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Raj J, Farkaš H, Jakovčević Z, Vasiljević M, Kumar R, Asrani RK. Effects of supplemented multicomponent mycotoxin detoxifying agent in laying hens fed aflatoxin B1 and T2-toxin contaminated feeds. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102795. [PMID: 37327744 PMCID: PMC10404769 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the ability of multicomponent mycotoxin detoxifying agent (MMDA) in feed to prevent the gastrointestinal absorption of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and T2-toxin supplemented via spiked maize. For comparisons, hens were fed with uncontaminated basal diet without or with addition of MMDA at 2 g/kg feed. The trial consisted of 105 laying hens (Lohmann Brown) without obvious signs of disease allocated to 7 treatment groups in 35 pens. Responses were demonstrated on laying performance and health status throughout the 42 d experimental period. The results of laying performance indicated significantly decreased egg mass with increasing mycotoxin (AFB1 and T2-toxin) levels up to the maximum tolerated dosage, however simultaneous presence of MMDA laying performance was slightly modified linearly to increasing application. Dose-dependent pathological changes in liver and kidneys and their relative weights, changes in blood parameters and reduced eggshell weights were observed in the hens fed AFB1 and T2-toxin. The pathological changes in the hens fed with diets containing AFB1 and T2-toxin without MMDA were significantly higher as compared with the control group, but eggshell stability was not affected. The contents of AFB1, T2-toxin and their metabolites in liver and kidney tissues were significantly decreased in the hens supplemented with MMDA at 2 and 3 g/kg in feed. MMDA supplementation significantly reduced the deposition of AFB1, T2-toxin and their metabolites in liver and kidneys at the maximum tolerated dosage (2 and 3 g/kg) indicating specific binding to AFB1 and T2-toxin in the digestive tract as compared to the corresponding diets without MMDA. Exposure of AFB1 and T2-toxin indicated significantly decreased egg mass with increasing mycotoxin levels up to the maximum tolerated dosage because of the significantly reduced egg production. Therefore, in this study, MMDA could reduce negative effects of feeding AFB1 and T-2 to laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jog Raj
- Patent Co, DOO., Vlade Ćetković 1A, Mišićevo 24211, Serbia.
| | - Hunor Farkaš
- Patent Co, DOO., Vlade Ćetković 1A, Mišićevo 24211, Serbia
| | | | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, DGCN College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176062, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Asrani
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, DGCN College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176062, India
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Wang Y, Song M, Wang Q, Guo C, Zhang J, Zhang X, Cui Y, Cao Z, Li Y. PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is activated to protect against AFB 1-induced kidney damage in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 358:109884. [PMID: 35304092 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a toxic food pollutant that has extensive deleterious impacts on the kidney. Oxidative stress represents the primary mechanism of AFB1 nephrotoxicity and can also cause mitochondrial damage. Damaged mitochondria can trigger apoptosis leading to kidney injury. PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy can alleviate mitochondrial injury to maintain cellular homeostasis, however, its role in AFB1-induced kidney damage is unknown. To investigate the effect of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy on kidney impairment triggered by AFB1, 40 male wild-type (WT) C57BL/6N mice were first assigned to 4 groups and orally exposed to AFB1 at 0, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg/kg body weight (BW) for 28 days. The results revealed that AFB1 induced kidney damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, apoptosis and activated PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy with a dose-dependent effect. Then, 20 male WT C57BL/6N mice and 20 male Parkin knockout (Parkin-/-) C57BL/6N mice were assigned to 4 groups and orally exposed to AFB1 at 0, 1, 0, and 1 mg/kg BW for 28 days. The results revealed that Parkin-/- suppressed mitophagy and exacerbated kidney damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis under AFB1 exposure. The aforementioned evidences demonstrate that PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is activated by AFB1 and protects against kidney damage in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Miao Song
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Chen Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xuliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yilong Cui
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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3
