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Niu J, Li B, Zhang Q, Chen G, Papadaki A. Exploring the traditional Chinese diet and its association with health status-a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae013. [PMID: 38452296 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Increased adherence to a traditional Chinese diet (TCD) could reduce the increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases. Currently, there is no consistent definition of the TCD in the literature, and its associations with health outcomes have not yet been identified. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to assess the definition of the TCD, in the literature, and to evaluate whether the TCD, as described, is associated with health outcomes. DATA SOURCES Fourteen databases were searched up to April 25, 2022. DATA EXTRACTION Three reviewers (in pairs) independently screened and extracted data. A modified risk-of-bias tool was used to assess the quality of the studies assessing the TCD definition; the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool were used to assess the quality of the observational studies and randomized controlled trials assessing associations between the TCD and health outcomes. DATA ANALYSIS Ninety-nine studies were identified that assessed the TCD definition. In at least 75% of the studies, rice and leafy vegetables were consistently reported as food groups that characterize the TCD; the most frequently cited food items were white rice, spinach, bokchoy, and cabbage. Fish and seafood, pork, and pork products were consistently reported in studies exclusively referring to the TCD consumed in southern China (n = 21 studies), whereas wheat and wheat products were commonly reported in studies focusing on northern China (n = 14 studies). Fifteen studies reported on the quantities of food groups that are characteristic of the TCD, but their findings were inconsistent. Of the 99 studies, 54 assessed associations with health outcomes. The TCD was overall inversely associated with obesity risk and weight gain, while relationships between the TCD and other health outcomes were inconsistent. CONCLUSION Further studies are needed to determine the quantities of foods consumed in the TCD and to establish a consistent definition for further exploration of the TCD's potential role in preventing non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhao Niu
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Bai Li
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ge Chen
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Angeliki Papadaki
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Yang S, Bhargava N, O'Connor A, Gibney ER, Feeney EL. Dairy consumption in adults in China: a systematic review. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:116. [PMID: 37865793 PMCID: PMC10590529 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00781-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on dairy consumption in China is lacking, however, some evidence has demonstrated significant changes in recent years, with a reported increase in the overall consumption of dairy products. To fully understand these changes, a systematic review was conducted to examine reported dairy intakes and differences between dairy consumption in different population groups in China. METHODS Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed databases were searched for studies published from January 2000 to September 2022. The China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) was used to retrieve papers available in Chinese. Papers reporting dietary intakes of dairy consumption across age, sex, and geographical location sub-groups were considered for inclusion in this review. In addition, this review includes the consumption of different types of dairy foods and changes in dairy intake over time. RESULTS Forty-seven papers were included in the present study. Twelve papers examined dairy consumption across age groups, showing that middle-aged adults tend to consume less dairy than other age groups. Studies comparing across location-specific cohorts reported dairy intakes among urban populations were higher than rural, as well as being higher than the national average. Coastal, Northern and Eastern residents consumed more dairy products than those living in other regions of China, and people in larger cities had higher reported intakes than smaller cities. Milk was the primary dairy product reportedly consumed by Chinese population, followed by yogurt. Concerning sex, evidence showed that females generally reported a greater daily dairy intake than males. CONCLUSIONS This review shows that, in China, several different population groups displayed significant differences in the amount and type of dairy consumed. When considering the incorporation of dairy products into healthy eating guidelines or positioning specific dairy products on the market, it is important to consider the differences and variations in consumption patterns within population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Yang
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Nupur Bhargava
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Aileen O'Connor
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Eileen R Gibney
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Emma L Feeney
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland.
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland.
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland.
