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Akokuwebe ME, Osuafor GN, Idemudia ES. Prevalence and association of HIV and tuberculosis status in older adults in South Africa: an urgent need to escalate the scientific and political attention to aging and health. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1245553. [PMID: 38560442 PMCID: PMC10978742 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1245553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study examined the prevalence and sociodemographic factors among older adults with HIV and TB status in South Africa. Methods This data was cross-sectional and obtained from the 2019 General Household Surveys in South Africa. Adults 50 years and over with reported HIV and TB status were included (N = 9,180,047). We reported statistical analyses of the descriptive, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, and binary logistic regression. Results The study has found a prevalence rate of HIV to be 5.3% and TB to be 2.9% among older adults aged 50 years and above in South Africa. However, the study found HIV and TB to be highest among older adults residing in Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape provinces. For HIV status, the female gender [AOR = 0.80*, CI 95% = 0.80-0.80] and secondary education [AOR = 0.57, CI 95% = 0.56-0.58] have lower odds of association among older adults with HIV. Regarding TB status, primary education [AOR = 1.08*, CI 95% = 1.06-1.10] and diabetes [AOR = 1.87*, CI 95% = 1.82-1.91] have lower likelihoods of associations among older adults with TB. Conclusion There is an urgent need to escalate scientific and political attention to address the HIV/TB burden in older adults and, public health policymakers need to take cognizance of the interdependence of inequality, mobility, and behavioural modification among this high-risk population.
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Inovasanti A, Susanna D, Poddar S, Hermawati E, Kusuma A. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour of college students in disposing used masks during the COVID-19 pandemic in DKI Jakarta Province. F1000Res 2024; 12:511. [PMID: 38454922 PMCID: PMC10918313 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130691.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the need for mask production which has caused the problem of mask waste generating in the environment without being managed. This research was conducted to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and sociodemographic factors with college student behaviours in managing household mask waste in Daerah Khusus Ibukota (DKI) Jakarta Province. Methods This study used a quantitative approach and cross-sectional study design. Data collection was carried out using an online questionnaire consisting of the respondents' sociodemographic, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours. Results The majority of students had high knowledge (63.3%), positive attitudes (52.5%), and good behaviours (50.6%). Statistically, there was a significant relationship between knowledge and behaviours (p = 0.022), but there was no significant relationship between attitudes and behaviours (p = 0.269). In addition, the sociodemographic factor variables showed a significant relationship between place of residence and behaviours (p = 0.008). However, there was no significant relationship between age, gender, education, and study program groups and behaviours (p > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that living with family was a dominant factor for bad behaviours (OR 1.664, 95% CI=1.124-2.464), and the second risk factor was the low level of knowledge has a significant relationship with the behaviours of mask waste management at home (OR=1.559, 95% CI=1.044-2.330). Conclusions Students who live alone also show better behaviour compared to students who live with their families. The place of residence variable has the greatest influence on the behaviour of mask waste management at the household, followed by the knowledge variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avicenna Inovasanti
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Susanna
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
| | - Sandeep Poddar
- Research and Innovation, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 47301, Malaysia
| | - Ema Hermawati
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
| | - Aria Kusuma
- Health Development Policy Agency, Ministry of Health of Indonesia, Jakarta Selatan, Jakarta, 12950, Indonesia
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Robinson J, Sahai S, Pennacchio C, Sharew B, Chen L, Karamlou T. Effects of Sociodemographic Factors on Access to and Outcomes in Congenital Heart Disease in the United States. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:67. [PMID: 38392282 PMCID: PMC10889660 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11020067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are complex conditions affecting the heart and/or great vessels that are present at birth. These defects occur in approximately 9 in every 1000 live births. From diagnosis to intervention, care has dramatically improved over the last several decades. Patients with CHDs are now living well into adulthood. However, there are factors that have been associated with poor outcomes across the lifespan of these patients. These factors include sociodemographic and socioeconomic positions. This commentary examined the disparities and solutions within the evolution of CHD care in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Robinson
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Siddhartha Sahai
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Caroline Pennacchio
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Betemariam Sharew
- Cleveland Clinic Learner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Lin Chen
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Tara Karamlou
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk M41, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Kulkarni V, Liu D, Gamsarian V, Grewal T, Sivesind T. Risk Factors Associated With Burden of Disease of Psoriasis From 1990 to 2019: Epidemiological Analysis. JMIR Dermatol 2024; 7:e48749. [PMID: 38358797 PMCID: PMC10905350 DOI: 10.2196/48749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - David Liu
- University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Vahram Gamsarian
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Torunn Sivesind
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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Seabra SG, Merca F, Pereira B, Fonseca I, Carvalho AC, Brito V, Alves D, Libin P, Martins MRO, Miranda MNS, Pingarilho M, Pimentel V, Abecasis AB. Serological screening in a large-scale municipal survey in Cascais, Portugal, during the first waves of the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons for future pandemic preparedness efforts. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1326125. [PMID: 38371240 PMCID: PMC10869482 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1326125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Serological surveys for SARS-CoV-2 were used early in the COVID-19 pandemic to assess epidemiological scenarios. In the municipality of Cascais (Portugal), serological testing combined with a comprehensive socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral questionnaire was offered to residents between May 2020 and beginning of 2021. In this study, we analyze the factors associated with adherence to this municipal initiative, as well as the sociodemographic profile and chronic diseases clinical correlates associated to seropositivity. We aim to contribute with relevant information for future pandemic preparedness efforts. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic sampling. Citizens residing in Cascais Municipality went voluntarily to blood collection centers to participate in the serological survey. The proportion of participants, stratified by socio-demographic variables, was compared to the census proportions to identify the groups with lower levels of adherence to the survey. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral factors associated with seropositivity. Results From May 2020 to February 2021, 19,608 participants (9.2% of the residents of Cascais) were included in the study. Based on the comparison to census data, groups with lower adherence to this survey were men, the youngest and the oldest age groups, individuals with lower levels of education and unemployed/inactive. Significant predictors of a reactive (positive) serological test were younger age, being employed or a student, and living in larger households. Individuals with chronic diseases generally showed lower seroprevalence. Conclusion The groups with low adherence to this voluntary study, as well as the socio-economic contexts identified as more at risk of viral transmission, may be targeted in future pandemic situations. We also found that the individuals with chronic diseases, perceiving higher risk of serious illness, adopted protective behaviors that limited infection rates, revealing that health education on preventive measures was effective for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia G. Seabra
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Francisco Merca
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisbon, Portugal
- Artificial Intelligence Research Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Bernardo Pereira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ivo Fonseca
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Vera Brito
- Câmara Municipal de Cascais, Cascais, Portugal
| | - Daniela Alves
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pieter Libin
- Artificial Intelligence Research Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Brussel, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - M. Rosário O. Martins
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mafalda N. S. Miranda
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta Pingarilho
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Victor Pimentel
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana B. Abecasis
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Associate Laboratory in Translation and Innovation Towards Global Health, LA-REAL, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisbon, Portugal
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Hurayb NH, Alshammari GM, Al-Khalifa AS, Alafif N, Aljaroudi DH, Mohammed MA, Yagoub AEA, Yahya MA. A Comparative Study of Food Intake and Adipose Tissue Distribution in Saudi Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:369. [PMID: 38338254 PMCID: PMC10855251 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent disorder that affects reproductive-aged women and has reproductive, metabolic, and psychosocial effects. This research was intended to investigate the comparison between food intake and adipose tissue distribution in Saudi women suffering from PCOS and a control group. To determine the sociodemographic variables, a case-control study was performed with patients from King Fahad Medical City's Reproductive Endocrine and Infertility Medicine Department (REIMD). The case-control study comprised 42 PCOS patients (PCOS-Ps) and 63 as a control group, all aged 20-45 years. Three-day records were collected from participants to estimate the nutrient intake of cases and controls. A body composition analyzer was used to measure body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF), and visceral fat (VF). Biochemical measurements were taken to determine the lipid profile, total testosterone, and serum vitamin D-25-OH. The women's frequency distribution based on sociodemographic characteristics revealed significant differences within and between the groups. The variations in dietary intake between the PCOS-P and control groups were primarily in terms of total calories, carbohydrates, niacin, and folate, all of which were significantly higher in the PCOS-P group. Dietary fiber, unsaturated fat, vitamin A, vitamin B12, calcium, phosphorus, and selenium, on the other hand, were significantly higher in the control group. A majority of both groups had significantly higher BMI (overweight or obese) and higher BF, but normal VF. According to the findings, testosterone levels in PCOS-Ps were significantly higher than in the control group, but vitamin D-25-OH and high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly lower. Age, monthly income, cholesterol, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and testosterone were the fundamental causes impacting women's anthropometric indices. In conclusion, although both groups were overweight or obese, and differences in calorie and nutrient intake, HDL-C, testosterone, and vitamin D-25-OH levels were observed. The study advises such population groups to limit their consumption of foods high in calories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nujud H. Hurayb
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.H.H.); (A.S.A.-K.); (M.A.M.); (A.E.A.Y.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Ghedeir M. Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.H.H.); (A.S.A.-K.); (M.A.M.); (A.E.A.Y.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Abdulrahman S. Al-Khalifa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.H.H.); (A.S.A.-K.); (M.A.M.); (A.E.A.Y.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Nora Alafif
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11534, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dania H. Aljaroudi
- Research Center King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), P.O. Box 59046, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed A. Mohammed
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.H.H.); (A.S.A.-K.); (M.A.M.); (A.E.A.Y.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Abu ElGasim Ahmed Yagoub
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.H.H.); (A.S.A.-K.); (M.A.M.); (A.E.A.Y.); (M.A.Y.)
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.H.H.); (A.S.A.-K.); (M.A.M.); (A.E.A.Y.); (M.A.Y.)
