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Asghari S, Bent J, Modir A, MacDonald A, Farrell A, Bethune C, Graham W. Building a learning health care community in rural and remote areas: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:1013. [PMID: 39223608 PMCID: PMC11370021 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A Learning Health Care Community (LHCC) is a framework to enhance health care through mutual accountability between the health care system and the community. LHCC components include infrastructure for health-related data capture, care improvement targets, a supportive policy environment, and community engagement. The LHCC involves health care providers, researchers, decision-makers, and community members who work to identify health care needs and address them with evidence-based solutions. The objective of this study was to summarize the barriers and enablers to building an LHCC in rural areas. METHODS A systematic review was conducted by searching electronic databases. Eligibility criteria was determined by the research team. Published literature on LHCCs in rural areas was systematically collected and organized. Screening was completed independently by two authors. Detailed information about rural health care, activities, and barriers and enablers to building an LHCC in rural areas was extracted. Qualitative analysis was used to identify core themes. RESULTS Among 8169 identified articles, 25 were eligible. LHCCs aimed to increase collaboration and co-learning between community members and health care providers, integrate community feedback in health care services, and to share information. Main barriers included obtaining adequate funding and participant recruitment. Enablers included meaningful engagement of stakeholders and stakeholder collaboration. CONCLUSIONS The LHCC is built on a foundation of meaningful use of health data and empowers health care practitioners and community members in informed decision-making. By reducing the gap between knowledge generation and its application to practice, the LHCC has the potential to transform health care delivery in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Asghari
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Newfoundland and Labrador, Centre for Rural Health Studies, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 300 Prince Philip Dr, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada.
| | - Jennifer Bent
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Newfoundland and Labrador, Centre for Rural Health Studies, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 300 Prince Philip Dr, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Ali Modir
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Newfoundland and Labrador, Centre for Rural Health Studies, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 300 Prince Philip Dr, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Alison MacDonald
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Newfoundland and Labrador, Centre for Rural Health Studies, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 300 Prince Philip Dr, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Alison Farrell
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, Canada
| | - Cheri Bethune
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Newfoundland and Labrador, Centre for Rural Health Studies, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 300 Prince Philip Dr, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Wendy Graham
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Newfoundland and Labrador, Centre for Rural Health Studies, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 300 Prince Philip Dr, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
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van Draanen J, Adwell A, Wettemann C, Fockele CE, Goh B, Perlmutter DL, Williams GW, Holland N, Frohe T. "You might be nice, but where you take me, they're not gonna be": Preferences for field-based post-overdose interventions. Drug Alcohol Rev 2024. [PMID: 39205432 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emergency medical services (EMS) systems are piloting interventions to respond to overdoses with additional services such as leave-behind naloxone and medication for opioid use disorder, but little is known about the perspectives of people who use drugs (PWUD) on these interventions being delivered by EMS during an overdose response. METHODS The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research guided the development of data collection tools, the analytic strategy and the organisation of results. A community engaged method was used which included both academically trained researchers and community trained researchers who are also PWUD. This study used semi-structured interviews to gather data from 13 PWUD in King County, Washington in June 2022. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The people interviewed for this study viewed EMS distribution of leave-behind naloxone and field-based buprenorphine favourably. They viewed EMS facilitation of hepatitis C virus and HIV testing in the field less favourably and were concerned about stigmas associated with those results. Additional themes emerged regarding: the need for different approaches to post-overdose care; the need for new services, including post-overdose trauma counselling and an alternative destination to the emergency department; and the harms of law enforcement presence at overdose responses. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This study found strong support for leave-behind naloxone and field-initiated buprenorphine. Further training for EMS should include trauma-informed care and strategies to address burnout and increase compassion. Alternatives to the emergency department as a post-overdose destination are needed. These strategies should be considered by jurisdictions revising overdose response protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna van Draanen
- Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Addy Adwell
- Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Courteney Wettemann
- Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Research with Expert Advisors on Drug Use, Seattle, USA
| | | | - Brenda Goh
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - David L Perlmutter
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | | | | | - Tessa Frohe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Sparks C, Hsu A, Neller SA, Eaton J, Thompson A, Wong B, Iacob E, Terrill AL, Caserta M, Stark L, Utz RL. Comparison of recruitment methodologies for clinical trials: Results from the time for living and caring (TLC) intervention study. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 140:107518. [PMID: 38554816 PMCID: PMC11072241 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recruiting participants for research studies is a critical yet challenging task. Community-engaged recruitment strategies have gained prominence as effective means to engage diverse populations and ensure the representativeness of study samples. This case study aims to investigate the cost and effectiveness of various recruitment methods in enhancing research participation. METHODS A comparative approach was employed to assess the outcomes of five different recruitment strategies used in the Time for Living & Caring (TLC) research study. Data on recruitment success, participant demographics, and retention rates were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics, including ANOVA and Chi-squares, to statistically compare the outcomes associated with 5 different recruitment methodologies. The recruitment methodologies included two community-engaged strategies (community partner referral and community-based recruiters), a clinical database, social media, and word-of-mouth referral. CONCLUSION The meta-data used to build this methodological case study describe different recruitment methodologies that may be used for clinical trials. This data-driven evaluation provides examples and considerations for researchers when developing budgets and proposals for future clinical trials. The primary finding is that there are tradeoffs in terms of cost, time, labor, and ultimately the representativeness of the sample, based on the type of recruitment methodology chosen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine Sparks
