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Zhang A, Luo X, Lin R, He C, Wang J, Huang G. Group arts therapies for patients with schizophrenia: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e082076. [PMID: 38834330 PMCID: PMC11163625 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Schizophrenia, a chronic mental problem, significantly impacts cognition, emotion and social functioning. Conventional pharmacotherapy faces challenges including numerous side effects, low adherence to medication and substantial costs. In this context, group arts therapies (GATs) emerge as a promising complementary approach for symptom alleviation in schizophrenia patients. Nonetheless, the effectiveness and safety of GATs are yet to be firmly established. This study aims to systematically assess the therapeutic impact of all group-based artistic interventions as complementary treatments for schizophrenia, focusing on their potential benefits. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study will search four English-language databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase), two Chinese databases (Wanfang Data and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) and three Korean databases (RISS, Korean Citation Index and DBpia) from their inception until October 2023. It will include all randomised controlled trials that compare GATs for schizophrenia with standard rehabilitation methods. The primary outcome is the improvement in patients' positive and negative symptoms. Methodologies such as bias risk assessment, data synthesis, sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis will be implemented using Review Manager V.5.4. Study results with high heterogeneity will be merged using a random-effects model (I 2>50% or p<0.1). In cases where meta-analysis is not viable due to significant clinical and methodological heterogeneity, a qualitative summary of the findings will be provided. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The data used in this systematic review are anonymised, devoid of any private information, eliminating the requirement for ethical approval. Dissemination of the research findings will be conducted via peer-reviewed publications. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023471583.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijia Zhang
- Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xuexing Luo
- Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Runqing Lin
- Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Caihong He
- Operation Centre, Guangzhou Wanqu Cooperative Institute of Design, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanghui Huang
- Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
- Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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Jilong C, Yueying T, Huizheng C, Yong M, Genqiang L. The impact of perceived work dirtiness on nursing students' professional commitment: the mediating role of career adaptability and the moderating role of social support - a cross sectional study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:304. [PMID: 38698371 PMCID: PMC11067072 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social consensus in the nursing industry is that the job is accompanied by dirtiness. It is generally accepted that negative cognition about a career is an important determinant in reducing nursing students' professional commitment. However, the impact of nursing students' perceived work dirtiness on professional commitment and its mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze the association between perceived work dirtiness and professional commitment and to examine the mediating role of career adaptability and the moderating role of social support among nursing students in mainland China. METHODS A cross-sectional online study was conducted among 341 nursing students from three medical universities in Henan, China. The participants' perceived work dirtiness, career adaptability, professional commitment, and social support were obtained. SPSS 26.0 and Amos 23.0 software were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS Perceived work dirtiness was negatively related to career adaptability and professional commitment (P < 0.001). Career adaptability played a partial mediating role (β= -0.177, P < 0.001) in the relationship between perceived work dirtiness and professional commitment. Social support played a moderating role (β = 0.134, P < 0.01) in the relationship between perceived work dirtiness and career adaptability. Moreover, social support moderates the mediating role of career adaptability. CONCLUSIONS Nursing students' perceived work dirtiness is an important factor in reducing professional commitment. Therefore, nursing educators must enhance courses focusing on professional qualities, providing avenues for nursing students to access social support. This proactive approach aims to mitigate the adverse impact of perceived work dirtiness on professional commitment among nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jilong
- School of Health Management, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Tao Yueying
- School of Health Management, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Chen Huizheng
- School of Health Management, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Meng Yong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, China
| | - Li Genqiang
