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Zhou X, Li J, Jiang X. Effects of different types of exercise intensity on improving health-related physical fitness in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14301. [PMID: 38906965 PMCID: PMC11192957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64830-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A substantial body of empirical evidence reveals that physical activity is associated with a wide range of positive physical and mental health outcomes. However, an absence of comprehensive syntheses is observed concerning the varying effects of different exercise intensities on the improvement of physical health among children and adolescents. The aim of this review is to systematically investigate the effects of different exercise intensities on the physical fitness of children and adolescents, to analyses the optimal exercise intensities for improving physical fitness, and to provide a relevant theoretical basis for optimizing school physical education curricula. A systematic search strategy was used in this study in four online databases (PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO and Web of Science). Intervention studies that met the inclusion criteria underwent a thorough screening process, and their methodological quality was assessed utilizing the PEDro scale. The selected literature was systematically analyzed and evaluated through induction, summary, analysis, and evaluation. These findings indicate that high-intensity exercise training exerts significant positive effects on body composition, cardiopulmonary function and muscle fitness in children and adolescents. Therefore, we suggest that schools should focus on high-intensity sports in their physical education curriculum, which can further improve the student's PHYSICAL FITNESS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Zhou
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Jiang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China.
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Chen L, Liu Q, Xu F, Wang F, Luo S, An X, Chen J, Tang N, Jiang X, Liang X. Effect of physical activity on anxiety, depression and obesity index in children and adolescents with obesity: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:275-285. [PMID: 38490590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
FOR FULL-LENGTH ARTICLES This study systematically identified the effects of physical activity (PA) on depression, anxiety and weight-related outcomes among children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched from January 1, 2000 to August 1, 2022 for peer-reviewed papers. Meta-analyses were conducted to ascertain the effect of physical activity on symptoms of anxiety, depression and weight-related outcomes in overweight/obese children and adolescents. Twenty-five studies representing 2188 participants, with median age 12.08 years old (8.3 to 18.44 years) were included. Depressive and anxiety symptoms, BMI, BMI z-scores, weight, waist circumference and height were evaluated. After incorporating the effects of PA interventions on children and adolescents with overweight/obesity, PA could improve depressive and anxiety symptoms, but not obesity indexes except waist circumference. While, PA combined with other interventions have a significant effect both on anxiety symptoms and BMI compared to pure PA intervention. In terms of intervention duration, we observed that durations falling within the range of 8 to 24 weeks exhibited the most positive effects on reducing depressive symptoms. FOR SHORT COMMUNICATIONS We included 25 articles on the effects of physical activity on psychological states such as depression and anxiety, weight, BMI and other weight-related indicators in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. We attempted to determine the most appropriate type of physical activity intervention for children and adolescents with overweight/obesity, as well as the most appropriate population characteristics and duration by combining the outcome data from each article. This has a great enlightening effect for health workers to carry out corresponding strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Chen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China; Nursing Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fenglin Xu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fengming Wang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shunqing Luo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xizhou An
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinyu Chen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ni Tang
- Nephrology Department, the people's hospital of kaizhou district, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoping Jiang
- Nursing Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xiaohua Liang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Ren Y, Chu J, Zhang Z, Luo B. Research on the effect of different aerobic activity on physical fitness and executive function in primary school students. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7956. [PMID: 38575618 PMCID: PMC10995128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of 16 weeks of different aerobic activity on physical fitness and executive functions in primary school students. 