- Department of Occupational & Recreational Therapies, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
| | - Anna Hsu
- College of Social & Behavioral Science, University of Utah, 260 S Central Campus Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sarah A Neller
- College of Nursing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1412 Circle Dr., Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Jacqueline Eaton
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 S. 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Amber Thompson
- College of Social & Behavioral Science, University of Utah, 260 S Central Campus Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Bob Wong
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 S. 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Eli Iacob
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 S. 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alexandra L Terrill
- Department of Occupational & Recreational Therapies, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Michael Caserta
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 S. 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Louisa Stark
- School of Medicine, University of Utah, 30 N 1900 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Rebecca L Utz
- College of Social & Behavioral Science, University of Utah, 260 S Central Campus Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Park A, van Draanen J. Community-Partnered Research appraisal tool for conducting, reporting and assessing community-based research. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081625. [PMID: 38670613 PMCID: PMC11057323 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to develop an appraisal tool to support and promote clear, accurate and transparent standards and consistency when conducting, reporting and assessing community-based research. Design Current recommendations for developing reporting guidelines was used with three key differences: (1) an analysis of existing guides, principles and published literature about community engagement, involvement and participation in research using situational and relational maps; (2) feedback and pilot-testing by a community-based research team; and (3) testing the utility and usability of the appraisal tool. Results After a series of iterative revisions, the resulting Community-Partnered Research (CPR) appraisal tool emerged into three products: an elaborate prospective format, a basic retrospective format, and a supplemental checklist format. All three versions of the CPR appraisal tool consist of 11 main question items with corresponding prompts aimed to facilitate awareness, accountability, and transparency about processes and practices employed by professional researchers and community co-researchers throughout four phases of research: (1) partnership and planning, (2) methods, (3) results and (4) sustainment. Conclusion We hope that introducing this tool will contribute to shifting individual and systematic processes and practices towards equitable partnerships, mutual trustworthiness and empowerment among professional researchers and community co-researchers and, in turn, improving the quality of co-created knowledge that benefits communities and creates social change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery Park
- University of Washington - Seattle Campus, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jenna van Draanen
- Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing; Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Scheffey K, Avelis J, Patel M, Oon AL, Evans C, Glanz K. Use of Community Engagement Studios to Adapt a Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Study of Social Incentives and Physical Activity for the STEP Together Study. Health Promot Pract 2024; 25:285-292. [PMID: 35899691 PMCID: PMC10183149 DOI: 10.1177/15248399221113863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity is known to contribute to good health, but most adults in the United States do not meet recommended physical activity guidelines. Social incentive interventions that leverage insights from behavioral economics have increased physical activity in short-term trials, but there is limited evidence of their effectiveness in community settings or their long-term effectiveness. The STEP Together study is a Hybrid Type 1 effectiveness-implementation study to address these evidence and implementation gaps. This paper describes the process of adapting study procedures prior to the effectiveness trial using Community Engagement (CE) Studios, facilitated meetings during which community members provide feedback on research projects. Six CE Studios were held with community members from the priority population. They were conducted remotely because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Fifteen liaisons representing 13 community organizations and 21 community members from different neighborhoods in Philadelphia participated. Three elements of the study design were modified based on feedback from the CE Studios: lowering the age requirement for an 'older adult', clarifying the definition of family members to include second-degree relatives, and adding a 6-month survey. These adaptations will improve the fit of the effectiveness trial to the local context and improve participant engagement and retention. CE Studios can be used to adapt intervention strategies and other aspects of study design during hybrid implementation-effectiveness trials. This approach was successfully used with remote online participation due to the COVID-19 pandemic and serves as a model for future community-engaged implementation research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jade Avelis
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mitesh Patel
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Ascension Health, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ai Leen Oon
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Karen Glanz
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Zaidi M, Fantasia HC, Penders R, Koren A, Enah C. Increasing U.S. Maternal Health Equity Among Immigrant Populations Through Community Engagement. Nurs Womens Health 2024; 28:11-22. [PMID: 38072010 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Immigrant women in the United States are at an elevated risk of poor maternal health outcomes due to cultural, linguistic, or socioeconomic barriers that may lead to critical delays in obtaining adequate health care. Ensuring access to high-quality, culturally appropriate perinatal health care is crucial to improve the health and well-being of immigrant mothers and their children. Various aspects of perinatal health care for immigrant women can be improved through community engagement strategies. Barriers can be addressed by involving community members in designing and delivering culturally appropriate maternal health services. Some strategies discussed in this commentary include working with community health workers, encouraging telehealth through community health workers, providing breastfeeding and mental health support within cultural norms, and involving community-based doulas and midwives.
