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Ghanem AS, Németh O, Móré M, Nagy AC. Role of oral health in heart and vascular health: A population-based study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301466. [PMID: 38635852 PMCID: PMC11025934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Conditions such as hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and hypercholesterolemia, are a major public health challenge. This study investigates the influence of oral health indicators, including gum bleeding, active dental caries, tooth mobility, and tooth loss, on their prevalence in Hungary, considering socioeconomic, demographic, and lifestyle factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from the 2019 Hungarian European Health Interview Survey with 5,603 participants informed this analysis. Data were accessed from the records maintained by the Department of Health Informatics at the University of Debrecen between September and November 2023. Variable selection employed elastic net regularization and k-fold cross-validation, leading to high-performing predictors for weighted multiple logistic regression models. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the findings' validity. RESULTS Significant links were found between poor oral health and chronic cardiac conditions. Multiple teeth extractions increased hypertension risk (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: [1.01-2.77]); dental prosthetics had an OR of 1.45 [1.20-1.75]. Gum bleeding was associated with higher cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.69 [1.30-2.21]) and hypercholesterolemia risks (OR = 1.40 [1.09-1.81]). CONCLUSIONS Oral health improvement may reduce the risk of cardiac conditions. This underscores oral health's role in multidisciplinary disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Sayed Ghanem
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Németh
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marianna Móré
- Institute of Social and Sociological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | - Attila Csaba Nagy
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Fluitman KS, van den Broek T, Reinders I, Wijnhoven HAH, Nieuwdorp M, Visser M, IJzerman RG, Keijser BJF. The Effect of Dietary Advice Aimed at Increasing Protein Intake on Oral Health and Oral Microbiota in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:4567. [PMID: 37960220 PMCID: PMC10647493 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition and oral health are closely related, especially in older adults in whom poor nutrition may lead to oral microbial perturbations, exacerbating poor oral health. In a 6-month randomized controlled trial, we evaluated the effects on oral microbiota and on oral health of dietary advice aimed at increasing protein intake to ≥1.2 g/kg adjusted body weight/day (g/kg aBW/d) in community-dwelling older adults with low habitual protein intake (<1.0 g/kg aBW/d). Food intake was measured via 24 h dietary recalls, oral health was measured via questionnaires, and oral microbial composition was assessed via the 16S rRNA sequencing of tongue swabs. Mean baseline protein intake was 0.8 g/kg aBW/day in both groups. In the high protein group (n = 47), participants increased their protein intake to mean 1.2 g/kg aBW/day at the 6-month follow-up. Protein intake in the control group (n = 43) remained at 0.9 g/kg a BW/day. The intervention did not affect self-reported oral health. While it caused moderate shifts in oral microbiota alpha- and beta-diversity measures, abundances of individual bacterial taxa were not affected. In conclusion, our intervention did not affect self-reported oral health within a period of 6 months, nor did it substantially affect the tongue microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina S. Fluitman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tim van den Broek
- Department of Microbiology and Systems Biology, TNO Earth, Life and Social Sciences, 3704 HE Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Reinders
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke A. H. Wijnhoven
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard G. IJzerman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J. F. Keijser
- Department of Microbiology and Systems Biology, TNO Earth, Life and Social Sciences, 3704 HE Zeist, The Netherlands
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Ghanem AS, Móré M, Nagy AC. Assessing the impact of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors on oral health: a cross-sectional study in the Hungarian population. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1276758. [PMID: 37927886 PMCID: PMC10623121 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1276758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral health, a critical aspect of overall well-being, is influenced by various sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, with poor oral health associated with systemic diseases and diminished quality of life. Methods This cross-sectional study leverages data from the Hungarian European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) representative of the Hungarian population, to conduct a comprehensive examination of the intersection between these factors and oral health, aiming to identify potential risk factors and contribute to the development of targeted interventions. The research examined associations between sociodemographic/lifestyle factors and oral health. Statistical techniques included Pearson's Chi-square test, multivariate and ordinal logistic regression analyses. Weighting was applied to assure