90 right-handed students from China (Boys = 46; Girls = 44) participated in our study and were randomly separated into four groups: 20 in the control group (Con), 23 in the physical activity group (PA), 25 in the intellectual activity group (IA), 22 in the physical activity and intellectual activity group (PA + IA). The students in PA, IA and PA + IA group received aerobic exercise program lasted 40 min daily, 4 days a week for 16 weeks, regular physical activity in the PA group, intellectual activity in the IA group, physical activity couple with intellectual activity in the PA + IA group, respectively. All the students participate the experiment for body composition, physical fitness (cardiopulmonary fitness, muscle strength, speed sensitivity, flexibility quality), executive functions and saliva analysis test before and after 16 weeks. There was no significant effect of 16 weeks different aerobic exercise interventions on body composition before and after exercise interventions among four groups in children (p > 0.05). The results were obtained by inter-group and intra-group comparisons that different exercise interventions (physical activity, intellectual activity, physical combine with intellectual activity), all can significantly improve physical fitness parameters (cardiopulmonary fitness, muscle strength, speed sensitivity and flexibility quality), and executive functions parameters (inhibitory control, working memory, reaction time cognitive flexibility), as well as the concentration of saliva GH and IGF-I (p < 0.05) in children. Our experiment further demonstrated that the improvement effect of the two exercises together is more significant than that of the single exercise ways. Both physical and intellectual activity can effectively improve physical fitness and executive function in children, and the improvement effect of the two exercises together is more significant than that of the single exercise ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ren
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Chu
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- College of Art and Design, Zhengzhou University of Economics and Business, Zhengzhou, 451100, China
| | - Bingquan Luo
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Li J, Zhou X, Huang Z, Shao T. Effect of exercise intervention on depression in children and adolescents: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2023:S0165-0327(23)01209-0. [PMID: 37832731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of different exercise interventions on depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCT) published until May 2023 were screened in four databases. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias for quality evaluation. Stata 16.0 software was used for both a pairwise meta-analysis and a series of frequentist network meta-analyses (NMA). RESULTS A total of 35 RCTs and 5393 participants were included. Aerobic exercise had the most significant effect on depressive symptoms (66.2 %), followed by group training (62.5 %), resistance exercise (59.0 %), and aerobic combined with resistance exercise (57.9 %). Furthermore, children and adolescents younger than 15 years showed significant improvement in depressive symptoms (SMD = -0.41, 95 % CI (-0.63, -0.19), P < 0.01). The study also found a significant improvement in depression among healthy, obesity, and depressed populations (SMD = -0.25, 95 % CI (-0.41, -0.08), P < 0.01); SMD = -0.15, 95 % CI (-0.31, -0.00), P < 0.01; SMD = -0.75, 95 % CI (-1.32, -0.19), P < 0.01). Additionally, 30 min of exercise had a significant effect (SMD = -0.14, 95 % CI (-0,81, -0.01), P < 0.01), and 40-50 min of exercise had the best effect (SMD = -0.17, 95 % CI (-0,33, -0.02), P < 0.01). Lastly, exercise frequency of three times per week was significant in children and adolescents (SMD = -0.42, 95 % CI (-0,66, -0.18), P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Exercise significantly improves depressive symptoms in children and adolescents, with aerobic exercise having the most significant effect. A 12-week, three-times-a-week, 40-50-min exercise intervention was found to be more effective in younger children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Xianxian Zhou
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Zan Huang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
| | - Tianyi Shao
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, China.
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Li J, Zhou X, Huang Z, Shao T. Effect of exercise intervention on depression in children and adolescents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1918. [PMID: 37794338 PMCID: PMC10552327 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16824-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of different exercise interventions on depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCT) published until May 2023 were screened in four databases. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias for quality evaluation. Stata 16.0 software was used for both a pairwise meta-analysis and a series of frequentist network meta-analyses (NMA). RESULTS A total of 35 RCTs and 5393 participants were included. Aerobic exercise had the most significant effect on depressive symptoms (66.2%), followed by group training (62.5%), resistance exercise (59.0%), and aerobic combined with resistance exercise (57.9%). Furthermore, children and adolescents younger than 15 years showed significant improvement in depressive symptoms (SMD=-0.41, 95% CI (-0.63, -0.19), P < 0.01). The study also found a significant improvement in depression among healthy, obesity, and depressed populations (SMD=-0.25, 95% CI (-0.41, -0.08), P < 0.01); SMD=-0.15, 95% CI (-0.31, -0.00), P < 0.01; SMD=-0.75, 95% CI (-1.32, -0.19), P < 0.01). Additionally, 30 min of exercise had a significant effect (SMD=-0.14, 95% CI (-0,81, -0.01), P < 0.01), and 40-50 min of exercise had the best effect (SMD=-0.17, 95% CI (-0,33, -0.02), P < 0.01). Lastly, exercise frequency of three times per week was significant in children and adolescents (SMD=-0.42, 95% CI (-0,66, -0.18), P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Exercise significantly improves depressive symptoms in children and adolescents, with aerobic exercise having the most significant effect. A 12-week, three-times-a-week, 40-50-minute exercise intervention was found to be more effective in younger children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianxian Zhou
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zan Huang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianyi Shao
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China.
