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Sagmeister T, Gubensäk N, Buhlheller C, Grininger C, Eder M, Ðordić A, Millán C, Medina A, Murcia PAS, Berni F, Hynönen U, Vejzović D, Damisch E, Kulminskaya N, Petrowitsch L, Oberer M, Palva A, Malanović N, Codée J, Keller W, Usón I, Pavkov-Keller T. The molecular architecture of Lactobacillus S-layer: Assembly and attachment to teichoic acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2401686121. [PMID: 38838019 PMCID: PMC11181022 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2401686121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
S-layers are crystalline arrays found on bacterial and archaeal cells. Lactobacillus is a diverse family of bacteria known especially for potential gut health benefits. This study focuses on the S-layer proteins from Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus amylovorus common in the mammalian gut. Atomic resolution structures of Lactobacillus S-layer proteins SlpA and SlpX exhibit domain swapping, and the obtained assembly model of the main S-layer protein SlpA aligns well with prior electron microscopy and mutagenesis data. The S-layer's pore size suggests a protective role, with charged areas aiding adhesion. A highly similar domain organization and interaction network are observed across the Lactobacillus genus. Interaction studies revealed conserved binding areas specific for attachment to teichoic acids. The structure of the SlpA S-layer and the suggested incorporation of SlpX as well as its interaction with teichoic acids lay the foundation for deciphering its role in immune responses and for developing effective treatments for a variety of infectious and bacteria-mediated inflammation processes, opening opportunities for targeted engineering of the S-layer or lactobacilli bacteria in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo Sagmeister
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
| | - Nina Gubensäk
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
| | | | | | - Markus Eder
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
| | - Anđela Ðordić
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
| | - Claudia Millán
- Structural Biology Unit, Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona08028, Spain
| | - Ana Medina
- Structural Biology Unit, Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona08028, Spain
| | - Pedro Alejandro Sánchez Murcia
- Laboratory of Computer-Aided Molecular Design, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
| | - Francesca Berni
- Department of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden2333, The Netherlands
| | - Ulla Hynönen
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Epidemiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00100, Finland
| | - Djenana Vejzović
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
| | - Elisabeth Damisch
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
| | | | - Lukas Petrowitsch
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
| | - Monika Oberer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz8010, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, University of Graz, Graz8010, Austria
| | - Airi Palva
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Epidemiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00100, Finland
| | - Nermina Malanović
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz8010, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, University of Graz, Graz8010, Austria
| | - Jeroen Codée
- Department of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden2333, The Netherlands
| | - Walter Keller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz8010, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, University of Graz, Graz8010, Austria
| | - Isabel Usón
- Structural Biology Unit, Institute of Molecular Biology of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona08028, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona08003, Spain
| | - Tea Pavkov-Keller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria8010
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz8010, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, University of Graz, Graz8010, Austria
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2
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Jones AA, Snow CD. Porous protein crystals: synthesis and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5790-5803. [PMID: 38756076 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00183d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Large-pore protein crystals (LPCs) are an emerging class of biomaterials. The inherent diversity of proteins translates to a diversity of crystal lattice structures, many of which display large pores and solvent channels. These pores can, in turn, be functionalized via directed evolution and rational redesign based on the known crystal structures. LPCs possess extremely high solvent content, as well as extremely high surface area to volume ratios. Because of these characteristics, LPCs continue to be explored in diverse applications including catalysis, targeted therapeutic delivery, templating of nanostructures, structural biology. This Feature review article will describe several of the existing platforms in detail, with particular focus on LPC synthesis approaches and reported applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Arthur Jones
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1301, USA.
| | - Christopher D Snow
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1301, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1301, USA
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3
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Herdman M, Isbilir B, von Kügelgen A, Schulze U, Wainman A, Bharat TAM. Cell cycle dependent coordination of surface layer biogenesis in Caulobacter crescentus. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3355. [PMID: 38637514 PMCID: PMC11026435 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47529-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Surface layers (S-layers) are proteinaceous, two-dimensional paracrystalline arrays that constitute a major component of the cell envelope in many prokaryotic species. In this study, we investigated S-layer biogenesis in the bacterial model organism Caulobacter crescentus. Fluorescence microscopy revealed localised incorporation of new S-layer at the poles and mid-cell, consistent with regions of cell growth in the cell cycle. Light microscopy and electron cryotomography investigations of drug-treated bacteria revealed that localised S-layer insertion is retained when cell division is inhibited, but is disrupted upon dysregulation of MreB or lipopolysaccharide. We further uncovered that S-layer biogenesis follows new peptidoglycan synthesis and localises to regions of high cell wall turnover. Finally, correlated cryo-light microscopy and electron cryotomographic analysis of regions of S-layer insertion showed the presence of discontinuities in the hexagonal S-layer lattice, contrasting with other S-layers completed by defined symmetric defects. Our findings present insights into how C. crescentus cells form an ordered S-layer on their surface in coordination with the biogenesis of other cell envelope components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Herdman
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Buse Isbilir
- Structural Studies Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Andriko von Kügelgen
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
- Structural Studies Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Ulrike Schulze
- Cell Biology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Alan Wainman
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Tanmay A M Bharat
- Structural Studies Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
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4
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Lu Y, Mei N, Ying Y, Wang D, Li X, Zhao Y, Zhu Y, Shen S, Yin B. Bacteria-Based Nanoprobes for Cancer Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:759-785. [PMID: 38283198 PMCID: PMC10821665 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s438164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Surgical removal together with chemotherapy and radiotherapy has used to be the pillars of cancer treatment. Although these traditional methods are still considered as the first-line or standard treatments, non-operative situation, systemic toxicity or resistance severely weakened the therapeutic effect. More recently, synthetic biological nanocarriers elicited substantial interest and exhibited promising potential for combating cancer. In particular, bacteria and their derivatives are omnipotent to realize intrinsic tumor targeting and inhibit tumor growth with anti-cancer agents secreted and immune response. They are frequently employed in synergistic bacteria-mediated anticancer treatments to strengthen the effectiveness of anti-cancer treatment. In this review, we elaborate on the development, mechanism and advantage of bacterial therapy against cancer and then systematically introduce the bacteria-based nanoprobes against cancer and the recent achievements in synergistic treatment strategies and clinical trials. We also discuss the advantages as well as the limitations of these bacteria-based nanoprobes, especially the questions that hinder their application in human, exhibiting this novel anti-cancer endeavor comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Lu
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Mei
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinwei Ying
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuanxuan Li
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajing Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shun Shen
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Yin
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Karbowiak M, Szymański P, Zielińska D. Synergistic Effect of Combination of Various Microbial Hurdles in the Biopreservation of Meat and Meat Products—Systematic Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071430. [PMID: 37048251 PMCID: PMC10093799 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The control of spoilage microorganisms and foodborne pathogens in meat and meat products is a challenge for food producers, which potentially can be overcome through the combined use of biopreservatives, in the form of a mix of various microbial hurdles. The objective of this work is to systematically review the available knowledge to reveal whether various microbial hurdles applied in combination can pose an effective decontamination strategy for meat and meat products. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were utilized to identify and evaluate studies through February 2023. Search results yielded 45 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The most common meat biopreservatives were combinations of various starter cultures (24 studies), and the use of mixtures of non-starter protective cultures (13 studies). In addition, studies evaluating antimicrobial combinations of bacteriocins with other bacteriocins, BLIS (bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance), non-starter protective cultures, reuterin, and S-layer protein were included in the review (7 studies). In one study, a biopreservative mixture comprised antifungal protein PgAFP and protective cultures. The literature search revealed a positive effect, in most of the included studies, of the combination of various bacterial antimicrobials in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria in meat products. The main advantages of the synergistic effect achieved were: (1) the induction of a stronger antimicrobial effect, (2) the extension of the spectrum of antibacterial action, and (3) the prevention of the regrowth of undesirable microorganisms. Although further research is required in this area, the combination of various microbial hurdles can pose a green and valuable biopreservation approach for maintaining the safety and quality of meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelina Karbowiak
- Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159C St., (Building No. 32), 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Szymański
- Department of Meat and Fat Technology, Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology—State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 St., 02-532 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Zielińska
- Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159C St., (Building No. 32), 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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6
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Rahimzadeh F, Ghadam P, Kasra-Kermanshahi R, Zarrabi M. In-situ production of silver nanobiocomposite using surface layer protein of Lactobacillus helveticus and aqueous extract of dried Juglans regia green husk and investigation of antibacterial activity. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03895-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Pfeifer K, Ehmoser EK, Rittmann SKMR, Schleper C, Pum D, Sleytr UB, Schuster B. Isolation and Characterization of Cell Envelope Fragments Comprising Archaeal S-Layer Proteins. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142502. [PMID: 35889727 PMCID: PMC9320373 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The outermost component of cell envelopes of most bacteria and almost all archaea comprise a protein lattice, which is termed Surface (S-)layer. The S-layer lattice constitutes a highly porous structure with regularly arranged pores in the nm-range. Some archaea thrive in extreme milieus, thus producing highly stable S-layer protein lattices that aid in protecting the organisms. In the present study, fragments of the cell envelope from the hyperthermophilic acidophilic archaeon Saccharolobus solfataricus P2 (SSO) have been isolated by two different methods and characterized. The organization of the fragments and the molecular sieving properties have been elucidated by transmission electron microscopy and by determining the retention efficiency of proteins varying in size, respectively. The porosity of the archaeal S-layer fragments was determined to be 45%. S-layer fragments of SSO showed a retention efficiency of up to 100% for proteins having a molecular mass of ≥ 66 kDa. Moreover, the extraction costs for SSO fragments have been reduced by more than 80% compared to conventional methods, which makes the use of these archaeal S-layer material economically attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Pfeifer
- Institute of Synthetic Bioarchitectures, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (K.P.); (E.-K.E.); (U.B.S.)
