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Wang X, Li M, Liu Z, Shi Z, Yu D, Ge B, Huang F. Carbonic anhydrase encapsulation using bamboo cellulose scaffolds for efficient CO 2 capture and conversion. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134410. [PMID: 39097058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing carbonic anhydrase (CA) to catalyze CO2 hydration offers a sustainable and potent approach for carbon capture and utilization. To enhance CA's reusability and stability for successful industrial applications, enzyme immobilization is essential. In this study, delignified bamboo cellulose served as a renewable porous scaffold for immobilizing CA through oxidation-induced cellulose aldehydation followed by Schiff base linkage. The catalytic performance of the resulting immobilized CA was evaluated using both p-NPA hydrolysis and CO2 hydration models. Compared to free CA, immobilization onto the bamboo scaffold increased CA's optimal temperature and pH to approximately 45 °C and 9.0, respectively. Post-immobilization, CA activity demonstrated effective retention (>60 %), with larger scaffold sizes (i.e., 8 mm diameter and 5 mm height) positively impacting this aspect, even surpassing the activity of free CA. Furthermore, immobilized CA exhibited sustained reusability and high stability under thermal treatment and pH fluctuation, retaining >80 % activity even after 5 catalytic cycles. When introduced to microalgae culture, the immobilized CA improved biomass production by ∼16 %, accompanied by enhanced synthesis of essential biomolecules in microalgae. Collectively, the facile and green construction of immobilized CA onto bamboo cellulose block demonstrates great potential for the development of various CA-catalyzed CO2 conversion and utilization technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China.
| | - Menghan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Zhuang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Daoyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Baosheng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China.
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Kučuk N, Primožič M, Kotnik P, Knez Ž, Leitgeb M. Mango Peels as an Industrial By-Product: A Sustainable Source of Compounds with Antioxidant, Enzymatic, and Antimicrobial Activity. Foods 2024; 13:553. [PMID: 38397530 PMCID: PMC10888073 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant waste materials are important sources of bioactive compounds with remarkable health-promoting benefits. In particular, industrial by-products such as mango peels are sustainable sources of bioactive substances, with antioxidant, enzymatic, and antimicrobial activity. Appropriate processing is essential to obtain highly bioactive compounds for further use in generating value-added products for the food industry. The objective of the study was to investigate and compare the biological activity of compounds from fresh and dried mango peels obtained by different conventional methods and unconventional extraction methods using supercritical fluids (SFE). The highest total phenolic content (25.0 mg GAE/g DW) and the total content of eight phenolic compounds (829.92 µg/g DW) determined by LC-MS/MS were detected in dried mango peel extract obtained by the Soxhlet process (SE). SFE gave the highest content of proanthocyanidins (0.4 mg PAC/g DW). The ethanolic ultrasonic process (UAE) provided the highest antioxidant activity of the product (82.4%) using DPPH radical scavenging activity and total protein content (2.95 mg protein/g DW). Overall, the dried mango peels were richer in bioactive compounds (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, catechin, and hesperidin/neohesperidin), indicating successful preservation during air drying. Furthermore, outstanding polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lipase activities were detected in mango peel extracts. This is the first study in which remarkable antibacterial activities against the growth of Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) were evaluated by determining the microbial growth inhibition rate after 12 and 24 h incubation periods for mango peel extracts obtained by different methods. Ethanolic SE and UAE extracts from dried mango peels resulted in the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC90) for all bacterial species tested. Mango peels are remarkable waste products that could contribute to the sustainable development of exceptional products with high-added value for various applications, especially as dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Kučuk
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Mateja Primožič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Petra Kotnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Željko Knez
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (N.K.); (M.P.); (P.K.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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3
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Kanprakobkit W, Wichai U, Bunyapraphatsara N, Kielar F. Isolation of Fatty Acids from the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Capsaicinoids and Their Use in Enzymatic Acidolysis of Coconut Oil. J Oleo Sci 2023; 72:1097-1111. [PMID: 37989304 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess23112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we report the optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of a mixture of capsaicinoids, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin obtained from chili peppers, and the utilization of the isolated fatty acids for the modification of coconut oil using enzyme catalyzed acidolysis. This work was carried out as the fatty acids that can be isolated from capsaicinoid hydrolysis have been shown to possess interesting biological properties. These biological properties could be better exploited by incorporating the fatty acids into a suitable delivery vehicle. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the mixture of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin was carried out using Novozym® 435 in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) at 50℃. The enzyme catalyst could be reused in multiple cycles of the hydrolysis reaction. The desired 8-methyl-6-trans-nonenoic acid and 8-methylnonanoic acid were isolated from the hydrolysis reaction mixture using a simple extraction procedure with a 47.8% yield. This was carried out by first extracting the reaction mixture at pH 10 with ethyl acetate to remove any dissolved capsaicinoids and vanillyl amine side product. The fatty acids were isolated after adjustment of the pH of the reaction mixture to 5 and second extraction with ethyl acetate. The acidolysis of coconut oil with the obtained fatty acids was performed using Lipozyme® TL IM. The performance of the acidolysis reaction was evaluated using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and verified in selected cases using gas chromatography. The best performing conditions involved carrying out the acidolysis reaction at 60℃ with a 1.2 w/w ratio of the fatty acids to coconut oil and 10% enzyme loading for 72 h. This resulted in the incorporation of 26.61% and 9.86% of 8-methyl-6-trans-nonenoic acid and 8-methylnonanoic acid, respectively, into the modified coconut oil product. This product can act as a potential delivery vehicle for these interesting compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winranath Kanprakobkit
