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Guo J, Zhao J, Tian P, Xu Z, Wang R, Chen W, Wang X, Wan S, Yang Y, Zhang H. BaP/BPDE exposure causes human trophoblast cell dysfunctions and induces miscarriage by up-regulating lnc-HZ06-regulated IL1B. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134741. [PMID: 38991640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental BaP or its metabolite BPDE causes trophoblast cell dysfunctions to induce miscarriage (abnormal early embryo loss), which might be generally regulated by lncRNAs. IL1B, a critical inflammatory cytokine, is closely associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, whether IL1B might cause dysfunctions of BaP/BPDE-exposed trophoblast cells to induce miscarriage, as well as its specific epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, is completely unexplored. In this study, we find that BPDE-DNA adducts, trophoblast cell dysfunctions, and miscarriage are closely associated. Moreover, we also identify a novel lnc-HZ06 and IL1B, both of which are highly expressed in BPDE-exposed trophoblast cells, in villous tissues of recurrent miscarriage patients, and in placental tissues of BaP-exposed mice with miscarriage. Both lnc-HZ06 and IL1B suppress trophoblast cell migration/invasion and increase apoptosis. In mechanism, lnc-HZ06 promotes STAT4-mediated IL1B mRNA transcription, enhances IL1B mRNA stability by promoting the formation of METTL3/HuR/IL1B mRNA ternary complex, and finally up-regulates IL1B expression levels. BPDE exposure promotes TBP-mediated lnc-HZ06 transcription, and thus up-regulates IL1B levels. Knockdown of either murine lnc-hz06 (which down-regulates Il1b levels) or murine Il1b could alleviate miscarriage in BaP-exposed mice. Collectively, this study not only discovers novel biological mechanisms and pathogenesis of unexplained miscarriage but also provides novel potential targets for treatment against BaP/BPDE-induced miscarriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Chengdu Qingyang District for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jingsong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Peng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health & West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhongyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Weina Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Shukun Wan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China.
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2
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Jiang M, Wang X, Chen Z, Wang X, An Y, Ding L, Xu M, Fan B, Jiao P, Wang C, Wang M, Sun H, Zhao S, Gong Y. Lipolysis-Stimulated Lipoprotein Receptor in Proximal Tubule, BMP-SMAD Signaling, and Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 35:1016-1033. [PMID: 38809616 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Points
We identify that lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor is highly enriched in the nucleus of mouse and human kidney.This study provides new insights into the role of lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor in kidney disease.
Background
Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) is a single-pass membrane protein that plays essential roles in tricellular tight junction organization in the epithelium and endothelium, but its function in kidney physiology and disease development remains unknown.
Methods
Conditional Lsr deletion mice were generated and analyzed to investigate the function of LSR in proximal tubule. Unilateral ischemia-reperfusion was used as an injury model to investigate the role of LSR in AKI and the progression to CKD. Detailed mechanistic analyses were conducted using whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, coimmunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation, and adeno-associated virus-mediated gene overexpression and knockdown.
Results
The nuclear localization of LSR was found in the kidney. Proximal tubule–specific Lsr knockout mice exhibited alleviated kidney damage and fibrosis compared with those in wild-type mice in response unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Loss of LSR resulted in downregulation of Chrdl1 and activation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) signaling in proximal tubules. Treatment with CHRDL1 counteracted the protective effect of LSR deletion in the unilaterally ischemic injured kidney. In addition, the systemic delivery of Chrdl1 short hairpin RNA attenuated injury-induced kidney fibrosis. LSR formed a complex with 14-3-3θ in the nucleus of proximal tubular cells, thereby reducing the interaction between human antigen R and 14-3-3θ, consequently leading to the translocation of unbound human antigen R to the cytoplasm. The absence of LSR promoted the association of 14-3-3θ with human antigen R, potentially resulting in decreased human antigen R levels in the cytoplasm. Reduced human antigen R levels impaired Chrdl1 mRNA stability, subsequently leading to the activation of BMP-SMAD signaling.
Conclusions
Deletion of LSR in proximal tubule deregulated Chrdl1 to activate BMP-SMAD signaling and ameliorated kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine for Renal Diseases, Yantai, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhenni Chen
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yanan An
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine for Renal Diseases, Yantai, China
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Lixia Ding
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Mengyuan Xu
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Baozhen Fan
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Peng Jiao
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingxia Wang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine for Renal Diseases, Yantai, China
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine for Renal Diseases, Yantai, China
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Shengtian Zhao
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Urologic Tissue Reconstruction, Jinan, China
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yongfeng Gong
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine for Renal Diseases, Yantai, China
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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3
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Adamoski D, M Dos Reis L, Mafra ACP, Corrêa-da-Silva F, Moraes-Vieira PMMD, Berindan-Neagoe I, Calin GA, Dias SMG. HuR controls glutaminase RNA metabolism. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5620. [PMID: 38965208 PMCID: PMC11224379 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49874-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutaminase (GLS) is directly related to cell growth and tumor progression, making it a target for cancer treatment. The RNA-binding protein HuR (encoded by the ELAVL1 gene) influences mRNA stability and alternative splicing. Overexpression of ELAVL1 is common in several cancers, including breast cancer. Here we show that HuR regulates GLS mRNA alternative splicing and isoform translation/stability in breast cancer. Elevated ELAVL1 expression correlates with high levels of the glutaminase isoforms C (GAC) and kidney-type (KGA), which are associated with poor patient prognosis. Knocking down ELAVL1 reduces KGA and increases GAC levels, enhances glutamine anaplerosis into the TCA cycle, and drives cells towards glutamine dependence. Furthermore, we show that combining chemical inhibition of GLS with ELAVL1 silencing synergistically decreases breast cancer cell growth and invasion. These findings suggest that dual inhibition of GLS and HuR offers a therapeutic strategy for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Adamoski
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa M Dos Reis
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Paschoalini Mafra
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, S. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Felipe Corrêa-da-Silva
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Manoel Mendes de Moraes-Vieira
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology, and Immunology, Laboratory of Immunometabolism, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu-Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Inference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sandra Martha Gomes Dias
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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4
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Naseer QA, Malik A, Zhang F, Chen S. Exploring the enigma: history, present, and future of long non-coding RNAs in cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:214. [PMID: 38847897 PMCID: PMC11161455 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are more than 200 nucleotides in length and do not encode proteins, play crucial roles in governing gene expression at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. These molecules demonstrate specific expression patterns in various tissues and developmental stages, suggesting their involvement in numerous developmental processes and diseases, notably cancer. Despite their widespread acknowledgment and the growing enthusiasm surrounding their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, the precise mechanisms through which lncRNAs function remain inadequately understood. A few lncRNAs have been studied in depth, providing valuable insights into their biological activities and suggesting emerging functional themes and mechanistic models. However, the extent to which the mammalian genome is transcribed into functional noncoding transcripts is still a matter of debate. This review synthesizes our current understanding of lncRNA biogenesis, their genomic contexts, and their multifaceted roles in tumorigenesis, highlighting their potential in cancer-targeted therapy. By exploring historical perspectives alongside recent breakthroughs, we aim to illuminate the diverse roles of lncRNA and reflect on the broader implications of their study for understanding genome evolution and function, as well as for advancing clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qais Ahmad Naseer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Fengyuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Shengxia Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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5
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Patil M, Singh S, Dubey PK, Tousif S, Umbarkar P, Zhang Q, Lal H, Sewell-Loftin MK, Umeshappa CS, Ghebre YT, Pogwizd S, Zhang J, Krishnamurthy P. Fibroblast-Specific Depletion of Human Antigen R Alleviates Myocardial Fibrosis Induced by Cardiac Stress. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:754-770. [PMID: 39070272 PMCID: PMC11282885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis can be mitigated by limiting fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and proliferation. Human antigen R (HuR) modulates messenger RNA stability and expression of multiple genes. However, the direct role of cardiac myofibroblast HuR is unknown. Myofibroblast-specific deletion of HuR limited cardiac fibrosis and preserved cardiac functions in pressure overload injury. Knockdown of HuR in transforming growth factor-β1-treated cardiac fibroblasts suppressed myofibroblast differentiation and proliferation. HuR deletion abrogated the expression and messenger RNA stability of cyclins D1 and A2, suggesting a potential mechanism by which HuR promotes myofibroblast proliferation. Overall, these data suggest that inhibition of HuR could be a potential therapeutic approach to limit cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjun Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sarojini Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Praveen Kumar Dubey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sultan Tousif
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Prachi Umbarkar
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Qinkun Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Hind Lal
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mary Kathryn Sewell-Loftin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Yohannes T. Ghebre
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Steven Pogwizd
- Comprehensive Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jianyi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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6