| | - Eva-Kathrin Ehmoser
- Institute of Synthetic Bioarchitectures, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (K.P.); (E.-K.E.); (U.B.S.)
| | - Simon K.-M. R. Rittmann
- Archaea Physiology & Biotechnology Group, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria;
- Arkeon GmbH, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Christa Schleper
- Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics Division, Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Dietmar Pum
- Institute of Biophysics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Uwe B. Sleytr
- Institute of Synthetic Bioarchitectures, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (K.P.); (E.-K.E.); (U.B.S.)
| | - Bernhard Schuster
- Institute of Synthetic Bioarchitectures, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (K.P.); (E.-K.E.); (U.B.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-47654-80436
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8
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Boutonnet C, Lyonnais S, Alpha-Bazin B, Armengaud J, Château A, Duport C. Dynamic Profile of S-Layer Proteins Controls Surface Properties of Emetic Bacillus cereus AH187 Strain. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:937862. [PMID: 35847057 PMCID: PMC9277125 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.937862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many prokaryotes are covered by a two-dimensional array of proteinaceous subunits. This surface layers (S-layer) is incompletely characterized for many microorganisms. Here, we studied Bacillus cereus AH187. A genome analysis identified two genes encoding the S-layer proteins SL2 and EA1, which we experimentally confirmed to encode the two protein components of the S-layer covering the surface of B. cereus. Shotgun proteomics analysis indicated that SL2 is the major component of the B. cereus S-layer at the beginning of exponential growth, whereas EA1 becomes more abundant than SL2 during later stages of stationary growth. Microscopy analysis revealed the spatial organization of SL2 and EA1 at the surface of B. cereus to depend on their temporal-dynamics during growth. Our results also show that a mutant strain lacking functional SL2 and EA1 proteins has distinct surface properties compared to its parental strain, in terms of stiffness and hydrophilicity during the stationary growth phase. Surface properties, self-aggregation capacity, and bacterial adhesion were observed to correlate. We conclude that the dynamics of SL2 and EA1 expression is a key determinant of the surface properties of B. cereus AH187, and that the S-layer could contribute to B. cereus survival in starvation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beatrice Alpha-Bazin
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Alice Château
- Avignon Université, INRAE, UMR SQPOV, Avignon, France
| | - Catherine Duport
- Avignon Université, INRAE, UMR SQPOV, Avignon, France
- *Correspondence: Catherine Duport,
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9
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TRAIL/S-layer/graphene quantum dot nanohybrid enhanced stability and anticancer activity of TRAIL on colon cancer cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5851. [PMID: 35393438 PMCID: PMC8991220 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09660-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), known as a cytokine of the TNF superfamily, is considered a promising antitumor agent due to its ability to selectively induce apoptosis in a wide variety of cancer cells. However, failure of its successful translation into clinic has led to development of nano-based platforms aiming to improve TRAIL therapeutic efficacy. In this regard, we fabricated a novel TRAIL-S-layer fusion protein (S-TRAIL) conjugated with graphene quantum dots (GQDs) to benefit both the self-assembly of S-layer proteins, which leads to elevated TRAIL functional stability, and unique optical properties of GQDs. Noncovalent conjugation of biocompatible GQDs and soluble fusion protein was verified via UV–visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, size and ζ-potential measurements and transmission electron microscopy. The potential anticancer efficacy of the nanohybrid system on intrinsically resistant cells to TRAIL (HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells) was investigated by MTT assay and flow cytometry, which indicated about 80% apoptosis in cancer cells. These results highlight the potential of TRAIL as a therapeutic protein that can be extensively improved by taking advantage of nanotechnology and introduce S-TRAIL/GQD complex as a promising nanohybrid system in cancer treatment.
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10
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Rao SQ, Zhang RY, Chen R, Gao YJ, Gao L, Yang ZQ. Nanoarchitectonics for enhanced antibacterial activity with Lactobacillus buchneri S-layer proteins-coated silver nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:128029. [PMID: 34942455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Various multi-drug-resistant microorganisms have appeared while a single antibacterial agent is increasingly no longer adequate for dealing with these resistant microorganisms. Herein, commercially purchased 50 nm-average-diameter silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Lactobacillus buchneri-isolated surface-layer proteins (SLPs) as a capping agent were used to fabricate a hybrid antibacterial agent (SLP-AgNPs) with enhanced antibacterial activity, and the possible synergistic antibacterial mechanism was explored. Characterization results revealed that SLP-AgNPs were uniformly surrounded by protein corona provided from SLP, and the formulations were mainly mediated by the electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding, which was evidenced by the results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. According to the antibacterial tests, the minimum inhibitory concentration of SLP-AgNPs against Salmonella enterica (0.010 mg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus (0.005 mg/mL) was 5-10 times lower than that of bare AgNPs, and while SLP-AgNPs showed a higher antibiofilm activity. Furthermore, bacterial cells exposed to SLP-AgNPs exhibited higher cell membrane permeability and stronger inhibition of respiratory-chain dehydrogenase activity, resulting in more severe cell death compared with bare AgNPs. The synergistic effect of SLP on AgNPs was probably carried out by enhanced function of adhesion to bacteria and antibacterial ability of SLP and SLP's supramolecular lattice structure on the sustained release of silver ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Qi Rao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China; Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ru-Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Jun Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen-Quan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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11
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Lanzoni-Mangutchi P, Banerji O, Wilson J, Barwinska-Sendra A, Kirk JA, Vaz F, O'Beirne S, Baslé A, El Omari K, Wagner A, Fairweather NF, Douce GR, Bullough PA, Fagan RP, Salgado PS. Structure and assembly of the S-layer in C. difficile. Nat Commun 2022; 13:970. [PMID: 35217634 PMCID: PMC8881574 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28196-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many bacteria and archaea possess a two-dimensional protein array, or S-layer, that covers the cell surface and plays crucial roles in cell physiology. Here, we report the crystal structure of SlpA, the main S-layer protein of the bacterial pathogen Clostridioides difficile, and use electron microscopy to study S-layer organisation and assembly. The SlpA crystal lattice mimics S-layer assembly in the cell, through tiling of triangular prisms above the cell wall, interlocked by distinct ridges facing the environment. Strikingly, the array is very compact, with pores of only ~10 Å in diameter, compared to other S-layers (30-100 Å). The surface-exposed flexible ridges are partially dispensable for overall structure and assembly, although a mutant lacking this region becomes susceptible to lysozyme, an important molecule in host defence. Thus, our work gives insights into S-layer organisation and provides a basis for development of C. difficile-specific therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Lanzoni-Mangutchi
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Oishik Banerji
- Krebs Institute, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Royal Society of Chemistry, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, UK
| | - Jason Wilson
- Krebs Institute, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Anna Barwinska-Sendra
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Joseph A Kirk
- Krebs Institute, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Florey Institute, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Filipa Vaz
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Shauna O'Beirne
- Krebs Institute, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Florey Institute, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Arnaud Baslé
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | | | - Gillian R Douce
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Per A Bullough
- Krebs Institute, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Robert P Fagan
- Krebs Institute, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
- Florey Institute, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Paula S Salgado
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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12
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Simon P, Pompe W, Gruner D, Sturm E, Ostermann K, Matys S, Vogel M, Rödel G. Nested Formation of Calcium Carbonate Polymorphs in a Bacterial Surface Membrane with a Graded Nanoconfinement: An Evolutionary Strategy to Ensure Bacterial Survival. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:526-539. [PMID: 34995442 PMCID: PMC8848282 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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It is the intention
of this study to elucidate the nested formation
of calcium carbonate polymorphs or polyamorphs in the different nanosized
compartments. With these observations, it can be concluded how the
bacteria can survive in a harsh environment with high calcium carbonate
supersaturation. The mechanisms of calcium carbonate precipitation
at the surface membrane and at the underlying cell wall membrane of
the thermophilic soil bacterium Geobacillus stearothermophilus DSM 13240 have been revealed by high-resolution transmission electron
microscopy and atomic force microscopy. In this Gram-positive bacterium,
nanopores in the surface layer (S-layer) and in the supporting cell
wall polymers are nucleation sites for metastable calcium carbonate
polymorphs and polyamorphs. In order to observe the different metastable
forms, various reaction times and a low reaction temperature (4 °C)
have been chosen. Calcium carbonate polymorphs nucleate in the confinement
of nanosized pores (⌀ 3–5 nm) of the S-layer. The hydrous
crystalline calcium carbonate (ikaite) is formed initially with [110]
as the favored growth direction. It transforms into the anhydrous
metastable vaterite by a solid-state transition. In a following reaction
step, calcite is precipitated, caused by dissolution of vaterite in
the aqueous solution. In the larger pores of the cell wall (⌀
20–50 nm), hydrated amorphous calcium carbonate is grown, which
transforms into metastable monohydrocalcite, aragonite, or calcite.