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University
| | - Uthai Wichai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University
| | | | - Filip Kielar
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University
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4
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Guo S, Wang S, Meng J, Gu D, Yang Y. Immobilized enzyme for screening and identification of anti-diabetic components from natural products by ligand fishing. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:242-257. [PMID: 35156475 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.2025034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease caused by insufficient insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Natural product is one of the most important resources for anti-diabetic drug. However, due to the extremely complex composition, this research is facing great challenges. After the advent of ligand fishing technology based on enzyme immobilization, the efficiency of screening anti-diabetic components has been greatly improved. In order to provide critical knowledge for future research in this field, the application progress of immobilized enzyme in screening anti-diabetic components from complex natural extracts in recent years was reviewed comprehensively, including novel preparation technologies and strategies of immobilized enzyme and its outstanding application prospect in many aspects. The basic principles and preparation steps of immobilized enzyme were briefly described, including entrapment, physical adsorption, covalent binding, affinity immobilization, multienzyme system and carrier-free immobilization. New formatted immobilized enzymes with different carriers, hollow fibers, magnetic materials, microreactors, metal organic frameworks, etc., were widely used to screen anti-diabetic compositions from various natural products, such as Ginkgo biloba, Morus alba, lotus leaves, Pueraria lobata, Prunella vulgaris, and Magnolia cortex. Furthermore, the challenges and future prospects in this field were put forward in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Guo
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Meng
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Dongyu Gu
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China.,College of Marine Science and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
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5
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Golgeri M DB, Mulla SI, Bagewadi ZK, Tyagi S, Hu A, Sharma S, Bilal M, Bharagava RN, Ferreira LFR, Gurumurthy DM, Nadda AK. A systematic review on potential microbial carbohydrases: current and future perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:438-455. [PMID: 35930295 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2106545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Various studies have shown that the microbial proteins are often more stable than belongs to other sources like plant and animal origin. Hence, the interest in microbial enzymes has gained much attention due to many potential applications like bioenergy, biofuel production, biobleaching, bioconversion and so on. Additionally, recent trends revealed that the interest in isolating novel microbes from harsh environments have been the main focus of many scientists for various applications. Basically, industrially important enzymes can be categorized into mainly three groups: carbohydrases, proteases, and lipases. Among those, the enzymes especially carbohydrases involved in production of sugars. Carbohydrases include amylases, xylanases, pectinases, cellulases, chitinases, mannases, laccases, ligninases, lactase, glucanase, and glucose oxidase. Thus, here, an approach has been made to highlight five enzymes namely amylase, cellulase, laccase, pectinase, and xylanase from different sources with special emphasis on their properties, mechanism, applications, production optimization, purification, molecular approaches for its enhanced and stable production, and also biotechnological perspectives of its future development. Also, green and sustainable catalytic conversion strategies using nanoparticles of these enzymes have also been discussed. This review will provide insight into the carbohydrases importance and their usefulness that will help to the researchers working in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilshad Begum Golgeri M
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Allied Health Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Academy Degree College-Autonomous Kalyanagar, Bangalore, India
| | - Sikandar I Mulla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Allied Health Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India
| | - Zabin K Bagewadi
- Department of Biotechnology, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, India
| | - Swati Tyagi
- IRRI- South Asia Regional centre, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anyi Hu
- Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Xiamen, China
| | - Swati Sharma
- University Institute of Biotechnology (UIBT), Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Ram Naresh Bharagava
- Department of Microbiology (DM), School for Environmental Sciences (SES), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Ashok Kumar Nadda
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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6
