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Trevisan C, De Vincentis A, Noale M, Maggi S, Antonelli Incalzi R, Pedone C, Prinelli F, Giacomelli A, Fortunato L, Molinaro S, Cori L, Adorni F. Sleep disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from the second phase of web-based EPICOVID19 study. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3369. [PMID: 38214684 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has induced significant impairments, including sleep disturbances. The present study aimed to explore the impact of fear in relation to stress on sleep disorders among Italian adults and older participants in the second phase of the EPICOVID19 web-based survey (January-February 2021). Sleep disturbances during the pandemic were evaluated using the Jenkins Sleep Scale, perceived stress through the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale and fear of contagion and about economic and job situation with four ad hoc items. The strength of the pathways between stress, sleep disturbances and fear was explored using structural equation modelling, hypothesising that stress was related to sleep disturbances and that fear was associated with both stress and sleep problems. Out of 41,473 participants (74.7% women; mean age 49.7 ± 13.1 years), 8.1% reported sleep disturbances and were more frequently women, employed in a work category at risk of infection or unemployed, and showed higher deprivation scores. Considering an a priori hypotheses model defining sleep and stress scores as endogenous variables and fear as an exogenous variable, we found that fear was associated with sleep problems and stress, and stress was associated with sleep problems; almost half of the total impact of fear on sleep quality was mediated by stress. The impact of stress on sleep quality was more evident in the younger age group, among individuals with a lower socioeconomic status and healthcare workers. Fear related to COVID-19 seem to be associated with sleep disturbances directly and indirectly through stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Trevisan
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio De Vincentis
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome and Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Noale
- Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, National Research Council (CNR), Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Maggi
- Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, National Research Council (CNR), Padova, Italy
| | - Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome and Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pedone
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome and Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Prinelli
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Giacomelli
- III Infectious Diseases Unit, Luigi Sacco Hospital, ASST-Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milano, Italy
| | - Loredana Fortunato
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Epidemiology and Health Research Laboratory, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Molinaro
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Epidemiology and Health Research Laboratory, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Liliana Cori
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Fulvio Adorni
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Milano, Italy
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Suazo Galdames I, Molero Jurado MDM, Fernández Martínez E, Pérez-Fuentes MDC, Gázquez Linares JJ. Resilience, Burnout and Mental Health in Nurses: A Latent Mediation Model. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2769. [PMID: 38792311 PMCID: PMC11121760 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The burnout syndrome in nurses has been related to the development of mental health problems. On the contrary, resilience is related to adequately coping with stressful situations and better mental health. The objective was to analyze the relationship between resilience and mental health problems in nurses and estimate the proportion mediated by burnout in the association. Methods: In 2021, a total of 1165 Spanish nurses were selected through a stratified random sampling method. Participants anonymously filled in the Resilience Scale (RS-14), the Maslach Burnout Inventory Survey, and the General Health Questionnaire. To test the hypothesis proposed and explain the mediating effect of burnout empirically, structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied. A latent mediation model was computed. Results: Resilience was negatively related to burnout and mental health problems. The direct relationship between burnout and the latent health variable was positive. In addition, in view of the total effect of resilience on mental health problems and the magnitude of the indirect effect, we stated that the proportion of this effect mediated by burnout ranged from 0.486 to 0.870. Conclusions: This study reveals that fostering resilience in nurses directly and indirectly reduces burnout and improves their mental health. The implementation of resilience programs and supportive institutional policies is recommended to improve working conditions and the quality of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Suazo Galdames
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile;
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Foster F, Kanderzhanova A, Umbetkulova S, Stolyarova V, Sarria-Santamera A, Cobb-Zygadlo D. "Who Else If Not Us": An Exploratory-Descriptive Qualitative Study of Kazakhstani Frontline Professionals' Experience and Perceptions During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:507-516. [PMID: 38061388 DOI: 10.1177/10497323231216363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about the experiences of frontline professionals in Kazakhstan. Although studies of frontline workers have been conducted worldwide, it is imperative that caution should be exercised when extrapolating findings from disparate societies and generalizing them to Central Asian countries. As such, the purpose of this study was to explore and describe the firsthand experiences, perceptions, and knowledge gained from the experience of Kazakh frontline physicians and nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. An exploratory-descriptive qualitative (EDQ) study was conducted over the course of a year in COVID-19 hospitals in Kazakhstan, with physicians (n = 23) and nurses (n = 7). Each participant was interviewed three times between May 2021 and May 2022. Braun and Clarke's six-step method was used for the thematic analysis. Three overarching themes and subthemes were identified: (1) Longitudinal Journey ("Nobody knew, nobody understood, nobody was ready"; "It's just life"); (2) Facets of Professionalism ("In my lifetime this is something unique"; "Who else if not us"; "We survived the war and the enemy"); and (3) Facets of Resilience ("God's providence"; "A good word heals too"). In light of the lack of research that has previously been conducted in Kazakhstan, the results of this study offer important new insight into the experiences of medical professionals during the COVID-19 epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faye Foster
- Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan
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Martín J, Padierna Á, Villanueva A, Quintana JM. Caring for patients in the Covid era: Are the quality of life the same for doctors and nursing staff? Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 49:126-132. [PMID: 38734448 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Covid-19 pandemic has represented one of the most stressful events of recent times and has placed enormous psychological pressure on doctors and nurses. AIMS The objective of this work is to evaluate the psychological impact of the Covid-19 outbreak on Spanish nurses and doctors, and to identify factors related to their mental health. METHODS The study is a descriptive study and examined 812 doctors and 768 nurses. The dependent variables were health-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, perceived stress and insomnia. Participants completed the Health-related Quality of Life-Questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item-Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Impact Event Scale-Revised, and the Insomnia Severity Index. Sociodemographic and Covid-related data were also recorded. Descriptive statistics, univariable analysis and multivariable linear regression models were used. RESULTS A greater proportion of nurses than doctors suffered clinical anxiety, depression and insomnia (56.84 % vs 45.81 p-value<0.0001, 64.67 % vs 53.39 p-value<0.0001, and 23.04 % vs 18.02 p-value 0.01, respectively). Although in our study nurses were more likely to suffer clinical anxiety, stress and insomnia than doctors, our results nevertheless showed that there were no differences in terms of quality of life. Different factors related to mental health were identified for doctors and nurses. Nurses working in care homes or geriatric services (OR = 4.13, IC95% 1.71-9.99, p-value 0.002), and in services with greatest contact with Covid-19 patients (OR = 1.71,IC95% 1.10-2.68, p-value 0.02) were more likely to suffer depression. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms that doctors and nurses are at high risk of clinical anxiety, depression, stress or insomnia during the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josune Martín
- Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Research Unit, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Biosistemak Institute for Health Systems Research, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain; Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Prevention and Health Promotion- RICAPPS, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Ángel Padierna
- Department of Psychiatry, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ane Villanueva
- Research Unit, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Biosistemak Institute for Health Systems Research, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain; Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Prevention and Health Promotion- RICAPPS, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - José M Quintana
- Research Unit, Galdakao-Usansolo Hospital, Barrio Labeaga s/n, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain; Biosistemak Institute for Health Systems Research, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain; Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Prevention and Health Promotion- RICAPPS, Galdakao 48960, Bizkaia, Spain
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Molnár L, Zana Á, Stauder A. Stress and burnout in the context of workplace psychosocial factors among mental health professionals during the later waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1354612. [PMID: 38600983 PMCID: PMC11004466 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1354612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background While literature is abundant on the negative mental health impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, few studies focus on the Central and Eastern European region. Objectives We examined stress, burnout, and sleeping troubles among mental health professionals in the context of psychosocial risk factors related to participation in COVID care during the fourth and fifth waves. Materials and methods Mental health professionals (N=268) completed an online cross-sectional survey in Hungary, between November 2021 and April 2022. Of the respondents, 58.2% directly participated in COVID care. The main data collection instrument was the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II), including 20 subscales on work-related psychosocial factors and 3 outcome scales (stress, burnout, and sleeping troubles). We added a question on competence transgression, and items on sociodemographic and professional background. Results Participation in COVID care was associated with higher work pace (59.08 versus 49.78), more role conflicts (55.21 versus 45.93), lower scores on the influence at work (38.18 versus 51.79), predictability (44.71 versus 57.03), reward (55.82 versus 65.03), role clarity (70.19 versus 75.37), social support from supervisor (59.24 versus 65.55), job satisfaction (54.36 versus 62.84), trust regarding management (55.89 versus 67.86), justice and respect (44.51 versus 54.35) scales. Among those involved in COVID care, only the stress score was higher (47.96 vs. 42.35) in the total sample; however, among psychiatrists, both stress (52.16 vs. 38.60) and burnout scores (58.30 vs. 47.06) were higher. Stepwise multiple regression revealed that work-family conflict, emotional demands and workplace commitment were independent predictors of higher stress and burnout scores; furthermore, competence transgression had a significant effect on stress, and being a psychiatric specialist had a significant effect on burnout. These models explained 40.5% of the variance for stress and 39.8% for burnout. Conclusion During the fourth and fifth waves, although COVID care was more well-organized, psychiatrists, as specialist physicians responsible for the quality of the care, were still experiencing challenges regarding their competence and influence at work, which may explain their increased levels of stress and burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Molnár
- Doctoral School of Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Zana
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adrienne Stauder
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
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Zhou L, Huang X, He L, He J, Qin J, Fang Z, Huang C, Chen J. Mental health survey of medical personnel during pre-job training in a closed-loop management system during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1279153. [PMID: 38026289 PMCID: PMC10663214 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1279153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Object With the aim of enhancing prevention and regional control of epidemics, the mental health status of medical personnel was analyzed before the implementation of closed-loop management during the COVID-19 pandemic in the regional hospital representative. Methods In accordance with directives from the unified deployment of the national and regional health bureaus, and following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, from September 2021 to November 2022, all medical personnel assigned to a closed-loop working environment by Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital were enrolled as research subjects through cluster sampling method. Using a cross-sectional survey method, relevant data such as age, gender, professional title, and mental health status were collected. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale, and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scale were administered. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the influencing factors of depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Single factor logistic regression analysis was performed first, followed by multiple factor logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 500 valid responses were received. Depression was reported by a higher proportion of physicians than nurses. Anxiety was reported by higher proportion of men than women and by a higher proportion of physicians than nurses. Medical personnel under the age of 30 years reported fewer symptoms of insomnia than those over the age of 41 years, and medical personnel with intermediate professional titles reported more severe symptoms of insomnia than junior personnel. There was no significant difference between the results of the three questionnaires for medical personnel from other hospital departments or in the different type of closed-loop work environments. Conclusion During the pandemic, conducting psychological health assessments for medical personnel undergoing pre-job training in closed-loop management was beneficial for the timely detection of psychological problems. Although this study only conducted a cluster sampling survey and lacked comparative analysis on other medical institutions, it still suggested that it was necessary to strengthen timely psychological counseling and intervention for senior male physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chen Huang