Due to the sequence of reaction steps via various metastable phases,
the bacteria gain time for chipping the partially mineralized S-layer,
and forming a fresh S-layer (characteristic growth time about 20 min).
Thus, the bacteria can survive in solutions with high calcium carbonate
supersaturation under the conditions of forced biomineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Simon
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Pompe
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 7, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Denise Gruner
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217 Dresden, Germany.,Polymeric Microsystems, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 100, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elena Sturm
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany.,Physical Chemistry, University of Konstanz, POB 714, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Kai Ostermann
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Matys
- Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzener Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Manja Vogel
- Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzener Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerhard Rödel
- Institute of Genetics, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217 Dresden, Germany
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14
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Zhu J, Avakyan N, Kakkis AA, Hoffnagle AM, Han K, Li Y, Zhang Z, Choi TS, Na Y, Yu CJ, Tezcan FA. Protein Assembly by Design. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13701-13796. [PMID: 34405992 PMCID: PMC9148388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are nature's primary building blocks for the construction of sophisticated molecular machines and dynamic materials, ranging from protein complexes such as photosystem II and nitrogenase that drive biogeochemical cycles to cytoskeletal assemblies and muscle fibers for motion. Such natural systems have inspired extensive efforts in the rational design of artificial protein assemblies in the last two decades. As molecular building blocks, proteins are highly complex, in terms of both their three-dimensional structures and chemical compositions. To enable control over the self-assembly of such complex molecules, scientists have devised many creative strategies by combining tools and principles of experimental and computational biophysics, supramolecular chemistry, inorganic chemistry, materials science, and polymer chemistry, among others. Owing to these innovative strategies, what started as a purely structure-building exercise two decades ago has, in short order, led to artificial protein assemblies with unprecedented structures and functions and protein-based materials with unusual properties. Our goal in this review is to give an overview of this exciting and highly interdisciplinary area of research, first outlining the design strategies and tools that have been devised for controlling protein self-assembly, then describing the diverse structures of artificial protein assemblies, and finally highlighting the emergent properties and functions of these assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Albert A. Kakkis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Alexander M. Hoffnagle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Kenneth Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Yiying Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Zhiyin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Tae Su Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Youjeong Na
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - Chung-Jui Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
| | - F. Akif Tezcan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0340, United States
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15
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von Kügelgen A, Alva V, Bharat TAM. Complete atomic structure of a native archaeal cell surface. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110052. [PMID: 34818541 PMCID: PMC8640222 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many prokaryotic cells are covered by an ordered, proteinaceous, sheet-like structure called a surface layer (S-layer). S-layer proteins (SLPs) are usually the highest copy number macromolecules in prokaryotes, playing critical roles in cellular physiology such as blocking predators, scaffolding membranes, and facilitating environmental interactions. Using electron cryomicroscopy of two-dimensional sheets, we report the atomic structure of the S-layer from the archaeal model organism Haloferax volcanii. This S-layer consists of a hexagonal array of tightly interacting immunoglobulin-like domains, which are also found in SLPs across several classes of archaea. Cellular tomography reveal that the S-layer is nearly continuous on the cell surface, completed by pentameric defects in the hexagonal lattice. We further report the atomic structure of the SLP pentamer, which shows markedly different relative arrangements of SLP domains needed to complete the S-layer. Our structural data provide a framework for understanding cell surfaces of archaea at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vikram Alva
- Department of Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max-Planck-Ring 5, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Tanmay A M Bharat
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK; Structural Studies Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
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16
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Zeng R, Lv C, Wang C, Zhao G. Bionanomaterials based on protein self-assembly: Design and applications in biotechnology. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 52:107835. [PMID: 34520791 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Elegant protein assembly to generate new biomaterials undergoes extremely rapid development for wide extension of biotechnology applications, which can be a powerful tool not only for creating nanomaterials but also for advancing understanding of the structure of life. Unique biological properties of proteins bestow these artificial biomaterials diverse functions that can permit them to be applied in encapsulation, bioimaging, biocatalysis, biosensors, photosynthetic apparatus, electron transport, magnetogenetic applications, vaccine development and antibodies design. This review gives a perspective view of the latest advances in the construction of protein-based nanomaterials. We initially start with distinguishable, specific interactions to construct sundry nanomaterials through protein self-assembly and concisely expound the assembly mechanism from the design strategy. And then, the design and construction of 0D, 1D, 2D, 3D protein assembled nanomaterials are especially highlighted. Furthermore, the potential applications have been discussed in detail. Overall, this review will illustrate how to fabricate highly sophisticated nanomaterials oriented toward applications in biotechnology based on the rules of supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Zeng
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, No. 11 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
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17
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Herdman M, von Kügelgen A, Kureisaite-Ciziene D, Duman R, El Omari K, Garman EF, Kjaer A, Kolokouris D, Löwe J, Wagner A, Stansfeld PJ, Bharat TAM. High-resolution mapping of metal ions reveals principles of surface layer assembly in Caulobacter crescentus cells. Structure 2021; 30:215-228.e5. [PMID: 34800371 PMCID: PMC8828063 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Surface layers (S-layers) are proteinaceous crystalline coats that constitute the outermost component of most prokaryotic cell envelopes. In this study, we have investigated the role of metal ions in the formation of the Caulobacter crescentus S-layer using high-resolution structural and cell biology techniques, as well as molecular simulations. Utilizing optical microscopy of fluorescently tagged S-layers, we show that calcium ions facilitate S-layer lattice formation and cell-surface binding. We report all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of the S-layer lattice, revealing the importance of bound metal ions. Finally, using electron cryomicroscopy and long-wavelength X-ray diffraction experiments, we mapped the positions of metal ions in the S-layer at near-atomic resolution, supporting our insights from the cellular and simulations data. Our findings contribute to the understanding of how C. crescentus cells form a regularly arranged S-layer on their surface, with implications on fundamental S-layer biology and the synthetic biology of self-assembling biomaterials. Live imaging shows Ca2+-dependent expansion of the C. crescentus S-layer Molecular simulations reveal Ca2+-binding properties of the S-layer Ca2+ ion mapping in three-dimensional crystals using in-vacuum X-ray anomalous diffraction Ca2+ replacement by Ho3+ allows cryo-EM mapping of heavy metals
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Herdman
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | | | | | - Ramona Duman
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Kamel El Omari
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Elspeth F Garman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | | | - Jan Löwe
- Structural Studies Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Armin Wagner
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Phillip J Stansfeld
- School of Life Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Gibbet Hill Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Tanmay A M Bharat
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK; Structural Studies Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
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18
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Salem R, ElDyasti A, Audette GF. Biomedical Applications of Biomolecules Isolated from Methanotrophic Bacteria in Wastewater Treatment Systems. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1217. [PMID: 34439884 PMCID: PMC8392503 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants and other remediation facilities serve important roles, both in public health, but also as dynamic research platforms for acquiring useful resources and biomolecules for various applications. An example of this is methanotrophic bacteria within anaerobic digestion processes in wastewater treatment plants. These bacteria are an important microbial source of many products including ectoine, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and methanobactins, which are invaluable to the fields of biotechnology and biomedicine. Here we provide an overview of the methanotrophs' unique metabolism and the biochemical pathways involved in biomolecule formation. We also discuss the potential biomedical applications of these biomolecules through creation of beneficial biocompatible products including vaccines, prosthetics, electronic devices, drug carriers, and heart stents. We highlight the links between molecular biology, public health, and environmental science in the advancement of biomedical research and industrial applications using methanotrophic bacteria in wastewater treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Salem
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
| | - Ahmed ElDyasti
- Department of Civil Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
| | - Gerald F. Audette
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada;
- The Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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19
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Abstract
Bacterial surface layers (S-layers) have been observed as the outermost cell envelope component in a wide range of bacteria and most archaea. S-layers are monomolecular lattices composed of a single protein or glycoprotein species and have either oblique, square or hexagonal lattice symmetry with unit cell dimensions ranging from 3 to 30 nm. They are generally 5 to 10 nm thick (up to 70 nm in archaea) and represent highly porous protein lattices (30–70% porosity) with pores of uniform size and morphology in the range of 2 to 8 nm. Since S-layers can be considered as one of the simplest protein lattices found in nature and the constituent units are probably the most abundantly expressed proteins on earth, it seems justified to briefly review the different S-layer lattice types, the need for lattice imperfections and the discussion of S-layers from the perspective of an isoporous protein network in the ultrafiltration region. Finally, basic research on S-layers laid the foundation for applications in biotechnology, synthetic biology, and biomimetics.
