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Yang H, Chen L, Ye D, Wu Y, Zhang H. Oral Health and Its Associated Factors Among the Elderly in the Emergency Department: A Latent Class Analysis. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:3141-3153. [PMID: 39006876 PMCID: PMC11244057 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s469086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to investigate latent classes of oral health and the factors associated with them in acutely admitted elderly inpatients. Patients and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using purposive sampling to survey Chinese older-adult acutely inpatients. Data was collected utilizing several instruments, including a general information questionnaire, Brief Oral Health Status Examination (BOHSE), Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8), Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF), and Frailty Screening Questionnaire (FSQ). Latent class analysis was applied to identify distinct categories of oral health among elderly inpatients, and multinomial logistic regression was employed to analyze the factors associated with different oral health categories. Results In this study, a total of 504 elderly patients were ultimately included, leading to the identification of three latent classes of oral health: "oral health-low level group (41.27%)", "oral health-moderate level group (25.4%)", and "oral health-high level group (33.33%)". The findings revealed that patients with advanced age, elevated neutrophil percentage, and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) values were more likely to be classified in the low oral health group. Additionally, individuals experiencing malnutrition and frailty had a higher risk of falling into the low oral health category. Those with comorbidities and oral frailty were more prevalent in the moderate oral health group. At the same time, elderly patients with higher BMI (22.95±3.043) ratios were more likely to be categorized in the high oral health group. Conclusion This study sheds light on three distinct latent classes of oral health among acutely admitted elderly inpatients. These findings underscore the importance of healthcare professionals focusing on the assessment and health education of elderly patients' oral health. Furthermore, personalized interventions should be developed to promote healthy aging, with particularly attention to enhancing oral health outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yang
- Department of Nursing, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Department of Nursing, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, People's Republic of China
| | - Danjuan Ye
- Department of Nursing, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Nursing, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huafang Zhang
- Department of Nursing, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, People's Republic of China
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Arbildo-Vega HI, Cruzado-Oliva FH, Coronel-Zubiate FT, Aguirre-Ipenza R, Meza-Málaga JM, Luján-Valencia SA, Luján-Urviola E, Farje-Gallardo CA. Association between Periodontal Disease and Obesity: Umbrella Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:621. [PMID: 38674267 PMCID: PMC11051919 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Determine the association between periodontal disease (PD) and obesity through an umbrella review. Materials and Methods: A search for information until March 2024 was carried out in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane library, Scopus, SciELO, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Proquest Dissertations and Theses, and OpenGrey. We included studies that were systematic reviews (SR) with or without meta-analysis, without time or language restrictions, that evaluated primary studies that associated PD with obesity. Literary or narrative reviews, rapid reviews, intervention studies, observational studies, preclinical and basic research, summaries, comments, case reports, protocols, personal opinions, letters, and posters were excluded. The AMSTAR-2 tool was used to determine the quality and overall confidence of the included studies. Results: The preliminary search yielded a total of 419 articles, discarding those that did not meet the selection criteria, leaving only 14 articles. All studies reported that PD was associated with obesity, with an OR and RR ranging from 1.1 to 1.46 and 1.64 to 2.21, respectively. Conclusions: Based on the results and conclusions of the SR with a high overall confidence level, PD is associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heber Isac Arbildo-Vega
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dentistry School, San Martin de Porres University, Chiclayo 14012, Peru;
- Faculty of Human Medicine, Human Medicine School, San Martín de Porres University, Chiclayo 14012, Peru
| | - Fredy Hugo Cruzado-Oliva
- Faculty of Stomatology, Stomatology School, Nacional University of Trujillo, Trujillo 13001, Peru;
| | - Franz Tito Coronel-Zubiate
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Stomatology School, Toribio Rodríguez of Mendoza National University of Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru; (F.T.C.-Z.); (C.A.F.-G.)
| | | | - Joan Manuel Meza-Málaga
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dentistry School, Catholic University of Santa Maria, Arequipa 04013, Peru; (J.M.M.-M.); (S.A.L.-V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Medicine School, Catholic University of Santa Maria, Arequipa 04013, Peru
| | - Sara Antonieta Luján-Valencia
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dentistry School, Catholic University of Santa Maria, Arequipa 04013, Peru; (J.M.M.-M.); (S.A.L.-V.)
- Postgraduate School, Catholic University of Santa Maria, Arequipa 04013, Peru
| | - Eduardo Luján-Urviola
- Faculty of Dentistry, Néstor Cáceres Velásquez Andean University, Juliaca 21104, Peru;
| | - Carlos Alberto Farje-Gallardo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Stomatology School, Toribio Rodríguez of Mendoza National University of Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru; (F.T.C.-Z.); (C.A.F.-G.)