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Chauhan V, Kaushal D, Dhiman VK, Kanwar SS, Singh D, Dhiman VK, Pandey H. An Insight in Developing Carrier-Free Immobilized Enzymes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:794411. [PMID: 35309979 PMCID: PMC8924610 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.794411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes play vital roles in all organisms. The enzymatic process is progressively at its peak, mainly for producing biochemical products with a higher value. The immobilization of enzymes can sometimes tremendously improve the outcome of biocatalytic processes, making the product(s) relatively pure and economical. Carrier-free immobilized enzymes can increase the yield of the product and the stability of the enzyme in biocatalysis. Immobilized enzymes are easier to purify. Due to these varied advantages, researchers are tempted to explore carrier-free methods used for the immobilization of enzymes. In this review article, we have discussed various aspects of enzyme immobilization, approaches followed to design a process used for immobilization of an enzyme and the advantages and disadvantages of various common processes used for enzyme immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
| | - Diksha Kaushal
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
| | | | - Shamsher Singh Kanwar
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
- *Correspondence: Shamsher Singh Kanwar,
| | - Devendra Singh
- B.N. College of Engineering and Technology, Lucknow, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Dhiman
- Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan, India
| | - Himanshu Pandey
- Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan, India
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7
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Abstract
Starch and pullulan degrading enzymes are essential industrial biocatalysts. Pullulan-degrading enzymes are grouped into pullulanases (types I and type II) and pullulan hydrolase (types I, II and III). Generally, these enzymes hydrolyse the α-1,6 glucosidic bonds (and α-1,4 for certain enzyme groups) of substrates and form reducing sugars such as glucose, maltose, maltotriose, panose or isopanose. This review covers two main aspects: (i) bibliometric analysis of publications and patents related to pullulan-degrading enzymes and (ii) biological aspects of free and immobilised pullulan-degrading enzymes and protein engineering. The collective data suggest that most publications involved researchers within the same institution or country in the past and current practice. Multi-national interaction shall be improved, especially in tapping the enzymes from unculturable prokaryotes. While the understanding of pullulanases may reach a certain extend of saturation, the discovery of pullulan hydrolases is still limited. In this report, we suggest readers consider using the next-generation sequencing technique to fill the gaps of finding more new sequences encoding pullulan-degrading enzymes to expand the knowledge body of this topic.
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8
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Tacias-Pascacio VG, Morellon-Sterling R, Castañeda-Valbuena D, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Kamli MR, Tavano O, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Immobilization of papain: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:94-113. [PMID: 34375660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Papain is a cysteine protease from papaya, with many applications due to its broad specificity. This paper reviews for first time the immobilization of papain on different supports (organic, inorganic or hybrid supports) presenting some of the features of the utilized immobilization strategies (e.g., epoxide, glutaraldehyde, genipin, glyoxyl for covalent immobilization). Special focus is placed on the preparation of magnetic biocatalysts, which will permit the simple recovery of the biocatalyst even if the medium is a suspension. Problems specific to the immobilization of proteases (e.g., steric problems when hydrolyzing large proteins) are also defined. The benefits of a proper immobilization (enzyme stabilization, widening of the operation window) are discussed, together with some artifacts that may suggest an enzyme stabilization that may be unrelated to enzyme rigidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veymar G Tacias-Pascacio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico; Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Roberto Morellon-Sterling
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC./Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain; Student of Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Darwin 2, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain
| | - Daniel Castañeda-Valbuena
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Majid Rasool Kamli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddad 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddad 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Olga Tavano
- Faculty of Nutrition, Alfenas Federal Univ., 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St, Alfenas, MG 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis. ICP-CSIC./Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid. Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, External advisory board, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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9
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Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen TT, Tran TPH, Nguyen VB, Tran TD, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Production of Sucrolytic Enzyme by Bacillus licheniformis by the Bioconversion of Pomelo Albedo as a Carbon Source. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13121959. [PMID: 34199171 PMCID: PMC8231626 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been increasing use of agro-byproducts in microbial fermentation to produce a variety of value-added products. In this study, among various kinds of agro-byproducts, pomelo albedo powder (PAP) was found to be the most effective carbon source for the production of sucrose hydrolyzing enzyme by Bacillus licheniformis TKU004. The optimal medium for sucrolytic enzyme production contained 2% PAP, 0.75% NH4NO3, 0.05% MgSO4, and 0.05% NaH2PO4 and the optimal culture conditions were pH 6.7, 35 °C, 150 rpm, and 24 h. Accordingly, the highest sucrolytic activity was 1.87 U/mL, 4.79-fold higher than that from standard conditions using sucrose as the carbon source. The purified sucrolytic enzyme (sleTKU004) is a 53 kDa monomeric protein and belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 68. The optimum temperature and pH of sleTKU004 were 50 °C, and pH = 6, respectively. SleTKU004 could hydrolyze sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose by attacking the glycoside linkage between glucose and fructose molecules of the sucrose unit. The Km and Vmax of sleTKU004 were 1.16 M and 5.99 µmol/min, respectively. Finally, sleTKU004 showed strong sucrose tolerance and presented the highest hydrolytic activity at the sucrose concentration of 1.2 M–1.5 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (T.P.H.T.); (T.D.T.)