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Summerville J, Farahani N, Yalavarthi B, Aboul-Hassan D, Rajgarhia S, Xiao LZ, Yu C, Clauw DJ, Kahlenberg JM, DeJonckheere M, Bergmans RS. A qualitative study on opportunities to improve research engagement and inclusion of Black adults with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2024; 33:58-67. [PMID: 38047461 PMCID: PMC10842866 DOI: 10.1177/09612033231220168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
In response to racial inequities in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we aimed to identify practical recommendations for increasing engagement and inclusion of Black adults in SLE research. We used a qualitative, interpretive description approach and recruited 30 Black adults diagnosed with SLE in Michigan to participate in semi-structured interviews. Theme development focused on what factors influenced research perceptions and how research did not meet participant needs and expectations. We developed five main themes: (1) Ethical and equitable research. Participants shared how the impacts of past and present-day racism impacted their willingness to participate in research. (2) Trusting researchers to conduct studies and translate findings to health care. Participants had concerns related to researcher intentions and expressed the importance of communicating research outcomes to participants and translating findings to health care. (3) Drug trial beneficence. When considering drug trials, several people did not consider the potential benefits worth the risk of side effects, and some said they would need to consult with their doctor before agreeing to participate. (4) Altruism. Participants explained how the desire to help others was a motivating factor for participating in research and donating biological samples. (5) Research priorities. Participants described a need for better treatments that value their overall health and well-being. Findings indicate that researchers can center the perspectives of Black people with SLE across the research life cycle-beyond a focus on adequate racial diversity among study participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johari Summerville
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nikki Farahani
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Bhaavna Yalavarthi
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Deena Aboul-Hassan
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sia Rajgarhia
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lillian Z. Xiao
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Christine Yu
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Daniel J. Clauw
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - J. Michelle Kahlenberg
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Melissa DeJonckheere
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Family Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rachel S. Bergmans
- University of Michigan, Medical School, Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Braxton ME, Nwabichie E, Diaz M, Lish E, Ayers SL, Williams AN, Tornel M, McKim P, Treichel J, Knowler WC, Olson ML, Shaibi GQ. Preventing diabetes in Latino families: A protocol for a randomized control trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 135:107361. [PMID: 37852533 PMCID: PMC10790650 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latino families are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes (T2D) and lifestyle intervention is the first-line approach for preventing T2D. The purpose of this study is to test the efficacy of a culturally-grounded lifestyle intervention that prioritizes health promotion and diabetes prevention for Latino families. The intervention is guided by a novel Family Diabetes Prevention Model, leveraging the family processes of engagement, empowerment, resilience, and cohesion to orient the family system towards health. METHOD Latino families (N = 132) will be recruited and assessed for glucose tolerance as measured by an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and General and Weight-Specific Quality of Life (QoL) at baseline, four months, and 12 months. All members of the household age 10 and over will be invited to participate. Families will be randomized to the intervention group or a control group (2:1). The 16-week intervention includes weekly nutrition and wellness classes delivered by bilingual, bicultural Registered Dietitians and community health educators at a local YMCA along with two days/week of supervised physical activity classes and a third day of unsupervised physical activity. Control families will meet with a physician and a Registered Dietitian to discuss the results of their metabolic testing and recommend lifestyle changes. We will test the efficacy of a family-focused diabetes prevention intervention for improving glucose tolerance and increasing QoL and test for mediators and moderators of long-term changes. CONCLUSION This study will provide much needed data on the efficacy of a family-focused Diabetes Prevention Program among high-risk Latino families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E Braxton
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, USA
| | - Eucharia Nwabichie
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, USA
| | - Monica Diaz
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, USA; Ivy Center for Family Wellness, The Society of St Vincent de Paul, USA
| | - Elvia Lish
- Ivy Center for Family Wellness, The Society of St Vincent de Paul, USA
| | - Stephanie L Ayers
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, USA
| | - Allison N Williams
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, USA
| | - Mayra Tornel
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, USA
| | | | | | - William C Knowler
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, USA
| | - Micah L Olson
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, USA; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Phoenix Children's Hospital, USA
| | - Gabriel Q Shaibi
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, USA; Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, USA; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Phoenix Children's Hospital, USA.
