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Zou X, Tang Q, Ojiro R, Ozawa S, Shobudani M, Sakamaki Y, Ebizuka Y, Jin M, Yoshida T, Shibutani M. Increased spontaneous activity and progressive suppression of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus of rat offspring after maternal exposure to imidacloprid. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 399:111145. [PMID: 39002876 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Imidacloprid (IMI) is a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide that poses risks for developmental neurotoxicity in mammals. The present study investigated the effects of maternal exposure to IMI on behaviors and adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of rat offspring. Dams were exposed to IMI via diet (83, 250, or 750 ppm in diet) from gestational day 6 until day 21 post-delivery on weaning, and offspring were maintained until adulthood on postnatal day 77. In the neurogenic niche, 750-ppm IMI decreased numbers of late-stage neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and post-mitotic immature granule cells by suppressing NPC proliferation and ERK1/2-FOS-mediated synaptic plasticity of granule cells on weaning. Suppressed reelin signaling might be responsible for the observed reductions of neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. In adulthood, IMI at ≥ 250 ppm decreased neural stem cells by suppressing their proliferation and increasing apoptosis, and mature granule cells were reduced due to suppressed NPC differentiation. Behavioral tests revealed increased spontaneous activity in adulthood at 750 ppm. IMI decreased hippocampal acetylcholinesterase activity and Chrnb2 transcript levels in the DG on weaning and in adulthood. IMI increased numbers of astrocytes and M1-type microglia in the DG hilus, and upregulated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress-related genes on weaning. In adulthood, IMI increased malondialdehyde level and number of M1-type microglia, and downregulated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress-related genes. These results suggest that IMI persistently affected cholinergic signaling, induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress during exposure, and increased sensitivity to oxidative stress after exposure in the hippocampus, causing hyperactivity and progressive suppression of neurogenesis in adulthood. The no-observed-adverse-effect level of IMI for offspring behaviors and hippocampal neurogenesis was determined to be 83 ppm (5.5-14.1 mg/kg body weight/day).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zou
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Qian Tang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Ryota Ojiro
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Ozawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Momoka Shobudani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Yuri Sakamaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Yuri Ebizuka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Meilan Jin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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HARA Y, SHODA A, YONOICHI S, ISHIDA Y, MURATA M, KIMURA M, ITO M, NUNOBIKI S, YOSHIMOTO A, MANTANI Y, YOKOYAMA T, HIRANO T, IKENAKA Y, TABUCHI Y, HOSHI N. No-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) clothianidin, a neonicotinoid pesticide, impairs hippocampal memory and motor learning associated with alteration of gene expression in cerebellum. J Vet Med Sci 2024; 86:340-348. [PMID: 38311399 PMCID: PMC10963099 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonicotinoid pesticides (NNs) have been associated with numerous neurobehavioral effects in rodents, raising concerns about their impact on cognitive function. Clothianidin (CLO), a type of NN, was orally administered to male mice (10 weeks old, C57BL/6N) at the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of 50 mg/kg/day as indicated in the pesticide risk assessment report. Behavioral tests (novel location recognition and rotarod tests) evaluated hippocampal memory and cerebellar motor learning. After each test, plasma monoamines (3-methoxytyramine, histamine, serotonin, tryptamine) were measured by LC-ESI/MS/MS (Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry), and cerebellar mRNA expression was quantified by microarray and qRT-PCR analyses. The NOAEL of CLO was found to impair hippocampal memory, leading to decreased spontaneous locomotor activity and motor function. We reported, for the first time, multiple alterations of gene expression in the cerebellum associated with motor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako HARA
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Asuka SHODA
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Sakura YONOICHI
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuya ISHIDA
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Midori MURATA
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mako KIMURA
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Makiko ITO
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Sarika NUNOBIKI
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ayano YOSHIMOTO
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Youhei MANTANI
- Laboratory of Histophysiology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi YOKOYAMA
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tetsushi HIRANO
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoshinori IKENAKA
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
- Translational Research Unit, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Yoshiaki TABUCHI
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko HOSHI
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