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (T.P.H.T.); (T.D.T.)
| | - Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (T.P.H.T.); (T.D.T.)
| | - Thi Phuong Hanh Tran
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (T.P.H.T.); (T.D.T.)
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - Trung Dung Tran
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (T.T.N.); (T.P.H.T.); (T.D.T.)
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2621-5656; Fax: +886-2-2620-9924
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10
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Toy JYH, Lu Y, Huang D, Matsumura K, Liu SQ. Enzymatic treatment, unfermented and fermented fruit-based products: current state of knowledge. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:1890-1911. [PMID: 33249876 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1848788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, food manufacturers are increasingly utilizing enzymes in the production of fruit-based (unfermented and fermented) products to increase yield and maximize product quality in a cost-effective manner. Depending on the fruits and desired product characteristics, different enzymes (e.g. pectinase, cellulase, hemicellulase, amylase, and protease) are used alone or in combinations to achieve optimized processing conditions and improve nutritional and sensorial quality. In this review, the mechanisms of action and sources of different enzymes, as well as their effects on the physicochemical, nutritional, and organoleptic properties of unfermented and fermented fruit-based products are summarized and discussed, respectively. In general, the application of enzymatic hydrolysis treatment (EHT) in unfermented fruit-based product helps to achieve four main purposes: (i) viscosity reduction (easy to filter), (ii) clarification (improved appearance/clarity), (iii) better nutritional quality (increase in polyphenolics) and (iv) enhanced organoleptic characteristic (brighter color and complex aroma profile). In addition, EHT provides numerous other advantages to fermented fruit-based products such as better fermentation efficiency and enrichment in aroma. To meet the demand for new market trends, researchers and manufacturers are increasingly employing non-Saccharomyces yeast (with enzymatic activities) alone or in tandem with Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce complex flavor profile in fermented fruit-based products. Therefore, this review also evaluates the potential of some non-Saccharomyces yeasts with enzymatic activities and how their utilization helps to tailor wines with unique aroma profile. Lastly, in view of an increase in lactose-intolerant individuals, the potential of fermented probiotic fruit juice as an alternative to dairy-based probiotic products is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Yi Hui Toy
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuyun Lu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Jiangsu, China
| | - Keisuke Matsumura
- Product and Technology Development Department, Nippon Del Monte Corporation, Numata, Gunma, Japan.,Kikkoman Singapore R&D Laboratory Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shao-Quan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Akanbi TO, Ji D, Agyei D. Revisiting the scope and applications of food enzymes from extremophiles. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13475. [PMID: 32996180 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms from extreme environments tend to undergo various adaptations due to environmental conditions such as extreme pH, temperature, salinity, heavy metals, and solvents. Thus, they produce enzymes with unique properties and high specificity, making them useful industrially, particularly in the food industries. Despite these enzymes' remarkable properties, only a few instances can be reported for actual exploitation in the food industry. This review's objectives are to highlight the properties of these enzymes and their prospects in the food industry. First, an introduction to extremophilic organisms is presented, followed by the categories and application of food enzymes from extremophiles. Then, the unique structural features of extremozymes are shown. This review also covers the prospective applications of extremozymes in the food industry in a broader sense, including degradation of toxins, deconstruction of polymers into monomers, and catalysis of multistep processes. Finally, the challenges in bioprocessing of extremozymes and applications in food are presented. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Enzymes are important players in food processing and preservation. Extremozymes, by their nature, are ideal for a broad range of food processing applications, particularly those that require process conditions of extreme pH, temperature, and salinity. As the global food industry grows, so too will grow the need to research and develop food products that are diverse, safe, healthy, and nutritious. There is also the need to produce food in a sustainable way that generates less waste or maximizes waste valorization. We anticipate that extremozymes can meet some of the research and development needs of the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo O Akanbi
- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
| | - Dawei Ji
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Dominic Agyei