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Lopez-Suarez N, Abraham P, Carney M, Castro AA, Narayan AK, Willis M, Spalluto LB, Flores EJ. Practical Approaches to Advancing Health Equity in Radiology, From the AJR Special Series on DEI. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2023; 221:7-16. [PMID: 36629307 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.22.28783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in health care, many patients from medically under-served populations are impacted by existing health care disparities. Radiologists are uniquely positioned to decrease health disparities and advance health equity efforts in their practices. However, literature on practical tools for advancing radiology health equity efforts applicable to a wide variety of patient populations and care settings is lacking. Therefore, this article seeks to equip radiologists with an evidence-based and practical knowledge tool kit of health equity strategies, presented in terms of four pillars of research, clinical care, education, and innovation. For each pillar, equity efforts across diverse patient populations and radiology practice settings are examined through the lens of existing barriers, current best practices, and future directions, incorporating practical examples relevant to a spectrum of patient populations. Health equity efforts provide an opportune window to transform radiology through personalized care delivery that is responsive to diverse patient needs. Guided by compassion and empathy as core principles of health equity, the four pillars provide a helpful framework to advance health equity efforts as a step toward social justice in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Lopez-Suarez
- Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamón, PR
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, AUS-202, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Peter Abraham
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Madeline Carney
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, AUS-202, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Arlin A Castro
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, AUS-202, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Anand K Narayan
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Marc Willis
- Department of Radiology, Stanford Radiology, Redwood City, CA
| | - Lucy B Spalluto
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Efrén J Flores
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, AUS-202, Boston, MA 02114
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Tamlyn AL, Tjilos M, Bosch NA, Barnett KG, Perkins RB, Walkey A, Assoumou SA, Linas BP, Drainoni M. At the intersection of trust and mistrust: A qualitative analysis of motivators and barriers to research participation at a safety-net hospital. Health Expect 2023; 26:1118-1126. [PMID: 36896842 PMCID: PMC10154811 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The underrepresentation of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) individuals in healthcare research limits generalizability and contributes to healthcare inequities. Existing barriers and attitudes toward research participation must be addressed to increase the representation of safety net and other underserved populations. METHODS We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with patients at an urban safety net hospital, focusing on facilitators, barriers, motivators, and preferences for research participation. We conducted direct content analysis guided by an implementation framework and used rapid analysis methods to generate final themes. RESULTS We completed 38 interviews and identified six major themes related to preferences for engagement in research participation: (1) wide variation in research recruitment preferences; (2) logistical complexity negatively impacts willingness to participate; (3) risk contributes to hesitation toward research participation; (4) personal/community benefit, interest in study topic, and compensation serve as motivators for research participation; (5) continued participation despite reported shortcomings of informed consent process; and (6) mistrust could be overcome by relationship or credibility of information sources. CONCLUSION Despite barriers to participation in research studies among safety-net populations, there are also facilitators that can be implemented to increase knowledge and comprehension, ease of participation, and willingness to join research studies. Study teams should vary recruitment and participation methods to ensure equal access to research opportunities. PATIENT/PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Our analysis methods and study progress were presented to individuals within the Boston Medical Center healthcare system. Through this process community engagement specialists, clinical experts, research directors, and others with significant experience working with safety-net populations supported data interpretation and provided recommendations for action following the dissemination of data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Tjilos
- Boston Medical Center, Section of Infectious DiseaseBostonMAUSA
| | - Nicholas A. Bosch
- Boston Medical Center, The Pulmonary Center, Department of MedicineBostonMAUSA