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Benchikh I, Ziani K, Gonzalez Mateos A, Khaled BM. Non-acute exposure of neonicotinoids, health risk assessment, and evidence integration: a systematic review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:194-213. [PMID: 38470098 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2310593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid pesticides are utilized against an extensive range of insects. A growing body of evidence supports that these neuro-active insecticides are classified as toxicants in invertebrates. However, there is limited published data regarding their toxicity in vertebrates and mammals. the current systematic review is focused on the up-to-date knowledge available for several neonicotinoid pesticides and their non-acute toxicity on rodents and human physiology. Oral lethal dose 50 (LD50) of seven neonicotinoids (i.e. imidacloprid, acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, and nitenpyram) was initially identified. Subsequently, a screening of the literature was conducted to collect information about non-acute exposure to these insecticides. 99 studies were included and assessed for their risk of bias and level of evidence according to the Office of Health and Translation (OHAT) framework. All the 99 included papers indicate evidence of reproductive toxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and oxidative stress induction with a high level of evidence in the health effect of rodents and a moderate level of evidence for human health. The most studied type of these insecticides among 99 papers was imidacloprid (55 papers), followed by acetamiprid (22 papers), clothianidin (21 papers), and thiacloprid (11 papers). While 10 of 99 papers assessed the relationship between clothianidin, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, and nitenpyram, showing evidence of liver injury, dysfunctions of oxidative stress markers in the reproductive system, and intestinal toxicity. This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of the potential risks caused by neonicotinoid insecticides to humans and rodents with salient health effects. However, further research is needed to better emphasize and understand the patho-physiological mechanisms of these insecticides, taking into account various factors that can influence their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Benchikh
- Laboratory of Applied Hydrology and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Belhadj Bouchaib University, Ain Témouchent, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Nutrition, Pathologie, Agro-Biotechnologie et Santé (Lab-NuPABS), Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Djillali Liabès University, Sidi-Bel-Abbès, Algeria
| | - Kaddour Ziani
- Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Valorization of Plants, Department of Biology, University of Saida-Dr. Taher Moulay, Saida, Algeria
| | - Antonio Gonzalez Mateos
- Department of Physiology, Cell Biology and Communication Research Group, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Boumediène Méghit Khaled
- Laboratoire de Nutrition, Pathologie, Agro-Biotechnologie et Santé (Lab-NuPABS), Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Djillali Liabès University, Sidi-Bel-Abbès, Algeria
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Kai H, Mita A, Yamaguchi M. Effects of Neonicotinoid Pesticide Metabolic Compounds on Medaka ( Oryzias latipes) Embryo Development. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1460. [PMID: 38132286 PMCID: PMC10740882 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids, including imidacloprid, are pesticides that resemble nicotine and undergo slight chemical alterations through metabolic changes in the environment. However, the effects of these metabolites on organisms remain unknown. In this study, we assessed the developmental processes of medaka embryos exposed to neonicotinoid metabolites. The target compounds were imidacloprid metabolites: 2-chloro-5-pyridine carbaldehyde (CPC) and 6-chloronicotinic acid (6-CNA). Medaka embryos within 6 h of fertilization were exposed to the compounds, and their developmental processes were observed under a stereomicroscope. Medaka embryos exposed to 5 mg/L CPC showed no abnormalities compared to the controls. Contrastingly, medaka embryos exposed to 10, 15, and 20 mg/L CPC showed abnormalities such as thrombus formation, asymmetry, disorganized development of the eyeballs, and low blood flow. This trend was more pronounced at higher CPC concentrations. On the other hand, embryos exposed to 80 and 160 mg/L 6-CNA showed no abnormalities until day 7 of exposure. However, on day 8 of exposure, sudden embryo death was observed. Both compounds may have bound to acetylcholine receptors as agonists; however, their effects were different. CPC caused abnormal development and 6-CNA caused inhibition of hatching gland development and/or synthesis of the hatching enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hotaka Kai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Suzuka College, Shiroko-Cho, Suzuka 510-0294, Mie, Japan
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Fucic A, Mantovani A, Vena J, Bloom MS, Sincic N, Vazquez M, Aguado-Sierra J. Impact of endocrine disruptors from mother's diet on immuno-hormonal orchestration of brain development and introduction of the virtual human twin tool. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 117:108357. [PMID: 36863570 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Diet has long been known to modify physiology during development and adulthood. However, due to a growing number of manufactured contaminants and additives over the last few decades, diet has increasingly become a source of exposure to chemicals that has been associated with adverse health risks. Sources of food contaminants include the environment, crops treated with agrochemicals, inappropriate storage (e.g., mycotoxins) and migration of xenobiotics from food packaging and food production equipment. Hence, consumers are exposed to a mixture of xenobiotics, some of which are endocrine disruptors (EDs). The complex interactions between immune function and brain development and their orchestration by steroid hormones are insufficiently understood in human populations, and little is known about the impact on immune-brain interactions by transplacental