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Gao K, Su Z, Meng J, Yao Y, Li L, Su Y, Mohammad Rahimi GR. Effect of Exercise Training on Some Anti-Inflammatory Adipokines, High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, and Clinical Outcomes in Sedentary Adults With Metabolic Syndrome. Biol Res Nurs 2024; 26:125-138. [PMID: 37579279 DOI: 10.1177/10998004231195541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic interval training and resistance training on anti-inflammatory adipokines, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and clinical outcomes in sedentary men with metabolic syndrome. METHODS A total of 33 sedentary men with metabolic syndrome (age: 46.2 ± 4.6 years; body mass index: 35.4 ± 1.9 kg.m2) were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: aerobic interval training (n = 12), resistance training (n = 10), or control (n = 11). Participants in the exercise groups completed a 12-week training program, 3 sessions per week, while those in the control group maintained their sedentary lifestyle. The levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), omentin-1, adiponectin, lipid profiles, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, body composition, and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) were measured at baseline and after the intervention. RESULTS Both aerobic interval training and resistance training significantly improved the levels of omentin-1 and adiponectin, as well as reduced inflammation, as indicated by a decrease in hs-CRP levels. Exercise training also led to significant improvements in lipid profiles, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and body composition. Specifically, the aerobic interval training group had significantly greater increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and VO2peak, as well as greater reductions in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol compared to the resistance training group. CONCLUSION Exercise training, particularly aerobic interval training and resistance training, can be an effective non-pharmacological intervention for managing inflammation and improving cardiovascular health in metabolic syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhanguo Su
- Faculty of Physical Education, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, China
- International College, Krirk University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Junyan Meng
- Faculty of Physical Education, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, China
| | - Yuzhong Yao
- International College, Krirk University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - LiGuang Li
- International College, Krirk University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yiping Su
- Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitity Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim, Malaysia
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Hernández-Torres R, Alaniz-Cantu E, Bautista Rojas MV, Lara D, Merritt S, DeJesus E, D’Abundo ML, McIntosh S, Ossip DJ, Fuller D, Rivera MP, Cupertino AP, Cartujano-Barrera F. Understanding the Perspectives of Latino Adults Who Smoke on Physical Activity: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3128. [PMID: 36833833 PMCID: PMC9964119 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Smoking and sedentary lifestyle frequently co-occur among Latinos. Evidence suggests that moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) may enhance smoking cessation rates. However, this synergistic phenomenon has not been studied among Latinos, the largest minority group in the United States. This qualitative study consisted of semi-structured interviews in English or Spanish with Latino adults who smoke (n = 20) to understand their perspectives on physical activity. Participants were recruited using community-based recruitment strategies. The Health Belief Model was used as a framework for qualitative theoretical analysis. Multiple perceived benefits (e.g., mood management, strategy to quit smoking), susceptibility (e.g., risk of cardiovascular diseases, physical impairment), and barriers (e.g., lack of social support, low financial resources) of being physically active were identified. Moreover, multiple cues to action to do physical activity (e.g., being a role model, spending time with family and friends) were identified. These factors provide concrete operational strategies to address smoking cessation and physical activity among Latinos. Further research is needed on how best to integrate these perspectives into smoking cessation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edgar Alaniz-Cantu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | | | - Daimarelys Lara
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Sarah Merritt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Elisa DeJesus
- Health Literacy & Language Services, Ibero-American Action League, Inc., Rochester, NY 14605, USA
| | - Michelle Lee D’Abundo
- Department of Interprofessional Health Sciences and Health Administration, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Scott McIntosh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Deborah J. Ossip
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Daniel Fuller
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - M. Patricia Rivera
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Mavragani A, Woodworth A, Mehrabadi MA. The Relationship Between Exercise Habits and Stress Among Individuals With Access to Internet-Connected Home Fitness Equipment: Single-Group Prospective Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e41877. [PMID: 36719817 PMCID: PMC9947760 DOI: 10.2196/41877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) confers numerous benefits to health and health care costs, yet most adults are not meeting recommended PA guidelines. Stress may be a factor that influences PA behavior. Research investigating the impact of stress on PA has yielded inconsistent findings. Most studies find that stress negatively impacts PA, but there is some evidence that habitual exercising buffers this association. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the relationship between stress and exercise habits among habitual exercisers with internet-connected home fitness equipment (Peloton Bike) during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS Participants were recruited through Facebook (N=146) and asked to complete an internet-based survey that assessed COVID-19-related stressors, perceived stress associated with those stressors, and general perceived stress. Self-reported exercise was assessed on the survey using the Godin Leisure-time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ). Participants were also asked for consent to access their Peloton usage data through the Peloton platform. From their usage data, the frequency and duration of cycling classes was calculated for 4 weeks prior to and 12 weeks following the survey. Hierarchical regression equations tested the association between stress reported on the survey and subsequent exercise participation. Exercise participation was quantified both as the frequency and duration of Peloton cycling over the 12 weeks following the survey and as self-reported moderate to vigorous activity on a second survey completed by a subset of participants 12 weeks after the initial survey. RESULTS There were 146 participants in our Peloton analysis sample and 66 in the self-reported exercise analysis. Peloton user data showed that study participants cycled frequently (mean 5.9 times per week) in the month prior to the initial survey, and that presurvey Peloton use was a strong predictor of exercise frequency (R2=0.57; F2,143=95.27; P<.001) and duration (R2=0.58; F2,143=102.58; P<.001) for the 12 subsequent weeks. Self-reported overall exercise likewise showed that this sample was very active, with an average of more than 8 times per week of moderate to vigorous exercise at the initial survey. Self-reported exercise on the initial survey was a strong predictor of self-reported exercise 12 weeks later (R2=0.31; F1,64=29.03; P<.001). Perceived stress did not impact Peloton cycling duration or frequency (P=.81 and .76, respectively) or self-reported exercise (P=.28). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that stress did not negatively impact exercise participation among habitually active adults with access to internet-connected home fitness equipment. Habitual exercise may buffer the impact of stress on participation in regular moderate to vigorous activity. Future research should examine the role that the availability of home-based internet-connected exercise equipment may play in this buffering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Woodworth
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Milad Asgari Mehrabadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Wang Z, Zan X, Li Y, Lu Y, Xia Y, Pan X. Comparative efficacy different resistance training protocols on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1105303. [PMID: 36824476 PMCID: PMC9941565 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1105303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To systematically review the effects of different resistance training (RT) protocols on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the resistance training in improving bone mineral density for postmenopausal women were searched in databases including ProQuest, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science. The retrieval time range was from the establishment of the database to May 2022. The included literature was independently screened and relevant data was extracted by two reviewers. The systematic review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for reviews of quantitative evidence. Quality of risk was assessed using the Physical Therapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, risk of bias was assessedusing the Cochrane RoB2 tool and a network Meta-analysis was performed on the data using Stata 16.0. Results: A total of 19 studies, which included 919 subjects, were eventually acquired. The results of the network Meta-analysis showed that moderate intensity resistance training was superior in improving lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS BMD) and femoral neck bone mineral density (FN BMD) compared to the control group (as per usual daily life), with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). There was, however, no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of increasing total hip bone mineral density (TH BMD) and trochanter bone mineral density (Troch BMD), although moderate intensity training tends to increase bone mineral density (p > 0.05). In addition, when training frequency is taken into consideration, 3 days/week of moderate intensity training (3MI) was superior to 2 days/week (2MI) in improving lumbar spine bone mineral density , and moderate intensity training was superior to low and high intensity resistance trainings at training frequency of 3 day/week, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The cumulative probability ranking results indicated that 3MI was the optimal option in improving lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip and Troch bone mineral density. Subgroup analyses combining interventions time showed that for lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density, 3MI protocol with intervention duration within 1 year (≤48 weeks) had a significant advantage over other interventions, while this advantage was no longer significant with the intervention duration of more than 1 year (>48 weeks). Conclusion: Current evidence shows that moderate intensity resistance training for 3 days/week can be preferred clinically to improve bone mineral density in postmenopausal women, and it is recommended that the duration of the same training should not exceed 1 year. Nevertheless, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingchun Zan
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongjie Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Jishuitan HospitalGuizhouHospital, Guiyang, China,*Correspondence: Yongjie Li,
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincicial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Xia
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyong Pan
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
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Macdonald E, Buchan D, Cerexhe L, Renfrew L, Sculthorpe N. Accelerometer measured physical activity and sedentary time in individuals with multiple sclerosis versus age matched controls: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 69:104462. [PMID: 36521386 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.104462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) find it more difficult to engage in physical activity (PA) than healthy controls. Accelerometers can be used to measure sedentary time and free-living physical activity, understanding the differences between PwMS and controls can help inform changes such as interventions to promote a more active lifestyle. This in turn will help prevent secondary conditions and reduce symptom progression. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on accelerometer measured sedentary behavior and physical activity between PwMS and healthy controls. METHODS A systematic search of five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, Science Direct and CINAHIL) from inception until 22nd November 2019. Inclusion criteria was (1) included a group of participants with a definite diagnosis of multiple sclerosis of any type; (2) have 3 or more days of PA monitoring using accelerometers during free living conditions; (3) include age matched healthy controls; (4) assess adults over the age of 18; (5) reported data had to have been reported in a manner suitable for quantitative pooling including: percent of time spent sedentary, minutes per day of sedentary, light, moderate, vigorous activity (moderate and vigorous totaled together), steps per day or counts per day. RESULTS Initial search produced 9021 papers, after applying inclusion criteria 21 eligible papers were included in the study. One paper was a longitudinal study from which only baseline data was included. One paper was a reliability and validity study, with data for PwMS versus controls in the validity section. All other papers are cross sectional, with one being a pilot study and another a random control study. One paper used two devices in unison, only one set of data is included in the statistics. Outcome data was available for 1098 participants, 579 PwMS and 519 healthy controls. Significant differences were seen in all categories tested: (1) sedentary time (min/day), standard mean difference -0.286, P = 0.044, n = 4 studies; (2) relative sedentary time (%/day), standard mean difference -0.646, P = 0.000, n = 5 studies; (3) LPA (min/day), standard mean difference 0.337, P = 0.039, n = 5 studies; (4) relative LPA (%/day), standard mean difference 0.211, P = 0.152, n = studies; (5) MVPA (min/day), standard mean difference 0.801, P = 0.000, n = 8 studies; (6) relative MVPA (%/day), mean difference 0.914, P = 0.000, n = 5 studies; (7) step count, standard mean difference 0.894, P = 0.000, n = 8 studies; (8) activity count, standard mean difference 0.693, P = 0.000, n = 13 studies. CONCLUSION PwMS are more sedentary and engage in less LPA, MVPA, steps per day and accelerometer counts per day than healthy controls when measured using accelerometers during free-living conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilidh Macdonald
- Institute of Clinical Exercise & Health Sciences, School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Stephenson Place, Hamilton International Technology Park, South Lanarkshire, Scotland G72 0HL, United Kingdom.