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Noruzi S, Torki M, Mohammadi H. Effects of supplementing diet with Thyme (Thymuas vulgaris L.) essential oil and/or selenium yeast on production performance and blood variables of broiler chickens. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:1137-1145. [PMID: 35077017 PMCID: PMC9122464 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Organic products for animals are becoming more widely accepted by consumers. Using herbal additives may lead to more healthy animal products. In this research, it is hypothesized that thyme essential oil (TEO) and/or selenium yeast (SY) would be helpful to enhance production performance in broilers. Objective In the current study, the effects of adding TEO and/or SY to the diet on broiler performance and blood parameters were evaluated in broiler chickens. Methods A total of 480 chicks were distributed in 24 cages with 20 chicks (10 males and 10 females) each and assigned to be fed four iso‐caloric and iso‐nitrogenous diets including two levels (0 and 250 mg/kg) of TEO and two levels (0 and 0.3 mg/kg) of SY in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with six replicates. Results Adding SY significantly decreased feed intake in finishing period (22–42 d) (p < 0.05). Supplementation with SY and TEO significantly decreased plasma uric acid and triglyceride levels, respectively (p < 0.05). However, neither of the supplements had any influence on the plasma glucose and albumin levels (p > 0.05). The lowest level of plasma cholesterol was detected in the birds fed the TEO‐supplemented diet (p < 0.05). Addition of SY significantly increased blood glutathione peroxidase activity (p < 0.05). Conclusions Dietary supplemental TEO has a favourable effect on feed intake, weight gain, and body weight values. Besides, SY may decrease blood concentration of uric acid, as well as blood glutathione peroxidase activity. An interaction is detected between TEO and SY on blood cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokufe Noruzi
- Animal Science Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehran Torki
- Animal Science Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Cheng P, Ishfaq M, Yu H, Yang Y, Li S, Li X, Fazlani SA, Guo W, Zhang X. Curcumin ameliorates duodenal toxicity of AFB1 in chicken through inducing P-glycoprotein and downregulating cytochrome P450 enzymes. Poult Sci 2020; 99:7035-7045. [PMID: 33248620 PMCID: PMC7705060 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that oral intake of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-contaminated feed could cause acute, sub-chronic, or chronic toxicity in livestock and poultry. However, the harmful effect of AFB1 on the small intestine is still controversial. Therefore, blocking the entry of AFB1 into the body through the digestive tract is one of the important methods to prevent its toxicity. In the present study, 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into 6 groups including control group, curcumin control group (450 mg curcumin/kg feed), curcumin low-, medium-, and high-dose group (150, 300, and 450 mg curcumin/kg feed + 5 mg AFB1/kg feed), and AFB1 group (5 mg AFB1/kg feed). After 28 d, the samples of chickens' duodenums were collected for further analyses. AFB1 caused abnormal functional and morphological changes in the duodenum, including histological lesions, increased the length of the duodenum and depth of crypt, decreased the unit weight of the duodenum, height of villus, and the value of villus height/crypt depth. Meanwhile, AFB1 administration enhanced malonaldehyde activity, 8-HOdG level, and the mRNA expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes, and reduced superoxide dismutase, catalase, adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity and the mRNA expression of Abcb1. Importantly, curcumin supplementation partially ameliorated AFB1-induced abnormal functional and morphological signs of the duodenum, alleviated AFB1-induced oxidative stress, and decreased the mRNA expression of CYP450 enzymes. Furthermore, curcumin ameliorated AFB1-induced decrease in the Abcb1 mRNA expression, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) level, and ATPase activities. It has been suggested from these results that curcumin supplementation in the feed could ameliorate AFB1-induced duodenal toxicity and damage through downregulating CYP450 enzymes, promoting ATPase activities, and inducing P-gp in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cheng
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, P R China
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, P R China
| | - Hongxiao Yu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, P R China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Pharmacology Teaching and Research Department, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, P R China
| | - Sihong Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, P R China
| | - Xiaotin Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, P R China
| | - Saqib Ali Fazlani
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, P R China
| | - Wenxin Guo
- Technical Identification Department of Agricultural Products and Veterinary Medicine Feed, Heilongjiang Institute of Veterinary Drug and Feed Control, Harbin, P R China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, P R China.