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, & Critical Care, Department of MedicineBostonMAUSA
| | - Katherine Gergen Barnett
- Boston Medical Center, Department of Family MedicineBostonMAUSA
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Family MedicineBostonMAUSA
- Harvard Center for Primary Care, Center for Primary CareBostonMAUSA
- Aspen Health InnovationWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Rebecca B. Perkins
- Boston Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyBostonMAUSA
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyBostonMAUSA
| | - Allan Walkey
- Boston Medical Center, The Pulmonary Center, Department of MedicineBostonMAUSA
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep, & Critical Care, Department of MedicineBostonMAUSA
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law Policy & ManagementBostonMAUSA
| | - Sabrina A. Assoumou
- Boston Medical Center, Section of Infectious DiseaseBostonMAUSA
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Section of Infectious Disease Department of MedicineBostonMAUSA
| | - Benjamin P. Linas
- Boston Medical Center, Section of Infectious DiseaseBostonMAUSA
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Section of Infectious Disease Department of MedicineBostonMAUSA
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of EpidemiologyBostonMAUSA
| | - Mari‐Lynn Drainoni
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law Policy & ManagementBostonMAUSA
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Section of Infectious Disease Department of MedicineBostonMAUSA
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Milton AJ, Flores EJ, Charles EF, Elezaby MA, Ward EC, Lee CI, Woods RW, Martin Rother MD, Strigel RM, Narayan AK. Community-based Participatory Research: A Practical Guide for Radiologists. Radiographics 2023; 43:e220145. [PMID: 37104126 PMCID: PMC10190132 DOI: 10.1148/rg.220145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is defined by the Kellogg Community Health Scholars Program as a collaborative process that equitably involves all partners in the research process and recognizes the unique strengths that each community member brings. The CBPR process begins with a research topic of importance to the community, with the goal of combining knowledge and action with social change to improve community health and eliminate health disparities. CBPR engages and empowers affected communities to collaborate in defining the research question; sharing the study design process; collecting, analyzing, and disseminating the data; and implementing solutions. A CBPR approach in radiology has several potential applications, including removing limitations to high-quality imaging, improving secondary prevention, identifying barriers to technology access, and increasing diversity in the research participation for clinical trials. The authors provide an overview with the definitions of CBPR, explain how to conduct CBPR, and illustrate its applications in radiology. Finally, the challenges of CBPR and useful resources are discussed in detail. ©RSNA, 2023 Quiz questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arissa J. Milton
- From the Department of Radiology (M.A.E., R.W.W., M.D.M.R., R.M.S.,
A.K.N.), School of Medicine and Public Health (A.J.M, E.F.C.), University of
Wisconsin–Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (E.J.F.); Department
of Family Medicine and Nursing, School of Nursing, University of
Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W.); Department of Radiology, School
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.I.L.); and Carbone
Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W,
R.M.S, A.K.N.)
| | - Efrén J. Flores
- From the Department of Radiology (M.A.E., R.W.W., M.D.M.R., R.M.S.,
A.K.N.), School of Medicine and Public Health (A.J.M, E.F.C.), University of
Wisconsin–Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (E.J.F.); Department
of Family Medicine and Nursing, School of Nursing, University of
Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W.); Department of Radiology, School
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.I.L.); and Carbone
Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W,
R.M.S, A.K.N.)
| | - Eden F. Charles
- From the Department of Radiology (M.A.E., R.W.W., M.D.M.R., R.M.S.,
A.K.N.), School of Medicine and Public Health (A.J.M, E.F.C.), University of
Wisconsin–Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (E.J.F.); Department
of Family Medicine and Nursing, School of Nursing, University of
Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W.); Department of Radiology, School
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.I.L.); and Carbone
Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W,
R.M.S, A.K.N.)
| | - Mai A. Elezaby
- From the Department of Radiology (M.A.E., R.W.W., M.D.M.R., R.M.S.,
A.K.N.), School of Medicine and Public Health (A.J.M, E.F.C.), University of
Wisconsin–Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (E.J.F.); Department
of Family Medicine and Nursing, School of Nursing, University of
Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W.); Department of Radiology, School
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.I.L.); and Carbone
Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W,
R.M.S, A.K.N.)