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Abdelsam SS, Ghanem SK, Zahid MA, Abunada HH, Bader L, Raïq H, Khan A, Parray A, Djouhri L, Agouni A. Human antigen R: Exploring its inflammatory response impact and significance in cardiometabolic disorders. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31229. [PMID: 38426269 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play a crucial role in the regulation of posttranscriptional RNA networks, which can undergo dysregulation in many pathological conditions. Human antigen R (HuR) is a highly researched RBP that plays a crucial role as a posttranscriptional regulator. HuR plays a crucial role in the amplification of inflammatory signals by stabilizing the messenger RNA of diverse inflammatory mediators and key molecular players. The noteworthy correlations between HuR and its target molecules, coupled with the remarkable impacts reported on the pathogenesis and advancement of multiple diseases, position HuR as a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention in diverse inflammatory conditions. This review article examines the significance of HuR as a member of the RBP family, its regulatory mechanisms, and its implications in the pathophysiology of inflammation and cardiometabolic illnesses. Our objective is to illuminate potential directions for future research and drug development by conducting a comprehensive analysis of the existing body of research on HuR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahenda Salah Abdelsam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sarah Khalaf Ghanem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Ammar Zahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hanan H Abunada
- Office of Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Loulia Bader
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hicham Raïq
- Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abbas Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aijaz Parray
- The Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Laiche Djouhri
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, QU health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Office of Vice President for Medical & Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Huang Y, Zhang R, Lyu H, Xiao S, Guo D, Chen XZ, Zhou C, Tang J. LncRNAs as nodes for the cross-talk between autophagy and Wnt signaling in pancreatic cancer drug resistance. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:2698-2726. [PMID: 38725864 PMCID: PMC11077374 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.91832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a malignancy with high mortality. In addition to the few symptoms until the disease reaches an advanced stage, the high fatality rate is attributed to its rapid development, drug resistance and lack of appropriate treatment. In the selection and research of therapeutic drugs, gemcitabine is the first-line drug for pancreatic cancer. Solving the problem of gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer will contribute to the progress of pancreatic cancer treatment. Long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides, play vital roles in cellular physiological metabolic activities. Currently, our group and others have found that some lncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in pancreatic cancer cells, which can regulate the process of cancer through autophagy and Wnt/β-catenin pathways simultaneously and affect the sensitivity of cancer cells to therapeutic drugs. This review presents an overview of the recent evidence concerning the node of lncRNA for the cross-talk between autophagy and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in pancreatic cancer, together with the practicability of lncRNAs and the core regulatory factors as targets in therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Huang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China, 430068
| | - Rui Zhang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China, 430068
| | - Hao Lyu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China, 430068
| | - Shuai Xiao
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China, 430068
| | - Dong Guo
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China, 430068
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G2R3
| | - Cefan Zhou
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China, 430068
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China, 430068
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8
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Saluja S, Bansal I, Bhardwaj R, Beg MS, Palanichamy JK. Inflammation as a driver of hematological malignancies. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1347402. [PMID: 38571491 PMCID: PMC10987768 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1347402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a tightly regulated process that produces all adult blood cells and immune cells from multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). HSCs usually remain quiescent, and in the presence of external stimuli like infection or inflammation, they undergo division and differentiation as a compensatory mechanism. Normal hematopoiesis is impacted by systemic inflammation, which causes HSCs to transition from quiescence to emergency myelopoiesis. At the molecular level, inflammatory cytokine signaling molecules such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferons, interleukins, and toll-like receptors can all cause HSCs to multiply directly. These cytokines actively encourage HSC activation, proliferation, and differentiation during inflammation, which results in the generation and activation of immune cells required to combat acute injury. The bone marrow niche provides numerous soluble and stromal cell signals, which are essential for maintaining normal homeostasis and output of the bone marrow cells. Inflammatory signals also impact this bone marrow microenvironment called the HSC niche to regulate the inflammatory-induced hematopoiesis. Continuous pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine activation can have detrimental effects on the hematopoietic system, which can lead to cancer development, HSC depletion, and bone marrow failure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage DNA and ultimately lead to the transformation of HSCs into cancerous cells, are produced due to chronic inflammation. The biological elements of the HSC niche produce pro-inflammatory cytokines that cause clonal growth and the development of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) in hematological malignancies. The processes underlying how inflammation affects hematological malignancies are still not fully understood. In this review, we emphasize the effects of inflammation on normal hematopoiesis, the part it plays in the development and progression of hematological malignancies, and potential therapeutic applications for targeting these pathways for therapy in hematological malignancies.
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9
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Morillo-Bernal J, Pizarro-García P, Moreno-Bueno G, Cano A, Mazón MJ, Eraso P, Portillo F. HuR (ELAVL1) Stabilizes SOX9 mRNA and Promotes Migration and Invasion in Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:384. [PMID: 38254873 PMCID: PMC10813878 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins play diverse roles in cancer, influencing various facets of the disease, including proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, senescence, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis. HuR, a known RBP, is recognized for stabilizing mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs), although its complete repertoire of mRNA targets remains undefined. Through a bioinformatics analysis of the gene expression profile of the Hs578T basal-like triple-negative breast cancer cell line with silenced HuR, we have identified SOX9 as a potential HuR-regulated target. SOX9 is a transcription factor involved in promoting EMT, metastasis, survival, and the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in triple-negative breast cancer. Ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation assays confirm a direct interaction between HuR and SOX9 mRNA. The half-life of SOX9 mRNA and the levels of SOX9 protein decreased in cells lacking HuR. Cells silenced for HuR exhibit reduced migration and invasion compared to control cells, a phenotype similar to that described for SOX9-silenced cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Morillo-Bernal
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Patricia Pizarro-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Gema Moreno-Bueno
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Fundación MD Anderson Internacional, 28033 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amparo Cano
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Mazón
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Pilar Eraso
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Francisco Portillo
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.-B.); (P.P.-G.); (G.M.-B.); (A.C.); (M.J.M.); (P.E.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Hotton J, Gauchotte G, Mougel R, Migliorini M, Lacomme S, Battaglia-Hsu SF, Agopiantz M. Expressions of HuR, Methyl-HuR and Phospho-HuR in Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma Are Associated with Clinical Features. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:954. [PMID: 38256026 PMCID: PMC10815350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
HuR regulates cytoplasmic mRNA stability and translatability, with its expression correlating with adverse outcomes in various cancers. This study aimed to assess the prognostic value and pro-oncogenic properties of HuR and its post-translational isoforms methyl-HuR and phospho-HuR in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Examining 89 endometrioid adenocarcinomas, we analyzed the relationship between HuR nuclear or cytoplasmic immunostaining, tumor-cell proliferation, and patient survival. HuR cytoplasmic expression was significantly increased in grade 3 vs. grade 1 adenocarcinomas (p < 0.001), correlating with worse overall survival (OS) (p = 0.02). Methyl-HuR cytoplasmic expression significantly decreased in grade 3 vs. grade 1 adenocarcinomas (p < 0.001) and correlated with better OS (p = 0.002). Phospho-HuR nuclear expression significantly decreased in grade 3 vs. grade 1 adenocarcinomas (p < 0.001) and non-significantly correlated with increased OS (p = 0.06). Cytoplasmic HuR expression strongly correlated with proliferation markers MCM6 (rho = 0.59 and p < 0.001) and Ki67 (rho = 0.49 and p < 0.001). Conversely, these latter inversely correlated with cytoplasmic methyl-HuR and nuclear phospho-HuR. Cytoplasmic HuR expression is a poor prognosis marker in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma, while cytoplasmic methyl-HuR and nuclear phosphoHuR expressions are markers of better prognosis. This study highlights HuR as a promising potential therapeutic target, especially in treatment-resistant tumors, though further research is needed to understand the mechanisms regulating HuR subcellular localization and post-translational modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judicaël Hotton
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, CHRU de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France;
- INSERM U1256 NGERE, Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (G.G.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (S.-F.B.-H.)
| | - Guillaume Gauchotte
- INSERM U1256 NGERE, Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (G.G.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (S.-F.B.-H.)
- Department of Biopathology CHRU of Nancy, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, BBB, CHRU de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU de Nancy, 54000 Nancy, France;
| | - Romane Mougel
- INSERM U1256 NGERE, Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (G.G.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (S.-F.B.-H.)
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, CHRU de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Mégane Migliorini
- INSERM U1256 NGERE, Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (G.G.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (S.-F.B.-H.)
| | - Stéphanie Lacomme
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, BB-0033-00035, CHRU de Nancy, 54000 Nancy, France;
| | - Shyue-Fang Battaglia-Hsu
- INSERM U1256 NGERE, Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (G.G.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (S.-F.B.-H.)
| | - Mikaël Agopiantz
- INSERM U1256 NGERE, Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (G.G.); (R.M.); (M.M.); (S.-F.B.-H.)