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5
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Guan K, Li H, Zuo Z, Wang F, Hu P, Peng X, Fang J, Cui H, Shu G, Ouyang P. The Molecular Mechanisms of Protective Role of Se on the G 0/G 1 Phase Arrest Caused by AFB 1 in Broiler's Thymocytes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 189:556-566. [PMID: 30203223 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1491-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This research was designed to explore the protective effects of sodium selenite on G0/G1 phase arrest induced by AFB1 in thymocytes of broilers. Two hundred eighty-eight Cobb broilers were divided into control group, + Se group (0.4 mg/kg Se), AFB1 group (0.6 mg/kg AFB1), and AFB1 + Se group (0.6 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.4 mg/kg Se). The results revealed that 0.4 mg/kg Se supplement in diets could improve the AFB1-induced histological lesions in the thymus consisting of the more vacuoles and nuclear debris in thymic cortical area. The results of flow cytometric detect showed that 0.4 mg/kg Se relieved the G0/G1 phase arrest caused by AFB1 in thymocytes. The results of transcription levels of ATM, p53, p21, p27, p15, p16, CyclinD1, CyclinE, Cdk6, Cdk2, and PCNA genes by qRT-PC, and protein expression level of PCNA by immunohistochemistry demonstrated that 0.4 mg/kg Se could reduce the adverse effects of AFB1 on these parameters. In conclusion, Se could relieve AFB1-induced G0/G1 phase arrest by p15 (or p16)-CyclinD1/Cdk6, ATM-p53-p21-CyclinE/Cdk2, p27-CyclinE/Cdk2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Guan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Peng
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hengmin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Shu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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6
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Fouad AM, Ruan D, El-Senousey HK, Chen W, Jiang S, Zheng C. Harmful Effects and Control Strategies of Aflatoxin B₁ Produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus Strains on Poultry: Review. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E176. [PMID: 30909549 PMCID: PMC6468546 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) in poultry diets decreases the hatchability, hatchling weight, growth rate, meat and egg production, meat and egg quality, vaccination efficiency, as well as impairing the feed conversion ratio and increasing the susceptibility of birds to disease and mortality. AFB₁ is transferred from poultry feed to eggs, meat, and other edible parts, representing a threat to the health of consumers because AFB₁ is carcinogenic and implicated in human liver cancer. This review considers how AFB₁ produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus strains can affect the immune system, antioxidant defense system, digestive system, and reproductive system in poultry, as well as its effects on productivity and reproductive performance. Nutritional factors can offset the effects of AFB₁ in poultry and, thus, it is necessary to identify and select suitable additives to address the problems caused by AFB₁ in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohamed Fouad
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Dong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - HebatAllah Kasem El-Senousey
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Shouqun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Chuntian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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7
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Souza CF, Baldissera MD, Zeppenfeld CC, Descovi S, Stefani LM, Baldisserotto B, da Silva AS. Oxidative stress mediated the inhibition of cerebral creatine kinase activity in silver catfish fed with aflatoxin B 1-contaminated diet. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:63-70. [PMID: 29978351 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0534-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is an environmental toxicant and neurotoxic compound that induces the production of free radicals, causing oxidative stress. Creatine kinase (CK) is a central controller of energy metabolism in tissues with a large and fluctuating energy demand, and it is highly susceptible to inactivation by free radicals and oxidative damage. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether a diet for freshwater silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) containing AFB1 inhibits cerebral CK activity, as well as the involvement of the oxidative stress on this inhibition. Brain CK activity was lower on days 14 and 21 post-feeding in animals that received AFB1-contaminated diet compared to the control group (basal diet), similarly to the brain sodium-potassium pump (Na+, K+-ATPase) activity. On the other hand, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation levels were higher on days 14 and 21 post-feeding in animals fed with AFB1-contaminated feed compared to the control group, while the antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals and thiol content was lower. Based on these evidences, the data demonstrated that diet containing AFB1 severely affects CK activity, an essential enzyme that plays an important role in brain energy homeostasis. Also, the impairment of energetic homeostasis linked with the use and generation of ATP via inhibition of CK activity elicited an inhibition of enzymes ATP-dependent, such as Na+, K+-ATPase. Moreover, the inhibition of brain CK activity appears to be mediated by the oxidation of lipids, proteins, and thiol group, as well as by a reduction in the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carla C Zeppenfeld
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sharine Descovi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lenita M Stefani
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, RS, Brazil
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8