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Ambrosio L, Mazzuca G, Maguolo A, Russo F, Cannata F, Vadalà G, Maffeis C, Papalia R, Denaro V. The burden of low back pain in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity: from pathophysiology to prevention and treatment strategies. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2023; 15:1759720X231188831. [PMID: 37694186 PMCID: PMC10492481 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x231188831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonspecific low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common causes of disability, affecting all individuals at least once in their lifetime. Such a condition is also becoming increasingly frequent in the pediatric population, especially in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. Furthermore, new-onset LBP during adolescence has been demonstrated to be a strong predictor of developing LBP later in life, contributing to poorer outcomes and increasing social and medical costs. Several causes and different mechanisms have been considered for the development of LBP in pediatric individuals affected by obesity. For this reason, planning adequate prevention and treatment strategies, mainly through conservative lifestyle changes, would be crucial to anticipate the negative consequences of persisting LBP in adulthood. The aim of this narrative review was to characterize the relationship between LBP and overweight/obesity in the pediatric population, highlighting epidemiological and pathophysiological aspects. In addition, prevention and treatment approaches will be reviewed considering the need to reduce the burden of LBP on this population. According to our search, LBP was more frequent in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity and has been associated with several anthropometric and lifestyle factors, including lumbar hyperlordosis, sedentary habits, physical inactivity, carrying a heavy schoolbag, low vitamin D levels, psychosocial ill-being, and premature intervertebral disc degeneration. Most of these conditions may be addressed with conservative strategies mainly consisting of dietary adjustments, physical exercise, education programs, and physical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ambrosio
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Mazzuca
- Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alice Maguolo
- Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Russo
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Cannata
- Operative Research Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Vadalà
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, Rome, 00128, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rocco Papalia
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Denaro
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
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Li J, Jiang X, Huang Z, Shao T. Exercise intervention and improvement of negative emotions in children: a meta-analysis. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:411. [PMID: 37608261 PMCID: PMC10464442 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04247-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety, depression, and stress are the most common mental health problems in childhood. Exercise interventions in childhood help to promote mental health. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between exercise interventions and improvement of negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, and stress in children (5-12 years). METHODS Articles were searched in five electronic databases from their inception to January 2023. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0. RESULTS Twenty-three intervention studies included 6830 children. 1) The exercise intervention group was significantly better than the control group in improving negative emotions (Standard Mean Difference SMD=-0.25, 95% Confidence Intervals CI: -0.34 to -0.15, P < 0.01). Exercise intervention improved different kinds of negative emotions: anxiety (SMD=-0.19, 95% CI: -0.33 to -0.06, P < 0.01), depression (SMD=-0.22, 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.01, P < 0.01), and stress (SMD=-0.33, 95% CI: -0.53 to -0.14, P < 0.01); it was most effective at relieving problematic stress. Exercise interventions lasting 20-45 min were most effective in improving children's negative emotions (SMD=-0.38, 95% CI: -0.56 to -0.20, P < 0.01). An exercise intervention period of 10 weeks was more effective in improving children's negative mood (SMD=-0.26, 95% CI: -0.34 to -0.17, P = 0.274). CONCLUSION Exercise interventions may improve negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, and stress in children. These findings may have clinical implications for children with negative affect. However, these studies showed a large heterogeneity, and the results should be interpreted with caution. Future studies should report the variability of exercise interventions by gender, age group, and type, intensity, and place of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 321004, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Jiang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 321004, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zan Huang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 321004, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianyi Shao
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 321004, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