| | - Duncan Buchan
- Institute of Clinical Exercise & Health Sciences, School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Stephenson Place, Hamilton International Technology Park, South Lanarkshire, Scotland G72 0HL, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Cerexhe
- Institute of Clinical Exercise & Health Sciences, School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Stephenson Place, Hamilton International Technology Park, South Lanarkshire, Scotland G72 0HL, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Renfrew
- Douglas Grant Rehabilitation Unit, Ayrshire Central Hospital, Kilwinning Road, Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland KA12 8SS, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Sculthorpe
- Institute of Clinical Exercise & Health Sciences, School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Stephenson Place, Hamilton International Technology Park, South Lanarkshire, Scotland G72 0HL, United Kingdom
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The Effect of Self-Paced Exercise Intensity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness on Frontal Grey Matter Volume in Cognitively Normal Older Adults: A Randomised Controlled Trial. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2022; 28:902-915. [PMID: 34549700 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617721001132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exercise has been found to be important in maintaining neurocognitive health. However, the effect of exercise intensity level remains relatively underexplored. Thus, to test the hypothesis that self-paced high-intensity exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness (peak aerobic capacity; VO2peak) increase grey matter (GM) volume, we examined the effect of a 6-month exercise intervention on frontal lobe GM regions that support the executive functions in older adults. METHODS Ninety-eight cognitively normal participants (age = 69.06 ± 5.2 years; n = 54 female) were randomised into either a self-paced high- or moderate-intensity cycle-based exercise intervention group, or a no-intervention control group. Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging and fitness assessment pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and 12-months post-intervention. RESULTS The intervention was found to increase fitness in the exercise groups, as compared with the control group (F = 9.88, p = <0.001). Changes in pre-to-post-intervention fitness were associated with increased volume in the right frontal lobe (β = 0.29, p = 0.036, r = 0.27), right supplementary motor area (β = 0.30, p = 0.031, r = 0.29), and both right (β = 0.32, p = 0.034, r = 0.30) and left gyrus rectus (β = 0.30, p = 0.037, r = 0.29) for intervention, but not control participants. No differences in volume were observed across groups. CONCLUSIONS At an aggregate level, six months of self-paced high- or moderate-intensity exercise did not increase frontal GM volume. However, experimentally-induced changes in individual cardiorespiratory fitness was positively associated with frontal GM volume in our sample of older adults. These results provide evidence of individual variability in exercise-induced fitness on brain structure.
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Pluto-Pradzynska A, Pluto-Pradzynska K, Frydrychowicz M, Lagiedo-Zelazowska M, Owoc J, Benjamin S, Au TY, Jaracz K, Dworacki G, Wysocki J, Wasik J. Are yoga and physical activity determinants of quality of life in Polish adults? a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059658. [PMID: 36167364 PMCID: PMC9516201 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Yoga is an ancient form of physical activity (PA) that encompasses meditation, stretching and breathing techniques. Although the benefits of PA and associated lifestyle interventions are clear, we here addressed the paucity of evidence regarding the specific relationship between yoga and quality of life (QOL) in adults in Poland. We hypothesised that participation in PA and yoga could result in a positive impact on QOL. DESIGN Cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire-based survey. Both the quantitative and qualitative variables were statistically compared. Multivariate analyses were performed using linear regression. Results were determined based on age, sex and education level; a p<0.05 was considered significant. SETTING Questionnaires were delivered to participants online, at high schools and universities, and in elderly communities in Poland. PARTICIPANTS 714 polish citizens aged over 18 participated in the study; there are no specific entry and exclusion criteria besides age. RESULTS Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were observed between the QOL of the physically active group (PAG) and non-PAG (N-PAG). Meanwhile, yoga practice was revealed to have a significant effect on QOL; QOL was found to be statistically higher (p<0.001) in the PAG with yoga (PAG-Y) (4.29±0.66) than in the N-PAG (3.83±0.92) and PAG without yoga (4.07±0.68). CONCLUSIONS The study shows that both regular PA and yoga practices could improve QOL; however, PAG-Y produced higher QOL scores than PA of other types. This outcome may be explained by the impact of physiological and psychological aspects within yoga practice. These results suggest that this unique combination impacts health more positively than other kinds of PA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Pluto-Pradzynska
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Karolina Pluto-Pradzynska
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Faculty of Educational Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Frydrychowicz
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Lagiedo-Zelazowska
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jakub Owoc
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Shamiram Benjamin
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tsz Yuen Au
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krystyna Jaracz
- Department of Neurological Nursing, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Dworacki
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jacek Wysocki
- Chair of Health Prevention, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jacek Wasik
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Czestochowa, Poland
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Fortuin-de Smidt MC, Sewe MO, Lassale C, Weiderpass E, Andersson J, Huerta JM, Ekelund U, Aleksandrova K, Tong TY, Dahm CC, Tjønneland A, Kyrø C, Steindorf K, Schulze MB, Katzke V, Sacerdote C, Agnoli C, Masala G, Tumino R, Panico S, Boer JM, Onland-Moret NC, Wendel-Vos GW, van der Schouw YT, Borch KB, Agudo A, Petrova D, Chirlaque MD, Conchi MI, Amiano P, Melander O, Heath AK, Aune D, Forouhi NG, Langenberg C, Brage S, Riboli E, Wareham NJ, Danesh J, Butterworth AS, Wennberg P. Physical activity attenuates but does not eliminate coronary heart disease risk amongst adults with risk factors: EPIC-CVD case-cohort study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:1618-1629. [PMID: 35403197 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the association between physical activity and the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in individuals with and without CHD risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS EPIC-CVD is a case-cohort study of 29 333 participants that included 13 582 incident CHD cases and a randomly selected sub-cohort nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Self-reported physical activity was summarized using the Cambridge physical activity index (inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, and active). Participants were categorized into sub-groups based on the presence or the absence of the following risk factors: obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2), hypercholesterolaemia (total cholesterol ≥6.2 mmol/L), history of diabetes, hypertension (self-reported or ≥140/90 mmHg), and current smoking. Prentice-weighted Cox regression was used to assess the association between physical activity and incident CHD events (non-fatal and fatal).Compared to inactive participants without the respective CHD risk factor (referent), excess CHD risk was highest in physically inactive and lowest in moderately active participants with CHD risk factors. Corresponding excess CHD risk estimates amongst those with obesity were 47% [95% confidence interval (CI) 32-64%] and 21% (95%CI 2-44%), with hypercholesterolaemia were 80% (95%CI 55-108%) and 48% (95%CI 22-81%), with hypertension were 80% (95%CI 65-96%) and 49% (95%CI 28-74%), with diabetes were 142% (95%CI 63-260%), and 100% (95%CI 32-204%), and amongst smokers were 152% (95%CI 122-186%) and 109% (95%CI 74-150%). CONCLUSIONS In people with CHD risk factors, moderate physical activity, equivalent to 40 mins of walking per day, attenuates but does not completely offset CHD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melony C Fortuin-de Smidt
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Universitetstorget 4, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maquins Odhiambo Sewe
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Universitetstorget 4, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Camille Lassale
- Cardiovascular epidemiology and genetics, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C. de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, France
| | - Jonas Andersson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Lasarettsvägen 29, 931 41, Skellefteå, Sweden
| | - José María Huerta
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C. de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Science, Sognsveien 220, 0863 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggata 8, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstraße 30, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 2, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Tammy Yn Tong
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom
| | - Christina C Dahm
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Kyrø
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karen Steindorf
- Division of Physical Activity, Prevention and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute for Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Via Santena 7, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Via Cosimo II Vecchio 2, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Hyblean Association for Epidemiological Research, AIRE-ONLUS, Via Giuseppe di Vittoria 49, 97100, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di medicina clinica e chirurgia, Federico II University, Corso Umberto I 40, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Jolanda Ma Boer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - N Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gc Wanda Wendel-Vos
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne T van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kristin Benjaminsen Borch
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 18, 9019, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Avinguda de la Granvia de l'Hospitalet, 199-203, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
- Nutrition and Cancer Group; Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program; Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Avinguda de la Granvia de l'Hospitalet, 199, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dafina Petrova
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Cta. del Observatorio 4,18011 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), C/ Montforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Chirlaque
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C. de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Moreno Iribas Conchi
- Navarra Public Health Institute, IdiSNA, C. de Irunlarrea, 3, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), C. de Irunlarrea, 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C. de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20013 San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, Paseo Dr Bergiristain, s/n, 20014, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Emergency and Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Carl-Bertil Laurells gata 9, 214 28, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
- Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Lovisenberggata 13, 0456, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Trondheimsveien 235, 0586, Oslo, Norway
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 6, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0SL, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0SL, United Kingdom
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Soren Brage
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0SL, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0SL, United Kingdom
| | - John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Saffron Walden CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, 2 Worts's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Saffron Walden CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Patrik Wennberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Universitetstorget 4, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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9
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Gu P, Liang Z, Zhang H, Zhang D. Effects of Attitudes towards Exercise Behaviour, Use of Sports Apps and COVID-19 on Intentions to Exercise. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091434. [PMID: 36143219 PMCID: PMC9503378 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The sudden outbreak of the novel coronavirus pandemic in 2019 disrupted the normal order of life and work, and the virus is still a major threat prevailing the globe. Confronted with the unknown virus, citizens have been following government policies of COVID-19 treatment and containment, and actively improving their immunity through physical activity (PA). This paper is concerned with ways to guide or promote people’s willingness to exercise, one of the most effective means to boost immunity. Based on the “attitude–intention” correlation defined in the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), this study, by synchronizing online data about workouts, explores the influence of people’s attitudes towards PA behaviour in promoting their intentions to engage in such behaviours as a means to fight the pandemic. In addition, the attitudes towards the use of sports apps and the epidemic are also reckoned with to investigate influencing factors promoting physical activity during the lockdown. The results of the study have been derived from the data of 1223 valid questionnaires, which are subjected to hierarchical regression analysis. Attitudes towards exercise and the use of sports apps are proven to have a significant impact on PA intentions, and the two variables are in direct proportion, with more positive attitudes leading to higher intentions; in contrast, attitudes towards the epidemic do not exhibit an obvious effect. In this light, it is advisable that when clinicians treat COVID-19 patients and medical departments respond to the epidemic, they actively make affirmative influences on peoples’ attitudes towards exercise and formulate appropriate exercise plans based on indicators detected and recorded by sports apps such as vital capacity, heart rate, respiratory index and self-perceived intensity to help them face the risk of the epidemic with more confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gu
