of unintended transit-oriented development (TOD) impacts. These impacts have been known to come in the form of transit-induced gentrification (TIG), a socioeconomic by-product of TOD defined as a phenomenon that occurs when the provision of transit service, particularly light rail transit (LRT), 'up-scales' nearby neighbourhood(s) and displaces existing residents. Consequently, TIG or even the perception of TIG can impact health outcomes (eg, anxiety) and social determinants of health (SDOH) (eg, crime). METHODS/ANALYSIS In 2022, the purple line (PL), a 16.2 mile LRT line, is opening in Prince George's County, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, DC, comprised of over 80% African American and Hispanic residents. By taking advantage of this natural experiment, we are proposing the GENTS (Gauging Effects of Neighborhood Trends and Sickness: Examining the Perceptions of Transit-Induced Gentrification in Prince George's County) Study in order to evaluate perceived TIG and associated health outcome and SDOH changes, at two points in time, among Prince George's County adults in a prospective case-comparison design during the pre-PL LRT period. Descriptive analysis and latent growth curve modelling will be used to examine these changes over time. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval has been granted by the University of Maryland Institutional Review Board. The GENTS Study will identify temporal changes in perceived TIG, health outcomes and SDOH among case and comparison residents before the completion and operation of the PL LRT, an under researched period of TOD. The dissemination of GENTS Study findings will be able to address research questions and policy issues that are specifically tailored to PG County while also providing more effective procedural solutions for other regions undergoing TOD and TIG risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Roberts
- Kinesiology, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Shadi O Tehrani
- School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Roger Isom
- Kinesiology, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric A Stone
- Kinesiology, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Micah L Brachman
- Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Study on the Characteristics of Urban Residents' Commuting Behavior and Influencing Factors from the Perspective of Resilience Theory: Theoretical Construction and Empirical Analysis from Nanjing, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051475. [PMID: 32106500 PMCID: PMC7084532 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the transitional period of China’s urbanization, commuting problems and demands are diversified and multi-level, so commuting research topics, viewpoints, and analysis paths should be organically combined to dynamically adapt to the complex commuting contradictions. Based on this, this paper introduces the resilience theory to improve the research paradigm of commuting behavior. Taking Nanjing, China as a case study, with the help of the survey data of commuting behavior of typical communities, this paper provides an empirical analysis of the characteristics and influencing factors of urban residents’ commuting behavior from the perspective of resilience theory. The results show that: (1) in the face of commuting pressure, to a large extent, most commuters can still obtain commuting adaptability and a medium level or higher of commuting resilience; and (2) personal attributes, living and employment environment, and commuting environment all have significant heterogeneity effects on commuting pressure, commuting adaptability, and commuting resilience. From the perspective of resilience theory, the means of regulating commuting conflicts are flexible, which can not only directly reduce commuting pressure or optimize commuting adaptability, but also improve commuting resilience according to the specific commuting scenarios constructed by commuting pressure and adaptability. On the whole, the principles of comprehensive improvement, on-demand supply, and dynamic adjustment should be followed.
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Tehrani SO, Wu SJ, Roberts JD. The Color of Health: Residential Segregation, Light Rail Transit Developments, and Gentrification in the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16193683. [PMID: 31574988 PMCID: PMC6801918 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As the modern urban–suburban context becomes increasingly problematic with traffic congestion, air pollution, and increased cost of living, city planners are turning their attention to transit-oriented development as a strategy to promote healthy communities. Transit-oriented developments bring valuable resources and improvements in infrastructure, but they also may be reinforcing decades-old processes of residential segregation, gentrification, and displacement of low-income residents and communities of color. Careful consideration of zoning, neighborhood design, and affordability is vital to mitigating the impacts of transit-induced gentrification, a socioeconomic by-product of transit-oriented development whereby the provision of transit service “upscales” nearby neighborhood(s) and displaces existing community members with more affluent and often White residents. To date, the available research and, thus, overall understanding of transit-induced gentrification and the related social determinants of health are limited and mixed. In this review, an overview of racial residential segregation, light rail transit developments, and gentrification in the United States has been provided. Implications for future transit-oriented developments are also presented along with a discussion of possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi O Tehrani
- School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Shuling J Wu
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Jennifer D Roberts
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Roberts JD, Hu M, Saksvig BI, Brachman ML, Durand CP. Examining the Influence of a New Light Rail Line on the Health of a Demographically Diverse and Understudied Population within the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area: A Protocol for a Natural Experiment Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020333. [PMID: 30720773 PMCID: PMC5858402 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Approximately two-thirds of adults and youth in Prince George's County, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, D.C. are overweight or obese and less than half are achieving daily physical activity recommendations. Active transportation (AT), such as walking, biking or using public transportation (PT), is a strategic pathway to improving physical activity levels and thus reducing excess weight. Utilizing an expansion of the Washington, D.C. area transportation system with a new light rail line, the Purple Line Outcomes on Transportation (PLOT) Study will exam pre- and post-Purple Line PT use, AT behaviors and attitudes and physical activity among Prince George's County adults and youth. The PLOT Study will take advantage of this natural experiment in an area enduring significant racial/ethnic and gender-based overweight or obesity and physical inactivity disparities. While similar natural experiments on AT have been conducted in other U.S. cities, those studies lacked diverse and representative samples. To effectively evaluate these physical activity outcomes among this population, efforts will be used to recruit African American and Latino populations, the first and second most common racial/ethnic groups in Prince George's County. Finally, the PLOT Study will also examine how contextual effects (e.g., neighborhood built environment) impact PT, AT and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Roberts
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Ming Hu
- School of Architecture, Planning & Preservation, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Brit Irene Saksvig
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Micah L Brachman
- Center for Geospatial Information Science, Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Casey P Durand
- Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Knell G, Durand CP, Shuval K, Kohl, III HW, Salvo D, Sener I, Gabriel KP. Transit use and physical activity: Findings from the Houston travel-related activity in neighborhoods (TRAIN) study. Prev Med Rep 2017; 9:55-61. [PMID: 29340271 PMCID: PMC5766755 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transportation-related physical activity can significantly increase daily total physical activity through active transportation or walking/biking to transit stops. The purpose of this study was to assess the relations between transit-use and self-reported and monitor-based physical activity levels in a predominantly minority population from the Houston Travel-Related Activity in Neighborhoods (TRAIN) Study. This was a cross-sectional analysis of 865 adults living in Houston, Texas between 2013 and 2015. The exposure variable was transit-use (non-users, occasional users, and primary users). Self-reported and accelerometer-determined physical activity were the outcomes of interest. Regression models adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and other covariates of interest were built to test the hypothesis that transit user status was directly associated with 1) minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity and 2) the prevalence of achieving the physical activity guidelines. The majority of participants were female, non-Hispanic black, and almost one-third had a high school education or less. After adjustment, primary transit-use was associated with 134.2 (p < 0.01) additional mean minutes per week of self-reported moderate-intensity transportation-related physical activity compared to non-users. Further, primary users had 7.3 (95% CI: 2.6-20.1) times the relative adjusted odds of meeting physical activity recommendations than non-users based on self-reported transportation-related physical activity. There were no statistically significant associations of transit-use with self-reported leisure-time or accelerometer-derived physical activity. Transit-use has the potential for a large public health impact due to its sustainability and scalability. Therefore, encouraging the use of transit as a means to promote physical activity should be examined in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Knell
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health, 7000 Fannin, #2528, Houston, TX 77030, United States
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health in Austin, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701, United States
- Corresponding author at: Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health, 7000 Fannin, #2528, Houston, TX 77030, United States.Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health7000 Fannin#2528HoustonTX77030United States
| | - Casey P. Durand
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health, 7000 Fannin, #2528, Houston, TX 77030, United States
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health in Austin, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701, United States
| | - Kerem Shuval
- Department of Intramural Research, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams St NW, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Harold W. Kohl, III
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health in Austin, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health in Austin, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701, United States
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speedway, Stop D5000, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health in Austin, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health in Austin, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701, United States
| | - Ipek Sener
- Texas A&M Transportation Institute, 505 E Huntland Dr, Suite 455, Austin, TX 78752, United States
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health in Austin, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) at Houston School of Public Health in Austin, 1616 Guadalupe St, Suite 6.300, Austin, TX 78701, United States
- Department of Women's Health, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1501 Red River Street, Austin, TX 78712, United States
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Sener IN, Lee RJ, Elgart Z. Potential Health Implications and Health Cost Reductions of Transit-Induced Physical Activity. JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH 2016; 3:133-140. [PMID: 27347481 PMCID: PMC4917017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Transit has the potential to increase an individual's level of physical activity due to the need to walk or bike at the beginning and end of each trip. Consideration of these health benefits would allow transit proponents to better demonstrate its true costs and benefits. In light of transit's potential health-related impacts, this study contributes to the growing discussion in the emerging field of health and transportation by providing a review of the current level of understanding and evidence related to the physical activity implications of transit use and its associated health cost benefits. Findings from the review revealed that transit use is associated with increased levels of physical activity and improved health outcomes, but the magnitude of these effects is uncertain. There were few studies that estimated the health care cost savings of transit systems, and those that did tended to be imprecise and simplistic. Objective physical activity measures and frequency-based transit measures would allow for greater consistency across studies and help more directly attribute physical activity gains to transit ridership. Additionally, research in this area would benefit from disaggregate estimation techniques and more robust health datasets that can be better linked with existing transit data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipek N. Sener
- Texas A&M Transportation Institute, 505 E. Huntland Dr., Suite 455, Austin, TX 78752, USA
| | - Richard J. Lee
- Texas A&M Transportation Institute, 505 E. Huntland Dr., Suite 455, Austin, TX 78752, USA
| | - Zachary Elgart
- Texas A&M Transportation Institute, 701 North Post Oak Rd., Suite 430, Houston, TX 77024, USA
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Feng J. The Built Environment and Active Travel: Evidence from Nanjing, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:E301. [PMID: 27005645 PMCID: PMC4808964 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13030301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An established relationship exists between the built environment and active travel. Nevertheless, the literature examining the impacts of different components of the built environment is limited. In addition, most existing studies are based on data from cities in the U.S. and Western Europe. The situation in Chinese cities remains largely unknown. Based on data from Nanjing, China, this study explicitly examines the influences of two components of the built environment--the neighborhood form and street form--on residents' active travel. METHODS Binary logistic regression analyses examined the effects of the neighborhood form and street form on subsistence, maintenance and discretionary travel, respectively. For each travel purpose, three models are explored: a model with only socio-demographics, a model with variables of the neighborhood form and a complete model with all variables. RESULTS The model fit indicator, Nagelkerke's ρ², increased by 0.024 when neighborhood form variables are included and increased by 0.070 when street form variables are taken into account. A similar situation can be found in the models of maintenance activities and discretionary activities. Regarding specific variables, very limited significant impacts of the neighborhood form variables are observed, while almost all of the characteristics of the street form show significant influences on active transport. CONCLUSIONS In Nanjing, street form factors have a more profound influence on active travel than neighborhood form factors. The focal point of the land use regulations and policy of local governments should shift from the neighborhood form to the street form to maximize the effects of policy interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxi Feng
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, Hankou Road 22, Nanjing 210093, China.
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