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, CHRU de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
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11
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Goswami B, Nag S, Ray PS. Fates and functions of RNA-binding proteins under stress. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023:e1825. [PMID: 38014833 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to stress activates a well-orchestrated set of changes in gene expression programs that allow the cell to cope with and adapt to the stress, or undergo programmed cell death. RNA-protein interactions, mediating all aspects of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, play crucial roles in cellular stress responses. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which interact with sequence/structural elements in RNAs to control the steps of RNA metabolism, have therefore emerged as central regulators of post-transcriptional responses to stress. Following exposure to a variety of stresses, the dynamic alterations in the RNA-protein interactome enable cells to respond to intracellular or extracellular perturbations by causing changes in mRNA splicing, polyadenylation, stability, translation, and localization. As RBPs play a central role in determining the cellular proteome both qualitatively and quantitatively, it has become increasingly evident that their abundance, availability, and functions are also highly regulated in response to stress. Exposure to stress initiates a series of signaling cascades that converge on post-translational modifications (PTMs) of RBPs, resulting in changes in their subcellular localization, association with stress granules, extracellular export, proteasomal degradation, and RNA-binding activities. These alterations in the fate and function of RBPs directly impact their post-transcriptional regulatory roles in cells under stress. Adopting the ubiquitous RBP HuR as a prototype, three scenarios illustrating the changes in nuclear-cytoplasmic localization, RNA-binding activity, export and degradation of HuR in response to inflammation, genotoxic stress, and heat shock depict the complex and interlinked regulatory mechanisms that control the fate and functions of RBPs under stress. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binita Goswami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Sharanya Nag
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Partho Sarothi Ray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
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12
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Li J, Li J, Teng P, Yang F, Zhang J, Sun B, Chen W. Long noncoding RNA 1392 regulates MDA5 by interaction with ELAVL1 to inhibit coxsackievirus B5 infection. Virol Sin 2023; 38:699-708. [PMID: 37543144 PMCID: PMC10590689 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) modulate many aspects of biological and pathological processes. Recent studies have shown that host lncRNAs participate in the antiviral immune response, but functional lncRNAs in coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) infection remain unknown. Here, we identified a novel cytoplasmic lncRNA, LINC1392, which was highly inducible in CVB5 infected RD cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and also can be induced by the viral RNA and IFN-β. Further investigation showed that LINC1392 promoted several important interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expression, including IFIT1, IFIT2, and IFITM3 by activating MDA5, thereby inhibiting the replication of CVB5 in vitro. Mechanistically, LINC1392 bound to ELAV like RNA binding protein 1 (ELAVL1) and blocked ELAVL1 interaction with MDA5. Functional study revealed that the 245-835 nt locus of LINC1392 exerted the antiviral effect and was also an important site for ELAVL1 binding. In mice, LINC1392 could inhibit CVB5 replication and alleviated the histopathological lesions of intestinal and brain tissues induced by viral infection. Our findings collectively reveal that the novel LINC1392 acts as a positive regulator in the IFN-I signaling pathway against CVB5 infection. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms on how lncRNA regulats the host innate immunity response towards CVB5 infection will lay the foundation for antiviral drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jinwei Li
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Peiying Teng
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jihong Zhang
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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13
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Stukas D, Jasukaitiene A, Bartkeviciene A, Matthews J, Maimets T, Teino I, Jaudzems K, Gulbinas A, Dambrauskas Z. Targeting AHR Increases Pancreatic Cancer Cell Sensitivity to Gemcitabine through the ELAVL1-DCK Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13155. [PMID: 37685961 PMCID: PMC10487468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a transcription factor that is commonly upregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). AHR hinders the shuttling of human antigen R (ELAVL1) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it stabilises its target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and enhances protein expression. Among these target mRNAs are those induced by gemcitabine. Increased AHR expression leads to the sequestration of ELAVL1 in the nucleus, resulting in chemoresistance. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between AHR and ELAVL1 in the pathogenesis of PDAC in vitro. AHR and ELAVL1 genes were silenced by siRNA transfection. The RNA and protein were extracted for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) analysis. Direct binding between the ELAVL1 protein and AHR mRNA was examined through immunoprecipitation (IP) assay. Cell viability, clonogenicity, and migration assays were performed. Our study revealed that both AHR and ELAVL1 inter-regulate each other, while also having a role in cell proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance in PDAC cell lines. Notably, both proteins function through distinct mechanisms. The silencing of ELAVL1 disrupts the stability of its target mRNAs, resulting in the decreased expression of numerous cytoprotective proteins. In contrast, the silencing of AHR diminishes cell migration and proliferation and enhances cell sensitivity to gemcitabine through the AHR-ELAVL1-deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) molecular pathway. In conclusion, AHR and ELAVL1 interaction can form a negative feedback loop. By inhibiting AHR expression, PDAC cells become more susceptible to gemcitabine through the ELAVL1-DCK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Stukas
- Surgical Gastroenterology Laboratory, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (A.G.); (Z.D.)
| | - Aldona Jasukaitiene
- Surgical Gastroenterology Laboratory, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (A.G.); (Z.D.)
| | - Arenida Bartkeviciene
- Surgical Gastroenterology Laboratory, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (A.G.); (Z.D.)
| | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 1046 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Toivo Maimets
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (T.M.); (I.T.)
| | - Indrek Teino
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (T.M.); (I.T.)
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Antanas Gulbinas
- Surgical Gastroenterology Laboratory, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (A.G.); (Z.D.)
| | - Zilvinas Dambrauskas
- Surgical Gastroenterology Laboratory, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (A.B.); (A.G.); (Z.D.)
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14
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Huang Z, Liu S, Tang A, Wu X, Aube J, Xu L, Huang Y. Targeting RNA-binding protein HuR to inhibit the progression of renal tubular fibrosis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:428. [PMID: 37391777 PMCID: PMC10311833 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upregulation of an RNA-binding protein HuR has been implicated in glomerular diseases. Herein, we evaluated whether it is involved in renal tubular fibrosis. METHODS HuR was firstly examined in human kidney biopsy tissue with tubular disease. Second, its expression and the effect of HuR inhibition with KH3 on tubular injury were further assessed in a mouse model induced by a unilateral renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR). KH3 (50 mg kg-1) was given daily via intraperitoneal injection from day 3 to 14 after IR. Last, one of HuR-targeted pathways was examined in cultured proximal tubular cells. RESULTS HuR significantly increases at the site of tubular injury both in progressive CKD in patients and in IR-injured kidneys in mice, accompanied by upregulation of HuR targets that are involved in inflammation, profibrotic cytokines, oxidative stress, proliferation, apoptosis, tubular EMT process, matrix remodeling and fibrosis in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. KH3 treatment reduces the IR-induced tubular injury and fibrosis, accompanied by the remarkable amelioration in those involved pathways. A panel of mRNA array further revealed that 519 molecules in mouse kidney following IR injury changed their expression and 71.3% of them that are involved in 50 profibrotic pathways, were ameliorated when treated with KH3. In vitro, TGFβ1 induced tubular HuR cytoplasmic translocation and subsequent tubular EMT, which were abrogated by KH3 administration in cultured HK-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that excessive upregulation of HuR contributes to renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by dysregulating genes involved in multiple profibrotic pathways and activating the TGFß1/HuR feedback circuit in tubular cells. Inhibition of HuR may have therapeutic potential for renal tubular fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Huang
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Science, Wintrobe Rm 403, 26 N Medical Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Simeng Liu
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Science, Wintrobe Rm 403, 26 N Medical Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Anna Tang
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Science, Wintrobe Rm 403, 26 N Medical Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Jeffrey Aube
- Department of Chemical Biology and Medical Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Yufeng Huang
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Science, Wintrobe Rm 403, 26 N Medical Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
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15
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Supe S, Upadhya A, Tripathi S, Dighe V, Singh K. Liposome-polyethylenimine complexes for the effective delivery of HuR siRNA in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1675-1698. [PMID: 36630075 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01281-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a vision-impairing complication of diabetes, damaging the retinal microcirculatory system. Overexpression of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) is implicated in the pathogenesis of DR. Human antigen R (HuR) is an RNA-binding protein that favorably regulates VEGF protein expression by binding to VEGF-encoding mRNA. Downregulating HuR via RNA interference strategies using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) may constitute a novel therapeutic method for preventing VEGF protein overexpression in DR. Delivery of siRNAs to the cellular cytoplasm can be facilitated by cationic peptides or polymers and lipids. In this study, a cationic polymer (polyethylenimine (PEI)) and lipid nanoparticles (liposomes) were co-formulated with siRNA to form lipopolyplexes (LPPs) for the delivery of HuR siRNA. LPPs-siRNA were analyzed for size, zeta potential, serum stability, RNase stability, heparin stability, toxicity, and siRNA encapsulation efficiency. Cellular uptake, downregulation of the target HuR (mRNA and protein), and associated VEGF protein were used to demonstrate the biological efficacy of the LPPs-HuR siRNA, in vitro (human ARPE-19 cells), and in vivo (Wistar rats). In vivo efficacy study was performed by injecting LPPs-HuR siRNA formulations into the eye of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats after the development of retinopathy. Our findings demonstrated that high retinal HuR and VEGF levels observed in the eyes of untreated STZ rats were lowered after LPPs-HuR siRNA administration. Our observations indicate that intravitreal treatment with HuR siRNA is a promising option for DR using LPPs as delivery agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibani Supe
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Archana Upadhya
- Humera Khan College of Pharmacy, HK College Campus, Oshiwara, Jogeshwari (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400102, India
| | - Santosh Tripathi
- Bombay Veterinary College, Sindhu Nagar, Parel Village, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India
| | - Vikas Dighe
- National Centre for Preclinical Reproductive and Genetic Toxicology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, J.M.Street, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India.
| | - Kavita Singh
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India.