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Chen
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Martín-Del-Campo F, Ramírez-Pineda JL, Ávila-Cornejo RM, Gutiérrez-Casillas SB, Sánchez-Soriano A, Cueto Manzano AM. Moderate physical activity is associated with lower depression, anxiety and stress in health-care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychosom Res 2023; 174:111488. [PMID: 37690331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Health-care workers are in high risk for COVID-19 and may experience associated mental health disturbances. Although physical activity (PA) has positive effects on mental disturbances, it has not been fully investigated in health-team during COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we analyzed depression, anxiety and stress in health-care workers, and their relationship with PA before and during a COVID-19 peak. METHODS Retrospective cohort study. PA (IPAQ short-form) evaluated and associated with depression, anxiety and stress (DAAS-21) at the beginning of COVID-19 first wave in Mexico (April 2020) in 1146 workers of a tertiary-care hospital, and in a subsequent occasion at the first wave peak (July-August/2020) in 311 workers (from the first ones). Data collected from routine surveillance. RESULTS Depression increased 9%, anxiety 15%, and stress 10% at the pandemic peak. Subjects with higher frequency of baseline moderate PA showed lower severity of depression, anxiety and stress at the peak (p < 0.05). At the pandemic peak, female sex (OR = 2.42, 95%CI 1.14-5.13), diabetes (OR = 21.9, 95%CI 2.09-221) and baseline depression (OR = 8.86, 95%CI 4.30-18.2) predicted depression; baseline anxiety (OR = 5.52, 95%CI 3.01-10.1), working in COVID-19 area (OR = 4.14, 95%CI 1.99-8.64), and baseline moderate PA (OR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.16-0.73) predicted anxiety; and baseline stress (OR = 8.64, 95%CI 4.11-18.2), and moderate PA (OR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.15-0.82) predicted stress. CONCLUSION Depression, stress, and particularly anxiety, increased in health-care workers from the beginning to the COVID-19 pandemic peak, and were predicted by the presence of the corresponding baseline mental alterations, and in the case of anxiety and stress, by the lower frequency of moderate PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Martín-Del-Campo
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jorge L Ramírez-Pineda
- Servicios de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud para Trabajadores IMSS, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Rosa M Ávila-Cornejo
- Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sophia B Gutiérrez-Casillas
- Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Artemio Sánchez-Soriano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Alfonso M Cueto Manzano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Wan H, Li H, Luan S, Zhang C. Risk factors of developing psychological problems among frontline healthcare professionals working in the COVID-19 pandemic era: a meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1991. [PMID: 37828476 PMCID: PMC10571421 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16820-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study sought to evaluate the risk factors behind developing psychological problems as per specific mental health assessment instruments. This study focuses specifically on frontline healthcare professionals of the COVID-19 pandemic era, and evaluated the psychological assessment of frontline healthcare professionals. METHODS Studies reporting on the psychological assessment of frontline healthcare professionals were retrieved from the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library databases. The recommended method was used to assess the risk of bias of the included studies. The random-effects method was applied when significant heterogeneity was observed. RESULTS The combined results from the 20 included articles indicated that frontline healthcare professionals had a higher risk of developing anxiety in comparison with non-frontline healthcare workers, with similar levels of depression scoring were observed. Healthcare providers aged > 40 years had a lower probability of developing anxiety and seemed to experience minimal depression. Conversely, frontline workers had a higher incidence of anxiety than that of depression. Being single (not in a relationship) could influence the PHQ-9 scores instead of those concerning the GAD-7. The gender gap was not proven to be significantly wide between healthcare professionals with or without anxiety; however, being male was proven to be positively correlated with depression. CONCLUSION In general, the risk factors for susceptibility to psychological problems among frontline healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic concerned those of a lower age, being single, being male, and being engage in frontline healthcare work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongquan Wan
- Department of Mental Health, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Road, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Road, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shuxin Luan
- Department of Mental Health, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Road, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Chunguo Zhang
- Department of Pain Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Road, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Sialakis C, Sialaki PA, Frantzana A, Iliadis C, Ouzounakis P, Kourkouta L. Prevalence of anxiety and depression of health care workers during COVID-19 - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Med Pharm Rep 2023; 96:246-253. [PMID: 37577023 PMCID: PMC10419692 DOI: 10.15386/mpr-2579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic, the workload of healthcare workers managing the disease, increased significantly. The objective of this review is to determine the anxiety and depression prevalence among healthcare workers during the pandemic period. Methods We searched systematically the literature in five electronic databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and Cochrane COVID-19 study register. The last online research was performed in May 2022. We included only cross-sectional studies and performed a meta-analysis of pooled prevalence. Publication bias was assessed with a funnel plot and Egger's and Begg's tests. A random effect was applied and heterogenicity I2 was calculated. Quality assessment of included studies was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Results In this review, we included 14 cross-sectional studies comprising 7780 healthcare workers. Participants were from the whole spectrum of healthcare workers. The pooled prevalence of depression was 33.8% (95% CI: 24.6 - 43.6), heterogenicity I2: 98.69%. The pooled prevalence of anxiety was 41.3% (95% CI: 30.2 - 52.9), heterogenicity I2: 99.01%. Conclusion One-third of healthcare workers suffered from depression, and more than one-third suffered from anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Increased measures of surveillance of mental health should have been taken, as well as the support of healthcare workers running a high risk of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Sialakis
- General Hospital “Agios Dimitrios-G. Gennimatas”, Thessaloninki, Greece
| | | | - Aikaterini Frantzana
- School of Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- George Papanikolaou General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Labrini Kourkouta
- Nursing Department, International University of Greece, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Kim I, Kim HR. Factors Associated with Job Stress and Their Effects on Mental Health among Nurses in COVID-19 Wards in Four Hospitals in Korea. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11101500. [PMID: 37239786 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased workload during the COVID-19 pandemic has threatened nurses' mental health. This study aimed to identify factors associated with job stress in COVID-19 nurses compared to other nurses. Nurses were recruited from four hospitals in Republic of Korea in November 2020. The general sociodemographic questionnaire, job stress, anxiety (GAD-7), and depression (PHQ-9) were used to conduct an online survey. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with job stress. A total of 290 participants were analyzed: 122 in the dedicated ward and 168 in the nondedicated ward nurse groups. Job stress, anxiety, and depression were higher in nurses dedicated to COVID-19 (4.19 ± 0.59, 5.98 ± 3.92, and 6.97 ± 4.47, respectively) than in the nondedicated group (3.92 ± 0.72 (p = 0.001), 4.98 ± 4.20 (p = 0.042), and 5.92 ± 4.36 (p = 0.047), respectively). Among COVID-19 nurses, job stress levels were higher in 30-39 year olds than in 20-29 year olds (3.71 ± 0.43 vs. 4.04 ± 0.54, p = 0.006) and in non-smokers compared with smokers (3.85 ± 0.49 vs. 3.38 ± 0.53, p = 0.24). Anxiety (β = 0.34, standard error (SE) = 0.01, p < 0.001) and clinical experience of 5-10 years (β = 0.23, SE = 0.10, p = 0.004) were associated with job stress. These findings can be applied when devising response strategies for infectious diseases and developing psychological and organizational intervention programs for alleviating job stress in nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insu Kim
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Ran Kim
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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Deng Y, Xie L, Wang L, Chen Y. Psychoanalysis of COVID-19 Patient Narratives: A Descriptive Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:712. [PMID: 37109670 PMCID: PMC10145710 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: COVID-19 patients are a psychologically vulnerable patient group who suffer from both physical symptoms and psychological problems. The present study is a psychoanalytic investigation of COVID-19 patients utilizing Lacan's desire theory. We aimed to explore the manner in which patients' desire is presented in their lived experience narratives and sought to discover factors which directly impacted on this process. Materials and Methods: In-depth semi-structural interviews were conducted with 36 COVID-19 patients in China. During each interview, participants narrated their lived experiences of COVID-19 infection. Emotions, metaphors, and behaviors in patient narratives were collated as the main points for psychoanalysis. Results: Our findings demonstrated that the desire for being a healthy person made patients emotionally sensitive to the social environment. Anxiety and obsessive behaviors emerged in the process, which reveals their desire for that which they lack. Furthermore, public fear with respect to COVID-19 was somehow converted to psychological pressure on COVID-19 patients. Thus, these patients attempted to "de-identify" their identity as "patients". Positive responses of COVID-19 patients to the external world included admiring medical personnel, government, and country, while negative responses included interpersonal conflicts or complaints about discrimination. Following the rules of the Other, COVID-19 patients were influenced by the Other's desire in constructing their own image of a healthy person. Conclusions: This study revealed COVID-19 patients' psychological need to rid themselves of the identity of "patient" at the individual and social level. Our findings have clinical implications in helping COVID-19 patients to reshape their identity and to live a normal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- College of Language Intelligence, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China;
| | - Luxue Xie
- School of English Studies, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
| | - Li Wang
- Science and Education Department, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Department of Infection Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing 400036, China
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Tokumasu K, Nishimura Y, Sakamoto Y, Obika M, Kataoka H, Otsuka F. Differences in Stress Perception of Medical Students Depending on In-Person Communication and Online Communication during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Japanese Cross-Sectional Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1579. [PMID: 36674333 PMCID: PMC9865011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive psychological stress in medical students affects their mental health and causes problems such as burnout and depression. Furthermore, changes in the learning environment to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic have had a psychological effect on medical students. However, the relationships between medical students' perceived stress and different methods of communication, including in-person and online communication, remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in stress perception of medical students depending on in-person communication and online communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional study conducted from September to October in 2020. All of the students of Okayama University School of Medicine were asked to participate in a questionnaire survey. The explanatory variables were the frequency and length of communications with others (by in-person or online communication), empathy, and lifestyle. The main outcome measure was perceived stress. Subgroup analysis was conducted for students who preferred to be by themselves and students who preferred to study together and interact with other people. Univariate analysis and multivariate multiple regression analysis were conducted. Gender and grade, which have been shown to be associated with stress in previous studies, were used as covariates for multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Valid responses to the questionnaire survey were received from 211 (29.4%) of the 717 students. There was no significant association between perceived stress and online communication, but the number of people with which students had in-person communication (1-2 people compared to 0 as a control, regression coefficient [B] = -4.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]; -7.8, -1.1, more than 10 people, B = -12, 95% CI: -18, -5.8) and the length of communication (more than 120 min, B = -4.5, 95% CI: -8.1, -0.92) were associated with a reduction in perceived stress. In subgroup analysis, the number of people with in-person communication and the length of communication had significant associations with stress reduction even in the group of students who had a preference for being by themselves. CONCLUSION In-person communications rather than online communications were associated with a lower level of perceived stress. In subgroup analysis, this trend was statistically significant in the group of students who had a preference for being by themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Tokumasu
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshito Nishimura
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Yoko Sakamoto
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mikako Obika
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kataoka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