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20
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Farci D, Kereïche S, Pangeni S, Haniewicz P, Bodrenko IV, Ceccarelli M, Winterhalter M, Piano D. Structural analysis of the architecture and in situ localization of the main S-layer complex in Deinococcus radiodurans. Structure 2021; 29:1279-1285.e3. [PMID: 34265277 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial surface layers are paracrystalline assemblies of proteins that provide the first line of defense against environmental shocks. Here, we report the 3D structure, in situ localization, and orientation of the S-layer deinoxanthin-binding complex (SDBC), a hetero-oligomeric assembly of proteins that in Deinococcus radiodurans represents the main S-layer unit. The SDBC is resolved at 11-Å resolution by single-particle analysis, while its in situ localization is determined by cryo-electron crystallography on intact cell-wall fragments leading to a projection map at 4.5-Å resolution. The SDBC exhibits a triangular base with three comma-shaped pores, and a stalk departing orthogonally from the center of the base and oriented toward the intracellular space. Combining state-of-the-art techniques, results show the organization of this S-layer and its connection within the underlying membranes, demonstrating the potential for applications from nanotechnologies to medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Farci
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sami Kereïche
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Sushil Pangeni
- Department of Life Sciences & Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Patrycja Haniewicz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Igor V Bodrenko
- Department of Physics and IOM/CNR, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Matteo Ceccarelli
- Department of Physics and IOM/CNR, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Mathias Winterhalter
- Department of Life Sciences & Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Dario Piano
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Photobiology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
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21
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Zhang T, Su M, Liu M, Tao M, Yang Y, Liu C, Zeng X, Pan D, Wu Z, Guo Y. Optimization of Encapsulation Using Milk Polar Lipid Liposomes with S-Layer Protein and Transport Study of the ACE-Inhibitory Peptide RLSFNP. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:7049-7056. [PMID: 34132090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop a new type of nanodrug delivery material by modifying milk polar lipid (MPL) liposomes with the S-layer protein. LIP-RLSFNP (MPL liposomes encapsulating RLSFNP (Arg-Leu-Ser-Phe-Asn-Pro)) and SLP-LIP-RLSFNP (S-layer protein-modified LIP-RLSFNP) were prepared and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, surface plasmon resonance, and mastersizer dynamic light scattering measurements. The results showed that the S-layer protein could modify the surface of MPL liposomes, stabilize the shape of the vesicles, and improve the resistance to external interference. Furthermore, SLP-LIP-RLSFNP showed better performance in in vitro and in vivo experiments compared with LIP-RLSFNP in terms of promoting absorption and delayed release. The findings suggested that MPL liposomes modified with the S-layer protein have potential for use as an effective delivery system for therapeutic proteins and peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Mi Su
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhen Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Mingxuan Tao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Daodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yuxing Guo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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22
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Mobarak Qamsari E, Kermanshahi RK, Erfan M, Ghadam P. Microencapsulation of Omeprazole by Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 Surface Layer Protein and Evaluation of its Stability in Acidic Condition. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 19:240-254. [PMID: 33841539 PMCID: PMC8019888 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.111681.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study introduces a novel method for encapsulation of the acid-labile drug called Omeprazole using Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) ATCC 4356 S-layer protein. Before preparing the Omeprazole suspension, a series of preliminary studies were performed on the Omeprazole powder. For this purpose, some parameters such as melting point, IR spectrum, UV spectrum, and the particle size of Omeprazole powder were investigated. The size reduction process was done in order to achieve an ideal formulation. Ultimately, the resulting powder had an average particle size of 35.516 μm and it was almost uniform. After calculating the amount of S-layer protein required for complete covering of drug particles, the effect of different factors on the drug coating process was investigated with one factor at a time method. Then stability of coated Omeprazole was evaluated in acetate buffer (pH 5). Finally, the maximum coat of drug particles was determined using S- layer protein of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 at 25 °C for 2 h, shaking rate of 100 rpm and ratio of 2:1 for S-layer protein amount/Omeprazole Surface in Tris hydrochloride buffer medium (50 mM, pH 8). The coating of Omeprazole by the S-layer protein decreased the drug decomposition rate up to 2.223.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Mobarak Qamsari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouha Kasra Kermanshahi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Erfan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parinaz Ghadam
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Schuster B, Sleytr UB. S-Layer Ultrafiltration Membranes. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:275. [PMID: 33918014 PMCID: PMC8068369 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11040275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Monomolecular arrays of protein subunits forming surface layers (S-layers) are the most common outermost cell envelope components of prokaryotic organisms (bacteria and archaea). Since S-layers are periodic structures, they exhibit identical physicochemical properties for each constituent molecular unit down to the sub-nanometer level. Pores passing through S-layers show identical size and morphology and are in the range of ultrafiltration membranes. The functional groups on the surface and in the pores of the S-layer protein lattice are accessible for chemical modifications and for binding functional molecules in very precise fashion. S-layer ultrafiltration membranes (SUMs) can be produced by depositing S-layer fragments as a coherent (multi)layer on microfiltration membranes. After inter- and intramolecular crosslinking of the composite structure, the chemical and thermal resistance of these membranes was shown to be comparable to polyamide membranes. Chemical modification and/or specific binding of differently sized molecules allow the tuning of the surface properties and molecular sieving characteristics of SUMs. SUMs can be utilized as matrices for the controlled immobilization of functional biomolecules (e.g., ligands, enzymes, antibodies, and antigens) as required for many applications (e.g., biosensors, diagnostics, enzyme- and affinity-membranes). Finally, SUM represent unique supporting structures for stabilizing functional lipid membranes at meso- and macroscopic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Schuster
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures, Department of NanoBiotechnology, BOKU—University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Uwe B. Sleytr
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures, Department of NanoBiotechnology, BOKU—University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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24
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Bharat TAM, von Kügelgen A, Alva V. Molecular Logic of Prokaryotic Surface Layer Structures. Trends Microbiol 2020; 29:405-415. [PMID: 33121898 PMCID: PMC8559796 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Most prokaryotic cells are encased in a surface layer (S-layer) consisting of a paracrystalline array of repeating lattice-forming proteins. S-layer proteins populate a vast and diverse sequence space, performing disparate functions in prokaryotic cells, including cellular defense, cell-shape maintenance, and regulation of import and export of materials. This article highlights recent advances in the understanding of S-layer structure and assembly, made possible by rapidly evolving structural and cell biology methods. We underscore shared assembly principles revealed by recent work and discuss a common molecular framework that may be used to understand the structural organization of S-layer proteins across bacteria and archaea. Despite enormous sequence diversity in surface (S)-layer proteins, structural diversity is much lower than previously thought. S-layer proteins have a bipartite arrangement with a lattice-forming and an anchoring segment. Novel structural biology methods are revealing the architectures of S-layers in situ. S-layer assembly across prokaryotes is tightly coupled to the cell cycle, including the cell division machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay A M Bharat
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK; Central Oxford Structural Microscopy and Imaging Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
| | - Andriko von Kügelgen
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK; Central Oxford Structural Microscopy and Imaging Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Vikram Alva
- Department of Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max-Planck-Ring 5, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
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25
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Damiati S, Schuster B. Electrochemical Biosensors Based on S-Layer Proteins. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E1721. [PMID: 32204503 PMCID: PMC7147708 DOI: 10.3390/s20061721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Designing and development of electrochemical biosensors enable molecule sensing and quantification of biochemical compositions with multitudinous benefits such as monitoring, detection, and feedback for medical and biotechnological applications. Integrating bioinspired materials and electrochemical techniques promote specific, rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive biosensing platforms for (e.g., point-of-care testing). The selection of biomaterials to decorate a biosensor surface is a critical issue as it strongly affects selectivity and sensitivity. In this context, smart biomaterials with the intrinsic self-assemble capability like bacterial surface (S-) layer proteins are of paramount importance. Indeed, by forming a crystalline two-dimensional protein lattice on many sensors surfaces and interfaces, the S-layer lattice constitutes an immobilization matrix for small biomolecules and lipid membranes and a patterning structure with unsurpassed spatial distribution for sensing elements and bioreceptors. This review aims to highlight on exploiting S-layer proteins in biosensor technology for various applications ranging from detection of metal ions over small organic compounds to cells. Furthermore, enzymes immobilized on the S-layer proteins allow specific detection of several vital biomolecules. The special features of the S-layer protein lattice as part of the sensor architecture enhances surface functionalization and thus may feature an innovative class of electrochemical biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Damiati
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures, Department of NanoBiotechnology, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- Current address: Division of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Protein Science, Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 171 21 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernhard Schuster
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures, Department of NanoBiotechnology, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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26
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von Kügelgen A, Tang H, Hardy GG, Kureisaite-Ciziene D, Brun YV, Stansfeld PJ, Robinson CV, Bharat TAM. In Situ Structure of an Intact Lipopolysaccharide-Bound Bacterial Surface Layer. Cell 2020; 180:348-358.e15. [PMID: 31883796 PMCID: PMC6978808 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Most bacterial and all archaeal cells are encapsulated by a paracrystalline, protective, and cell-shape-determining proteinaceous surface layer (S-layer). On Gram-negative bacteria, S-layers are anchored to cells via lipopolysaccharide. Here, we report an electron cryomicroscopy structure of the Caulobacter crescentus S-layer bound to the O-antigen of lipopolysaccharide. Using native mass spectrometry and molecular dynamics simulations, we deduce the length of the O-antigen on cells and show how lipopolysaccharide binding and S-layer assembly is regulated by calcium. Finally, we present a near-atomic resolution in situ structure of the complete S-layer using cellular electron cryotomography, showing S-layer arrangement at the tip of the O-antigen. A complete atomic structure of the S-layer shows the power of cellular tomography for in situ structural biology and sheds light on a very abundant class of self-assembling molecules with important roles in prokaryotic physiology with marked potential for synthetic biology and surface-display applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriko von Kügelgen
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom; Central Oxford Structural Microscopy and Imaging Centre, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Haiping Tang
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Gail G Hardy
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | | | - Yves V Brun
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Phillip J Stansfeld
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Carol V Robinson
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Tanmay A M Bharat
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom; Central Oxford Structural Microscopy and Imaging Centre, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom.