- School of Health Management, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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Oh H, Cho Y, Bae J, Holley LC, Shafer M, Kim K, Lee Y. Impact of statutory revisions to family-petitioned civil commitment in South Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW AND PSYCHIATRY 2024; 94:101982. [PMID: 38603975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2024.101982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined the impact of statutory revisions in 2016 which aimed to enhance procedural justice within the process of civil commitment for persons diagnosed with mental illnesses (PDMI) in South Korea. These changes included requiring that PDMI pose a threat of danger to self or others and the need for treatment simultaneously as criteria for petitioning civil commitment. Additionally, the revision established a public entity to oversee the legitimacy of petitions to involuntarily commit PDMI to inpatient treatment. Despite these statutory changes, families providing care for PDMI still appear to depend on civil commitment as a way to seek respite from care burden, not necessarily to respond to psychiatric emergencies involving dangerousness. This practice seems to be aided by processes within the public entity providing oversight. Due to such barriers we hypothesized that, even after the statutory revision in 2016, PDMI who had been civilly committed following petitions from families will not exhibit elevated dangerousness compared to PDMI who had never been hospitalized during the same period. METHODS Trained interviewers recruited 331 participants self-identified as PDMI from psychiatric rehabilitation agencies in the community and aided them in completing a survey including measures of self-reported hospitalization history, suicidality, and aggression toward others. Participants were classified into four groups: Family-petition committed (FPC) group (n = 30, 9.1%), voluntarily hospitalized (VH) group (n = 34, 10.3%), public-petition committed (PPC) group (n = 31, 9.4%), and never hospitalized (NH) group (n = 236, 71.3%). We conducted logistic regression analyses to compare self-reported dangerousness between groups with the NH group as the reference group. RESULTS In the past 12 months, 43.5% of PDMI participants had self-reported behaviors that may have met the dangerousness criteria for civil commitment. Controlling for confounding factors, the PPC group was 2.96 times and 3.02 times as likely to report suicidal ideation and physical aggression, respectively, compared to the NH group. However, as hypothesized, the FPC group did not differ from the NH group on any indicator of self-reported dangerousness. CONCLUSION The findings were based on cross-sectional correlational data and should not be viewed as conclusive evidence that the 2016 statutory revision is ineffective in preventing family-petitioned civil commitment in cases where dangerousness is not apparent. Nevertheless, these findings encourage further empirical studies that illuminate the etiology of procedural justice in civil commitments petitioned by family members and that assess factors and contexts that promote the consideration of least coercive treatments, rather than resorting to involuntary hospitalization when psychiatric emergencies arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsung Oh
- School of Social Work, Arizona State University
| | - Yunhwa Cho
- Korea Disabled People's Development Institute.
| | - Jinyeong Bae
- Department of Social Welfare, Catholic University of Korea
| | | | | | - Kyejung Kim
- Department of Social Welfare, Yonsei University School
| | - Yongpyo Lee
- Department of Social Welfare, Catholic University of Korea
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Ezhumalai S, Ranganathan M. Family Fellowship Society for Psychosocial Rehabilitation Services (1993-2019): A Self-help Movement. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL REHABILITATION AND MENTAL HEALTH 2024; 11:121-134. [PMID: 38645637 PMCID: PMC11029798 DOI: 10.1007/s40737-023-00345-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Family Fellowship Society for Psychosocial Rehabilitation Services is an initiative of families of persons with mental illness and with psychiatric disabilities. It has been advocating self-help movement on the part of the families who have been on the lookout for alternative care services. This venture has been technically supported by the mental health professionals at National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore. It is a collaborative effort of families and professionals to address the needs that have been felt by the consumers and the professionals. It is the first of its kind in India. Over a period of 26 years, 150 + families have availed the alternative care for psychosocial rehabilitation services for their wards. In this context, an attempt was made to enlighten the psychosocial rehabilitation services at family fellowship society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinu Ezhumalai
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bangalore 560029, India
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Zhang X, Wang S, Zhao R, Zhao N, Tao S, Zhang H, Wu B, Xia X, Fan H. Analysis of factors associated with family disease burden and correlation with social support among family caregivers of patients with severe mental illnesses. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:218-226. [PMID: 37947263 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231204217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers are responsible for the home care of family members with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) and their lives are often subject to changes that can create stress and burden. The purpose of this study was to explore the current state of family disease burden and its correlation with social support among family caregivers of SMIs patients. METHODS Using a random sampling method, a total of 1,108 family caregivers of SMIs patients in community health service centers were selected. A general information questionnaire of family caregivers and patients, the Family Disease Burden Scale, and the Social Support Rating Scale were used. RESULTS The score of the Family Disease Burden Scale of 1108 family caregivers was 16.57 ± 10.65. Family disease burden was negatively correlated with social support (p < .05). The main influencing factors of family disease burden were average annual family income, duration of illness, distance to medical care, risk of unpredictable behavior, social support, caregiver-patient relationship, gender, and comorbid chronic conditions (p < .05). CONCLUSION Family caregivers of SMIs patients have a relatively low level of caregiver-perceived social support. Interventions to enhance perceived social support could help maintain the health of family caregivers and improve the quality of family care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Sizhe Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Ran Zhao