- Center for Diversity and Inclusion, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Fumio Otsuka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Lenger M, Maget A, Dalkner N, Lang JN, Fellendorf FT, Ratzenhofer M, Schönthaler E, Fleischmann E, Birner A, Bengesser SA, Queissner R, Platzer M, Tmava-Berisha A, Trojak RM, Reininghaus EZ. Feeling Informed and Safe Are Important Factors in the Psychosomatic Health of Frontline Workers in the Health Sector during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Austria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1533. [PMID: 36674287 PMCID: PMC9862596 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The global spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has created new challenges for the entire healthcare system, and those who work directly with the patients or even on the front lines with COVID-19 patients have been particularly stressed. Only a few studies are currently available investigating psychosomatic symptoms among healthcare workers, particularly frontline workers, over the entire pandemic period (2020-2022). There is also a lack of knowledge about strategies to prevent stress during and after a health crisis. METHODS An online survey was conducted at three times (April 2020, winter 2020/2021, and winter 2021/2022) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria. The sample included 160 healthcare workers at screening time 1, 1.361 healthcare workers at screening time 2, and 1.134 healthcare workers at screening time 3. The survey included COVID-19 work-related fears, satisfaction with the frontline work, and standardized inventories to assess psychosomatic symptoms, such as the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-D). RESULTS Psychosomatic symptoms were more common among women compared to men, and among frontline workers compared to non-frontline workers, especially during the course of the pandemic at t2 and t3. Self-reported scores of COVID-19 work-related fears were significantly associated with psychosomatic symptoms. Furthermore, in frontline workers, there was a significant association between the feeling of being safe and well-informed and psychosomatic symptoms. CONCLUSION COVID-19 work-related fears and psychosomatic symptoms have been prevalent among healthcare workers throughout the pandemic. Feeling safe and informed appears to be essential to prevent psychosomatic symptoms, leading to a recommendation for employers in the healthcare sector to focus on communication and information. As frontline workers are especially prone to psychosomatic symptoms, more stress prevention programs for them will be essential to maintain productivity and reduce sick days and fluctuations in the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Maget
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
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Rantanen N, Lieslehto J, Oksanen LMA, Oksanen SA, Anttila VJ, Lehtonen L, Geneid A, Sanmark E. Mental well-being of healthcare workers in 2 hospital districts during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Finland: a cross-sectional study. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2022; 35:707-718. [PMID: 36226940 PMCID: PMC10464805 DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unseen pressure on healthcare systems in many countries, jeopardizing the mental well-being of healthcare workers. The authors aimed to assess the mental well-being of Finnish healthcare workers from 2 hospital districts (Helsinki University Hospital [HUS] and Social and Health Services in Kymenlaakso [Kymsote]) with differing COVID-19 incidence rates during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total number of 996 healthcare workers (HUS N = 862, Kymsote N = 134) participated in this prospectively conducted survey study during summer 2020. Symptom criteria of self-reported mental health symptoms followed ICD-10 classification, excluding duration criteria. Participants were divided into symptom categories "often/sometimes", and "rarely/never". These groups were compared to sociodemographic factors and factors related to work, workload, and well-being. RESULTS The degree of mental health symptoms did not differ between the 2 healthcare districts despite differing COVID-19 incidences (p = 1). The authors observed a significant relationship between self-reported diagnostic mental health symptoms and experiences of insufficient instructions for protection against COVID-19 (in HUS cohort p < 0.001), insufficient recovery from work (p < 0.001), and subjective increased workload (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The authors' results show the importance of well-planned and sufficient instructions for protection from SARS-CoV-2 for healthcare workers, indicating their need to feel safe and protected at work. The workload of healthcare workers should be carefully monitored to keep it moderate and ensure sufficient recovery. Sufficient control of the epidemic to keep the burden of the healthcare system low is vital for healthcare workers' well-being. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(6):708-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Rantanen
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Clinical Research Institute HUCH, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Lotta-Maria A.H. Oksanen
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Phoniatrics – Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampo A. Oksanen
- BeeHealthy, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Phoniatrics – Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veli-Jukka Anttila
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), HUS Inflammation Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lasse Lehtonen
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), HUS Diagnostic Center, HUSLAB, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahmed Geneid
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Phoniatrics – Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Enni Sanmark
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Phoniatrics – Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki, Finland
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Silva FVD, Cezário PFO, Brito ARRTD, Nogueira WPN, Silva ACOE, Nogueira JDA, Almeida SAD. Efeitos da pandemia e fatores associados à saúde mental de profissionais de saúde. REME: REVISTA MINEIRA DE ENFERMAGEM 2022. [DOI: 10.35699/2316-9389.2022.40399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objetivo: identificar,na literatura científica, os efeitos da pandemia e fatores associados àsaúde mental de profissionais de saúde que atuam no enfrentamento da COVID-19. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, através das bases de dados Web of Science, LILACS, Medline e CINAHL, realizada em novembro de 2020.A busca se deu de forma ampla, criteriosa e independente por dois pesquisadores; em casos de divergência, houve a participação de um terceiro pesquisador. Resultados: 12 artigos compuseram a amostra. Ansiedade, depressão e distúrbios do sono foram os efeitos na saúde mental mais prevalentes em profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19. O setor de trabalho, a falta de Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPIs) e o aumento da carga horária de trabalho foram os principais fatores desencadeantes desses efeitos. Considerações Finais: faz-se necessária a implantação de estratégias e intervenções eficazes que garantam um suporte psicológico a curto, médio e longo prazo para os profissionais de saúde.
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THE EFFECT OF DEPRESSION LEVELS ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF INTENSIVE CARE STAFF DURING THE COVID-19 PROCESS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH AND POLICY 2022. [DOI: 10.33457/ijhsrp.1118873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effect of depressive symptoms on quality of life of healthcare staff working in intensive care units during the COVID-19 process. This study was designed as descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational. It was carried out with the participation of 133 healthcare professionals between November and December 2020. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews with the participants in average of 10-15 minutes. Personal Information Form, Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), and Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL R-IV) were used for data collection. Kurtosis, Skewness and Shapiro-Wilk, Student's t, ANOVA tests were used for data analysis. Pearson correlation and regression analysis were performed. Depressive symptoms and low quality of life were detected in healthcare workers working in the Covid-19 pandemic. It was seen that women's ProQOL R-IV total scores were higher than men's and BDI total score averages of associate degree health workers were significantly higher than those of health workers with undergraduate or graduate degrees. It was determined that 39.1% of the participants were considering resigning during the pandemic process. It has been determined that those who do their job reluctantly have higher BDI total scores than those who do it fondly. In addition, it was determined that those who do their job fondly have higher ProQOL R-IV total scores than those who do it reluctantly. It was observed that the total BDI scores of the participants whose family members were diagnosed with COVID-19 were higher than those who did not and those who thought about resigning during the pandemic process were higher than those who did not. As a result, it is thought that the effective and high quality of health services is directly related to the physical and mental well-being of health workers throughout the pandemic process. It is thought that it is extremely important to identify mental disorders that may occur in healthcare workers due to the difficulties brought by the pandemic process at an early stage and to stop their progression.
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Platania S, Gruttadauria SV, Morando M. Dispositional Resilience as Mediator in Psychological Stress on Healthcare Workers: A Multi-Group Analysis of Frontline and Non-Frontline Workers. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1285-1299. [PMID: 36135227 PMCID: PMC9497834 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12090089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The experiences of healthcare workers (HCWs) during COVID-19 have been characterized by psychological symptoms such as stress, anxiety and depression, compassion fatigue and post-traumatic stress, which are long-lasting. The general picture of HCWs, especially frontline workers, is that of a physically and psychologically exhausted group. The aim of the study was to examine the potential mediating role of dispositional resilience in the impact of depression, anxiety and stress on professional quality of life among HCWs during the pandemic period. We also investigated possible differences between the frontline and non-frontline HCWs. The study enrolled 487 participants from public Italian hospitals. The variables of stress and anxiety predicted all factors related to professional quality of life, against depression which positively predicted only burnout and secondary traumatic Stress. Resilience was an important mediator in all these paths and the multigroup analysis suggested statistically significant differences between frontline and non-frontline HCWs. Results emphasised the importance of caring and concern for frontline HCWs to improve their quality of life, satisfaction and have positive impacts on the quality of service and care provided. There is a need to reflect on the necessity to develop projects and protocols that address health emergencies in advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Platania
- Psychology Section, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
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18
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Mental health and the effects on methylation of stress-related genes in front-line versus other health care professionals during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic: an Italian pilot study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 273:347-356. [PMID: 36001138 PMCID: PMC9399986 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare workers experienced high degree of stress during COVID-19. Purpose of the present article is to compare mental health (depressive and Post-Traumatic-Stress-Disorders-PTSD-symptoms) and epigenetics aspects (degree of methylation of stress-related genes) in front-line healthcare professionals versus healthcare working in non-COVID-19 wards. Sixty-eight healthcare workers were included in the study: 39 were working in COVID-19 wards (cases) and 29 in non-COVID wards (controls). From all participants, demographic and clinical information were collected by an ad-hoc questionnaire. Depressive and PTSD symptoms were evaluated by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), respectively. Methylation analyses of 9 promoter/regulatory regions of genes known to be implicated in depression/PTSD (ADCYAP1, BDNF, CRHR1, DRD2, IGF2, LSD1/KDM1A, NR3C1, OXTR, SLC6A4) were performed on DNA from blood samples by the MassARRAY EpiTYPER platform, with MassCleave settings. Controls showed more frequent lifetime history of anxiety/depression with respect to cases (χ2 = 5.72, p = 0.03). On the contrary, cases versus controls presented higher PHQ-9 (t = 2.13, p = 0.04), PHQ-9 sleep item (t = 2.26, p = 0.03), IES-R total (t = 2.17, p = 0.03), IES-R intrusion (t = 2.46, p = 0.02), IES-R avoidance (t = 1.99, p = 0.05) mean total scores. Methylation levels at CRHR1, DRD2 and LSD1 genes was significantly higher in cases with respect to controls (p < 0.01, p = 0.03 and p = 0.03, respectively). Frontline health professionals experienced more negative effects on mental health during COVID-19 pandemic than non-frontline healthcare workers. Methylation levels were increased in genes regulating HPA axis (CRHR1) and dopamine neurotransmission (DRD2 and LSD1), thus supporting the involvement of these biological processes in depression/PTSD and indicating that methylation of these genes can be modulated by stress conditions, such as working as healthcare front-line during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Hsieh KY, Li DJ, Chou FHC, Hsu ST, Wu HC, Chou LS, Wu PJ, Lin GG, Chen WJ, Liu CL, Huang JJ. Relationship of Societal Adaptation with Vaccine Worries among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Effects of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159498. [PMID: 35954849 PMCID: PMC9368662 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy has become a major public health problem among healthcare workers (HCWs) in this coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between societal adaptation and vaccine worries and the mediating effects of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) indicators in HCWs. A total of 435 HCWs (327 women and 108 men) were recruited. Their levels of societal adaptation were evaluated using the Societal Influences Survey Questionnaire (SISQ). Their severity and frequency of PTSD symptoms were examined using the Disaster-Related Psychological Screening Test (DRPST). The severity of vaccine worries was assessed using the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale. The relationships among societal adaptation, PTSD, and vaccine worries were examined using structural equation modeling. The severity of societal adaptation was positively associated with both the severity of PTSD and the severity of vaccine worries. In addition, the severity of PTSD indicators was positively associated with the severity of vaccine worries. These results demonstrated that the severity of societal adaptation was related to the severity of vaccine worries, either directly or indirectly. The indirect relationship was mediated by the severity of PTSD. Societal adaptation and PTSD should be taken into consideration by the community of professionals working on vaccine hesitancy. Early detection and intervention of PTSD should be the objectives for programs aiming to lower vaccine hesitancy among HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ying Hsieh
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80276, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (D.-J.L.); (S.-T.H.); (L.-S.C.); (P.-J.W.); (G.-G.L.); (W.-J.C.); (C.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Dian-Jeng Li
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80276, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (D.-J.L.); (S.-T.H.); (L.-S.C.); (P.-J.W.); (G.-G.L.); (W.-J.C.); (C.-L.L.)
