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Zafar S, Ashraf A, Hayat S, Siddique MH, Waseem M, Hassan M, Qaisar H, Muzammil S. Isolation and characterization of novel cadmium-resistant Escherichia fergusonii ZSF-15 from industrial effluent for flocculant production and antioxidant enzyme activity. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:412. [PMID: 38565815 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12545-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic metal that frequently contaminates our environment. In this study, the bioflocculant-producing, cadmium-resistant Escherichia fergusonii ZSF-15 was characterized from Paharang drain, Bawa Chak, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The Cd-resistant E. fergusonii was used to determine the bioflocculant production using yeast-peptone-glycerol medium (pH 6.5) supplemented with 50 mg L-1 of Cd. The culture was incubated for 3 days at 37 °C in a rotary shaker at 120 rpm. The fermentation broth was centrifuged at 4000 g for 10 min after the incubation period. The maximum flocculating activity by isolate ZSF-15 was found to be 71.4% after 48 h of incubation. According to the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, the bioflocculant produced by strain ZSF-15 was comprised of typical polysaccharide and protein, i.e. hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amino groups. The strain ZSF-15 exhibited bioflocculant activity at range of pH (6-8) and temperature (35-50℃). Maximum flocculation activity (i.e. 71%) was observed at 47℃, whereas 63% flocculation production was observed at pH 8. In the present study, antioxidant enzyme profile of ZSF-15 was also evaluated under cadmium stress. A significant increase in antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (118%) and ascorbate peroxidase (28%) was observed, whereas contents of catalase (86%), glutathione transferase (13%), and peroxidase (8%) were decreased as compared to control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Zafar
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asma Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sumreen Hayat
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hussnain Siddique
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mudassir Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hira Qaisar
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Saima Muzammil
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan.
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Santos JDND, Klimek D, Calusinska M, Lobo-da-Cunha A, Catita J, Gonçalves H, González I, Reyes F, Lage OM. Streptomyces meridianus sp. nov. isolated from brackish water of the Tagus estuary in Alcochete, Portugal. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37486346 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
An isolation effort focused on sporogenous Actinomycetota from the Tagus estuary in Alcochete, Portugal, yielded a novel actinomycetal strain, designated MTZ3.1T, which was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. MTZ3.1T is characterised by morphology typical of members of the genus Streptomyces, with light beige coloured substrate mycelium, which does not release pigments to the culture medium and with helicoidal aerial hyphae that differentiate into spores with a light-grey colour. The phylogeny of MTZ3.1T, based on the full 16S rRNA gene sequence, indicated that its closest relatives were Streptomyces alkaliterrae OF1T (98.48 %), Streptomyces chumphonensis KK1-2T (98.41 %), Streptomyces albofaciens JCM 4342T (98.34 %), Streoptomyces paromomycinus NBRC 15454T (98.34 %) and Streptomyces chrestomyceticus NRBC 13444T (98.34 %). Moreover, average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity (AAI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (dDDH) are below the species cutoff values (ANI 67.70 and 68.35 %, AAI 77.06 and 76.71 % and dDDH 22.10 and 21.50 % for S. alkaliterrae OF1T and S. chumphonensis KK1-2T, respectively). Whole genome sequencing revealed that MTZ3.1T has a genome of 5 644 485 bp with a DNA G+C content of 71.29 mol% and 5044 coding sequences. Physiologically, MTZ3.1T is strictly aerobic, able to grow at 15-37 °C, optimally at 25 °C and between pH5 and 8 and showed high salinity tolerance, growing with 0-10 %(w/v) NaCl. Major cellular fatty acids are C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. Furthermore, it was able to utilise a variety of nitrogen and carbon sources. Antimicrobial screening indicated that MTZ3.1T has potent anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity. On the basis of the polyphasic data, MTZ3.1T is proposed to represent a novel species, Streptomyces meridianus sp. nov. (= CECT 30416T = DSM 114037T=LMG 32463T).
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Affiliation(s)
- José Diogo Neves Dos Santos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n° 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dominika Klimek
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Belvaux, Luxembourg
- The Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM), University of Luxembourg, 4365 Esch-Belval Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Magdalena Calusinska
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Alexandre Lobo-da-Cunha
- Department of Microscopy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Catita
- Paralab, SA, Valbom, Portugal
- FP-I3ID, FP-BHS, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ignacio González
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34 Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud1, 8016 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Reyes
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Avenida del Conocimiento, 34 Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud1, 8016 Granada, Spain
| | - Olga Maria Lage
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n° 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Porto, Portugal