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhao
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Shilong Tao
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangning District, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangning District, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Baiqun Wu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangning District, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Xia
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangning District, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Hong Fan
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, P.R. China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, P.R. China
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Mistri IU, Badge A, Shahu S. Enhancing Patient Safety Culture in Hospitals. Cureus 2023; 15:e51159. [PMID: 38283419 PMCID: PMC10811440 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Patient safety has become a top priority for healthcare organizations. A better patient safety environment is associated with a lower probability of significant complications. Training programmers is critical to promoting patient safety and minimizing misunderstandings. The quality, performance, and productivity of the healthcare industry can be dramatically improved by changing the patient safety atmosphere operating within the hospital sector. Hospitals can significantly reduce medical errors and adverse events by implementing the program and training programmers to prioritize patient safety. This will improve patient outcomes and increase efficiency and effectiveness. Creating a patient safety culture within hospitals will contribute to a higher standard of care and improved overall performance in the healthcare industry. Hospitals can identify systemic problems and implement proactive measures to prevent future incidents by creating an environment in which healthcare professionals feel comfortable reporting errors. A patient safety culture encourages collaboration and open communication among healthcare teams leading to more effective and coordinated care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha U Mistri
- Hospital Administration, School of Allied Health Sciences, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Nagpur, IND
| | - Ankit Badge
- Microbiology, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Nagpur, IND
| | - Shivani Shahu
- Hospital Administration, School of Allied Health Sciences, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to Be University), Nagpur, IND
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Bademli K, Lök N, Lök S. The Effect of a Physical Activity Intervention on Burden and Depressive Symptoms in Depressed Family Caregivers of Patients With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:1109-1115. [PMID: 37633655 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a 12-week physical activity intervention for caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. METHOD Family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia were recruited and randomized into either a physical activity group (n = 31) or a control group (n = 31). The 12-week "Physical Activity Program" consisted of 10 minutes of warm-up activities as the initial segment, 20 minutes of rhythmic exercises as the activity segment, 10 minutes of cool-down exercises as the final segment, and 40 minutes of free walking. The physical activity program was designed to accommodate the ergonomics and physiological structure of the caregiver. The program consisted of 12 sessions. The Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory were used to the physical activity and control groups before the program's implementation. RESULTS A total of 62 caregivers were randomized to the intervention (n = 31) or control group (n = 31). Postintervention measurement was completed by 61 caregivers, and all the caregivers completed the intervention. Mean scores of Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale score and Beck Depression Inventory score in the physical activity group of caregivers at postintervention, significantly reduced at <.05 level than their mean baseline scores. CONCLUSIONS Engagement in a 12-week physical activity intervention can improve the perceived burden of caregiving and symptoms of depression. Future research should examine with larger sample groups, carry out interventions, and apply the physical activity intervention by targeting caregivers, along with different interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerime Bademli
- Psychiatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Lök
- Psychiatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sefa Lök
- Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sports Science, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Chen P, Zhao YJ, An FR, Li XH, Lam MI, Lok KI, Wang YY, Li JX, Su Z, Cheung T, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Zhang Q, Xiang YT. Prevalence of insomnia and its association with quality of life in caregivers of psychiatric inpatients during the COVID-19 pandemic: a network analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:837. [PMID: 37964197 PMCID: PMC10644468 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on sleep problems among caregivers of psychiatric patients, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, are limited. This study examined the prevalence and correlates of insomnia symptoms (insomnia hereafter) among caregivers of psychiatric inpatients during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the association with quality of life (QoL) from a network analysis perspective. METHODS A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted on caregivers of inpatients across seven tertiary psychiatric hospitals and psychiatric units of general hospitals. Network analysis explored the structure of insomnia using the R program. The centrality index of "Expected influence" was used to identify central symptoms in