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 91200, Taiwan
| | - Frank Huang-Chih Chou
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80276, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (D.-J.L.); (S.-T.H.); (L.-S.C.); (P.-J.W.); (G.-G.L.); (W.-J.C.); (C.-L.L.)
- Correspondence: (F.H.-C.C.); (J.-J.H.)
| | - Su-Ting Hsu
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80276, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (D.-J.L.); (S.-T.H.); (L.-S.C.); (P.-J.W.); (G.-G.L.); (W.-J.C.); (C.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Counseling Psychology and Rehabilitation Counseling, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 80201, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Wu
- Department of Social Work, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Li-Shiu Chou
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80276, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (D.-J.L.); (S.-T.H.); (L.-S.C.); (P.-J.W.); (G.-G.L.); (W.-J.C.); (C.-L.L.)
| | - Pei-Jhen Wu
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80276, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (D.-J.L.); (S.-T.H.); (L.-S.C.); (P.-J.W.); (G.-G.L.); (W.-J.C.); (C.-L.L.)
| | - Guei-Ging Lin
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80276, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (D.-J.L.); (S.-T.H.); (L.-S.C.); (P.-J.W.); (G.-G.L.); (W.-J.C.); (C.-L.L.)
| | - Wei-Jen Chen
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80276, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (D.-J.L.); (S.-T.H.); (L.-S.C.); (P.-J.W.); (G.-G.L.); (W.-J.C.); (C.-L.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Counseling Psychology and Rehabilitation Counseling, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 80201, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Lien Liu
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80276, Taiwan; (K.-Y.H.); (D.-J.L.); (S.-T.H.); (L.-S.C.); (P.-J.W.); (G.-G.L.); (W.-J.C.); (C.-L.L.)
| | - Joh-Jong Huang
- Department of Medical Humanities and Education, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (F.H.-C.C.); (J.-J.H.)
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Power N, Perreault M, Ferrari M, Boudreau P, Boivin DB. Sleep of Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Role of Atypical Work Schedules: A Scoping Review. J Biol Rhythms 2022; 37:358-384. [PMID: 35773789 DOI: 10.1177/07487304221103376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the well-being of healthcare workers (HCWs). HCWs are highly exposed to shift work and their work schedules have been subject to increasing unpredictability since the start of the pandemic. This review aims to: (1) map the studies providing information about factors associated with sleep characteristics in HCWs working in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic during the first and second waves and (2) examine the state of the evidence base in terms of the availability of information on the influence of atypical work schedules. A literature search was performed in PubMed. Studies containing information about factors (demographic; psychological; occupational; COVID-19-specific; work schedule; lifestyle; medical; or other) associated with various sleep characteristics among HCWs working in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic were included. Particular attention was paid to the availability of information on the role of atypical work schedules on HCW sleep. Fifty-seven articles met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were reports of quantitative cross-sectional surveys using self-report measures. Associations between female sex, frontline HCW status, psychological factors, and poorer sleep were observed. Six studies included a measure of shift work in their analyses, 5 of which reported an association between shift work status and sleep. A wide range of factors were investigated, with female sex, frontline HCW status, and psychological factors repeatedly demonstrating associations with poorer sleep. Sleep was predominantly measured in terms of self-reported sleep quality or insomnia symptoms. Few studies investigated the influence of atypical work schedules on HCW sleep in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Research on this topic is lacking in terms of reliable and consistent measurements of sleep outcomes, longitudinal data, and knowledge about the influence of covariates such atypical work schedules, comorbidity, and medical history on HCW sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Power
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Perreault
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - Manuela Ferrari
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Boudreau
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada.,Centre for Study and Treatment of Circadian Rhythms, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Diane B Boivin
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada.,Centre for Study and Treatment of Circadian Rhythms, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Munarini E, Stival C, Boffi R, Lugoboni F, Veronese C, Tinghino B, Agnelli GM, Lugo A, Gallus S, Giordano R. Factors associated with a change in smoking habit during the first COVID-19 lockdown: an Italian cross-sectional study among ever-smokers. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1046. [PMID: 35614423 PMCID: PMC9132352 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown period lasted from March to May 2020, resulted in a highly stressful situation yielding different negative health consequences, including the worsening of smoking habit. METHODS A web-based cross-sectional study on a convenient sample of 1013 Italian ever smokers aged 18 years or more was conducted. Data were derived from surveys compiled by three different groups of people: subjects belonging to Smoking Cessation Services, Healthcare Providers and Nursing Sciences' students. All institutions were from Northern Italy. The primary outcome self-reported worsening (relapse or increase) or improvement (quit or reduce) of smoking habit during lockdown period. Multiple unconditional (for worsening) and multinomial (for improving) logistic regressions were carried out. RESULTS Among 962 participants, 56.0% were ex-smokers. Overall, 13.2% of ex-smokers before lockdown reported relapsing and 32.7% of current smokers increasing cigarette intake. Among current smokers before lockdown, 10.1% quit smoking and 13.5% decreased cigarette intake. Out of 7 selected stressors related to COVID-19, four were significantly related to relapse (OR for the highest vs. the lowest tertile ranging between 2.24 and 3.62): fear of being infected and getting sick; fear of dying due to the virus; anxiety in listening to news of the epidemic; sense of powerlessness in protecting oneself from contagion. In addition to these stressors, even the other 3 stressors were related with increasing cigarette intensity (OR ranging between 1.90 and 4.18): sense of powerlessness in protecting loved ones from contagion; fear of losing loved ones due to virus; fear of infecting other. CONCLUSION The lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with both self-reported relapse or increase smoking habit and also quitting or reduction of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Munarini
- Pulmonology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Stival
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Boffi
- Pulmonology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Lugoboni
- Department of Medicine, Addiction Medicine Unit, Verona University Hospital, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Veronese
- Pulmonology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Biagio Tinghino
- Alcohol and New Addictions Unit, ASST Brianza, 20871, Vimercate, Italy
| | - Gianna Maria Agnelli
- Occupational Health Unit, Clinica del Lavoro "L. Devoto", Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Addiction Medicine Unit, Verona University Hospital, 37134, Verona, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, 37129, Verona, Italy
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Chen J, Zhang SX, Yin A, Yáñez JA. Mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in developing countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Glob Health 2022; 12:05011. [PMID: 35604881 PMCID: PMC9126304 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.12.05011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This systematic review aims to 1) summarize the prevalence of anxiety, depression, distress, insomnia, and PTSD in the adult population during the first year of the COVID pandemic in developing countries and 2) uncover and highlight the uneven distribution of research on mental health in all developing countries across regions. Methods Several literature databases were systemically searched for meta-analyses published by September 22, 2021, on the prevalence rates of mental health symptoms in developing countries worldwide. We meta-analysed the raw data of the individual empirical results from the previous meta-analysis papers in developing countries in different regions. Results The prevalence rates of mental health symptoms were summarized based on 341 empirical studies with a total of 1 704 072 participants from 40 out of 167 developing countries in Africa, Asia (East, Southeast, South, and West), Europe, and Latin America. Comparatively, Africa (39%) and West Asia (35%) had the worse overall mental health symptoms, followed by Latin America (32%). The prevalence rates of overall mental health symptoms of medical students (38%), general adult students (30%), and frontline health care workers (HCWs) (27%) were higher than those of general HCWs (25%) and general populations (23%). Among five mental health symptoms, distress (29%) and depression (27%) were the most prevalent. Interestingly, people in the least developing countries suffered less than those in emergent and other developing countries. The various instruments employed lead to result heterogeneity, demonstrating the importance of using the well-established instruments with the standard cut-off points (eg, GAD-7, GAD-2, and DASS-21 for anxiety, PHQ-9 and DASS-21 for depression, and ISI for insomnia). Conclusions The research effort on mental health in developing countries during COVID-19 has been highly uneven in the scope of countries and mental health outcomes. This meta-analysis, the largest on this topic to date, shows that the mental health symptoms are highly prevalent yet differ across regions. The accumulated systematic evidence from this study can help enable the prioritization of mental health assistance efforts to allocate attention and resources across countries and regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyao Chen
- College of Business, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Stephen X Zhang
- Adelaide Business School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Allen Yin
- School of Humanities, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jaime A Yáñez
- Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Gerencia Corporativa de Asuntos Científicos y Regulatorios, Teoma Global, Lima, Peru
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Zhang L, Yan M, Takashima K, Guo W, Yamada Y. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on health care workers' anxiety levels: a meta-analysis. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13225. [PMID: 35433133 PMCID: PMC9009329 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has been declared a public health emergency of international concern, causing excessive anxiety among health care workers. Additionally, publication bias and low-quality publications have become widespread, which can result in the dissemination of unreliable information. A meta-analysis was performed for this study with the following two aims: (1) to examine the prevalence of anxiety among health care workers and determine whether it has increased owing to the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) to investigate whether there has been an increase in publication bias. Methods All relevant studies published between 2015 and 2020 were searched in electronic databases (namely Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, PsyArXiv, and medRxiv). The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the I 2 statistic. The effect size (prevalence rate of anxiety) and 95% CI for each study were also calculated. We used moderator analysis to test for the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on health care workers' anxiety levels and to detect publication bias in COVID-19 studies. We assessed publication bias using funnel plots and Egger's regression. Results A total of 122 studies with 118,025 participants met the inclusion criteria. Eighty-eight articles (75,066 participants) were related to COVID-19, 13 articles (9,222 participants) were unrelated to COVID-19 (i.e., articles related to other outbreaks, which were excluded), and 21 preprints (33,737 participants) were related to COVID-19. The pooled meta-analysis prevalence was 33.6% (95% CI [30.5-36.8]; 95% PI [6.5-76.3]). Moderator analysis revealed no significant differences between articles related to COVID-19 and those unrelated to COVID-19 (p = 0.824). Moreover, no significant differences were found between articles and preprints related to COVID-19 (p = 0.843). Significant heterogeneity was observed in each subgroup. An Egger's test revealed publication bias in both articles and preprints related to COVID-19 (p < 0.001). Conclusions Determining whether the anxiety state of health care workers is altered by the COVID-19 pandemic is currently difficult. However, there is evidence that their anxiety levels may always be high, which suggests that more attention should be paid to their mental health. Furthermore, we found a substantial publication bias; however, the quality of the studies was relatively stable and reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunbo Zhang
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Ming Yan
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Kaito Takashima
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Wenru Guo
- Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Japan
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Jahrami HA, Alhaj OA, Humood AM, Alenezi AF, Fekih-Romdhane F, AlRasheed MM, Saif ZQ, Bragazzi NL, Pandi-Perumal SR, BaHammam AS, Vitiello MV. Sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 62:101591. [PMID: 35131664 PMCID: PMC8782754 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the extent of sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eleven databases and six preprint repositories were searched for the period from November 1, 2019, to July 15, 2021. The DerSimonian and Laird method was used to develop random-effect meta-analyses. Two hundred and fifty studies comprising 493,475 participants from 49 countries were included. During COVID-19, the estimated global prevalence of sleep disturbances was 40.49% [37.56; 43.48%]. Bayesian meta-analysis revealed an odds of 0.68 [0.59; 0.77] which translates to a rate of approximately 41%. This provides reassurance that the estimated rate using classical meta-analysis is robust. Six major populations were identified; the estimated prevalence of sleep problem was 52.39% [41.69; 62.88%] among patients infected with COVID-19, 45.96% [36.90; 55.30%] among children and adolescents, 42.47% [37.95; 47.12%] among healthcare workers, 41.50% [32.98; 50.56%] among special populations with healthcare needs, 41.16% [28.76; 54.79%] among university students, and 36.73% [32.32; 41.38%] among the general population. Sleep disturbances were higher during lockdown compared to no lockdown, 42.49% versus 37.97%. Four in every ten individuals reported a sleep problem during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients infected with the disease, children, and adolescents appeared to be the most affected groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham A Jahrami
- Ministry of Health, Bahrain; College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain.