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Zhao Z, Zhen S, Yan Y, Liu N, Ding D, Kong J. Association of dietary patterns with general and central obesity among Chinese adults: a longitudinal population-based study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1588. [PMID: 37605199 PMCID: PMC10440870 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16556-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited evidence exists for the association between dietary patterns and later obesity phenotypes among Chinese adults. This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate associations of dietary patterns with general and central obesity in Chinese adults. METHODS Based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) waves 2004 and 2015, the study was conducted on 4207 adult men and women (age range: 18-65 years). Dietary intakes were assessed by three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls, and dietary patterns were identified using exploratory factor analysis. Longitudinal associations of dietary patterns with general and central obesity were evaluated using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The prevalence rates of general and central obesity were 14.2% and 42.1%, respectively. Factor analysis extracted three major dietary patterns: "traditional southern," "modern," and "traditional northern." After adjustment for potential confounders, adults in the highest quartile of the traditional southern dietary group were less likely to develop over 10 years general (odds ratio [OR] = 0.50, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.39, 0.65) and central (OR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.43, 0.63) obesity compared to those in the lowest quartile group. The modern dietary pattern was not significantly associated with general and central obesity. Adherence to the traditional northern dietary pattern increased the chance of both general and central obesity (OR = 1.61, 95%CI: 1.23, 2.10; OR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.36, 1.98) after 10 years. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides longitudinal evidence for associations between dietary patterns and later obesity phenotypes among Chinese adults. Our findings may guide the development of evidence-based preventive nutrition interventions to control the obesity epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Zhao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
- Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Shihan Zhen
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yumeng Yan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ding Ding
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Juan Kong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Lee KW, Kang MS, Lee SJ, Kim HR, Jang KA, Shin D. Prospective Associations between Dietary Patterns and Abdominal Obesity in Middle-Aged and Older Korean Adults. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112148. [PMID: 37297392 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify major dietary patterns associated with abdominal obesity in middle-aged and older Korean adults. Data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were used. A total of 48,037 Korean adults aged ≥40 years without abdominal obesity at baseline were followed-up. Dietary assessment was conducted using a validated 106-item food-frequency questionnaire, and dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference of ≥90 cm for men and ≥85 cm for women, according to the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the future risk of abdominal obesity for each dietary pattern after adjusting for potential covariates. After an average follow-up of 4.89 years, we reported 5878 cases (1932 men and 3946 women) of abdominal obesity. Based on factor analysis, three major dietary patterns were identified in both men and women: the "healthy", "coffee and sweets", and "multi-grain" patterns. In the fully adjusted model, the "healthy" pattern was inversely associated with the incidence of abdominal obesity (HR for fourth vs. first quartile: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.75-0.98; p for trend = 0.0358 for men; HR for fourth vs. first quartile: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.83-0.99; p for trend = 0.0188 for women), whereas the "coffee and sweets" pattern was positively associated with it (HR for fourth vs. first quartile: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.08-1.40; p for trend = 0.0495 for men; HR for fourth vs. first quartile: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.04-1.25; p for trend = 0.0096 for women). In contrast, the "multi-grain" pattern in men and women showed no significant association with the incidence of abdominal obesity. Diets rich in colorful vegetables, seaweeds, mushrooms, tubers, fruits, soy products, and fish and low in coffee, sweets, and oils/fats might be favorable for reducing the future risk of abdominal obesity, particularly in middle-aged and older Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Won Lee
- Department of Home Economics Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju 28173, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sook Kang
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Lee
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeng-Ran Kim
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-A Jang
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayeon Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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Mavragani A, Al Hourani H, Alkhatib B, Alboqai O, AlHalaika D, Al-Jawaldeh A. Jordan's Population-Based Food Consumption Survey: Protocol for Design and Development. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e41636. [PMID: 36800239 PMCID: PMC9984996 DOI: 10.2196/41636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the factors influencing health and well-being is dietary patterns. Data on food consumption are necessary for evaluating and developing community nutrition policies. Few studies on Jordanians' food consumption and dietary habits at various ages have been conducted, despite the increased prevalence of overweight, obesity, and chronic diseases. This will be the first study focusing on Jordanians' food consumption patterns that includes children, adolescents, adults, and older adults. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aims to describe the design and methodology of the Jordan's Population-based Food Consumption Survey, 2021-2022, which was developed to collect data on food consumption, including energy, nutrients, and food group intake, from a representative sample of Jordanians and to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and their relationship to food consumption. METHODS Participants were selected by stratified random sampling, using the Estimated Population of the Kingdom by Governorate, Locality, Sex, and Households, 2020 as the sampling frame. The food consumption survey sample was at the population level, representing gender and age classes (8-85 years old). The data collection period was 6 months. Food consumption was assessed using 24-hour dietary recall (2 nonconsecutive days, 1 week apart) interviews representing weekdays and weekends. In addition to data on food consumption, information on the use of food supplements, sociodemographic and socioeconomic status, and health was gathered. Weight, height, and waist circumference were all measured. RESULTS The survey included 632 households with 2145 participants, of which 243 (11.3%) were children, 374 (17.4%) were adolescents, 1428 (66.6%) were adults, and 99 (4.6%) were older adults. Three food consumption databases were used to stratify the mean 24-hour dietary recall food consumption into energy intake, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, fiber, vitamins and minerals, and food groups. BMI was calculated and classified as normal, overweight, or obese. Central obesity was classified as normal or abnormal based on the waist-to-height ratio. The survey results will be disseminated based on age, energy, nutrient, and food group consumption. The prevalence of overweight and obesity by age group will be presented, as well as a comparison to the situation in Eastern Mediterranean countries. CONCLUSIONS The survey data will be helpful in nutritional studies, assessing changes in dietary patterns, and developing and evaluating nutrition or health policies. It will be a solid base for developing a future national surveillance system on food consumption patterns with comprehensive food consumption, physical activity, biochemical, and blood pressure data. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/41636.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huda Al Hourani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Buthaina Alkhatib
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Omar Alboqai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Sciences, Jerash University, Jerash, Jordan
| | - Dima AlHalaika
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
- Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, World Health Organization, Cairo, Egypt
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Yang M, Zhang Z, Wang Z. Does Internet use connect smallholder farmers to a healthy diet? Evidence from rural China. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1122677. [PMID: 37153910 PMCID: PMC10157090 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1122677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Undernutrition and micronutrient malnutrition remain problems of significant magnitude among small-scale subsistence farmers, posing a serious threat to their health and well-being. Developing a healthy diet can effectively reduce this threat. Fortunately, the Internet can speed up the process. Methods Based on survey data from 5,114 farm households in nine provinces in China, this study quantitatively assesses the impact of Internet use on the dietary quality of smallholder farmers using OLS regression models and PSM models. Results/Discussion (1) Internet use can significantly contribute to dietary diversity and dietary rationality among smallholder farmers, thus optimizing their dietary structure. (2) Internet use significantly increased the average consumption amounts of milk and its products (2.9 g), fruits (21.5 g), eggs (7.5 g), and vegetables (27.1 g), while also decreasing the intake of salts (1.5 g) and oil (3.8 g). (3) The pull of internet use to improve diet quality is more significant for smallholder households with lower levels of education, older heads of households, and higher household incomes. (4) A possible mechanism is that Internet use increases household income and information access skills of rural residents, thus improving their dietary quality. In summary, governments should further promote Internet penetration in rural areas for health purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Yang
- Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtse River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
- Qinghai University Library, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
- *Correspondence: Mingwei Yang,
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtse River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtse River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
- School of Economics and Management, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, China
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Dietary Patterns and Obesity in Chinese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224911. [PMID: 36432596 PMCID: PMC9698822 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain dietary patterns are associated with an increased risk of obesity and its comorbidities. However, these associations vary across populations. The prevalence of obesity has been rising amid a drastic nutrition transition in China during the country’s rapid economic growth. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to summarize how dietary patterns are associated with obesity in the Chinese population. We searched for articles from 1 January 2000 to 1 February 2022 in PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Scopus that assessed the relationship between dietary patterns and obesity outcomes. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random effects model. From the 2556 articles identified from the search, 23 articles were included in the analysis. We found that the traditional Chinese dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of overweight/obesity (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.57, 0.84, p < 0.001), whereas the Western dietary pattern was associated with a higher OR of overweight/obesity, but not reaching statistical significance (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.84, p = 0.07). There were inconsistent results for other dietary patterns, such as meat/animal protein and plant/vegetarian patterns. In conclusion, the traditional Chinese diet characterized by vegetables, rice, and meat was associated with a lower risk of obesity. The heterogeneity in characterizing dietary patterns contributes to the inconsistency of how dietary patterns are associated with obesity in the Chinese population.