- School of Media and Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215031, China
| | - Zeheng Liang
- School of Media and Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215031, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Media and Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215031, China
| | - Dazhi Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou 215031, China
- Correspondence:
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10
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Chen CA, Lai MC, Huang H, Wu CE. Interventions for Body Composition and Upper and Lower Extremity Muscle Strength in Older Adults in Rural Taiwan: A Horizontal Case Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137869. [PMID: 35805529 PMCID: PMC9266035 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to understand the effects of a physical activity program and high-protein supplementation on body composition and upper and lower extremity muscle strength in male older adults in rural areas. In this study, 60 healthy male older adults (mean age 77.5 ± 4.6 years) from rural areas were recruited and randomly assigned to experimental group A (intervention of the physical activity program and high-protein supplementation), experimental group B (daily routine, with only intervention of high-protein supplementation), or control group C (daily routine). Experimental group A (EGa) carried out a physical activity plan three times a week, with an exercise intensity and calorie consumption of 250 kcal (5METs × ⅔hr × 75) for 3 months and drank a high-protein supplement (1.3 g/kg BW/day) after each exercise; experimental group B (EGb) followed only the intervention of high-protein supplementation. All the participants underwent pre- and post-tests for body composition, waist–hip circumference (WC, HC), handgrip strength (HS), 30 s dominant arm curl, 30 s sit to stand, and 2 min step tests. The results of the study showed that EGa significantly decreased body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), body fat percentage (BFP), WC, HC, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and increased basal metabolic rate and muscle mass. Although both EGa and EGb used high-protein supplementation, EGa’s added three-month intervention of a physical activity program made it easier for that group to increase muscle mass and muscle strength. The WHR decreased from 1.015 to 0.931, representing a decrease of 8.28%, and an obvious weight loss effect was achieved. Thus, we concluded that the best way to maintain muscle strength in older adults is through physical activity with resistance and protein supplementation, which can reduce muscle loss in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-An Chen
- Ph.D. Program of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan; (C.-A.C.); (C.-E.W.)
| | - Ming-Chi Lai
- Ph.D. Program of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan; (C.-A.C.); (C.-E.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hsuan Huang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-En Wu
- Ph.D. Program of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan; (C.-A.C.); (C.-E.W.)
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11
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Longitudinal study of the effect of a 5-year exercise intervention on structural brain complexity in older adults. A Generation 100 substudy. Neuroimage 2022; 256:119226. [PMID: 35447353 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity has been identified as an important risk factor for dementia. High levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) have been shown to reduce the risk of dementia. However, the mechanism by which exercise affects brain health is still debated. Fractal dimension (FD) is an index that quantifies the structural complexity of the brain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 5-year exercise intervention on the structural complexity of the brain, measured through the FD, in a subset of 105 healthy older adults participating in the randomized controlled trial Generation 100 Study. The subjects were randomized into control, moderate intensity continuous training, and high intensity interval training groups. Both brain MRI and CRF were acquired at baseline and at 1-, 3- and 5-years follow-ups. Cortical thickness and volume data were extracted with FreeSurfer, and FD of the cortical lobes, cerebral and cerebellar gray and white matter were computed. CRF was measured as peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) using ergospirometry during graded maximal exercise testing. Linear mixed models were used to investigate exercise group differences and possible CRF effects on the brain's structural complexity. Associations between change over time in CRF and FD were performed if there was a significant association between CRF and FD. There were no effects of group membership on the structural complexity. However, we found a positive association between CRF and the cerebral gray matter FD (p < 0.001) and the temporal lobe gray matter FD (p < 0.001). This effect was not present for cortical thickness, suggesting that FD is a more sensitive index of structural changes. The change over time in CRF was associated with the change in temporal lobe gray matter FD from baseline to 5-year follow-up (p < 0.05). No association of the change was found between CRF and cerebral gray matter FD. These results demonstrated that entering old age with high and preserved CRF levels protected against loss of structural complexity in areas sensitive to aging and age-related pathology.
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12
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Interventions to Improve Body Composition, Upper and Lower Extremity Muscle Strength, and Balance Ability of Older Female Adults: An Intervention Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084765. [PMID: 35457632 PMCID: PMC9033118 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to understand the effects of a moderate-intensity physical activity program on the changes observed in the body composition, upper and lower extremity muscle strength, as well as balance in elderly female adults in order to evaluate sarcopenia. In this study, 30 healthy elderly females were recruited and were randomly assigned to either the control group or the experimental group. The experimental group engaged in a moderate-intensity physical activity program twice a week for 8 weeks. Using a body composition analyzer, the senior fitness test, and handgrip strength and gait speed tests, all participants were tested in pre- and post-tests. The results of the study revealed changes in the overall body composition in the experimental group, with significant decreases in body mass index, body fat percentage, and body fat mass and substantial increases in the basal metabolic rate and skeletal muscle mass, while the upper and lower extremity muscle strength and balance ability also showed significant improvements. The moderate-intensity physical activity program also increased upper limb handgrip strength and lower limb gait speed, showing that the plan was able to effectively evaluate sarcopenia. The study concluded that using upper limb handgrip strength and lower limb walking speed to evaluate sarcopenia are useful diagnostic tools. Moderate-intensity physical activity is effective for improving muscle strength and reducing sarcopenia.
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13
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Oliva-Lozano JM, Alacid F, López-Miñarro PA, Muyor JM. What Are the Physical Demands of Sexual Intercourse? A Systematic Review of the Literature. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:1397-1417. [PMID: 35147835 PMCID: PMC8917001 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature investigating the physical demands of sexual intercourse and to synthesize the evidence related to this research topic. Original studies published on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up until April 2020 were examined. The Effective Public Health Practice Project scale was used to assess the methodological quality of each study. Eighteen studies analyzed physical demands during sexual intercourse through the physiological demands (n = 14) and kinematics (n = 4) of sexual intercourse. Sexual intercourse can elicit an energy expenditure of ~ 100 kcal (or ~ 6 metabolic equivalent units, METs) during the activity, mean heart rates between ~ 90 and ~ 130 beats per minute (bpm), and peak heart rates up to ~ 170 bpm. However, these physical demands may vary depending on health status, intercourse position, activity duration, intercourse phase, and sex differences. The movement pattern was cyclic in all positions and the greatest demands in lumbar spine flexion were found in the missionary positions for women. Missionary and side-lying positions elicited the greatest lumbar flexion movement in men. Regarding the movement of the hip joint during sexual intercourse, flexion, abduction, and external rotation mainly characterized the woman's movement while external rotation did so in the man. In conclusion, sexual intercourse may elicit moderate intensity physical demands, but these demands vary depending on contextual variables. In addition, not only studies combining physiological and kinematic analyses are necessary but also more high-quality studies need to be published in order to have a better understanding of the physical demands of sexual intercourse.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Oliva-Lozano
- Health Research Centre, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Almería, Edificio de Humanidades A, Ctra. Sacramento s/n. 04120, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain
| | - Fernando Alacid
- Health Research Centre, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Almería, Edificio de Humanidades A, Ctra. Sacramento s/n. 04120, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain
| | | | - José M Muyor
- Health Research Centre, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Almería, Edificio de Humanidades A, Ctra. Sacramento s/n. 04120, La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain.
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Biomechanics and Ergonomics, Research Central Services, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
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Martinez-Millana A, Michalsen H, Berg V, Anke A, Gil Martinez S, Muzny M, Torrado Vidal JC, Gomez J, Traver V, Jaccheri L, Hartvigsen G. Motivating Physical Activity for Individuals with Intellectual Disability through Indoor Bike Cycling and Exergaming. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052914. [PMID: 35270607 PMCID: PMC8909948 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
People with intellectual disabilities have more sedentary lifestyles than the general population. Regular physical activity is of both medical and social importance, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and promoting functioning in everyday life. Exergames have been envisioned for promoting physical activity; however, most of them are not user-friendly for individuals with intellectual disabilities. In this paper, we report the design, development, and user acceptance of a mobile health solution connected to sensors to motivate physical activity. The system is mounted on an indoor stationary bicycle and an ergometer bike tailored for people with intellectual disabilities. The development process involved the application of user-centered design principles to customize the system for this group. The system was pilot-tested in an institutional house involving six end-users (intervention group) and demonstrated/self-tested to relatives of persons with ID and staff (supervision group). A System Usability Scale and open-ended interview in the supervision group were used to assess the user acceptance and perceived usefulness. Results indicate that the users with an intellectual disability enjoyed using the system, and that respondents believed it was a useful tool to promote physical activity for the users at the institution. The results of this study provide valuable information on beneficial technological interventions to promote regular physical activity for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Martinez-Millana
- Instituto Universitario de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.M.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (G.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Henriette Michalsen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.M.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (G.H.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Valter Berg
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.M.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (G.H.)
| | - Audny Anke
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.M.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (G.H.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Miroslav Muzny
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.M.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (G.H.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Juan Carlos Torrado Vidal
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (J.C.T.V.); (L.J.)
| | - Javier Gomez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Vicente Traver
- Instituto Universitario de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Letizia Jaccheri
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (J.C.T.V.); (L.J.)
| | - Gunnar Hartvigsen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (H.M.); (V.B.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (G.H.)