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Calcaterra V, Vandoni M, Marin L, Carnevale Pellino V, Rossi V, Gatti A, Patanè P, Cavallo C, Re F, Albanese I, Silvestri D, De Nunzio A, Zuccotti G. Exergames to Limit Weight Gain and to Fight Sedentarism in Children and Adolescents with Obesity. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:928. [PMID: 37371160 DOI: 10.3390/children10060928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Exergames are defined as digital games that require bodily movements to play, stimulating an active gaming experience to function as a form of physical activity (PA). The players interact with the game through whole-body movements improving energy expenditure. Exergames may be effective in improving physical and psychological aspects of children and adolescents with obesity. In this narrative review, we synthesized the current evidence regarding the role of exergames in modifying body composition and weight and in promoting changes in sedentary behavior to define the benefits of active video games as useful tools for fighting sedentarism and to outline the future directions of exergaming as a supplementation exercise rather than a replacement in educational programs for pediatric obesity. Data from the literature indicate that exergames may offer an interesting impact on childhood obesity and may be considered a potential strategy for controlling weight gain and body composition, promote PA, and decrease time spent on sedentary behavior in children and adolescents with obesity. However, exergame use also has some limits, such as children's poor self-regulation and poor structuring of exergame use. Therefore, a prudent approach should be maintained, and additional high-quality research is needed to determine if exergames can be effectively used in the treatment of childhood obesity and if new digital media, as a supplementation of exercise rather than a replacement, could be considered to combat sedentary behavior in educational programs for pediatric obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Vandoni
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Marin
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Laboratory for Rehabilitation, Medicine and Sport (LARMS), 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Carnevale Pellino
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gatti
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Pamela Patanè
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory for Rehabilitation, Medicine and Sport (LARMS), 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Cavallo
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Research and Development, LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, Avenue du Parc des Sports, 50, 4671 Differdange, Luxembourg
| | - Fabio Re
- Laboratory for Rehabilitation, Medicine and Sport (LARMS), 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Albanese
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Laboratory for Rehabilitation, Medicine and Sport (LARMS), 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Silvestri
- Department of Research, ASOMI College of Sciences, 2080 Marsa, Malta
| | - Alessandro De Nunzio
- Department of Research and Development, LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, Avenue du Parc des Sports, 50, 4671 Differdange, Luxembourg
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Recchia F, Bernal JDK, Fong DY, Wong SHS, Chung PK, Chan DKC, Capio CM, Yu CCW, Wong SWS, Sit CHP, Chen YJ, Thompson WR, Siu PM. Physical Activity Interventions to Alleviate Depressive Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2023; 177:132-140. [PMID: 36595284 PMCID: PMC9857695 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.5090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Importance Depression is the second most prevalent mental disorder among children and adolescents, yet only a small proportion seek or receive disorder-specific treatment. Physical activity interventions hold promise as an alternative or adjunctive approach to clinical treatment for depression. Objective To determine the association of physical activity interventions with depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. Data Sources PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and SPORTDiscus were searched from inception to February 2022 for relevant studies written in English, Chinese, or Italian. Study Selection Two independent researchers selected studies that assessed the effects of physical activity interventions on depressive symptoms in children and adolescents compared with a control condition. Data Extraction and Synthesis A random-effects meta-analysis using Hedges g was performed. Heterogeneity, risk of bias, and publication bias were assessed independently by multiple reviewers. Meta-regressions and sensitivity analyses were conducted to substantiate the overall results. The study followed the PRISMA reporting guideline. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was depressive symptoms as measured by validated depression scales at postintervention and follow-up. Results Twenty-one studies involving 2441 participants (1148 [47.0%] boys; 1293 [53.0%] girls; mean [SD] age, 14 [3] years) were included. Meta-analysis of the postintervention differences revealed that physical activity interventions were associated with a reduction in depressive symptoms compared with the control condition (g = -0.29; 95% CI, -0.47 to -0.10; P = .004). Analysis of the follow-up outcomes in 4 studies revealed no differences between the physical activity and control groups (g = -0.39; 95% CI, -1.01 to 0.24; P = .14). Moderate study heterogeneity was detected (Q = 53.92; df = 20; P < .001; I2 = 62.9% [95% CI, 40.7%-76.8%]). The primary moderator analysis accounting for total physical activity volume, study design, participant health status, and allocation and/or assessment concealment did not moderate the main treatment effect. Secondary analyses demonstrated that intervention (ie, <12 weeks in duration, 3 times per week, unsupervised) and participant characteristics (ie, aged ≥13 years, with a mental illness and/or depression diagnosis) may influence the overall treatment effect. Conclusions and Relevance Physical activity interventions may be used to reduce depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. Greater reductions in depressive symptoms were derived from participants older than 13 years and with a mental illness and/or depression diagnosis. The association with physical activity parameters such as frequency, duration, and supervision of the sessions remains unclear and needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Recchia
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joshua D. K. Bernal
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Y. Fong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephen H. S. Wong
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pak-Kwong Chung