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Torabizadeh H, Montazeri E. Nano co-immobilization of α-amylase and maltogenic amylase by nanomagnetic combi-cross-linked enzyme aggregates method for maltose production from corn starch. Carbohydr Res 2020; 488:107904. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Routoula E, Patwardhan SV. Degradation of Anthraquinone Dyes from Effluents: A Review Focusing on Enzymatic Dye Degradation with Industrial Potential. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:647-664. [PMID: 31913605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Up to 84 000 tons of dye can be lost in water, and 90 million tons of water are attributed annually to dye production and their application, mainly in the textile and leather industry, making the dyestuff industry responsible for up to 20% of the industrial water pollution. The majority of dyes industrially used today are aromatic compounds with complex, reinforced structures, with anthraquinone dyes being the second largest produced in terms of volume. Despite the progress on decolorization and degradation of azo dyes, very little attention has been given to anthraquinone dyes. Anthraquinone dyes pose a serious environmental problem as their reinforced structure makes them difficult to degrade naturally. Existing methods of decolorization might be effective but are neither efficient nor practical due to extended time, space, and cost requirements. Attention should be given to the emerging routes for dye decolorization via the enzymatic action of oxidoreductases, which have already a strong presence in various other bioremediation applications. This review will discusses the presence of anthraquinone dyes in the effluents and ways for their remediation from dyehouse effluents, focusing on enzymatic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Routoula
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Sheffield Mappin Street , Sheffield , United Kingdom , S1 3JD
| | - Siddharth V Patwardhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Sheffield Mappin Street , Sheffield , United Kingdom , S1 3JD
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Rodrigues HCSR, Carvalho AL, Souza CO, Umsza-Guez MA. Evolution of World and Brazilian Markets for Enzymes Produced by Solid-state Fermentation: A Patent Analysis. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2020; 14:112-120. [PMID: 31625481 DOI: 10.2174/1872208313666191017143845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of enzymes in various industrial processes has become increasingly frequent. When added to productive processes, it can accelerate reactions and generate a number of new products. The solid state fermentation (SSF), among other applications, has been employed also to obtain enzymes. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this prospection was to map registered patent documents about enzymes production by this type of fermentation in the world, identify the most obtained enzymes with patent documents and compilate information about the world and Brazilian enzyme markets. METHODS The experimental design was carried out by the keyword-driven scope through the advanced search in the Espacenet database European Patent Office (EPO). The keywords selected were solid-state fermentation and the International Patent Classification code, C12N9 (enzymes; proenzymes), for prospecting of interest. RESULTS In 2012, there was the higher number of registered patents (12). China holds 84% of deposited patents. Among the types of depositors, 54% of the selected patent documents were deposited by universities and institutes, and 44% by companies. 76.5% of the evaluated patents used fungi as enzyme producer. Analyzing the enzymes obtained in the registered patents, it is verified that the majority belongs to the group of carbohydrases with 43%, followed by proteases (25%), which are also the two classes of enzymes most commercialized in the market. CONCLUSION China holds the majority of the registered patents but North America gets the largest global enzyme market revenue followed by Europe and Pacific Asia. Carbohydrases were the most commercialized enzymes and with the highest number of patents registered. Among the carbohydrases, cellulases, xylanases and amylases are the most frequent in patent registration while being fungi produced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea L Carvalho
- Technology Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Carolina O Souza
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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Abstract
Biocatalysis has emerged in the last decade as a pre-eminent technology for enabling the envisaged transition to a more sustainable bio-based economy. For industrial viability it is essential that enzymes can be readily recovered and recycled by immobilization as solid, recyclable catalysts. One method to achieve this is via carrier-free immobilization as cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). This methodology proved to be very effective with a broad selection of enzymes, in particular carbohydrate-converting enzymes. Methods for optimizing CLEA preparations by, for example, adding proteic feeders to promote cross-linking, and strategies for making the pores accessible for macromolecular substrates are critically reviewed and compared. Co-immobilization of two or more enzymes in combi-CLEAs enables the cost-effective use of multiple enzymes in biocatalytic cascade processes and the use of “smart” magnetic CLEAs to separate the immobilized enzyme from other solids has raised the CLEA technology to a new level of industrial and environmental relevance. Magnetic-CLEAs of polysaccharide-converting enzymes, for example, are eminently suitable for use in the conversion of first and second generation biomass.
