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Costa LDCF, Barboza BP, Rossi CE, Roberto DMT, Hinnig PDF, de Vasconcelos FDAG. Temporal trend of food consumption markers, breakfast consumption and association with overweight/obesity in schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years between 2007 and 2019. NUTR BULL 2024; 49:168-179. [PMID: 38616357 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has a multifactorial origin. Among the behavioural risk factors, excessive consumption of unhealthy foods, skipping breakfast and reduced physical activity stand out. The main objective of this article was to identify trends in dietary habits and their association with overweight/obesity over a 12-year period in schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years in Florianópolis, southern Brazil. A cross-sectional panel analysis study, using anthropometric, sociodemographic, physical activity and food consumption data of schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years, collected in three waves of the Study of Prevalence of Obesity in Children and Adolescents (EPOCA), carried out during the years 2007, 2012/2013 and 2018/2019, was performed. To analyse the trend in dietary variables over the years, the 95% CIs were compared with the non-overlap of intervals indicating statistical significance. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to test the association of weight status with dietary markers. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 34.4%, 37.2% and 34.2% in 2007, 2012/2013 and 2018/2019, respectively, and there were no statistically significant differences among waves. There was a progressive and significant reduction in the consumption of soft drinks and sweets and in eating breakfast by schoolchildren, from 2007 to 2019. Breakfast consumption was inversely associated with the chance of overweight/obesity (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.59-0.93), and female students were less likely to have overweight/obesity when compared to boys (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.61-0.81). The reduction in the consumption of soft drinks and sweets over the years might be caused by efforts in public policies that intended to reduce the consumption of unhealthy foods among schoolchildren. The progressive and significant reduction in having breakfast should be better elucidated in future studies, to minimise the potential impact of this practice on schoolchildren's bodyweight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernardo Paz Barboza
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Serhal L, Fardet A, Obeid D. Relationship between children's eating behavior (1-6 years) and body mass index: a cross-sectional study in French maternal-infant protection centers within the Parisian region. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024:fdae060. [PMID: 38702846 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection of obesity-promoting dietary behavior patterns improves the identification of at-risk families and the implementation of interventions. This is accomplished through the use of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). No study has been conducted using the CEBQ in children followed in Essonne's Maternal-Infant Protection (PMI) centers. We investigated, in a cross-sectional design, the differences in children's eating behavior with PMI follow-up according to their weight status. METHODS A questionnaire addressed to parents was collected in PMI centers. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was used to investigate the predictability of the child's CEBQ on body mass index (BMI). RESULTS From January to April 2022, 850 children were selected, from which 500 (aged 1-6 years) were included, and of whom 10.6% were obese. There was a significant positive association between 'Food Responsiveness', 'Enjoyment of Food' and BMI. In contrast, there was a significant negative association between 'Satiety Responsiveness', 'Slowness in Eating' and BMI. Besides, 'Food approach' and 'food avoidance' behaviors were positively and negatively related to BMI z-scores, respectively. CONCLUSION Due to significant differences in children's eating behavior according to their weight, it is needed to raise awareness among parents about their impact on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laudy Serhal
- Conseil Départemental de l'Essonne, Service Territorialisé de PMI et de Santé de l'Est de l'Essonne, Direction Protection Maternelle et Infantile et de la Santé, Évry-Courcouronnes, 91000, France
| | - Anthony Fardet
- Department of Human Nutrition, INRAE, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand & Clermont Auvergne Université, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France
| | - Dalia Obeid
- Conseil Départemental de l'Essonne, Service Territorialisé de PMI et de Santé de l'Est de l'Essonne, Direction Protection Maternelle et Infantile et de la Santé, Évry-Courcouronnes, 91000, France
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Gutiérrez-González E, Andreu-Ivorra B, Rollán-Gordo A, Tejedor-Romero L, Sánchez-Arenas F, García-Solano M. Differences in the temporal trends of childhood overweight and obesity in Spain in the 2011-2019 period by sex, age and socioeconomic level: results of the ALADINO study. An Pediatr (Barc) 2024; 100:233-240. [PMID: 38538511 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Childhood excess weight is a growing public health problem. The aim of this study was to assess temporal trends in the prevalence of overweight, obesity and central obesity in schoolchildren aged 6-9 years in Spain between 2011 and 2019 based on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. METHODOLOGY The analysis included data from the 2011, 2015 and 2019 rounds of the cross-sectional observational and descriptive ALADINO study in schoolchildren of both sexes aged 6-9 years. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity (defined according to the criteria of the World Health Organization and the International Obesity Task Force) and of central obesity, in addition to associated demographic and socioeconomic variables. RESULTS Between 2011 and 2019, the prevalence of overweight (WHO criteria) decreased in boys aged 6, 7 and 8 years (by -5.4%, -5.7% and -5.3%, respectively) and boys whose parents had a higher educational attainment (by -5.3%). In relation to the socioeconomic level, overweight in boys declined at all income levels. However, between 2011 and 2019, both the prevalence of overweight in girls and the prevalence of obesity (applying the WHO and IOTF criteria) and the prevalence of central obesity in both sexes remained stable. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of overweight and the prevalence of obesity in schoolchildren aged 6-9 years in Spain remain high. Between 2011 and 2019, the prevalence of overweight in children aged 6-8 years and in children whose parents had university degrees decreased, whereas obesity in boys, overweight and obesity in girls and central obesity in both sexes remained stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Gutiérrez-González
- Subdirección General de Nutrición, Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición, Ministerio de Sanidad, Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Andreu-Ivorra
- Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Salud de la Región de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Almudena Rollán-Gordo
- Subdirección General de Nutrición, Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición, Ministerio de Sanidad, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Tejedor-Romero
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta García-Solano
- Subdirección General de Nutrición, Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición, Ministerio de Sanidad, Madrid, Spain.