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Sharma P, Kamath C, Brockman TA, Roche A, Sinicrope P, Jiang R, Decker PA, Pazdernik V, Patten C. Demographics and Social Factors Associated With Persistent Nonuse of Video Appointments at a Multisite Health Care Institution: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e50572. [PMID: 38265855 PMCID: PMC10851122 DOI: 10.2196/50572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 outbreak, video appointments became a popular method for health care delivery, particularly in the early stages of the pandemic. Although Mayo Clinic aimed to reduce face-to-face (F2F) appointments to prevent the spread of the virus, some patients continued seeing their health care providers in person. In the later stages of the pandemic, many patients became comfortable with video appointments, even if they were initially hesitant. However, a subset of patients continued to avoid video appointments. It is not yet clear what sociodemographic factors may be associated with this group of patients. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aimed to examine demographic and social determinant of health (SDoH) factors associated with persistent nonusers of video appointments among a sample of patients within a multistate health care organization. We also explored patient beliefs about the use of video for health care appointments. METHODS We conducted a 1-time cross-sectional paper survey, mailed between July and December 2022, of patients matching the eligibility criteria: (1) aged ≥18 years as of April 2020, (2) Mayo Clinic Midwest, Florida, or Arizona patient, (3) did not use video appointment services during April-December 2020 but attended F2F appointments in the departments of primary care and psychiatry/psychology. The survey asked patients, "Have you ever had a video appointment with a healthcare provider?" "Yes" respondents were defined as "users" (adapted to video appointments), and "no" respondents were defined as "persistent nonusers" of video appointments. We analyzed demographics, SDoH, and patient beliefs toward video appointments in 2 groups: persistent nonusers of video appointments and users. We used chi-square and 2-tailed t tests for analysis. RESULTS Our findings indicate that patients who were older, lived in rural areas, sought care at Mayo Clinic Midwest, and did not have access to the patient portal system were likely to be persistent nonusers of video appointments. Only 1 SDoH factor (not having a disability, handicap, or chronic disease) was associated with persistent nonuse of video appointments. Persistent nonusers of video appointments held personal beliefs such as discomfort with video communication, difficulty interpreting nonverbal cues, and personal preference for F2F appointments over video. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified demographic (older age and rural residence), sociodemographic factors (not having a disability, handicap, or chronic disease), and personal beliefs associated with patients' decisions to choose between video versus F2F appointments for health care delivery. Health care institutions should assess patients' negative attitudes toward technology prior to introducing them to digital health care services. Failing to do so may result in its restricted usage, negative patient experience, and wasted resources. For patients who hold negative beliefs about technology but are willing to learn, a "digital health coordinator" could be assigned to assist with various digital health solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Sharma
- Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Health System, Eau Claire, WI, United States
| | - Celia Kamath
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Tabetha A Brockman
- Health Equity and Community Engagement Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Anne Roche
- Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Pamela Sinicrope
- Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ruoxiang Jiang
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Paul A Decker
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Vanessa Pazdernik
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Christi Patten
- Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Myers MG, Dowling MA, Bohnert KM. Where do adults in the United States obtain cannabis? A nationally representative study examining the relationships between sociodemographic factors, cannabis use characteristics and sources of cannabis. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2024. [PMID: 38206664 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.23-00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Characterization of population subgroups based on where they acquire cannabis is unexplored. We examine relationships between sociodemographic characteristics, cannabis use modality, risky cannabis use, and source of cannabis. METHODS Analyzing a representative sample (unweighted n=8,089) of US adults living in medical cannabis permitting states with past-year cannabis use from the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), we determined source of last cannabis used. Outcome groups were: purchased from a dispensary, purchased from another source, or non-purchased source. Incorporating the complex survey design, descriptive statistics and adjusted multinomial logistic regressions evaluated associations between sociodemographic, individual cannabis use characteristics, and source of cannabis. Secondary analyses described cannabis purchasing characteristics among the subsample who last purchased cannabis. RESULTS Purchasing from a dispensary was the most common source of cannabis (42.5%). Significant relationships between sociodemographic characteristics, cannabis use modality, risky cannabis use, and source of cannabis were found. Recent cannabis initiates and those with cannabis vaporizer use had increased likelihood of purchasing cannabis from a dispensary. Purchasing from a non-dispensary source was most likely among those with daily cannabis use, past-month blunt use, past-year driving under the influence, cannabis use disorder, and cannabis and alcohol co-use. Among those purchasing cannabis, joints and other forms of cannabis were more likely to be purchased from a dispensary than purchased from other sources, respectively. CONCLUSION We identified key sociodemographic and cannabis use characteristics that may influence where individuals obtain cannabis, which are important for cannabis behavior surveillance and cannabis use prevention and intervention strategies to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Myers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Mari A Dowling
- Department of Anthropology, College of Social Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Kipling M Bohnert
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
- VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, United States
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Kamaludin IS, How LS, Yee A, Kaai SC, Yan M, Danaee M, Amer Nordin AS, Mohd Hairi F, Ahmad Tajuddin NA, Hasan SI, Quah ACK, Fong GT. Intentions to Quit, Quit Attempts, and the Use of Cessation Aids Among Malaysian Adult Smokers: Findings From the 2020 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Malaysia Survey. Asia Pac J Public Health 2024; 36:69-77. [PMID: 38197364 DOI: 10.1177/10105395231220465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
This study examined quitting behavior and use of cessation aids (CAs) among Malaysian adult smokers aged ≥18 years (n = 1,047). Data were from the 2020 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Malaysia Survey were analyzed. A total of 79.9% of Malaysian smokers attempted to quit in the past 12 months and 85.2% intended to quit in the next 6 months. The most common CAs were e-cigarettes (ECs) (61.4%), medication/nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs; 51.0%), and printed materials (36.7%); the least common CA was infoline/quitline services (8.1%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between sociodemographic variables and CAs use. Male smokers were more likely to use infoline/quitline services (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.27; P = .034). Malay smokers were more likely to use infoline/quitline services (aOR = 3.36; P = .002), ECs (aOR = 1.90; P = .004), printed materials (aOR = 1.79; P = .009), and in-person services (aOR = 1.75; P = .043). Most Malaysian smokers wanted to quit smoking. Furthermore, ECs were the most popular CAs, highlighting the need to assess the effectiveness of ECs for quitting smoking in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Sharyn Kamaludin
- Nicotine Addiction Research Collaborating Group, Universiti Malaya Centre for Addiction Science Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lim Sin How
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anne Yee
- Nicotine Addiction Research Collaborating Group, Universiti Malaya Centre for Addiction Science Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Susan C Kaai
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Mi Yan
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Danaee
- Nicotine Addiction Research Collaborating Group, Universiti Malaya Centre for Addiction Science Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amer Siddiq Amer Nordin
- Nicotine Addiction Research Collaborating Group, Universiti Malaya Centre for Addiction Science Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farizah Mohd Hairi
- Nicotine Addiction Research Collaborating Group, Universiti Malaya Centre for Addiction Science Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Amani Ahmad Tajuddin
- Nicotine Addiction Research Collaborating Group, Universiti Malaya Centre for Addiction Science Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Idayu Hasan
- Nicotine Addiction Research Collaborating Group, Universiti Malaya Centre for Addiction Science Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Universiti Malaya Community Engagement Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anne C K Quah
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Geoffrey T Fong
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Alwadeai KS. Sociodemographic factors, health behavior, parental or workplace smoking, and adult asthma risk in the United States. Work 2024; 77:1115-1124. [PMID: 38306078 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies have found a link between parental or workplace smoking and asthma risk, particularly in children and adolescents, only a few studies have found this link in adults. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the associations of sociodemographic factors, health behavior, and parental or workplace smoking with adult asthma risk in the United States (US). METHODS A secondary data analysis on 874 participants aged 25-45 was performed using data from the 2011-2014 National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States Refresher. Participants were divided into smokers and nonsmokers. Participants were further divided into groups A (a father or mother with a smoking history) and B (others in the house or colleagues in the workplace who had a smoking history). RESULTS Findings from the FREQ procedure revealed that sociodemographic (female, black, school or college education, unmarried/divorced, and employed) and lifestyle (no alcohol intake, physically inactive, and obese) and clinical (diabetes and joint disease) factors were significantly associated with one- or more-fold odds of asthma among adult smokers than nonsmokers. Adult smokers in group A, particularly females, those with a high school or college education, physically inactive, and overweight or obese, had a higher risk of asthma than those in group B. CONCLUSION Adult smokers' risk of developing asthma is increased in the US by having smoked with their parents, being a woman, being black, having a school or college education, being single or divorced, working, not drinking alcohol, being physically inactive, being obese, having diabetes, and having a joint disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid S Alwadeai
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
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11
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Atarere JO, Onyeaka HK, Chido-Amajuoyi OG, Adewunmi C, Nwaneki C, Dosunmu GT, Faith CO, Amonoo HL. Social media use and health promotion among cancer survivors. Psychooncology 2024; 33:e6299. [PMID: 38282227 DOI: 10.1002/pon.6299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social media is becoming recognized as an effective platform for cancer health promotion, education, care, and support. However, its utility as a health promotion tool remains relatively unexplored. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from the 2017-2020 Health Information National Trends Survey, we evaluated health-related usage of social media among cancer survivors and individuals without a history of cancer. We also examined the participant characteristics associated with social media usage and evaluated the relationship between social media use and positive health behaviors among the cancer survivors. RESULTS Overall, cancer survivors (n = 2579) were as likely as individuals without a history of cancer to use social media for health promotion. Males [OR 0.65; 95% CI (0.45, 0.93)] and older adults (>60 years old) [OR 0.27; 95% CI(0.10, 0.77)] were less likely to use social media, while higher income [OR 2.27; 95% CI (1.05, 4.92) middle income; OR 1.90; 95% CI (1.17, 3.09) high income] and educational levels [OR 3.29; 95% CI (1.85, 5.84) some college; OR 2.36; 95% CI (1.30, 4.28) college graduate or more] were associated with more health-related social media use among survivors. Cancer survivors used social media for online support groups more than other individuals, and those who used at least one form of social media for health-related purposes increasingly meet national recommendations for strength training compared to non-users [OR 2.15; 95% CI (1.48, 3.13)]. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the potential utility of social media to promote positive health behaviors among cancer survivors. Further research is needed to describe the efficacy of social media-based interventions for improving health behaviors in diverse cancer populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph O Atarere
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Henry K Onyeaka
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Onyema G Chido-Amajuoyi
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Comfort Adewunmi
- Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chisom Nwaneki
- Department of Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gideon T Dosunmu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chilotam O Faith
- Department of Medical and Laboratory Sciences, Madonna University, Madonna, Nigeria
| | - Hermioni L Amonoo
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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12
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Muhammad Azami NA, Abdullah N, Kamalul Ariffin AS, Abdullah MS, Dauni A, Kamaruddin MA, Jamal R. Hepatitis B and influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers, the elderly, and patients with diabetes in Malaysia. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2170660. [PMID: 36728847 PMCID: PMC10012949 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2170660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult immunization remains to be a neglected issue in developing countries including Malaysia. This nationwide study determined the vaccination coverage of hepatitis B and influenza among Malaysia's healthcare workers (HCWs), the elderly (aged 60 y and above) and patients with diabetes, who are the participants of The Malaysia Cohort Program. The participants were categorized based on their occupation, age and medical history. Self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the participant's hepatitis B and influenza vaccination status. A Chi-square test and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the risk factors associated with vaccination behavior. The hepatitis B vaccination coverage for healthcare workers, elderly, and patients with diabetes were 34.6%, 10.1% and 9.8%, respectively. The influenza vaccination coverage rates for healthcare workers, the elderly and patients with diabetes were 26.3%, 5.5% and 6.4%, respectively. The Chinese were more likely to be vaccinated against hepatitis B, while Malay was more likely to be vaccinated against influenza. Individuals with higher education and living in urban areas were more likely vaccinated than those with low education levels and who lived in rural areas. The low vaccination coverage for healthcare workers was alarming because hepatitis B and influenza were subsidized for the healthcare workers. The hepatitis B and influenza vaccination coverage among healthcare workers, elderly and patients with diabetes in Malaysia were low. Specific interventions such as educational and awareness programs should be conducted to increase the vaccination rate among adults, especially those at high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noraidatulakma Abdullah
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohd Shaharom Abdullah
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Andri Dauni
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Arman Kamaruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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13
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Brown MJ, Trask JS, Kaur A, Li X. Association between sociodemographic characteristics and HIV disclosure among people living with HIV in South Carolina: a structural equation modeling approach. AIDS Care 2023; 35:1904-1910. [PMID: 36630703 PMCID: PMC10333445 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2022.2163612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