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Gonçalves DDS, Ferreira MDS, Guimarães AJ. Extracellular Vesicles from the Protozoa Acanthamoeba castellanii: Their Role in Pathogenesis, Environmental Adaptation and Potential Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2019; 6:bioengineering6010013. [PMID: 30717103 PMCID: PMC6466093 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering6010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous compartments of distinct cellular origin and biogenesis, displaying different sizes and include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. The EVs have been described in almost every living organism, from simple unicellular to higher evolutionary scale multicellular organisms, such as mammals. Several functions have been attributed to these structures, including roles in energy acquisition, cell-to-cell communication, gene expression modulation and pathogenesis. In this review, we described several aspects of the recently characterized EVs of the protozoa Acanthamoeba castellanii, a free-living amoeba (FLA) of emerging epidemiological importance, and compare their features to other parasites' EVs. These A. castellanii EVs are comprised of small microvesicles and exosomes and carry a wide range of molecules involved in many biological processes like cell signaling, carbohydrate metabolism and proteolytic activity, such as kinases, glucanases, and proteases, respectively. Several biomedical applications of these EVs have been proposed lately, including their use in vaccination, biofuel production, and the pharmaceutical industry, such as platforms for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego de Souza Gonçalves
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro 24210-130, Brazil.
| | - Marina da Silva Ferreira
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-970, Brazil.
| | - Allan J Guimarães
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro 24210-130, Brazil.
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Torabizadeh H, Mikani M. Nano-magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregates of naringinase an efficient nanobiocatalyst for naringin hydrolysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:134-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Influence of Dlutaraldehyde Cross-Linking Modes on the Recyclability of Immobilized Lipase B from Candida antarctica for Transesterification of Soy Bean Oil. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092230. [PMID: 30200521 PMCID: PMC6225267 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CAL-B) is largely employed as a biocatalyst for hydrolysis, esterification, and transesterification reactions. CAL-B is a good model enzyme to study factors affecting the enzymatic structure, activity and/or stability after an immobilization process. In this study, we analyzed the immobilization of CAL-B enzyme on different magnetic nanoparticles, synthesized by the coprecipitation method inside inverse micelles made of zwitterionic surfactants, with distinct carbon chain length: 4 (ImS4), 10 (ImS10) and 18 (ImS18) carbons. Magnetic nanoparticles ImS4 and ImS10 were shown to cross-link to CAL-B enzyme via a Michael-type addition, whereas particles with ImS18 were bond via pyridine formation after glutaraldehyde cross-coupling. Interestingly, the Michael-type cross-linking generated less stable immobilized CAL-B, revealing the influence of a cross-linking mode on the resulting biocatalyst behavior. Curiously, a direct correlation between nanoparticle agglomerate sizes and CAL-B enzyme reuse stability was observed. Moreover, free CAL-B enzyme was not able to catalyze transesterification due to the high methanol concentration; however, the immobilized CAL-B enzyme reached yields from 79.7 to 90% at the same conditions. In addition, the transesterification of lipids isolated from oleaginous yeasts achieved 89% yield, which confirmed the potential of immobilized CAL-B enzyme in microbial production of biodiesel.