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27
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Manea F, Garda VG, Rad B, Ajo-Franklin CM. Programmable assembly of 2D crystalline protein arrays into covalently stacked 3D bionanomaterials. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:912-923. [PMID: 31885073 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rational embellishment of self-assembling two-dimensional (2D) proteins make it possible to build 3D nanomaterials with novel catalytic, optoelectronic and mechanical properties. However, introducing multiple sites of embellishment into 2D protein arrays without affecting the self-assembly is challenging, limiting the ability to program in additional functionality and new 3D configurations. Here we introduce two orthogonal covalent linkages at multiple sites in a 2D crystalline-forming protein without affecting its self-assembly. We first engineered the surface-layer protein SbsB from Geobacillus stearothermophilus pV72/p2 to display isopeptide bond-forming protein conjugation pairs, SpyTag or SnoopTag, at four positions spaced 5.7-10.5 nm apart laterally and 3 nm axially. The C-terminal and two newly-identified locations within SbsB monomer accommodated the short SpyTag or SnoopTag peptide tags without affecting the 2D lattice structure. Introducing tags at distinct locations enabled orthogonal and covalent binding of SpyCatcher- or SnoopCatcher-protein fusions to micron-sized 2D nanosheets. By introducing different types of bifunctional cross-linkers, the dual-functionalized nanosheets were programmed to self-assemble into different 3D stacks, all of which retain their nanoscale order. Thus, our work creates a modular protein platform that is easy to program to create dual-functionalized 2D and lamellar 3D nanomaterials with new catalytic, optoelectronic, and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Manea
- The Molecular Foundry, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, and Synthetic Biology Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
| | - Virginia G Garda
- The Molecular Foundry, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, and Synthetic Biology Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
| | - Behzad Rad
- The Molecular Foundry, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, and Synthetic Biology Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
| | - Caroline M Ajo-Franklin
- The Molecular Foundry, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, and Synthetic Biology Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
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28
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A bacterial surface layer protein exploits multistep crystallization for rapid self-assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 117:388-394. [PMID: 31848245 PMCID: PMC6955313 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1909798116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Many microbes assemble a crystalline protein layer on their outer surface as an additional barrier and communication platform between the cell and its environment. Surface layer proteins efficiently crystallize to continuously coat the cell, and this trait has been utilized to design functional macromolecular nanomaterials. Here, we report that rapid crystallization of a bacterial surface layer protein occurs through a multistep pathway involving a crystalline intermediate. Upon calcium binding, sequential changes occur in the structure and arrangement of the protein, which are captured by time-resolved small angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron cryo-microscopy. We demonstrate that a specific domain is responsible for enhancing the rate of self-assembly, unveiling possible evolutionary mechanisms to enhance the kinetics of 2D protein crystallization. Surface layers (S-layers) are crystalline protein coats surrounding microbial cells. S-layer proteins (SLPs) regulate their extracellular self-assembly by crystallizing when exposed to an environmental trigger. However, molecular mechanisms governing rapid protein crystallization in vivo or in vitro are largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the Caulobacter crescentus SLP readily crystallizes into sheets in vitro via a calcium-triggered multistep assembly pathway. This pathway involves 2 domains serving distinct functions in assembly. The C-terminal crystallization domain forms the physiological 2-dimensional (2D) crystal lattice, but full-length protein crystallizes multiple orders of magnitude faster due to the N-terminal nucleation domain. Observing crystallization using a time course of electron cryo-microscopy (Cryo-EM) imaging reveals a crystalline intermediate wherein N-terminal nucleation domains exhibit motional dynamics with respect to rigid lattice-forming crystallization domains. Dynamic flexibility between the 2 domains rationalizes efficient S-layer crystal nucleation on the curved cellular surface. Rate enhancement of protein crystallization by a discrete nucleation domain may enable engineering of kinetically controllable self-assembling 2D macromolecular nanomaterials.
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29
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Tracey DF, Noya EG, Doye JPK. Programming patchy particles to form complex periodic structures. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:224506. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5128902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Tracey
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Eva G. Noya
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Calle Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonathan P. K. Doye
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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30
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Farci D, Guadalupi G, Bierła K, Lobinski R, Piano D. The Role of Iron and Copper on the Oligomerization Dynamics of DR_2577, the Main S-Layer Protein of Deinococcus radiodurans. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1450. [PMID: 31333601 PMCID: PMC6615493 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface (S)-layers are cryptic structures that coat the external surface of the bacterial cell in many species. The paracrystalline regularity of the S-layer is due to the self-assembling of one or more protein units. The property of self-assembling seems to be mediated by specific topologies of the S-layer proteins as well as the presence of specific ions that provide support in building and stabilizing the bi-dimensional S-layer organization. In the present study, we have investigated the self-assembling mechanism of the main S-layer protein of Deinococcus radiodurans (DR_2577) finding an unusual role played by Fe3+ and Cu2+ in the oligomerization of this protein. These findings may trace a structural and functional metallo-mediated convergence between the role of these metals in the assembling of the S-layer and their well-known roles in protecting against oxidative stress in D. radiodurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Farci
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Photobiology and Plant Physiology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giulia Guadalupi
- Laboratory of Photobiology and Plant Physiology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Bierła
- Laboratory of Analitycal and Bioinorganic Chemistry and Environment, UMR5254 Institute of Analytical and Physical Chemistry for the Environment and Materials (IPREM), Pau, France
| | - Ryszard Lobinski
- Laboratory of Analitycal and Bioinorganic Chemistry and Environment, UMR5254 Institute of Analytical and Physical Chemistry for the Environment and Materials (IPREM), Pau, France
| | - Dario Piano
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Photobiology and Plant Physiology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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31
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Malamud M, Carasi P, Assandri MH, Freire T, Lepenies B, Serradell MDLÁ. S-Layer Glycoprotein From Lactobacillus kefiri Exerts Its Immunostimulatory Activity Through Glycan Recognition by Mincle. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1422. [PMID: 31297112 PMCID: PMC6607945 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new subunit vaccines has promoted the rational design of adjuvants able to induce a strong T-cell activation by targeting specific immune receptors. The S-layer is a (glyco)-proteinaceous envelope constituted by subunits that self-assemble to form a two-dimensional lattice that covers the surface of different species of Bacteria and Archaea. Due to their ability to self-assemble in solution, they are attractive tools to be used as antigen/hapten carriers or adjuvants. Recently, we have demonstrated that S-layer glycoprotein from Lactobacillus kefiri CIDCA 8348 (SLP-8348) enhanced the LPS-induced response on macrophages in a Ca2+-dependent manner, but the receptors involved in these immunomodulatory properties remain unknown. Therefore, we aim to determine the C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) recognizing this bacterial surface glycoprotein as well as to investigate the role of glycans in both the immunogenicity and adjuvant capacity of SLP-8348. Here, using a mild periodate oxidation protocol, we showed that loss of SLP-8348 glycan integrity impairs the cell-mediated immune response against the protein. Moreover, our data indicate that the adjuvant capacity of SLP-8348 is also dependent of the biological activity of the SLP-8348 glycans. In order to evaluate the CLRs involved in the interaction with SLP-8348 an ELISA-based method using CLR–hFc fusion proteins showed that SLP-8348 interacts with different CLRs such as Mincle, SingR3, and hDC-SIGN. Using BMDCs derived from CLR-deficient mice, we show that SLP-8348 uptake is dependent of Mincle. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the SLP-8348-induced activation of BMDCs as well as its adjuvant capacity relies on the presence of Mincle and its signaling adaptor CARD9 on BMDCs, since SLP-8348-activated BMDCs from Mincle−/− or CARD9−/− mice were not capable to enhance OVA-specific response in CD4+ T cells purified from OT-II mice. These findings significantly contribute to the understanding of the role of glycans in the immunomodulation elicited by bacterial SLPs and generate a great opportunity in the search for new adjuvants derived from non-pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Malamud
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Immunology Unit & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Paula Carasi
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,CCT La Plata, CONICET, Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Matías H Assandri
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Teresa Freire
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Immunology Unit & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - María de Los Ángeles Serradell
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Jauretche, Florencio Varela, Argentina
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32