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Rodríguez-Ramírez S, Martinez-Tapia B, González-Castell D, Cuevas-Nasu L, Shamah-Levy T. Westernized and Diverse Dietary Patterns Are Associated With Overweight-Obesity and Abdominal Obesity in Mexican Adult Men. Front Nutr 2022; 9:891609. [PMID: 35811984 PMCID: PMC9263742 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.891609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in Mexican adults is very high. To identify the dietary characteristics related with this disorder is necessary to design intervention. The objective was to analyze the association between dietary patterns and obesity in Mexican adults.Materials and MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study carried out in Mexican adults (20–59 years old) participating in the Halfway National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016. Participants (n = 5,735) were classified as having normal weight, overweight-obesity and by their abdominal circumference as having abdominal obesity or not. With information from a 7-day food frequency questionnaire, we used a K-means cluster analysis to derive dietary patterns and calculated a healthy diet indicator to evaluate quality. The association between dietary patterns and overweight-obesity and abdominal obesity was assessed with Poisson regression models adjusted by some characteristics.ResultsWe identified a Rural pattern characterized by tortilla, legumes and egg consumption; a Diverse pattern, characterized by fruits, meat and poultry, vegetables, and dairy beverages, and desserts; and a Westernized pattern, characterized by sweetened non-dairy beverages, fast food, bakery and cookies, candies and salty snacks. In men, Westernized pattern was associated with overweight-obesity (PR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.97–1.27), and abdominal obesity (PR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.00–1.33), the Diverse pattern was associated with overweight-obesity (PR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.00–1.38), and abdominal obesity (PR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.07–1.50), compared with the Rural pattern. In women, these dietary patterns were not associated with obesity.DiscussionWesternized and Diverse patterns are associated with overweight and obesity and abdominal obesity in men. Gender-specific recommendations and surveillance are necessary in the Mexican adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Brenda Martinez-Tapia
- Center for Research on Evaluation and Surveys, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Brenda Martinez-Tapia
| | - Dinorah González-Castell
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Lucía Cuevas-Nasu
- Center for Research on Evaluation and Surveys, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Teresa Shamah-Levy
- Center for Research on Evaluation and Surveys, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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Relationship between Dietary Behaviors and Physical Activity and the Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Case-Control Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116562. [PMID: 35682146 PMCID: PMC9180402 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Poor diet and low physical activity play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between nutrient intake, groups of food products and physical exercise undertaken and the components of metabolic syndrome (MS). The study included 330 patients with MS, and the control group comprised of 270 subjects without MS. The food intake was assessed using 24-h dietary recall, and a 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire. To assess nutrition knowledge, a Beliefs and Eating Habits Questionnaire was used. The level of physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Three patterns of behavior were identified: Prudent-Active, Western-Sedentary, and NotPrudent-notWestern-lowActive. In the Prudent-Active group, as compared to the NotPrudent-notWestern-lowActive subjects, the risk of central obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol and hyperglycemia occurrence was lower. There was also a lower proportion of patients with MS. As compared to the NotPrudent-notWestern-lowActive subjects, in the Prudent-Active group there was more than a two times higher chance of subjects with a high level of nutrition knowledge. Western diets have been proven to exert a detrimental effect on the components of MS. When designing intervention programs, education of patients with MS on dietary habits and physical activity should be considered.