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Li H, Guan K, Zuo Z, Wang F, Peng X, Fang J, Cui H, Zhou Y, Ouyang P, Su G, Chen Z. Effects of aflatoxin B 1 on the cell cycle distribution of splenocytes in chickens. J Toxicol Pathol 2019; 32:27-36. [PMID: 30739993 PMCID: PMC6361662 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2018-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the cell cycle and proliferation of splenic cells in chickens. A total of 144 one-day-old Cobb male chickens were randomly divided into 2 equal groups of 72 each and were fed on diets as follows: a control diet and a 0.6 mg/kg AFB1 diet for 21 days. The AFB1 diet reduced body weight, absolute weight and relative weight of the spleen in broilers. Histopathological lesions in AFB1 groups were characterized as slight congestion in red pulp and lymphocytic depletion in white pulp. Compared with the control group, the expression levels of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), cyclin E1, cyclin-dependent kinases 6 (CDK6), CDK2, p53, p21 and cyclin B3 mRNA were significantly increased, while the mRNA expression levels of cyclin D1, cdc2 (CDK1), p16, p15 were significantly decreased in the AFB1 groups. Significantly decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and arrested G0G1 phases of the cell cycle were also seen in the AFB1 groups. In conclusion, dietary AFB1 could induce cell cycle blockage at G0G1 phase and impair the immune function of the spleen. Cyclin D1/CDK6 complex, which inhibits the activin/nodal signaling pathway, might play a significant role in the cell cycle arrest induced by AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards
of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.
211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural
University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R.
China
| | - Ke Guan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards
of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.
211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural
University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R.
China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards
of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.
211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural
University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R.
China
| | - Fengyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards
of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.
211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural
University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R.
China
| | - Xi Peng
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, No.
1 Shida Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan 637002, P.R. China
| | - Jing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards
of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.
211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural
University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R.
China
| | - Hengmin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards
of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.
211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural
University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R.
China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Life science department, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.
211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Ya’an, Sichuan 625014, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural
University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R.
China
| | - Gang Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural
University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R.
China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural
University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P.R.
China
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Prakoso YA, Puspitasari, Rini CS, Aliviameita A, Salasia SIO, Kurniasih, Ikram AFD, Walalangi B, Utama KP, Al Huda MF, Su'udiyah NA. The Role of Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. Leaf Powder in the Broiler Chickens Fed a Diet Naturally Contaminated with Aflatoxin. J Toxicol 2018; 2018:2069073. [PMID: 30364039 PMCID: PMC6188729 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2069073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin (AF) is the secondary metabolite of Aspergillus flavus and commonly contaminates feed during storage. AF causes lowered growth rate, stress, and increased mortality in the poultry, especially for broiler industries. The aims of this study are to determine the effects of Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. leaf powder (SAP) in the chickens fed a diet naturally contaminated with AF. A total of 108 chickens are divided into 6 group: group I fed with basal diet (AF not detectable); group II fed with basal diet (AF not detectable) + 5% SAP; group III with AF (>1 ppb <50 ppb); group IV with AF (>1 ppb <50 ppb) + 5% SAP; group V with AF (>51 ppb <100 ppb) + 5% SAP; group VI with AF (>101 ppb <150 ppb) + 5% SAP. The data of the body weight, feed intake and efficiency, the relative weight of liver, kidney, spleen, bursa of Fabricius (BF), histopathology, haematological profile, haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer, AF residue, and immunohistochemistry are collected on days 7, 14, and 21. All the data were analysed using SPSS 16. The supplementation of 5% SAP in the chickens fed a diet naturally contaminated with AF showed the potential effects of the body weight performance, haematological profile protection, increase in the cellular and humoral immune responses, reduction of AF residue in the organ, protection of liver, kidney, spleen, and BF histopathology, and increase in the immune-expression of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes ratio (P < 0.05). It shows that 5% SAP can be used as the alternative herbal supplementation to depress the impacts of aflatoxicosis in the broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yos Adi Prakoso