| | - Earlise C. Ward
- From the Department of Radiology (M.A.E., R.W.W., M.D.M.R., R.M.S.,
A.K.N.), School of Medicine and Public Health (A.J.M, E.F.C.), University of
Wisconsin–Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (E.J.F.); Department
of Family Medicine and Nursing, School of Nursing, University of
Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W.); Department of Radiology, School
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.I.L.); and Carbone
Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W,
R.M.S, A.K.N.)
| | - Christoph I. Lee
- From the Department of Radiology (M.A.E., R.W.W., M.D.M.R., R.M.S.,
A.K.N.), School of Medicine and Public Health (A.J.M, E.F.C.), University of
Wisconsin–Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (E.J.F.); Department
of Family Medicine and Nursing, School of Nursing, University of
Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W.); Department of Radiology, School
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.I.L.); and Carbone
Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W,
R.M.S, A.K.N.)
| | - Ryan W. Woods
- From the Department of Radiology (M.A.E., R.W.W., M.D.M.R., R.M.S.,
A.K.N.), School of Medicine and Public Health (A.J.M, E.F.C.), University of
Wisconsin–Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (E.J.F.); Department
of Family Medicine and Nursing, School of Nursing, University of
Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W.); Department of Radiology, School
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.I.L.); and Carbone
Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W,
R.M.S, A.K.N.)
| | - Maria D. Martin Rother
- From the Department of Radiology (M.A.E., R.W.W., M.D.M.R., R.M.S.,
A.K.N.), School of Medicine and Public Health (A.J.M, E.F.C.), University of
Wisconsin–Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (E.J.F.); Department
of Family Medicine and Nursing, School of Nursing, University of
Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W.); Department of Radiology, School
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.I.L.); and Carbone
Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W,
R.M.S, A.K.N.)
| | - Roberta M. Strigel
- From the Department of Radiology (M.A.E., R.W.W., M.D.M.R., R.M.S.,
A.K.N.), School of Medicine and Public Health (A.J.M, E.F.C.), University of
Wisconsin–Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (E.J.F.); Department
of Family Medicine and Nursing, School of Nursing, University of
Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W.); Department of Radiology, School
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.I.L.); and Carbone
Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W,
R.M.S, A.K.N.)
| | - Anand K. Narayan
- From the Department of Radiology (M.A.E., R.W.W., M.D.M.R., R.M.S.,
A.K.N.), School of Medicine and Public Health (A.J.M, E.F.C.), University of
Wisconsin–Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-3252; Department
of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass (E.J.F.); Department
of Family Medicine and Nursing, School of Nursing, University of
Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W.); Department of Radiology, School
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.I.L.); and Carbone
Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wis (E.C.W,
R.M.S, A.K.N.)
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The Stacked Community Engagement model: A practical model for developing community-engaged academic medical faculty. J Clin Transl Sci 2023; 7:e36. [PMID: 36845313 PMCID: PMC9947615 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2023.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is an increasing recognition of the benefits of sustained community engagement (CE) that accrue to academic health centers and the communities they serve. However, the success and sustainability of CE projects rely on the efforts of individual faculty, learners, and community members, for whom CE efforts are typically added to their professional and personal priorities and responsibilities. This competition for time and resources between priorities and CE can discourage academic medical faculty from participating in CE activities. The Stacked Community Engagement model is proposed to synergize or "stack" responsibilities and goals onto the scaffolding of CE projects. Methods We examined the literature and expert CE practitioner opinion to identify the challenges faced by community-engaged academic faculty and the key characteristics of CE projects that successfully align and integrate with the priorities of faculty, learners, and community members. We synthesized this information to develop the conceptual Stacked CE model for developing CE academic medical faculty, then illustrated the model in heterogeneous CE programs to explore its generalizability, validity, and robustness. Results The Stacked CE model, when applied to a specific nutrition education program (The Food Doctors) and outreach program (StreetLife Communities), provided a practical framework for examining the sustained success of a partnership between Medical College of Wisconsin faculty and medical students and the community. Conclusions The Stacked CE model is a meaningful framework for developing community-engaged academic medical faculty. By identifying overlap and integrating CE into professional activities with intention, CE practitioners can benefit from the deeper connections and sustainability.