fetal exposure to EDs via maternal diet. To help to identify the key data gaps, this paper aims to present (a) how transplacental EDs modify immune system and brain development, and (b) how these mechanisms may correlate with diseases such as autism and disturbances of lateral brain development. Attention is given to disturbances of the subplate, a transient structure of crucial significance in brain development. Additionally, we describe cutting edge approaches to investigate the developmental neurotoxicity of EDs, such as the application of artificial intelligence and comprehensive modelling. In the future, highly complex investigations will be performed using virtual brain models constructed using sophisticated multi-physics/multi-scale modelling strategies based on patient and synthetic data, which will enable a greater understanding of healthy or disturbed brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fucic
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska C 2, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - A Mantovani
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Rome, Italy
| | - J Vena
- Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - M S Bloom
- Global and Community Health, George Mason University, 4400 University Dr., Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - N Sincic
- Medical School, University of Zagreb, Salata 3, Croatia
| | - M Vazquez
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - J Aguado-Sierra
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, Barcelona 08034, Spain
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Zhang X, Huang Y, Chen WJ, Wu S, Lei Q, Zhou Z, Zhang W, Mishra S, Bhatt P, Chen S. Environmental occurrence, toxicity concerns, and biodegradation of neonicotinoid insecticides. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 218:114953. [PMID: 36504008 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids (NEOs) are fourth generation pesticides, which emerged after organophosphates, pyrethroids, and carbamates and they are widely used in vegetables, fruits, cotton, rice, and other industrial crops to control insect pests. NEOs are considered ideal substitutes for highly toxic pesticides. Multiple studies have reported NEOs have harmful impacts on non-target biological targets, such as bees, aquatic animals, birds, and mammals. Thus, the remediation of neonicotinoid-sullied environments has gradually become a concern. Microbial degradation is a key natural method for eliminating neonicotinoid insecticides, as biodegradation is an effective, practical, and environmentally friendly strategy for the removal of pesticide residues. To date, several neonicotinoid-degrading strains have been isolated from the environment, including Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Bacillus thuringiensis, Ensifer meliloti, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Variovorax boronicumulans, and Fusarium sp., and their degradation properties have been investigated. Furthermore, the metabolism and degradation pathways of neonicotinoids have been broadly detailed. Imidacloprid can form 6-chloronicotinic acid via the oxidative cleavage of guanidine residues, and it is then finally converted to non-toxic carbon dioxide. Acetamiprid can also be demethylated to remove cyanoimine (=N-CN) to form a less toxic intermediate metabolite. A few studies have discussed the neonicotinoid toxicity and microbial degradation in contaminated environments. This review is focused on providing an in-depth understanding of neonicotinoid toxicity, microbial degradation, catabolic pathways, and information related to the remediation process of NEOs. Future research directions are also proposed to provide a scientific basis for the risk assessment and removal of these pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xidong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yaohua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wen-Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Siyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiqi Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Sandhya Mishra
- Environmental Technologies Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47906, USA.
| | - Shaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Urinary concentrations of neonicotinoid insecticides were related to renal tubular dysfunction and neuropsychological complaints in Dry-zone of Sri Lanka. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22484. [PMID: 34795341 PMCID: PMC8602289 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01732-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are systemic insecticides used since the 1990’s , that possess renal tubular toxicity. We conducted a field-based descriptive study in the North Central Dry-zone of Sri Lanka, where chronic kidney disease (CKD) of unknown etiology has been increasing since the 1990’s. To elucidate the relationship between renal tubular dysfunctions and urinary neonicotinoids concentrations, we collected spot urine samples from15 CKD patients, 15 family members, and 62 neighbors in 2015, analyzed two renal tubular biomarkers, Cystatin-C and L-FABP, quantified seven neonicotinoids and a metabolite N-desmethyl-acetamiprid by LC–MS/MS; and we investigated their symptoms using a questionnaire. Cystatin-C and L-FABP had a positive correlation (p < 0.001). N-Desmethyl-acetamiprid was detected in 92.4% of the urine samples, followed by dinotefuran (17.4%), thiamethoxam (17.4%), clothianidin (9.8%), thiacloprid and imidacloprid. Dinotefuran and thiacloprid have never been registered in Sri Lanka. In High Cystatin-C group (> 70 μg/gCre, n = 7), higher urinary concentration of dinotefuran (p = 0.009), and in Zero Cystatin-C group (< LOQ, n = 7), higher N-desmethyl-acetamiprid (p = 0.013), dinotefuran (p = 0.049), and thiacloprid (p = 0.035), and more complaints of chest pains, stomachache, skin eruption and diarrhea (p < 0.05) were found than in Normal Cystatin-C group (n = 78). Urinary neonicotinoids may be one of the potential risk factors for renal tubular dysfunction in this area.