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Gutiérrez-González E, García-Solano M, Pastor-Barriuso R, Fernández de Larrea-Baz N, Rollán-Gordo A, Peñalver-Argüeso B, Peña-Rey I, Pollán M, Pérez-Gómez B. A nation-wide analysis of socioeconomic and geographical disparities in the prevalence of obesity and excess weight in children and adolescents in Spain: Results from the ENE-COVID study. Pediatr Obes 2024; 19:e13085. [PMID: 37963589 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate national and provincial prevalence of obesity and excess weight in the child and adolescent population in Spain by sex and sociodemographic characteristics, and to explore sources of inequalities in their distribution, and their geographical patterns. METHODS ENE-COVID is a nationwide representative seroepidemiological survey (68 287 participants) stratified by province and municipality size (April-June 2020). Participants answered a questionnaire which collected self-reported weight and height, that allowed estimating crude and model-based standardized prevalences of obesity and excess weight in the 10 543 child and adolescent participants aged 2-17 years. RESULTS Crude prevalences (WHO growth reference) were higher in boys than in girls (obesity: 13.4% vs. 7.9%; excess weight: 33.7% vs. 26.0%; severe obesity: 2.9% vs. 1.2%). These prevalences varied with age, increased with the presence of any adult with excess weight in the household, while they decreased with higher adult educational and census tract average income levels. Obesity by province ranged 1.8%-30.5% in boys and 0%-17.6% in girls; excess weight ranged 15.2%-49.9% in boys and 10.8%-40.8% in girls. The lowest prevalences of obesity and excess weight were found in provinces in the northern half of Spain. Sociodemographic characteristics only partially explained the observed geographical variability (33.6% obesity; 44.2% excess weight). CONCLUSIONS Childhood and adolescent obesity and excess weight are highly prevalent in Spain, with relevant sex, sociodemographic and geographical differences. The geographic variability explained by sociodemographic variables indicates that there are other potentially modifiable factors on which to focus interventions at different geographic levels to fight this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roberto Pastor-Barriuso
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Centre for Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Fernández de Larrea-Baz
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Centre for Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Belén Peñalver-Argüeso
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Centre for Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marina Pollán
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Centre for Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Centre for Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Luo Y, Zhang L, Lu Y, Lin X, Weng Z, Xu Y. Association Between the Serum Copper Levels and Environmental Tobacco Exposure on the Risk of Overweight and Obesity in Children: a Study Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-04037-9. [PMID: 38158458 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-04037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
This study was to assess the individual effects of serum copper levels and environmental tobacco exposure and their joint effects on the risk of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents of 6 to 19 year olds. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 1849 children and adolescents participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 2011 and 2016. Environmental tobacco exposure was determined by cotinine levels. The serum copper level was divided into < median group and ≥ median groups according to the median of 109.81 µg/dL. The outcome was overweight/obese in children and adolescents. Weighted multinomial multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association of serum copper and cotinine levels, with the risk of overweight/obesity, and the joint effects on the risk of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents. The subgroup analyses based on age, gender, and household smoking status were conducted. Among 1849 children and adolescents, 332 children and adolescents had overweight BMI, and 450 children and adolescents had obese BMI. Higher serum copper levels were associated with the risk of obesity in children and adolescents (odds ratio (OR) 2.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.39-6.31, P = 0.006). A positive association between increasing levels of cotinine levels and the risk of overweight (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.16-2.87, P = 0.010) and obesity (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.03-6.40, P = 0.044) in children and adolescents was observed. A remarkable association was found between higher serum copper in combination with higher cotinine levels and the risk of overweight (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.19-8.83, P = 0.023) and obesity (OR 8.76, 95% CI 2.14-35.87, P = 0.003) in children and adolescents. The subgroup analyses revealed positive associations between high serum copper levels in combination with high cotinine levels and overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged ≥ 12 years, of female sex, and without smoking family members. There may exist a joint effect of serum copper levels and environmental tobacco exposure on overweight/obesity among children and adolescents. These findings offer an insight that early weight control and reduction of tobacco exposure and the detection of serum copper levels may be important in reducing the risk of obesity in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
- Xiaorong Luo's Renowned Expert Inheritance Studio, 3Rd Floor, East District, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111, Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Linzhu Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
- Xiaorong Luo's Renowned Expert Inheritance Studio, 3Rd Floor, East District, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111, Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelin Weng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.