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Mehdiratta K, Nain S, Sharma M, Singh S, Srivastava S, Dhamale BD, Mohanty D, Kamat SS, Natarajan VT, Sharma R, Gokhale RS. Respiratory Quinone Switches from Menaquinone to Polyketide Quinone during the Development Cycle in Streptomyces sp. Strain MNU77. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0259722. [PMID: 36507669 PMCID: PMC9927152 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02597-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) found across Streptomyces species are primarily known for synthesis of a vast repertoire of clinically and industrially relevant secondary metabolites. However, our understanding of the functional relevance of these bioactive metabolites in Streptomyces physiology is still limited. Recently, a role of type III PKS harboring gene cluster in producing alternate electron carrier, polyketide quinone (PkQ) was established in a related member of the Actinobacteria, Mycobacteria, highlighting the critical role these secondary metabolites play in primary cellular metabolism of the producer organism. Here, we report the developmental stage-specific transcriptional regulation of homologous type III PKS containing gene cluster in freshwater Streptomyces sp. strain MNU77. Gene expression analysis revealed the type III PKS gene cluster to be stringently regulated, with significant upregulation observed during the dormant sporulation stage of Streptomyces sp. MNU77. In contrast, the expression levels of only known electron carrier, menaquinone biosynthetic genes were interestingly found to be downregulated. Our liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis of a metabolite extract from the Streptomyces sp. MNU77 spores also showed 10 times more metabolic abundance of PkQs than menaquinones. Furthermore, through heterologous complementation studies, we demonstrate that Streptomyces sp. MNU77 type III PKS rescues a respiratory defect of the Mycobacterium smegmatis type III PKS deletion mutant. Together, our studies reveal that freshwater Streptomyces sp. MNU77 robustly produces novel PkQs during the sporulation stage, suggesting utilization of PkQs as alternate electron carriers across Actinobacteria during dormant hypoxic conditions. IMPORTANCE The complex developmental life cycle of Streptomyces sp. mandates efficient cellular respiratory reconfiguration for a smooth transition from aerated nutrient-rich vegetative hyphal growth to the hypoxic-dormant sporulation stage. Polyketide quinones (PkQs) have recently been identified as a class of alternate electron carriers from a related member of the Actinobacteria, Mycobacteria, that facilitates maintenance of membrane potential in oxygen-deficient niches. Our studies with the newly identified freshwater Streptomyces sp. strain MNU77 show conditional transcriptional upregulation and metabolic abundance of PkQs in the spore state of the Streptomyces life cycle. In parallel, the levels of menaquinones, the only known Streptomyces electron carrier, were downregulated, suggesting deployment of PkQs as universal electron carriers in low-oxygen, unfavorable conditions across the Actinobacteria family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritee Mehdiratta
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sonam Nain
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Meenakshi Sharma
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubham Singh
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | | | - Siddhesh S. Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vivek T. Natarajan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh S. Gokhale
- National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Vasistha S, Balakrishnan D, Manivannan A, Rai MP. Microalgae on distillery wastewater treatment for improved biodiesel production and cellulose nanofiber synthesis: A sustainable biorefinery approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 315:137666. [PMID: 36586450 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane spent wash generates waste at a large scale that impacts the environment, hence the classic waste reuse technology needs to be implemented. An integrated approach of spent wash and microalgae cultivation to produce biodiesel has gained momentum in recent times. However, the microalgae technology lacks the functional utilization of de-oiled microalgae biomass (DOB). This study proposed the development of a microalgae-based advanced process for distillery spent wash treatment, biomass recovery for biodiesel and utilizing algal residue as a step towards waste management. A novel microalga Coelastrella sp KJ-04 grown in distillery spent wash represented with high biomass (4.61g/L) and lipid production (3.6 g/L). The significant reduction in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD, 49.3%), Total Nitrogen (TN, 49.7%), Total Phosphorous (TP, 21.8%), Total Organic Carbon (TOC, 40.2%), Total Sulphur (S, 37.2%) and Potassium (K, 42.5%) were achieved in spent wash. The extracted lipids of Coelastrella sp KJ-04 were converted to Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and examined by Gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to observe the suitability for biodiesel prospect. The de-oiled biomass (DOB) was utilized for the synthesis of Cellulose nanofibers (CNF), purified and estimated with a diameter ranging between 20 and 27 nm. The crystalline structure and functional group of CNF were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The unprecedented work demonstrated the microalgae biorefinery approach for spent wash remediation, biodiesel synthesis and simultaneous production of biodegradable CNF from algal residue to support waste-free technology. In future, CNF can be reinforced into material for concrete as it could be the smart alternative to replace synthetic cement plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrasti Vasistha
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, 201313, India; Institute of Management Studies Ghaziabad (University Courses Campus), NH09, Adhyatmik Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201015, India
| | - Deepanraj Balakrishnan
- College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arthi Manivannan
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Monika Prakash Rai
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, 201313, India.
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Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Bioflocculant-Producing Bacteria from Activated Sludge of Vulindlela Wastewater Treatment Plant. Appl Microbiol 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol1030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The low microbial flocculant yields and efficiencies limit their industrial applications. There is a need to identify bacteria with high bioflocculant production. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify a bioflocculant-producing bacterium from activated sludge wastewater and characterise its bioflocculant activity. The identification of the isolated bacterium was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The optimal medium composition (carbon and nitrogen sources, cations and inoculum size) and culture conditions (temperature, pH, shaking speed and time) were evaluated by the one-factor-at-a-time method. The morphology, functional groups, crystallinity and pyrolysis profile of the bioflocculant were analysed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. The bacterium was identified as Proteus mirabilis AB 932526.1. Its optimal medium and culture conditions were: sucrose (20 g/L), yeast extract (1.2 g/L), MnCl2 (1 g/L), pH 6, 30 °C, inoculation volume (3%), shaking speed (120 rpm) for 72 h of cultivation. SEM micrograph revealed the bioflocculant to be amorphous. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups. The bioflocculant was completely pyrolyzed at temperatures above 800 °C. The bacterium has potential to produce bioflocculant of industrial importance.