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Passoni A, Mariani A, Comolli D, Fanelli R, Davoli E, De Paola M, Bagnati R. An integrated approach, based on mass spectrometry, for the assessment of imidacloprid metabolism and penetration into mouse brain and fetus after oral treatment. Toxicology 2021; 462:152935. [PMID: 34509577 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Imidacloprid is an insecticide belonging to neonicotinoids, a class of agonists of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors that shows higher affinities in insects compared to mammals. However, recent evidence show that neonicotinoids can bind to the mammalian receptors, leading to detrimental responses in cultured neurons. We developed an analytical strategy which uses mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring (targeted approach) and high-resolution acquisitions (untargeted approach), which were applied to quantify imidacloprid and to identify its metabolites in biological tissues after oral treatments of mice. Mouse dams were treated with doses from 0.118 mg/kg bw day up to 41 mg/kg day between gestational days 6-9. Results showed quantifiable levels of imidacloprid in plasma (from 30.48 to 5705 ng/mL) and brain (from 20.48 to 5852 ng/g) of treated mice, proving the passage through the mammalian blood-brain barrier with a high correspondence between doses and measured concentrations. Untargeted analyses allowed the identification of eight metabolites including imidacloprid-olefin, hydroxy-imidacloprid dihydroxy-imidacloprid, imidacloprid-nitrosimine, desnitro-imidacloprid, 6-chloronicotinic acid, 5-(methylsulfanyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid and N-imidazolidin-2-ylidenenitramide in plasma and brain. Moreover, analysis of embryonic tissues after oral treatment of mouse dams showed detectable levels of imidacloprid (816.6 ng/g after a dose of 4.1 mg/Kg bw day and 5646 ng/g after a dose of 41 mg/Kg bw day) and its metabolites, proving the permeability of the placenta barrier. Although many studies have been reported on the neurotoxicity of neonicotinoids, our study paves the way for a risk assessment in neurodevelopmental toxicity, demostrating the capability of imidacloprid and its metabolites to pass the biological barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Passoni
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Mariani
- Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Comolli
- Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Fanelli
- Analytical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano De Paola
- Biology of Neurodegenerative Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagnati
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via Mario Negri 2, Milan, Italy
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Liu C, Fan H, Ma J, Ma L, Ge RL. In vitro and in vivo efficacy of thiacloprid against Echinococcus multilocularis. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:450. [PMID: 34488852 PMCID: PMC8419995 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04952-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a chronic zoonosis caused by the larval form of Echinococcus multilocularis (E. multilocularis). Current chemotherapy against AE has relied on albendazole and mebendazole, which only exhibit parasitostatic and not parasiticidal efficacy. Therefore, novel compounds for the treatment of this disease are needed. METHODS Phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) assays were used for compound screening of seven neonicotinoids. The anti-parasitic effects of thiacloprid were then evaluated on E. multilocularis metacestode vesicles, germinal cells and protoscoleces in vitro. Human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) and Reuber rat hepatoma (RH) cells were used to assess cytotoxicity. Glucose consumption in E. multilocularis protoscoleces and germinal cells was assessed by measuring uptake of 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG). Molecular docking was used to evaluate the potential binding sites of thiacloprid to acetylcholine receptors. In vivo efficacy of thiacloprid was evaluated in mice by secondary infection with E. multilocularis. In addition, ELISA and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the effects of cytokines and T lymphocyte subsets after thiacloprid treatment. Furthermore, collagen deposition and degradation in the host lesion microenvironment were evaluated. RESULTS We found that thiacloprid is the most promising compound, with an IC50 of 4.54 ± 1.10 μM and 2.89 ± 0.34 μM, respectively, against in vitro-cultured E. multilocularis metacestodes and germinal cells. Thiacloprid was less toxic for HFF and RH mammalian cell lines than for metacestodes. In addition, thiacloprid inhibited the acetylcholinesterase activity in protoscoleces, metacestodes and germinal cells. Thiacloprid inhibited glucose consumption by protoscoleces and germinal cells. Subsequently, transmission electron microscopy revealed that treatment with thiacloprid damaged the germinal layer. In vivo, metacestode weight was significantly reduced following oral administration of thiacloprid at 15 and 30 mg/kg. The level of CD4+ T lymphocytes in metacestodes and spleen increased after thiacloprid treatment. Anti-echinococcosis-related cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-10) were significantly increased. Furthermore, thiacloprid inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs 1, 3, 9, 13) and promoted collagen deposition in the host lesion microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that thiacloprid had parasiticidal activity against E. multilocularis in vitro and in vivo, and could be used as a novel lead compound for the treatment of AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanchuan Liu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
| | - Haining Fan
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
| | - Jie Ma
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
| | - Lan Ma
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
- Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
| | - Ri-li Ge
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
- Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine, Xining, 810001 Qinghai China
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Neurotoxic Effects of Neonicotinoids on Mammals: What Is There beyond the Activation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors?-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168413. [PMID: 34445117 PMCID: PMC8395098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are a class of insecticides that exert their effect through a specific action on neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The success of these insecticides is due to this mechanism of action, since they act as potent agonists of insect nAChRs, presenting low affinity for vertebrate nAChRs, which reduces potential toxic risk and increases safety for non-target species. However, although neonicotinoids are considered safe, their presence in the environment could increase the risk of exposure and toxicity. On the other hand, although neonicotinoids have low affinity for mammalian nAChRs, the large quantity, variety, and ubiquity of these receptors, combined with its diversity of functions, raises the question of what effects these insecticides can produce in non-target species. In the present systematic review, we investigate the available evidence on the biochemical and behavioral effects of neonicotinoids on the mammalian nervous system. In general, exposure to neonicotinoids at an early age alters the correct neuronal development, with decreases in neurogenesis and alterations in migration, and induces neuroinflammation. In adulthood, neonicotinoids induce neurobehavioral toxicity, these effects being associated with their modulating action on nAChRs, with consequent neurochemical alterations. These alterations include decreased expression of nAChRs, modifications in acetylcholinesterase activity, and significant changes in the function of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. All these effects can lead to the activation of a series of intracellular signaling pathways that generate oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and, finally, neuronal death. Neonicotinoid-induced changes in nAChR function could be responsible for most of the effects observed in the different studies.