HIV disclosure continues to be a key consideration among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, there is a lack of studies assessing factors associated with HIV disclosure among PLWH in the Southern U.S. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the association between sociodemographic risk factors and HIV disclosure using a structural equation modeling approach among PLWH in South Carolina. Exploratory factor analysis was used to operationalize HIV disclosure. Structural equation models were used to determine the associations between sociodemographic factors and HIV disclosure among PLWH. Two latent variables were obtained for HIV disclosure: partners (stable partners, spouses, casual partners), and family/friends (parents, grandparents, siblings, children, adult children, friends, and coworkers). After adjusting for confounders, Black populations were less likely to disclose their HIV status to both partners (β = -0.250, p = 0.006) and family/friends (β = -0.246, p < 0.001) compared to non-Black populations. As yearly income increased, the likelihood of HIV disclosure to family/friends decreased (β = -0.300, p = <0.001). As time since diagnosis increased, the likelihood of HIV disclosure to family/friends increased (β = 0.266, p = 0.001). Future research can assess the feasibility of implementing disclosure interventions that are geared towards Black, high income and newly diagnosed PLWH and the associations of psychosocial factors and HIV disclosure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique J. Brown
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
- Rural and Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
- Office for the Study on Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - J. Stewart Trask
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Xiaoming Li
- South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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14
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Dhital R, Pokharel A, Karageorgiou I, Poudel DR, Guma M, Kalunian K. Epidemiology and outcomes of emergency department visits in systemic lupus erythematosus: Insights from the nationwide emergency department sample (NEDS). Lupus 2023; 32:1646-1655. [PMID: 37961765 PMCID: PMC10666498 DOI: 10.1177/09612033231215381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are prone to frequent emergency department (ED) visits. This study explores the epidemiology and outcomes of ED visits by patients with SLE utilizing the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). METHODS Using NEDS (2019), SLE ED visits identified using ICD-10 codes (M32. xx) were compared with non-SLE ED visits in terms of demographic and clinical features and primary diagnoses associated with the ED visits. Factors associated with inpatient admission were analyzed using logistic regression. Variations in ED visits by age and race were assessed. RESULTS We identified 414,139 (0.35%) ED visits for adults ≥ 18 years with SLE. ED visits with SLE comprised more women, Black patients, ages 31-50 years, Medicare as the primary payer, and had higher comorbidity burden. A greater proportion of Black and Hispanic SLE patients who visited the ED were in the youngest age category of 18-30 years (around 20%) compared to White patients (less than 10%). Non-White patients had higher Medicaid utilization (27%-32% vs 19% in White patients). Comorbidity patterns varied based on race, with more White patients having higher rates of hyperlipidemia and ischemic heart disease (IHD) and more Black patients having chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension, and heart failure. Categorizing by race, SLE/connective tissue disease (CTD) and infection were the most prevalent primary ED diagnosis in non-White and White patients, respectively. Age ≥ 65 years, male sex, and comorbidities were linked to a higher risk of admission. Black race (OR 0.86, p = .01) and lowest income quartile (OR 0.78, p = .003) had lower odds of inpatient admission. CONCLUSION Infection and SLE/CTD were among the top diagnoses associated with ED visits and inpatient admission. Despite comprising a significant proportion of SLE ED visits, Black patients had lower odds of admission. While the higher prevalence of older age groups, hyperlipidemia, and IHD among White patients may partly explain the disparate results, and further study is needed to understand the role of other factors including reliance on the ED for routine care compared among Black patients, differences in insurance coverage, and potential socioeconomic biases among healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Dhital
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ashbina Pokharel
- Department of Medicine, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - Ioannis Karageorgiou
- Department of Medicine, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - Dilli R Poudel
- Department of Medicine, Indiana Regional Medical Center, Indiana, PA, USA
| | - Monica Guma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Rheumatology, Veteran’s Health Administration, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth Kalunian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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15
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Kan K, Morales L, Shah A, Simmons E, Barrera L, Massey L, List G, Gupta RS. Digital Technology Characteristics and Literacy Among Families With Children With Asthma: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2023; 6:e48822. [PMID: 38031428 DOI: 10.2196/48822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The use of digital technology in pediatric asthma management has emerged as a potential tool for improving asthma management. However, the use of digital tools has the potential to contribute to the inequitable delivery of asthma care because of existing social factors associated with asthma disparities. Our study focused on parents' chosen language and sociodemographic factors that might shape the use of digital technology in asthma self-management. Objective This study aims to estimate and compare patient, family, and technology-related characteristics by parents' chosen language (English or Spanish) and compare a digital literacy measure by sociodemographic factors. Methods Survey data were collected from July to December 2021 from parents of children with asthma who were seen by a Chicago pediatric health system pulmonary provider. Questions assessed patient and family characteristics, digital technology use, and digital literacy, measured using the validated eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS). Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression were used for comparisons, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparing median eHEALS scores by social characteristics. Results Of the 197 parents surveyed, 24.4% (n=49) of parents identified as a race categorized as other, 37.1% (n=67) as White, and 38.6% (n=75) as Black; 47.2% (n=93) identified as Hispanic/Latino/Latina. Additionally, 79.7% (n=157) of parents preferred English, and 20.3% (n=40) preferred Spanish. English-speaking parents were more likely to report having a data plan for their smartphone (117/157, 74.5%) or high-speed internet (138/157, 87.9%) compared to Spanish-speaking parents (smartphone: 23/40, 58%; P=.03; internet: 27/40, 68%; P=.002). Compared with Spanish-speaking parents, English-speaking parents were less likely to report having a lot or some concern about paying for internet (28/40, 70% vs 83/157, 52.9%; P=.046) or about data privacy (35/40, 88% vs 105/157, 67.5%; P=.01). Digital literacy scores differed significantly by race, income, education level, and language. In a multivariable model, language was not a significant factor for having high-speed internet service (P=.12) or concern about paying for internet at home (P=.60), but it was a significant factor for concerns about data privacy (P=.04). Conclusions The significant differences in technology-related characteristics suggest that digital connectivity, affordability, and data privacy may also be important factors in considering digital technology use in asthma care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Kan
- Division of Advanced General Pediatrics and Primary Care, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute of Public Health and Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Mary Ann & J Milburn Smith Child Health Outcomes, Research, and Evaluation Center, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lu Morales
- Mary Ann & J Milburn Smith Child Health Outcomes, Research, and Evaluation Center, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Avani Shah
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Emily Simmons
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Leonardo Barrera
- Mary Ann & J Milburn Smith Child Health Outcomes, Research, and Evaluation Center, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Liana Massey
- Mary Ann & J Milburn Smith Child Health Outcomes, Research, and Evaluation Center, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Greta List
- Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ruchi S Gupta
- Division of Advanced General Pediatrics and Primary Care, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Institute of Public Health and Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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Allen LN, Nkomazana O, Kumar Mishra S, Ratshaa B, Ho-Foster A, Rono H, Roshan A, Macleod D, Kim M, Patricia Marques A, Bolster N, Burton M, Gichangi M, Karanja S, Bastawrous A. Sociodemographic characteristics of community eye screening participants: protocol for cross-sectional equity analyses in Botswana, India, Kenya, and Nepal. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 7:144. [PMID: 37485295 PMCID: PMC10357071 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17768.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Attendance rates for eye clinics are low across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and exhibit marked sociodemographic inequalities. We aimed to quantify the association between a range of sociodemographic domains and attendance rates from vision screening in programmes launching in Botswana, India, Kenya and Nepal. Methods We performed a literature review of international guidance on sociodemographic data collection. Once we had identified 13 core candidate domains (age, gender, place of residence, language, ethnicity/tribe/caste, religion, marital status, parent/guardian status, place of birth, education, occupation, income, wealth) we held workshops with researchers, academics, programme implementers, and programme designers in each country to tailor the domains and response options to the national context, basing our survey development on the USAID Demographic and Health Survey model questionnaire and the RAAB7 eye health survey methodology. The draft surveys were reviewed by health economists and piloted with laypeople before being finalised, translated, and back-translated for use in Botswana, Kenya, India, and Nepal. These surveys will be used to assess the distribution of eye disease among different sociodemographic groups, and to track attendance rates between groups in four major eye screening programmes. We gather data from 3,850 people in each country and use logistic regression to identify the groups that experience the worst access to community-based eye care services in each setting. We will use a secure, password protected android-based app to gather sociodemographic information. These data will be stored using state-of-the art security measures, complying with each country's data management legislation and UK law. Discussion This low-risk, embedded, pragmatic, observational data collection will enable eye screening programme managers to accurately identify which sociodemographic groups are facing the highest systematic barriers to accessing care at any point in time. This information will be used to inform the development of service improvements to improve equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke N Allen
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Bakgaki Ratshaa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Ari Ho-Foster
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Hillary Rono
- Peek Vision, Berkhamsted, UK
- Kitale County and Referral Hospital, Kitale, Kenya
| | - Abhiskek Roshan
- Nepal Netra Jyoti Sangh, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Sagarmatha Choudhary Eye Hospital, Lahan, Nepal
| | - David Macleod
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Min Kim
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ana Patricia Marques
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Nigel Bolster
- Peek Vision, Berkhamsted, UK
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Matthew Burton
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Andrew Bastawrous
- Peek Vision, Berkhamsted, UK
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Karabulut Gul S, Tepetam H, Gursel OK, Alanyali S, Oruc AF, Tugrul F, Ergen SA, Yavuz BB, Kanyilmaz G, Altinok P, Bolukbasi Y, Alomari O, Akmansu M. Investigating the levels of depression, anxiety, sexual disorders, and other influencing factors in breast cancer patients: Turkish radiation oncology integrative group study (12-05). Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35280. [PMID: 37960771 PMCID: PMC10637556 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The fear of death associated with cancer and the side effects of its treatments can have a detrimental psychological impact on breast cancer patients. Early detection and support services play a crucial role in alleviating the expected symptoms of depression, anxiety, and sexual dysfunction. The objective of our study is to assess the levels of depression, anxiety, and sexual dysfunction in breast cancer patients, as well as identify the factors that influence these conditions. The study involved 329 voluntarily participating breast cancer patients who had undergone surgery and were in the follow-up stage. Data were collected from 8 different centers after obtaining ethical approval. The assessment utilized tools such as the Sociodemographic Information Form, Beck Depression and Anxiety Scale, and Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20. The study included 329 breast cancer patients in the follow-up stage post-surgery. Their average age was 52.7 years (range: 27-83). Results indicated that 33.1% experienced moderate to severe depression, 18.2% reported severe anxiety, and 82.7% scored above 11 on the sexual scale. Factors linked to higher scores were mastectomy, surgical dissatisfaction, insufficient information on sexual side effects, and comorbidities like smoking and diabetes. The study emphasizes the importance of closely monitoring anxiety, depression levels, and sexual side effects in breast cancer treatment. It underscores the need to focus not only on reducing mortality rates but also on supporting patients' psychological and sexual well-being, ultimately improving their overall quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Karabulut Gul
- University of Health Sciences, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Tepetam
- University of Health Sciences, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozge Kandemir Gursel
- Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Fatih Oruc
- Istanbul Oncology Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fuzuli Tugrul
- Eskisehir City Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sefika Arzu Ergen
- Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Gul Kanyilmaz
- Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Pelin Altinok
- University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Bolukbasi
- Koc University Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omar Alomari
- Hamidiye International School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muge Akmansu
- Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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18
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Ho HC, Wong SSC, Cheung CW. Individual-level and neighborhood-level shifts in mortality patterns among drug poisoning deaths in a high-density Asian city: a territory-wide, case-only analysis. Int Health 2023; 15:715-722. [PMID: 36916328 PMCID: PMC10629959 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The shifts in individual-level and neighborhood-level patterns of drug poisoning deaths in a high-density Asian city over time have been underestimated, although they provide essential information for community-based surveillance and interventions. METHODS A case-only analysis with a 16-y, territory-wide, population-based registry in Hong Kong was applied to compare drug poisoning deaths from 2001 to 2010 with 2011 to 2016. Drug poisoning deaths, deaths from heroin and deaths from other opioids (codeine or morphine) were extracted (ICD codes: T36-T50, T40.1, T40.2). Binomial regressions were used to estimate the shifts in mortality patterns. RESULTS Among 3069 drug poisoning deaths, a significant shift in mortality patterns was found despite a decreasing mortality trend in Hong Kong. Overall, drug poisoning deaths shifted towards middle-aged/young-old, widowed/divorced, economically active, white collar and non-local born. Since 2011, more deaths from heroin were in older ages and non-local born, but less were never married and economically inactive. More deaths from other opioids were middle-aged, young-old and divorced. In particular, most decedents shifted towards young-old, especially deaths from other opioids. Compared with deaths during 2001-2010, there were 3.72- and 6.50-fold more deaths from heroin and deaths from other opioids in those aged ≥60 y since 2021 (ORs: 3.72 [2.37, 5.86], 6.50 [3.97, 10.65]), respectively. Additionally, drug poisoning deaths shifted towards areas with less neighborhood deprivation (more high-education individuals and a mix of private/public housing residents), especially deaths from other opioids. CONCLUSION Misuse of registered drugs (e.g. opioid pain relievers) could be a rising trend among vulnerable subpopulations in Hong Kong other than illegal drug use (heroin). Health officials should provide more advice and support on drug information. Specifically, an improved health system with education regarding the appropriate use of registered drugs for medical treatments should be provided to mid-/high-income and local-born individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Chak Ho