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Puspitasari
- Integrated Laboratory, Faculty of Health, University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Chylen Setiyo Rini
- Integrated Laboratory, Faculty of Health, University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Andika Aliviameita
- Integrated Laboratory, Faculty of Health, University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Siti Isrina Oktavia Salasia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kurniasih
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Fadhli Dzil Ikram
- Undergraduate Student, Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health, University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Baristha Walalangi
- Undergraduate Student, Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health, University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Kukuh Priya Utama
- Undergraduate Student, Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health, University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Fajar Al Huda
- Undergraduate Student, Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health, University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Neneng Ayu Su'udiyah
- Undergraduate Student, Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health, University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia
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Limaye A, Yu RC, Chou CC, Liu JR, Cheng KC. Protective and Detoxifying Effects Conferred by Dietary Selenium and Curcumin against AFB1-Mediated Toxicity in Livestock: A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E25. [PMID: 29301315 PMCID: PMC5793112 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), among other aflatoxins of the aflatoxin family, is the most carcinogenic and hazardous mycotoxin to animals and human beings with very high potency leading to aflatoxicosis. Selenium is an essential trace mineral possessing powerful antioxidant functions. Selenium is widely reported as an effective antioxidant against aflatoxicosis. By preventing oxidative liver damage, suppressing pro-apoptotic proteins and improving immune status in AFB1 affected animals; selenium confers specific protection against AFB1 toxicity. Meticulous supplementation of animal feed by elemental selenium in the organic and inorganic forms has proven to be effective to ameliorate AFB1 toxicity. Curcumin is another dietary agent of importance in tackling aflatoxicosis. Curcumin is one of the major active ingredients in the tubers of a spice Curcuma longa L., a widely reported antioxidant, anticarcinogenic agent with reported protective potential against aflatoxin-mediated liver damage. Curcumin restricts the aflatoxigenic potential of Aspergillusflavus. Curcumin inhibits cytochrome P450 isoenzymes, particularly CYP2A6 isoform; thereby reducing the formation of AFB1-8, 9-epoxide and other toxic metabolites causing aflatoxicosis. In this review, we have briefly reviewed important aflatoxicosis symptoms among animals. With the main focus on curcumin and selenium, we have reviewed their underlying protective mechanisms in different animals along with their extraction and production methods for feed applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Limaye
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Roch-Chui Yu
- Graduate Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chun Chou
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Je-Ruei Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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Ishikawa AT, Hirooka EY, Alvares E Silva PL, Bracarense APFRL, Flaiban KKMDC, Akagi CY, Kawamura O, Costa MCD, Itano EN. Impact of a Single Oral Acute Dose of Aflatoxin B₁ on Liver Function/Cytokines and the Lymphoproliferative Response in C57Bl/6 Mice. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:E374. [PMID: 29149046 PMCID: PMC5705989 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9110374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), a mycotoxin found in food and feed, exerts harmful effects on humans and animals. The liver is the earliest target of AFB₁, and its effects have been evaluated in animal models exposed to acute or chronic doses. Considering the possibility of sporadic ingestion of AFB₁-contaminated food, this study investigated the impact of a single oral dose of AFB₁ on liver function/cytokines and the lymphoproliferative response in mice. C57BL/6 mice were treated with a single oral AFB₁ dose (44, 442 or 663 μg AFB₁/kg of body weight) on the first day. Liver function (ALT, γ-GT, and total protein), cytokines (IL-4, IFN-γ, and IL-17), histopathology, and the spleen lymphoproliferative response to mitogens were evaluated on the 5th day. Although AFB₁ did not produce any significant changes in the biochemical parameters, 663 μg AFB₁/kg-induced hepatic upregulation of IL-4 and IFN-γ, along with liver tissue injury and suppression of the lymphoproliferative response to ConA (p < 0.05). In conclusion, a single oral dose of AFB₁ exposure can induce liver tissue lesions, liver cytokine modulation, and immune suppression in C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Tieme Ishikawa
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, P.O. Box 10.011, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Elisa Yoko Hirooka
- Department of Food Science and Technology, State University of Londrina, P.O. Box 10.011, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Claudia Yuri Akagi
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, P.O. Box 10.011, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Osamu Kawamura
- Food Hygiene Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho 761-0795, Kagawa, Japan.
| | - Marcio Carvalho da Costa
- Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, University of Montreal, 3200 Rue Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada.
| | - Eiko Nakagawa Itano
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, P.O. Box 10.011, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil.