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Derwin K. C. Chan
- Department of Early Childhood Education, Faculty of Education and Human Development, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Catherine M. Capio
- Department of Early Childhood Education, Faculty of Education and Human Development, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Clare C. W. Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sam W. S. Wong
- Physical Fitness Association of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cindy H. P. Sit
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ya-Jun Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Walter R. Thompson
- College of Education and Human Development, Georgia State University, Atlanta
| | - Parco M. Siu
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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10
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Coronel-Santos MA, Rodríguez-Macías JC. Integral definition and conceptual model of mental health: Proposal from a systematic review of different paradigms. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2022; 7:978804. [PMID: 36505761 PMCID: PMC9732731 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2022.978804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Global society presents a mental health scenario characterized by the prevalence of mental disorders and the limited existence of formal care services. Faced with such a context, it is necessary to review what is understood and done in favor of mental health. This implies, in the first instance, analyzing the concept of mental health from a comprehensive approach that takes into account different perspectives from the social and natural sciences, related factors, and care options. Therefore, the present work aimed to propose an integral definition and a conceptual model of mental health based on the Systematic Literature Review, with the PRISMA approach, of the theoretical frameworks of 52 articles related to mental health published up to February 2022. A qualitative approach was used, with a Grounded Theory design, which allowed comparing different paradigms and identifying gaps in conceptual notions to build an explanatory model of mental health. The results showed three dominant paradigms that circumscribe the concept of mental health. Mental health is understood as the absence of illness, positive mental health, and a state of equilibrium. In addition, the need to propose a definition that integrates these dominant paradigms was mainly identified, and that would allow a broader understanding of the state of equilibrium as the basic process through which the individual must pass in the search for personal recovery. From the comparative analysis of the categories designated according to the Grounded Theory approach, an explanatory model was proposed to define mental health as the internal process of self-care, centered on the self-awareness and self-regulation of the human being, in which the person seeks to balance their feelings, thoughts, and behaviors, intrapersonal and interpersonal ones, to approach an optimal state of wellbeing and absence of mental disorders according to universal values and symptoms, and biological, social, psychological, and environmental factors.
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11
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Godina-Flores NL, Gutierrez-Gómez YY, García-Botello M, López-Cruz L, Moreno-García CF, Aceves-Martins M. Obesity and its association with mental health among Mexican children and adolescents: systematic review. Nutr Rev 2022; 81:658-669. [PMID: 36164834 PMCID: PMC10170326 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity and mental health issues increasingly affect children and adolescents, but whether obesity is a risk factor for mental health issues is unclear. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the association between obesity and mental health issues (ie, anxiety and/or depression) among Mexican children and adolescents. DATA SOURCING, EXTRACTION, AND SYNTHESIS A literature search of 13 databases and 1 search engine was conducted. Population, exposure, comparison, outcomes, and study design data were extracted, analyzed, and narratively synthesized. The JBI critical appraisal tool was used to evaluate evidence quality. RESULTS A total of 16 studies with 12 103 participants between 8 and 18 years old were included. Four studies focused on anxiety outcomes, 10 on depression, and 2 on both (ie, anxiety and depression). Evidence is unclear about the association of obesity with anxiety. However, most evidence shows that Mexican children and adolescents with overweight or obesity are more likely to have depression or report a higher number of depressive symptoms than normal-weight participants. Such likelihood is greater for females. CONCLUSION Health promotion interventions to treat or prevent obesity could also consider mental health outcomes. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42019154132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naara L Godina-Flores
- Nutrition Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Lizet López-Cruz
- Universidad Europea del Atlantico, Parque Científico y Tecnologico de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
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12