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Stanley Sau-Ching Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Wai Cheung
- Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Al-Hazzaa HM, Alrasheedi AA, Alsulaimani RA, Jabri L, Alhowikan AM, Alhussain MH, Bawaked RA, Alqahtani SA. Corrigendum: Prevalence of overweight and obesity among saudi children: a comparison of two widely used international standards and the national growth references. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1305460. [PMID: 38027125 PMCID: PMC10654617 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1305460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.954755.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani A. Alrasheedi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A. Alsulaimani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laura Jabri
- American International School of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maha H. Alhussain
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Foods & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rowaedh A. Bawaked
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Alqahtani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Feder K, Marro L, Portnuff C. Leisure noise exposure and hearing outcomes among Canadians aged 6 to 79 years. Int J Audiol 2023; 62:1031-1047. [PMID: 36036440 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2022.2114022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between individual and cumulative leisure noise exposure in addition to acceptable yearly exposure (AYE) and hearing outcomes among a nationally representative sample of Canadians. DESIGN Audiometry, distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and in-person questionnaires were used to evaluate hearing and leisure noise exposure across age, sex, and household income/education level. High-risk cumulative leisure noise exposure was defined as 85 dBA or greater for 40 h or more per week, with AYE calculations also based on this occupational limit. STUDY SAMPLE A randomised sample of 10,460 respondents, aged 6-79, completed questionnaires and hearing evaluations between 2012 and 2015. RESULTS Among 50-79 year olds, high-risk cumulative leisure noise was associated with increased odds of a notch while high exposure to farming/construction equipment noise was associated with hearing loss, notches and absent DPOAEs. No associations with hearing loss were found however, non-significant tendencies observed included higher mean hearing thresholds, notches and hearing loss odds. CONCLUSION Educational outreach and monitoring of hearing among young and middle-aged populations exposed to hazardous leisure noise would be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya Feder
- Non-Ionizing Radiation Health Sciences Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology Program, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leonora Marro
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cory Portnuff
- UCHealth Hearing and Balance Clinic, Aurora, CO, USA
- Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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Krajewski AK, Patel A, Gray CL, Messer LC, Keeler CY, Langlois PH, Reefhuis J, Gilboa SM, Werler MM, Shaw GM, Carmichael SL, Nembhard WN, Insaf TZ, Feldkamp ML, Conway KM, Lobdell DT, Desrosiers TA. Is gastroschisis associated with county-level socio-environmental quality during pregnancy? Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1758-1769. [PMID: 37772934 PMCID: PMC10878499 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroschisis prevalence more than doubled between 1995 and 2012. While there are individual-level risk factors (e.g., young maternal age, low body mass index), the impact of environmental exposures is not well understood. METHODS We used the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Quality Index (EQI) as a county-level estimate of cumulative environmental exposures for five domains (air, water, land, sociodemographic, and built) and overall from 2006 to 2010. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated from logistic regression models between EQI tertiles (better environmental quality (reference); mid; poorer) and gastroschisis in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study from births delivered between 2006 and 2011. Our analysis included 594 cases with gastroschisis and 4105 infants without a birth defect (controls). RESULTS Overall EQI was modestly associated with gastroschisis (aOR [95% CI]: 1.29 [0.98, 1.71]) for maternal residence in counties with poorer environmental quality, compared to the reference (better environmental quality). Within domain-specific indices, only the sociodemographic domain (aOR: 1.51 [0.99, 2.29]) was modestly associated with gastroschisis, when comparing poorer to better environmental quality. CONCLUSIONS Future work could elucidate pathway(s) by which components of the sociodemographic domain or possibly related psychosocial factors like chronic stress potentially contribute to risk of gastroschisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison K. Krajewski
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health & Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Achal Patel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Corinna Y. Keeler
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peter H. Langlois
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health—Austin Regional Campus, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Division of Birth Defects and Infant Disorders, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Suzanne M. Gilboa
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Division of Birth Defects and Infant Disorders, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Martha M. Werler
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University, School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gary M. Shaw
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Wendy N. Nembhard
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Tabassum Z. Insaf
- New York State Department of Health, Center for Environmental Health, Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Marcia L. Feldkamp
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kristin M. Conway
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Danelle T. Lobdell
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health & Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tania A. Desrosiers
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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22
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Almansour AM. The level of emotional intelligence among Saudi nursing students: A cross-sectional study. Belitung Nurs J 2023; 9:471-477. [PMID: 37901375 PMCID: PMC10600711 DOI: 10.33546/bnj.2794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emotional intelligence is an individual's capacity to comprehend, use, and control their own emotions to communicate and connect with people successfully. The emotional intelligence level among nursing students indicates their ability to regulate their emotions, possess self-awareness, demonstrate empathy, have motivation, and display social skills, impacting how they adapt during their education and preparation for nursing care. However, studies investigating emotional intelligence in the Saudi Arabian context are scarce. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the degree of emotional intelligence and its differences according to sociodemographic variables among nursing students in Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken with 322 nursing students conveniently selected at Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected between May and June 2023 utilizing the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT). Descriptive statistics, such as mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used for data analysis. Results Most of the students had emotional intelligence levels ranging from moderate to high (96.6%). There were significant differences in emotional intelligence levels according to the age of students, gender, year of study, marital status, mother's education, physical and psychological health, and grade point average (p <0.05). Conclusion The study findings may offer valuable insights for nursing educators in universities, emphasizing the importance of enhancing emotional intelligence and integrating it into nursing curricula. Additionally, it highlights the need to develop effective strategies and training sessions and workshops according to sociodemographic factors to enhance emotional intelligence levels among nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mansour Almansour
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
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Ghanem AS, Móré M, Nagy AC. Assessing the impact of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors on oral health: a cross-sectional study in the Hungarian population. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1276758. [PMID: 37927886 PMCID: PMC10623121 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1276758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral health, a critical aspect of overall well-being, is influenced by various sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, with poor oral health associated with systemic diseases and diminished quality of life. Methods This cross-sectional study leverages data from the Hungarian European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) representative of the Hungarian population, to conduct a comprehensive examination of the intersection between these factors and oral health, aiming to identify potential risk factors and contribute to the development of targeted interventions. The research examined associations between sociodemographic/lifestyle factors and oral health. Statistical techniques included Pearson's Chi-square test, multivariate and ordinal logistic regression analyses. Weighting was applied to assure the representativeness of the population and enhance the validity of the survey results. Results The study identifies gender, age, education, financial status, smoking, and self-perceived oral health as key factors influencing oral health outcomes. Notably, regular dental visits significantly reduced the risk of poor oral health and caries. Females, non-smokers, university graduates, high-income individuals, and those with good self-perceived health had fewer missing teeth and better self-perceived oral health. Teeth extractions due to decay, especially when not replaced, significantly increased the perception of poor oral health, while regular dental visits improved it. Discussion The study highlights the need for personalized oral health interventions considering the different sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, along with promotion of healthy lifestyle, more frequent dental office visits and equitable dental care access. The findings offer the potential to inform regional oral health policies and prevention strategies, improving oral health and overall wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Sayed Ghanem
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Informatics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Marianna Móré
- Institute of Social and Sociological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | - Attila Csaba Nagy
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Informatics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Tay E, Barnett D, Rowland M, Kerse N, Edlin R, Waters DL, Connolly M, Pillai A, Tupou E, Teh R. Sociodemographic and Health Indicators of Diet Quality in Pre-Frail Older Adults in New Zealand. Nutrients 2023; 15:4416. [PMID: 37892491 PMCID: PMC10610025 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and health indicators of diet quality in pre-frail community-dwelling older adults. Pre-frail older adults are those at risk of progression to clinical manifestations of frailty and are targets for preventative intervention. We previously reported that pre-frail older adults have reasonably good overall diet quality. However, further analyses found a low intake of energy, protein and several micronutrients. METHODS We collected detailed dietary intake from pre-frail (FRAIL scale 1-2) older adults using NZ Intake24, an online version of 24 h multiple pass dietary recall. Diet quality was ascertained with the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). We used regression generalized linear models to determine predictors of diet quality as well as classification and regression tree (CART) analysis to examine the complex relationships between predictors and identified profiles of sub-groups of older adults that predict diet quality. RESULTS The median age in this sample (n = 468) was 80.0 years (77.0-84.0). Living with others, a high deprivation index and a higher BMI were independent predictors of poorer diet quality. With CART analysis, we found that those with a BMI > 29 kg/m2, living with others and younger than 80 years were likely to have a lower diet quality. CONCLUSIONS We found that BMI, living arrangement and socioeconomic status were independent predictors of diet quality in pre-frail older adults, with BMI being the most important variable in this sample when the interaction of these variables was considered. Future research is needed to determine the similarities and/or differences in the profile of subgroups of older adults with poorer diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Tay
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (E.T.); (N.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Daniel Barnett
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (D.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Maisie Rowland
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
| | - Ngaire Kerse
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (E.T.); (N.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Richard Edlin
- Health Systems Group, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Debra L. Waters
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand;
- Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Martin Connolly
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Avinesh Pillai
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (D.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Evelingi Tupou
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (E.T.); (N.K.); (E.T.)
| | - Ruth Teh
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; (E.T.); (N.K.); (E.T.)
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Mahajan A, Haines J, Yu J, Darlington G, Buchholz AC, Duncan AM, Ma DWL. Sugar Intake among Preschool-Aged Children in the Guelph Family Health Study: Associations with Sociodemographic Characteristics. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1459. [PMID: 37761420 PMCID: PMC10530220 DOI: 10.3390/children10091459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is crucial to develop strategies targeted to promote healthy eating patterns in vulnerable populations, especially young children from diverse sociodemographic groups. Thus, the study objective was to investigate the associations between child age, child sex, child ethnicity, parent number of years living in Canada, annual household income, parent education and parent marital status with total, free and added sugar intakes in young children. METHODS This cross-sectional study was a secondary analysis of data gathered in the Guelph Family Health Study. The study included 267 children (129M; 138F) from 210 families aged 1.5 to 5 years. Parents completed questionnaires for children on sociodemographic characteristics and an online 24-hour diet recall. The associations between sociodemographic characteristics and sugar intakes were determined using generalized estimating equations applied to linear regression models. RESULTS The mean age of the children was 3.5 ± 1.2 years (mean ± std dev.). As children's age increased, there was a greater intake of free and added sugar (β^ = 8.6, p = 0.01, 95% CI = 2.4 to 14.7 and β^ = 6.5, p = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.8 to 12.2, respectively). Those children who identified as white had a higher total sugar intake than children of other ethnicities (β^ = 31.0, p = 0.01, 95% CI = 7.2 to 54.7). Additionally, higher annual household income was associated with lower was free sugar intake in children (β^ = -2.4, p = 0.02, 95% CI = -4.5 to -0.4). CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the significant influence of multiple sociodemographic characteristics on sugar intake in young children, providing valuable insights for public health policy and nutrition interventions. Moreover, this study highlights the need for early behaviour interventions focusing on reducing sugar intake in young children, while considering sociodemographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Mahajan
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (A.M.); (J.Y.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (J.H.); (A.C.B.)
| | - Jessica Yu
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (A.M.); (J.Y.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Gerarda Darlington
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2 W1, Canada;
| | - Andrea C. Buchholz
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (J.H.); (A.C.B.)
| | - Alison M. Duncan
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (A.M.); (J.Y.); (A.M.D.)
| | - David W. L. Ma
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (A.M.); (J.Y.); (A.M.D.)