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Liu J, Song WJ, Zhang NY, Tan J, Krumm C, Sun LH, Qi DS. Biodetoxification of aflatoxin B1 in cottonseed meal by fermentation of Cellulosimicrobium funkei in duckling diet. Poult Sci 2017; 96:923-930. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Chen X, Che C, Korolchuk VI, Gan F, Pan C, Huang K. Selenomethionine Alleviates AFB1-Induced Damage in Primary Chicken Hepatocytes by Inhibiting CYP450 1A5 Expression via Upregulated SelW Expression. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:2495-2502. [PMID: 28285519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of selenomethionine (SeMet) on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced hepatotoxicity in primary chicken hepatocytes. Cell viability and lactic dehydrogenase activity assays revealed the dose dependence of AFB1 toxicity to chicken hepatocytes. AFB1 concentrations of >0.05 μg/mL significantly reduced glutathione and total superoxide dismutase levels and increased the malondialdehyde concentration and cytochrome P450 enzyme 1A5 (CYP450 1A5) mRNA levels (P < 0.05). AFB1, however, did not affect CYP450 3A37 mRNA levels. Supplementation with 2 μM SeMet protected against AFB1-induced changes and significantly increased selenoprotein W (SelW) mRNA levels (P < 0.05). Additionally, SelW knockdown attenuated the protective effect of SeMet on AFB1-induced damage and significantly increased the level of CYP450 1A5 expression (P < 0.05). Therefore, SeMet alleviates AFB1-induced damage in primary chicken hepatocytes by improving SelW expression, thus inhibiting CYP450 1A5 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Chaoping Che
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Viktor I Korolchuk
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, U.K
| | - Fang Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Cuiling Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
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The Protective Effect of Selenium on Chronic Zearalenone-Induced Reproductive System Damage in Male Mice. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21121687. [PMID: 27941626 PMCID: PMC6274099 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the protective effect of selenium (Se) on chronic zearalenone (ZEN)-induced reproductive system damage in male mice and the possible protective molecular mechanism against this. The chronic ZEN-induced injury mouse model was established with the continuous intragastric administration of 40 mg/kg body mass (B.M.) ZEN for 28 days. Then, interventions with different doses (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg B.M.) of Se were conducted on mice to analyse the changes in organ indexes of epididymis and testis, antioxidant capability of testis, serum level of testosterone, sperm concentration and motility parameters, and the expression levels of apoptosis-associated genes and blood testis barrier- (BTB) related genes. Our results showed that Se could greatly improve the ZEN-induced decrease of epididymis indexes and testis indexes. Results also showed that the decrease in sperm concentration, sperm normality rate, and sperm motility parameters, including percentage of motile sperm (motile), tropism percentage (progressive) and sperm average path velocity (VAP), caused by ZEN were elevated upon administration of the higher dose (0.4 mg/kg) and intermediate dose (0.2 mg/kg) of Se. Selenium also significantly reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) but enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the testis tissue. Further research demonstrated that ZEN increased the level of mRNA expression of BCL2-associated X protein (Bax) and caspase 3 (Casp3), decreased the level of mRNA expression of B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), vimentin (Vim) and cadherin 2 (Cdh2), whereas the co-administration of Se reversed these gene expression levels. Our results indicated that high levels of Se could protect against reproductive system damage in male mice caused by ZEN and the mechanism might such be that Se improved mice antioxidant ability, inhibited reproductive cell apoptosis, and increased the decrease of BTB integrity-related genes caused by ZEN.
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