- Xiaorong Luo's Renowned Expert Inheritance Studio, 3Rd Floor, East District, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111, Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Youjia Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.
- Xiaorong Luo's Renowned Expert Inheritance Studio, 3Rd Floor, East District, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111, Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, People's Republic of China.
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López Siguero JP, Ramon-Krauel M, Pérez López G, Buiza Fernández MV, Assaf Balut C, Fernández-Aranda F. Attitudes, Behaviors, and Barriers among Adolescents Living with Obesity, Caregivers, and Healthcare Professionals in Spain: ACTION Teens Survey Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3005. [PMID: 37447329 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the prevalence of pediatric obesity is rising, understanding of the perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and barriers to effective obesity care among Spanish adolescents living with obesity (ALwO), their caregivers, and healthcare professionals (HCPs) is lacking. In 2021, the cross-sectional ACTION Teens survey study was conducted in 10 countries; results from the Spanish cohort are presented herein. The survey was completed by 648 ALwO, 644 caregivers, and 251 HCPs in Spain. A total of 25% of ALwO and 43% of caregivers thought that their/their child's weight was normal, and more caregivers than ALwO perceived the ALwO's health to be at least good (95% vs. 59%, respectively). Only 53% of ALwO and 9% of caregivers reported receiving an obesity diagnosis, despite HCPs reporting they provide diagnoses to 87% of ALwO/caregivers. Although 65% of HCPs felt that ALwO may not be comfortable discussing weight, only 26% of ALwO who had discussed weight with an HCP (n = 488) reported not feeling comfortable. Inability to control hunger was a key barrier to ALwO losing weight identified by ALwO/caregivers, but not HCPs. Improved communication between the three groups, a better understanding of barriers to weight loss, and improved health education on obesity are needed in order to enhance obesity care in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Ramon-Krauel
- Department of Endocrinology, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gilberto Pérez López
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Gregorio Marañon, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Clinical Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Psychology Unit, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Homs C, Berruezo P, Arcarons A, Wärnberg J, Osés M, González-Gross M, Gusi N, Aznar S, Marín-Cascales E, González-Valeiro MÁ, Serra-Majem L, Terrados N, Tur JA, Segú M, Fitó M, Benavente-Marín JC, Labayen I, Zapico AG, Sánchez-Gómez J, Jiménez-Zazo F, Alcaraz PE, Sevilla-Sanchez M, Herrera-Ramos E, Pulgar-Muñoz S, Bouzas C, Milà R, Schröder H, Gómez SF. Independent and Joined Association between Socioeconomic Indicators and Pediatric Obesity in Spain: The PASOS Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081987. [PMID: 37111206 PMCID: PMC10143028 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a public health problem worldwide. An important determinant of child and adolescent obesity is socioeconomic status (SES). However, the magnitude of the impact of different SES indicators on pediatric obesity on the Spanish population scale is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the association between three SES indicators and obesity in a nationwide, representative sample of Spanish children and adolescents. A total of 2791 boys and girls aged 8 to 16 years old were included. Their weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. SES was assessed using two parent/legal guardian self-reported indicators (educational level -University/non-University- and labor market status -Employed/Unemployed-). As a third SES indicator, the annual mean income per person was obtained from the census section where the participating schools were located (≥12.731€/<12.731€). The prevalence of obesity, severe obesity, and abdominal obesity was 11.5%, 1.4%, and 22.3%, respectively. Logistic regression models showed an inverse association of both education and labor market status with obesity, severe obesity, and abdominal obesity (all p < 0.001). Income was also inversely associated with obesity (p < 0.01) and abdominal obesity (p < 0.001). Finally, the highest composite SES category (University/Employed/≥12.731€ n = 517) showed a robust and inverse association with obesity (OR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.16-0.48), severe obesity (OR = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.05-0.81), and abdominal obesity (OR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.23-0.54) in comparison with the lowest composite SES category (Less than University/Unemployed/<12.731€; n = 164). No significant interaction between composite SES categories and age and gender was found. SES is strongly associated with pediatric obesity in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Homs
- Gasol Foundation Europe, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Global Research on Wellbeing (GroW), Faculty of Health Sciences, Blanquerna Ramon Llull University, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Berruezo
- Gasol Foundation Europe, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Albert Arcarons
- Office of the High Commissioner against Child Poverty, 28079 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Sociology, National Distance Education University (UNED), 28012 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica en Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Maddi Osés
- IS-FOOD-Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Narcis Gusi
- Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Susana Aznar
- PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha-Toledo Campus, 45071 Toledo, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Marín-Cascales
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Strength & Conditioning Society, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Preventive Medicine Service, Canarian Health Service, Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Nicolás Terrados