the representativeness of the population and enhance the validity of the survey results. Results The study identifies gender, age, education, financial status, smoking, and self-perceived oral health as key factors influencing oral health outcomes. Notably, regular dental visits significantly reduced the risk of poor oral health and caries. Females, non-smokers, university graduates, high-income individuals, and those with good self-perceived health had fewer missing teeth and better self-perceived oral health. Teeth extractions due to decay, especially when not replaced, significantly increased the perception of poor oral health, while regular dental visits improved it. Discussion The study highlights the need for personalized oral health interventions considering the different sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, along with promotion of healthy lifestyle, more frequent dental office visits and equitable dental care access. The findings offer the potential to inform regional oral health policies and prevention strategies, improving oral health and overall wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Sayed Ghanem
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Informatics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Marianna Móré
- Institute of Social and Sociological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | - Attila Csaba Nagy
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Informatics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Fahim A, Mahmood R, Haider I, Luqman M, Ikhlaq I, Mahmood T, Alam MK. Association between clinical oral health status and perceived oral health in different age groups. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14152. [PMID: 36213513 PMCID: PMC9536301 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The perceived oral health refers to the very own perception of a person's oral health (OH). This study aims to explore the association of perceived oral health status (PSR-OHS) with clinically determined OHS in three age groups: young adults, adults and older adults. This study also aims to identify demographic, socio-economic and/or clinical factors that influence PSR-OHS. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in ten different dental hospitals of Pakistan. The one-way ANOVA test was used to analyze patient's demographic distribution with PSR-OHS and oral functions. The complex sample general linear model was used to determine association between clinical OH and PSR-OHS. Analyses of each age group were conducted separately. Results A total of 1,804 outdoor patients participated in the study, out of which 660 were young adults, 685 adults and 459 were older adults. Overall self-perception of all age groups about their oral health was 'good' (mean = 3.71). Female gender and education status were a significant factor in young adults and adults. Family income affected PSR-OHS of only the adult age group. Frequent visit to dental clinic and preventive reason of dental attendance were associated with good PSR-OHS. DMFT score, prosthesis score and periodontal score also affected the PSR-OHS of individuals. Association between PSR-OHS and clinical examination was confirmed by complex general linear model. Conclusion There are differences in the perceived oral health status of young adults, adults and older adults. The variables, age, education, family income, DMFT score, prosthesis score and periodontal score directly influence the self-perception of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Fahim
- University College of Dentistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Mahmood
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia,Azra Naheed Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Irsam Haider
- University College of Dentistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Ifra Ikhlaq
- Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- College of Dentistry, Jouf university, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia,Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, India,Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Hajek A, König HH, Kretzler B, Zwar L, Lieske B, Seedorf U, Walther C, Aarabi G. Does Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Differ by Income Group? Findings from a Nationally Representative Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10826. [PMID: 36078541 PMCID: PMC9518370 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clarify the association between income group and oral health-related quality of life. METHODS Data were used from a nationally representative online survey with n = 3075 individuals. It was conducted in late Summer 2021. The established Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G5) was used to measure oral health-related quality of life. The income group (household net income) was used as key independent variable. It was adjusted for several covariates. Full-information maximum likelihood was used to address missing values. RESULTS Individuals in the lowest income decile had a lower oral health-related quality of life (Cohen's d = -0.34) compared to individuals in the second to ninth income deciles. Individuals in the highest income decile had a higher oral health-related quality of life (Cohen's d = 0.20) compared to individuals in the second to ninth income deciles. Consequently, there was a medium difference (Cohen's d = 0.53) between individuals in the lowest income decile and individuals in the highest income decile. Additionally, multiple linear regressions showed significant differences between individuals in the lowest income decile and individuals in the second to ninth income deciles (β = 0.72, p < 0.01). In contrast, only marginal significant differences were identified between individuals in the second to ninth income deciles and individuals in the highest income decile (β = -0.28, p < 0.10). CONCLUSIONS The current study particularly stressed the association between low income and low oral health-related quality of life in the general adult population. Increasing oral health-related quality of life in individuals with low income is a major issue which should be targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Hajek