the network, and the "flow" function was adopted to identify specific symptoms that were directly associated with QoL. RESULTS A total of 1,101 caregivers were included. The overall prevalence of insomnia was 18.9% (n = 208; 95% CI = 16.7-21.3%). Severe depressive (OR = 1.185; P < 0.001) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.099; P = 0.003), and severe fatigue (OR = 1.320; P < 0.001) were associated with more severe insomnia. The most central nodes included ISI2 ("Sleep maintenance"), ISI7 ("Distress caused by the sleep difficulties") and ISI1 ("Severity of sleep onset"), while "Sleep dissatisfaction" (ISI4), "Distress caused by the sleep difficulties" (ISI7) and "Interference with daytime functioning" (ISI5) had the strongest negative associations with QoL. CONCLUSION The insomnia prevalence was high among caregivers of psychiatric inpatients during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in those with depression, anxiety and fatigue. Considering the negative impact of insomnia on QoL, effective interventions that address insomnia and alteration of sleep dissatisfaction should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chen
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yan-Jie Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Rong An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Ieng Lam
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ka-In Lok
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yue-Ying Wang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, VIC, Australia.
| | - Qinge Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
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Yang M, Xu J, Chen X, Liu L, Kong D, Yang Y, Chen W, Li Z, Zhang X. Sex-based influential factors for dental caries in patients with schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:735. [PMID: 37817127 PMCID: PMC10566046 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a common mental disorder that seriously affects patients' daily lives and brings heavy psychological and economic burdens to their families and society. The oral problems of patients with schizophrenia are gradually gaining attention, among which dental caries are among the most common oral diseases. Sex differences may be related not only to the various clinical symptoms of schizophrenia but also to different oral hygiene statuses; therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to investigate sex differences related to influencing factors for dental caries in patients with schizophrenia. METHOD Inpatients with schizophrenia over 18 years old were included in this study, and multidimensional indicators such as demographics, symptom and cognitive impairment assessments, medications, and the caries index of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) were collected. An analysis of sex-based influential factors for dental caries in schizophrenia patients was performed. RESULTS Four-hundred and ninety-six patients with schizophrenia were included, with a mean age of 46.73 ± 12.23 years, of which 142 were females and 354 were males. The mean DMFT was significantly higher in males (8.81 ± 8.50) than in females (5.63 ± 6.61, p < 0.001), and the odd ratio of caries in males to females was significantly higher as well (OR = 2.305, p < 0.001). The influential factors of caries in male patients were independently associated with age and smoking status, in which current smokers were at the highest risk for developing caries, and different smoking statuses had various influencing factors for caries. The influencing factors for caries in female patients were independently associated with age, antipsychotic dose, PANSS-positive symptoms, and MMSE levels. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest sex differences exist among influential factors for caries in patients with schizophrenia. These risk factors may even be associated with and affect the treatment and prognosis of psychiatric symptoms in patients. Therefore, oral hygiene management of patients with schizophrenia should be enhanced. These differential factors provide new visions and ideas for formulating individual interventions, treatments, and care priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, No.8 Huli-West 1st-Alley, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610036 China
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Qingshuihe Campus: No.2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu, 611731 China
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Qingshuihe Campus: No.2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu, 611731 China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Qingdao mental health center, No. 299, Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266034 China
| | - Xiaoqin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Qingdao mental health center, No. 299, Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266034 China
| | - Liju Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Qingshuihe Campus: No.2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, Chengdu, 611731 China
| | - Di Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, No.8 Huli-West 1st-Alley, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610036 China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, No.8 Huli-West 1st-Alley, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610036 China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, No.8 Huli-West 1st-Alley, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610036 China
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Nutritional and Metabolic Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510370 China
- Department of Psychiatry, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, 36 Mingxin Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510370 China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510370 China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101 China