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Topologically-guided continuous protein crystallization controls bacterial surface layer self-assembly. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2731. [PMID: 31227690 PMCID: PMC6588578 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10650-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many bacteria and most archaea possess a crystalline protein surface layer (S-layer), which surrounds their growing and topologically complicated outer surface. Constructing a macromolecular structure of this scale generally requires localized enzymatic machinery, but a regulatory framework for S-layer assembly has not been identified. By labeling, superresolution imaging, and tracking the S-layer protein (SLP) from C. crescentus, we show that 2D protein self-assembly is sufficient to build and maintain the S-layer in living cells by efficient protein crystal nucleation and growth. We propose a model supported by single-molecule tracking whereby randomly secreted SLP monomers diffuse on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) outer membrane until incorporated at the edges of growing 2D S-layer crystals. Surface topology creates crystal defects and boundaries, thereby guiding S-layer assembly. Unsupervised assembly poses challenges for therapeutics targeting S-layers. However, protein crystallization as an evolutionary driver rationalizes S-layer diversity and raises the potential for biologically inspired self-assembling macromolecular nanomaterials. Bacteria assemble the surface layer (S-layer), a crystalline protein coat surrounding the curved surface, using protein self-assembly. Here authors image native and purified RsaA, the S-layer protein from C. crescentus, and show that protein crystallization alone is sufficient to assemble and maintain the S-layer in vivo.
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33
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Rodrigues-Oliveira T, Souza AA, Kruger R, Schuster B, Maria de Freitas S, Kyaw CM. Environmental factors influence the Haloferax volcanii S-layer protein structure. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216863. [PMID: 31075115 PMCID: PMC6607943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
S-layers commonly cover archaeal cell envelopes and are composed of proteins that self-assemble into a paracrystalline surface structure. Despite their detection in almost all archaea, there are few reports investigating the structural properties of these proteins, with no reports exploring this topic for halophilic S-layers. The objective of the present study was to investigate the secondary and tertiary organization of the Haloferax volcanii S-layer protein. Such investigations were performed using circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The protein secondary structure is centered on β-sheets and is affected by environmental pH, with higher disorder in more alkaline conditions. The pH can also affect the protein's tertiary structure, with higher tryptophan side-chain exposure to the medium under the same conditions. The concentrations of Na, Mg and Ca ions in the environment also affect the protein structures, with small changes in α-helix and β-sheet content, as well as changes in tryptophan side chain exposure. These changes in turn influence the protein's functional properties, with cell envelope preparations revealing striking differences when in different salt conditions. Thermal denaturation assays revealed that the protein is stable. It has been reported that the S-layer protein N-glycosylation process is affected by external factors and the present study indicates for the first time changes in the protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Rodrigues-Oliveira
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University
of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Amanda Araújo Souza
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University
of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Kruger
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University
of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Bernhard Schuster
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Institute for Synthetic
Bioarchitectures, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna,
Austria
| | - Sonia Maria de Freitas
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University
of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Maria Kyaw
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University
of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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34
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Wu M, Liu X, Bai H, Lai L, Chen Q, Huang G, Liu B, Tang G. Surface-Layer Protein-Enhanced Immunotherapy Based on Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles for the Effective Inhibition of Tumor Growth and Metastasis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:9850-9859. [PMID: 30788951 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Chemo-immunotherapy is an important tool to overcome tumor immune suppression in cancer immunotherapy. Herein, we report a surface-layer (S-layer) protein-enhanced immunotherapy strategy based on cell membrane-coated S-CM-HPAD nanoparticles for the effective malignant tumor therapy and metastasis inhibition. The S-CM-HPAD NPs could effectively deliver the tumor antigen, DOX, and immunoadjuvant to the homotypic tumor by the homotypic targeting ability of the coated cell membrane. In addition to its ability to induce tumor cell death, the loaded DOX could enhance the immunotherapy response by inhibition of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Because of the intrinsic adjuvant property and capability to surface display epitopes and proteins, the S-layers localized on the surface of S-CM-HPAD NPs potentiated the immune response to the antigen. The results confirmed that the protective immunity against tumor occurrence was promoted effectively by prompting proliferation of lymphocytes and secretion of cytokine caused by the tumor-associated antigen and adjuvant. The excellent combinational therapeutic effects on the inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis in the melanoma tumor models demonstrated that the S-layer-enhanced immunotherapeutic method is a promising strategy for tumor immunotherapy of malignant tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310028 , China
| | - Xingang Liu
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310028 , China
| | - Hongzhen Bai
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310028 , China
| | - Lihua Lai
- Institute of Immunology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310028 , China
| | - Guojun Huang
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310028 , China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 4 , 117585 Singapore
| | - Guping Tang
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310028 , China
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35
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Luo G, Yang Q, Yao B, Tian Y, Hou R, Shao A, Li M, Feng Z, Wang W. Slp-coated liposomes for drug delivery and biomedical applications: potential and challenges. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:1359-1383. [PMID: 30863066 PMCID: PMC6388732 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s189935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Slp forms a crystalline array of proteins on the outermost envelope of bacteria and archaea with a molecular weight of 40-200 kDa. Slp can self-assemble on the surface of liposomes in a proper environment via electrostatic interactions, which could be employed to functionalize liposomes by forming Slp-coated liposomes for various applications. Among the molecular characteristics, the stability, adhesion, and immobilization of biomacromolecules are regarded as the most meaningful. Compared to plain liposomes, Slp-coated liposomes show excellent physicochemical and biological stabilities. Recently, Slp-coated liposomes were shown to specifically adhere to the gastrointestinal tract, which was attributed to the "ligand-receptor interaction" effect. Furthermore, Slp as a "bridge" can immobilize functional biomacromol-ecules on the surface of liposomes via protein fusion technology or intermolecular forces, endowing liposomes with beneficial functions. In view of these favorable features, Slp-coated liposomes are highly likely to be an ideal platform for drug delivery and biomedical uses. This review aims to provide a general framework for the structure and characteristics of Slp and the interactions between Slp and liposomes, to highlight the unique properties and drug delivery as well as the biomedical applications of the Slp-coated liposomes, and to discuss the ongoing challenges and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingliang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Bingpeng Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
- Department of Green Pharmaceutics, Jianxing Honors College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangfan Tian
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruixia Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Anna Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Zilin Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Wenxi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
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36
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do Carmo FLR, Silva WM, Tavares GC, Ibraim IC, Cordeiro BF, Oliveira ER, Rabah H, Cauty C, da Silva SH, Canário Viana MV, Caetano ACB, Dos Santos RG, de Oliveira Carvalho RD, Jardin J, Pereira FL, Folador EL, Le Loir Y, Figueiredo HCP, Jan G, Azevedo V. Mutation of the Surface Layer Protein SlpB Has Pleiotropic Effects in the Probiotic Propionibacterium freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1807. [PMID: 30174657 PMCID: PMC6107788 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Propionibacterium freudenreichii is a beneficial Gram-positive bacterium, traditionally used as a cheese-ripening starter, and currently considered as an emerging probiotic. As an example, the P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 strain recently revealed promising immunomodulatory properties. Its consumption accordingly exerts healing effects in different animal models of colitis, suggesting a potent role in the context of inflammatory bowel diseases. This anti-inflammatory effect depends on surface layer proteins (SLPs). SLPs may be involved in key functions in probiotics, such as persistence within the gut, adhesion to host cells and mucus, or immunomodulation. Several SLPs coexist in P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 and mediate immunomodulation and adhesion. A mutant P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129ΔslpB (CB129ΔslpB) strain was shown to exhibit decreased adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells. In the present study, we thoroughly analyzed the impact of this mutation on cellular properties. Firstly, we investigated alterations of surface properties in CB129ΔslpB. Surface extractable proteins, surface charges (ζ-potential) and surface hydrophobicity were affected by the mutation. Whole-cell proteomics, using high definition mass spectrometry, identified 1,288 quantifiable proteins in the wild-type strain, i.e., 53% of the theoretical proteome predicted according to P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 genome sequence. In the mutant strain, we detected 1,252 proteins, including 1,227 proteins in common with the wild-type strain. Comparative quantitative analysis revealed 97 proteins with significant differences between wild-type and mutant strains. These proteins are involved in various cellular process like signaling, metabolism, and DNA repair and replication. Finally, in silico analysis predicted that slpB gene is not part of an operon, thus not affecting the downstream genes after gene knockout. This study, in accordance with the various roles attributed in the literature to SLPs, revealed a pleiotropic effect of a single slpB mutation, in the probiotic P. freudenreichii. This suggests that SlpB may be at a central node of cellular processes and confirms that both nature and amount of SLPs, which are highly variable within the P. freudenreichii species, determine the probiotic abilities of strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fillipe L R do Carmo