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Gruenewald T, Seeman TE, Choo TH, Scodes J, Snyder C, Pavlicova M, Weinstein M, Schwartz JE, Mukkamala R, Sloan RP. Cardiovascular variability, sociodemographics, and biomarkers of disease: the MIDUS study. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1234427. [PMID: 37693005 PMCID: PMC10484414 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1234427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Like heart rate, blood pressure (BP) is not steady but varies over intervals as long as months to as short as consecutive cardiac cycles. This blood pressure variability (BPV) consists of regularly occurring oscillations as well as less well-organized changes and typically is computed as the standard deviation of multiple clinic visit-to-visit (VVV-BP) measures or from 24-h ambulatory BP recordings (ABPV). BP also varies on a beat-to-beat basis, quantified by methods that parse variation into discrete bins, e.g., low frequency (0.04-0.15 Hz, LF). However, beat-to-beat BPV requires continuous recordings that are not easily acquired. As a result, we know little about the relationship between LF-BPV and basic sociodemographic characteristics such as age, sex, and race and clinical conditions. Methods: We computed LF-BPV during an 11-min resting period in 2,118 participants in the Midlife in the US (MIDUS) study. Results: LF-BPV was negatively associated with age, greater in men than women, and unrelated to race or socioeconomic status. It was greater in participants with hypertension but unrelated to hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, diabetes, elevated CRP, or obesity. LF-diastolic BPV (DBPV), but not-systolic BPV (SBPV), was negatively correlated with IL-6 and s-ICAM and positively correlated with urinary epinephrine and cortisol. Finally, LF-DBPV was negatively associated with mortality, an effect was rendered nonsignificant by adjustment by age but not other sociodemographic characteristics. Discussion: These findings, the first from a large, national sample, suggest that LF-BPV differs significantly from VVV-BP and ABPV. Confirming its relationship to sociodemographic risk factors and clinical outcomes requires further study with large and representative samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Gruenewald
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Teresa E. Seeman
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tse-Hwei Choo
- Mental Health Data Science Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jennifer Scodes
- Mental Health Data Science Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Clayton Snyder
- Mental Health Data Science Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Martina Pavlicova
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Joseph E. Schwartz
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ramakrishna Mukkamala
- Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Richard P. Sloan
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
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Tembhe A, Preisser JS, Batorsky A, Weintraub JA. Ten-year cross-sectional and longitudinal assessment and factors associated with unfavourable self-rated oral health in older adults in the United States. Gerodontology 2023:10.1111/ger.12710. [PMID: 37550001 PMCID: PMC11006401 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of demographic and socio-economic characteristics with self-reported oral health (SROH) among older adults who participated in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in 2008, 2018, or both, and to describe temporal changes. METHODS Data were from the University of Michigan's Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative longitudinal survey of Americans aged 51 and older. Responses from participants who completed the Core HRS survey and Dental Module (DM) in 2008 (n = 1310), 2018 (n = 1330), and the "common group" at both timepoints (n = 559) were analysed. Using the common group, the outcome measure was 2018 self-rated oral health (Favourable vs Unfavourable). Potential explanatory variables included 2008 self-rated oral health (SROH), sociodemographic, and dental utilisation-related factors. Survey logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors that were associated with unfavourable 2018 SROH in 2018. RESULTS Unfavourable SROH prevalence was 28.5% and 31.6% in 2008 and 2018, respectively. Among the common, longitudinal group, the unfavourable prevalence remained the same, 26.1% at both timepoints. A positive association was seen between 2018 unfavourable SROH and baseline variables of 2008 unfavourable SROH, male gender, less education, and lower levels of wealth. CONCLUSIONS Over a quarter of participants reported unfavourable SROH. There was little change in SROH during this period. Sociodemographic factors influence the SROH of the older population. Policies and programs to promote and protect the oral health of older adults should be designed and implemented to reduce social inequalities and improve the SROH of disadvantaged older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Tembhe
- Division of Public Health, Oral Health Section, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - John S Preisser
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anna Batorsky
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jane A Weintraub
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Adu-Brimpong J, Pugh J, Darko DA, Shieh L. Examining Diversity in Digital Therapeutics Clinical Trials: Descriptive Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e37447. [PMID: 37531157 PMCID: PMC10433021 DOI: 10.2196/37447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital therapeutics (DTx) are an emerging class of software-based medical therapies helping to improve care access and delivery. As we leverage these digital health therapies broadly in clinical care, it is important to consider sociodemographic representation underlying clinical trials data to ensure broad application to all groups. OBJECTIVE We review current sociodemographic representation in DTx clinical trials using data from the Digital Therapeutics Alliance Product Library database. METHODS We conducted a descriptive analysis of DTx products. We analyzed 15 manuscripts associated with 13 DTx products. Sociodemographic information was retrieved and compared with the US population's demographic distribution. RESULTS The median study size and age of participants were 252 and 43.3 years, respectively. Of the 15 studies applicable to this study, 10 (67%) reported that females made up 65% or greater of the study cohort. A total of 14 studies reported race data with Black or African American and Asian American individuals underrepresented in 9 and 11 studies, respectively. In 7 studies that reported ethnicity, Hispanics were underrepresented in all 7 studies. Furthermore, 8 studies reported education levels, with 5 studies reporting populations in which 70% or greater had at least some college education. Only 3 studies reported health insurance information, each reporting a study cohort in which 100% of members were privately insured. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate opportunities for improved sociodemographic representation in DTx clinical trials, especially for underserved populations typically underrepresented in clinical trials. This review is a step in examining sociodemographic representation in DTx clinical trials to help inform the path forward for DTx development and testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Adu-Brimpong
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer Pugh
- Division of Dermatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
| | - David Agyen Darko
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Lisa Shieh
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Yoade B, Akinbode O, Olatunji O, Popoola O, Busari O, Odenigbo N, Kogan I, Nkemjika S. Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) in New Jersey (NJ): Disparity in Treatment. Cureus 2023; 15:e43286. [PMID: 37692715 PMCID: PMC10492633 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) continues to be a threat to public health due to the associated morbidity, mortality, and social and economic impacts. AUD accounts for greater than 85,000 deaths annually in the United States and greater than 1500 deaths annually in New Jersey (NJ). Despite these associated burdens, the treatment of AUD remains unequal among the population, and it is important to identify the factors influencing the disparity in defined population groups such as NJ to drive the appropriate intervention. Data were retrieved from the 2018 Treatment Episode Data Set-Discharges (TEDS-D) of the United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Logistic regression analysis was used to predict the odds of receiving treatment based on socioeconomic factors and the type of treatment received. Compared to Asian or Pacific Islanders in NJ, the American Indian [odds ratio, OR=2.12, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.95-2.31] has the greatest odds of receiving treatment for AUD, followed by the Black or African American [OR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.65-1.75], the Alaska Native [OR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.42-1.96], and then the White [OR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.12-1.52]. Those who are retired or on disability [OR=0.88, 95% CI: 0.82-0.94] have lower odds of receiving treatment than those on salary or wages. Those with AUD in NJ have a lower odd of receiving detoxification treatment in a 24-h hospital inpatient setting [OR=0.88, 95% CI 0.82-0.95] and a higher odd of receiving detoxification treatment in a 24-h service, free-standing residential setting when compared to the treatment received in a rehabilitation/hospital (other than detoxification) setting. This study shows that disparity exists in relation to the type of treatment received and the setting of treatment for AUD in NJ in addition to disparity based on the sociodemographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olubusola Olatunji
- College of Health Sciences & Human Services, North Kentucky University, Kentucky, USA
| | - Olufemi Popoola
- Neiswanger Institute of Bioethics and Healthcare Leadership, Loyola University, Illinois, USA
| | - Oluwatoyin Busari
- Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Nkolika Odenigbo
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Irina Kogan
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Stanley Nkemjika
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
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Torres TS, Silva MST, Coutinho C, Hoagland B, Jalil EM, Cardoso SW, Moreira J, Magalhaes MA, Luz PM, Veloso VG, Grinsztejn B. Evaluation of Mpox Knowledge, Stigma, and Willingness to Vaccinate for Mpox: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey Among Sexual and Gender Minorities. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e46489. [PMID: 37459174 PMCID: PMC10411424 DOI: 10.2196/46489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2022 multicountry mpox outbreak positioned the condition as a public health emergency of international concern. By May 2023, Brazil ranked second globally in the cumulative number of mpox cases and deaths. The higher incidence of mpox among gay and other men who have sex with men in the current mpox outbreak deepens the stigma and discrimination against sexual and gender minorities (SGM). This might worsen the structural barriers impacting access to health services, which ultimately leads to undertesting and underreporting of cases. There are no data available on mpox knowledge and stigma in Latin America. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate mpox knowledge, stigma, and willingness to vaccinate for mpox among SGM, and to describe sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics according to self-reported mpox diagnosis. METHODS A cross-sectional, internet-based survey was conducted in a convenience sample of adults (aged >18 years) living in Brazil recruited through advertisements on dating apps, social media, referral institutions for infectious diseases websites, and mass media (October-November 2022). We compared participants' characteristics according to self-reported mpox diagnosis using chi-square test or Fisher exact test for qualitative variables and Kruskal-Wallis test for quantitative variables. RESULTS We enrolled 6236 participants: 5685 (91.2%) were cisgender men; 6032 (96.7%) were gay, bisexual, or pansexual; 3877 (62.2%) were White; 4902 (78.7%) had tertiary education; and 4070 (65.2%) reported low or middle income. Most participants (n=5258, 84.4%) agreed or strongly agreed that "LGBTQIA+ individuals are being discriminated and stigmatized due to mpox." Mpox awareness was 96.9% (n=6044), and 5008 (95.1%) were willing to get vaccinated for mpox. Overall, 324 (5.2%) reported an mpox diagnosis. Among these, 318 (98.1%) reported lesions, 178 (56%) local pain, and 316 (99.4%) sought health care. Among participants not reporting a diagnosis, 288 (4.9%) had a suspicious lesion, but only 158 (54.9%) of these had sought health care. Compared to participants with no diagnosis, those reporting an mpox diagnosis were younger (P<.001), reported more sex partners (P<.001), and changes in sexual behavior after mpox onset (P=.002). Moreover, participants diagnosed with mpox reported more frequently being tested for HIV in the prior 3 months (P<.001), living with HIV (P<.001), currently using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (P<.001), and previous sexually transmitted infection diagnosis (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results point to high mpox knowledge and willingness to vaccinate among SGM in Brazil. Participants self-reporting mpox diagnosis more frequently reported to be living with HIV, STI diagnosis, and current pre-exposure prophylaxis use, highlighting the importance of an mpox assessment that includes comprehensive sexual health screenings. Efforts to decrease stigma related to mpox among SGM are necessary to avoid mpox underdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Silva Torres
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Coutinho
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Brenda Hoagland
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emilia Moreira Jalil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sandra Wagner Cardoso
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Monica Avelar Magalhaes
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (ICICT-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula Mendes Luz
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valdilea G Veloso
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Grinsztejn
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Wirayuda AAB, Al-Mahrezi A, Chan MF. Comparing Life Expectancy Determinants between Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates from 1980-2020. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:1293-1305. [PMID: 37504486 PMCID: PMC10378486 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13070095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite marked advancements, life expectancy (LE) growth in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has remained stagnant compared to other developed nations. This study aims to investigate the significant correlation between macroeconomic (ME), sociodemographic (SD), and health status and resources (HSR) factors and LE to formulate an explanatory model for Saudi Arabia and the UAE-a previously unexplored area. Utilizing an ecological, retrospective, time-series study design, we delved into secondary data on SD, ME, and HSR factors and LE of the populations of the UAE and Saudi Arabia spanning three decades (1980-2020). We employed partial least squares-structural equation modeling for statistical analysis. Our analysis revealed significant direct impacts of HSR factors on LE for Saudi Arabia (β = 0.958, p < 0.001) and the UAE (β = 0.716, p < 0.001). Furthermore, we discerned a notable indirect influence of ME factors on LE, mediated through SD and HSR factors for Saudi Arabia (β = 0.507, p < 0.001) and the UAE (β = 0.509, p < 0.001), along with a considerable indirect effect of SD factors on LE through HSR (Saudi: β = 0.529, p < 0.001; UAE: β = 0.711, p < 0.001). This study underscores the mediating role of a nexus of ME-SD-HSR factors on LE in Saudi Arabia and the UAE. Consequently, these findings signal an imperative need for holistic policy interventions addressing ME, SD, and HSR factors, aiming to alter health behaviors and improve LE projections for Saudi Arabia and the UAE in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anak Agung Bagus Wirayuda