- Regional Unit of Sports Medicine-Municipal Sports Foundation of Avilés, 33402 Avilés, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group of Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Marta Segú
- Barça Foundation, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Benavente-Marín
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica en Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IS-FOOD-Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Augusto G Zapico
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Language, Arts and Physical Education, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Sánchez-Gómez
- Physical Activity and Quality of Life Research Group (AFYCAV), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Fabio Jiménez-Zazo
- PAFS Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha-Toledo Campus, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Pedro E Alcaraz
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Strength & Conditioning Society, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Sevilla-Sanchez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, Universida de da Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Estefanía Herrera-Ramos
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Susana Pulgar-Muñoz
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedial Research Center (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group of Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS & Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Raimon Milà
- Global Research on Wellbeing (GroW), Faculty of Health Sciences, Blanquerna Ramon Llull University, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago F Gómez
- Gasol Foundation Europe, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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8
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Fernandez-Alvarez MDM, Zabaleta-Del-Olmo E, Cachero-Rodríguez J, Martin-Payo R. Nutritional content and quality of processed foods and beverages advertised near schools in three cities in the north of Spain. NUTR BULL 2023; 48:66-73. [PMID: 36377713 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The advertisement of food and beverages on television and social media has been widely assessed, evidencing its powerful influence on children's dietary patterns and the development of childhood obesity. However, there is a gap in the evidence about advertisements near schools. The aim of this study was to describe and classify the nutritional quality and information of processed foods and alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages advertised near schools in three cities in the north of Spain. A descriptive analysis was performed from September to December 2021 in the cities of Oviedo, Gijón and Avilés in the Principality of Asturias (Spain). The nutritional quality and information of processed foods or beverages advertised within a 500 m radius of schools were assessed. The Nutri-Score system was used for the classification of the nutritional quality of products and nutritional information, calories, fat, saturated fat, carbohydrates, sugars, protein and salt in 100 g or ml of each product was calculated. A total of 73.5% of the products were classified as "foods to eat less often and in small amounts," and 22.6% and 46.3% were classified as D or E, respectively, according to the Nutri-Score system. Finally, 57.5%, 56.4% and 78.5% of the products showed a medium to high content of fat, saturated fat and sugar, respectively. In conclusion, the food and drink advertisements surrounding schools in the assessed cities promote many products of low nutritional value, rich in fat, saturated fat and sugars, which have high obesogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Mar Fernandez-Alvarez
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,PRECAM Research Team, Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Edurne Zabaleta-Del-Olmo
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.,Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.,Gerència Territorial de Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Cachero-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,PRECAM Research Team, Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rubén Martin-Payo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,PRECAM Research Team, Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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Camarelles Guillem F. [Will the new drugs be able to curb the global epidemic of obesity and overweight?]. Aten Primaria 2023; 55:102518. [PMID: 36442354 PMCID: PMC9706127 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2022.102518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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10
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Mateo-Orcajada A, Abenza-Cano L, Cano-Martínez A, Vaquero-Cristóbal R. The Importance of Healthy Habits to Compensate for Differences between Adolescent Males and Females in Anthropometric, Psychological and Physical Fitness Variables. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121926. [PMID: 36553369 PMCID: PMC9777149 DOI: 10.3390/children9121926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a crucial stage in human development, and differences in psychological, physical and body composition variables between males and females have been amply demonstrated. However, the role played by certain healthy habits, such as the practice of physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD) or the maintenance of an adequate weight status, in compensating for the differences found between males and females in these variables, is not well known. For this reason, the study aimed to analyze whether the practice of physical activity, optimal AMD, and adequate weight status can compensate for the differences between adolescent males and females in anthropometric variables, psychological state, and physical fitness. The sample was composed of 791 adolescents (404 males and 387 females) aged twelve