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Tan YWB, Lau JH, AshaRani PV, Roystonn K, Devi F, Lee YY, Whitton C, Wang P, Shafie S, Chang S, Jeyagurunathan A, Chua BY, Abdin E, Sum CF, Lee ES, Subramaniam M. Dietary patterns of persons with chronic conditions within a multi-ethnic population: results from the nationwide Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices survey on diabetes in Singapore. Arch Public Health 2022; 80:62. [PMID: 35189947 PMCID: PMC8862351 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-022-00817-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic conditions are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and respective data on dietary patterns remain scant. The present study aimed to investigate dietary patterns and identify sociodemographic factors associated with Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores within a multi-ethnic population with various chronic conditions. Methods The present study utilised data from the 2019-2020 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices study on diabetes in Singapore – a nationwide survey conducted to track the knowledge, attitudes, and practices pertaining to diabetes. The study analysed data collected from a sample of 2,895 Singapore residents, with information from the sociodemographic section, DASH diet screener, and the modified version of the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) version 3.0 checklist of chronic physical conditions. Results Respondents with no chronic condition had a mean DASH score of 18.5 (±4.6), those with one chronic condition had a mean DASH score of 19.2 (±4.8), and those with two or more chronic conditions had a mean DASH score of 19.8 (±5.2). Overall, the older age groups [35– 49 years (B = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.23 – 2.33, p <0.001), 50–64 years (B = 2.86, 95% CI: 22.24 – 3.47, p <0.001) and 65 years and above (B = 3.45, 95% CI: 2.73 – 4.17, p <0.001)], Indians (B = 2.54, 95% CI: 2.09 – 2.98, p <0.001) reported better diet quality, while males (B = -1.50, 95% CI: -1.87 – -1.14, p <0.001) reported poorer diet quality versus females. Conclusion Overall, respondents with two or more chronic conditions reported better quality of diet while the sociodemographic factors of age, gender and ethnicity demonstrated a consistent pattern in correlating with diet quality, consistent with the extant literature. Results provide further insights for policymakers to refine ongoing efforts in relation to healthy dietary practices for Singapore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeow Wee Brian Tan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Jue Hua Lau
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - P V AshaRani
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kumarasan Roystonn
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fiona Devi
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Ying Lee
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Clare Whitton
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Western Australia, 6102, Bentley, Australia
| | - Peizhi Wang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saleha Shafie
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sherilyn Chang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anitha Jeyagurunathan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Boon Yiang Chua
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edimansyah Abdin
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Fang Sum
- Admiralty Medical Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 676 Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng Sing Lee
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Fusionopolis Link. Nexus@One-North, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
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Liu T, Yang X, Wu Y, Chen M, Yang Y, Chen Y, Wang Y, Zhou J, Xu K, Wang N, Fu C. Unhealthy Dietary Patterns Increased Risks of Incident Obesity: A Prospective Cohort Study in Southwest China. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:3111-3120. [PMID: 36237967 PMCID: PMC9553234 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s377901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Few studies have explored the associations between diet patterns and incident obesity in China. This study aimed to explore associations between dietary patterns and incident obesity in a prospective community-population cohort in Southwest China. PATIENTS AND METHODS Totally, 5742 adult residents from Guizhou province were eligible for this analysis. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle, history of chronic diseases, and dietary patterns measured by hundred-item food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were collected at the baseline study. Four dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis. Cox proportional hazard models stratified by physical activity were used to explore the association and estimate adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Among 5742 subjects, the average age was 45.06 ± 15.21 years old and more than half were women. During the follow-up of 40,524.15 person years (PYs), the overall incidence rate of obesity was 10.54/1000PYs. After the adjustment for possible confounding factors, subjects with the third (aHR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.14-2.00) and the fourth quartile (aHR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.10-1.94) of junk food patterns had statistically increased risk of incident obesity compared to those with the first quartile. Also, subjects with the third quartile of the western pattern had significantly higher risk of incident obesity (aHR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.01-1.75) than those with the first quartile. CONCLUSION There was a high risk in incident obesity among Chinese community population of Southwest China and unhealthy diet significantly increased risk of developing obesity. The findings indicated that effective and targeted measures to improve dietary patterns need to be undertaken urgently in Southwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiulu Yang
- School of Public Health; NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanli Wu
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- School of Public Health; NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Public Health; NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiying Wang
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, 550004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kelin Xu
- School of Public Health; NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- School of Public Health; NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaowei Fu