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Wang YZ, Meng XD, Zhang TM, Weng X, Li M, Luo W, Huang Y, Thornicroft G, Ran MS. Affiliate stigma and caregiving burden among family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia in rural China. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1024-1032. [PMID: 36708508 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231152206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although stigma and caregiving burden are important in relation to mental health recovery, few studies have been conducted on affiliate stigma and caregiving burden among family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia (FCPWS) in rural China. AIMS This study aimed to examine the severity level of affiliate stigma and caregiving burden, and identify the correlates among FCPWS in rural China. METHODS A mental health survey was conducted (N = 253 FCPWS) in Xinjin county, Sichuan province, China. Affiliate Self-Stigma Scale and Zarit Burden Interview Short Form were used. The regression analysis was performed to explore the correlates of stigma and burden. RESULTS Most FCPWS reported experiencing high and severe level of affiliate stigma (78.66%) and caregiving burden (95.26%). Family caregivers who were middle aged, unemployed, with high caregiving burden and low quality of life (QoL), showed more severe affiliate stigma. Family caregivers who were female, older, with low income, high affiliate stigma and low QoL, experienced greater caregiving burden. CONCLUSIONS The large majority of FCPWS in rural China experienced severe affiliate stigma, caregiving burden and poor QoL. It is crucial to develop culture-specific anti-stigma interventions to reduce caregivers' stigma and caregiving burden, and improve QoL. Specific risk factors of family caregivers' affiliate stigma and caregiving burden should be considered for development of health policy and community-based mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhou Wang
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xian-Dong Meng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tian-Ming Zhang
- Department of Social Work, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Weng
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ming Li
- Chengdu Xinjin Second People's Hospital, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Chengdu Xinjin Second People's Hospital, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Graham Thornicroft
- Centre for Global Mental Health and Centre for Implementation Science, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK
| | - Mao-Sheng Ran
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Zouraraki C, Karamaouna P, Giakoumaki SG. Cognitive Processes and Resting-State Functional Neuroimaging Findings in High Schizotypal Individuals and Schizotypal Personality Disorder Patients: A Systematic Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040615. [PMID: 37190580 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ample research findings indicate that there is altered brain functioning in the schizophrenia spectrum. Nevertheless, functional neuroimaging findings remain ambiguous for healthy individuals expressing high schizotypal traits and patients with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). The purpose of this systematic review was to identify patterns of task-related and resting-state neural abnormalities across these conditions. MEDLINE-PubMed and PsycINFO were systematically searched and forty-eight studies were selected. Forty studies assessed healthy individuals with high schizotypal traits and eight studies examined SPD patients with functional neuroimaging techniques (fNIRS; fMRI; Resting-state fMRI). Functional alterations in striatal, frontal and temporal regions were found in healthy individuals with high schizotypal traits. Schizotypal personality disorder was associated with default mode network abnormalities but further research is required in order to better conceive its neural correlates. There was also evidence for functional compensatory mechanisms associated with both conditions. To conclude, the findings suggest that brain dysfunctions are evident in individuals who lie along the subclinical part of the spectrum, further supporting the continuum model for schizophrenia susceptibility. Additional research is required in order to delineate the counterbalancing processes implicated in the schizophrenia spectrum, as this approach will provide promising insights for both conversion and protection from conversion into schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Zouraraki
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Education Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
| | - Penny Karamaouna
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Education Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
| | - Stella G. Giakoumaki
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Education Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
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12
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Zouraraki C, Karamaouna P, Giakoumaki SG. Facial emotion recognition and schizotypal traits: A systematic review of behavioural studies. Early Interv Psychiatry 2023; 17:121-140. [PMID: 35840128 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM Previous research has indicated that individuals expressing high schizotypal traits and patients with Schizotypal Personality Disorder (SPD), show deficits in facial emotion recognition, compared to low schizotypal or control groups. On the other hand, non-significant findings also exist and the association of facial emotion recognition deficits with the different schizotypal dimensions is not well defined, thus limiting any conclusive outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to further clarify this relationship. METHODS PsychInfo, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed were systematically searched, and 23 papers with a cross-sectional design were selected. Nineteen studies examined individuals with high schizotypal traits and four studies evaluated SPD individuals with behavioural facial emotion recognition paradigms and self-report measures or clinical interviews for schizotypal traits. All selected studies were published between 1994 and August 2020. RESULTS According to the evidence of studies, high schizotypal individuals and SPD patients have poorer performance in facial emotion recognition tasks. Negative schizotypy was related to lower accuracy for positive and negative emotions and faster emotion labeling while positive schizotypy was associated with worse accuracy for positive, negative and neutral emotions and more biases. Disorganized schizotypy was associated with poorer accuracy for negative emotions and suspiciousness with higher accuracy for disgust faces but lower total accuracy. CONCLUSIONS These findings are consistent with the vulnerability for schizophrenia spectrum disorders and support the idea that emotion recognition deficits are trait markers for these conditions. Thus, the effectiveness of early-intervention programmes could increase by also targeting this class of deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Zouraraki