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15
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Landers MR, Nilsson MH. A theoretical framework for addressing fear of falling avoidance behavior in Parkinson's disease. Physiother Theory Pract 2022; 39:895-911. [PMID: 35180834 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2022.2029655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Postural instability in Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with several downstream consequences that ultimately lead to a greater risk of falling. Among the prominent downstream consequences is fear of falling (FOF), which is both common and problematic in PD. It can lead to a vicious cycle of FOF avoidance behavior that results in more sedentary behavior, physical deconditioning, and weakening of already impaired balance systems. This, in turn, may make the person with PD more susceptible to a future fall even with benign daily tasks. While FOF activity avoidance can be adaptive (appropriate), it can also be maladaptive (inappropriate or exaggerated). When this adaptive and maladaptive FOF avoidance behavior is contextualized to gait/balance performance, it provides a theoretical framework that can be used by clinicians to match patterns of behavior to a concordant treatment approach. In the theoretical framework proposed in this perspective, four different patterns related to FOF avoidance behavior and gait/balance performance are suggested: appropriate avoiders, appropriate non-avoiders, inappropriate avoiders, and inappropriate non-avoiders. For each of the four FOF avoidance behavior patterns, this paper also provides suggested treatment focuses, approaches and recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merrill R Landers
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Maria H Nilsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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16
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Huntula S, Lalert L, Punsawad C. The Effects of Exercise on Aging-Induced Exaggerated Cytokine Responses: An Interdisciplinary Discussion. SCIENTIFICA 2022; 2022:3619362. [PMID: 35106183 PMCID: PMC8801319 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3619362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aging is generally known to be associated with dynamic biological changes, physiological dysfunction, and environmental and psychological decline. Several studies have suggested that aging is associated with increased inflammatory cytokines, causing several diseases. However, the effect of exercise on aging has been less delineated, and the relationships between cytokine activation, aging, and exercise also need further study. Here, we discuss some ideas about the effect of exercise on aging-induced exaggerated cytokine responses and discuss the possible roles of the aging-induced exaggerated cytokine response following exercise. Evidence from these findings suggests that exercise is a beneficially applicable model to use in studies on the mechanisms underlying the age-associated gradated cytokine response, and these results may provide guidelines for health professionals with diverse backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soontaraporn Huntula
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Laddawan Lalert
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Chuchard Punsawad
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Research Center in Tropical Pathobiology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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17
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An Overview on How Exercise with Green Tea Consumption Can Prevent the Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Improve Sports Performance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010218. [PMID: 35010479 PMCID: PMC8750450 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Free radicals are reactive products that have multiple effects on the human body. Endogenous and exogenous antioxidants manage the overproduction of free radicals. However, an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidant factors causes oxidative stress. Exercise and physical activity are factors that increase oxidative stress and disrupts the body’s homeostasis. Intensity and duration of training, training characteristics, and fitness level can have positive or negative effects on oxidative stress. Green tea consumption is recommended for the prevention of a variety of diseases, health maintenance, and weight loss. The effectiveness of green tea is primarily due to the presence of catechins and polyphenols, specifically (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, which has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties based on clinical and animal studies. This review investigates the effect of green tea exercise and their interactive effects on free radicals and sports improvement.
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18
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Physical Activity and Well-Being during the Second COVID19-Related Lockdown in Germany in 2021. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132112172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, lockdown measures were reinstalled and were in place between November 2020 and April 2021, including the closure of physical activity facilities. The aim of the current online survey was to assess the lockdown effects on physical activity and well-being in the general population. Pre-lockdown vs. lockdown differences were tested with the Χ2 test and the Student’s t-test for paired data. Predictor variables to explain compliance with physical activity recommendations were identified using a fixed-effects binary logistic regression analysis. Data of 993 respondents were analyzed. Transport-related and leisure-time physical activity decreased (p < 0.001, d = 0.25, and p < 0.001, d = 0.33, respectively). Compliance with physical activity recommendations decreased from 42.2% to 29.4% (chi2 (1, 1986) = 35.335, p < 0.001, V = 0.13). Well-being decreased significantly (t (990) = 23.405, p < 0.001) by 16.3 points (d = 0.74). Physical activity and well-being declined in German adults during the second COVID-19-related lockdown. Physical activity should be promoted also in light of the emerging evidence on its protective effects against COVID-19.
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Nilsson H, Gustavsson C, Gottvall M, Saboonchi F. Physical activity, post-traumatic stress disorder, and exposure to torture among asylum seekers in Sweden: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:452. [PMID: 34530806 PMCID: PMC8444359 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03461-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forced migrant populations have high rates of trauma-related ill health, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Physical activity (PA) is well-established as an effective stress reliever, while insufficient PA is associated with adverse effects on both mental and physical health. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of different levels of PA and its association with PTSD symptom severity, controlled for exposure to torture, among asylum seekers in Sweden. METHODS A cross-sectional survey study, with data from 455 asylum seekers, originating from Afghanistan, Eritrea, Iraq, Somalia, and Syria, residing at large housing facilities across Sweden. Level of PA was assessed by the Exercise Vital Sign and categorized as; Inactive, Insufficient PA, and Sufficient PA. Prevalence estimates for proportions of different levels of PA were calculated. Analysis of variance were conducted to determine the association between levels of PA and PTSD symptom severity, measured by the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the contribution of PA on PTSD beyond sex, age, and exposure to torture. RESULTS About half of the participants (53.3, 95% CI: 48.6-58.1) met the recommendations for Sufficient PA. One third of the participants (33.3, 95% CI: 28.7-37.8) were insufficiently engaged in PA, and 13.4% (95% CI: 10.1-16.7) were inactive. There was a significant difference in PTSD symptom severity between groups of asylum seekers with different levels of PA (F(2, 316) = 23.15, p < .001). When controlling for sex, age, and exposure to torture, Sufficient PA was found to be associated with less PTSD symptom severity compared to both Insufficient PA (B = 0.297, SE = 0.086, p < .001) and Inactive (B = 0.789, SE = 0.104, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Insufficient PA was common among the asylum seekers and our findings suggest that more PA is highly associated with lower PTSD symptom severity. An increased focus on assessment and promotion of PA is justified and discussed as particularly pertinent considering the much extended time of asylum-seeking processes. The results support previous evidence of PA as a potentially important factor in the context of PTSD and forced migrants' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Nilsson
- Department of Health Sciences, The Swedish Red Cross University College, PO Box 1059, SE-141 21 Huddinge, Sweden
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- The Swedish Red Cross Treatment Center for Persons Affected by War and Torture, PO Box 166, SE-201 21 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Catharina Gustavsson
- Department of Health Sciences, The Swedish Red Cross University College, PO Box 1059, SE-141 21 Huddinge, Sweden
- Center for Clinical Research Dalarna, Uppsala University, Nissers väg 3, SE-791 82 Falun, Sweden
| | - Maria Gottvall
- Department of Health Sciences, The Swedish Red Cross University College, PO Box 1059, SE-141 21 Huddinge, Sweden
- Clinical Psychology in Health Care, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Saboonchi
- Department of Health Sciences, The Swedish Red Cross University College, PO Box 1059, SE-141 21 Huddinge, Sweden
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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Hayes LD, Elliott BT, Yasar Z, Bampouras TM, Sculthorpe NF, Sanal-Hayes NEM, Hurst C. High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) as a Potential Countermeasure for Phenotypic Characteristics of Sarcopenia: A Scoping Review. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715044. [PMID: 34504439 PMCID: PMC8423251 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia is defined as a progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle quantity and function associated predominantly with aging. Physical activity appears the most promising intervention to attenuate sarcopenia, yet physical activity guidelines are rarely met. In recent years high intensity interval training (HIIT) has garnered interested in athletic populations, clinical populations, and general population alike. There is emerging evidence of the efficacy of HIIT in the young old (i.e. seventh decade of life), yet data concerning the oldest old (i.e., ninth decade of life onwards), and those diagnosed with sarcopenic are sparse. Objectives: In this scoping review of the literature, we aggregated information regarding HIIT as a potential intervention to attenuate phenotypic characteristics of sarcopenia. Eligibility Criteria: Original investigations concerning the impact of HIIT on muscle function, muscle quantity or quality, and physical performance in older individuals (mean age ≥60 years of age) were considered. Sources of Evidence: Five electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [CENTRAL]) were searched. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley methodological framework (2005). Review selection and characterization were performed by two independent reviewers using pretested forms. Results: Authors reviewed 1,063 titles and abstracts for inclusion with 74 selected for full text review. Thirty-two studies were analyzed. Twenty-seven studies had a mean participant age in the 60s, two in the 70s, and three in the 80s. There were 20 studies which examined the effect of HIIT on muscle function, 22 which examined muscle quantity, and 12 which examined physical performance. HIIT was generally effective in Improving muscle function and physical performance compared to non-exercised controls, moderate intensity continuous training, or pre-HIIT (study design-dependent), with more ambiguity concerning muscle quantity. Conclusions: Most studies presented herein utilized outcome measures defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). However, there are too few studies investigating any form of HIIT in the oldest old (i.e., ≥80 years of age), or those already sarcopenic. Therefore, more intervention studies are needed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence D Hayes
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, United Kingdom
| | - Bradley T Elliott
- Translational Physiology Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zerbu Yasar
- Active Ageing Research Group, Institute of Health, University of Cumbria, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Theodoros M Bampouras
- Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom.,The Centre for Ageing Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas F Sculthorpe
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christopher Hurst
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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21