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16
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Smith MM, Melrose J. Pentosan Polysulfate Affords Pleotropic Protection to Multiple Cells and Tissues. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:437. [PMID: 36986536 PMCID: PMC10132487 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentosan polysulfate (PPS), a small semi-synthetic highly sulfated heparan sulfate (HS)-like molecule, shares many of the interactive properties of HS. The aim of this review was to outline the potential of PPS as an interventional therapeutic protective agent in physiological processes affecting pathological tissues. PPS is a multifunctional molecule with diverse therapeutic actions against many disease processes. PPS has been used for decades in the treatment of interstitial cystitis and painful bowel disease, it has tissue-protective properties as a protease inhibitor in cartilage, tendon and IVD, and it has been used as a cell-directive component in bioscaffolds in tissue engineering applications. PPS regulates complement activation, coagulation, fibrinolysis and thrombocytopenia, and it promotes the synthesis of hyaluronan. Nerve growth factor production in osteocytes is inhibited by PPS, reducing bone pain in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (OA/RA). PPS also removes fatty compounds from lipid-engorged subchondral blood vessels in OA/RA cartilage, reducing joint pain. PPS regulates cytokine and inflammatory mediator production and is also an anti-tumor agent that promotes the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and the development of progenitor cell lineages that have proven to be useful in strategies designed to effect repair of the degenerate intervertebral disc (IVD) and OA cartilage. PPS stimulates proteoglycan synthesis by chondrocytes in the presence or absence of interleukin (IL)-1, and stimulates hyaluronan production by synoviocytes. PPS is thus a multifunctional tissue-protective molecule of potential therapeutic application for a diverse range of disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M. Smith
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia;
| | - James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia;
- Graduate Schools of Biomedical Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Campus, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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17
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Anand S, Khan MA, Zubair H, Sudan SK, Vikramdeo KS, Deshmukh SK, Azim S, Srivastava SK, Singh S, Singh AP. MYB sustains hypoxic survival of pancreatic cancer cells by facilitating metabolic reprogramming. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55643. [PMID: 36592158 PMCID: PMC9986821 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive desmoplasia and poor vasculature renders pancreatic tumors severely hypoxic, contributing to their aggressiveness and therapy resistance. Here, we identify the HuR/MYB/HIF1α axis as a critical regulator of the metabolic plasticity and hypoxic survival of pancreatic cancer cells. HuR undergoes nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation under hypoxia and stabilizes MYB transcripts, while MYB transcriptionally upregulates HIF1α. Upon MYB silencing, pancreatic cancer cells fail to survive and adapt metabolically under hypoxia, despite forced overexpression of HIF1α. MYB induces the transcription of several HIF1α-regulated glycolytic genes by directly binding to their promoters, thus enhancing the recruitment of HIF1α to hypoxia-responsive elements through its interaction with p300-dependent histone acetylation. MYB-depleted pancreatic cancer cells exhibit a dramatic reduction in tumorigenic ability, glucose-uptake and metabolism in orthotopic mouse model, even after HIF1α restoration. Together, our findings reveal an essential role of MYB in metabolic reprogramming that supports pancreatic cancer cell survival under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Anand
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Mohammad Aslam Khan
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Haseeb Zubair
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Sarabjeet Kour Sudan
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Kunwar Somesh Vikramdeo
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Sachin Kumar Deshmukh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Shafquat Azim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Ajay Pratap Singh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
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18
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Boudhiba N, Sfar S, Helaoui A, Bouanene I, Hołysz M, Skalska E, Bouchahda H, Jagodziński PP, Kenani A. Association between the ELAVL1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and the Genetic Susceptibility to cervical cancer by high resolution melting in a Tunisian population. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2559-2567. [PMID: 36626067 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07868-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus is the major cause of cervical cancer, but only few cases develop into cancer. Nevertheless, HuR (ELAVL1) gene has been implicated in the oncogenesis of certain cancers. The correlation between ELAVL1 gene and the risk of cervical cancer remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of ELAVL1 gene polymorphisms (SNPs) in cervical cancer development in Tunisian women. METHOD ELAVL1 gene SNPs: ELAVL1 rs12983784 T > C, ELAVL1 rs14394 T > C, ELAVL1 rs74369359 G > T, ELAVL1 rs35986520 G > A, ELAVL1 rs10402477 C > T, ELAVL1 rs12985234 A > G and ELAVL1 rs2042920 T > G, were genotyped by High resolution melting (HRM). SNPStats software was used to perform linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotype analysis. RESULTS Comparing the cervical cancer patients with healthy control participants, the SNPs rs12983784 (P = 0.032), rs74369359 (p = < 10- 3) and rs10402477 (P = 0.001) were associated with an increased cervical cancer risk. Contrary to the SNPs rs14394, rs7469359, rs35986520, rs12985234 and rs2042920 (p˃0.05). The haplotype analysis of the seven SNPs of ELAVL1 gene showed that there is no association between the different haplotypes and a possible risk of cervical cancer disease. Moreover, there was a significant Linkage disequilibrium between rs35986520 and rs2042920 (D'=0.9972) and between rs2042920 and rs10402477 (D'=0.9977). CONCLUSION Our results indicated that genetic variants in the ELAVL1 gene might be associated with susceptibility to cervical cancer in the Tunisian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najet Boudhiba
- Research Laboratory "Environment, Inflammation, Signalling and Pathologies" (LR18ES40), Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Sana Sfar
- Research Laboratory "Environment, Inflammation, Signalling and Pathologies" (LR18ES40), Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Helaoui
- Research Laboratory "Environment, Inflammation, Signalling and Pathologies" (LR18ES40), Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ines Bouanene
- Department of Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Marcin Hołysz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 S´wie˛cickiego St, 60-781, Poznan, Poland
| | - EwaIwańczyk Skalska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 S´wie˛cickiego St, 60-781, Poznan, Poland
| | - Haifa Bouchahda
- Department of Gynaecology Obstetric, University of Monastir, Tahar Sfar University Hospital, 5111, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Paweł P Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 S´wie˛cickiego St, 60-781, Poznan, Poland
| | - Abderraouf Kenani
- Research Laboratory "Environment, Inflammation, Signalling and Pathologies" (LR18ES40), Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
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Dabbaghi KG, Mashatan N, Faraz O, Bashkandi AH, Shomoossi N, Tabnak P. A review on the roles and molecular mechanisms of MAFG-AS1 in oncogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 243:154348. [PMID: 36736142 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have more than 200 nucleotides and do not encode proteins. At the same time, they can regulate various biological functions and therefore play an essential role as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in human cancers. MAFG-AS1 is an antisense RNA of MAF BZIP Transcription Factor G (MAFG) located at chromosome 17q25.3 head-to-head with the MAFG encoding gene containing a transcript size of 1895 bp. Accumulating evidence shows that MAFG-AS1 is overexpressed in many cancers, functions as an oncogene, and is significantly associated with poor clinical characteristics and prognosis. In this review, we first discuss the recent literature regarding the role of MAFG-AS1 in different cancers as well as its diagnostic and prognostic values. Then we will provide insights into its biological functions, such as its role in cancer progression, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) activity, regulation of EMT, glycolysis, energy metabolism, transcription factors, proteasomal degradation, and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noushin Mashatan
- Graduated, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Omid Faraz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Mersin 10, Nicosia, Turkey
| | | | | | - Peyman Tabnak
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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20
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LncGMDS-AS1 promotes the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer through HuR-STAT3/Wnt axis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:165. [PMID: 36849492 PMCID: PMC9970971 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation promotes the tumorigenesis and cell stemness maintenance of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the bridge role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in linking chronic inflammation to CRC development and progression needs better understanding. Here, we elucidated a novel function of lncRNA GMDS-AS1 in persistently activated signal transducer and transcription activator 3 (STAT3) and Wnt signaling and CRC tumorigenesis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Wnt3a induced lncRNA GMDS-AS1 expression, which was highly expressed in the CRC tissues and plasma of CRC patients. GMDS-AS1 knockdown impaired the survival, proliferation and stem cell-like phenotype acquisition of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. We performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and mass spectrometry (MS) to probe target proteins and identify their contributions to the downstream signaling pathways of GMDS-AS1. In CRC cells, GMDS-AS1 physically interacted with the RNA-stabilizing protein HuR, thereby protecting the HuR protein from polyubiquitination- and proteasome-dependent degradation. HuR stabilized STAT3 mRNA and upregulated the levels of basal and phosphorylated STAT3 protein, persistently activating STAT3 signaling. Our research revealed that the lncRNA GMDS-AS1 and its direct target HuR constitutively activate STAT3/Wnt signaling and promote CRC tumorigenesis, the GMDS-AS1-HuR-STAT3/Wnt axis is a therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic target in CRC.