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Zhu Y, Guan X, Geng X, Du Y, Jin S, Liu J. The signaling pathways involved in non-coding RNA regulation during osteogenic differentiation of periodontal tissue-derived cells in the field of periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:18-31. [PMID: 37961979 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a prevalent oral disease caused by chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues surrounding the teeth, which can lead to bone loss, tooth loosening, and even tooth loss. This inflammation has a negative impact on the osteogenic differentiation capacity of periodontal tissue-derived cells. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules that do not encode proteins but can regulate various physiological processes. In this review, we summarized the critical signaling pathways that ncRNAs modulate in osteogenic differentiation of periodontal tissue-derived cells, such as the Wnt, BMP/Smad, NF-κB, and PI3-K/Akt/mTOR pathways. This comprehensive exploration of ncRNA-mediated modulation offers fresh and promising insights for prospective approaches in the management of periodontitis and the advancement of periodontal regeneration therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinci Zhu
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guan
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaorui Geng
- Department of Otolaryngology. Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanhang Du
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Suhan Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Higher Education Institution, Zunyi, China
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Ghanem AS, Móré M, Nagy AC. Assessing the impact of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors on oral health: a cross-sectional study in the Hungarian population. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1276758. [PMID: 37927886 PMCID: PMC10623121 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1276758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral health, a critical aspect of overall well-being, is influenced by various sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, with poor oral health associated with systemic diseases and diminished quality of life. Methods This cross-sectional study leverages data from the Hungarian European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) representative of the Hungarian population, to conduct a comprehensive examination of the intersection between these factors and oral health, aiming to identify potential risk factors and contribute to the development of targeted interventions. The research examined associations between sociodemographic/lifestyle factors and oral health. Statistical techniques included Pearson's Chi-square test, multivariate and ordinal logistic regression analyses. Weighting was applied to assure the representativeness of the population and enhance the validity of the survey results. Results The study identifies gender, age, education, financial status, smoking, and self-perceived oral health as key factors influencing oral health outcomes. Notably, regular dental visits significantly reduced the risk of poor oral health and caries. Females, non-smokers, university graduates, high-income individuals, and those with good self-perceived health had fewer missing teeth and better self-perceived oral health. Teeth extractions due to decay, especially when not replaced, significantly increased the perception of poor oral health, while regular dental visits improved it. Discussion The study highlights the need for personalized oral health interventions considering the different sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, along with promotion of healthy lifestyle, more frequent dental office visits and equitable dental care access. The findings offer the potential to inform regional oral health policies and prevention strategies, improving oral health and overall wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Sayed Ghanem
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Informatics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Marianna Móré
- Institute of Social and Sociological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | - Attila Csaba Nagy
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Informatics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Arslan ZB. Evaluation of the Relationship Between Oral Health and Body Mass Index. Eurasian J Med 2023; 55:259-262. [PMID: 37909201 PMCID: PMC10724796 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2023.23272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study is to evaluate oral health comparatively in four different groups separated according to body mass index (BMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 352 patients who applied for different dental reasons were divided into groups according to BMI and examined radiologically. The incidence of oral health parameters (dental caries, alveolar bone loss, tooth loss, and periapical lesion) was evaluated. RESULTS While there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of caries, alveolar bone loss, and tooth loss (P < .05), there was no difference in the incidence of periapical lesions (P > .05). CONCLUSION Obese individuals have a higher prevalence of alveolar bone loss, caries, and tooth loss. These results show that an above-normal BMI is an important factor that can negatively affect oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Betül Arslan
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Türkiye
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Gibson AA, Cox E, Gale J, Craig ME, Eberhard J, King S, Chow CK, Colagiuri S, Nassar N. Oral health status and risk of incident diabetes: a prospective cohort study of 213,389 individuals aged 45 and over. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 202:110821. [PMID: 37453513 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To examine whether simple measures of oral health are associated with incident diabetes. METHODS This prospective cohort study linked data from the 45 and Up Study, Australia, to administrative health records. The study participants were 213,389 men and women, aged ≥ 45 years, with no diabetes at baseline. The oral health of participants was assessed by questionnaire. Incident diabetes cases were ascertained based on self-report in follow-up questionnaires, linked data on medical and pharmaceutical claims, and hospitalisation data up until 2019. The association between oral health and incident diabetes were calculated using multivariable cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS During 2,232,215 person-years of follow-up, 20,487 (9.6%) participants developed diabetes. Compared with those with ≥20 teeth, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for incident diabetes was 1.12 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.08, 1.17) for 10-19 teeth, 1.20 (1.14, 1.26) for 1-9 teeth and 1.15 (1.09, 1.21) for no teeth. Compared with those with excellent/very good teeth and gums, the aHR for incident diabetes was 1.07 (1.03, 1.12) for fair and 1.13 (1.07, 1.20) for poor teeth and gums. CONCLUSIONS Simple measures of oral health were associated with risk of developing diabetes, demonstrating the potential importance of oral health screening for diabetes prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice A Gibson