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Wang H, Yang Y, You Q, Wang Y, Wang R. Impacts of Physical Exercise and Media Use on the Physical and Mental Health of People with Obesity: Based on the CGSS 2017 Survey. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091740. [PMID: 36141352 PMCID: PMC9498912 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a common chronic disease in many countries around the world. People with obesity, as a minority, deserve more social attention. Currently, there are few studies on the health level of people with obesity from the perspective of social influencing factors. This study examines the effects of the frequency of physical exercise and frequency of use of different media types on the level of physical and mental health in people with obesity. In addition, we explore the mediating effect of physical exercise frequency on the relationship between online media use frequency and the mental health of people with obesity. The participants are 882 patients with obesity from the 2017 China General Social Survey (CGSS). The results show that: (1) Online media use was a possible positive predictor of physical health improvement among people with obesity. (2) Physical exercise was a possible positive predictor of mental health improvement among people with obesity. (3) Physical exercise played an entirely mediating role between online media use and mental health. The study is conducive to understanding the relationship and mediating mechanism between physical exercise, media use, and physical and mental health in people with obesity. The results of this study can provide suggestions for improving the health and well-being of people with obesity. Future research could explore more aspects of physical activity (e.g., the methods for physical exercise) and media use (e.g., media preference or compulsive use). More variables can be included in the study of influencing factors of the physical and mental health of people with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingqing You
- School of Journalism and Communication, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ruyue Wang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Correspondence:
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13
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Cuda SE, Kharofa R, Williams DR, O'Hara V, Conroy R, Karjoo S, Paisley J, Censani M, Browne NT. Metabolic, behavioral health, and disordered eating comorbidities associated with obesity in pediatric patients: An Obesity Medical Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement 2022. OBESITY PILLARS (ONLINE) 2022; 3:100031. [PMID: 37990723 PMCID: PMC10662000 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) details metabolic, behavioral health, and disordered eating comorbidities associated with obesity in children. This CPS will be followed by a companion CPS covering further comorbidities, including genetics and social consequences related to overweight and obesity. These CPSs are intended to provide clinicians with an overview of clinical practices applicable to children and adolescents with body mass indices greater than or equal to the 95th percentile for their ages, particularly those with adverse consequences resulting from increased body mass. The information in this CPS is based on scientific evidence, supported by the medical literature, and derived from the clinical experiences of members of the OMA. Methods The scientific information and clinical guidance in this CPS is based upon referenced evidence and derived from the clinical perspectives of the authors. Results This OMA statement details metabolic, behavioral health, and disordered eating comorbidities associated with obesity in children. It provides clinical information regarding identifying and treating metabolic, behavioral health, and disordered eating comorbidities associated with obesity in children over the 95th percentile of weight/height for age. Conclusions This OMA clinical practice statement details metabolic, behavioral health, and disordered eating comorbidities associated with obesity in children and provides an overview of current recommendations. These recommendations lay out a roadmap to the improvement of the health of children and adolescents with obesity, especially those with metabolic, physiological, and psychological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne E. Cuda
- Alamo City Healthy Kids and Families, 1919 Oakwell Farms Parkway, Ste 145, San Antonio, TX, 78218, USA
| | - Roohi Kharofa
- Center for Better Health & Nutrition, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Dominique R. Williams
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine Center for Healthy Weight and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive LA, Suite 5F, Columbus, OH, 43215, USA
| | - Valerie O'Hara
- WOW 4 Wellness Clinic/ PCHC, 6 Telcom Drive, Bangor, ME, 04401, USA
| | - Rushika Conroy
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Baystate Children's Hospital Subspecialty Center, 50 Wason Avenue, Springfield, MA, 01107, USA
| | - Sara Karjoo
- Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Pediatric Gastroenterology, 501 6th Ave S St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA
| | - Jennifer Paisley
- St Elizabeth Physician's Group Primary Care, 98 Elm Street, Lawrenceburg, IN, 47025-2048, USA
| | - Marisa Censani
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Box 103, New York, NY, 10021, USA
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14
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Effects of an Online Supervised Exercise Training in Children with Obesity during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159421. [PMID: 35954777 PMCID: PMC9368250 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 restrictions have dramatically reduced the active lifestyle and physical activity (PA) levels in the whole population, a situation that can contribute to weight gain and to develop obesity. To improve physical fitness (PF) in children with obesity during COVID-19 restrictions, sport specialists started to deliver physical training through tele-exercise. For these reasons, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 12-week online supervised training program in children with obesity on different PF components and PA levels. We enrolled a total of 40 Caucasian children (9 F/31 M; aged 11 ± 1.9 years) with obesity. The data collection consisted of a series of anthropometric measures, the PAQ-C questionnaire, and PF tests, valid and reliable tools to assess PF in children. We used a Wilcoxon’s t-test and a Student’s t-test, as appropriate, to assess the differences before and after the training protocol. A total of 37 patients completed the training protocol and were considered in the analysis. Our results show an improvement in all the PF tests, a reduction in the BMI z-score, the waist circumference, and in the waist-to-height ratio, and an increased PA level. In conclusion, the results of our study show that an online supervised training program is effective to promote PA, improving PF and reducing the BMI z-score in children with obesity.