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Park J, Taly A, Bourreau J, De Nardi F, Legendre C, Henrion D, Guérineau NC, Legros C, Mattei C, Tricoire-Leignel H. Partial Agonist Activity of Neonicotinoids on Rat Nicotinic Receptors: Consequences over Epinephrine Secretion and In Vivo Blood Pressure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105106. [PMID: 34065933 PMCID: PMC8151892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides are nicotine-derived molecules which exert acute neurotoxic effects over the insect central nervous system by activating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, these receptors are also present in the mammalian central and peripheral nervous system, where the effects of neonicotinoids are faintly known. In mammals, cholinergic synapses are crucial for the control of vascular tone, blood pressure and skeletal muscle contraction. We therefore hypothesized that neonicotinoids could affect cholinergic networks in mammals and sought to highlight functional consequences of acute intoxication in rats with sub-lethal concentrations of the highly used acetamiprid (ACE) and clothianidin (CLO). In this view, we characterized their electrophysiological effects on rat α3β4 nAChRs, knowing that it is predominantly expressed in ganglia of the vegetative nervous system and the adrenal medulla, which initiates catecholamine secretion. Both molecules exhibited a weak agonist effect on α3β4 receptors. Accordingly, their influence on epinephrine secretion from rat adrenal glands was also weak at 100 μM, but it was stronger at 500 μM. Challenging ACE or CLO together with nicotine (NIC) ended up with paradoxical effects on secretion. In addition, we measured the rat arterial blood pressure (ABP) in vivo by arterial catheterization. As expected, NIC induced a significant increase in ABP. ACE and CLO did not affect the ABP in the same conditions. However, simultaneous exposure of rats to both NIC and ACE/CLO promoted an increase of ABP and induced a biphasic response. Modeling the interaction of ACE or CLO on α3β4 nAChR is consistent with a binding site located in the agonist pocket of the receptor. We present a transversal experimental approach of mammal intoxication with neonicotinoids at different scales, including in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo and in silico. It paves the way of the acute and chronic toxicity for this class of insecticides on mammalian organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohee Park
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Antoine Taly
- Theoretical Biochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, CNRS UPR 9080, University of Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Jennifer Bourreau
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Frédéric De Nardi
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Claire Legendre
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Daniel Henrion
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Nathalie C. Guérineau
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
- IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Legros
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - César Mattei
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (H.T.-L.)
| | - Hélène Tricoire-Leignel
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (H.T.-L.)
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Cui K, Wu X, Wei D, Zhang Y, Cao J, Xu J, Dong F, Liu X, Zheng Y. Health risks to dietary neonicotinoids are low for Chinese residents based on an analysis of 13 daily-consumed foods. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 149:106385. [PMID: 33503555 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid pesticide residues are ubiquitous in various foodstuffs and may adversely affect human health. We performed a nationwide survey of neonicotinoid residues in foodstuffs collected from Chinese markets and evaluated the risks of chronic and acute exposure in 1-6-year-old children and the general population. Among the 3406 samples of 13 commodities, 62.21% contained neonicotinoids with concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1471.43 μg/kg, and 37.58% were simultaneously contaminated with 2-7 neonicotinoids. Acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, and imidacloprid were the top three detected neonicotinoids (22.14-34.32% of samples). Chronic and acute cumulative risk assessment using the relative potency factor method revealed that exposure to neonicotinoids was within established safety limits (below 1); however, the acute risk was much greater than the chronic risk (chronic hazard index range, 1.40 × 10-6-2.33 × 10-3; acute hazard index range, 1.75 × 10-6-0.15). A relatively greater acute cumulative risk was found for children with respect to consumption of grapes, mandarins, and cowpeas (acute hazard index range, 0.11-0.15). Despite the low health risk, the potential health hazards of neonicotinoids should be continuously assessed, given their ubiquity and cumulative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cui
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongmei Wei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengshou Dong
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingang Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Plant Origin) for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Loser D, Hinojosa MG, Blum J, Schaefer J, Brüll M, Johansson Y, Suciu I, Grillberger K, Danker T, Möller C, Gardner I, Ecker GF, Bennekou SH, Forsby A, Kraushaar U, Leist M. Functional alterations by a subgroup of neonicotinoid pesticides in human dopaminergic neurons. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:2081-2107. [PMID: 33778899 PMCID: PMC8166715 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid pesticides, originally developed to target the insect nervous system, have been reported to interact with human receptors and to activate rodent neurons. Therefore, we evaluated in how far these compounds may trigger signaling in human neurons, and thus, affect the human adult or developing nervous system. We used SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells as established model of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) signaling. In parallel, we profiled dopaminergic neurons, generated from LUHMES neuronal precursor cells, as novel system to study nAChR activation in human post-mitotic neurons. Changes of the free intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) were used as readout, and key findings were confirmed by patch clamp recordings. Nicotine triggered typical neuronal signaling responses that were blocked by antagonists, such as tubocurarine and mecamylamine. Pharmacological approaches suggested a functional expression of α7 and non-α7 nAChRs on LUHMES cells. In this novel test system, the neonicotinoids acetamiprid, imidacloprid, clothianidin and thiacloprid, but not thiamethoxam and dinotefuran, triggered [Ca2+]i signaling at 10-100 µM. Strong synergy of the active neonicotinoids (at low micromolar concentrations) with the α7 nAChR-positive allosteric modulator PNU-120596 was observed in LUHMES and SH-SY5Y cells, and specific antagonists fully inhibited such signaling. To provide a third line of evidence for neonicotinoid signaling via nAChR, we studied cross-desensitization: pretreatment of LUHMES and SH-SY5Y cells with active neonicotinoids (at 1-10 µM) blunted the signaling response of nicotine. The pesticides (at 3-30 µM) also blunted the response to the non-α7 agonist ABT 594 in LUHMES cells. These data show that human neuronal cells are functionally affected by low micromolar concentrations of several neonicotinoids. An effect of such signals on nervous system development is a toxicological concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Loser
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
- NMI TT GmbH, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maria G Hinojosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Blum
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jasmin Schaefer
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
- NMI TT GmbH, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Markus Brüll
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ylva Johansson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilinca Suciu
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Karin Grillberger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Timm Danker
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
- NMI TT GmbH, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Clemens Möller
- Life Sciences Faculty, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, 72488, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Iain Gardner
- CERTARA UK Limited, Simcyp Division, Level 2-Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield, S1 2BJ, UK
| | - Gerhard F Ecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Anna Forsby
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Udo Kraushaar
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Leist
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department Inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany.
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14
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Pisa L, Goulson D, Yang EC, Gibbons D, Sánchez-Bayo F, Mitchell E, Aebi A, van der Sluijs J, MacQuarrie CJK, Giorio C, Long EY, McField M, Bijleveld van Lexmond M, Bonmatin JM. An update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic insecticides. Part 2: impacts on organisms and ecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:11749-11797. [PMID: 29124633 PMCID: PMC7921077 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
New information on the lethal and sublethal effects of neonicotinoids and fipronil on organisms is presented in this review, complementing the previous Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) in 2015. The high toxicity of these systemic insecticides to invertebrates has been confirmed and expanded to include more species and compounds. Most of the recent research has focused on bees and the sublethal and ecological impacts these insecticides have on pollinators. Toxic effects on other invertebrate taxa also covered predatory and parasitoid natural enemies and aquatic arthropods. Little new information has been gathered on soil organisms. The impact on marine and coastal ecosystems is still largely uncharted. The chronic lethality of neonicotinoids to insects and crustaceans, and the strengthened evidence that these chemicals also impair the immune system and reproduction, highlights the dangers of this particular insecticidal class (neonicotinoids and fipronil), with the potential to greatly decrease populations of arthropods in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Sublethal effects on fish, reptiles, frogs, birds, and mammals are also reported, showing a better understanding of the mechanisms of toxicity of these insecticides in vertebrates and their deleterious impacts on growth, reproduction, and neurobehaviour of most of the species tested. This review concludes with a summary of impacts on the ecosystem services and functioning, particularly on pollination, soil biota, and aquatic invertebrate communities, thus reinforcing the previous WIA conclusions (van der Sluijs et al. 2015).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dave Goulson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - En-Cheng Yang
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David Gibbons
- RSPB Centre for Conservation of Science, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, UK
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Bayo
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, 1 Central Avenue, Eveleigh, NSW, 2015, Australia
| | - Edward Mitchell
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Aebi
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Anthropology Institute, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Saint-Nicolas 4, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen van der Sluijs
- Centre for the Study of the Sciences and the Humanities, University of Bergen, Postboks 7805, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Postboks 7805, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Environmental Sciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J K MacQuarrie
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, 1219 Queen St. East, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2E5, Canada
| | | | - Elizabeth Yim Long
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - Melanie McField
- Smithsonian Institution, 701 Seaway Drive Fort Pierce, Florida, 34949, USA
| | | | - Jean-Marc Bonmatin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071, Orléans, France.