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Hu S, Li K, Wang Y, Guo Y, Zhou M, Tang X, Gao J. Streptomyces genisteinicus sp. nov., a novel genistein-producing actinomycete isolated from a Chinese medicinal plant and proposal of Streptomyces michiganensis Corbaz et al. 1957 as a later heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces xanthochromogenes Arishima et al. 1956. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34382928 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel genistein-producing actinobacterial strain, designated strain CRPJ-33T, was isolated from the healthy leaves of a medicinal plant Xanthium sibiricum collected from Hunan Province, PR China. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated strain CRPJ-33T belonged to the genus Streptomyces and had 99.7, 99.0, 98.9, 98.9, 98.8 and 98.7% sequence similarities to Streptomyces zhihengii YIM T102T, Streptomyces eurocidicus NRRL B-1676T, Streptomyces xanthochromogenes NRRL B-5410T, Streptomyces michiganensis NBRC 12797T, Streptomyces mauvecolor LMG 20100T and Streptomyces lavendofoliae NBRC 12882T, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CRPJ-33T was most closely related to S. zhihengii YIM T102T. However, digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between them were much less than the recommended threshold values. Furthermore, differential comparisons of the phenotypic characteristics were enough to distinguish strain CRPJ-33T from S. zhihengii YIM T102T. Meanwhile, the ANI and dDDH values or MLSA distances between strain CRPJ-33T and other type strains, which exhibited ≥98.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to strain CRPJ-33T, were far away from the recommended threshold values. Based on these results, it is thought that strain CRPJ-33T should represent a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces genisteinicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CRPJ-33T (=MCCC 1K04965T=JCM 34526T). In addition, the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic characteristics, as well as phylogenetic information revealed that the type strains of S. xanthochromogenes and S. michiganensis should belong to same genomic species. Consequently, it is proposed that S. michiganensis is a heterotypic synonym of S. xanthochromogenes for which an emended description is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siren Hu
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
| | - Kaiqin Li
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
| | - Yinfeng Wang
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
| | - Yihui Guo
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xinke Tang
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Life Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Safe Utilization of Heavy Metal-Polluted Soils, College of Hunan Province, Xiangtan 411201, PR China
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Li NJ, Lan Q, Wu JH, Liu J, Zhang XH, Zhang F, Yu HQ. Soluble microbial products from the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium as the bioflocculant for municipal wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146662. [PMID: 34030296 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soluble microbial products (SMP), a type of polymers released from microbial metabolism and decay, show great potential for wastewater treatment as bioflocculants; however, biogenic flocculant utilization is currently limited to bacterial SMP. In this study, SMP produced by Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKMF-1767 (SMP-P) was investigated to determine the application potential of fungal SMP. SMP-P exhibited high flocculation activity in kaolin suspension at a dosage range of 0.67-0.84 mg/L with Ca2+ assistance, comparable to that of commercial polyacrylamide. The high molecular weight polysaccharides (2.0 × 106-4.7 × 107 Da) in SMP-P, which enabled flocculation via the bridging mechanism and served as the dominant active constituent, were composed of glucose and arabinose at a molar ratio of 1: 0.03, with (1 → 4, 6)-linked glucose as the main backbone and a small proportion of branched structures. They contained hydroxyl and carboxyl, effective functional groups for the flocculation process, and displayed parallel self-orientation behavior in water. Efficient chemical oxygen demand removal was achieved during municipal wastewater treatment using SMP-P as the bioflocculant. This study demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing fugal SMP as bioflocculants and provides guidance for their practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Jie Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qi Lan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jing-Hang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xue-Hong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Ayangbenro AS, Babalola OO, Aremu OS. Bioflocculant production and heavy metal sorption by metal resistant bacterial isolates from gold mining soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 231:113-120. [PMID: 31128345 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two bioflocculant producing bacterial isolates from mining soil samples were investigated for their application in heavy metal removal. The bacterial isolates were identified as Pseudomonas koreensis and Pantoea sp. using 16S rRNA gene. Cadmium resistant genes cadA and CzcD were detected in Pantoea sp. while P. koreensis harbor CzcD and chrA responsible for Cd and Cr resistance respectively. The isolates showed maximum flocculating activity of 71.3% and 51.7% with glucose and yield of 2.98 g L-1 and 3.26 g L-1 for Pantoea sp. and P. koreensis respectively. The optimum flocculating activity was achieved at pH 7.5 and temperature of 30 °C. Fourier transform infrared analysis of the bioflocculants produced by the two isolates showed the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino groups characteristic of polysaccharide and protein. Heavy metal sorption by bioflocculant of Pantoea sp. removed 51.2% Cd, 52.5% Cr and 80.5% Pb while that of P. koreensis removed 48.5% Cd, 42.5% Cr and 73.7% Pb. The bioflocculants produced have potential in metal removal from industrial wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayansina Segun Ayangbenro
- Food Security and Safety Niche,Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Niche,Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.
| | - Oluwole Samuel Aremu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
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Guo J, Du J, Chen P, Huang X, Chen Q. Enhanced efficiency of swine wastewater treatment by the composite of modified zeolite and a bioflocculant enriched from biological sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:3096-3103. [PMID: 28859597 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1375017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A high-ammonia-resistant strain was firstly isolated from activated sludge and applied to harvest a bioflocculant from a swine wastewater. Enhancement of swine wastewater treatment was investigated by a composite of the harvested bioflocculant and a zeolite modified by integrating calcinations with MgO at 400°C. Results have demonstrated that 71.8% of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), 54.5% of ammonia, and 81.2% of turbidity can be removed from the swine wastewater by the bioflocculant alone. Results have also demonstrated that 73.4% of ammonia could be removed from the swine wastewater by the modified zeolite alone, while almost no COD was removed. Thus, the bioflocculant and modified zeolite were used simultaneously to enhance swine wastewater treatment, and response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the treatment process. Under the optimal treatment conditions of bioflocculant of 12 mg/L, modified zeolite of 8 g/L, pH of 7.5, and agitation speed of 200 r/min, obtained by the RSM, 88.6% of COD, 85.8% of ammonia, and 95.5% of turbidity could be removed from swine wastewater, which were significantly improved compared with that by the bioflocculant or modified zeolite alone. The use of the composite exerted advantages of the bioflocculant and modified zeolite, and provided a feasible way to improve pollutants' removal from wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Guo
- a College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Du
- a College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Peilan Chen
- a College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- a College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyang Chen
- a College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology , Chengdu , People's Republic of China
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Zothanpuia, Passari AK, Leo VV, Chandra P, Kumar B, Nayak C, Hashem A, Abd Allah EF, Alqarawi AA, Singh BP. Bioprospection of actinobacteria derived from freshwater sediments for their potential to produce antimicrobial compounds. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:68. [PMID: 29729667 PMCID: PMC5935920 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0912-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinobacteria from freshwater habitats have been explored less than from other habitats in the search for compounds of pharmaceutical value. This study highlighted the abundance of actinobacteria from freshwater sediments of two rivers and one lake, and the isolates were studied for their ability to produce antimicrobial bioactive compounds. RESULTS 16S rRNA gene sequencing led to the identification of 84 actinobacterial isolates separated into a common genus (Streptomyces) and eight rare genera (Nocardiopsis, Saccharopolyspora, Rhodococcus, Prauserella, Amycolatopsis, Promicromonospora, Kocuria and Micrococcus). All strains that showed significant inhibition potentials were found against Gram-positive, Gram-negative and yeast pathogens. Further, three biosynthetic genes, polyketide synthases type II (PKS II), nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) and aminodeoxyisochorismate synthase (phzE), were detected in 38, 71 and 29% of the strains, respectively. Six isolates based on their antimicrobial potentials were selected for the detection and quantification of standard antibiotics using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Four antibiotics (fluconazole, trimethoprim, ketoconazole and rifampicin) and 35 VOCs were quantified and determined from the methanolic crude extract of six selected Streptomyces strains. CONCLUSION Infectious diseases still remain one of the leading causes of death globally and bacterial infections caused millions of deaths annually. Culturable actinobacteria associated with freshwater lake and river sediments has the prospects for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zothanpuia
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Passari
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | - Vincent Vineeth Leo
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India
| | - Preeti Chandra
- SAIF, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, 226012, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- SAIF, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, 226012, India
| | | | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza, 12511, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd Allah
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Food & Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A Alqarawi
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Food & Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bhim Pratap Singh
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796004, India.