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15
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Huo T, Li Q, Cardel MI, Bussing R, Winterstein AG, Lemas DJ, Xu H, Woodard J, Mistry K, Scholle S, Muller KE, Shenkman EA. Enhancing Quality Measurement With Clinical Information: A Use Case of Body Mass Index Change Among Children Taking Second Generation Antipsychotics. Acad Pediatr 2022; 22:S140-S149. [PMID: 35339240 PMCID: PMC9092621 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to examine the extent to which body mass index (BMI) was available in electronic health records for Florida Medicaid recipients aged 5 to 18 years taking Second-Generation Antipsychotics (SGAP). We also sought to illustrate how clinical data can be used to identify children most at-risk for SGAP-induced weight gain, which cannot be done using process-focused measures. METHODS Electronic health record (EHR) data and Medicaid claims were linked from 2013 to 2019. We quantified sociodemographic differences between children with and without pre- and post-BMI values. We developed a linear regression model of post-BMI to examine pre-post changes in BMI among 4 groups: 1) BH/SGAP+ children had behavioral health conditions and were taking SGAP; 2) BH/SGAP- children had behavioral health conditions without taking SGAP; 3) children with asthma; and 4) healthy children. RESULTS Of 363,360 EHR-Medicaid linked children, 18,726 were BH/SGAP+. Roughly 4% of linked children and 8% of BH/SGAP+ children had both pre and post values of BMI required to assess quality of SGAP monitoring. The percentage varied with gender and race-ethnicity. The R2 for the regression model with all predictors was 0.865. Pre-post change in BMI differed significantly (P < .0001) among the groups, with more BMI gain among those taking SGAP, particularly those with higher baseline BMI. CONCLUSION Meeting the 2030 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services goal of digital monitoring of quality of care will require continuing expansion of clinical encounter data capture to provide the data needed for digital quality monitoring. Using linked EHR and claims data allows identifying children at higher risk for SGAP-induced weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyao Huo
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida (T Huo, Q Li, MI Cardel, DJ Lemas, H Xu, J Woodard, KE Muller, and EA Shenkman), Gainesville, Fla.