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13
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Developing and sustaining a community advisory committee to support, inform, and translate biomedical research. J Clin Transl Sci 2023; 7:e20. [PMID: 36755535 PMCID: PMC9879863 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2022.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Hallmark CC, Bohn K, Hallberg L, Croisant SA. Addressing institutional and community barriers to development and implementation of community-engaged research through competency-based academic and community training. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1070475. [PMID: 36711424 PMCID: PMC9877443 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1070475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) focuses on reducing barriers to effective translational research that rapidly translates science to clinical and community interventions to improve individual and community health. Community-Engaged Research (CEnR) plays a crucial role in this process by bridging gaps between research and practice. It effectively generates bi-directional knowledge and communication by engaging patients and communities throughout the translation research process. Skills development, however, is critical to enable investigators and communities to establish successful partnerships in research. While there are many independent CEnR education programs nationally, few curricula are mapped to identified domains and competencies. Assessment of current community engagement educational frameworks and competencies We located three comprehensive efforts to identify CEnR domains and competencies that we aligned to inform development of our curriculum, which we then mapped to these competencies. The first, undertaken by the NCATS Joint Workgroup on Researcher Training and Education and Community Capacity Building (JWG) was developed to assess training opportunities for academic researchers and community partners to increase their capacity to meaningfully engage collaborators in translational research. The JWG identified curricula, resources, tools, strategies, and models for innovative training programs and community engagement in all stages of research. It also conducted a gap analysis of deficiencies in available resources. Using Competency Mapping, they developed a framework for curriculum mapping that included eight domains, each with two to five competencies of knowledge, attitudes, and skills. The second aligned community-engaged research competencies with online training resources across the CTSA consortium, while the third was focused on Dissemination and Implementation training. Actionable recommendations Further informed by a conceptual model to advance health equity, we have adapted and integrated these components into a set of modules designed to educate and empower investigators, trainees, students, and community partners to engage in effective CEnR. Discussion This curriculum fills an important gap in our workforce development and helps to meet needs of our community partners. Following program evaluation and validation, we will offer the curriculum for use and further evaluation by other groups interested in using or adapting it for their own programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Claire Hallmark
- The Institute for Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Krista Bohn
- The Institute for Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Lance Hallberg
- The Institute for Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Sealy Center for Environmental Health and Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Sharon A. Croisant
- The Institute for Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Sealy Center for Environmental Health and Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public and Population Health, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
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15
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Fidler DJ, Riggs N, Esbensen AJ, Jackson-Cook C, Rosser T, Cohen A. Outreach and Engagement Efforts in Research on Down Syndrome: An NIH INCLUDE Working Group Consensus Statement. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 63:247-267. [PMID: 36545326 PMCID: PMC9762205 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irrdd.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The National Institutes of Health formulated the Outreach and Engagement Working Group in Fall of 2019 to support the objectives of the INCLUDE Project (INvestigation of Co-occurring conditions across the Lifespan to Understand Down syndromE). This Working Group consisted of a multi-disciplinary team of stakeholders in research on Down syndrome that met to discuss best practices for outreach and engagement to Down syndrome communities, with an emphasis on representation and diversity. This review and consensus paper describes the importance of increasing representation in DS research for future cohort building and summarizes the priority issues identified by the Working Group members. An overview of Working Group activities is then presented, followed by consensus recommendations and a discussion of future opportunities and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna J Esbensen
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Campus, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Annie Cohen
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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16
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Trinkley KE, Ho PM, Glasgow RE, Huebschmann AG. How Dissemination and Implementation Science Can Contribute to the Advancement of Learning Health Systems. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2022; 97:1447-1458. [PMID: 35796045 PMCID: PMC9547828 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000004801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many health systems are working to become learning health systems (LHSs), which aim to improve the value of health care by rapidly, continuously generating evidence to apply to practice. However, challenges remain to advance toward the aspirational goal of becoming a fully mature LHS. While some important challenges have been well described (i.e., building system-level supporting infrastructure and the accessibility of inclusive, integrated, and actionable data), other key challenges are underrecognized, including balancing evaluation rapidity with rigor, applying principles of health equity and classic ethics, focusing on external validity and reproducibility (generalizability), and designing for sustainability. Many LHSs focus on continuous learning cycles, but with limited consideration of issues related to the rapidity of these learning cycles, as well as the sustainability or generalizability of solutions. Some types of data have been consistently underrepresented, including patient-reported outcomes and preferences, social determinants, and behavioral and environmental data, the absence of which can exacerbate health disparities. A promising approach to addressing many challenges that LHSs face may be found in dissemination and implementation (D&I) science. With an emphasis on multilevel dynamic contextual factors, representation of implementation partner engagement, pragmatic research, sustainability, and generalizability, D&I science methods can assist in overcoming many of the challenges facing LHSs. In this article, the authors describe the current state of LHSs and challenges to becoming a mature LHS, propose solutions to current challenges, focusing on the contributions of D&I science with other methods, and propose key components and characteristics of a mature LHS model that others can use to plan and develop their LHSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy E Trinkley