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11
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Agunbiade M, Pohl C, Ashafa O. Bioflocculant production from Streptomyces platensis and its potential for river and waste water treatment. Braz J Microbiol 2018; 49:731-741. [PMID: 29674102 PMCID: PMC6175721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A bacterium isolated from Sterkfontein dam was confirmed to produce bioflocculant with excellent flocculation activity. The 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence analyses revealed the bacteria to have 99% similarity to Streptomyces platensis strain HBUM174787 and the sequence was deposited in the Genbank as Streptomyces platensis with accession number FJ 486385.1. Culture conditions for optimal production of the bioflocculant included glucose as a sole carbon source, resulting in flocculating activity of 90%. Other optimal conditions included: peptone as nitrogen source; presence of Mg2+ as cations and inoculum size of 1.0% (v/v) at neutral pH of 7. Optimum dose of the purified bioflocculant for the clarification of 4g/L kaolin clay suspension at neutral pH was 0.2mg/mL. Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed elemental composition of the purified bioflocculant in mass proportion (%w/w): carbon (21.41), oxygen (35.59), sulphur (26.16), nitrogen (0.62) and potassium (7.48). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl, methoxyl and amino group in the bioflocculant. The bioflocculant produced by S. platensis removed chemical oxygen demand (COD) in river water and meat processing wastewater at efficiencies of 63.1 and 46.6% respectively and reduced their turbidity by 84.3 and 75.6% respectively. The high flocculating rate and removal efficiencies displayed by S. platensis suggests its industrial application in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayowa Agunbiade
- University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Department of Plant Sciences, Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa; University of the Free State, Department of Microbial, Biochemical & Food Biotechnology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Carolina Pohl
- University of the Free State, Department of Microbial, Biochemical & Food Biotechnology, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Omotayo Ashafa
- University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Department of Plant Sciences, Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Phuthaditjhaba, South Africa.
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12
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Effects of Agitation, Aeration and Temperature on Production of a Novel Glycoprotein GP-1 by Streptomyces kanasenisi ZX01 and Scale-Up Based on Volumetric Oxygen Transfer Coefficient. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010125. [PMID: 29324690 PMCID: PMC6017179 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of temperature, agitation and aeration on glycoprotein GP-1 production by Streptomyces kanasenisi ZX01 in bench-scale fermentors were systematically investigated. The maximum final GP-1 production was achieved at an agitation speed of 200 rpm, aeration rate of 2.0 vvm and temperature of 30 °C. By using a dynamic gassing out method, the effects of agitation and aeration on volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa) were also studied. The values of volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient in the logarithmic phase increased with increase of agitation speed (from 14.53 to 32.82 h−1) and aeration rate (from 13.21 to 22.43 h−1). In addition, a successful scale-up from bench-scale to pilot-scale was performed based on volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient, resulting in final GP-1 production of 3.92, 4.03, 3.82 and 4.20 mg/L in 5 L, 15 L, 70 L and 500 L fermentors, respectively. These results indicated that constant volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was appropriate for the scale-up of batch fermentation of glycoprotein GP-1 by Streptomyces kanasenisi ZX01, and this scale-up strategy successfully achieved 100-fold scale-up from bench-scale to pilot-scale fermentor.
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13
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Zhou Y, Zhou X, Yu DL, Sang B, Feng JT, Han LR, Zhang X. Optimization of Fermentation Conditions and Bench-Scale for Improvement of a Novel Glycoprotein GP-1 Production by Streptomyces kanasenisi ZX01. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010137. [PMID: 29320442 PMCID: PMC6017659 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GP-1 is a novel glycoprotein produced by Streptomyces kanasenisi ZX01 that was isolated from soil near Kanas Lake with significant bioactivity against tobacco mosaic virus. However, extremely low fermentation production has largely hindered further research and market applications on glycoprotein GP-1. In this study, response surface methodology was used to optimize fermentation conditions in a shake flask for higher glycoprotein GP-1 production. When the optimized fermentation conditions were inoculum volume of 6%, initial pH of 6.5, and rotating speed of 150 rpm, glycoprotein GP-1 production could reach 0.9253 mg/L, which was increased by 52.14% compared to the original conditions. In addition, scale-up fermentation was conducted in a 5-L bioreactor to preliminarily explore the feasibility for mass production of glycoprotein GP-1 in a large fermentor, obtaining GP-1 production of 2.54 mg/L under the same conditions, which was 2.75 times higher than the production obtained from a shake flask of 0.9253 mg/L. This work will be helpful to improve GP-1 production on a large scale and lay the foundations for developing it as a novel agent against plant virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Dai-Lin Yu
- Agriculture Research Institute, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa 850032, China.
| | - Bu Sang
- Agriculture Research Institute, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa 850032, China.
| | - Jun-Tao Feng
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering & Technology, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Li-Rong Han
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering & Technology, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xing Zhang
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China.
- Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering & Technology, Yangling 712100, China.