- School of Public Health; NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Chaowei Fu, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety; NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 21 33563933, Email
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Su Y, Du S, Yang M, Wu J, Lu H, Wang X. Socioeconomic Determinants of Diet Quality on Overweight and Obesity in Adults Aged 40-59 Years in Inner Mongolia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Public Health 2021; 66:1604107. [PMID: 34819829 PMCID: PMC8607545 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2021.1604107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study investigated the relationship of socioeconomic status (SES), diet quality and overweight and obesity in adults aged 40-59 years in Inner Mongolia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on the survey of Chronic Disease and Nutrition Monitoring in Adults in Inner Mongolia in 2015. Diet quality was evaluated by the Alternate Mediterranean Diet score (aMeds). SES was measured by household annual income. Generalized estimating equations and path analysis were performed to determine the association of SES, diet quality and overweight and obesity. Results: Among participants, 63.0% had overweight and obesity. In high SES group, 66.4% had overweight and obesity. Higher SES was associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity (OR = 1.352, 95%CI: 1.020-1.793). And higher aMeds was associated with a lower risk of overweight and obesity (OR = 0.597, 95%CI: 0.419-0.851). There was a positive correlation between SES and the intake of red and processed meat (r = 0.132, p < 0.05). Higher intake of red and processed meat was associated with lower diet quality (β = -0.34). And lower diet quality was associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity (β = -0.10). Conclusion: In Inner Mongolia, during the period of economic transition, people aged 40-59 years in high SES had poor diet quality, which was related to a higher risk of overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuenan Su
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Sha Du
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jing Wu
- National Center for Chronic and Non-Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Haiwen Lu
- Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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Trajectories of Dietary Patterns and Their Associations with Overweight/Obesity among Chinese Adults: China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991-2018. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082835. [PMID: 34444995 PMCID: PMC8401187 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is essential to understand the impact of different dietary pattern trajectories on health over time. Therefore, we aimed to explore the long-term trajectories of dietary patterns among Chinese adults and examine the prospective association between different trajectory groups and the risk of overweight/obesity. The sample was 9299 adults aged 18 years or older from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) between 1991 and 2018. We used factor analysis to identify dietary patterns and group-based trajectory modeling to identify dietary pattern trajectories. Three trajectories of a southern pattern and a modern pattern and four trajectories of a meat pattern were identified. Participants who followed the highest initial score and a slight decrease trajectory (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.54) of the meat dietary pattern were positively associated with risk of overweight/obesity when compared with the lowest initial score trajectory. The southern dietary pattern and the modern dietary pattern trajectories of participants in Group 2 (OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.81; OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.91) and Group 3 (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.91; OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.90) were associated with lower risk of overweight/obesity when compared with Group 1. We observed that dietary pattern trajectories have different associations with overweight/obesity among Chinese adults.
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14
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Zhang Q, Liu Z, Hu W, Chen X, Li J, Wan Q, Zhao J, Ruan Y, Dao B, Li Y, Min X. Social capital and dietary patterns in three ethnic minority groups native to Yunnan Province, Southwest China. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256078. [PMID: 34383859 PMCID: PMC8360576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have focused on the influencing factors of dietary practices among ethnic minority groups in China, particularly from a social capital perspective. METHODS Between May and September 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among adults (n = 1,813) from three ethnic minority communities (A Chang, De Ang and Jing Po) in Yunnan Province, Southwest China. Dietary intakes during the past 12 months were measured with a 100-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and two forms of social capital (bonding and bridging) were measured using the validated Personal Social Capital Scale 16 (PSCS-16). Principal component factor analysis was used to derive dietary patterns from 20 food groups. Multivariate linear regressions were used to examine the associations between social capital and dietary patterns. RESULTS Two distinct dietary patterns were identified: the traditional and the modern. The traditional pattern was characterized by high consumptions of tubers, poultry, rice, fruits, vegetables and low consumptions of oil and salt, whereas the modern pattern was highly correlated with egg, nut, beverage, snack and oil consumptions. After adjusted for potential confounders, the modern pattern was positively associated with bonding capital (β = 0.066; 95%CI: 0.058, 0.075) and negatively associated with bridging capital (β = -0.017; 95%CI: -0.024, -0.010). CONCLUSION In conclusion, an unhealthy dietary pattern was identified among the ethnic minority groups in Southwest China. The influences of people's social connections on dietary behaviors should be considered in designing and implementing nutrition intervention programs for the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Zhitao Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Wenmin Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Xinguang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Qingqing Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan Ruan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Baoqing Dao