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Educational Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece
| | - Penny Karamaouna
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Educational Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece
| | - Stella G Giakoumaki
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Educational Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece
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Yang M, Yang Y, Liu L, Kong D, Xu M, Huang X, Luo C, Zhao G, Zhang X, Huang Y, Tu Y, Li Z. Sex differences in factors influencing hospital-acquired pneumonia in schizophrenia patients receiving modified electroconvulsive therapy. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1127262. [PMID: 36865072 PMCID: PMC9971594 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1127262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences may be presented in the clinical features or symptoms of schizophrenia patients but also affect the occurrence of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). Modified electroconvulsive therapy (mECT) is a common treatment method for schizophrenia, used in combination with antipsychotics. This retrospective research explores the sex difference in HAP affecting patients with schizophrenia who have received mECT treatment during hospitalization. METHODS We included schizophrenia inpatients treated with mECT and antipsychotics between January 2015 and April 2022. Blood-related and demographic data collected on admission were analyzed. Influencing factors of HAP in male and female groups were assessed separately. RESULTS A total of 951 schizophrenia patients treated with mECT were enrolled in the study, including 375 males and 576 females, of which 62 patients experienced HAP during hospitalization. The risk period of HAP in these patients was found to be the first day after each mECT treatment and the first three sessions of mECT treatment. Statistically significant differences in the incidence of HAP were identified in male vs. female groups, with an incidence in men about 2.3 times higher than that in women (P < 0.001). Lower total cholesterol (Z = -2.147, P = 0.032) and the use of anti-parkinsonian drugs (χ2 = 17.973, P < 0.001) were found to be independent risk factors of HAP in male patients, while lower lymphocyte count (Z = -2.408, P = 0.016), hypertension (χ2 = 9.096, P = 0.003), and use of sedative-hypnotic drugs (χ2 = 13.636, P < 0.001) were identified in female patients. CONCLUSION Influencing factors of HAP in schizophrenia patients treated with mECT have gender differences. The first day after each mECT treatment and the first three sessions of mECT treatment were identified to have the greatest risk for HAP development. Therefore, it would be imperative to monitor clinical management and medications during this period according to these gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.,The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Liju Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Xincheng Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Guocheng Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunzhong Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China
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Shiraishi N, Yatsu H, Ogawa H, Akechi T. Mediating effects of care burden and sense of coherence between patients' disabilities and siblings' emotions in psychotic disorders. PCN REPORTS : PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES 2022; 1:e55. [PMID: 38868655 PMCID: PMC11114293 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Aim Care burden and sense of coherence (SOC) can facilitate an understanding of how family members interpret their caregiving experiences regarding a relative with psychosis. In informal caregiving, understanding siblings' experiences in this regard is necessary to mitigate negative emotions and strengthen positive ones. This study investigated whether care burden and SOC mediate the relationship between the disabilities of patients with psychosis and their siblings' emotions. Methods A nationwide online survey was used to screen and recruit adult siblings of patients with psychotic disorders. The patients' disabilities in their work lives, socializing, and family communication, the siblings' care burden and SOC, and the siblings' positive and negative emotions were assessed. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the path model that illustrated the mediating effects of care burden and SOC on patients' disabilities and siblings' emotions. Results The sample included 237 siblings aged 42.3 years (mean) with a male-to-female ratio of 0.88 and 237 patients with schizophrenia (80.2%) or schizoaffective disorder (19.8%). In the SEM analyses, care burden connected each of the three disabilities with the two types of emotions through the pathways in which care burden positively predicted both negative and positive emotions. Additionally, SOC functioned as a mediator between disability in family communication and both types of emotions. Conclusion Siblings' negative emotions should be alleviated through interventions aimed at suppressing the care burden and enhancing SOC to address disabilities in patients' socializing and family communication. Nevertheless, care burden might contribute to their positive emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Shiraishi
- Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive‐Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoya City UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Hiroko Yatsu
- Graduate School of NursingMiyagi UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Haruka Ogawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive‐Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoya City UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Tatsuo Akechi
- Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive‐Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoya City UniversityNagoyaJapan
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15
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Factors of Parental Preparation of Children with Mental Illnesses for Their Independent Living after Their Own Death. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122360. [PMID: 36553884 PMCID: PMC9777822 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Families of children with mental illnesses are often concerned about living in the community after their parents' death. The cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association between how parents prepare adult children with mental illnesses to live independently after the death of the parent(s). The participants were 1112 members of 46 family support groups for mental illnesses in Tokyo, Japan. The age of the people with mental illness was 40s, and that of their parents was 70s. Logistic regression analysis showed that mothers' support in daily living, no income or pension for disabled people, staying at home during free time, and parental livelihood being the same as the person with mental illness were factors that were negatively associated with the independent living of people with mental illness. In contrast, parental participation in the family group and creating a system for securing regular living expenses of the person with mental illness were positively associated with independent living. The results suggest that parents need to promote their children's recovery and prepare them financially by forecasting their independent living after their own death.
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Roncone R, Giusti L, Bianchini V, Casacchia M, Carpiniello B, Aguglia E, Altamura M, Barlati S, Bellomo A, Bucci P, Cascino G, Concerto C, Fagiolini A, Marchesi C, Monteleone AM, Pinna F, Siracusano A, Galderisi S. Family functioning and personal growth in Italian caregivers living with a family member affected by schizophrenia: Results of an add-on study of the Italian network for research on psychoses. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1042657. [PMID: 36713911 PMCID: PMC9880038 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1042657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the role of family members in caring for relatives affected by schizophrenia has focused largely on the negative aspects of impact of the illness. The present study aimed to: (1) assess family functioning and burden of care in caregivers living in Northern, Central, and Southern Italy who looked after subjects affected by chronic schizophrenia; (2) evaluate the relationship between aspects of family functioning and burden of care, in particular personal growth (PG) of caregivers; and (3) identify variables capable of affecting PG of caregivers. A total of 136 caregivers (mean length of illness of family member more than 20 years) were recruited from 9 Italian research sites and evaluated in terms of "positive" family functioning-problem-solving, communication skills and personal goals Family Functioning Questionnaire (FFQ), burden of care, and PG Family Problems Questionnaire (FPQ). Caregivers reported an overall good family functioning with a relatively low objective and subjective burden of care. The latter was positively correlated with length of illness, with women showing a higher subjective burden than men. Reduced problem-solving skills and ability of each family member to pursue personal goals were both associated with reduced objective and subjective burden which, conversely, were both increased by inadequate support and scarce positive comments from relatives and friends. Approximately 50% of caregivers stated that "they had learned something positive from the situation," highlighting a statistically higher proportion of caregivers in southern Italy than in northern and central Italy. Caregivers' PG was associated with good family functioning, adequate professional support, and positive comments. PG also seemed to be positively influenced by support from relatives and friends (O.R. 14.306). The numerous challenges and positive aspects associated with caregiving should be duly acknowledged by mental health services and integrated into routine clinical assessment and intervention framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Roncone
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Laura Giusti
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Valeria Bianchini
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Massimo Casacchia
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Bernardo Carpiniello
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Eugenio Aguglia
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Altamura
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Stefano Barlati
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Brescia University, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paola Bucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giammarco Cascino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana," Section of Neuroscience, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Carmen Concerto
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Fagiolini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Carlo Marchesi
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Federica Pinna
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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