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Abdulaziz Al-Mahrezi
- Director General of Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Moon Fai Chan
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
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Permatasari TAE, Chadirin Y, Ernirita, Elvira F, Putri BA. The association of sociodemographic, nutrition, and sanitation on stunting in children under five in rural area of West Java Province in Indonesia. J Public Health Res 2023; 12:22799036231197169. [PMID: 37663311 PMCID: PMC10469257 DOI: 10.1177/22799036231197169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia has decreased gradually. The strategy to reduce stunting is currently prioritized on improving socio-economic levels, fulfilling food intake, and sanitation conditions. This study aims to analyze the association between sociodemographics, nutrition, and sanitation on stunting in rural West Java Province in Indonesia. Design and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in May-August 2022 among 247 mother-children pairs, selected by systematic random sampling from a rural area of West Java Province in Indonesia. The sociodemographic characteristics were measured using a structured questionnaire. The nutritional status of the children under five was assessed by length/height-for-age (HAZ), and was calculated using WHO Anthro software. Sanitation is assessed using observation and interviews with a structured questionnaire. Results The prevalence of stunting in children under five was 20.7% (5.3% severely stunted and 15.4% stunted). Binary logistic regression analysis using SPSS version 22.0 show that mother's height as the dominant factor associated with stunting in children under five (AOR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.12-4.67, p = 0.008). In addition, children's age (AOR = 0.250, 95% CI: 0.104-0.598, p = 0.002); balanced diet practices (AOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 0.965-2.56, p = 0.069), and building materials (AOR = 1.869, 95% CI: 0.87-4.00, p = 0.108 are also related to stunting in children under five. Conclusions Efforts to improve maternal nutrition need to be carried out from the period before pregnancy to the first 1000 days of life. Education on healthy home indicators, especially the use of this type of building materials for houses, needs to be done to improve sanitation as an effort to prevent stunting in children under five.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tria Astika Endah Permatasari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yudi Chadirin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, IPB University, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ernirita
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Feby Elvira
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bella Arinda Putri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
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Azar M, Chapman S, Joyce J, Schultheis M, Zhang Z, Waltrip L, Shagalow S, Zeiger P, Sunderaraman P, Cosentino S. Education as a Moderator of Help Seeking Behavior in Subjective Cognitive Decline. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2023; 37:184-188. [PMID: 37561937 PMCID: PMC10530107 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Disparities in Alzheimer disease (AD) and differences in help seeking (HS) across sociodemographic groups warrant public health concern. Research addressing such disparities must shift toward the earliest clinical manifestations of AD to optimize diagnosis, intervention and care planning. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a risk state for AD, provides an important context in which to examine sociodemographic-related disparities in HS. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS One hundred sixty-seven cognitively healthy older adults (M age =73, M education =16) (26.4% Black, Asian, or "Other") completed SCD questionnaire, HS questions, and mood measures (depression and anxiety). Binary logistic adjusted regressions examined: (a) the association between SCD and HS; and (b) the extent to which education moderated the relationship between SCD and HS. SCD [b = 0.06, SE=0.13, P <0.001, odds ratio=1.06, 95% CI (1.03, 1.08)] and education [b=0.32, SE=0.09, P <0.001, odds ratio=1.37, 95% CI (1.15, 1.64)] were independently associated with HS, with significant interaction between education and SCD on HS [b=0.2, SE=0.01, P =0.01, odds ratio=1.02, 95% CI (1.00, 1.03)]. CONCLUSIONS Findings elucidate the importance of tailoring SCD-related psychoeducational resources depending on educational background as a preliminary stepping-stone in encouraging HS among older adults who may be at particular risk for developing dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Azar
- Psychology Department, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Silvia Chapman
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
| | - Jillian Joyce
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
| | - Maria Schultheis
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zoe Zhang
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leah Waltrip
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
| | - Shaina Shagalow
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
| | - Peter Zeiger
- Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, NY, NY, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Cosentino
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, NY, USA
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Kantor J. This Month in JAAD International: July 2023: Quality of life and itch. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 89:33. [PMID: 37169294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Kantor
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Global Health, and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Florida Center for Dermatology, St Augustine, Florida.
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Eltayib RAA, Al-Azri M, Chan MF. The Impact of Sociodemographic, Macroeconomic, and Health Status and Resources on Infant Mortality Rates in Oman: Evidence from 1980 to 2022. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:986-999. [PMID: 37366779 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13060075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The infant mortality rate (IMR) is an important reflection of the well-being of infants and the overall health of the population. This study aims to examine the macroeconomic (ME), sociodemographic (SD), and health status and resources (HSR) effects on IMR, as well as how they may interact with each other. METHODS A retrospective time-series study using yearly data for Oman from 1980 to 2022. Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to develop the exploratory model of the determinants of IMR. RESULTS The model indicates that HSR determinants directly, but negatively, affect IMR (β = -0.617, p < 0.001). SD directly and positively affects IMR (β = 0.447, p < 0.001). ME only indirectly affects IMR (β = -0.854, p < 0.001). ME determinants also exert some direct influences on both HSR (β = 0.722, p < 0.001) and SD (β = -0.916, p < 0.001) determinants. CONCLUSIONS This study has indicated that IMR is a multi-faceted issue. It also highlighted the interplay of numerous variables and their influence on IMR, particularly the role that social status, the health sector, and the wealth of the country and its population play in reducing IMR. These findings indicate that an integrated policy that addresses socioeconomic and health-related factors and the overall ME environment is necessary for the health and well-being of the children and the population overall in Oman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawaa Abubakr Abuelgassim Eltayib
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat P.O. Box 123, Oman
| | - Mohammed Al-Azri
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat P.O. Box 123, Oman
| | - Moon Fai Chan
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat P.O. Box 123, Oman
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Fernández-García O, Gil-Llario MD, Ballester-Arnal R. Construction of a Form for Users of the Child Welfare System Based on the Delphi Method. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1026. [PMID: 37371258 DOI: 10.3390/children10061026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Professionals in charge of designing individualized plans for children and adolescents in the child welfare system often lack the necessary information, either because it has not been systematically collected or because there are doubts about the reliability of the data obtained. The lack of consensual and validated instruments that gather the necessary information has led to the development of a rigorous and effective form, based on the Delphi methodology, aimed at obtaining an exhaustive knowledge of the characteristics of children and adolescents under the child welfare system. Once a consensus of different specialists approved the hetero-informed form, it was completed by 41 professionals working in residential care facilities for 307 children and adolescents. It consists of 66 items grouped into six dimensions: general information, school/work situation, child welfare system history, family visitation history, biological family information, and experiences of sexual abuse. During its construction and validation, a panel of experts analyzed its format and content during the different phases. Most of the items showed good performance, and professionals highlighted their ease of use and relevance. The method used ensured the content validity of this form. This instrument has proven to be a useful and effective tool for collecting sociodemographic information on children and adolescents in the child welfare system, which may improve their conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Fernández-García
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Gil-Llario
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Ballester-Arnal
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jaume I University, 12007 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
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Fong AJ, Llanos AAM, Ashrafi A, Zeinomar N, Chokshi S, Bandera EV, Devine KA, Hudson SV, Qin B, O’Malley D, Paddock LE, Stroup AM, Evens AM, Manne SL. Sociodemographic and Health Correlates of Multiple Health Behavior Adherence among Cancer Survivors: A Latent Class Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:2354. [PMID: 37242237 PMCID: PMC10223681 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to (a) assess current levels of adherence to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network's multiple health behavior guidelines and (b) identify characteristics of cancer survivors associated with different adherence levels. Cancer survivors (N = 661) were identified through the state registry and completed questionnaires. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify patterns of adherence. Associations between predictors with the latent classes were reported as risk ratios. LCA identified three classes: lower- (39.6%), moderate- (52.0%), and high-risk lifestyle (8.3%). Participants in the lower-risk lifestyle class had the highest probability of meeting most of the multiple health behavior guidelines compared to participants in the high-risk lifestyle class. Characteristics associated with membership in the moderate-risk lifestyle class included self-identifying as a race other than Asian/Asian American, being never married, having some college education, and having been diagnosed with later stage colorectal or lung cancer. Those in the high-risk lifestyle class were more likely to be male, never married, have a high school diploma or less, diagnosed with colorectal or lung cancer, and diagnosed with pulmonary comorbidities. Study findings can be used to inform development of future interventions to promote multiple health behavior adherence among higher risk cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela J. Fong
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Adana A. M. Llanos
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Adiba Ashrafi
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nur Zeinomar
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Section of Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Sagar Chokshi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Section of Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Katie A. Devine
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Shawna V. Hudson
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Bo Qin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Section of Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Denalee O’Malley
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Lisa E. Paddock
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Antoinette M. Stroup
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Andrew M. Evens
- Department of Medicine, Division of Blood Disorders, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Sharon L. Manne
- Section of Behavioral Sciences, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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Wimmer R, Audétat A, Binggeli J, Schuetz P, Kaegi-Braun N. Association of Sociodemographic, Socioeconomic and Lifestyle Characteristics with Low Protein and Energy Intake in the Healthy Swiss Population. Nutrients 2023; 15:2200. [PMID: 37432324 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A balanced diet has the goal of providing adequate amounts of different nutrients to promote and maintain physical and psychological health. Our aim was to study the association between different sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors and low energy or protein intake among the Swiss population. This is a cross-sectional cohort study based on the national nutritional survey "MenuCH", which is the first representative, detailed assessment of dietary habits in the adult Swiss population conducted in 2014/2015. We compared the mean protein and caloric intake based on two 24 h recall nutritional assessments with current recommendations based on resting metabolic rate calculation and DACH guidelines. A total of 1919 participants with a median age of 46 years and 53% females were included. Overall, 10.9% and 20.2% of participants had an energy and protein intake, respectively, below the dietary reference values. However, a high income (>9000 CHF per month) reduced the risk of low energy intake (OR 0.49 [0.26-0.94], p = 0.032), obesity (OR 6.55 [3.77-11.38], p < 0.01), and living in a household with children (OR 2.1 [1.15-3.85], p = 0.016) was associated with higher risk. Regarding low protein intake, the most important risk factors were an age group of 65-75 years (OR 2.94 [1.57-5.52], p = 0.001) and female gender (OR 1.73 [1.15-2.6], p = 0.008). Regular meat consumption reduced the risk of low protein intake (OR of 0.23 (0.1-0.53), p = 0.001). Within this survey, several socio-economic and lifestyle factors were associated with low energy and protein intake in the healthy Swiss population. A bunderstanding of these factors may help to reduce the risk of malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Wimmer
- Medical University Department, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kantonsspital Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Audétat
- Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Binggeli
- Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schuetz
- Medical University Department, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kantonsspital Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nina Kaegi-Braun
- Medical University Department, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kantonsspital Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