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Emma Cox
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanne Gale
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria E Craig
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joerg Eberhard
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shalinie King
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Clara K Chow
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen Colagiuri
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natasha Nassar
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Child Population and Translational Health Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Abdolsamadi H, Poormoradi B, Yaghoubi G, Farhadian M, Jazaeri M. Relationship between body mass index and oral health indicators: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Transl Myol 2023. [PMID: 37013419 PMCID: PMC10388600 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2023.11259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Today's prevalence of obesity is dramatically increasing and a two-way interaction between higher body mass index (BMI) and oral health is described in scientific litterature. Accordingly, the present study was aimed to evaluate the relation of BMI and oral health indicators. In this cross-sectional study, 240 individuals according to their BMI were placed in the following experimental groups; underweight (BMI<18), normal weight (18≤BMI≤24.9), overweight (25≤BMI≤29.9) and obese (30≤BMI). Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and decayed, missed and filled teeth (DMFT) were obtained. Data was analyzed by SPSS 26 using descriptive tests and one-way ANOVA at the level of 0.05. The mean age and sex distribution of participants of experimental groups had no significant difference (p>0.05). GI and BOP were significantly lower in normal weight persons than individuals with high BMI (p<0.05). DMFT, the number of decayed, missed and filled teeth was approximately similar in all experimental groups (p>0.05). Pearson correlation coefficient showed a positive significant relation between GI as well as BOP with BMI (p=0.000). Based on the results achieved by the present study, although periodontal health status of overweight and obese individuals was significantly compromised compared to normal weight persons, the dental health status was not affected by BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Abdolsamadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
| | - Banafshe Poormoradi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
| | | | - Maryam Farhadian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
| | - Mina Jazaeri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan.
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Issrani R, Reddy J, Bader AK, Albalawi RFH, Alserhani EDM, Alruwaili DSR, Alanazi GRA, Alruwaili NSR, Sghaireen MG, Rao K. Exploring an Association between Body Mass Index and Oral Health-A Scoping Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050902. [PMID: 36900046 PMCID: PMC10000970 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal metabolic index (BMI) is a unique anthropometric indicator used to define the relative amount of body fat on an individual's frame. There are many diseases and conditions associated with obesity and underweight. Recent research trials suggest that there is a significant association between oral health indicators and BMI as both are attributed to common risk factors such as dietary, genetic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle issues. OBJECTIVES The main objective of this review paper is to emphasize the association between BMI and oral health with available literature evidence. METHODOLOGY A literature search was conducted using multiple databases comprising of MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science. The terms used for the search were "body mass index", "periodontitis", "dental caries", and "tooth loss". RESULTS In total, 2839 articles were obtained from the analysis of the databases. Unrelated articles from the available full text of 1135 articles were excluded. The main reasons for excluding the articles were: they were dietary guidelines and policy statements. A total of 66 studies were finally included in the review. CONCLUSION The presence of dental caries, periodontitis and tooth loss may be associated with a higher BMI or obesity, whereas, improved oral health might be associated with lower BMI. Promoting general and oral health should be a hand in hand feature, as common risk factors can be embattled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Issrani
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, SBV University, Puducherry 607402, India
- Correspondence: or
| | - Jagat Reddy
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, SBV University, Puducherry 607402, India
| | - Alzarea K. Bader
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mohammed Ghazi Sghaireen
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Krishna Rao
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
