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Nezondet C, Gandrieau J, Bourrelier J, Nguyen P, Zunquin G. The Effectiveness of a Physical Literacy-Based Intervention for Increasing Physical Activity Levels and Improving Health Indicators in Overweight and Obese Adolescents (CAPACITES 64). CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:956. [PMID: 37371188 DOI: 10.3390/children10060956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the concept of Physical Literacy (PL) has emerged as a key concept for promoting active behavior and improving health indicators in adolescents. Overweight and obese adolescents have a low level of Physical Activity (PA), low cardiorespiratory capacity, and high Body Fat percentage (%BF). However, the development of PL in the interest of health improvement has never been studied in overweight and obese adolescents. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an intervention developing PL in overweight and obese adolescents in order to increase their (PA) and improve their health. The study was a prospective, single-arm, non-randomized interventional study. The intervention brings together different actions in PA and dietary education in different adolescent living environments. The study took place over a 9-month period with two data collection times (0; +9 months) and measured Body Mass Index (BMI) and BMI z score, %BF and Skeletal Muscle Mass (%SMM), Moderate-to-Vigorous intensity Physical Activity (MVPA) by accelerometry, CRF, as well as PL by the CAPL-2 tool. Thirteen adolescents (age 11.7 (±1.09) years old) improved their PL scores (+8.3 (±9.3) pts; p ≤ 0.01). BMI z score (-0.3 (±0.3), p ≤ 0.01), their %BF (-3.8 (±4.9); p ≤ 0.01), their CRF (+1.5 (±1.7) mL·min·kg-1; p ≤ 0.01), and their MVPA (+4.6 (±13.7) min/day; p = 0.36). Initiating multidimensional interventions to develop PL in overweight and obese adolescents may be a promising prospect to enable an increase in their MVPA and improve their long-term health. Longer-term randomized controlled interventional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Nezondet
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Equilibre, Performance, Santé (MEPS), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Campus Montaury, EA 4445, 64600 Anglet, France
| | - Joseph Gandrieau
- L'unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS), Université de Lille, URL 7369, 59000 Lille, France
- Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), UPR 6312, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Julien Bourrelier
- Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, INSERM UMR 1093, Université UFR STAPS Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Nguyen
- Departement "Unité Transversale des Activités Physiques pour la Santé" (UTAPS), Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque (CHCB), 64100 Bayonne, France
| | - Gautier Zunquin
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Equilibre, Performance, Santé (MEPS), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Campus Montaury, EA 4445, 64600 Anglet, France
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Czeck MA, Juckett WT, Kelly AS, Dengel DR. Muscle-to-Bone and Soft Tissue-to-Bone Ratio in Children and Adolescents with Obesity. J Clin Densitom 2023; 26:101360. [PMID: 36931949 PMCID: PMC10175141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the total and regional muscle-to-bone ratio in children and adolescents with obesity and compare the muscle-to-bone ratio (MBR) and soft tissue-to-bone ratio (SBR) to their peers with normal weight or overweight. STUDY DESIGN A total of 219 male and female pediatrics (mean age=12.3±2.5 years) participated in this study. Body composition was assessed with a total body dual X-ray absorptiometry. The MBR was calculated by dividing lean mass by bone mineral content. The SBR was determined by dividing the soft tissue mass (i.e., lean mass+fat mass) by bone mineral content. Differences in total and regional body composition measures between body mass index (BMI) percentile groups was assessed by ANOVA. RESULTS The obesity group had significantly higher MBR compared to the normal weight group for total (19.24±1.56 vs. 18.26±1.64), arm (17.11±1.67 vs. 15.88±1.81), and leg (18.41±1.68 vs. 16.62±1.55). Similarly, the obesity group had significantly higher MBR in the leg (18.41±1.68) compared to the overweight group (17.24±1.45). However, the overweight group was not significantly different from the normal weight or the obesity group for total and arm MBR. The total, arm, and leg SBR was significantly different between all BMI groups. Across the entire sample, MBR and SBR were negatively associated with high-density lipoprotein. SBR was positively associated with insulin, HOMA-IR, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Children with obesity had a higher MBR and SBR compared to their normal weight peers. In addition, there were significant associations between SBR, higher levels of insulin, atherogenic lipoproteins, and increased systolic blood pressure. Thus, SBR may be useful as a marker for increased cardiometabolic disease risk, though more research in this area is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline A Czeck
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
| | - William T Juckett
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Aaron S Kelly
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Donald R Dengel
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
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Zhang M, Garnier H, Qian G, Li S. Effect of 11 Weeks of Physical Exercise on Physical Fitness and Executive Functions in Children. CHILDREN 2023; 10:children10030485. [PMID: 36980043 PMCID: PMC10046957 DOI: 10.3390/children10030485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Object: The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare the effects of physical exercise interventions on physical fitness and executive functions in children. Methods: Six-year-old children participated in the study and were randomly divided into physical exercise group (PE group, n = 43) and control group (C group, n = 46). The children in the PE group participated in a physical exercise program for 45 min daily, four days a week for 11 weeks. The children in the C group continued with their usual routines. Then, all the children were tested before and after the experiment for body composition (height, weight, BMI), physical fitness (20-m shuttle run test, standing long jump test, grip strength test, 4 × 10 m shuttle run test and sit and reach tests), and executive functions test (animal go/no-go task, working memory span task, simple reaction test and flexible item selection task) before and after the 11-week period. Results: The 11 weeks of physical exercise did not significantly affect the body composition of the children (p > 0.05). The physical fitness and executive functions test results showed that 11 weeks of physical exercise interventions improves physical fitness (cardiopulmonary fitness, muscle strength, speed sensitivity and flexibility quality) and executive functions parameters (inhibitory control, working memory, the reaction time, and cognitive flexibility) in children (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Conclusion: 11 weeks of physical exercise can improve the physical fitness and executive functions of six-year-old children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Hanna Garnier