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21
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Deb S, Chakrabarti A, Fox SB. Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Familial Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041346. [PMID: 36831687 PMCID: PMC9953970 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Large numbers of breast cancers arise within a familial context, either with known inherited germline mutations largely within DNA repair genes, or with a strong family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer, with unknown genetic underlying mechanisms. These cancers appear to be different to sporadic cases, with earlier age of onset, increased multifocality and with association with specific breast cancer histological and phenotypic subtypes. Furthermore, tumours showing homologous recombination deficiency, due to loss of BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2 and CHEK2 function, have been shown to be especially sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapeutics and PARP inhibition. While there is extensive research and data accrued on risk stratification and genetic predisposition, there are few data pertaining to relevant prognostic and predictive biomarkers within this breast cancer subgroup. The following is a review of such biomarkers in male and female familial breast cancer, although the data for the former are particularly sparse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Deb
- Anatpath, Gardenvale, VIC 3185, Australia
- Monash Health Pathology, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Stephen B. Fox
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Mebourne, Melbourne, VIC 3101, Australia
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22
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Liao Y, Liao Y, Li J, Li Y, Fan Y. The Prognostic Role of HuR Varies Between Different Subtypes of Breast Cancer Patients: Data Mining and Retrospective Analysis. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2023; 15:135-146. [PMID: 36816839 PMCID: PMC9930679 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s395984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective Human-antigen R (HuR) is an RNA-binding protein, which regulates the expression of several oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes through post-transcriptional mechanisms. But the role of HuR in breast cancer remains controversial. The aim of this study was to verify the association between cytoplasmic HuR level and prognosis of breast cancer patients. Methods Data mining from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and Kaplan-Meier Plotter (KMP) databases was performed. Then, 394 patients with stage I-III primary breast cancer were enrolled between January 2005 and December 2016. We investigated the association between cytoplasmic HuR level and clinicopathological characteristics or survival of these patients. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine HuR expression level. SPSS 21.0 statistical software was used for analysis. Results In the HPA and KMP datasets, HuR protein and mRNA expression level were not significantly associated with overall survival of all breast cancer patients enrolled. Results from our 394 patients indicated that higher expression level of cytoplasmic HuR was associated with larger tumor size, lymph node positive, ER negative and triple-negative subtype. For all patients enrolled, the results indicated that compared with HuR negative patients, the DFS (disease-free survival) of HuR 1+ was longer (60.5% vs 78.8, P=0.053, HR=0.616, 95% CI: 0.378-1.005), the P value was borderline. In the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subgroup, HuR positive patients had significantly longer DFS than HuR negative patients (65.5% vs 30.8%, P=0.001, HR=0.345, 95% CI: 0.180-0.658). In the HR+HER2- subgroup, HuR low (0~1+) patients had significantly longer OS than HuR high (2+~3+) patients (97.0% vs 89.5%, P=0.033, HR=2.482, 95% CI: 1.074-5.736). Conclusion In conclusion, our results revealed that higher expression level of HuR was related to aggressive biological characteristics which supported the findings from previous researches. In the HR+HER2- subgroup, lower HuR expression level patients had better survival time, while in the TNBC subgroup we got the opposite results. Our work indicated that HuR might play different roles in different breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Liao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulu Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China,Yong Li, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwaizhengjie, Donghu, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15879155066, Email
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Ying Fan, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer institute and hospital, Peking Union Medical college, Chinese Academy of Medical science, No. 17, Nan Li, Panjiayuan, Beijing, 100021, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13693656671, Email
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23
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Wu X, Ramesh R, Wang J, Zheng Y, Armaly AM, Wei L, Xing M, Roy S, Lan L, Gao FP, Miao Y, Xu L, Aubé J. Small Molecules Targeting the RNA-Binding Protein HuR Inhibit Tumor Growth in Xenografts. J Med Chem 2023; 66:2032-2053. [PMID: 36690437 PMCID: PMC10101218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein Hu antigen R (HuR) is a post-transcriptional regulator critical in several types of diseases, including cancer, making it a promising therapeutic target. We have identified small-molecule inhibitors of HuR through a screening approach used in combination with fragment analysis. A total of 36 new compounds originating from fragment linking or structural optimization were studied to establish structure-activity relationships in the set. Two top inhibitors, 1c and 7c, were further validated by binding assays and cellular functional assays. Both block HuR function by directly binding to the RNA-binding pocket, inhibit cancer cell growth dependence of HuR, and suppress cancer cell invasion. Intraperitoneal administration of inhibitor 1c inhibits tumor growth as a single agent and shows a synergistic effect in combination with chemotherapy docetaxel in breast cancer xenograft models. Mechanistically, 1c interferes with the HuR-TGFB/THBS1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Remya Ramesh
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | | | - Youguang Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Ahlam M Armaly
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | | | | | - Sudeshna Roy
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | | | | | | | - Liang Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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24
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Badaoui M, Sobolewski C, Luscher A, Bacchetta M, Köhler T, van Delden C, Foti M, Chanson M. Targeting HuR-Vav3 mRNA interaction prevents Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesion to the cystic fibrosis airway epithelium. JCI Insight 2023; 8:161961. [PMID: 36602863 PMCID: PMC9977432 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.161961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by chronic bacterial infections leading to progressive bronchiectasis and respiratory failure. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is the predominant opportunistic pathogen infecting the CF airways. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav3 plays a critical role in Pa adhesion to the CF airways by inducing luminal fibronectin deposition that favors bacteria trapping. Here we report that Vav3 overexpression in CF is caused by upregulation of the mRNA-stabilizing protein HuR. We found that HuR accumulates in the cytoplasm of CF airway epithelial cells and that it binds to and stabilizes Vav3 mRNA. Interestingly, disruption of the HuR-Vav3 mRNA interaction improved the CF epithelial integrity, inhibited the formation of the fibronectin-made bacterial docking platforms, and prevented Pa adhesion to the CF airway epithelium. These findings indicate that targeting HuR represents a promising antiadhesive approach in CF that can prevent initial stages of Pa infection in a context of emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexandre Luscher
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Thilo Köhler
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christian van Delden
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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25
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Green LC, Slone S, Anthony SR, Guarnieri AR, Parkins S, Shearer SM, Nieman ML, Roy S, Aube J, Wu X, Xu L, Kanisicak O, Tranter M. HuR-dependent expression of Wisp1 is necessary for TGFβ-induced cardiac myofibroblast activity. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 174:38-46. [PMID: 36372279 PMCID: PMC9868076 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is regulated by the activation and phenotypic switching of quiescent cardiac fibroblasts to active myofibroblasts, which have extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and contractile functions which play a central role in cardiac remodeling in response to injury. Here, we show that expression and activity of the RNA binding protein HuR is increased in cardiac fibroblasts upon transformation to an active myofibroblast. Pharmacological inhibition of HuR significantly blunts the TGFβ-dependent increase in ECM remodeling genes, total collagen secretion, in vitro scratch closure, and collagen gel contraction in isolated primary cardiac fibroblasts, suggesting a suppression of TGFβ-induced myofibroblast activation upon HuR inhibition. We identified twenty-four mRNA transcripts that were enriched for HuR binding following TGFβ treatment via photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP). Eleven of these HuR-bound mRNAs also showed significant co-expression correlation with HuR, αSMA, and periostin in primary fibroblasts isolated from the ischemic-zone of infarcted mouse hearts. Of these, WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (Wisp1; Ccn4), was the most significantly associated with HuR expression in fibroblasts. Accordingly, we found Wisp1 expression to be increased in cardiac fibroblasts isolated from the ischemic-zone of mouse hearts following ischemia/reperfusion, and confirmed Wisp1 expression to be HuR-dependent in isolated fibroblasts. Finally, addition of exogenous recombinant Wisp1 partially rescued myofibroblast-induced collagen gel contraction following HuR inhibition, demonstrating that HuR-dependent Wisp1 expression plays a functional role in HuR-dependent MF activity downstream of TGFβ. In conclusion, HuR activity is necessary for the functional activation of primary cardiac fibroblasts in response to TGFβ, in part through post-transcriptional regulation of Wisp1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Green
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Samuel Slone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Sarah R Anthony
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Adrienne R Guarnieri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Sharon Parkins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Shannon M Shearer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Michelle L Nieman
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Sudeshna Roy
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Aube
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Onur Kanisicak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Michael Tranter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America.