| | - Omar A Alhaj
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ali M Humood
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Ahmad F Alenezi
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Psychiatry Department "Ibn Omrane", Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maha M AlRasheed
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal
- Somnogen Canada Inc., College Street, Toronto, Canada; Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ahmed S BaHammam
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia; The Strategic Technologies Program of the National Plan for Sciences and Technology and Innovation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael V Vitiello
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, and Biobehavioral Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-6560, United States
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Martínez Rojas SM, Ruiz Roa SL. Bienestar psicológico en enfermeras que realizan terapia de reemplazo renal en tiempos de COVID-19. ENFERMERÍA NEFROLÓGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.37551/s2254-28842022005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 ha generado deterioro de la salud mental en los profesionales del sector salud, siendo desconocida su situación en las enfermeras al cuidado de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica. Objetivo: Identificar el bienestar psicológico y sus diferencias de acuerdo a las variables demográficas y profesionales en enfermeras que realizan hemodiálisis en tiempos de COVID-19. Material y Método: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo transversal, realizado en 52 enfermeras que realizan terapia de reemplazo renal en unidades de cuidado intensivo y de terapia renal en tiempos de COVID-19. Fueron obtenidas variables de tipo sociodemográfico, académico, laboral y se empleó la escala PGWBI para establecer los niveles de bienestar psicológico. Se utilizó el test de Mann-Whitney y Kruskall-Wallis realizando el post test de Dunn para comparar diferencias entre las variables estudiadas. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 36,56±6,95 años. Los niveles de bienestar psicológico fueron positivos en todas las categorías de la escala, con excepción de la ansiedad y la depresión. De igual forma, se encontró que las variables género, estado civil, estabilidad, antigüedad laboral, remuneración salarial y formación académica, muestran comportamiento diferenciado en las categorías que evalúa el instrumento. Conclusiones: Se identificaron altos niveles de bienestar psicológico en enfermeras que prestan cuidados en pacientes en terapia de reemplazo renal en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19, donde factores como el estado civil, formación post gradual y tener estabilidad laboral con mejores ingresos salariales, influencian positivamente las categorías que contribuyeron a los resultados de bienestar psicológico de las enfermeras evaluadas.
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Zhang SX, Miller SO, Xu W, Yin A, Chen BZ, Delios A, Dong RK, Chen RZ, McIntyre RS, Wan X, Wang S, Chen J. Meta-analytic evidence of depression and anxiety in Eastern Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2000132. [PMID: 35186214 PMCID: PMC8856103 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.2000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To perform a systematic and meta-analysis on the prevalence rates of mental health symptoms including anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population in Eastern Europe, as well as three select sub-populations: students, general healthcare workers, and frontline healthcare workers. Data sources Studies in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and medRxiv up to 6 February 2021. Eligibility criteria and data analysis Prevalence rates of mental health symptoms in the general population and key sub-populations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Eastern Europe. Data were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence rates of anxiety and depression. Results The meta-analysis identifies and includes 21 studies and 26 independent samples in Eastern Europe. Poland (n = 4), Serbia (n = 4), Russia (n = 3), and Croatia (n = 3) had the greatest number of studies. To our knowledge, no studies have been conducted in eleven Eastern European countries including Hungary, Slovakia, and Slovenia. The pooled prevalence of anxiety in 18 studies with 22 samples was 30% (95% CI: 24-37%) pooled prevalence of depression in 18 studies with 23 samples was 27% (95% CI: 21-34%). Implications The cumulative evidence from the meta-analysis reveals high prevalence rates of clinically significant symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in Eastern Europe. The findings suggest evidence of a potential mental health crisis in Eastern Europe during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Our synthesis also reveals a relative lack of studies in certain Eastern European countries as well as high heterogeneities among the existing studies, calling for more effort to achieve evidence-based mental healthcare in Eastern Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen X. Zhang
- Faculty of Professions, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Saylor O. Miller
- College of Business, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Wen Xu
- Business School China, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Allen Yin
- School of Humanities, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Andrew Delios
- College of Business, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | - Roger S. McIntyre
- Department of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xue Wan
- School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Senhu Wang
- Department of Sociology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiyao Chen
- College of Business, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Kantorski LP, Oliveira MMD, Alves PF, Treichel CADS, Coimbra VCC, Gonçalves BA, Borba LSD, Souza TT. Prevalence and factors associated with poor sleep quality among nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rev Bras Enferm 2022; 75Suppl 1:e20210517. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2021-0517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the prevalence and factors associated with poor sleep quality among nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: a cross-sectional study, conducted in June and July 2020, with 890 nursing professionals. To screen the outcome, question 3 of the Self-Reporting Questionnaire was used, assessing poor sleep quality 30 days preceding the application of the questionnaire. Associations between variables of interest were tested using Poisson regression models. Results: the prevalence of poor sleep quality was 68%. Associated factors were moderate or heavy workload, poor assessment of working conditions, suspected infection with COVID-19, more than two thirds of the workload for pandemic and the use of psychotropic drugs. Conclusion: the study pointed out a high prevalence of poor sleep quality among nursing workers with an important relationship with working conditions.
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Zhang Y, Li D, Ouyang X, Bai H, Zhao L, Shi Y, Tan L. Mental Health Differences in Healthcare Workers Exposed to Different Risks During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:827076. [PMID: 35280169 PMCID: PMC8907659 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.827076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a significant impact on the physical and mental health of healthcare workers. This study assessed the psychological status of healthcare workers who were exposed to different risk-levels in China and explored the factors that affected their mental health. METHODS Demographic, occupational characteristics, and mental health measurements were collected from 810 workers in 41 hospitals in China, through online questionnaires from February 11 to March 3, 2020. The degree of symptoms for fatigue, anxiety, and insomnia were assessed using the Chinese versions of the Fatigue Severity Scale, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, and Insomnia Severity Index, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with mental health symptoms. RESULTS All 810 participants completed the relevant questionnaires without missing data. The prevalence of fatigue, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms was 74.3, 73.7, and 61.7%, respectively. Nurses, women, and workers exposed to high-risk areas were more likely to report mental health problems (P < 0.05). After controlling for confounders, exposure to high-risk areas was independently associated with increased symptoms of fatigue, anxiety, and insomnia (fatigue among high-risk areas: OR, 3.87; 95% CI, 2.26-6.61; P < 0.001; anxiety among high-risk areas: OR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.58-4.51; P < 0.001; insomnia among high-risk areas: OR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.68-4.79, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The study demonstrated significant differences in psychological symptoms among healthcare workers exposed to different levels of risk, and those in high-risk areas were more vulnerable to experiencing mental health symptoms. These findings emphasize the importance of giving due attention to healthcare workers, especially women, nurses, and those working in high-risk settings during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Da Li
- Institute of Anthropology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Ouyang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hanping Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongyan Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liwen Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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30
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Bertrand L, Lejoyeux M, Geoffroy PA. Republication : Impact de la pandémie COVID-19 sur le sommeil du personnel soignant. MÉDECINE DU SOMMEIL 2021. [PMCID: PMC8552579 DOI: 10.1016/j.msom.2021.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
La pandémie liée à la COVID-19 a altéré de manière significative et importante la qualité du sommeil du personnel soignant. Avec des différences selon le questionnaire utilisé, la spécialité du professionnel, et le pays étudié, environ la moitié des soignants ont développé des troubles du sommeil lors de cette crise sanitaire. Les troubles du sommeil étaient marqués principalement par des symptômes d’insomnie, une mauvaise qualité du sommeil, un temps total de sommeil réduit, et des cauchemars fréquents. Les altérations du sommeil affectaient à la fois les soignants de première et de seconde ligne au cours de la pandémie liée à la COVID. Les études évaluant le sommeil des soignants confirment l’importance de diffuser les recommandations publiées par les experts du sommeil.