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kretzler
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Zwar
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Berit Lieske
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Udo Seedorf
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Walther
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ghazal Aarabi
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
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Rajiah K, Lim WK, Madeline Teoh PL, Binti Mas'od MA, Lim WY, Poh Chou LL, Mak ZQ. Community pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes and practices towards oral healthcare and its management: A systematic review. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14096. [PMID: 33619786 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community pharmacists play a significant part in providing oral healthcare advice as there are significant connections between oral healthcare and body system healthcare. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the literature regarding the knowledge, attitudes and practice of community pharmacists in managing oral healthcare problems. METHODS A systematic review was conducted through Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Studies regarding knowledge, attitudes and practice of management of dental care by community pharmacists between 1990 and 2019 were included. RESULTS Forest plot was performed to access knowledge, attitudes and practice of community pharmacist on oral healthcare. The results showed there were 44% of community pharmacists have a lack of knowledge on oral healthcare to provide an appropriate recommendation to patients with dental problems. Eighty-eight per cent of community pharmacists were willing to improve their knowledge of oral healthcare. There were 86% of them recognised that their role was significant in oral health. However, there were 59% of community pharmacists who had poor attitude in providing oral health information. CONCLUSIONS Community pharmacists were lacking knowledge on oral health mainly because of paucity in providing appropriate training courses. This has led to poor practices towards oral healthcare as they were unable to provide suitable products recommendations to the patients. This has led the community pharmacists into lack of attitudes in providing oral health information. However, most of the community pharmacists were conscious of their role in the oral healthcare system and were willing to improve their knowledge of oral healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingston Rajiah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Weng Kit Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pei Lin Madeline Teoh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Win Yi Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lorni Ling Poh Chou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zi Qing Mak
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kim SY, Kim NH. Trends in Self-Rated Poor Oral Health Among all Age Populations in Korea from 2007 to 2015: Monitoring Expansion of Dental Insurance. Int Dent J 2021; 71:76-84. [PMID: 33616056 PMCID: PMC9275200 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored trends in self-rated poor oral health (SRPOH) from 2007 to 2015 among all age groups to monitor changes after the expansion of dental insurance. METHODS Repeated cross-sectional data from 2007 to 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were collected and analysed. The respondents (n = 20,199) were categorised into four age groups: 0-19, 20-44, 45-64, and ≥65 years. The outcome variable was SRPOH, with independent variables being socioeconomic factors, sex, household income, and education. The age-sex standardised prevalence rate was calculated to determine trends, and complex samples logistic regression analysis was performed to confirm the factors affecting SRPOH. RESULTS Self-rated poor oral health prevalence decreased significantly from 2007 to 2009 (25%) to 2013 to 2015 (14%) in the age groups of 0-19 and 20-44 years (P < 0.05), whereas the SRPOH prevalence in the age groups of 45-64 and ≥65 years did not undergo any significant changes. Although the prevalence decreased by 6% among older adults, over 40% older women still experienced SRPOH. A sex gap increased with age but did not change over time. SRPOH was strongly associated with sex, income, and education across all age groups; the association did not notably change from 2007 to 2015. CONCLUSIONS Self-rated poor oral health improved among younger people in Korea. The gender gap in the prevalence increased with age and persisted over time. However, income was the strongest determinant of SRPOH among all age groups, regardless of dental insurance expansion. Further studies should aim to draw causal inferences to explore the policy impact of dental insurance benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yi Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam-Hee Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea.