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1253 Science & Technologie du Lait & de l'Oeuf, Rennes, France.,Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1253 Science & Technologie du Lait & de l'Oeuf, Rennes, France
| | - Wanderson M Silva
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Hurlingham, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guilherme C Tavares
- AQUACEN, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Izabela C Ibraim
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Barbara F Cordeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Emiliano R Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Houem Rabah
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1253 Science & Technologie du Lait & de l'Oeuf, Rennes, France.,Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1253 Science & Technologie du Lait & de l'Oeuf, Rennes, France
| | - Chantal Cauty
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1253 Science & Technologie du Lait & de l'Oeuf, Rennes, France
| | - Sara H da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcus V Canário Viana
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana C B Caetano
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Roselane G Dos Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Julien Jardin
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1253 Science & Technologie du Lait & de l'Oeuf, Rennes, France
| | - Felipe L Pereira
- AQUACEN, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Edson L Folador
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Yves Le Loir
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1253 Science & Technologie du Lait & de l'Oeuf, Rennes, France.,Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1253 Science & Technologie du Lait & de l'Oeuf, Rennes, France
| | - Henrique C P Figueiredo
- AQUACEN, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gwénaël Jan
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1253 Science & Technologie du Lait & de l'Oeuf, Rennes, France.,Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1253 Science & Technologie du Lait & de l'Oeuf, Rennes, France
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Farjadian F, Moghoofei M, Mirkiani S, Ghasemi A, Rabiee N, Hadifar S, Beyzavi A, Karimi M, Hamblin MR. Bacterial components as naturally inspired nano-carriers for drug/gene delivery and immunization: Set the bugs to work? Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:968-985. [PMID: 29499341 PMCID: PMC5971145 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery is a rapidly growing area of research motivated by the nanotechnology revolution, the ideal of personalized medicine, and the desire to reduce the side effects of toxic anti-cancer drugs. Amongst a bewildering array of different nanostructures and nanocarriers, those examples that are fundamentally bio-inspired and derived from natural sources are particularly preferred. Delivery of vaccines is also an active area of research in this field. Bacterial cells and their components that have been used for drug delivery, include the crystalline cell-surface layer known as "S-layer", bacterial ghosts, bacterial outer membrane vesicles, and bacterial products or derivatives (e.g. spores, polymers, and magnetic nanoparticles). Considering the origin of these components from potentially pathogenic microorganisms, it is not surprising that they have been applied for vaccines and immunization. The present review critically summarizes their applications focusing on their advantages for delivery of drugs, genes, and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Farjadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soroush Mirkiani
- Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ghasemi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Hadifar
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Beyzavi
- Koch institute of MIT, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mahdi Karimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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38
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Farci D, Farci SF, Esposito F, Tramontano E, Kirkpatrick J, Piano D. On the S-layer of Thermus thermophilus and the assembling of its main protein SlpA. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:1554-1562. [PMID: 29803693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have isolated and analysed the cell envelope of the thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus HB8. Isolated cell walls, characterized by the dominance of the S-layer protein SlpA, are found to be constituted by several protein complexes of high molecular weights. Further isolation steps, starting from the cell wall samples, led to the selective release of the S-layer protein SlpA in solution as confirmed by mass spectrometry. Blue Native gel electrophoresis on these samples showed that SlpA is organized into a specific hierarchical order of oligomeric states that are consistent with the complexes at high molecular weight identified on the total cell wall fraction. The analysis showed that SlpA bases this peculiar organization on monomers and exceptionally stable dimers, leading to the formation of tetramers, heptamers, and decamers. Furthermore, the two elementary units of SlpA, monomers and dimers, are regulated by the presence of calcium not only for the assembling of monomers into dimers, but also for the splitting of dimers into monomers. Finally, the SlpA protein was found to be subjected to specific proteolysis leading to characteristic degradation products. Findings are discussed in terms of S-layer assembling properties as bases for understanding its structure, turn-over and organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Farci
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Photobiology and Plant Physiology, University of Cagliari, V.le S. Ingnazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Stefano Francesco Farci
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Photobiology and Plant Physiology, University of Cagliari, V.le S. Ingnazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Esposito
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, SS554, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, SS554, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Joanna Kirkpatrick
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Beutebergstraβe 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Dario Piano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Photobiology and Plant Physiology, University of Cagliari, V.le S. Ingnazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
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Abstract
Bacillus anthracis, the anthrax agent, is a member of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato group, which includes invasive pathogens of mammals or insects as well as nonpathogenic environmental strains. The genes for anthrax pathogenesis are located on two large virulence plasmids. Similar virulence plasmids have been acquired by other B. cereus strains and enable the pathogenesis of anthrax-like diseases. Among the virulence factors of B. anthracis is the S-layer-associated protein BslA, which endows bacilli with invasive attributes for mammalian hosts. BslA surface display and function are dependent on the bacterial S-layer, whose constituents assemble by binding to the secondary cell wall polysaccharide (SCWP) via S-layer homology (SLH) domains. B. anthracis and other pathogenic B. cereus isolates harbor genes for the secretion of S-layer proteins, for S-layer assembly, and for synthesis of the SCWP. We review here recent insights into the assembly and function of the S-layer and the SCWP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Missiakas
- Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60649.,Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637;
| | - Olaf Schneewind
- Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60649.,Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637;
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40
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Frohnmeyer E, Deptula P, Nyman TA, Laine PKS, Vihinen H, Paulin L, Auvinen P, Jokitalo E, Piironen V, Varmanen P, Savijoki K. Secretome profiling of Propionibacterium freudenreichii reveals highly variable responses even among the closely related strains. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:510-526. [PMID: 29488359 PMCID: PMC5902329 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the secretomes (proteins exported out of the cell) of Propionibacterium freudenreichii of different origin to identify plausible adaptation factors. Phylosecretomics indicated strain‐specific variation in secretion of adhesins/invasins (SlpA, InlA), cell‐wall hydrolysing (NlpC60 peptidase, transglycosylase), protective (RpfB) and moonlighting (DnaK, GroEL, GaPDH, IDH, ENO, ClpB) enzymes and/or proteins. Detailed secretome comparison suggested that one of the cereal strains (JS14) released a tip fimbrillin (FimB) in to the extracellular milieu, which was in line with the electron microscopy and genomic analyses, indicating the lack of surface‐associated fimbrial‐like structures, predicting a mutated type‐2 fimbrial gene cluster (fimB‐fimA‐srtC2) and production of anchorless FimB. Instead, the cereal strain produced high amounts of SlpB that tentatively mediated adherent growth on hydrophilic surface and adherence to hydrophobic material. One of the dairy strains (JS22), producing non‐covalently bound surface‐proteins (LspA, ClpB, AraI) and releasing SlpA and InlA into the culture medium, was found to form clumps under physiological conditions. The JS22 strain lacked SlpB and displayed a non‐clumping and biofilm‐forming phenotype only under conditions of increased ionic strength (300 mM NaCl). However, this strain cultured under the same conditions was not adherent to hydrophobic support, which supports the contributory role of SlpB in mediating hydrophobic interactions. Thus, this study reports significant secretome variation in P. freudenreichii and suggests that strain‐specific differences in protein export, modification and protein–protein interactions have been the driving forces behind the adaptation of this bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Frohnmeyer
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Paulina Deptula
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Tuula A Nyman
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Pia K S Laine
- DNA Sequencing and Genomics Lab, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Helena Vihinen
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Lars Paulin
- DNA Sequencing and Genomics Lab, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Petri Auvinen
- DNA Sequencing and Genomics Lab, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Eija Jokitalo
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Vieno Piironen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Pekka Varmanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Kirsi Savijoki