to sixteen years old, whose anthropometric, psychological (autonomy, competence, relatedness, and life satisfaction), and physical fitness variables (cardiorespiratory fitness, upper strength and explosive lower limb power, hamstring and lower back flexibility, and speed) were measured. All measurements were carried out in a single day using the sports pavilion of the four participating schools. The most novel results of this research show that the practice of physical activity was determinant mainly in females, as it reduced the differences found in comparison with males in psychological (p < 0.001−0.045) and anthropometric variables (p < 0.001). Regarding weight status and AMD, these were still relevant for the adolescent population, mainly the achievement of optimal AMD, but males continued to present higher values in physical fitness tests (p < 0.001) and lower values in fat accumulation (p < 0.001), regardless of weight status or AMD. Thus, physical activity seems to be the most determining factor that compensates for the differences between adolescent boys and girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucía Abenza-Cano
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-968-27-82-17
| | | | - Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal
- Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Kinanthropometry International, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
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11
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López Cantos A, Ordaz E, Moya-Geromini MA, Royo-Bordonada MÁ. [Quality of food products announced on television before and after the plan to improve their composition, 2017-2020]. GACETA SANITARIA 2022; 37:102249. [PMID: 36113321 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2022.102249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the nutritional quality of the foods and beverages advertised on television in Spain, before and after the plan to improve their composition. METHOD DTT broadcasts of the more popular channels were recorded in children's hours. Every advertised products in commercial breaks were registered and their nutritional data collected. We compared the distribution of frequencies by food categories and their adherence to the nutritional standards of the World Health Organization in 2017 and 2020. RESULTS In 256h of broadcasting we identified 173 products (78 in 2017 and 95 in 2020). The most advertised products were chocolates (26.9% in 2017 and 22.1% in 2020). 76.3% of the products advertised were unhealthy (76.9% in 2017 vs. 75.8% in 2020; p=0.86). CONCLUSIONS The nutritional profile of the foods and drinks advertised on television, mostly unhealthy, did not change after the implementation of the plan to improve their composition. A regulation is needed to protect children from food advertising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López Cantos
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, España.
| | - Elena Ordaz
- Escuela Nacional de Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
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Marzuillo P, Carreras-Badosa G, Martínez-Calcerrada JM, Guarino S, Palma PL, Petrone D, Miraglia Del Giudice E, Bassols J, López-Bermejo A. Body surface area-based kidney length percentiles misdiagnose small kidneys in children with overweight/obesity. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 38:1523-1532. [PMID: 36053355 PMCID: PMC10060296 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the diagnostic performance of height-, age- and body surface area (BSA)-based kidney length (KL) percentiles in the identification of at least one small kidney (KL < 3rd) and in the prediction of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and/or elevated blood pressure (BP) in children with and without overweight (OW)/obesity(OB). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 744 apparently healthy children (mean age 8.3 years) were recruited in a primary care setting. Clinical data were collected, and serum creatinine and KL were measured. Height-, age- and BSA-based percentiles of KL were calculated and the association of at least one small kidney per subject with reduced eGFR and/or elevated BP was explored by logistic regression. RESULTS Two hundred fifty-seven out of seven hundred forty-four (34.5%) subjects were OW/OB and 127 (17.1%) had reduced eGFR or elevated BP. In separate analyses in children with OW/OB, the KL percentiles calculated on the basis of BSA were lower compared with height- and age-based KL percentiles. Consequently, the prevalence of a small kidney was significantly higher when evaluating percentiles of KL based on BSA compared with other percentiles. In logistic regression analysis, a small kidney was significantly associated with reduced eGFR and/or elevated BP only when using height-based KL percentiles. The KL percentiles according to BSA for the ideal weight (iBSA) showed similar performance compared with height-based percentiles. No differences in the diagnostic performance of different percentiles were found in children with normal weight. CONCLUSIONS BSA-based percentiles underestimate KL in children with OW/OB. In these subjects, the use of height-based or iBSA-based percentiles should be preferred. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Marzuillo
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Gemma Carreras-Badosa
- Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBGI), 17190, Salt, Spain
| | | | - Stefano Guarino
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Palma
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Delfina Petrone
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Miraglia Del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Judit Bassols
- Maternal-Fetal Metabolic Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBGI), 17190, Salt, Spain.
| | - Abel López-Bermejo
- Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBGI), 17190, Salt, Spain
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Dr. Josep Girona Hospital, 17007, Girona, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003, Girona, Spain
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