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Saddik B, Elbarazi I, Temsah MH, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Kheder W, Hussein A, Najim H, Bendardaf R, Hamid Q, Halwani R. Psychological Distress and Anxiety Levels Among Health Care Workers at the Height of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Arab Emirates. Int J Public Health 2021; 66:1604369. [PMID: 34840553 PMCID: PMC8615074 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2021.1604369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Providing medical care during a global pandemic exposes healthcare workers (HCW) to a high level of risk, causing anxiety and stress. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and psychological distress among HCWs during COVID-19. Methods: We invited HCWs from 3 hospitals across the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to participate in an anonymous online survey between April 19-May 3, 2020. The GAD-7 and K10 measures were used to assess anxiety and psychological distress. Logistic regression models assessed associations between knowledge, attitude, worry, and levels of anxiety and psychological distress. Results: A total of 481 HCWs participated in this study. The majority of HCWs were female (73.6%) and aged 25-34 years (52.6%). More than half were nurses (55.7%) and had good knowledge of COVID-19 (86.3%). Over a third (37%) of HCWs reported moderate/severe psychological distress in the K10 measure and moderate/severe anxiety (32.3%) in the GAD-7, with frontline workers significantly reporting higher levels of anxiety (36%). Knowledge of COVID-19 did not predict anxiety and psychological distress, however, HCWs who believed COVID-19 was difficult to treat and those who perceived they were at high risk of infection had worse mental health outcomes. Worry about spreading COVID-19 to family, being isolated, contracting COVID-19 and feeling stigmatized had 1.8- to 2.5-fold increased odds of symptoms of mental health problems. Additionally, HCWs who felt the need for psychological support through their workplace showed increased odds of psychological distress. Conclusion: HCWs in the UAE reported a high prevalence of psychological distress and anxiety while responding to the challenges of COVID-19. The findings from this study emphasize the public, emotional and mental health burden of COVID-19 and highlight the importance for health systems to implement, monitor, and update preventive policies to protect HCWs from contracting the virus while also providing psychological support in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basema Saddik
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamad-Hani Temsah
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Waad Kheder
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amal Hussein
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hellme Najim
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Riyad Bendardaf
- University Hospital Sharjah (UHS), Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Serdà BC, Aymerich M, Patiño-Masó J, Cunill M. Mental Health Screening of Healthcare Professionals Who Are Candidates for Psychological Assistance during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11167. [PMID: 34769686 PMCID: PMC8583048 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are among those most affected by the COVID-19 health emergency, with many presenting symptoms of anxiety and depression. Research shows that one of the factors involved in mitigating the impact of stressful situations is the use of cognitive emotional regulation mechanisms. The aims of this study were (a) to describe the functional and dysfunctional cognitive emotional regulation mechanisms (FRMs and DRMs) by gender, (b) to screen the main group of healthcare professionals who are candidates to receive psychological assistance based on FRMs and DRMs, and (c) to determine the HCP profile of candidates for psychological assistance. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. Data were obtained from an adhoc questionnaire-the Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-18), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The representative sample comprised 1452 HCPs. The results revealed significant differences between men and women in the use of DRMs. Women showed a higher use of catastrophizing (≤0.001) and rumination (0.008). The screening procedure detected that 7.5% (109 cases) of the HCPs were candidates to receive psychological support. According to the results of this study, age group (30-39 years old), professional activity (being a nurse or nursing assistant), and having psychological symptoms of anxiety and depression are variables that independently increase the probability of requiring psychological assistance. The gender variable was not found to be an independent factor when it comes to receiving psychological support. In conclusion, it is necessary to consider the influence of cognitive emotional regulation strategies employed by HCPs in the screening of candidates for psychological assistance and design effective interventions to reverse the emotional distress caused by COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernat-Carles Serdà
- Health and Healthcare Research Group, Health Sciences Department, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), University of Girona, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Maria Aymerich
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Quality of Life Research Institute, University of Girona, 17071 Girona, Spain; (M.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Josefina Patiño-Masó
- Nursing Department, Quality of Life Research Institute, University of Girona, 17071 Girona, Spain;
| | - Mònica Cunill
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Quality of Life Research Institute, University of Girona, 17071 Girona, Spain; (M.A.); (M.C.)
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Agyei FB, Bayuo J, Baffour PK, Laari C. "Surviving to thriving": a meta-ethnography of the experiences of healthcare staff caring for persons with COVID-19. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:1131. [PMID: 34670562 PMCID: PMC8528651 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07112-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of the Coronavirus disease has heightened the experience of emotional burden among healthcare staff. To guide the development of support programmes, this review sought to aggregate and synthesise qualitative studies to establish a comparative understanding of the experiences of healthcare staff caring for persons with the disease. DESIGN A meta-ethnography approach was used to aggregate and synthesise primary qualitative studies. Database search was undertaken from January to November 2020. A standardised tool was used to extract data from the identified primary studies. The studies were translated into each other to formulate overarching concepts/ metaphors which formed the basis of undertaking a narrative synthesis. RESULTS Eight qualitative studies met the inclusion criteria. Two overarching metaphors/ concepts were formulated from the primary studies: 1) surviving to thriving in an evolving space and 2) support amid the new normal. The initial phase of entering the space of caring during the outbreak was filled with psychological chaos as healthcare staff struggled to survive within the context of an illness which was not fully understood. Gradually, healthcare staff may transition to a thriving phase characterised by resilience but still experienced heavy workload and physical/ emotional exhaustion predisposing them to burnout and compassion fatigue. Fear persisted throughout their experiences: fear of contracting the disease or infecting one's family members/ loved ones remained a key concern among healthcare staff despite infection precaution measures. Healthcare staff who contracted the disease felt isolated with additional fears of dying alone. The sources of support were varied with a strong emphasis on peer support. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare staff caring for persons infected with the Coronavirus disease are at risk of burnout and compassion fatigue and require ongoing mental health support commensurate to their needs. Staff who contract the disease may require additional support to navigate through the illness and recovery. Policies and concerted efforts are needed to strengthen support systems and build resilience among healthcare staff.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Bayuo
- Department of Nursing, Presbyterian University College, Agogo, Ghana.
| | | | - Cletus Laari
- Department of General Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
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Birhanu A, Balis B, Assebe Yadeta T, Bayu M. Personal protective equipment utilization practice and psychological preparedness of health care workers against COVID-19 pandemic in Eastern Ethiopia. SAGE Open Med 2021; 9:20503121211051925. [PMID: 34659769 PMCID: PMC8511914 DOI: 10.1177/20503121211051925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Effective implementation of prevention and control actions by health professionals is substantial to contain the deadly COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study aimed to assess health care worker's practice of using personal protective equipment and psychological preparedness against the COVID-19 pandemic in Eastern Ethiopia. METHODS A facility-based cross-sectional study design was used. The health care workers (HCW) who were working in the selected health facilities were randomly selected. Variables that had p-value of < 0.15 were transformed to multivariable logistic regression model. Finally, the significance level was declared at the p-value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS A total of 418 HCWs were randomly selected and included in this study. The study participants mean age was 27.96 years with a ±5.6SD. HCWs who were male (adjusted odds ratio(AOR) = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.29-3.79), regularly using sanitizer, accessing COVID-19 management guideline (AOR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.46-5.47), trained on COVID-19 prevention methods (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.4-4.7), hopeless of eventually getting COVID-19 at workplace (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.13-3.28), and feeling unsafe at work when using standard precautions (AOR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.27-0.79) were associated with good PPE using compared to their counterparts. Moreover, nursing/midwifery professionals practiced good personal protective equipment compared to physicians (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.8-7.7). CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that being a male, being a nurse/midwifery, regularly sanitizing hands/medical equipment, having COVID-19 management guidelines, trained on COVID-19, and feeling of eventually getting COVID-19 at workplace had a positive association with PPE utilization. Besides, the study revealed that not feeling safe at work when using standard precautions was negatively associated with PPE utilization of HCWs. Therefore, the prevention priorities should be given to frontline HCWs by providing all possible support and strictly implementing the prevention and control guidelines of COVID-19 to prevent the health system from collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdi Birhanu
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Bikila Balis
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Assebe Yadeta
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Miesso Bayu
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Roberts R, Wong A, Jenkins S, Neher A, Sutton C, O'Meara P, Frost M, Bamberry L, Dwivedi A. Mental health and well-being impacts of COVID-19 on rural paramedics, police, community nurses and child protection workers. Aust J Rural Health 2021; 29:753-767. [PMID: 34586704 PMCID: PMC8653026 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health and well-being of rural paramedics, police, community nursing and child protection staff. METHOD An online survey was distributed to investigate the sources of stress and support across individual, task and organisational domains. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The survey was completed by 1542 paramedics, police, community nurses and child protection workers from all states and territories of Australia. This study describes the data for the 632 rural participants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main measures of well-being were the Public Health Questionnaire (PHQ9), the Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD7), the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), workplace engagement, intention to quit and COVID-19-related stress. RESULTS The mean depression and anxiety scores were 8.2 (PHQ9) and 6.8 (GAD7). This is 2-3 times that found in the general community. Over half (56.1%) of respondents showed high emotional exhaustion (burnout). The emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment mean scores were 28.5, 9.3 and 34.2, respectively. The strongest associations with burnout and psychological distress were workload, provision of practical support, training and organisational communication. A significant proportion of respondents were seriously considering quitting (27.4%) or looking for a new job with a different employer (28.5%) in the next 12 months. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 has increased the workload and stress on rural front-line community staff. The major sources of stress were related to organisations' responses to COVID-19 and not COVID-19 per se. The data suggest the most effective mental health interventions are practical and preventive, such as firstly ensuring fair and reasonable workloads.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alfred Wong
- Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Alain Neher
- Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare Sutton
- Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Mark Frost
- Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
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Güney Yılmaz G, Zengin G, Temuçin K, Aygün D, Akı E. How the occupational balance of healthcare professionals changed in the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed design study. Aust Occup Ther J 2021; 68:520-534. [PMID: 34476823 PMCID: PMC8652546 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it has been possible for many people to make a gradual transition to normal life or routine activities, the same seems far off for healthcare professionals. The current study examines in depth how the occupational balance of healthcare professionals has changed in the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The current study has a mixed design, which involves collecting both qualitative and quantitative data. In the first stage of the study, which is the quantitative one, Turkish Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11-T) was used to collect data, whereas the second stage of the study, which is the qualitative one, was designed to explore occupational balance and the related issues via using semi-structured interviews. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare parameters between the groups (working in active-passive contact with COVID patients). On the other hand, qualitative data were evaluated via consensual qualitative data analysis. RESULTS The level of occupational balance of healthcare professionals included in the study group was found to be significantly lower than the level of occupational balance of healthcare professionals included in the control group (P = .005). Although there was no clear problem in self-care activities of healthcare professionals, the balance between productivity and leisure time activities was disrupted. CONCLUSIONS Occupational balance and leisure time use of healthcare professionals, especially those who have active contact with COVID patients, have been affected. A further investigation can be carried out according to gender, age, and other demographic qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güleser Güney Yılmaz
- Therapy and Rehabilitation Department, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Zengin
- Therapy and Rehabilitation Department, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevşehir, Turkey
| | - Keziban Temuçin
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Damla Aygün
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Akı
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on ICU Healthcare Professionals: A Mixed Methods Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179243. [PMID: 34501832 PMCID: PMC8431632 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The large numbers of patients admitted to intensive care units due to COVID-19 has had a major impact on healthcare professionals. The incidence of mental health disorders among these professionals has increased considerably and their professional quality of life has suffered during the pandemic. This study aims to explore the impact of the provision of COVID-19 patient care on ICU healthcare professionals. A mixed methods study with an exploratory concurrent design was conducted between June and November 2020 in the Balearic Islands, Spain. Data were collected using a self-report online survey (n = 122) based on three validated questionnaires, and individual semi-structured in-depth online interviews (n = 11). Respondents scored 2.5 out of 5 on the moral distress scale, moderate/high on the compassion satisfaction scale, and moderate on the burnout and compassion fatigue subscales. Age was significantly and negatively related to professional quality of life but was positively related to workload and unavailability of protective equipment. Three main groups of themes relating to the impact of the pandemic emerged from the in-depth interviews: (a) clinical, (b) professional, and (c) personal and family impacts in the two waves. ICU healthcare professionals should be viewed as second victims of the COVID-19 pandemic as they have suffered significant psychological, professional, and moral harm.