- Department of Surgery and Urology for Children and Adolescents, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Guoping Qian
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Shunchang Li
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence:
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Jiang Q, Huang X, Cui D. Rural-Urban Differences in Physical Fitness and Overweight Prevalence of Children and Adolescents from Central South China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2390. [PMID: 36767757 PMCID: PMC9916208 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This present study aims to determine the rural-urban differences in physical fitness and overweight prevalence among children and adolescents from Central South China. METHODS All the original parameters of physical fitness indicators for 216,718 participants aged from 7 to 15 years old were obtained from the website of the Chinese National Student Physical Fitness Database and were analyzed by SPSS. RESULTS (1) Children and adolescents from rural areas were observed to have a more adverse physical fitness ratio, and the urban-rural differences were identified in each physical fitness indicator. (2) Rural areas had a higher overweight prevalence (p < 0.01). When compared to urban cities, overweight students from rural towns measured a significantly poorer cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness in primary school (p < 0.05), while the result in middle school was showed the opposite. (3) Rural-urban residence and sex were the moderately correlated factors for muscular fitness among overweight students. CONCLUSIONS Urban children and adolescents in central south China had an overall healthier profile than their rural peers, particularly in overweight groups. The government and related functional departments should take the factors of rural-urban residence and sex of students into consideration when building a state strategy and interventions to promote physical activity and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Jiang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Hunan Province Students’ Physical Fitness Test Data Management Center, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Hunan Province Students’ Physical Fitness Test Data Management Center, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Di Cui
- School of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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Said MA, Alhumaid MM, Atta II, Al-Sababha KM, Abdelrahman MA, Alibrahim MS. Lower fitness levels, higher fat-to-lean mass ratios, and lower cardiorespiratory endurance are more likely to affect the body mass index of Saudi children and adolescents. Front Public Health 2022; 10:984469. [PMID: 36276343 PMCID: PMC9582435 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.984469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies suggest that health-related physical fitness may play a prominent role in preventing obesity in children and adolescents. Objectives The present study examined fitness levels using five components of health-related fitness in Saudi students aged 10-17 years (fat-to-lean mass ratio, cardiorespiratory endurance, upper body strength and endurance, abdominal muscle strength and endurance, and flexibility). Subsequently, the association between BMI and a health-related fitness index (HR-PFI) based on the five fitness components was investigated. Methods The study was conducted on 1,291 students with a mean age of 12.95 ± 1.72 years. Participants included 1,030 boys aged 12.80 ± 1.79 years, with 479 young boys (11.24 ± 0.81b years), and 551 adolescents (14.16 ± 1.21 years). Moreover, the study examined 261 girls averaging 13.54 ± 1.2 years old, with 66 young girls (11.92 ± 0.27 years), and 195 teenage girls (14.09 ± 0.85 years). Each participant's health-related fitness level was assessed by the following tests: Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer (BIA) for body composition, one-mile run/walk test for cardiorespiratory endurance, curl-up test for abdominal muscle strength and endurance (AMSE), push-up test for upper body strength and endurance (UBSE), and back-saver sit-and-reach test for flexibility. Results The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 10.4 and 24.7% in boys and 10 and 8.4% in girls, respectively. The mean Z-scores of performances decreased from the underweight to the obese groups. BMI was positively associated with the ratio of fat mass to lean mass and negatively associated with cardiorespiratory endurance in the overall group of participants as well as in the subgroups by sex and age categories. BMI was also negatively associated with flexibility and HR-PFI in the total group, UBSE, AMSE, and HR-PFI in prepubertal boys, and UBSE in prepubertal girls. The coefficient of determination values was 0.65 in the total group, 0.72 in prepubertal boys, 0.863 in adolescent boys, 0.956 in prepubertal girls, and 0.818 in adolescent girls. Conclusions Overall health-related physical fitness, fat-to-lean mass ratio, and cardiorespiratory endurance are the factors that most affect BMI in Saudi students aged 10 to 17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ahmed Said
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia,Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, Jendouba University, Jendouba, Tunisia,*Correspondence: Mohamed Ahmed Said ; ;
| | - Majed M. Alhumaid
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim I. Atta
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khairi Mahmoud Al-Sababha
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Shaab Alibrahim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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