- Department of Public Health, Dehong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Mangshi, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Department of Health Education, Lanping Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanping, China
| | - Xiangdong Min
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
- * E-mail:
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15
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Cong N, Zhao A, Gong P. Food Delivery Platform: A Potential Tool for Monitoring the Food Environment and Mitigating Overweight/Obesity in China. Front Nutr 2021; 8:703090. [PMID: 34395497 PMCID: PMC8357991 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.703090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Na Cong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Gong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Education Ecological Field Station for East Asian Migratory Birds, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Departments of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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16
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Hu R, Eussen SRBM, Sijtsma FPC, Papi B, Stahl B, Jin Y, Mank M, Li J, Wang Z. Maternal dietary patterns are associated with human milk composition in Chinese lactating women. Nutrition 2021; 91-92:111392. [PMID: 34303959 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dietary patterns are a useful tool to study the impact of overall maternal diet on human milk (HM) composition beyond single foods or nutrients. The present study aimed to identify dietary patterns among Chinese lactating women and assess their associations with HM macronutrient composition. METHODS Dietary intake data and HM samples were collected from 122 Chinese mothers at three to five study visits during the first 52 d postpartum. Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis. Cross-sectional associations of dietary patterns and HM macronutrients were assessed using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for total energy intake. All analyses were done separately for colostrum (postpartum days 0-7) and mature milk (postpartum days 8-52). RESULTS Four dietary patterns were identified: high-in-animal-foods, high-in-eggs, high-in-plant-foods, and high-in-fruits. Compared with the lowest tertile (T1), participants in the highest tertile (T3) of the high-in-animal-foods and high-in-plant-foods patterns had lower protein (respectively, T3 - T1 = -1.09 g/100 mL, Ptrend = 0.002; T3 - T1 = -0.54 g/100 mL, Ptrend = 0.001) and higher fat (respectively, T3 - T1 = 0.86 g/100 mL, Ptrend = 0.040; T3 - T1 = 0.40 g/100 mL, Ptrend = 0.004) concentrations in colostrum. In contrast, in mature milk the high-in-animal-foods pattern was positively associated with carbohydrates (T3 - T1 = 0.53 g/100 mL, Ptrend = 0.008) and the high-in-plant-foods pattern was negatively associated with fat (T3 - T1 = -0.64 g/100 mL, Ptrend = 0.002). The high-in-eggs pattern was weakly positively associated with protein concentration in mature milk (T3 - T1 = 0.10 g/100 mL, Ptrend = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS Maternal dietary patterns with high proportions of animal and plant-based foods were associated with higher fat and lower protein concentrations in colostrum. Different associations were found in mature milk. Dietary-pattern analysis provides an opportunity to characterize total diet and may be more predictive of HM composition than single foods or nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Bianca Papi
- Medtronic Brain and Spine Therapies, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Stahl
- Medtronic Brain and Spine Therapies, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yi Jin
- Danone Nutricia Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Marko Mank
- Medtronic Brain and Spine Therapies, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixu Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Ruan Y, Huang Y, Zhang Q, Qin S, Du X, Sun Y. Association between dietary patterns and hypertension among Han and multi-ethnic population in southwest China. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1106. [PMID: 30200909 PMCID: PMC6131804 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Different dietary patterns and the risks of hypertension in various diet exposures among multi-ethnic population in southwest China remain extremely scarce. The aim of this study is to identify dietary patterns and explore the association between dietary patterns and the risk of hypertension among Han and multi-ethnic population in southwest China. Methods A representative sample of 3591 participants of Han, and multi-ethnic population were recruited by stratified cluster sampling in Diqing of Yunnan Province, southwest China from September 2012 to January 2013. Participants who were under 18 years old or who could not clearly answer the questions and those who used the anti-hypertensive medication were excluded from this survey. All participants reported their dietary intakes using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), and their blood pressures were measured by standardized procedures. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis with principal component. Logistic regression was used to explore the association between dietary patterns and hypertension. Results The overall prevalence of hypertension was 30.5% among Han and multi-ethnic population in Diqing, Yunnan Province. Three dietary patterns were identified in this study, defined as ‘Grassland healthy’, ‘Tuber and meat’, and ‘Fruit and vegetable’. Participants in the 5th quintile of the three dietary patterns were at a lower risk of hypertension compared with those in the 1st quintile. The odds ratio (OR) for the 5th quintile of ‘Grassland healthy’ pattern, ‘Tuber and meat’ and ‘Fruit and vegetable’ was 0.693 (95% CI: 0.537–0.893, p = 0.005), 0.678 (95% CI: 0.530–0.868, p = 0.002), 0.759 (95% CI: 0.593–0.970, p = 0.028), respectively. After further adjustment of participants’ age, the negative association between the ‘Grassland healthy’ pattern and the prevalence of hypertension persisted (OR = 0.703, 95% CI: 0.535–0.924, p = 0.012). However, the significant associations between the other two dietary patterns and hypertension disappeared. Conclusions The ‘Grassland healthy’ dietary pattern is associated with lower risk of hypertension, whereas there is no significant associations between the other two dietary patterns and hypertension among Han and multi-ethnic population in Diqing of Yunnan province, southwest China. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-6003-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ruan
- Department of nutrition and food hygiene, Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), No.158 Dongsi Street, Kunming, 650022, Yunnan, China.