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Fawole HO, Felson DT, Frey-Law LA, Jafarzadeh SR, Dell'Isola A, Steultjens MP, Nevitt MC, Lewis CE, Riskowski JL, Chastin S. Is the association between physical activity and fatigue mediated by physical function or depressive symptoms in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis? The Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. Scand J Rheumatol 2021; 50:372-380. [PMID: 33749506 PMCID: PMC8448897 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2020.1854850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To examine whether physical activity (PA) was associated with fatigue, and quantify the extent of potential mediation through depressive symptoms or physical function (PF) on the relationship between PA and fatigue in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Method: This longitudinal study used data from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (n = 484), comprising subjects aged ≥ 50 years. Baseline PA was quantified via an ankle-worn accelerometer. The outcome was fatigue, measured using a 0-10 rating scale at 2 year follow-up. Mediators included gait speed as a measure of PF and depressive symptoms at 2 year follow-up. Mediation analysis was carried out after adjustment for baseline confounders. Stratified analysis by baseline fatigue status [no/low (< 4) and high (≥ 4) fatigue] was performed.Results: A significant direct association was found between PA and fatigue at 2 years [unstandardized coefficient (B) = -0.054; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.107, -0.002, p = 0.041]. The PA-fatigue relationship was not mediated by gait speed (B = -0.006; 95% CI -0.018, 0.001) or depressive symptoms (B = 0.009; 95% CI 0.009, 0.028). In the subgroup with high baseline fatigue, direct associations were found between PA and fatigue (gait speed model:, B = -0.107; 95% CI -0.212, -0.002, p = 0.046; depressive symptoms model: B = -0.110; 95% CI -0.120, -0.020, p = 0.017); but in the no/low baseline fatigue group, no significant association was found between PA and fatigue.Conclusion: In the symptomatic KOA population, higher baseline PA was directly associated with reduced fatigue 2 years later, especially in those with high baseline fatigue. However, this relationship was not mediated by depressive symptoms or PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- H O Fawole
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Nigeria
- Centre for Living, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - D T Felson
- School of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L A Frey-Law
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - S R Jafarzadeh
- School of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Dell'Isola
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - M P Steultjens
- Centre for Living, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - M C Nevitt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C E Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - J L Riskowski
- Centre for Living, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sfm Chastin
- Centre for Living, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Movement and Sports Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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22
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Pani J, Reitlo LS, Evensmoen HR, Lydersen S, Wisløff U, Stensvold D, Håberg AK. Effect of 5 Years of Exercise Intervention at Different Intensities on Brain Structure in Older Adults from the General Population: A Generation 100 Substudy. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1485-1501. [PMID: 34408409 PMCID: PMC8366938 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s318679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim was to examine the effect of a 5-year exercise intervention at different intensities on brain structure in older adults from the general population partaking in the randomized controlled trial Generation 100 Study. Participants and Methods Generation 100 Study participants were invited to a longitudinal neuroimaging study before randomization. A total of 105 participants (52 women, 70–77 years) volunteered. Participants were randomized into supervised exercise twice a week performing high intensity interval training in 4×4 intervals at ~90% peak heart rate (HIIT, n = 33) or 50 minutes of moderate intensity continuous training at ~70% of peak heart rate (MICT, n = 24). The control group (n = 48) followed the national physical activity guidelines of ≥30 min physical activity daily. Brain MRI at 3T, clinical and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), measured as peak oxygen uptake, were collected at baseline, and after 1, 3, and 5 years of intervention. Brain volumes and cortical thickness were derived from T1 weighted 3D MRI data using FreeSurfer. The effect of HIIT or MICT on brain volumes over time was investigated with linear mixed models, while linear regressions examined the effect of baseline CRF on brain volumes at later time points. Results Adherence in each group was between 79 and 94% after 5 years. CRF increased significantly in all groups during the first year. Compared to controls, the HIIT group had significantly increased hippocampal atrophy located to CA1 and hippocampal body, though within normal range, and the MICT group greater thalamic atrophy. No other effects of intervention group were found. CRF across the intervention was not associated with brain structure, but CRF at baseline was positively associated with cortical volume at all later time points. Conclusion Higher baseline CRF reduced 5-year cortical atrophy rate in older adults, while following physical activity guidelines was associated with the lowest hippocampal and thalamic atrophy rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Pani
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU (Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Line S Reitlo
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU (Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hallvard Røe Evensmoen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU (Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ulrik Wisløff
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU (Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Trondheim, Norway.,School of Human Movement & Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dorthe Stensvold
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU (Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Cardiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Asta K Håberg
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU (Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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23
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Orlandi M, Rosselli M, Pellegrino A, Boddi M, Stefani L, Toncelli L, Modesti PA. Gender differences in the impact on physical activity and lifestyle in Italy during the lockdown, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2173-2180. [PMID: 33975735 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Italy responded to the Covid-19 pandemic early by forcing the entire population into a 2-month domestic confinement. The aim of this study was to assess gender differences in the impact of lockdown on physical activity and lifestyle habits. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in April 2020 on a general population sample residing in Italy. Participants completed validated questionnaires. Gender differences were assessed using a multivariable adjusted logistic regression model using gender as independent and exposures as dependent variables. Metabolic equivalents-hour/week was used to evaluate physical activity. A total of 2218 participants (761 men and 1457 women) agreed to participate in the study and completed the questionnaire. The survey found that women compared to men showed 1) a lower level of physical activity before the institution of lockdown, 2) a lower tendency to reduce physical activity levels during the lockdown, when gender differences in compliance with guideline recommendations for physical activity disappeared, 3) and a worsening of sleep and stool passage; men experienced an increase in alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Women, who previously had a lower level of physical activity than men, showed a lower tendency to reduce it during lockdown, revealing greater resilience than men. However, the worsening in sleep, in stool passage, and a trend to weight increase revealed signs of psychological suffering after a protracted lockdown period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Orlandi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental School of Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Martina Rosselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental School of Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Pellegrino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental School of Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Boddi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental School of Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Stefani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental School of Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Loira Toncelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental School of Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pietro Amedeo Modesti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental School of Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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24
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Low-volume cycling training improves body composition and functionality in older people with multimorbidity: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13364. [PMID: 34183717 PMCID: PMC8238960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92716-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise, when practiced regularly and in adequate doses, is a proven nonpharmacological measure that helps to prevent and reverse noncommunicable diseases, as well as reduce mortality rates from any cause. In general, older adults perform insufficient physical activity and do not meet the doses recommended by the World Health Organization for the improvement of health through physical activity. However, there is little evidence on adequate doses of exercise in older people, especially in those with multimorbidity. Our main aim was to evaluate the effect of a 6-week intervention on health-related outcomes (body composition, hemodynamic and functionality changes) in 24 individuals aged 65 and older with multimorbidity in a randomized controlled trial. The intervention consisted of a very low volume (60 min per week) of low-to-moderate intensity exercise training (perception of effort from 3 to 6 on an 11-point scale). After the intervention, blood pressure was significantly (p = 0.038) reduced in the exercise group (EG), with a higher reduction in men. Furthermore, the EG decreased their waist circumference (p = 0.005), a proxy of abdominal adiposity, and demonstrated an increased likelihood (73%) that a randomly selected change in muscle mass score from the EG would be greater than a randomly selected change score from the control group. The exercise intervention was particularly effective in enhancing the functionality of older adults with multimorbidity, especially in walking speed and balance skills. Perceptually regulated intensity during exercise training seemed to be a very interesting strategy to train individuals with low physical fitness and comorbidities. This study is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04842396).
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25
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Physical Activity and Its Related Factors during the First COVID-19 Lockdown in Germany. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13105711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lockdown measures including the closure of physical activity facilities were installed against the spread of the novel coronavirus in March 2020. The aim of the current online survey was to assess the lockdown effects on physical activity in German adults. We assessed physical activity using the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) questionnaire. Pre-lockdown vs. lockdown differences were tested with the Χ2 test and the Student’s t-test for paired data. Predictor variables to explain compliance with physical activity recommendations were identified using a fixed effects binary logistic regression analysis. Data of 979 respondents were analyzed. Transport related and leisure time physical activity decreased (p < 0.001, d = 0.16; p < 0.001, d = 0.22, respectively). Compliance with physical activity recommendations decreased from 38.1% to 30.4% (chi2 [1, 1958] = 12.754, p < 0.001, V = 0.08). In the regression analysis, BMI (OR 0.944, 95% CI 0.909–0.981; p = 0.003), education (OR 1.111, 95% CI 1.021–1.208; p = 0.015), transport related (OR 1.000, 95% CI 1.000–1.000; p = 0.008) and leisure time physical activity (OR 1.004, 95% CI 1.003–1.004; p < 0.001), muscle strengthening (OR 5.206, 95% CI 4.433–6.114; p < 0.001), as well as the ‘lockdown vs. normal’ categorical variable (OR 0.583, 95% CI 0.424–0.802; p = 0.001) showed a contribution, while sex (p = 0.152), age (p = 0.266), work related physical activity (p = 0.133), and remote working (p = 0.684) did not. Physical activity declined in German adults, and should also be promoted in light of the emerging evidence on its protective effects of against COVID-19. Special attention should be given to muscle strengthening activities and groups with lower educational attainment.