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14
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Zhou Y, Sun YB, He HW, Feng JT, Zhang X, Han LR. Optimization of medium compositions to improve a novel glycoprotein production by Streptomyces kanasenisi ZX01. AMB Express 2017; 7:6. [PMID: 28050846 PMCID: PMC5209317 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-016-0316-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces kanasenisi ZX01 was found to produce a novel glycoprotein GP-1 previously, which was secreted into medium and had significant activity against tobacco mosaic virus. However, the low production of GP-1 by strain ZX01 limited its further studies. In order to improve the yield of GP-1, a series of statistical experimental design methods were applied to optimize medium of strain ZX01 in this work. Millet medium was chosen to be the optimal original medium for optimization. Soluble starch and yeast extract were identified as the optimal carbon and nitrogen source using one-factor-at-a-time method. Response surface methodology was used to optimize medium compositions (soluble starch, yeast extract and inorganic salts). A higher yield of GP-1 was 601.33 µg/L after optimization. The optimal compositions of medium were: soluble starch 13.61 g/L, yeast extract 4.19 g/L, NaCl 3.54 g/L, CaCO3 0.28 g/L, millet, 10 g/L. The yield of GP-1 in a 5 L fermentor using optimized medium was 2.54 mg/L, which is much higher than the result of shake flask. This work will be helpful for the improvement of GP-1 production on a large scale and lay a foundation for developing it to be a novel anti-plant virus agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Yu-Bo Sun
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Hong-Wei He
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Jun-Tao Feng
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
- Shannxi Research Center of Biopesticides Engineering and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shannxi China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
- Shannxi Research Center of Biopesticides Engineering and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shannxi China
| | - Li-Rong Han
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
- Shannxi Research Center of Biopesticides Engineering and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shannxi China
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15
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Ntozonke N, Okaiyeto K, Okoli AS, Olaniran AO, Nwodo UU, Okoh AI. A Marine Bacterium, Bacillus sp. Isolated from the Sediment Samples of Algoa Bay in South Africa Produces a Polysaccharide-Bioflocculant. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101149. [PMID: 28961180 PMCID: PMC5664650 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioflocculants mediate the removal of suspended particles from solution and the efficiency of flocculation is dependent on the characteristics of the flocculant. Apart from the merits of biodegradability and harmlessness, bioflocculants could be viable as industrially relevant flocculants as they are a renewable resource. Additionally, the shortcomings associated with the conventionally used flocculants such as aluminium salts and acrylamide polymers, which include dementia and cancer, highlight more the need to use bioflocculants as an alternative. Consequently, in this study a marine sediment bacterial isolate was screened for bioflocculant production. Basic local alignment search tools (BLAST) analysis of 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) sequence of the bacterial isolate showed 98% similarity to Bacillus thuringiensis MR-R1. The bacteria produced bioflocculant optimally with inoculum size (4% v/v) (85%), glucose (85.65%) and mixed nitrogen source (urea, ammonium chloride and yeast extract) (75.9%) and the divalent cation (Ca2+) (62.3%). Under optimal conditions, a maximum flocculating activity of over 85% was attained after 60 h of cultivation. The purified polysaccharide-bioflocculant flocculated optimally at alkaline pH 12 (81%), in the presence of Mn2+ (73%) and Ca2+ (72.8%). The high flocculation activity shown indicates that the bioflocculant may contend favourably as an alternative to the conventionally used flocculants in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ncedo Ntozonke
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
| | - Kunle Okaiyeto
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
| | - Arinze S Okoli
- GenØK-Centre for Biosafety, Forskningsparken i Breivika, Postboks 6418, 9294 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Ademola O Olaniran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
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16
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Li Y, Xu Y, Zheng T, Wang H. Flocculation mechanism of the actinomycete Streptomyces sp. hsn06 on Chlorella vulgaris. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 239:137-143. [PMID: 28521222 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an actinomycete Streptomyces sp. hsn06 with the ability to harvest Chlorella vulgaris biomass was used to investigate the flocculation mechanism. Streptomyces sp. hsn06 exhibited flocculation activity on algal cells through mycelial pellets with adding calcium. Calcium was determined to promote flocculation activity of mycelial pellets as a bridge binding with mycelial pellets and algal cells, which implied that calcium bridging is the main flocculation mechanism for mycelial pellets. Characteristics of flocculation activity confirmed proteins in mycelial pellets involved in flocculation procedure. The morphology and structure of mycelial pellets also caused dramatic effects on flocculation activity of mycelial pellets. According to the results, Streptomyces sp. hsn06 can be used as a novel flocculating microbial resource for high-efficiency harvesting of microalgae biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yanting Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Tianling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hailei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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17
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Guo J, Huang Y, Chen C, Xiao Y, Chen J, Jian B. Enhanced anaerobically digested swine wastewater treatment by the composite of polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and Bacillus megatherium G106 derived EPS. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8605. [PMID: 28819273 PMCID: PMC5561036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A strain was isolated from biological sludge to produce EPS by using anaerobically digested swine wastewater (ADSW). Potential of the EPS in ADSW treatment were discussed. Results showed that the optimal fermentation medium for EPS production was determined as 4 g K2HPO4, 2 g KH2PO4, and 2 g sucrose dissolved in 1 L ADSW. After fermentation for 60 h, 2.98 g EPS with main backbone of polysaccharides can be extracted from 1 L of fermentation broth. The EPS showed good performances in ADSW treatment, after conditioned by this EPS, removal efficiencies of COD, ammonia, and TP reached 70.2%, 76.5% and 82.8%, respectively, which were higher than that obtained when chemicals were selected as conditioning agents. Removal efficiencies were further improved when the EPS and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) were used simultaneously, and finally reached 91.6%, 90.8%, and 92.5%, respectively, under the optimized conditioning process by the composite of EPS of 16 mg/L, PAC of 12 g/L, pH of 7.5, and agitation speed of 200 r/min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China.
| | - Yang Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China.