| | - Yongshou Huang
- People's hospital of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, No. 19 Chicika Street, Shangri-la, Diqing, 674400, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of nutrition and food hygiene, Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), No.158 Dongsi Street, Kunming, 650022, Yunnan, China
| | - Shu Qin
- CDC of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, No. 88 Ren'an Road, Shangri-la, Diqing, 674400, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Du
- CDC of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, No. 88 Ren'an Road, Shangri-la, Diqing, 674400, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongxin Sun
- People's hospital of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, No. 19 Chicika Street, Shangri-la, Diqing, 674400, Yunnan, China
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Agodi A, Maugeri A, Kunzova S, Sochor O, Bauerova H, Kiacova N, Barchitta M, Vinciguerra M. Association of Dietary Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome: Results from the Kardiovize Brno 2030 Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10070898. [PMID: 30011827 PMCID: PMC6073665 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although metabolic syndrome (MetS) could be handled by lifestyle interventions, its relationship with dietary patterns remains unclear in populations from Central Europe. Using data from the Kardiovize Brno cohort, the present study aims to identify the main dietary patterns and to evaluate their association with MetS risk in a random urban sample from Brno, Czech Republic. In a cross-sectional study of 1934 subjects aged 25–65 years (44.3% male), dietary patterns were derived by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) administration and principal component analysis. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation statement. Logistic regression models were applied. High adherence to the prudent dietary pattern was associated with lower odds of abdominal obesity, abnormal glucose concentration, and MetS. By contrast, high adherence to the western dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of abnormal glucose, triglycerides and blood pressure levels. Whilst our results confirm the deleterious effect of a western dietary pattern on several metabolic risk factors, they also indicate that the consumption of a diet rich in cereals, fish, fruit and vegetables is associated with a healthier metabolic profile. However, further prospective research is warranted to develop and validate novel potential preventive strategies against MetS and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Agodi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Andrea Maugeri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Sarka Kunzova
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Sochor
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Bauerova
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Nikola Kiacova
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Martina Barchitta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, via S. Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), London NW3 2PF, UK.
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Dietary Patterns in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome among Adults in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9121366. [PMID: 29258212 PMCID: PMC5748816 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In several populations the associations between diet and the risk of metabolic syndrome have not been fully examined yet. The aim of the study is to identify the main dietary patterns among Polish adults and the evaluation of the relationships of these patterns with metabolic syndrome and its components. The study was conducted on a group of 7997 participants, aged between 37 and 66 years old. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation. Three dietary patterns were identified and designated as: "Healthy", "Westernized" and "Traditional-carbohydrate". In the adjusted model, a higher score in the "Westernized" pattern aligns with a higher risk of abnormal glucose concentration (ptrend = 0.000), but with a lower risk of abnormal High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol HDL-cholesterol concentration (ptrend = 0.024). Higher scores in the "Traditional-carbohydrate" pattern were connected with the risk of abdominal obesity (ptrend = 0.001) and increased triglycerides concentration (ptrend = 0.050). Our results suggest that adherence to the "Traditional-carbohydrate" dietary pattern, characterized by higher intakes of refined grains, potatoes, sugar and sweets is associated with a higher risk of abdominal obesity and triglyceridemia. A "Westernized" dietary pattern on the other hand, is related to hyperglycemia. The study results can be used for community-based health promotion and intervention programs to prevent or better manage chronic diseases.
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