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Gomez SD, Bustos PS, Sánchez VG, Ortega MG, Guiñazú N. Trophoblast toxicity of the neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid and an acetamiprid-based formulation. Toxicology 2020; 431:152363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Anadón A, Ares I, Martínez M, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Martínez MA. Neurotoxicity of Neonicotinoids. ADVANCES IN NEUROTOXICOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ant.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Hirano T, Minagawa S, Furusawa Y, Yunoki T, Ikenaka Y, Yokoyama T, Hoshi N, Tabuchi Y. Growth and neurite stimulating effects of the neonicotinoid pesticide clothianidin on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 383:114777. [PMID: 31626844 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are one of most widely used pesticides targeting nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) of insects. Recent epidemiological evidence revealed increasing amounts of neonicotinoids detected in human samples, raising the critical question of whether neonicotinoids affect human health. We investigated the effects of a neonicotinoid pesticide clothianidin (CTD) on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells as in vitro models of human neuronal cells. Cellular and functional effects of micromolar doses of CTD were evaluated by changes in cell growth, intracellular signaling activities and gene expression profiles. We examined further the effects of CTD on neuronal differentiation by measuring neurite outgrowth. Exposure to CTD (1-100 μM) significantly increased the number of cells within 24 h of culture. The nAChRs antagonists, mecamylamine and SR16584, inhibited this effect, suggesting human α3β4 nAChRs could be targets of neonicotinoids. We observed a transient intracellular calcium influx and increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 shortly after exposure to CTD. Transcriptome analysis revealed that CTD down-regulated genes involved in neuronal function (e.g., formation of filopodia and calcium ion influx) and morphology (e.g., axon guidance signaling and cytoskeleton signaling); these changes were reflected by a finding of increased neurite length during neuronal differentiation. These findings provide novel insight into the potential risks of neonicotinoids to the human nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsushi Hirano
- Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Satsuki Minagawa
- Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Furusawa
- Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yunoki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Toshifumi Yokoyama
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Hoshi
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Ichikawa G, Kuribayashi R, Ikenaka Y, Ichise T, Nakayama SMM, Ishizuka M, Taira K, Fujioka K, Sairenchi T, Kobashi G, Bonmatin JM, Yoshihara S. LC-ESI/MS/MS analysis of neonicotinoids in urine of very low birth weight infants at birth. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219208. [PMID: 31260498 PMCID: PMC6602294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neonicotinoid insecticides are widely used systemic pesticides with nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist activity that are a concern as environmental pollutants. Neonicotinoids in humans and the environment have been widely reported, but few studies have examined their presence in fetuses and newborns. The objective of this study is to determine exposure to neonicotinoids and metabolites in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. METHODS An analytical method for seven neonicotinoids and one neonicotinoid metabolite, N-desmethylacetamiprid (DMAP), in human urine using LC-ESI/MS/MS was developed. This method was used for analysis of 57 urine samples collected within 48 hours after birth from VLBW infants of gestational age 23-34 weeks (male/female = 36/21, small for gestational age (SGA)/appropriate gestational age (AGA) = 6/51) who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Dokkyo Hospital from January 2009 to December 2010. Sixty-five samples collected on postnatal day 14 (M/F = 37/22, SGA/AGA = 7/52) were also analyzed. RESULTS DMAP, a metabolite of acetamiprid, was detected in 14 urine samples collected at birth (24.6%, median level 0.048 ppb) and in 7 samples collected on postnatal day 14 (11.9%, median level 0.09 ppb). The urinary DMAP detection rate and level were higher in SGA than in AGA infants (both p<0.05). There were no correlations between the DMAP level and infant physique indexes (length, height, and head circumference SD scores). CONCLUSION These results provide the first evidence worldwide of neonicotinoid exposure in newborn babies in the early phase after birth. The findings suggest a need to examine potential neurodevelopmental toxicity of neonicotinoids and metabolites in human fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Ichikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ryota Kuribayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ikenaka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa
| | - Takahiro Ichise
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shouta M. M. Nakayama
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ishizuka
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kumiko Taira
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Fujioka
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Toshimi Sairenchi
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Gen Kobashi
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Jean-Marc Bonmatin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Biophysique moléculaire, Orléans, France
| | - Shigemi Yoshihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