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China
| | - Biyu Jian
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China
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18
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Guo J, Chen C. Removal of arsenite by a microbial bioflocculant produced from swine wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 181:759-766. [PMID: 28478236 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper focused on the production and characteristics of a bioflocculant by using swine wastewater and its application in removing arsenite from aqueous solution. A series of experimental parameters including bioflocculant dose, calcium ions concentration, and solution pH value on arsenite uptake were evaluated. Results have demonstrated that a bioflocculant of 3.11 g L-1 was achieved as the maximum yield after 60 h fermentation, with a main backbone of polysaccharides. Maximum arsenite removal efficiency of 99.2% can be reached by adding bioflocculant in two stages: 3 × 10-3% (w/w) in the 1.0 min's rapid mixing (180 rpm) and 2 × 10-3% (w/w) after 2.0 min's slow mixing (80 rpm) with pH value fixed at 7. Negative Gibbs free energy change (ΔGo) indicated the spontaneous nature of arsenite removal. Arsenite was removed by the bioflocculant through bridging mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China.
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China
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19
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Abd El-Salam AE, Abd-El-Haleem D, Youssef AS, Zaki S, Abu-Elreesh G, El-Assar SA. Isolation, characterization, optimization, immobilization and batch fermentation of bioflocculant produced by Bacillus aryabhattai strain PSK1. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2017; 15:335-344. [PMID: 30647672 PMCID: PMC6296622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Among others, isolate PSK1 was selected and identified by 16 S rDNA sequencing as Bacillus aryabhattai. Growth optimization of PSK1 and physicochemical parameters affected bioflocculant production was carried out by Plackett-Burman design and resulted in increasing in the activity by 4.5%. Bioflocculant production by entrapped and adsorbed immobilized microbial cells was performed using different techniques and revealed enhancement in the activity in particular with pumice adsorption. HPLC analysis of sugars and amino acids composition, FTIR and the effect of different factors on the purified PSK1 biopolymer such as presence of cations, thermal stability, pH range and clay concentration was carried out. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of free, immobilized cells, PSK1 bioflocculant and formed flocs were performed. The results revealed that bioflocculant PSK1 is mainly glycoprotein consists of glucose and rhamnose with a large number of amino acids in which arginine and phenylalanine were the major. SEM analysis demonstrated that PSK1 have a clear crystalline rod shaped structure. FTIR spectrum reported the presence of hydroxyl and amino groups which are preferred in flocculation process. PSK1 was soluble in water and insoluble in all other tested organic solvents, while it was thermally stable from 40 to 80 °C. Among examined cations, CaCl2 was the best coagulant. The maximum flocculation activity of the PSK1 recorded at 50 °C (92.8%), pH 2.0 (94.56%) with clay concentration range 5-9 g/l. To obtain a large amount of PSK1 bioflocculant with high flocculating activity, batch fermentation was employed. The results recorded ∼6 g/l yield after 24 h of fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayat E. Abd El-Salam
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Desouky Abd-El-Haleem
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, 21934 Burgelarab, Alexandria, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Amany S. Youssef
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sahar Zaki
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, 21934 Burgelarab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Gadallah Abu-Elreesh
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, 21934 Burgelarab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samy A. El-Assar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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20
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Ntsangani N, Okaiyeto K, Uchechukwu NU, Olaniran AO, Mabinya LV, Okoh AI. Bioflocculation potentials of a uronic acid-containing glycoprotein produced by Bacillus sp. AEMREG4 isolated from Tyhume River, South Africa. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:78. [PMID: 28500400 PMCID: PMC5429313 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0695-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioflocculants are secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms during their growth which have received attentions due to their biodegradability, innocuousness and lack of secondary pollution from degradation intermediates. This study reports on a bioflocculant produced by Bacillus specie isolated from Thyume River in South Africa. The bacterial isolate was identified through 16S rDNA sequencing and the BLAST analysis of the nucleotide sequences revealed 99% similarity to Bacillus sp. BCT-7112. The sequence was subsequently deposited in the GenBank as Bacillus sp. AEMREG4 with accession number KP406729. The optimum culture conditions for bioflocculant production were an inoculum size 4% (v/v) (80%) and starch (81%) as well as yeast extract (82%) as sole carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. Addition of Ca2+ greatly enhanced the flocculating activity (76%) of crude bioflocculant over a wide range of pH 4–10 and retained high flocculating activity when heated at 100 °C for 1 h. Chemical analyses of the purified bioflocculant revealed carbohydrate (79% w/w) as a predominant component followed by uronic acid (15% w/w) and protein (5% w/w). Fourier transform infrared spectrum revealed the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl and methoxyl groups as the functional groups responsible for flocculation and the high flocculation activity achieved portends its industrial applicability.
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21
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Muthulakshmi L, Nellaiah H, Kathiresan T, Rajini N, Christopher F. Identification and production of bioflocculants by Enterobacter sp. and Bacillus sp. and their characterization studies. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 47:458-467. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2017.1292287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Muthulakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam University, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - H. Nellaiah
- Research and Development Department, Bangalore Biotech Labs (BiOZEEN), Bangalore, India
| | - T. Kathiresan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam University, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - N. Rajini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam University, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Fenila Christopher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of West Hungary, Szombathely, Hungary
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Chen H, Zhong C, Berkhouse H, Zhang Y, Lv Y, Lu W, Yang Y, Zhou J. Removal of cadmium by bioflocculant produced by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia using phenol-containing wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 155:163-169. [PMID: 27108374 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bioflocculants have been applied in numerous applications including heavy metals removal. A major bottleneck for commercial application of bioflocculant is its high production cost. Phenol-containing wastewater are abundantly available. However, the toxic phenol inhibited the microbial activities in the subsequent fermentation processes. Consequently, strains that can secrete phenol-degrading enzymes and simultaneously produce bioflocculants through directly degrading the phenol are of academic and practical interests. A phenol-degrading strain, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ZZC-06, which can produce the bioflocculant MBF-06 using phenol-containing wastewater, was isolated in this study. The effects of culture conditions including initial pH, dissolved oxygen, phenol concentration, inoculum size, and temperature on MBF-06 production were analyzed. The experimental results showed that over 90% flocculating activity was achieved when the phenol was used as a carbon source and 4.99 g/L of MBF-06 was achieved under the optimized condition: 2.0% dissolved oxygen, 800 mg/L phenol concentration, 10% inoculum size, an initial pH of 6.0, and a temperature of 30 °C. The bioflocculant MBF-06 contained 71.2% polysaccharides and 27.9% proteins. The feasibility of cadmium removal using MBF-06 was evaluated. The highest flocculating efficiency for cadmium was 81.43%. This study shows for the first time that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ZZC-06 can directly convert phenol into a bioflocculant, which can be used to effectively remove cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggao Chen
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Chunying Zhong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti-cancer Active Ingredients, Chemistry and Biology Science College, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Hudson Berkhouse
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Youlang Zhang
- Department of Political Science, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843, USA
| | - Yao Lv
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Wanyu Lu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Yongbing Yang
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China.