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Tanaka H, Nakano M, Kuriki K. Associations with oral health indices for obesity risk among Japanese men and women: results from the baseline data of a cohort study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1595. [PMID: 35996123 PMCID: PMC9396811 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral health is composed of various oral health indices (OHIs), such as oral self-care habits, oral hygiene, oral function, and mastication ability. Oral self-care habits have frequently been examined for obesity risk. This study aimed to comprehensively clarify the association between OHIs and obesity risk. Methods We collected data for 15 questions on the four OHIs and measured the body mass index of 3494 men and 2552 women aged 35–79 years. Obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. The four OHIs were scored by the corresponding questions (good as “reference”), and the summed score was defined as “comprehensive OHI”, that is, the fifth OHI. Each lowest tertile score was used as “reference”. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and p-values for trends were estimated. Results In the men and women, the ORs were 1.37 (1.11–1.67, < 0.01) and 2.48 (1.80–3.42, < 0.01) for oral self-care habits, and 1.78 (1.42–2.24, < 0.01) and 3.06 (2.12–4.43, < 0.01) for tooth brushing frequency, respectively. Moreover, in men, a significant trend was found for “harder rinsing out your mouth”, related to “oral function”. In women, the ORs were 1.74 (1.28–2.36, < 0.01) and 1.43 (1.00–2.06, < 0.01) for “comprehensive OHI” and “longer meal time” related to “mastication ability”, respectively. Conclusions Our findings showed that obesity risk was associated with poor of oral health, which were comprehensively composed of various OHIs, among middle-aged and older Japanese men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Tanaka
- Laboratory of Public Health, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Mirei Nakano
- Laboratory of Public Health, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Kuriki
- Laboratory of Public Health, Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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Alam BF, Abbasi N, Hussain T, Khan MA, Chaudhary MAG, Ijaz F. Relationship of BMI with the diet, physical activity and oral hygiene practices amongst the dental students. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:311. [PMID: 35902918 PMCID: PMC9330987 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regardless of attaining adequate knowledge regarding oral hygiene, physical activity, and healthy eating habits, dental students still face oral health problems. This study was aimed to assess the association of oral hygiene habits, physical activity, and eating habits with the BMI in the dental students.
Method This multi centric cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2021 in Pakistan. Three hundred and eighty-six study participants enrolled as undergraduate dental students, both males and females, were included in the study. A questionnaire used to gather data, was modified from a study conducted by Jouhar et al. Chi-square testing was used in order to assess the relationship between two categorical variables. Linear regression was performed to assess the association with putative confounders. Statistical significance was considered for p value < 0.05. Results Regarding brushing teeth, 57% of the underweight individuals brushed once daily, 69.8% of the healthy, 79.2% of overweight, and 48% of obese participants brushed twice. Horizontal brushing technique was performed by 50% of the underweight participants, followed by scrub technique. A soft bristled brush was frequently used by underweight (42.9%) and healthy (66%) individuals, while a medium textured bristle brush was used by overweight (62.3%) and obese (54.2%) participants. Majority of the underweight (64.3%), overweight (48.1%), and 45.8% of obese individuals had meals thrice a day, while healthy (62.3%) individuals had meals twice a day.
Conclusion This study further intensified the contributing role of having an excessive dietary intake and sugar consumption in causing obesity and dental caries. Findings from the current study, identify a statistically significant relationship that exists between BMI levels with oral hygiene, eating habits and the physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Fatima Alam
- Department of Oral Biology, Bahria University Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Nabeela Abbasi
- Department of Oral Biology, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Talib Hussain
- Department of Oral Biology, Women Medical and Dental College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Arshman Khan
- Department of Oral Biology, Abbottabad International Dental College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Faiza Ijaz
- Department of Oral Biology, Women Medical and Dental College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
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Park MS, Jeon J, Song TJ, Kim J. Association of periodontitis with microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus: A nationwide cohort study. J Diabetes Complications 2022; 36:108107. [PMID: 35063344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.108107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease and one of oral complications in diabetes. Diabetes-related microvascular complications and periodontitis are also closely related to systemic inflammation. We hypothesized that periodontitis and oral hygiene markers might increase the risk of microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus. METHODS We enrolled 11,353 diabetes participants without prior microvascular complications who received complete oral health checkups in the National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort in 2003-2004. The primary outcome was the first development of diabetes-related microvascular complications, including nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. RESULTS The age of all participants was 55.27 ± 9.46 years, and 7833 (68.99%) participants were male. Periodontitis was noted in 8.37%. During the 7.03 ± 4.30 year of the mean follow-up period, 7227 patients experienced diabetes-related microvascular complications (2645 with nephropathy, 2513 with neuropathy, 2069 with retinopathy). Multivariable Cox regression analyses revealed that periodontitis was an independent risk factor for diabetes-related microvascular complications (adjusted hazard ratio (HR):1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.04-1.23; p = 0.004). In the secondary analysis for individual microvascular complications, periodontitis was an independent risk factor for retinopathy (adjusted HR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.04-1.40; p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS The presence of periodontitis was associated with an increased risk of microvascular complications in diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moo-Seok Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Song
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinkwon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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