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Colgan TJ, Fletcher IK, Arce AN, Gill RJ, Ramos Rodrigues A, Stolle E, Chittka L, Wurm Y. Caste- and pesticide-specific effects of neonicotinoid pesticide exposure on gene expression in bumblebees. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:1964-1974. [PMID: 30843300 PMCID: PMC6563198 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Social bees are important insect pollinators of wildflowers and agricultural crops, making their reported declines a global concern. A major factor implicated in these declines is the widespread use of neonicotinoid pesticides. Indeed, recent research has demonstrated that exposure to low doses of these neurotoxic pesticides impairs bee behaviours important for colony function and survival. However, our understanding of the molecular-genetic pathways that lead to such effects is limited, as is our knowledge of how effects may differ between colony members. To understand what genes and pathways are affected by exposure of bumblebee workers and queens to neonicotinoid pesticides, we implemented a transcriptome-wide gene expression study. We chronically exposed Bombus terrestriscolonies to either clothianidin or imidacloprid at field-realistic concentrations while controlling for factors including colony social environment and worker age. We reveal that genes involved in important biological processes including mitochondrial function are differentially expressed in response to neonicotinoid exposure. Additionally, clothianidin exposure had stronger effects on gene expression amplitude and alternative splicing than imidacloprid. Finally, exposure affected workers more strongly than queens. Our work demonstrates how RNA-Seq transcriptome profiling can provide detailed novel insight on the mechanisms mediating pesticide toxicity to a key insect pollinator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Colgan
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Isabel K Fletcher
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Andres N Arce
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Richard J Gill
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | | | - Eckart Stolle
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Lars Chittka
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yannick Wurm
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Izumi H, Ishimoto T, Yamamoto H, Mori H. Bioluminescence imaging of Arc expression in mouse brain under acute and chronic exposure to pesticides. Neurotoxicology 2019; 71:52-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Morales-Prieto N, Ruiz-Laguna J, Sheehan D, Abril N. Transcriptome signatures of p,p´-DDE-induced liver damage in Mus spretus mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 238:150-167. [PMID: 29554563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane) in some countries, although regulated, is contributing to an increased worldwide risk of exposure to this organochlorine pesticide or its derivative p,p'-DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene]. Many studies have associated p,p'-DDE exposure to type 2 diabetes, obesity and alterations of the reproductive system, but their molecular mechanisms of toxicity remain poorly understood. We have addressed this issue by using commercial microarrays based on probes for the entire Mus musculus genome to determine the hepatic transcriptional signatures of p,p'-DDE in the phylogenetically close mouse species Mus spretus. High-stringency hybridization conditions and analysis assured reliable results, which were also verified, in part, by qRT-PCR, immunoblotting and/or enzymatic activity. Our data linked 198 deregulated genes to mitochondrial dysfunction and perturbations of central signaling pathways (kinases, lipids, and retinoic acid) leading to enhanced lipogenesis and aerobic glycolysis, inflammation, cell proliferation and testosterone catabolism and excretion. Alterations of transcript levels of genes encoding enzymes involved in testosterone catabolism and excretion would explain the relationships established between p,p´-DDE exposure and reproductive disorders, obesity and diabetes. Further studies will help to fully understand the molecular basis of p,p´-DDE molecular toxicity in liver and reproductive organs, to identify effective exposure biomarkers and perhaps to design efficient p,p'-DDE exposure counteractive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Morales-Prieto
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Julia Ruiz-Laguna
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - David Sheehan
- College of Arts and Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nieves Abril
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain.
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Hirano T, Yanai S, Takada T, Yoneda N, Omotehara T, Kubota N, Minami K, Yamamoto A, Mantani Y, Yokoyama T, Kitagawa H, Hoshi N. NOAEL-dose of a neonicotinoid pesticide, clothianidin, acutely induce anxiety-related behavior with human-audible vocalizations in male mice in a novel environment. Toxicol Lett 2017; 282:57-63. [PMID: 29030271 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are novel systemic pesticides acting as agonists on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) of insects. Experimental studies have revealed that neonicotinoids pose potential risks for the nervous systems of non-target species, but the brain regions responsible for their behavioral effects remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to assess the neurobehavioral effects of clothianidin (CTD), a later neonicotinoid developed in 2001 and widely used worldwide, and to explore the target regions of neonicotinoids in the mammalian brain. A single-administration of 5 or 50mg/kg CTD to male C57BL/6N mice at or below the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) induced an acute increase in anxiety during the elevated plus-maze test. In addition, mice in the CTD-administered group spontaneously emitted human-audible vocalizations (4-16kHz), which are behavioral signs of aversive emotions, and showed increased numbers of c-fos immunoreactive cells in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. In conclusion, mice exposed to NOAEL-dose CTD would be rendered vulnerable to a novel environment via the activation of thalamic and hippocampal regions related to stress responses. These findings should provide critical insight into the neurobehavioral effects of neonicotinoids on mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsushi Hirano
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shogo Yanai
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tadashi Takada
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Naoki Yoneda
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takuya Omotehara
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kiichi Minami
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Anzu Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Youhei Mantani
- Laboratory of Histophysiology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Laboratory of Histophysiology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Hoshi
- Laboratory of Animal Molecular Morphology, Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
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