- K.E. Trinkley is associate professor, Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Medicine and Adult and Child Consortium for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (ACCORDS), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, and clinical informaticist, Department of Clinical Informatics, UCHealth, Aurora, Colorado; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2041-7404
| | - P Michael Ho
- P.M. Ho is professor, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, and professor, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7775-6266
| | - Russell E Glasgow
- R.E. Glasgow is research professor, Department of Family Medicine, and director, Dissemination and Implementation Science Program, ACCORDS, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4218-3231
| | - Amy G Huebschmann
- A.G. Huebschmann is associate professor, Division of General Internal Medicine, ACCORDS and Ludeman Family Center for Women's Health Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9329-3142
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17
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Trout Fryxell RT, Camponovo M, Smith B, Butefish K, Rosenberg JM, Andsager JL, Day CA, Willis MP. Development of a Community-Driven Mosquito Surveillance Program for Vectors of La Crosse Virus to Educate, Inform, and Empower a Community. INSECTS 2022; 13:164. [PMID: 35206737 PMCID: PMC8880676 DOI: 10.3390/insects13020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The fields of entomology, geospatial science, and science communication are understaffed in many areas, resulting in poor community awareness and heightened risks of vector-borne diseases. This is especially true in East Tennessee, where La Crosse encephalitis (LACE) causes pediatric illness each year. In response to these problems, we created a community engagement program that includes a yearlong academy for secondary STEM educators in the 6-12 grade classroom. The objectives of this program were to support inquiry-driven classroom learning to foster student interest in STEM fields, produce community-driven mosquito surveillance, and enhance community awareness of LACE. We trained educators in medical entomology, geospatial science, and science communication, and they incorporated those skills into lesson plans for a mosquito oviposition experiment that tested hypotheses developed in the classroom. Here, we share results from the first two years of the MEGA:BITESS academy, tailored for our community by having students ask questions directly related to Aedes mosquito oviposition biology and La Crosse encephalitis. In year one, we recruited 17 educators to participate in the project, and 15 of those educators returned in year two. All participating educators completed the academy, conducted the oviposition experiment, and informed over 400 students about a variety of careers and disciplines for their students. Here, we present a community-based program that helps to address the problems associated with long-term mosquito surveillance, health and science education and communication, career opportunities, and the community needs of Appalachia, as well as the initial data on the effectiveness of two years of an educator-targeted professional-development program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca T. Trout Fryxell
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Michael Camponovo
- Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Brian Smith
- Jefferson Middle School, Oak Ridge Anderson County School District, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA;
- Tennessee Geographic Alliance, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Kurt Butefish
- Tennessee Geographic Alliance, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Joshua M. Rosenberg
- Department of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Julie L. Andsager
- School of Journalism & Electronic Media, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Corey A. Day
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Micah P. Willis
- Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communications, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
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Speaking Softly and Listening Hard: The Process of Involving Young Voices from a Culturally and Linguistically Diverse School in Child Health Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115808. [PMID: 34071425 PMCID: PMC8198054 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of young people in the planning of research continues to be rare, particularly for young people from culturally and linguistically diverse communities. This paper describes our experience in establishing a Youth Research Advisory Group (YRAG) in South West Sydney (SWS), including barriers and successful strategies. One hundred and fifteen students between school Years 7 and 12 (ages 11–18) took part in at least one of five sessions between 2019 and 2021. In total, we carried out 26 YRAG sessions, with between five and 30 students in each. Sessions focused on mapping the health priorities of the participants and co-developing research project proposals related to their health priorities. Our work with students revealed that their main areas of concern were mental health and stress. This led to material changes in our research strategy, to include “Mental Health” as a new research stream and co-develop new mental health-related projects with the students. Important strategies that enabled our research included maintaining flexibility to work seamlessly with organisational and individual preferences, and ensuring our processes were directed by the schools and—most importantly—the students themselves. Strategies such as maintaining an informal context, responding rapidly to student preference, and regularly renegotiating access enabled us to engage with the students to deepen our understanding of their experiences.
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