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Iolascon G, de Sire A, Curci C, Paoletta M, Liguori S, Calafiore D, Gimigliano F, Moretti A. Osteoporosis guidelines from a rehabilitation perspective: systematic analysis and quality appraisal using AGREE II. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2021; 57:273-279. [PMID: 33650841 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.21.06581-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION People affected by osteoporosis and fragility fractures often report disability and poor health-related quality of life. Albeit rehabilitation has a crucial role in older people, post-menopausal women and other subjects with high risk of fragility fractures, the rehabilitation perspective has been poorly investigated in the available guidelines for osteoporosis. The aim of this systematic review was to systematically evaluate the quality of guidelines for osteoporosis from a rehabilitation perspective. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION On May 2020, we performed a systematic search on medical literature of all guidelines published in the last 10 years on PubMed, Pedro, and international guideline databases. The study selection was based on key terms "exercise," "physical activity" or "rehabilitation." All authors independently assessed the methodological quality through the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument, consisting of six domains (scope, stakeholder involvement, rigor and development, clarity of presentation, applicability, editorial independence). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Out of 331 documents retrieved, a total of 34 guidelines were selected after the screening phases. Twenty (58.8%) high quality guidelines were reported. According to AGREE II instrument, a mean score of 78.1±21.8% was reported for "scope and purpose" domain; for stakeholder involvement, the mean score was 58.1±22.1%; the rigor of development was good (mean score of 61.3±27.3%); for clarity of presentation the mean score was 79.4±20.3%; the applicability was poor (mean score of 30.9±25.2%); for editorial independence the mean score was 75.1±24.6%. Rehabilitation recommendations for osteoporotic patients were reported in 21 (61.8%) of the selected guidelines. CONCLUSIONS This is the first systematic analysis evaluating quality of the guidelines for osteoporosis using AGREE II instrument. Starting from a state of the art of the currently available evidence, we could conclude that therapeutic exercise at moderate to high intensity is encouraged by several guidelines for the management of people with osteoporosis and fragility fractures. More than half of guidelines were of high-quality. However, most guidelines are lacking specific indications about exercise features. This study might support the implementation of a rehabilitation perspective in the guidelines for osteoporotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Iolascon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro de Sire
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Grecia", Catanzaro, Italy -
| | - Claudio Curci
- Section of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Department of Neuroscience, ASST Carlo Poma, Mantua, Italy
| | - Marco Paoletta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Liguori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Calafiore
- Section of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Department of Neuroscience, ASST Carlo Poma, Mantua, Italy
| | - Francesca Gimigliano
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Antimo Moretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
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Lee DJ, So WY, Lee SM. The Relationship between Korean Adolescents' Sports Participation, Internal Health Locus of Control, and Wellness during COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2950. [PMID: 33805732 PMCID: PMC7998099 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at providing practical information to improve Korean adolescents' wellness by empirically identifying its correlation with sports participation and having an internal health locus of control (IHLC) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study comprised both a pilot test and a main study. We recruited 844 Korean adolescents as subjects in January 2021 to participate in an online self-reported survey. The reliability and validity of the scales used (sports participation, IHLC, and wellness) were verified through a pilot test. In the main study, we verified the differences between all variables according to adolescents' demographic characteristics and the structural relationship of sports participation, IHLC, and wellness. Sports participation had a positive effect on IHLC (p < 0.001) and wellness (p < 0.001). Additionally, IHLC had a positive effect on wellness (p < 0.001). In juvenile educational institutions, there is a need to develop strategies to increase wellness, sports participation, and IHLC among adolescent students, which can improve their wellness in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Jung Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea;
| | - Wi-Young So
- Sports Medicine Major, College of Humanities and Arts, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si 27469, Korea;
| | - Seung-Man Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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28
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Lim GRS, Ng CH, Kwan YH, Fong W. Prevalence and risk factors for falls in patients with spondyloarthritis: A systematic review. Int J Rheum Dis 2021; 24:623-632. [PMID: 33704897 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) may have a greater risk of falling due to poor postural balance and decreased mobility. To our best knowledge, there are no published reviews that study falls in patients with SpA. Therefore, we aim to systematically review the literature and identify the prevalence and risk factors of falls in patients with SpA. METHODS We conducted a systematic review using 5 electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar using controlled vocabulary terms (eg MeSH terms) in the search strategy for the concepts: falls, fall risk, SpA and its subtypes. RESULTS We identified 7279 articles, of which 3 studies with a total of 441 patients were included. Prevalence of falls ranged from 13% to 25%. We identified 16 main factors across 5 categories. Under socio-demographic factors, functional limitation, decreased quality of life, advanced age and job loss were associated with an increased risk of falls. Poor balance and mobility and fear of falling were associated with increased risk of falls. Active disease and symptoms of SpA were medical factors that were associated with increased risk of falls. Medication factors including polypharmacy, myorelaxants and antidepressants were not associated with increased fall risk. CONCLUSION We identified potentially modifiable risk factors associated with increased risk of falls in patients with SpA, including functional limitation, poor balance and mobility, fear of falling and active disease. Clinicians should recognize these factors and address them in the holistic management of patients with SpA, thereby reducing falls and their complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Rui Si Lim
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Caitlin Hsuen Ng
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Heng Kwan
- Program in Health Sciences and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Warren Fong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Füzéki E, Schröder J, Carraro N, Merlo L, Reer R, Groneberg DA, Banzer W. Physical Activity during the First COVID-19-Related Lockdown in Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052511. [PMID: 33802549 PMCID: PMC7967499 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The spread of the COVID-19 virus was met by a strict lockdown in many countries around the world, with the closure of all physical activity (PA) facilities and limitations on moving around freely. The aim of the present online survey was to assess the effect of lockdown on physical activity in Italy. Physical activity was assessed using the European Health Interview Survey questionnaire. A total of 1500 datasets were analyzed. Differences between conditions were tested with a chi2-based (χ2) test for categorical variables, and with the Student’s t-test for paired data. A fixed effects binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify relevant predictor variables to explain the compliance with World Health Organisation (WHO) recommendations. We found a substantial decline in all physical activity measures. Mean differences in walking and cycling metabolic equivalent of task minutes per week (METmin/week), respectively, were 344.4 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 306.6–382.2; p < 0.001) and 148.5 (95% CI: 123.6–173.5; p < 0.001). Time spent in leisure time decreased from 160.8 to 112.6 min/week (mean difference 48.2; 95% CI: 40.4–56.0; p < 0.001). Compliance with WHO recommendations decreased from 34.9% to 24.6% (chi2 (1, 3000) = 38.306, p < 0.001, V = 0.11). Logistic regression showed a reduced chance (OR 0.640, 95% CI: 0.484–0.845; p = 0.001) to comply with WHO PA recommendations under lockdown conditions. Measures to promote physical activity should be intensified to limit detrimental health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Füzéki
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (D.A.G.); (W.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jan Schröder
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty for Psychology and Human Movement Science, Institute for Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148 Hamburg, Germany; (J.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Nicolò Carraro
- Center for Sports Medicine, Department of Prevention, ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, 31100 Treviso, Italy; (N.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Laura Merlo
- Center for Sports Medicine, Department of Prevention, ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, 31100 Treviso, Italy; (N.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Rüdiger Reer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty for Psychology and Human Movement Science, Institute for Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148 Hamburg, Germany; (J.S.); (R.R.)
| | - David A. Groneberg
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (D.A.G.); (W.B.)
| | - Winfried Banzer
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (D.A.G.); (W.B.)
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Lee DJ, Chang BK, Lee SM. Analysis of the Structural Relationship of Sports Participation and Ego-Resilience in the Health-Promoting Behavior of Korean Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:557-565. [PMID: 34178803 PMCID: PMC8214615 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i3.5597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: We aimed to verify the structural relationship between sports participation, ego-resilience, and health-promoting behavior of Korean adolescents in a pandemic situation. Methods: In Nov 2020, an online survey was conducted with 751 adolescents in Korea. The data obtained through the survey were analyzed in several ways, including frequency, reliability, confirmatory factor, descriptive statistical, and path analyses. Results: Sports participation had a positive effect on ego-resilience and health-promoting behavior, while egoresilience has a positive effect on health-promoting behavior. Overall, sports participation directly affects health-promoting behavior and that an indirect effect occurs through ego-resilience. Conclusion: Educational institutions such as schools and the Korea Offices of Education should devise various measures so that adolescents growing up in a global pandemic situation can strengthen their health-promoting behavior by securing ego-resilience through participation in various sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Jung Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Byung-Kweon Chang
- Department of Physical Education, Korea National University of Education, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Seung-Man Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Riera-Sampol A, Bennasar-Veny M, Tauler P, Aguilo A. Effectiveness of physical activity prescription by primary care nurses using health assets: A randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs 2020; 77:1518-1532. [PMID: 33210773 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of a 12-month multifactorial intervention by primary care nurses using health assets in increasing adherence to physical activity prescription (150 min/week) in patients with two or more cardiovascular risk factors. BACKGROUND Physical activity promotion is a priority and helps to decrease mortality risk due to cardiovascular diseases. However, adherence to the habitual physical activity prescription in primary healthcare settings is low. DESIGN Multicentre, single-blind, parallel randomized (in two different branches) clinical trial. METHODS In total, 263 participants from 20 primary healthcare centres in Mallorca completed the randomized controlled trial study (intervention group N = 128, control group N = 135). The intervention consisted in four visits and included a motivational interview and an individualized prescription of physical activity using health assets. Primary outcome measure was the number of participants performing at least 150 min of weekly physical activity. Secondary outcomes included physical activity level and physical fitness, Sense of Coherence, cardiovascular risk, sociodemographic data, trans-theoretical stage of change, sleep quality, and depression. RESULTS Adherence to the recommendation of at least 150 min of physical activity was higher in the intervention than in the control group (χ2 = 3.951, p = .047). However, this higher adherence did not suppose higher physical activity levels because no differences between groups were found in the total physical activity performed after intervention (t=-0.915, p = .361). At the end of the intervention participants randomized to the intervention group spent more time walking than participants in the control group (t = 2.260, p = .025). CONCLUSION The multifactorial intervention performed by primary care nurses induced a higher adherence to the 150-min of weekly physical activity recommendation. IMPACT Adherence to the usual physical activity prescription in primary care is low. Physical activity prescription performed by primary care nurses and based on health assets and motivational interview can help to increase physical activity levels of patients. The main finding of the present study was that prescription using this approach was shown to be effective, leading to a higher adherence in the intervention group. This intervention is feasible in the nurse's primary healthcare setting, thus it could be implemented as the main tool when exercise is prescribed. TRIAL REGISTRATION International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number: ISRCTN76069254.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Riera-Sampol
- Research Group on Evidence, Lifestyles and Health, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Miquel Bennasar-Veny
- Research Group on Evidence, Lifestyles and Health, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Pedro Tauler
- Research Group on Evidence, Lifestyles and Health, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | - Antoni Aguilo
- Research Group on Evidence, Lifestyles and Health, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
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Ide PH, Martins MSAS, Segri NJ. [Trends in different domains of physical activity in Brazilian adults: data from the Vigitel survey, 2006-2016]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2020; 36:e00142919. [PMID: 32813790 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00142919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to analyze trends in different domains of physical activity in Brazilian adults according to sex, age bracket, and schooling. The data were from the Risk and Protective Factors Surveillance System for Chronic Non-Comunicable Diseases Through Telephone Interview (Vigitel) from 2006 to 2016 in all the state capitals and the Federal District. The main questions in the Vigitel survey that were relevant to this study were leisure-time, commuting, occupational, and household physical activity. Trend analysis was obtained with Prais-Winsten regression, with significance set at 5%. The overall results showed an upward trend in leisure-time physical activity, from 14.9% in 2006 to 20.8% in 2016, with a significant annual increase of 3.6%, while physical activity was stationary in the other domains. The trend was also upward for both sexes in leisure time, while there were downward annual trends for men in the occupational domain (-0.6%) and for women in the household domain (-1.9%), from 71.6% in 2006 to 55.6% in 2016. There were downward trends in individuals from 20 to 29 years of age in the occupational domain (-1.6%) and household domain (-4.3%), from 30 to 39 years in the commuting domain (-5.9%) and household domain (-1.6%), and for individuals with ≥ 12 years of schooling in the occupational domain (-0.6%). The most important public health target related to physical activity is to increase this practice among individuals that are currently inactive in all domains.