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Wee JH, Yoo DM, Byun SH, Lee HJ, Park B, Park MW, Choi HG. Subjective oral health status in an adult Korean population with asthma or allergic rhinitis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22967. [PMID: 33120860 PMCID: PMC7581141 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral health can affect or be a manifestation of general health. Although oral health assessment has been used as a proxy for general health, few studies have reported an association between oral health status and allergic diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between subjective oral health status and asthma/allergic rhinitis in a nationwide representative sample of Korean adults.A total of 227,977 participants from the Korean Community Health Survey 2015 were enrolled. Participants were asked about their subjective oral health status (very good, good, normal, poor, very poor), periodontal status (mobility, swelling, calculus, bleeding), teeth brushing frequency, and scaling history within the past 12 months. Histories of physician-diagnosed asthma and allergic rhinitis throughout life were surveyed. The associations between subjective oral health status and allergic diseases were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Age, sex, economic level, educational level, region of residence, smoking, alcohol, obesity, subjective general health status, stress level, physical activity, periodontal status, teeth brushing frequency, and scaling history within the past 12 months were adjusted as covariates.A higher prevalence of asthma (3.6%) was reported in the poor oral health group than in the good (1.8%) and normal (2.1%) groups (P < .001). Poor oral health status was significantly related to asthma, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.19 (95% CI = 1.07-1.33, P = .002). Although the prevalence of allergic rhinitis was not higher in the poor oral health group (13.4%) than in the good (15.4%) and normal oral health groups (15.9%), the aOR for allergic rhinitis was 1.05 (95% CI = 1.00-1.11, P = .045) in the poor oral health group after adjusting for covariates.Subjective poor oral health status was significantly associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis in Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Hye Wee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital
| | | | - Soo Hwan Byun
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang
| | - Hyo-Jeong Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital
| | - Bumjung Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital
| | - Min Woo Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul; South Korea
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory
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Li KY, Okunseri CE, McGrath C, Wong MC. Self-Reported General and Oral Health in Adults in the United States: NHANES 1999-2014. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2020; 11:399-408. [PMID: 31920400 PMCID: PMC6935276 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s234335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess self-reported general health (SRGH) and self-reported oral health (SROH), and to identify factors associated with these self-health reports among adults in the United States. Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for 1999 to 2014 were analyzed. Survey-weighted descriptive statistics were computed and Pearson correlations between the two self-reported health status measures were tested. Separate multivariable logistic regressions in SROH and SRGH were performed. Measures of inequality-absolute inequality (AI) and relative inequality (RI) in SRGH and SROH were investigated. Results The sample consisted of 37,904 adults. Survey-weighted proportions of “excellent or very good” general health decreased from 54% in 1999–2000 to 45% in 2013–2014 and that of oral health increased from 27% in 1999–2000 to 38% in 2013–2014. Whites, participants with college degrees and those ≥400% of family poverty income ratio (PIR) had a higher probability of reporting “excellent or very good” general and oral health. Young people had a higher probability of reporting “excellent or very good” general health and the probability of reporting “excellent or very good” oral health fluctuated among the different age groups. There was a slight increase in both AI and RI by sociodemographic factors for SRGH (except for gender). For SROH, AI increased slightly, and RI decreased slightly (except for education) over the same period. Conclusion Self-reported general health had higher ratings than self-reported oral health. Survey period, age, race/ethnicity, education and family PIR were significantly associated with SRGH and SROH, but gender was only significant in the SROH model. SRGH was significantly associated with SROH after adjusting for other sociodemographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kar Yan Li
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Christopher E Okunseri
- Department of Clinical Services, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Colman McGrath
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - May Cm Wong
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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Gufran K, Alasqah M, Almalki S, Alkhaibari Y, Alghamdi Y, Aljulify T. Validation of self-reported periodontal disease status among subjects seeking dental treatment in a dental school. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:S550-S553. [PMID: 33149519 PMCID: PMC7595471 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_157_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontal disease and its relation with quality of life have made it necessary to know in detail regarding the disease. Hence, the aim of this study was to check the validity of self-reported periodontal status with clinical findings among subjects attending a dental teaching institution. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on subjects with periodontitis attending a dental teaching institution. A questionnaire was developed after reviewing the relevant literature and participants were asked to complete the questionnaire. Information about signs and symptoms of periodontal disease was included, and subjects were examined for periodontal disease. Data were recorded and analyzed for sensitivity and specificity. Result: A total of 103 subjects answered the study questionnaire and underwent clinical examination. The sensitivity of question varied from 16.6% with need of periodontal or gum treatment to 57.1% in case of gingival swelling. In many questions, more than 90% of specificity was found. There was a difference in self-assessed periodontal status with clinically examined periodontal status. Conclusion: Self-assessed questionnaires were of low value in evaluating oral periodontal disease status. Periodontal perception of subjects was higher but does not reflect with clinical findings; this calls for educational programs to be conducted to improve knowledge and awareness about periodontal diseases.