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26
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Chuang HC, Tsai MH, Lin YT, Chou MH, Yang KL, Chien CY. Systemic and Local Effects Among Patients With Betel Quid-Related Oral Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221146870. [PMID: 36575633 PMCID: PMC9806389 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221146870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The major predisposing factors of developing oral cancer include smoking, alcohol drinking, and betel quid chewing. Betel quid chewing could cause the abrasion and damage of oral mucosa by crude fibers, chemical insults by additive slaked lime, and arecoline from areca nut. These would lead to the local consequence of oral submucosal fibrosis, which is regarded clinically as a precancer lesion and a major cause of trismus. In addition, the components and additives in betel quid contain chemical toxins and carcinogens, which would further affect the oral mucosa and gradually develop a malignancy. Following literature review, aside from having a greater total tumor burden and more local diseases in the oral cavity and digestive tract, patients with betel quid-related oral cancer also have more systemic diseases from metabolic syndrome, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes mellitus, and obesity than those without this habit. In conclusion, those patients who have the history of smoking, alcohol drinking, and betel quid chewing would present much more unique clinical characteristics than those who only have a history of smoking and alcohol drinking. More attention should therefore be paid to pretreatment evaluation, treatment strategy, and posttreatment follow-up among betel quid chewers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ching Chuang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan,Center for mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tsai Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huei Chou
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Center for General Education, Cheng-Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan,Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Taiwan ,Institute for Translation Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan,Chih-Yen Chien, Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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27
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Du Y, Zhang R, Zhang G, Wu H, Zhan S, Bu N. Downregulation of ELAVL1 attenuates ferroptosis-induced neuronal impairment in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion via reducing DNMT3B-dependent PINK1 methylation. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2763-2775. [PMID: 36173508 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01080-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of programmed cell death and has been found in ischemic stroke. Increasing evidence revealed that ELAVL1 is associated with ferroptosis, but it remains largely unclear whether ELAVL1 is involved in ischemic stroke. Here, we aimed to investigate the biological role and mechanism of ELAVL1 in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS ELAVL1 shRNA were intravenously injected into rat brain, and then ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) model was constructed in rats to detect infarct volume, neurobehavioral deficit, and several ferroptosis factors (GSH, GPX4, SLC7A11, MDA, ROS, iron ion) in vivo. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) treated pheochromocytoma-12 (PC12) cells were used as in vitro models of I/R. RIP, biotin pull-down and ChIP assays was used to explore the relationship among ELAVL1, DNMT3B, and PINK1. RESULTS ELAVL1 was highly expressed in rat brain tissue after I/R injury. Compared with those in the I/R group, the injection of RSL3 (30 mg/kg) or ferrostatin-1 (10 mg/kg) aggravated or alleviated infarct volume, neurobehavioral impairments, and increased or decreased ferroptosis factor levels, respectively. ELAVL1 silencing ameliorated brain damage in I/R-treated rats by inhibiting ferroptosis. Moreover, ELAVL1 silencing observably facilitated cell viability, GSH content, GPX4 and SLC7A11 expression, and reduced iron ion concentration, ROS and MDA levels in OGD/R-treated PC12 cells. ELAVL1 bound with DNMT3B mRNA 3'UTR and promoted DNMT3B expression. ELAVL1 inhibited PINK1 expression through stabilizing DNMT3B mRNA and blocking DNMT3B-mediated DNA methylation of PINK1 promoter. PINK1 knockdown reversed the effects of ELAVL1 inhibition on cell viability, GSH, GPX4, SLC7A11, iron ion concentration, ROS and MDA levels in OGD/R-treated PC12 cells. CONCLUSION ELAVL1 plays a critical role in protecting against ferroptosis-induced cerebral I/R and subsequent brain damage via DNMT3B/PINK1 axis, thus providing a new potential target for ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Du
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xi Wu Road, Xin Cheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xi Wu Road, Xin Cheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Guilian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xi Wu Road, Xin Cheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Haiqin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xi Wu Road, Xin Cheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shuqin Zhan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xi Wu Road, Xin Cheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ning Bu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157, Xi Wu Road, Xin Cheng District, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Mehta M, Raguraman R, Ramesh R, Munshi A. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and their role in DNA damage and radiation response in cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 191:114569. [PMID: 36252617 PMCID: PMC10411638 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally majority of eukaryotic gene expression is influenced by transcriptional and post-transcriptional events. Alterations in the expression of proteins that act post-transcriptionally can affect cellular signaling and homeostasis. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are a family of proteins that specifically bind to RNAs and are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and important cellular processes such as cell differentiation and metabolism. Deregulation of RNA-RBP interactions and any changes in RBP expression or function can lead to various diseases including cancer. In cancer cells, RBPs play an important role in regulating the expression of tumor suppressors and oncoproteins involved in various cell-signaling pathways. Several RBPs such as HuR, AUF1, RBM38, LIN28, RBM24, tristetrapolin family and Musashi play critical roles in various types of cancers and their aberrant expression in cancer cells makes them an attractive therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In this review we provide an overview of i). RBPs involved in cancer progression and their mechanism of action ii). the role of RBPs, including HuR, in breast cancer progression and DNA damage response and iii). explore RBPs with emphasis on HuR as therapeutic target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghna Mehta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA; Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA
| | - Rajeswari Raguraman
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA; Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA
| | - Rajagopal Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA; Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA
| | - Anupama Munshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA; Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73013, USA.
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Smith MR, Costa G. RNA-binding proteins and translation control in angiogenesis. FEBS J 2022; 289:7788-7809. [PMID: 34796614 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tissue vascularization through the process of angiogenesis ensures adequate oxygen and nutrient supply during development and regeneration. The complex morphogenetic events involved in new blood vessel formation are orchestrated by a tightly regulated crosstalk between extra and intracellular factors. In this context, RNA-binding protein (RBP) activity and protein translation play fundamental roles during the cellular responses triggered by particular environmental cues. A solid body of work has demonstrated that key RBPs (such as HuR, TIS11 proteins, hnRNPs, NF90, QKIs and YB1) are implicated in both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. These RBPs are critical for the metabolism of messenger (m)RNAs encoding angiogenic modulators and, importantly, strong evidence suggests that RBP-mRNA interactions can be altered in disease. Lesser known, but not less important, the mechanistic aspects of protein synthesis can also regulate the generation of new vessels. In this review, we outline the key findings demonstrating the implications of RBP-mediated RNA regulation and translation control in angiogenesis. Furthermore, we highlight how these mechanisms of post-transcriptional control of gene expression have led to promising therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting undesired blood vessel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine R Smith
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Guilherme Costa
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
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Jin H, Chen Y, Ren J, Huang J, Zhao Y, Liu H. TERC suppresses PD-L1 expression by downregulating RNA binding protein HuR. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:2505-2516. [PMID: 35661964 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
TERC is the RNA component of telomerase, and provides a template for TERT to synthesize telomere repeats at chromosome ends. Increasing evidence has revealed that TERC is involved in other biological processes beyond telomerase. Here, we found that the expression level of TERC is negatively correlated with PD-L1 and that ectopic expression of TERC but not TERT in ALT cells significantly inhibits PD-L1, suggesting that TERC suppresses PD-L1 expression in a telomerase-independent manner. Mechanistically, instead of regulating PD-L1 mRNA directly, TERC accelerates PD-L1 mRNA degradation by inhibiting the expression of HuR, which binds to the 3'UTR of PD-L1 mRNA and maintains its stability. We also found that the small molecule AS1842856, a FoxO1 inhibitor, promotes TERC expression and reverses the PD-L1 upregulation caused by chemotherapy, providing a potential combination cancer therapy that avoids cancer immune escape during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanlian Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jian Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Junjiu Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haiying Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Roles of RNA-binding proteins in immune diseases and cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:310-324. [PMID: 35351611 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Genetic information that is transcribed from DNA to mRNA, and then translated from mRNA to protein, is regulated by complex and sophisticated post-transcriptional mechanisms. Recently, it has become clear that mRNA degradation not only acts to remove unnecessary mRNA, but is also closely associated with the regulation of translation initiation, and is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Various RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have been reported to play central roles in the mechanisms of mRNA stability and translation initiation through various signal transduction pathways, and to modulate gene expression faster than the transcription process via post-transcriptional modifications in response to intracellular and extracellular stimuli, without de novo protein synthesis. On the other hand, inflammation is necessary for the elimination of pathogens associated with infection, and is tightly controlled to avoid the overexpression of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). It is increasingly becoming clear that RBPs play important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of these immune responses. Furthermore, it has been shown that the aberrant regulation of RBPs leads to chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Although it has been recognized since the time of Rudolf Virchow in the 19th century that cancer-associated inflammation contributes to tumor onset and progression, involvement of the disruption of the balance between anti-tumor immunity via the immune surveillance system and pro-tumor immunity by cancer-associated inflammation in the malignant transformation of cancer remains elusive. Recently, the dysregulated expression and activation of representative RBPs involved in regulation of the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to be involved in tumor progression. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in our understanding of the functional roles of these RBPs in several types of immune responses, and the involvement of RBP dysregulation in the pathogenesis of immune diseases and cancer, and discuss possible therapeutic strategies against cancer by targeting RBPs, coupled with immunotherapy.