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Pal S, Banat F, Almansoori A, Abu Haija M. Review of technologies for biotreatment of refinery wastewaters: progress, challenges and future opportunities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2016.1164252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sreela Pal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ali Almansoori
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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Okaiyeto K, Nwodo UU, Mabinya LV, Okoli AS, Okoh AI. Evaluation of flocculating performance of a thermostable bioflocculant produced by marine Bacillus sp. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:1829-1842. [PMID: 26797258 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1133717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the bioflocculant (named MBF-W7) production potential of a bacterial isolate obtained from Algoa Bay, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acids gene sequence analysis showed 98% sequence similarity to Bacillus licheniformis strain W7. Optimum culture conditions for MBF-W7 production include 5% (v/v) inoculum size, maltose and NH4NO3 as carbon and nitrogen sources of choice, medium pH of 6 as the initial pH of the growth medium. Under these optimal conditions, maximum flocculating activity of 94.9% was attained after 72 h of cultivation. Chemical composition analyses showed that the purified MBF-W7 was a glycoprotein which was predominantly composed of polysaccharides 73.7% (w/w) and protein 6.2% (w/w). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups as the main functional groups identified in the bioflocculant molecules. Thermogravimetric analyses showed the thermal decomposition profile of MBF-W7. Scanning electron microscopy imaging revealed that bridging played an important role in flocculation. MBF-W7 exhibited excellent flocculating activity for kaolin clay suspension at 0.2 mg/ml over a wide pH range of 3-11; with the maximal flocculation rate of 85.8% observed at pH 3 in the presence of Mn(2+). It maintained and retained high flocculating activity of over 70% after heating at 100°C for 60 min. MBF-W7 showed good turbidity removal potential (86.9%) and chemical oxygen demand reduction efficiency (75.3%) in Tyume River. The high flocculating rate of MBF-W7 makes it an attractive candidate to replace chemical flocculants utilized in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunle Okaiyeto
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
| | - Leonard V Mabinya
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
| | - Arinze S Okoli
- c GenØK Centre for Biosafety , Forskningsparken i Breivika , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
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Okaiyeto K, Nwodo UU, Mabinya LV, Okoli AS, Okoh AI. Characterization of a Bioflocculant (MBF-UFH) Produced by Bacillus sp. AEMREG7. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:12986-3003. [PMID: 26062133 PMCID: PMC4490482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160612986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A bioflocculant named MBF-UFH produced by a Bacillus species isolated from sediment samples of Algoa Bay of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa was characterized. The bacterial identification was through 16S rDNA sequencing; nucleotide sequences were deposited in GenBank as Bacillus sp. AEMREG7 with Accession Number KP659187. The production of the bioflocculant was observed to be closely associated with cell growth. The bioflocculant had the highest flocculating activity of 83.2% after 72 h of cultivation, and approximately 1.6 g of purified MBF-UFH was recovered from 1 L of fermentation broth. Its chemical analyses indicated that it is a glycoprotein composed of polysaccharide (76%) and protein (14%). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that it consisted of hydroxyl, amide, carboxyl and methoxyl as the functional moieties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the amorphous structure of MBF-UFH and flocculated kaolin clay particles. The maximum flocculating activity of 92.6% against kaolin clay suspension was achieved at 0.3 mg/mL over pH ranges of 3-11 with the peak flocculating rate at pH 8 in the presence of MgCl2. The bioflocculant retained high flocculating activity of 90% after heating at 100 °C for 1 h. MBF-UFH appears to have immense potential as an alternative to conventional chemical flocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunle Okaiyeto
- South Africa-Medical Research Council (SA-MRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, 5700 Alice, South Africa.
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, 5700 Alice, South Africa.
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- South Africa-Medical Research Council (SA-MRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, 5700 Alice, South Africa.
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, 5700 Alice, South Africa.
| | - Leonard V Mabinya
- South Africa-Medical Research Council (SA-MRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, 5700 Alice, South Africa.
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, 5700 Alice, South Africa.
| | - Arinze S Okoli
- GenØK-Centre for Biosafety, Forskningsparken i Breivika, Postboks 6418, 9294 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- South Africa-Medical Research Council (SA-MRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, 5700 Alice, South Africa.
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, 5700 Alice, South Africa.
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Salehizadeh H, Yan N. Recent advances in extracellular biopolymer flocculants. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:1506-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Subudhi S, Batta N, Pathak M, Bisht V, Devi A, Lal B, Al khulifah B. Bioflocculant production and biosorption of zinc and lead by a novel bacterial species, Achromobacter sp. TERI-IASST N, isolated from oil refinery waste. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 113:116-124. [PMID: 25065798 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A bioflocculant-producing bacterial isolate designated as 'TERI-IASST N' was isolated from activated sludge samples collected from an oil refinery. This isolate demonstrated maximum bioflocculation activity (74%) from glucose among 15 different bioflocculant-producing bacterial strains isolated from the sludge samples and identified as Achromobacter sp. based on 16S rRNA gene sequence. Optimization of pH and supplementation of urea as nitrogen source in the production medium enhanced the flocculation activity of strain TERI-IASST N to 84% (at pH 6). This strain revealed maximum flocculation activity (90%) from sucrose compared to the flocculation activity observed from other carbon sources as investigated (glucose, lactose, fructose, maltose and starch). Ca(2+) served as the suitable divalent cation for maximum bioflocculation activity of TERI-IASST strain N. Maximum flocculation activity was observed at optimum C/N ratio of 1. Flocculation activity of this strain decreased to 75% in the presence of heavy metals; Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu and Cd. In addition strain N revealed considerable biosorption of Zn (430mgL(-1)) and Pb (30mgL(-1)). Bioflocculant yield of strain N was 10.5gL(-1). Fourier transform infrared spectrum indicated the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups, typical of glycoprotein. Spectroscopic analysis of bioflocculant by nuclear magnetic resonance revealed that it is a glycoprotein, consisting of 57% total sugar and 13% protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjukta Subudhi
- Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, Lodi Road, New Delhi, India.