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Kim NH, Kawachi I. Did the Expansion of Insurance Coverage for Oral Health Reduce Self-reported Oral Health Inequalities in Korea? Results of Repeated Cross-Sectional Analysis, 2007-2015. J Epidemiol 2019; 30:537-541. [PMID: 31813892 PMCID: PMC7661332 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20190119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2009, the South Korean government expanded universal health insurance to include oral health services. In the present study, we sought to examine whether improved access resulted in a reduction in income-based self-reported oral health inequalities. METHODS We analyzed repeated cross-sectional data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) waves IV through VI (2007-2015). We analyzed self-reported oral health status among 68,431 subjects. Changes in oral health inequalities across four income levels (low, middle-low, middle-high, and high) were assessed with the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII). RESULTS The average oral health status of children and adolescents improved the most over the observation period. The absolute magnitude of oral health inequalities (measured by the SII) improved for most groups, with the notable exception of young male adults. By contrast, the ratio of poor oral health between high- and low-income groups (measured by the RII) changed little over time, indicating that relative inequalities remained resistant to change. CONCLUSIONS The expansion of dental health insurance may not be sufficient to move the needle on self-reported oral health inequalities among adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Hee Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
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Chen MY. Misperception of Oral Health among Adults in Rural Areas: A Fundamental but Neglected Issue in Primary Healthcare. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102187. [PMID: 30301250 PMCID: PMC6211001 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Poor oral hygiene is associated with metabolic syndrome, systemic diseases, mortality and many chronic diseases. Misperception means a wrong or incorrect understanding or interpretation. Few studies have examined the subjective perception and objective condition of oral health among community adults in rural areas. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, community-based study. Participants were recruited via convenience samples from December 2015 to July 2016. One thousand six (1006) community residents participated in the project, of which 973 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The average age was 42.8 (SD = 12.3) years, range 20–64, selected from a collaboration local hospital. Results: Most of the participants reported brushing their teeth every day, however, 72% reported seldom brushing their teeth after meals, 54% seldom used dental floss, 64% seldom received dental scaling, 29.5% had experienced a toothache within 6 months, and 30.5% demonstrated significant tooth loss. However, most of them perceived their oral health as good. Misperception of oral health was common, 21.5% among whose number of remaining teeth <25 under-assess their actual oral health. The more number of remaining teeth (p < 0.001) and regular dental check-up (p < 0.01) were positively associated with feeling good about their oral health. After adjusting for potential confounders, clinically significant findings indicated that number of remaining teeth (OR = 3.03, p < 0.001), age (OR = 0.99, p < 0.001), regular dental check-ups/scaling (OR = 1.85, p < 0.001), education (OR = 1.45, p < 0.05), and water consumption (OR = 1.38, p < 0.05) were independently associated with good perceived oral health. Conclusions: The findings showed that subjective self-perception of oral health was not matched with their objective oral condition. Excluding the unmodifiable factors, the clinical implications indicated that oral health promotion programs, particularly for adopting regular dental check-up, healthy diet and oral hygiene habits are urgent in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yen Chen
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi 613, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin 638, Taiwan.
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