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d'Arqom A, Nasution MZ, Kadir SZSA, Yusof J, Govindaraju K. Practice and knowledge of dietary supplement consumption among Indonesian adults post-delta wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. F1000Res 2023; 12:3. [PMID: 37469719 PMCID: PMC10352623 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.129045.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Increasing dietary supplement (DS) consumption was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, including during the post-Delta wave period. This study aimed to measure the practice of DS consumption and respondents' knowledge of DS. Methods: An internet-based survey was distributed from October-December 2021 and obtained 541 valid and completed responses. Descriptive analysis was performed to present the practice of DS consumption, including frequency, duration, aim, preferable dosage form etc. Level of knowledge on DS principles, side effects and regulation were also measured. Inferential analyses were conducted to determine the predictors of the respondents' DS practice and level of knowledge. Results: Data from 541 valid responses showed that 77.63% of respondents consumed DS in the last 3 months, with only 59.52% reporting also consuming DS before the COVID-19 pandemic. One half of the respondents had good knowledge about DS; however, some knowledge regarding side effects and possible drug-supplement interaction needed improvement. Their DS consumption practice was affected by their economic status and history of contracting COVID-19. Nevertheless, the level of knowledge was not affected by the sociodemographic factors and DS supplement experience. Conclusions: Taken together, the practice of self-consumption of DS in Indonesia is increasing; hence, knowledge of DS is necessary to avoid detrimental effects that might occur in the future. Increasing access to information on better labelling and educating consumers about DS are important actions to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette d'Arqom
- Translational Medicine and Therapeutics Research Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60131, Indonesia
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60131, Indonesia
| | - Mhd Zamal Nasution
- Postgraduate School, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60286, Indonesia
| | | | - Junaidah Yusof
- School of Human Resource Development & Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
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Alyoubi R, Kobeisy SA, Basheikh M, Al-Sharief RA, Al-Hayani MM, Rayes YO, Alharthi A, Alyazidi AS, Alrayes N, Tayeb HO. The Association of Sociodemographic Factors, Postictal Symptoms, and Medical History With Seizure Type in Patients With Epilepsy: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e39763. [PMID: 37398836 PMCID: PMC10311941 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 50 million people globally suffer from epilepsy. The prevalence of epilepsy in Saudi Arabia has been reported at 6.5 per 1,000 persons, affecting nearly 1% of the entire population. However, limited data is available in the country regarding the sociodemographic factors affecting epilepsy and its associated postictal symptoms, which may lead to stigmatization and negatively impact patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in a survey format. Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine at King Abdulaziz University. The study population included patients with epilepsy who visited King Abdulaziz University Hospital's outpatient neurology clinics from October 2021 to March 2022. Results The study participants' average age at the time of the first seizure was 16.5 years, with patients experiencing seizures as early as within the first year of life and as late as 70 years of age. Patients who had had their first seizure during the first year of life did not have any schooling (p<0.0001) and had learning difficulties (p<0.00001). Focal onset impaired awareness seizures were significantly associated with motor weakness (p=0.023) and mood alterations (p=0.014), while postictal fear, anxiety or panic, and sleep disruption were statistically significant for focal onset aware seizures (p=0.015 and p=0.050). Conclusion This study highlights the sociodemographic differences between patients in Saudi Arabia and in other areas. It may also point to novel findings regarding the postictal symptoms associated with the various seizure types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Alyoubi
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Mazen Basheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | | | - Yousof O Rayes
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, SAU
| | - Atheer Alharthi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Anas S Alyazidi
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Nuha Alrayes
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Haythum O Tayeb
- Department of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
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Fernandez-Pineda M, McCabe BE, Cianelli R, Villegas N, Ferrer L, Peragallo Montano N. Assessment of miscarriage factors among Latinas who live in the U.S.: a cross-sectional study. Front Glob Womens Health 2023; 4:1127695. [PMID: 37181543 PMCID: PMC10169706 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2023.1127695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Latinas in the US are underrepresented in miscarriage research, yet face several risk factors for having a miscarriage, including intimate partner violence, and increasing maternal age. Increased acculturation is associated to increased risk of intimate partner violence and adverse pregnancy outcomes among Latinas yet is also understudied in the realm of miscarriage. Thus, this study aimed to analyze and compare sociodemographic characteristics, health-related factors, intimate partner violence, and acculturation among Latinas with and without a history of miscarriage. Methods This study utilizes a cross-sectional design to analyze baseline data from a randomized clinical trial on the effectiveness of "Salud/Health, Educación/Education, Promoción/Promotion, y/and Autocuidado/Self-care" (SEPA), a human immunodeficiency virus risk reduction intervention for Latinas. Survey interviews were conducted in a private room at the University of Miami Hospital. Survey data analyzed include demographics, a bi-dimensional acculturation scale, a health and sexual health survey, and the hurt, insult, threaten, and scream tool. This study's sample was 296 Latinas, 18 to 50 years old, with and without a history of miscarriage. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, t-tests for continuous variables, negative binomial for counts, and chi-square for dichotomous or categorical variables. Results Most Latinas were Cuban (53%), lived in the U.S. an average of 8.4 years, had 13.7 years of education, and a monthly family income of $1,683.56. Latinas with history of miscarriage were significantly older, had more children, more pregnancies, and poorer self-rated health than Latinas without history of miscarriage. Although not significant, a high percentage of intimate partner violence (40%) and low levels of acculturation were reported. Discussion This study contributes new data about different characteristics of Latinas who have and have not experienced a miscarriage. Results can help identify Latinas at risk for miscarriage or its adverse-related outcomes and help develop public health policies focusing on preventing and managing miscarriage among Latinas. Further research is warranted to determine the role of intimate partner violence, acculturation, and self-rated health perceptions among Latinas who experience miscarriage. Certified nurse midwives are encouraged to provide Latinas with culturally tailored education on the importance of early prenatal care for optimal pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Fernandez-Pineda
- Department of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Brian E. McCabe
- Department of Special Education, Rehabilitation, and Counseling (SERC), College of Education, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Rosina Cianelli
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
- Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Escuela de Enfermeria, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Villegas
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Lilian Ferrer
- Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Escuela de Enfermeria, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nilda Peragallo Montano
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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AlTamimi JZ, AlFaris NA, Alshwaiyat NM, Alkhalidy H, AlKehayez NM, Alsemari MA, Alagal RI. Prevalence of fast-food intake among a multi-ethnic population of middle-aged men and connection with sociodemographic factors and obesity. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33555. [PMID: 37058044 PMCID: PMC10101309 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adults are increasingly eating fast-food, which is connected to adverse health outcomes such as obesity and chronic diseases. This work was carried out to study the prevalence of fast-food intake among a multi-ethnic population of middle-aged men and its connection with sociodemographic factors and obesity. This cross-sectional study enrolled 1800 middle-aged men from Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used to assess participants fast-food intake frequency. Fast-food was consumed weekly by 87.8% of participants and daily by 45.6% of participants. The nationality of participants was determined as a predictor of fast-food intake. The highest and lowest prevalence of weekly fast-food intake was reported among Turkish (99.6%) and Sudanese (48.3%) participants. The highest and lowest daily intake rates were reported among participants from the Philippines (85.9%) and Bangladesh (10.0%). Another factor predicting fast-food intake was obesity. Obese participants had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of weekly (OR = 5.83, P <.001) and daily (OR = 1.93, P <.001) fast-food intake than non-overweight/nonobese participants. Fast-food intake was prevalent among middle-aged men who reside in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Results connect fast-food intake with nationality and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozaa Z. AlTamimi
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A. AlFaris
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseem M. Alshwaiyat
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nora M. AlKehayez
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak A. Alsemari
- Department of Medical Imaging – MRI, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAAUH), Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham I. Alagal
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Chew HSJ, Loong SSE, Lim SL, Tam WSW, Chew NWS, Chin YH, Chao AM, Dimitriadis GK, Gao Y, So BYJ, Shabbir A. Socio-Demographic, Behavioral and Psychological Factors Associated with High BMI among Adults in a Southeast Asian Multi-Ethnic Society: A Structural Equation Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081826. [PMID: 37111045 PMCID: PMC10144460 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
While various influencing factors of overweight and obesity have been identified, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We examined the relationships among sociodemographic, behavioral, and psychological factors on anthropometry in a multi-ethnic population with overweight and obesity. Participants (N = 251) were recruited from January to October 2022. Mean age and self-reported BMI were 31.7 ± 10.1 years and 29.2 ± 7.2 kg/m2. Participants were mostly female (52.4%) and overweight (58.2%). Multivariate multiple regression was performed using maximum likelihood estimation. Body mass index was associated with waist circumference, age, sex, race, marital status, education level, residential region, overeating habit, immediate thinking, self-regulation, and physical activity, but not anxiety, depression, or the intention to change eating habits. Final model indicated good fit: χ2 (30, N = 250) = 33.5, p = 0.32, CFI = 0.993, TLI = 0.988, RMSEA = 0.022, and SRMR = 0.041. Direct effects were found between BMI and overeating (β = 0.10, p = 0.004), race (β = -0.82, p < 0.001), marital status (β = -0.42, p = 0.001), and education level (β = -0.28, p = 0.019). Crisps (68.8%), cake (66.8%) and chocolate (65.6%) were identified as the most tempting foods. Immediate thinking indirectly increased overeating habits through poor self-regulation, although sociodemographic characteristics better predicted anthropometry than psycho-behavioral constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Shi Jocelyn Chew
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Shaun Seh Ern Loong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Su Lin Lim
- Dietetics Department, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Wai San Wilson Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Nicholas W S Chew
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Yip Han Chin
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Ariana M Chao
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4217, USA
| | - Georgios K Dimitriadis
- Department of Endocrinology ASO/EASO COM, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK
- Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Diabetes, Faculty of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Yujia Gao
- Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Bok Yan Jimmy So
- Division of General Surgery (Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery), Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Asim Shabbir
- Division of General Surgery (Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery), Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
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AlTamimi JZ, Alshwaiyat NM, Alkhalidy H, AlKehayez NM, Alagal RI, Alsaikan RA, Alsemari MA, BinMowyna MN, AlFaris NA. Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption in a Multi-Ethnic Population of Young Men and Association with Sociodemographic Characteristics and Obesity. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4861. [PMID: 36981770 PMCID: PMC10049135 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sugar-sweetened beverages are frequently consumed among adults and are linked with the incidence of obesity. We aimed to determine rates of weekly and daily sugar-sweetened beverage intake in a multi-ethnic population of young men and their association with sociodemographic characteristics and obesity. This cross-sectional study included 3600 young men who lived in Riyadh, KSA. Participants' sociodemographic characteristics and frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption were gathered through personal interviews. The outcome variables in this study are based on the weekly and daily consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. Weight and height were measured following standard protocols. The rates of weekly and daily sugar-sweetened beverage intake by participants were 93.6% and 40.8%, respectively. Nationality was a predictor of weekly and daily consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. The highest rates of weekly (99.5%) and daily (63.9%) consumption were observed in subjects from the Philippines and Yemen, respectively, while Bangladeshi subjects had the lowest rates of weekly (76.9%) and daily (6.9%) consumption. Obesity was another predictor of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption. Obese participants had a significantly higher odds ratio of weekly sugar-sweetened beverage consumption than non-obese subjects (OR = 4.53, p = 0.037). In conclusion, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was relatively high and our results support an association between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and certain sociodemographic variables and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozaa Z. AlTamimi
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (J.Z.A.); (N.M.A.)
| | - Naseem M. Alshwaiyat
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gong Badak Campus, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| | - Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Nora M. AlKehayez
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (J.Z.A.); (N.M.A.)
| | - Reham I. Alagal
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (R.I.A.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Reem A. Alsaikan
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (R.I.A.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Malak A. Alsemari
- Department of Medical Imaging—MRI, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAAUH), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mona N. BinMowyna
- College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nora A. AlFaris
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (J.Z.A.); (N.M.A.)