| | - Neha Batta
- Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, Lodi Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Mihirjyoti Pathak
- Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Varsha Bisht
- Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, Lodi Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Arundhuti Devi
- Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Banwari Lal
- Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, Lodi Road, New Delhi, India.
| | - Bader Al khulifah
- Kuwait International Law School, Kuwait International Legal Research Center, Doha City, Kuwait
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Nwodo UU, Okoh AI. Mixed culture fermentation and media optimization by response surface model: Streptomyces and Brachybacterium species in bioflocculant production. Molecules 2014; 19:11131-44. [PMID: 25076145 PMCID: PMC6271801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190811131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The biofloculant production potential of a consortium of Streptomyces and Brachybacterium species were evaluated. Optimum bioflocculant yields (g/L) and flocculation activities (%) were observed for the following preferred nutritional sources: glucose (56%; 2.78 ± 0.15 g/L), (NH4)2NO3 (53%; 2.81 ± 0.37 g/L) and CaSO4·H2O (47%; 2.19 ± 0.13 g/L). A Plackett-Burman design revealed the critical fermentation media components. The concentrations of these components were optimized [glucose; 16.0, (NH4)2NO3; 0.5 and CaSO4·H2O; 1.2 (g/L)] through a central composite design with optimum bioflocculant yield of 3.02 g/L and flocculation activity of 63.7%. The regression coefficient (R2 = 0.6569) indicates a weak estimation of the model’s adequacy and a high lack-of-fit value (34.1%). Lack of synergy in the consortium may have been responsible for the model inadequacy observed. FTIR spectrometry showed the bioflocculant to be a heteropolysaccharide, while SEM imaging revealed an amorphous loosely arranged fluffy structure with interstial spacing of less than 1 µm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.
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Pathak M, Devi A, Sarma HK, Lal B. Application of bioflocculating property of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain IASST201 in treatment of oil-field formation water. J Basic Microbiol 2014; 54:658-69. [PMID: 24740803 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201301011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A bioflocculating activity of 89.8% was depicted by an activated sludge-borne bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain IASST201 with a yield of bioflocculant of 2.68 g L(-1) obtained from production media broth after optimization of different parameters. The highest bioflocculation efficiency was found at the pre-stationary phase of the bacterial growth period in the production media broth at 96th hour examined from a growth-flocculation kinetics study. 85.67% of bioflocculation was observed in oil-field formation water, with a separation of 68.7% of aliphatic hydrocarbon contents of the formation water after the application of the bacterial bioflocculant by entrapment mechanism with formation of flocs which was analyzed and examined comparatively through gas-chromatography. Extensive removal of heavy metal contents of the oil-field formation water due to bioflocculation was estimated by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The SEM and AFM studies declare the extracellular polymeric nature of the bioflocculant produced by this bacterium clumped within bacterial biofilm supported with FTIR study of the extracted bioflocculant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihirjyoti Pathak
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Bioflocculant production by a consortium of Streptomyces and Cellulomonas species and media optimization via surface response model. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 116:257-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Wang L, Lee DJ, Ma F, Wang A, Ren N. Bioflocculants from isolated strain or mixed culture: Role of phosphate salts and Ca2+ ions. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Luvuyo N, Nwodo UU, Mabinya LV, Okoh AI. Studies on bioflocculant production by a mixed culture of Methylobacterium sp. Obi and Actinobacterium sp. Mayor. BMC Biotechnol 2013; 13:62. [PMID: 23915393 PMCID: PMC3750929 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-13-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bioflocculants effect the aggregation of suspended solutes in solutions thus, a viable alternative to inorganic poly-ionic and synthetic organic flocculants which are associated with deleterious health problems. Consequently, a consortium of two bacteria species were evaluated for optimized bioflocculant yield following the inadequacies of axenic cultures. Results 16S rDNA nucleotide sequencing and BLAST analysis of nucleotide sequences were used to identify the bacterial species, carbon and nitrogen sources optimally supporting bioflocculant production were assessed and the purified bioflocculant characterized. Nucleotide sequences showed 97% and 96% similarity to Methylobacterium sp. AKB-2008-KU9 and Methylobacterium sp. strain 440. The second isolate, likewise, showed 98% similarity to Actinobacterium OR-221. The sequences were deposited in GenBank as Methylobacterium sp. Obi [accession number HQ537130] and Actinobacterium sp. Mayor [accession number JF799090]. Flocculating activity of 95% was obtained in the presence of Ca2+ and heat-stability was exhibited with retention of above 70% activity at 100°C in 30 min. In addition, bioflocculant yield was about 8.203 g/l. A dose of 1 mg/ml of purified bioflocculant was optimal for the clarification of Kaolin suspension (100 ml) following Jar test. FTIR spectrum revealed the presence of carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups amongst others. Conclusions The mixed culture produced bioflocculant with high flocculating activity and an improved yield. The efficiency observed with jar test may imply industrial applicability.
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Nwodo U, Okoh A. Characterization and flocculation properties of biopolymeric flocculant (glycosaminoglycan) produced by Cellulomonas
sp. Okoh. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 114:1325-37. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U.U. Nwodo
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), University of Fort Hare; Alice South Africa
| | - A.I. Okoh
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), University of Fort Hare; Alice South Africa
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