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Nag S, Goswami B, Das Mandal S, Ray PS. Cooperation and competition by RNA-binding proteins in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:286-297. [PMID: 35248729 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression plays a major role in determining the cellular proteome in health and disease. Post-transcriptional control mechanisms are disrupted in many cancers, contributing to multiple processes of tumorigenesis. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), the main post-transcriptional regulators, often show altered expression and activity in cancer cells. Dysregulation of RBPs contributes to many cancer phenotypes, functioning in complex regulatory networks with other cellular players such as non-coding RNAs, signaling mediators and transcription factors to alter the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. RBPs often function combinatorially, based on their binding to target sequences/structures on shared mRNA targets, to regulate the expression of cancer-related genes. This gives rise to cooperativity and competition between RBPs in mRNA binding and resultant functional outcomes in post-transcriptional processes such as mRNA splicing, stability, export and translation. Cooperation and competition is also observed in the case of interaction of RBPs and microRNAs with mRNA targets. RNA structural change is a common mechanism mediating the cooperative/competitive interplay between RBPs and between RBPs and microRNAs. RNA modifications, leading to changes in RNA structure, add a new dimension to cooperative/competitive binding of RBPs to mRNAs, further expanding the RBP regulatory landscape. Therefore, cooperative/competitive interplay between RBPs is a major determinant of the RBP interactome and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanya Nag
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Binita Goswami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukhen Das Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Partho Sarothi Ray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India.
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Huang H, Dai Y, Duan Y, Yuan Z, Li Y, Zhang M, Zhu W, Yu H, Zhong W, Feng S. Effective prediction of potential ferroptosis critical genes in clinical colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1033044. [PMID: 36324584 PMCID: PMC9619366 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1033044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is common worldwide, with high morbidity and poor prognosis. Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell death driven by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides, which differs from other programmed cell death mechanisms. Programmed cell death is a cancer hallmark, and ferroptosis is known to participate in various cancers, including colon cancer. Novel ferroptosis markers and targeted colon cancer therapies are urgently needed. To this end, we performed a preliminary exploration of ferroptosis-related genes in colon cancer to enable new treatment strategies. METHODS Ferroptosis-related genes in colon cancer were obtained by data mining and screening for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using bioinformatics analysis tools. We normalized the data across four independent datasets and a ferroptosis-specific database. Identified genes were validated by immunohistochemical analysis of pathological and healthy clinical samples. RESULTS We identified DEGs in colon cancer that are involved in ferroptosis. Among these, five core genes were found: ELAVL1, GPX2, EPAS1, SLC7A5, and HMGB1. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that the expression of all five genes, except for EPAS1, was higher in tumor tissues than in healthy tissues. CONCLUSIONS The preliminary exploration of the five core genes revealed that they are differentially expressed in colon cancer, playing an essential role in ferroptosis. This study provides a foundation for subsequent research on ferroptosis in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuexiang Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongwen Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxuan Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maomao Zhang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenting Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfei Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Senling Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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The solution structure of Dead End bound to AU-rich RNA reveals an unusual mode of tandem RRM-RNA recognition required for mRNA regulation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5892. [PMID: 36202814 PMCID: PMC9537309 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33552-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Dead End (DND1) is an RNA-binding protein essential for germline development through its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. The molecular mechanisms behind selection and regulation of its targets are unknown. Here, we present the solution structure of DND1's tandem RNA Recognition Motifs (RRMs) bound to AU-rich RNA. The structure reveals how an NYAYUNN element is specifically recognized, reconciling seemingly contradictory sequence motifs discovered in recent genome-wide studies. RRM1 acts as a main binding platform, including atypical extensions to the canonical RRM fold. RRM2 acts cooperatively with RRM1, capping the RNA using an unusual binding pocket, leading to an unusual mode of tandem RRM-RNA recognition. We show that the consensus motif is sufficient to mediate upregulation of a reporter gene in human cells and that this process depends not only on RNA binding by the RRMs, but also on DND1's double-stranded RNA binding domain (dsRBD), which is dispensable for binding of a subset of targets in cellulo. Our results point to a model where DND1 target selection is mediated by a non-canonical mode of AU-rich RNA recognition by the tandem RRMs and a role for the dsRBD in the recruitment of effector complexes responsible for target regulation.
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Wang G, Zhang Q, Wang Q, Wang J, Chen L, Sun Q, Miao D. Long non-coding RNA DUXAP10 exerts oncogenic properties in osteosarcoma by recruiting HuR to enhance SOX18 mRNA stability. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1939-1951. [PMID: 36053455 PMCID: PMC9515053 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma (OS). However, more lncRNAs and their mechanisms in regulating growth and migration of OS cells remain to be investigated. In this study, we identified an lncRNA called DUXAP10 by analysis of GEO data, which was significantly up-regulated in OS tissues and cell lines. Experiments in vitro revealed that lncRNA DUXAP10 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells and inhibited their apoptosis. We also demonstrated that DUXAP10 promoted the formation and growth of OS by tumor formation assay. Furthermore, SOX18 was identified as a critical downstream target of DUXAP10 by transcriptome RNA-seq. Mechanistically, DUXAP10 mainly localized in cytoplasm and could specifically bind to HuR to increase the stability of SOX18 mRNA. Meanwhile, SOX18 knockdown largely reversed increased proliferation of OS cells induced by DUXAP10 overexpression. Findings from this study indicate that lncRNA DUXAP10 can act as an oncogene in osteosarcoma by binding HuR to up-regulate the expression of SOX18 at a post-transcriptional level, which may provide a new target for OS clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guantong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinjue Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Dengshun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Majumder M, Chakraborty P, Mohan S, Mehrotra S, Palanisamy V. HuR as a molecular target for cancer therapeutics and immune-related disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114442. [PMID: 35817212 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The control of eukaryotic gene expression occurs at multiple levels, from transcription to messenger RNA processing, transport, localization, turnover, and translation. RNA-binding proteins control gene expression and are involved in different stages of mRNA processing, including splicing, maturation, turnover, and translation. A ubiquitously expressed RBP Human antigen R is engaged in the RNA processes mentioned above but, most importantly, controls mRNA stability and turnover. Dysregulation of HuR is linked to many diseases, including cancer and other immune-related disorders. HuR targets mRNAs containing AU-rich elements at their 3'untranslated region, which encodes proteins involved in cell growth, proliferation, tumor formation, angiogenesis, immune evasion, inflammation, invasion, and metastasis. HuR overexpression has been reported in many tumor types, which led to a poor prognosis for patients. Hence, HuR is considered an appealing drug target for cancer treatment. Therefore, multiple attempts have been made to identify small molecule inhibitors for blocking HuR functions. This article reviews the current prospects of drugs that target HuR in numerous cancer types, their mode of action, and off-target effects. Furthermore, we will summarize drugs that interfered with HuR-RNA interactions and established themselves as novel therapeutics. We will also highlight the significance of HuR overexpression in multiple cancers and discuss its role in immune functions. This review provides evidence of a new era of HuR-targeted small molecules that can be used for cancer therapeutics either as a monotherapy or in combination with other cancer treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmoyee Majumder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Paramita Chakraborty
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Sarumathi Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Tang YJ, Wu W, Chen QQ, Liu SH, Zheng ZY, Cui ZL, Xu JP, Xue Y, Lin DH. miR-29b-3p suppresses the malignant biological behaviors of AML cells via inhibiting NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways by targeting HuR. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:909. [PMID: 35986311 PMCID: PMC9392259 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09996-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HuR/ELAVL1 (embryonic lethal abnormal vision 1) was a downstream target of miR-29b in some cancer cells. HuR protein exerts important prognostic effects of involving in the pathogenesis and development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study aims to investigate the role of miR-29b-3p in biological behaviors of AML cells by targeting HuR and the involvement of the NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Methods The expressions of HuR and miR-29b-3p in AML cells were determined using RT-qPCR and Western blot, and the association between them was analyzed using the Spearman method. Next, the target relationship between HuR and miR-29b-3p was predicted by biological information databases and verified by the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. MTS, methyl cellulose, flow cytometry and transwell assay were employed to detect the cell proliferation, clone formation, cell cycle and apoptosis, invasion and migration respectively, the effect of miR-29b-3p targeted HuR on the biological behaviors of AML cells was explored after over- /down-expression of miR-29b-3p and rescue experiment. Then, immunofluorescence assay and western blot were employed to detect location expression and phosphorylation levels of NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways related molecules respectively. Results HuR was negatively correlated with miR-29b-3p, and was the downstream target of miR-29b-3p in AML cells. When miR-29b-3p was overexpressed in AML cells, HuR was down-regulated, accompanied by cell viability decreased, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis increased, invasion and migration weakened. Moreover, the opposite result appeared after miR-29b-3p was down-regulated. The rescue experiment showed that miR-29b-3p inhibitor could reverse the biological effect of HuR down-regulation in AML cells. Molecular pathway results showed that miR-29b-3p could inhibit p65 expression in nucleus and phosphorylation levels of p65, IκBα, STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5. Conclusion miR-29b-3p can inhibit malignant biological behaviors of AML cells via the inactivation of the NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways by targeting HuR. miR-29b-3p and its target HuR can be used as a new potential molecular for AML treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09996-1.