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Ishikawa M, Ogasawara T, Takahashi K, Ono T, Matsui K, Marshall S, Sakurai A, Aoka Y, Otsubo T, Sato Y, Sakura H, Uchigata Y. Psychological Effects on Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Single-center Study at a Tertiary Hospital in Tokyo, Japan. Intern Med 2021; 60:2771-2776. [PMID: 34219107 PMCID: PMC8479219 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.7207-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study analyzed the psychological status of healthcare workers in Japan and the influencing factors during the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic. Methods An online survey was conducted from July 22 to August 21, 2020. A total of 328 of the 1,029 medical staff members in our university hospital participated in the study. Their mental health was assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with the mental health outcomes. Results Of the respondents, 78.0% reported psychological distress. Overall, we found that women, non-physicians, those who lived alone, and younger respondents had significantly greater psychological distress than their counterparts. The multivariate regression analysis showed that four factors were extracted as independent 12-item General Health Questionnaire-related factors: the lack of a sense of mission as a medical professional, the burden of the change in the quality of work, the lack of understanding about virus infectivity, and a strong sense of duty. Conclusion In summary, we found a high prevalence of psychological distress among healthcare workers during the 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak in Japan. Independent risk factors for psychological distress were the burden of the change in the quality of work, the lack of understanding about virus infectivity, a sense of responsibility, and the lack of a strong motivation and drive to help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motonao Ishikawa
- Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ogasawara
- Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Japan
| | - Takuya Ono
- Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Matsui
- Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Japan
| | - Shoko Marshall
- Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Japan
| | - Ayana Sakurai
- Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Aoka
- General Medical Department, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Japan
| | - Tempei Otsubo
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Japan
| | - Yasuto Sato
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakura
- Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Japan
| | - Yasuko Uchigata
- Director, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Medical Center East, Japan
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Saragih ID, Tonapa SI, Saragih IS, Advani S, Batubara SO, Suarilah I, Lin CJ. Global prevalence of mental health problems among healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2021; 121:104002. [PMID: 34271460 PMCID: PMC9701545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.104002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers are at high risk of developing mental health issues during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, there is a need for a full picture of mental health problems with comprehensive analysis among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to systematically identify the mental health problems among healthcare workers in various countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed of the following databases: PubMed, Academic Search Complete, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, MEDLINE Complete, and SocINDEX. The last date of our search was November 2, 2020. We included all cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies and used the Joanna Briggs Institute tool to assess their quality. A meta-analysis was performed to synthesize the pooled prevalence of mental health problems using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was measured using the I2 statistic and Egger's test was used to assess publication bias. RESULTS A total of 38 studies were identified that reported the mental health problems of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The distribution of healthcare workers analyzed in this review included 27.9% doctors, 43.7% nurses, and 7.0% allied health workers. The pooled prevalence of mental health problems for post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, and distress was 49% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22-75%), 40% (95% CI: 29-52%), 37% (95% CI: 29-45%), and 37% (95% CI: 25-50%), respectively. CONCLUSION This review yielded evidence that estimated the global prevalence of mental health problems among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Post-traumatic stress disorder was the most common mental health disorder reported by healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by anxiety, depression, and distress. Additional studies remain necessary to assess the appropriate management strategies for treating and preventing mental health disorders among healthcare workers during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santo Imanuel Tonapa
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,School of Nursing, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
| | | | - Shailesh Advani
- Terasaki Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Ira Suarilah
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ju Lin
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shin-Chuan 1st Road, San-min Dist., Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan,Corresponding author
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Zhou P, Du N, Diao D, OuYang Y, Kankanam Pathiranage HS. Investigation on the Influencing Factors of Mental Health of Healthcare Workers for Aid in Hubei during the Outbreak of COVID-19. Ann Work Expo Health 2021; 65:833-842. [PMID: 33912898 PMCID: PMC8135647 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to determine the factors that were related to the psychological health status of healthcare workers aid for Hubei after the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods A total of 1260 participants completed the Self-Rating Scale of Sleep (SRSS), the Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7), and the 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) via the online questionnaires, and their related experiences with COVID-19 were collected. Results The average SRSS score of all participants (25.13 ± 6.41) indicated a mild sleep problem, and the factors that influenced their sleep were the respondent’s gender, whether they had patients who died under their care, their history of psychosis and whether their family members were infected with COVID-19. The average GAD-7 score of all participants (12.37 ± 4.89) indicated a moderate anxiety level. The main factors that influenced anxiety were the respondent’s gender, years of work, history of psychosis, self-perceived health status, and whether their family members were infected with COVID-19. The average PHQ-9 score of all participants (8.90 ± 5.42) indicated a mild depression level. The primary factors that influenced depression were whether the respondent had nursed/treated severely ill patients in Hubei and whether they had a history of psychosis. Conclusions During the outbreak of COVID-19, the symptoms of anxiety were prominent among healthcare workers in Hubei. Moreover, male workers, those whose patients died during treatment, those with a history of anxiety disorders and those whose family members were infected with COVID-19 reported more serious problems. Therefore, this particular group of healthcare workers needs to be monitored and provided with tailored psychological support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Disaster Medical Center of Sichuan University, Stroke Center of Sichuan University, Emergency Department, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Na Du
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Clinical Psychology Department, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dongmei Diao
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Disaster Medical Center of Sichuan University, Stroke Center of Sichuan University, Emergency Department, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yingjie OuYang
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Clinical Psychology Department, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Impact de la pandémie COVID-19 sur le sommeil du personnel soignant. LA PRESSE MÉDICALE FORMATION 2021. [PMCID: PMC8223164 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpmfor.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
La pandémie liée à la COVID-19 a altéré de manière significative et importante la qualité du sommeil du personnel soignant. Avec des différences selon le questionnaire utilisé, la spécialité du professionnel, et le pays étudié, environ la moitié des soignants ont développé des troubles du sommeil lors de cette crise sanitaire. Les troubles du sommeil étaient marqués principalement par des symptômes d’insomnie, une mauvaise qualité du sommeil, un temps total de sommeil réduit, et des cauchemars fréquents. Les altérations du sommeil affectaient à la fois les soignants de première et de seconde ligne au cours de la pandémie liée à la COVID. Les études évaluant le sommeil des soignants confirment l’importance de diffuser les recommandations publiées par les experts du sommeil.
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Olaya B, Pérez-Moreno M, Bueno-Notivol J, Gracia-García P, Lasheras I, Santabárbara J. Prevalence of Depression among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153406. [PMID: 34362188 PMCID: PMC8348388 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is evidence of a high psychological toll from the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare workers. This paper was aimed at conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting levels of depression among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 and estimating the pooled prevalence of depression. Methods: We searched for cross-sectional studies listed on PubMed from 1 December 2019 to 15 September 2020 that reported prevalence of depression in healthcare workers, nurses, medical doctors, and COVID-19 frontline professionals. The pooled proportions of depression were calculated with random effects models. Results: We identified 57 studies from seventeen countries. The pooled prevalence of depression in healthcare workers was 24% (95% CI: 20–28%), 25% for nurses (95% CI: 18–33%), 24% for medical doctors (95% CI: 16–31%), and 43% for frontline professionals (95% CI: 28–59%). Conclusions: The proportion of depression in nurses and medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic was similar to that found in the general population as previously reported in other meta-analyses conducted with smaller numbers of studies. Importantly, almost half of the frontline healthcare workers showed increased levels of depression. There is need for a comprehensive, international response to prevent and treat common mental health problems in healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Olaya
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Pérez-Moreno
- Hospitalary Pharmacy Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Juan Bueno-Notivol
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-659-743-354
| | - Patricia Gracia-García
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Paseo Isabel la Católica, 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Isabel Lasheras
- Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Building A, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Javier Santabárbara
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Building A, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Avenue San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Wańkowicz P, Szylińska A, Rotter I. Insomnia, Anxiety, and Depression Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic May Depend on the Pre-Existent Health Status Rather than the Profession. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1001. [PMID: 34439620 PMCID: PMC8392462 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the high number of studies on mental health among healthcare workers, only a few have attempted to assess the mental health of people with chronic diseases during the COVID-19 crisis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the symptoms of insomnia, anxiety, and depression among people with chronic diseases working in healthcare and in other professions. The study participants were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 441 healthcare workers, and the second consisted of 572 non-healthcare professionals. Correlation analysis showed a strong correlation between autoimmune diseases and an increase in GAD-7 scale, ISI score, and PHQ-9 scale. Therefore, only autoimmune diseases were included for further analyses as a predictor of insomnia, depression, and anxiety. After adjusting the results for gender, age, smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and profession, the group with autoimmune diseases showed a more than a 2-fold increase in the risk of anxiety symptoms, a more than 2.5-fold increase in the risk of depressive symptoms, and a 4-fold increase in the risk of insomnia symptoms. This study shows that, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of insomnia, anxiety disorders, and depressive disorders may depend on the pre-existent health status of an individual rather than on their profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Wańkowicz
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (I.R.)