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Lincoln L, More SS, Reddy SV. Purification and biochemical characterization of β-d-fructofuranosidase fromBacillussubtilisLYN12. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynette Lincoln
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Post Graduate Studies; Jain University; Bangalore India
| | - Sunil S. More
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences; Dayananda Sagar University; Bangalore India
| | - Shwetha V. Reddy
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences; Dayananda Sagar University; Bangalore India
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Ionata E, Marcolongo L, La Cara F, Cetrangolo GP, Febbraio F. Improvement of functional properties of a thermostable β-glycosidase for milk lactose hydrolysis. Biopolymers 2018; 109:e23118. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.23118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ionata
- Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via P. Castellino 111; Naples 80131 Italy
| | - Loredana Marcolongo
- Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via P. Castellino 111; Naples 80131 Italy
| | - Francesco La Cara
- Institute of Agro-Environmental and Forest Biology-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via P. Castellino 111; Naples 80131 Italy
| | - Giovanni P. Cetrangolo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via P. Castellino 111; Naples 80131 Italy
| | - Ferdinando Febbraio
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), via P. Castellino 111; Naples 80131 Italy
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Zhan W, Jin L, Jiao J, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Liang M. Expression and purification of plant fructan exohydrolases and their potential applications in fructose production. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Aspartic acid introduce the functional amine groups on the surface of superparamagnetic Fe(OH)3@Fe3O4 nanoparticles for efficient immobilization of Penaeus vannamei protease. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 41:749-756. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-1908-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Dutta N, Saha MK. Immobilization of a Mesophilic Lipase on Graphene Oxide: Stability, Activity, and Reusability Insights. Methods Enzymol 2018; 609:247-272. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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24
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Immobilized endo-xylanase of Aspergillus tamarii Kita: an interesting biological tool for production of xylooligosaccharides at high temperatures. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Improvement of activity, thermo-stability and fruit juice clarification characteristics of fungal exo-polygalacturonase. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 95:974-984. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Kahar UM, Sani MH, Chan KG, Goh KM. Immobilization of α-Amylase from Anoxybacillus sp. SK3-4 on ReliZyme and Immobead Supports. Molecules 2016; 21:E1196. [PMID: 27618002 PMCID: PMC6273902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Amylase from Anoxybacillus sp. SK3-4 (ASKA) is a thermostable enzyme that produces a high level of maltose from starches. A truncated ASKA (TASKA) variant with improved expression and purification efficiency was characterized in an earlier study. In this work, TASKA was purified and immobilized through covalent attachment on three epoxide (ReliZyme EP403/M, Immobead IB-150P, and Immobead IB-150A) and an amino-epoxide (ReliZyme HFA403/M) activated supports. Several parameters affecting immobilization were analyzed, including the pH, temperature, and quantity (mg) of enzyme added per gram of support. The influence of the carrier surface properties, pore sizes, and lengths of spacer arms (functional groups) on biocatalyst performances were studied. Free and immobilized TASKAs were stable at pH 6.0-9.0 and active at pH 8.0. The enzyme showed optimal activity and considerable stability at 60 °C. Immobilized TASKA retained 50% of its initial activity after 5-12 cycles of reuse. Upon degradation of starches and amylose, only immobilized TASKA on ReliZyme HFA403/M has comparable hydrolytic ability with the free enzyme. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an immobilization study of an α-amylase from Anoxybacillus spp. and the first report of α-amylase immobilization using ReliZyme and Immobeads as supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummirul Mukminin Kahar
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Helmi Sani
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Kian Mau Goh
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
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Pereira SE, Fernandes KF, Ulhoa CJ. Immobilization ofCryptococcus flavusα-amylase on glass tubes and its application in starch hydrolysis. STARCH-STARKE 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201600189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sueli Essado Pereira
- PontifíciaUniversidadeCatólica de Goiás; Pontifícia Pró-reitoria de Graduação; Goiânia Goiás Brazil
| | | | - Cirano José Ulhoa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia Goiás Brazil
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28
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Cellulases: Classification, Methods of Determination and Industrial Applications. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:1346-80. [PMID: 27068832 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Microbial cellulases have been receiving worldwide attention, as they have enormous potential to process the most abundant cellulosic biomass on this planet and transform it into sustainable biofuels and other value added products. The synergistic action of endoglucanases, exoglucanases, and β-glucosidases is required for the depolymerization of cellulose to fermentable sugars for transformation in to useful products using suitable microorganisms. The lack of a better understanding of the mechanisms of individual cellulases and their synergistic actions is the major hurdles yet to be overcome for large-scale commercial applications of cellulases. We have reviewed various microbial cellulases with a focus on their classification with mechanistic aspects of cellulase hydrolytic action, insights into novel approaches for determining cellulase activity, and potential industrial applications of cellulases.