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GONZALES TOMASI, WESTGATE KATE, HOLLIDGE STEFANIE, LINDSAY TIM, WIJNDAELE KATRIEN, FOROUHI NITAG, GRIFFIN SIMON, WAREHAM NICK, BRAGE SOREN. Descriptive Epidemiology of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in UK Adults: The Fenland Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:507-516. [PMID: 36730941 PMCID: PMC9924962 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is rarely measured in population studies. Most studies of CRF do not examine differences by population subgroups or seasonal trends. We examined how estimated CRF levels vary by anthropometric, sociodemographic, and behavioral characteristics in a population-based cohort of UK adults (the Fenland Study). METHODS We used a validated submaximal exercise test to obtain CRF estimates (CRF estimated ) in 5976 women and 5316 men, residing in the East of England. CRF estimated was defined as estimated maximal oxygen consumption per kilogram total body mass (V̇O 2 max tbm ) and fat-free mass (V̇O 2 max ffm ). Descriptive statistics were computed across anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics, and across the year. Progressive multivariable analyses were performed to examine associations with physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS Mean ± SD V̇O 2 max tbm was lower in women (35.2 ± 7.5 mL·min -1 ·kg -1 ) than men (41.7 ± 7.3 mL·min -1 ·kg -1 ) but V̇O 2 max ffm was similar (women: 59.2 ± 11.6 mL·min -1 ·kg -1 ; men: 62.0 ± 10.3 mL·min -1 ·kg -1 ). CRF estimated was inversely associated with age but not after adjustment for PAEE. People in more physically demanding jobs were fitter compared with those in sedentary jobs, but this association was attenuated in women and reversed in men after adjustment for total PAEE. Physical activity energy expenditure and BMI were positively associated with CRF estimated at all levels of adjustment when expressed relative to fat-free mass. CRF estimated was 4% higher in summer than in winter among women, but did not differ by season among men. CONCLUSIONS CRF estimated was inversely associated with age but less steeply than anticipated, suggesting older generations are comparatively fitter than younger generations. Physical activity energy expenditure and BMI were stronger determinants of the variance in CRF estimated than other characteristic including age. This emphasizes the importance of modifiable physical activity behaviors in public health interventions.
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Baruwa OJ, Amoateng YA. Socio-demographic correlates and trends in the timing of the onset of parenthood among women of reproductive age in Ghana: evidence from three waves of the demographic and health surveys. F1000Res 2023; 12:157. [PMID: 37533481 PMCID: PMC10390794 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130349.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childbearing is one of the central events in a woman's life and the age at which this event occurs has important health, socioeconomic and fertility implications for her. Methods: We used three waves of the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS) from the individual files of married women aged 15 to 49 years old to explore the trends in the timing of the onset of parenthood among women in Ghana. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the effect of socio-demographic factors on the birth experience of women. Results: Results showed the median age of the women increases from 17 years in 1998 to 19 years in 2014. Further, results showed that women with secondary education had 0.67, 0.89- and 0.77-times lower hazard risk of early birth than women without any formal education in 1988, 1998, and 2014 respectively. The hazard risk of early childbirth consistently decreased as age increased in all the years of surveys except in the case of the age group 40-44 in 1988, 1998 and 2014. Conclusions: This study showed that the timing of first childbirth is changing in the direction of a late childbirth regime in Ghana and could facilitate improvement on individual health, job stability and higher level of education. Efforts should be channeled to sensitizing women on the importance of delaying childbearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ololade Julius Baruwa
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
- Population and Health Research Entity, Faculty of Humanities, North-West University, Mafikeng, North West Province, 2735, South Africa
| | - Yaw Acheampong Amoateng
- Population and Health Research Entity, Faculty of Humanities, North-West University, Mafikeng, North West Province, 2735, South Africa
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Tran M, Miner A, Merkel C, Sakurai K, Woon J, Ayala J, Nguyen J, Lopez J, Votava-Smith JK, Tran NN. Sociodemographic Profile Associated with Congenital Heart Disease among Infants Less than 1 Year Old. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2548938. [PMID: 36798365 PMCID: PMC9934769 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2548938/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects thousands of newborns each year in the United States (US). Infants born with CHD have an increased risk of adverse health outcomes compared to healthy infants. These outcomes include, but are not limited to, neurodevelopmental, surgical, and mortality-related outcomes. Previous US-based research has explored how sociodemographic factors may impact these health outcomes in infants with CHD; however, their impact on the risk of CHD is unclear. This study aims to explore the sociodemographic profile related to CHD to help address health disparities that arise from race and social determinants of health. Defining the sociodemographic factors associated with CHD will encourage policy change and the implementation of preventative measures. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of longitudinally collected data. We compared infants with CHD and healthy controls. We used a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic data. Pearson's chi-square test/Fisher's exact tests analyzed the associations among different sociodemographic factors between infants with CHD and healthy controls. Results We obtained sociodemographic factors from 30 healthy control infants and 39 infants with CHD. We found a statistically significant difference in maternal education between our 2 groups of infants (p=0.004). Conclusion Maternal education is associated with CHD. Future studies are needed to further characterize sociodemographic factors that may predict and impact the risk of CHD and to determine possible interventions that may help decrease health disparities regarding the risk of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Tran
- University of Southern California/Children's Hospital of Los Angeles
| | - Anna Miner
- University of Southern California/Children's Hospital of Los Angeles
| | - Carlin Merkel
- University of Southern California/Children's Hospital of Los Angeles
| | - Kenton Sakurai
- University of Southern California/Children's Hospital of Los Angeles
| | - Jessica Woon
- University of Southern California/Children's Hospital of Los Angeles
| | | | - Jennifer Nguyen
- University of Southern California/Children's Hospital of Los Angeles
| | | | | | - Nhu N Tran
- University of Southern California/Children's Hospital of Los Angeles
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Humer E, Keil T, Stupp C, Schlee W, Wildner M, Heuschmann P, Winter M, Probst T, Pryss R. Associations of Country-Specific and Sociodemographic Factors With Self-Reported COVID-19-Related Symptoms: Multivariable Analysis of Data From the CoronaCheck Mobile Health Platform. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e40958. [PMID: 36515987 PMCID: PMC9901499 DOI: 10.2196/40958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 symptom-monitoring apps provide direct feedback to users about the suspected risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 and advice on how to proceed to prevent the spread of the virus. We have developed the CoronaCheck mobile health (mHealth) platform, the first free app that provides easy access to valid information about the risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 in English and German. Previous studies have suggested that the clinical characteristics of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 vary by age, gender, and viral variant; however, potential differences between countries have not been adequately studied. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of the users of the CoronaCheck mHealth platform and to determine country-specific and sociodemographic associations of COVID-19-related symptoms and previous contacts with individuals infected with COVID-19. METHODS Between April 8, 2020, and February 3, 2022, data on sociodemographic characteristics, symptoms, and reports of previous close contacts with individuals infected with COVID-19 were collected from CoronaCheck users in different countries. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine whether self-reports of COVID-19-related symptoms and recent contact with a person infected with COVID-19 differed between countries (Germany, India, South Africa), gender identities, age groups, education, and calendar year. RESULTS Most app users (N=23,179) were from Germany (n=8116, 35.0%), India (n=6622, 28.6%), and South Africa (n=3705, 16.0%). Most data were collected in 2020 (n=19,723, 85.1%). In addition, 64% (n=14,842) of the users were male, 52.1% (n=12,077) were ≥30 years old, and 38.6% (n=8953) had an education level of more than 11 years of schooling. Headache, muscle pain, fever, loss of smell, loss of taste, and previous contacts with individuals infected with COVID-19 were reported more frequently by users in India (adjusted odds ratios [aORs] 1.3-8.3, 95% CI 1.2-9.2) and South Africa (aORs 1.1-2.6, 95% CI 1.0-3.0) than those in Germany. Cough, general weakness, sore throat, and shortness of breath were more frequently reported in India (aORs 1.3-2.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.9) compared to Germany. Gender-diverse users reported symptoms and contacts with confirmed COVID-19 cases more often compared to male users. CONCLUSIONS Patterns of self-reported COVID-19-related symptoms and awareness of a previous contact with individuals infected with COVID-19 seemed to differ between India, South Africa, and Germany, as well as by gender identity in these countries. Viral symptom-collecting apps, such as the CoronaCheck mHealth platform, may be promising tools for pandemics to support appropriate assessments. Future mHealth research on country-specific differences during a pandemic should aim to recruit representative samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Humer
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Thomas Keil
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- State Institute of Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin Stupp
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- State Institute of Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Winfried Schlee
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Wildner
- State Institute of Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Erlangen, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Heuschmann
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinical Trial Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Winter
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Probst
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Rüdiger Pryss
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Davis VH, Rodger L, Pinto AD. Collection and Use of Social Determinants of Health Data in Inpatient General Internal Medicine Wards: A Scoping Review. J Gen Intern Med 2023; 38:480-489. [PMID: 36471193 PMCID: PMC9905340 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-022-07937-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing interest in incorporating social determinants of health (SDoH) data collection in inpatient hospital settings to inform patient care. However, there is limited information on this data collection and its use in inpatient general internal medicine (GIM). This scoping review sought to describe the current state of the literature on SDoH data collection and its application to patient care in inpatient GIM settings. METHODS English-language searches on MedLine, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane, and PsycINFO were conducted from 2000 to April 2021. Studies reporting systematic data collection or use of at least three SDoH, sociodemographic, or social needs variables in inpatient hospital GIM settings were included. Four independent reviewers screened abstracts, and two reviewers screened full-text articles. RESULTS A total of 8190 articles underwent abstract screening and eight were included. A range of SDoH tools were used, such as THRIVE, PRAPARE, WHO-Quality of Life, Measuring Health Equity, and a biopsychosocial framework. The most common SDoH were food security or malnutrition (n=7), followed by housing, transportation, employment, education, income, functional status and disability, and social support (n=5 each). Four of the eight studies applied the data to inform patient care, and three provided community resource referrals. DISCUSSION There is limited evidence to guide the collection and use of SDoH data in inpatient GIM settings. This review highlights the need for integrated care, the role of the electronic health record, and social history taking, all of which may benefit from more robust SDoH data collection. Future research should examine the feasibility and acceptability of SDoH integration in inpatient GIM settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria H Davis
- Upstream Lab, MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Laura Rodger
- Upstream Lab, MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew D Pinto
- Upstream Lab, MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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50
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Basch C, Ferguson JM, Van Campen J, Slightam C, Jacobs JC, Heyworth L, Zulman D. Overcoming Access Barriers for Veterans: Cohort Study of the Distribution and Use of Veterans Affairs' Video-Enabled Tablets Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e42563. [PMID: 36630650 PMCID: PMC9912147 DOI: 10.2196/42563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, as health care services shifted to video- and phone-based modalities for patient and provider safety, the Veterans Affairs (VA) Office of Connected Care widely expanded its video-enabled tablet program to bridge digital divides for veterans with limited video care access. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize veterans who received and used US Department of VA-issued video-enabled tablets before versus during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We compared sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of veterans who received VA-issued tablets during 6-month prepandemic and pandemic periods (ie, from March 11, 2019, to September 10, 2019, and from March 11, 2020, to September 10, 2020). Then, we examined characteristics associated with video visit use for primary and mental health care within 6 months after tablet shipment, stratifying models by timing of tablet receipt. RESULTS There was a nearly 6-fold increase in the number of veterans who received tablets in the pandemic versus prepandemic study periods (n=36,107 vs n=6784, respectively). Compared to the prepandemic period, tablet recipients during the pandemic were more likely to be older (mean age 64 vs 59 years), urban-dwelling (24,504/36,107, 67.9% vs 3766/6784, 55.5%), and have a history of housing instability (8633/36,107, 23.9% vs 1022/6784, 15.1%). Pandemic recipients were more likely to use video care (21,090/36,107, 58.4% vs 2995/6784, 44.2%) and did so more frequently (5.6 vs 2.3 average encounters) within 6 months of tablet receipt. In adjusted models, pandemic and prepandemic video care users were significantly more likely to be younger, stably housed, and have a mental health condition than nonusers. CONCLUSIONS Although the COVID-19 pandemic led to increased distribution of VA-issued tablets to veterans with complex clinical and social needs, tablet recipients who were older or unstably housed remained less likely to have a video visit. The VA's tablet distribution program expanded access to video-enabled devices, but interventions are needed to bridge disparities in video visit use among device recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacqueline M Ferguson
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, United States.,Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - James Van Campen
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Cindie Slightam
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Josephine C Jacobs
- Health Economics Resource Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Leonie Heyworth
- Department of Veterans Affairs Central Office, Office of Connected Care/Telehealth Services, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Donna Zulman
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, United States.,Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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