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44
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Sun P, Wang M, Song T, Wu Y, Luo J, Chen L, Yan L. The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2021; 12:626547. [PMID: 34305703 PMCID: PMC8297953 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The COVID-19 epidemic has generated great stress throughout healthcare workers (HCWs). The situation of HCWs should be fully and timely understood. The aim of this meta-analysis is to determine the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health care workers. Method: We searched the original literatures published from 1 Nov 2019 to 20 Sep 2020 in electronic databases of PUBMED, EMBASE and WEB OF SCIENCE. Forty-seven studies were included in the meta-analysis with a combined total of 81,277 participants. Results: The pooled prevalence of anxiety is 37% (95% CI 0.31–0.42, I2 = 99.9%) from 44 studies. Depression is estimated in 39 studies, and the pooled prevalence of depression is 36% (95% CI 0.31–0.41, I2 = 99.6%). There are 10 studies reported the prevalence of insomnia, and the overall prevalence of insomnia is 32% (95% CI 0.23–0.42, I2 = 99.5%). The subgroup analysis showed a higher incidence of anxiety and depression among women and the frontline HCWs compared to men and non-frontline HCWs respectively. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused heavy psychological impact among healthcare professionals especially women and frontline workers. Timely psychological counseling and intervention ought to be implemented for HCWs in order to alleviate their anxiety and improve their general mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Manli Wang
- The Eighth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Tingting Song
- The Eighth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Yan Wu
- The Eighth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Jinglu Luo
- The Eighth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Lili Chen
- The Eighth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China.,Chen Lili's Clinic, Korla, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,The Eighth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
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Mahmud S, Hossain S, Muyeed A, Islam MM, Mohsin M. The global prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and, insomnia and its changes among health professionals during COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07393. [PMID: 34278018 PMCID: PMC8261554 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, the health professionals who are at the frontline of this crisis have been facing extreme psychological disorders. This research aims to provide an overall scenario of the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, as well as insomnia and to inspect the changes in these prevalence over time by analyzing the existing evidence during this COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A systematic search was performed on March 30, 2021, in PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar databases, and Web of Science. To assess the heterogeneity, Q-test,I 2 statistics, and Meta regression and to search for the publication bias, Eggers's test and funnel plot were used. The random-effect model and subgroup analysis were performed due to the significant heterogeneity. RESULTS Among eighty-three eligible studies in the final synthesis, 69 studies (n = 144649) assessed the depression prevalence of 37.12% (95% CI: 31.80-42.43), 75 studies (n = 147435) reported the anxiety prevalence of 41.42% (95% CI: 36.17-46.54), 41 studies (n = 82783) assessed the stress prevalence of 44.86% (95% CI: 36.98-52.74), 21 studies (n = 33370) enunciated the insomnia prevalence of 43.76% (95% CI: 35.83-51.68). The severity of the mental health problems among health professionals increased over the time during January 2020 to September 2020. LIMITATIONS A significant level of heterogeneity was found among psychological measurement tools and across studies. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, it is an emergency to develop psychological interventions that can protect the mental health of vulnerable groups like health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Mahmud
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sorif Hossain
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Muyeed
- Department of Statistics, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Trishal, Mymensingh-2224, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mynul Islam
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mohsin
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Abed Alah M, Ali K, Abdeen S, Al-Jayyousi G, Kasem H, Poolakundan F, Al-Mahbshii S, Bougmiza I. The psychological impact of COVID-19 on health care workers working in a unique environment under the umbrella of Qatar Red Crescent Society. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07236. [PMID: 34189295 PMCID: PMC8219757 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to determine the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among healthcare workers (HCWs) working in a unique male-dominated environment under the umbrella of Qatar Red Crescent, and to explore the associated factors during COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar. METHODS a cross-sectional study utilizing a web-based survey was conducted in the period between 15 November 2020 and 22 December 2020. Depression, anxiety, and stress were determined using the 9-items patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), the 7-item generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) scale, and the 22- item impact of event scale revised (IES-R), respectively. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine the predictors of mental health outcomes among HCWs. RESULTS the proportions of the participants reporting symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were 12.4 (95%CI: 9.3-16.1), 14.2 (95%CI: 10.9-18.1), and 18.5% (95%CI: 14.8-22.7) respectively. Arabs had significantly more severe anxiety levels than non-Arabs (p = 0.031), HCWs with high COVID-19 risk perception experienced more severe mental health outcomes (p < 0.001). The multivariable logistic regression showed that high risk perception was independently associated with depression (adjusted OR 4.62, 95%CI: 2.00-10.68), anxiety (adjusted OR 4.90, 95%CI: 2.24-10.68), and stress (adjusted OR 3.067, 95%CI: 1.62-5.79) with p < 0.001. Compared to nurses, technicians and paramedics were more likely to report anxiety symptoms with (adjusted OR 2.97, 95%CI: 1.23-7.17, p = 0.015), and (adjusted OR 5.48, 95%CI: 1.86-16.12, p = 0.002) respectively. Having a relative or a friend died of COVID-19 infection was significantly associated with depression symptoms (adjusted OR 2.54, 95%CI: 1.21-5.36, p = 0.014). Not living with family was significantly associated with the presence of different mental health outcomes. CONCLUSION relatively lower rates of mental health outcomes in this study compared to others could have several explanations related to the unique characteristics of our target population and their working environment. Ensuring proper mental health support for HCWs is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muna Abed Alah
- Community Medicine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Khaled Ali
- Community Medicine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Sami Abdeen
- Community Medicine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ghadir Al-Jayyousi
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hasan Kasem
- Medical Affairs Division, Qatar Red Crescent Society (QRCS), Qatar
| | | | | | - Iheb Bougmiza
- Community Medicine Department, Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC), Doha, Qatar
- Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Sousse University, Tunisia
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Alimoradi Z, Broström A, Tsang HW, Griffiths MD, Haghayegh S, Ohayon MM, Lin CY, Pakpour AH. Sleep problems during COVID-19 pandemic and its' association to psychological distress: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 36:100916. [PMID: 34131640 PMCID: PMC8192091 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emerging novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become one of the leading cause of deaths worldwide in 2020. The present systematic review and meta-analysis estimated the magnitude of sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with psychological distress. METHODS Five academic databases (Scopus, PubMed Central, ProQuest, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Embase) were searched. Observational studies including case-control studies and cross-sectional studies were included if relevant data relationships were reported (i.e., sleep assessed utilizing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index or Insomnia Severity Index). All the studies were English, peer-reviewed papers published between December 2019 and February 2021. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020181644. FINDINGS 168 cross-sectional, four case-control, and five longitudinal design papers comprising 345,270 participants from 39 countries were identified. The corrected pooled estimated prevalence of sleep problems were 31% among healthcare professionals, 18% among the general population, and 57% among COVID-19 patients (all p-values < 0.05). Sleep problems were associated with depression among healthcare professionals, the general population, and COVID-19 patients, with Fisher's Z scores of -0.28, -0.30, and -0.36, respectively. Sleep problems were positively (and moderately) associated with anxiety among healthcare professionals, the general population, and COVID-19 patients, with Fisher's z scores of 0.55, 0.48, and 0.49, respectively. INTERPRETATION Sleep problems appear to have been common during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, sleep problems were found to be associated with higher levels of psychological distress. With the use of effective programs treating sleep problems, psychological distress may be reduced. Vice versa, the use of effective programs treating psychological distress, sleep problems may be reduced. FUNDING The present study received no funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Alimoradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Anders Broström
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hector W.H. Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Shahab Haghayegh
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maurice M. Ohayon
- Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center (SSERC), School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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48
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Bashkin O, Davidovitch N, Asna N, Schwartz D, Dopelt K. The Organizational Atmosphere in Israeli Hospital during COVID-19: Concerns, Perceptions, and Burnout. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115544. [PMID: 34067309 PMCID: PMC8196839 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 crisis poses challenges to healthcare systems and requires micro- and macro-organizational adaptations. This study examined the organizational atmosphere in Israeli hospitals by evaluating workers’ perceptions and concerns about the COVID-19 crisis and its management. At the end of the pandemic’s first wave in Israel, 547 healthcare workers responded to an online survey, which inquired about COVID-19 concerns at the individual and family level, perceptions at the national and organizational level, perceptions of the way the crisis was managed, self-assessment of coping with the crisis and burnout, and demographics. Findings showed that healthcare workers expressed deep concerns for family members and apprehension at a national level. Respondents noted that they were coping well with the crisis while expressing negative perceptions of how the crisis was managed. A regression model showed that the low self-assessment of medical staff of coping with the crisis, deep concerns at the organizational level, negative perceptions of crisis management, and providing care for COVID-19 patients were predictors of burnout. The findings emphasize the importance of developing a supportive organizational culture for hospital workers. Awareness of their concerns and perceptions is essential to improve organizational culture and healthcare systems’ ability to continue fighting the virus and confront future health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osnat Bashkin
- Department of Public Health, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon 78211, Israel;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-54-797-0886
| | - Nadav Davidovitch
- Department of Health Systems Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Noam Asna
- Ziv Medical Center, Oncology Institute, Safed 13100, Israel;
| | - Doron Schwartz
- Risk Management Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84101, Israel;
| | - Keren Dopelt
- Department of Public Health, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon 78211, Israel;
- Department of Health Systems Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;
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Bliźniewska-Kowalska KM, Halaris A, Wang SC, Su KP, Maes M, Berk M, Gałecki P. A Review of the Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Public Mental Health, with a Comparison Between the USA, Australia, and Poland with Taiwan and Thailand. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e932220. [PMID: 33972496 PMCID: PMC8122850 DOI: 10.12659/msm.932220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus may have a negative impact not only on physical, but also on mental wellbeing. Despite the different approaches of countries to stop the spread of the virus and different infection rates, the dynamically developing pandemic has already affected the entire world. The consequences of the coronavirus for our mental health can be divided into those related to strategies for the prevention of infection, like isolation, quarantine, limitation of social contacts, and remote work, and those related to the direct impact of infection on our nervous system. This review aims to highlight the global effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on public mental health following social restrictions, to identify how infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may have direct neurophysiological effects and to compare the impact on public mental health between the USA, Australia, and Poland with Taiwan and Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelos Halaris
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shao-Cheng Wang
- Department of Forensic and Addiction Psychiatry, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab) and Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, The Department of Psychiatry, and The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Piotr Gałecki
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
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Santabárbara J, Bueno-Notivol J, Lipnicki DM, Olaya B, Pérez-Moreno M, Gracia-García P, Idoiaga-Mondragon N, Ozamiz-Etxebarria N. Prevalence of anxiety in health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid systematic review (on published articles in Medline) with meta-analysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 107:110244. [PMID: 33453320 PMCID: PMC9188432 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
During the COVID-19, healthcare workers are exposed to a higher risk of mental health problems, especially anxiety symptoms. The current work aims at contributing to an update of anxiety prevalence in this population by conducting a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis. Medline and Pubmed were searched for studies on the prevalence of anxiety in health care workers published from December 1, 2019 to September 15, 2020. In total, 71 studies were included in this study. The pooled prevalence of anxiety in healthcare workers was 25% (95% CI: 21%-29%), 27% in nurses (95% CI: 20%-34%), 17% in medical doctors (95% CI: 12%-22%) and 43% in frontline healthcare workers (95% CI: 25%-62%). Our results suggest that healthcare workers are experiencing significant levels of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially those on the frontline and nurses. However, international longitudinal studies are needed to fully understand the impact of the pandemic on healthcare workers' mental health, especially those working at the frontline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Santabárbara
- Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan Bueno-Notivol
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Darren M Lipnicki
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales Medicine, Randwick, Australia
| | - Beatriz Olaya
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain; Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain.
| | | | - Patricia Gracia-García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain; Psychiatry Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nahia Idoiaga-Mondragon
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Naiara Ozamiz-Etxebarria
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
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