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Füzéki E, Groneberg DA, Banzer W. Physical activity during COVID-19 induced lockdown: recommendations. J Occup Med Toxicol 2020; 15:25. [PMID: 32817753 PMCID: PMC7422663 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-020-00278-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Measures aiming at containing the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) include isolation, social distancing, and quarantine. Quarantine and other lockdown instruments show promise in reducing the number of COVID-19 infections and deaths. It is reasonable to assume that lockdown leads to reduced levels of physical activity in the general population. Potential detrimental health effects of lockdown, such as psychological distress and physical inactivity induced maladaptations must be addressed. The current review summarizes harmful effects of limited physical activity on mental and physical health due to social distancing and quarantine and highlights the effects of simple physical activity regimes counteracting these detrimental effects, with a special emphasis on acute effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Füzéki
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 9B, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David A Groneberg
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 9B, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Winfried Banzer
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 9B, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Adeniji AA, Dawodu OO, Habeebu MY, Oyekan AO, Bashir MA, Martin MG, Keshinro SO, Fagbenro GT. Distribution of Breast Cancer Subtypes Among Nigerian Women and Correlation to the Risk Factors and Clinicopathological Characteristics. World J Oncol 2020; 11:165-172. [PMID: 32849957 PMCID: PMC7430856 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer in African women differs from the Caucasian. Understanding the profile of Nigerian women with breast cancer will help with preventive measures and treatment. This study focused on the clinico-pathological characteristics, with risk factors of breast cancer patients in Nigeria. Methods Newly diagnosed female patients with breast cancer were assessed over 12 months. Patients were reviewed using a predesigned proforma which focused on socio-demographic information, clinical information, risk factors and tumor biology. Results A total of 251 women were identified; their mean age was 46 years. More than half (62.5%) are premenopausal at presentation, 37.8% with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of 0 and right side (50.2%) as the most common primary site of disease. Less than half of them (43.0%) are estrogen receptor (ER) positive, 27.9% are progesterone receptor (PR) positive, 43.8% and 47.4% are hormone receptor positive and triple negative, respectively. Most patients presented at the latter stage of the disease, stage III (66.9%) and stage IV (18.3%). Only 15.9% are well differentiated and almost all (92.8%) had invasive ductal histological type. Obesity (66.2%) and physical inactivity (41.9%) are the most common risk factors for the disease. A significant relationship was found between immunohistochemistry status and family history of breast cancer, tumor site, previous breast surgery, previous lump and alcohol intake. Conclusion Findings from this study showed that Nigerian breast cancer patients differ from their counterparts in the high human development index (H-HDI) countries in terms of the patients and disease characteristics. In view of this, prevention and treatment options should consider this uniqueness to ensure better outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeoluwa Akeem Adeniji
- Oncology and Radiotherapy Department, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olayemi Olubunmi Dawodu
- Molecular and Anatomical Pathology Department, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Yaqub Habeebu
- Radiotherapy, Radiobiology, Radiodiagnosis and Radiography Department, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Mariam Adebola Bashir
- Oncology and Radiotherapy Department, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Mike G Martin
- West Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Memphis, TN, USA
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Carvalho FC, Godinho MR, Ferreira AP. Cardiovascular risk factors among oil refinery workers: ecological study. Rev Bras Med Trab 2020; 18:11-19. [PMID: 32782999 DOI: 10.5327/z1679443520200476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Monitoring the health of workers is indispensable to develop indicators to identify potential risk factors and the workload impact on illness and characterize their morbidity profile. Objective To identify modifiable and non-modifiable cardiovascular risk factors among employees of an oil refinery with fixed work schedule or allocated to shifts. Methods Ecological, exploratory, descriptive and quantitative study with data retrieved from the company's record system. We performed time series analysis of the prevalence of risk factors in the period from 2008 through 2017. Results We found an increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes and a decreasing trend for high cholesterol, high LDL, low HDL, smoking and coronary artery risk. The prevalence of hypertension increased, while that of all other risk factors, except for diabetes, decreased in 2017 by comparison to 2008. Conclusion The analyzed sample is at medium risk for cardiovascular disease despite their young age, high educational level and available resources. We call attention to the need to systematize workplace health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Cortines Carvalho
- Occupational Department, Duque de Caxias Refinery - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. Occupational Department Duque de Caxias Refinery Brazil
| | - Marluce Rodrigues Godinho
- School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Juiz de Fora (MG), Brazil. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora School of Nursing Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Brazil
| | - Aldo Pacheco Ferreira
- Department of Human Rights, Health and Cultural Diversity, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca Department of Human Rights, Health and Cultural Diversity Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health Brazil
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36
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Wattanapisit A, Wattanapisit S, Wongsiri S. Overview of Physical Activity Counseling in Primary Care. Korean J Fam Med 2020; 42:260-268. [PMID: 32429011 PMCID: PMC8321902 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.19.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is a global health burden. Promoting physical activity in primary care through physical activity counseling is an effective intervention. This article provides an overview of and perspectives on physical activity counseling in primary care. The identification of physical inactivity as a health problem may increase the awareness of physical inactivity among patients and primary care providers, which will lead to an action plan. The contents of physical activity counseling should be based on evidence-based recommendations. Safety issues should be evaluated appropriately to optimize the utilization of primary care services. Physical activity counseling methods should be "tailored" for an individual using appropriate counseling methods and setting-specific resources. Multilevel barriers to physical activity counseling in primary care (i.e., healthcare providers, patients, and systems) must be addressed. Setting-specific strategies to overcome these barriers should be implemented to maximize the effectiveness of physical activity counseling in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apichai Wattanapisit
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.,Family Medicine Clinic, Walailak University Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | | | - Sunton Wongsiri
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
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Su CL, Wang L, Ho CC, Nfor ON, Hsu SY, Lee CT, Ko PC, Lin YT, Liaw YP. Physical activity is associated with lower health care costs among Taiwanese individuals with diabetes mellitus. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19613. [PMID: 32243386 PMCID: PMC7440055 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The economic burden of diabetes has increased over time with disease severity. Previous publications investigating the effects of physical activity (PA) on medical costs have made use of small sample sizes. We assessed the relationship between PA and 1-year medical expenditure among Taiwanese patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Data were recruited from three governmental databases, including the 2012 adult preventive health service database. Participants were grouped as inactive (no exercise), insufficiently active (exercise < 150 minutes/week), and sufficiently active (exercise >150 minutes/week) individuals. Patients were stratified according to age and Charlson score. Multivariate linear regression models were used to determine β-coefficients and their P values.Overall, 218,960 individuals were identified with diabetes. The prevalence of the disease was 13.1% among sufficiently active, 35% among insufficiently active, and 51.9% among physically inactive adults. In general, patients who had exercise >150 minutes/week had lower health care spending (i.e., US$ 755.83) followed by those who had less than 150 minutes/week (US$ 880.08) when compared with inactive patients (P < .0001). Moreover, health care costs derived from outpatient or inpatient care were lower for sufficiently active than inactive participants (P < .0001).Compared with being sedentary, PA was associated with lower health care costs of Taiwanese adults with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lang Su
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Yuan Sheng Hospital, Yuanlin City
| | - Lee Wang
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City
- Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City
| | | | - Shu-Yi Hsu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health
| | - Chun-Te Lee
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City
| | - Pei-Chieh Ko
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health
| | - Yi-Tien Lin
- Department of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
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Burnet K, Higgins S, Kelsch E, Moore JB, Stoner L. The effects of manipulation of Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type (FITT) on exercise adherence: A meta‐analysis. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Burnet
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Simon Higgins
- Department of Exercise Science Elon University Elon NC USA
| | - Elizabeth Kelsch
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Justin B. Moore
- Department of Family and Community Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem NC USA
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science The University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA
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Sadowska-Krępa E, Gdańska A, Rozpara M, Pilch W, Přidalová M, Bańkowski S. Effect of 12-Week Interventions Involving Nordic Walking Exercise and a Modified Diet on the Anthropometric Parameters and Blood Lipid Profiles in Overweight and Obese Ex-Coal Miners. Obes Facts 2020; 13:201-212. [PMID: 32209798 PMCID: PMC7250326 DOI: 10.1159/000506403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity after retirement are likely to be caused by unhealthy eating habits and the energy intake exceeding the energy expenditure. OBJECTIVES This study was designed to assess the effects of two 12-week interventions involving, respectively, either regular physical activity or a modified lower-calorie diet on the anthropometric parameters and blood lipid profiles in overweight and obese retired miners with lipid disorders. DESIGN The study participants (n = 30, aged 58.7 ± 4.1 years, body height 174.8 ± 7.3 cm, body weight 96.6 ± 13.9 kg) were randomly assigned to 2 intervention groups: the Nordic walking group (NW), which exercised with intensity from 60 to 70% of participants' maximal heart rates for 1 h 3 times a week, and the modified diet group (MD). Modification of the diet consisted of reducing the daily energy intake by 30%, increasing the dietary content of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber, and reducing the proportion of saturated fatty acids. The variables assessed at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks were: anthropometric parameters (body weight, fat mass content [FM], fat percentage [BF], BMI, waist circumference [WC], hip circumference [HC], and waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]) and blood lipid indicators (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and high density lip-oprotein cholesterol [HDL-C]). RESULTS The body weight of the participants in the NW was lower at week 12 by an average of 5 kg, BMI by 6%, FB by 19%, FM by 15%, WC by 8%, HC by 6%, and WHR by 3%. In the MD, the respective decreases were 8 kg and 8, 25, 20, 6, 2, and 7%. In the MD, the postintervention concentrations of TC and TG were within the reference range. CONCLUSION Both 12-week interventions improved the anthropometric parameters and blood lipid profiles of retired heavy manual workers, with the improvements being more pronounced in the dieting group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Sadowska-Krępa