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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Moudgil A, Kalyani N, Sinsinbar G, Das S, Mishra P. S-Layer Protein for Resistive Switching and Flexible Nonvolatile Memory Device. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:4866-4873. [PMID: 29308639 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a flexible resistive switching memory device consisting of S-layer protein (Slp) is demonstrated for the first time. This novel device (Al/Slp/indium tin oxide/polyethylene terephthalte) based on a simple and easy fabrication method is capable of bistable switching to low resistive state (LRS) and high resistive state (HRS). This device exhibits bistable memory behavior with stability and a long retention time (>4 × 103 s), being stable up to a 500 cycle endurance test and with significant HRS/LRS ratio. The device possesses consistent switching performance for more than 100 times bending, corresponding to desired applicability for biocompatible wearable electronics. The memory mechanism is attributed to a trapping/de-trapping process in S-layer protein. These promising results of the flexible memory device could find a way in the wearable storage applications like smart bands and sports equipments' sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Moudgil
- Centre for Applied Research in Electronics and ‡Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Neeti Kalyani
- Centre for Applied Research in Electronics and ‡Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Gaurav Sinsinbar
- Centre for Applied Research in Electronics and ‡Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Samaresh Das
- Centre for Applied Research in Electronics and ‡Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Centre for Applied Research in Electronics and ‡Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Sanchez-deAlcazar D, Mejias SH, Erazo K, Sot B, Cortajarena AL. Self-assembly of repeat proteins: Concepts and design of new interfaces. J Struct Biol 2018; 201:118-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rodrigues-Oliveira T, Belmok A, Vasconcellos D, Schuster B, Kyaw CM. Archaeal S-Layers: Overview and Current State of the Art. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2597. [PMID: 29312266 PMCID: PMC5744192 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to bacteria, all archaea possess cell walls lacking peptidoglycan and a number of different cell envelope components have also been described. A paracrystalline protein surface layer, commonly referred to as S-layer, is present in nearly all archaea described to date. S-layers are composed of only one or two proteins and form different lattice structures. In this review, we summarize current understanding of archaeal S-layer proteins, discussing topics such as structure, lattice type distribution among archaeal phyla and glycosylation. The hexagonal lattice type is dominant within the phylum Euryarchaeota, while in the Crenarchaeota this feature is mainly associated with specific orders. S-layers exclusive to the Crenarchaeota have also been described, which are composed of two proteins. Information regarding S-layers in the remaining archaeal phyla is limited, mainly due to organism description through only culture-independent methods. Despite the numerous applied studies using bacterial S-layers, few reports have employed archaea as a study model. As such, archaeal S-layers represent an area for exploration in both basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Rodrigues-Oliveira
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Aline Belmok
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Deborah Vasconcellos
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Bernhard Schuster
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cynthia M. Kyaw
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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44
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Heinl S, Grabherr R. Systems biology of robustness and flexibility: Lactobacillus buchneri —A show case. J Biotechnol 2017; 257:61-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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45
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Farci D, Esposito F, El Alaoui S, Piano D. S-layer proteins as a source of carotenoids: Isolation of the carotenoid cofactor deinoxanthin from its S-layer protein DR_2577. Food Res Int 2017; 99:868-876. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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46
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Damiati S, Küpcü S, Peacock M, Eilenberger C, Zamzami M, Qadri I, Choudhry H, Sleytr UB, Schuster B. Acoustic and hybrid 3D-printed electrochemical biosensors for the real-time immunodetection of liver cancer cells (HepG2). Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 94:500-506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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47
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Iturri J, Moreno-Cencerrado A, Toca-Herrera JL. Polyelectrolyte brushes as supportive substrate for bacterial S-layer recrystallization: Polymer charge and chain extension factors. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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48
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Iturri J, Moreno-Cencerrado A, Toca-Herrera JL. Cation-chelation and pH induced controlled switching of the non-fouling properties of bacterial crystalline films. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 158:270-277. [PMID: 28704713 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the controlled loss of the anti-fouling activity of the S-layer protein SbpA from Lysinibacillus sphaericus (CCM2177). This protein forms crystal-like films with square lattice (p4) via self-assembly on almost any type of surfaces. Such engineered bioinspired nanometric membranes are known by their excellent preventive performance under biological conditions. However, their exposure to certain treatments can lead to gradual degradation of the S-protein layer. In this work, two distinctive approaches are studied for understanding either specific or non-specific degradation of the film, by treatment with a chelating agent (EDTA), which interacts with inner Ca2+ ions, or Citrate buffer (with pH<pI), respectively. Subsequently, the degraded protein films have been tested upon binding of polyelectrolytes of different charge and endothelial HUVEC cells, and their performance compared to that of intact S-layers. The SbpA protein layer degradation process as well as its impact on the loss of anti-fouling properties have been characterized, in terms of mass and structural changes, by means of real time quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring, atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments, and fluorescence microscopy. The results show that overall structure degradation (citrate buffer) has a higher impact on the loss of antifouling properties than selective removal of divalent cations. Thus, crystal structure integrity is a necessary condition for bacterial antifouling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagoba Iturri
- Institute for Biophysics, Dept. of Nanobiotechnology, BOKU University for Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11 (Simon Zeise l Haus), A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Alberto Moreno-Cencerrado
- Institute for Biophysics, Dept. of Nanobiotechnology, BOKU University for Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11 (Simon Zeise l Haus), A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - José L Toca-Herrera
- Institute for Biophysics, Dept. of Nanobiotechnology, BOKU University for Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11 (Simon Zeise l Haus), A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
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49
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A tamB homolog is involved in maintenance of cell envelope integrity and stress resistance of Deinococcus radiodurans. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45929. [PMID: 28383523 PMCID: PMC5382914 DOI: 10.1038/srep45929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The translocation and assembly module (TAM) in bacteria consists of TamA and TamB that form a complex to control the transport and secretion of outer membrane proteins. Herein, we demonstrated that the DR_1462-DR_1461-DR_1460 gene loci on chromosome 1 of Deinococcus radiodurans, which lacks tamA homologs, is a tamB homolog (DR_146T) with two tamB motifs and a DUF490 motif. Mutation of DR_146T resulted in cell envelope peeling and a decrease in resistance to shear stress and osmotic pressure, as well as an increase in oxidative stress resistance, consistent with the phenotype of a surface layer (S-layer) protein SlpA (DR_2577) mutant, demonstrating the involvement of DR_146T in maintenance of cell envelope integrity. The 123 kDa SlpA was absent and only its fragments were present in the cell envelope of DR_146T mutant, suggesting that DR_146T might be involved in maintenance of the S-layer. A mutant lacking the DUF490 motif displayed only a slight alteration in phenotype compared with the wild type, suggesting DUF490 is less important than tamB motif for the function of DR_146T. These findings enhance our understanding of the properties of the multilayered envelope in extremophilic D. radiodurans, as well as the diversity and functions of TAMs in bacteria.
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Sun Z, Li P, Liu F, Bian H, Wang D, Wang X, Zou Y, Sun C, Xu W. Synergistic antibacterial mechanism of the Lactobacillus crispatus surface layer protein and nisin on Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:265. [PMID: 28325944 PMCID: PMC5428217 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
SlpB, a surface layer protein isolated from Lactobacillus crispatus, has the potential to enhance the antimicrobial activity of nisin. Previous research indicated that, when combined with nisin, SlpB acted synergistically to inhibit Staphylococcus saprophyticus growth, thus extending the shelf life of chicken meat. In order to understand how SlpB enhances the antibacterial activity of nisin, electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, flow cytometry and transmembrane electrical potential analysis were used to study cell wall organization and cell membrane integrity. No remarkable bacteriolytic effects were observed, indicating that cell death could not be attributed to cell lysis, although SlpB caused dramatic modifications of cell wall, thereby altering cell shape. The combination of SlpB and nisin also induced the release of ATP or UV-absorbing materials, as well as sudden dissipation of the transmembrane electrical potential by compromising membrane integrity. Considering that SlpB led to structural disorganization of the cell wall, and nisin access is enhanced to form a stable pore, cell death is a predictable outcome. SlpB significantly enhanced the effect of nisin at half of the minimum inhibitory concentration, which resulted in cell death by destroying the cell wall and cell membrane, therefore providing a new, feasible approach in food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilan Sun
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Pengpeng Li
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Fang Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China.
| | - Huan Bian
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Daoying Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China. .,Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Ye Zou
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Chong Sun
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China
| | - Weimin Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
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