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Gurale BP, Dhawane AN, Cui X, Das A, Zhang X, Iyer SS. Indirect Detection of Glycosidases Using Amperometry. Anal Chem 2016; 88:4248-53. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat P. Gurale
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 788 Petit Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Abasaheb N. Dhawane
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 788 Petit Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Xikai Cui
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 788 Petit Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Amrita Das
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 788 Petit Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 788 Petit Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Suri S. Iyer
- Department of Chemistry,
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 788 Petit Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
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Ali G, Dulong V, Gasmi SN, Rihouey C, Picton L, Le Cerf D. Covalent immobilization of pullulanase on alginate and study of its hydrolysis of pullulan. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:883-9. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghina Ali
- Normandie Université; France
- Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces; Université De Rouen; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
- CNRS UMR 6270 & Fr3038; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
| | - Virginie Dulong
- Normandie Université; France
- Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces; Université De Rouen; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
- CNRS UMR 6270 & Fr3038; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
| | - Sarah N. Gasmi
- Normandie Université; France
- Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces; Université De Rouen; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
- CNRS UMR 6270 & Fr3038; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
| | - Christophe Rihouey
- Normandie Université; France
- Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces; Université De Rouen; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
- CNRS UMR 6270 & Fr3038; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
| | - Luc Picton
- Normandie Université; France
- Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces; Université De Rouen; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
- CNRS UMR 6270 & Fr3038; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
| | - Didier Le Cerf
- Normandie Université; France
- Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces; Université De Rouen; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
- CNRS UMR 6270 & Fr3038; Mont Saint Aignan F 76821 France
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Insolubilization of inulinase on magnetite chitosan microparticles, an easily recoverable and reusable support. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Cruz-Izquierdo Á, Picó EA, López C, Serra JL, Llama MJ. Magnetic Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates (mCLEAs) of Candida antarctica lipase: an efficient and stable biocatalyst for biodiesel synthesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115202. [PMID: 25551445 PMCID: PMC4281201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme-catalyzed production of biodiesel is the object of extensive research due to the global shortage of fossil fuels and increased environmental concerns. Herein we report the preparation and main characteristics of a novel biocatalyst consisting of Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates (CLEAs) of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) which are covalently bound to magnetic nanoparticles, and tackle its use for the synthesis of biodiesel from non-edible vegetable and waste frying oils. For this purpose, insolubilized CALB was covalently cross-linked to magnetic nanoparticles of magnetite which the surface was functionalized with -NH2 groups. The resulting biocatalyst combines the relevant catalytic properties of CLEAs (as great stability and feasibility for their reutilization) and the magnetic character, and thus the final product (mCLEAs) are superparamagnetic particles of a robust catalyst which is more stable than the free enzyme, easily recoverable from the reaction medium and reusable for new catalytic cycles. We have studied the main properties of this biocatalyst and we have assessed its utility to catalyze transesterification reactions to obtain biodiesel from non-edible vegetable oils including unrefined soybean, jatropha and cameline, as well as waste frying oil. Using 1% mCLEAs (w/w of oil) conversions near 80% were routinely obtained at 30°C after 24 h of reaction, this value rising to 92% after 72 h. Moreover, the magnetic biocatalyst can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture and reused for at least ten consecutive cycles of 24 h without apparent loss of activity. The obtained results suggest that mCLEAs prepared from CALB can become a powerful biocatalyst for application at industrial scale with better performance than those currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Cruz-Izquierdo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Enrique A. Picó
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Carmen López
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Juan L. Serra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - María J. Llama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
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Zhao W, Yang RJ, Qian TT, Hua X, Zhang WB, Katiyo W. Preparation of novel poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate)-grafted core-shell magnetic chitosan microspheres and immobilization of lactase. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:12073-89. [PMID: 23743822 PMCID: PMC3709774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140612073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate)-grafted magnetic chitosan microspheres (HG-MCM) were prepared using reversed-phase suspension polymerization method. The HG-MCM presented a core-shell structure and regular spherical shape with poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) grafted onto the chitosan layer coating the Fe3O4 cores. The average diameter of the magnetic microspheres was 10.67 μm, within a narrow size distribution of 6.6–17.4 μm. The saturation magnetization and retentivity of the magnetic microspheres were 7.0033 emu/g and 0.6273 emu/g, respectively. The application of HG-MCM in immobilization of lactase showed that the immobilized enzyme presented higher storage, pH and thermal stability compared to the free enzyme. This indicates that HG-MCM have potential applications in bio-macromolecule immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; E-Mails: (W.Z.); (X.H.); (W.-B.Z.); (W.K.)
| | - Rui-Jin Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel./Fax: +86-510-8591-9150
| | - Ting-Ting Qian
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; E-Mail:
| | - Xiao Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; E-Mails: (W.Z.); (X.H.); (W.-B.Z.); (W.K.)
| | - Wen-Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; E-Mails: (W.Z.); (X.H.); (W.-B.Z.); (W.K.)
| | - Wendy Katiyo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; E-Mails: (W.Z.); (X.H.); (W.-B.Z.); (W.K.)
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