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland,
| | - Agnieszka Gdańska
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał Rozpara
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Wanda Pilch
- Department of Biochemistry and Basic of Cosmetology, University School of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland
| | - Miroslava Přidalová
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Sebastian Bańkowski
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
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Alfawaz H, Naeef AF, Wani K, Khattak MNK, Sabico S, Alnaami AM, Al-Daghri NM. Improvements in Glycemic, Micronutrient, and Mineral Indices in Arab Adults with Pre-Diabetes Post-Lifestyle Modification Program. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112775. [PMID: 31731609 PMCID: PMC6893589 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the changes in dietary patterns of adult Saudis with prediabetes who underwent a six-month lifestyle modification program. A total of 160 Saudis with prediabetes (baseline fasting glucose 5.6–6.9 mmol/L), aged 20–60 years, were enrolled in one of the two arms: A one-time general advice about lifestyle modification (GA group) at orientation or a well-structured and monitored nutrition and lifestyle counseling for six months (guidance group). Fasting blood samples and a dietary recall for daily intakes of macro/micronutrients using a validated computerized food database “ESHA—the Food Processor Nutrition Analysis program” were collected pre- and post-intervention. Compliance to reference daily intake (RDI) was also calculated at both time points. At baseline, overall, severe deficiencies in the majority of micronutrient intakes were observed. Post intervention, clinically significant improvements in the glycemic indices (fasting glucose and insulin resistance) were seen over time in the guidance group. Also, significant improvements in dietary habits and physical activity levels were more apparent in the guidance group than the GA group, particularly in the daily intakes of total carbohydrate (46.9% compliance post vs. 20.3% at baseline); dietary fiber (21.9% vs. 3.1%); and some micronutrients like vitamin B6 (21.3% vs. 6.7%), vitamin B12 (45.3% vs. 28%), vitamin C (21.9% vs. 7.8%), riboflavin (40% vs. 10.7%), niacin (41.3% vs. 14.7%), magnesium (18.8% vs. 4.7%), iron (54.7% vs. 34.4%), and copper (37.3% vs. 13.3%). The study highlights the effects of a six-month lifestyle modification program in improving dietary micronutrient intakes of Saudis with prediabetes. Since micronutrient intake was observed to be low, fortification of these micronutrients in the Saudi diet is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Alfawaz
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.); (A.F.N.)
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.W.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.S.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Alsoodeeri Fahadah Naeef
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.); (A.F.N.)
| | - Kaiser Wani
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.W.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.S.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.W.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.S.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.W.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.S.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Abdullah M. Alnaami
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.W.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.S.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.W.); (M.N.K.K.); (S.S.); (A.M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-14675939; Fax: +966-14675931
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41
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Mandigout S, Lacroix J, Perrochon A, Svoboda Z, Aubourg T, Vuillerme N. Comparison of Step Count Assessed Using Wrist- and Hip-Worn Actigraph GT3X in Free-Living Conditions in Young and Older Adults. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:252. [PMID: 31828072 PMCID: PMC6849483 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Walking represents a major component of physical activity (PA), and its restriction could degrade autonomy and quality of life. An important objective for preventive and/or rehabilitative strategies to improve balance and gait in normal and pathological aging conditions is to focus on physical activity. Activity monitors have recently been getting increasingly popular and represent a modern solution to measure—and communicate—PA notably in terms of steps/day. These activity monitors are well-suited for various populations as they can be worn on a variety of locations on the body, including the wrist and the hip (i.e., the two most common locations), in an undifferentiated way according to the manufacturer's instruction. The aim of this study was hence to verify potential differences in step count (SC) by comparing this parameter assessed using wrist- and hip-worn activity trackers over a 24-h period in free-living conditions in young and older adults. Methods: Young adults (n = 22) and older adults (n = 22) voluntarily participated in this study. They were required to wear two commercially-available Actigraph GT3X+ activity monitors simultaneously at two locations recommended by the manufacturer, i.e., one positioned around the wrist and one above the hip, over a 24-h period in free-living conditions. The manufacturer's software was used to obtain estimates of the SC. Results: For both groups, the wrist-worn activity tracker provided significantly higher SC than the hip-worn activity tracker did. For both placements on the body, older adults exhibited significantly lower SC than young adults. Interestingly, for both young and older participants, the difference between both measurements tended to decrease for longer distances. Conclusion: The different estimations of the step count provided by the comparison between two identical Actigraph GT3x on the wrist or the hip during the 24-h observation period in free-living conditions in young and older adults strongly suggests that caution is needed when using total step per day values as an outcome to quantify walking behavior. Probably we can suggest the same caution across implementation of different activity Tracker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zdenek Svoboda
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Timothee Aubourg
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, AGEIS, Grenoble, France.,Orange Labs, Meylan, France
| | - Nicolas Vuillerme
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, AGEIS, Grenoble, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Al Tunaiji H, Davis JC, Mansournia MA, Khan KM. Population attributable fraction of leading non-communicable cardiovascular diseases due to leisure-time physical inactivity: a systematic review. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2019; 5:e000512. [PMID: 31191969 PMCID: PMC6539142 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the methods used for estimating the population attributable fraction (PAF) to leisure-time physical inactivity (PI) of coronary artery diseases, hypertension and stroke in order to provide the best available estimate for PAF. Design Systematic review. Data sources Four electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) were searched from inception to August 2018. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies This review included prospective cohort studies, with men and women aged ≥18 years old, investigating the PAF attributable to leisure-time PI related to coronary artery diseases, hypertension and stroke. Results The PAF estimates of the three studies included were 13% (3%–22%) for ‘stage-1 hypertension’ subtype incidence due to ‘non-regular exercise’; 25% (10.4%–35.8%) for ‘stage-2 hypertension’ subtype incidence due to ‘activity of daily living’ and ‘vigorous-intensity sports’; and 8.5% (1.7%–16.7%) for ‘total: fatal and non-fatal’ cardiovascular events of ‘incidence and mortality’ endpoints due to non-accumulation of 550 kcal/week (subsets not specified). Conclusions The PAF estimate exhibited a protective dose–response relationship between hypertension and an increased amount of energy expenditure of leisure-time PI. In order to enhance accuracy of PAF estimates, the following steps are recommended: (1) to clearly define and state the working definition of leisure-time PI and dose using a reliable and valid objective measurement tool; (2) use a clear definition of outcome subtypes and endpoints using reliable and valid objective measures; and (3) estimate PAF using modelling techniques based on prospective data and ensuring to report 95% CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashel Al Tunaiji
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Sport Medicine & Sciences Unit, Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jennifer C Davis
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karim M Khan
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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43
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Chow BC, Choi PHN, Huang WYJ. Physical Activity and Physical Fitness of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities in Group Homes in Hong Kong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15071370. [PMID: 29966299 PMCID: PMC6068912 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) typically have a sedentary lifestyle and higher rates of overweight and obesity. This study describes the habitual daily physical activity (PA) and the health-related physical fitness (PF) of adults with mild and moderate ID who resided in four group homes and worked in sheltered workshops. We also assessed the contribution of PF variables towards PA levels and sedentary behavior of this population subgroup. Adults with mild and moderate ID (N = 114) were assessed on PF tests (percent body fat, waist and hip circumferences, 6-min walk (6MWT), arm curl, and sit and reach). PA and sedentary behavior on weekdays were determined using Actigraph accelerometers. Results showed these adults averaged 2% of their daily time (or 10 min) engaged in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and 67% of the time (495 min) being sedentary. No significant differences between mild and moderate ID were found for any PA or PF variable. Linear multiple regression analyses showed 6MWT to be the only significant PF variable contributing to the variance of PA and sedentary behavior. In conclusion, adults with ID reside in group home have low PA and low fitness levels. Among fitness variables, the walking test (i.e., cardiovascular fitness) had the highest positive association with participants’ daily PA, MVPA, and negative association with sedentary behavior. Future intervention studies in promoting PA and fitness for adults with ID are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bik C Chow
- Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
| | - Peggy H N Choi
- Department of Sports and Recreation Management, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Chai Wan, Hong Kong.
| | - Wendy Y J Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
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