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida (T Huo, Q Li, MI Cardel, DJ Lemas, H Xu, J Woodard, KE Muller, and EA Shenkman), Gainesville, Fla
| | - Michelle I Cardel
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida (T Huo, Q Li, MI Cardel, DJ Lemas, H Xu, J Woodard, KE Muller, and EA Shenkman), Gainesville, Fla; WW International, Inc (MI Cardel), New York, NY
| | - Regina Bussing
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Florida (R Bussing), Gainesville, Fla
| | - Almut G Winterstein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida (AG Winterstein), Gainesville, Fla
| | - Dominick J Lemas
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida (T Huo, Q Li, MI Cardel, DJ Lemas, H Xu, J Woodard, KE Muller, and EA Shenkman), Gainesville, Fla
| | - Hongzhi Xu
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida (T Huo, Q Li, MI Cardel, DJ Lemas, H Xu, J Woodard, KE Muller, and EA Shenkman), Gainesville, Fla
| | - Jennifer Woodard
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida (T Huo, Q Li, MI Cardel, DJ Lemas, H Xu, J Woodard, KE Muller, and EA Shenkman), Gainesville, Fla
| | - Kamila Mistry
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (K Mistry), Rockville, Md
| | - Sarah Scholle
- National Committee for Quality Assurance (S Scholle), Washington, DC
| | - Keith E Muller
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida (T Huo, Q Li, MI Cardel, DJ Lemas, H Xu, J Woodard, KE Muller, and EA Shenkman), Gainesville, Fla
| | - Elizabeth A Shenkman
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida (T Huo, Q Li, MI Cardel, DJ Lemas, H Xu, J Woodard, KE Muller, and EA Shenkman), Gainesville, Fla
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16
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Aceves-Martins M, López-Cruz L, García-Botello M, Gutierrez-Gómez YY, Moreno-García CF. Interventions to Treat Obesity in Mexican Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:544-560. [PMID: 34339511 PMCID: PMC8829677 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Prevalence of overweight and obesity has been rising in the past 3 decades among Mexican children and adolescents. Objective To systematically review experimental studies evaluating interventions to treat obesity in Mexican children and adolescents (≤18 years old). Data Sources For this study, 13 databases and 1 search engine were searched. Data Analysis A total of 29 studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, 2302 participants (age range, 8–16 years) from 11 states in Mexico were included. Most of the studies (n = 17 of 29) were provided in a clinical setting. A random-effect meta-analysis of 4 randomized controlled trials was conducted and a significant effect was found on body mass index reduction that favored the intervention group (−1.52; 95%CI, −2.15 to −0.89) for short-term (≤6 mo) interventions. Conclusions A multicomponent, multidisciplinary, and individualized intervention that includes dietary modifications, physical activity practice, behavioral strategies, and active parental involvement might help treat childhood obesity in Mexico. However, long-term results need to be produced to identify effectiveness pointers that might help establish an integrated, long-lasting care model to treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lizet López-Cruz
- Universidad Europea del Atlantico, Parque Científico y Tecnologico de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
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Alon D, Sousa CV, Lu AS. What Type of Body Shape Moves Children? An Experimental Exploration of the Impact of Narrative Cartoon Character Body Shape on Children's Narrative Engagement, Wishful Identification, and Exercise Motivation. Front Psychol 2021; 12:653626. [PMID: 34322057 PMCID: PMC8312721 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.653626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incorporation of narratives helps to enhance children’s engagement in active video games (AVGs), thus increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Specific narrative elements, such as the visual representation of the characters’ body shape, have been rarely manipulated to explore their role in modulating children’s narrative engagement (NE) and exercise motivation. Objective To investigate the effects of character body shape manipulation (overweight/obese, average, or athletic slim) on children’s narrative immersion (NI), NE, wishful identification (WI), as well as their mediating effect on AVG and PA motivation. Methods Children ages 8–12 years old (N = 87) were randomly assigned to watch a 15-min animated video (designed for an existing AVG) in which the main characters had an overweight/obese, or average∗, or athletic slim body shape (all other elements were identical). Children’s NI, NE, WI, and AVG and physical activity (PA) motivation were then assessed. Results Controlling for social desirability, the analysis indicated that participants with a BMI of greater than the 75th percentile had a significantly higher NI, NE, WI, and PA motivation when video characters were set to the overweight/obese condition, than they did for video characters set to the average or athletic slim conditions. On the other hand, children of equal or less than the 75th percentile exposed to the average character body condition had a greater NE, WI, and PA motivation than overweight/obese or athletic slim conditions. A mediation analysis with structural equation modeling indicated that NE mediated the effect between character body shape and AVG and PA motivation. Conclusion Narrative cartoon characters that mirror the target participant’s body shape can increase NE, which in turn mediates AVG and PA motivation. Content producers should identify optimal strategies in character body shape design to encourage children of different weight status to participate in PA with engaging stories to maximize health narratives’ persuasive potentials. ∗The term average in this sense is not in reference to the national average body weight, but rather an average of the body weights represented in conditions A and C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dar Alon
- Health Technology Lab, College of Arts, Media and Design, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Caio Victor Sousa
- Health Technology Lab, College of Arts, Media and Design, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amy Shirong Lu
- Health Technology Lab, College of Arts, Media and Design, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
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