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Cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived extracellular vesicles carrying lncRNA SNHG3 facilitate colorectal cancer cell proliferation via the miR-34b-5p/HuR/HOXC6 axis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:346. [PMID: 35922404 PMCID: PMC9349187 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01116-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can mediate tumorigenesis. Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) SNHG3 is implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. The current study sought to clarify the role of CAFs-EVs carrying SNHG3 in CRC cell proliferation. Firstly, CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were cultured and identified, followed by isolation and characterization of CAFs-EVs and NFs-EVs. CRC cells were cultured with CAFs-EVs or CAFs-EVs overexpressing SNHG3. The effects of SNHG3 on CRC cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK-8, colony formation, and EdU staining assays. The binding relationships among SNHG3, miR-34b-5p, and HuR were validated, in addition to analyzing the binding between HuR and HOXC6. Lastly, xenograft tumor model was established to verify the role of CAFs-EVs carrying SNHG3 in vivo. SNHG3 was highly expressed in CRC cells and CAFs-EVs, whereas CAFs-EVs facilitated CRC cell proliferation. Mechanically, CAFs-EVs carried SNHG3 into CRC cells to upregulate HuR expression by competitively binding to miR-34b-5p, promote the binding of HuR and HOXC6, and enhance HOXC6 transcription. miR-34b-5p over-expression or HOXC6 silencing annulled the effect of CAFs-EVs. SNHG3 carried by CAFs-EVs facilitated CRC proliferation via the miR-34b-5p/HuR/HOXC6 axis in vivo. Collectively, our findings indicated that CAFs-EVs carried SNHG3 into CRC cells to upregulate HuR expression by sponging miR-34b-5p and finally enhance HOXC6 transcription, thereby facilitating CRC cell proliferation.
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The RNA-Binding Protein ELAVL1 Regulates Hepatitis B Virus Replication and Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147878. [PMID: 35887229 PMCID: PMC9316910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous RNA immunoprecipitation followed by proteomic approaches successfully demonstrated that Embryonic Lethal, Abnormal Vision, Drosophila-Like 1 (ELAVL1) interacts with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-derived RNAs. Although ELAVL family proteins stabilize AU-rich element (ARE)-containing mRNAs, their role in HBV transcription remains unclear. This study conducted loss-of-function assays of ELAVL1 for inducible HBV-replicating HepAD38 cells and HBx-overexpressed HepG2 cells. In addition, clinicopathological analyses in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surgical samples were also conducted. Lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA knockdown of ELAVL1 resulted in a decrease in both viral RNA transcription and production of viral proteins, including HBs and HBx, probably due to RNA stabilization by ELAVL1. Cell growth of HepAD38 cells was more significantly impaired in ELAVL1-knockdown than those in the control group, with or without HBV replication, indicating that ELAVL1 is involved in proliferation by factors other than HBV-derived RNAs. Immunohistochemical analyses of 77 paired HCC surgical specimens demonstrated that diffuse ELAVL1 expression was detected more frequently in HCC tissues (61.0%) than in non-tumor tissues (27.3%). In addition, the abundant expression of ELAVL1 tended to affect postoperative recurrence in HBV-related HCC patients. In conclusion, ELAVL1 contributes not only to HBV replication but also to HCC cell growth. It may be a potent therapeutic target for HBV-related HCC treatment.
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Kim YS, Tang PW, Welles JE, Pan W, Javed Z, Elhaw AT, Mythreye K, Kimball SR, Hempel N. HuR-dependent SOD2 protein synthesis is an early adaptation to anchorage-independence. Redox Biol 2022; 53:102329. [PMID: 35594792 PMCID: PMC9121325 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During metastasis cancer cells must adapt to survive loss of anchorage and evade anoikis. An important pro-survival adaptation is the ability of metastatic tumor cells to increase their antioxidant capacity and restore cellular redox balance. Although much is known about the transcriptional regulation of antioxidant enzymes in response to stress, how cells acutely adapt to alter antioxidant enzyme levels is less well understood. Using ovarian cancer cells as a model, we demonstrate that an increase in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase SOD2 protein expression is a very early event initiated in response to detachment, an important step during metastasis that has been associated with increased oxidative stress. SOD2 protein synthesis is rapidly induced within 0.5-2 h of matrix detachment, and polyribosome profiling demonstrates an increase in the number of ribosomes bound to SOD2 mRNA, indicating an increase in SOD2 mRNA translation in response to anchorage-independence. Mechanistically, we find that anchorage-independence induces cytosolic accumulation of the RNA binding protein HuR/ELAVL1 and promotes HuR binding to SOD2 mRNA. Using HuR siRNA-mediated knockdown, we show that the presence of HuR is necessary for the increase in SOD2 mRNA association with the heavy polyribosome fraction and consequent nascent SOD2 protein synthesis in anchorage-independence. Cellular detachment also activates the stress-response mitogen-activated kinase p38, which is necessary for HuR-SOD2 mRNA interactions and induction of SOD2 protein output. These findings illustrate a novel translational regulatory mechanism of SOD2 by which ovarian cancer cells rapidly increase their mitochondrial antioxidant capacity as an acute stress response to anchorage-independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Soo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Priscilla W Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jaclyn E Welles
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Weihua Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zaineb Javed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amal Taher Elhaw
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Mythreye
- Department of Pathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Scot R Kimball
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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41
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Fan W, Ding J, Liu S, Zhong W. Development and validation of novel prognostic models based on RNA-binding proteins in breast cancer. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221106285. [PMID: 35770997 PMCID: PMC9252011 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221106285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We aimed to construct novel prognostic models based on RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in breast cancer (BRCA) and explore their roles in this disease and their effects on tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Methods Datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Functions and prognostic values of RBPs were systematically investigated using a series of bioinformatics analysis methods. TIICs were assessed using CIBERSORT. Results Overall, 138 differentially expressed RBPs were identified, of which 86 were upregulated and 52 were downregulated. Of these, 13 RBPs were identified as prognosis-related and adopted to construct an overall survival (OS) model, while 12 RBPs were used for the relapse-free survival (RFS) model. High-risk patients had poorer OS and RFS rates than low-risk patients. The results indicate that the OS and RFS models are good prognostic models with reliable predictive abilities. In addition, the proportions of CD8, CD4 naïve, and CD4 memory resting T cells, as well as resting dendritic cells, were significantly different between the low-risk and high-risk groups in the OS model. Conclusions OS and RFS signatures can be used as reliable BRCA prognostic biomarkers. This work will help understand the prognostic roles and functions of RBPs in BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- Department of Breast Cancer, Hubei Cancer Hospital; Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shushu Liu
- Department of Breast Cancer, Hubei Cancer Hospital; Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Breast Cancer, Hubei Cancer Hospital; Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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42
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Huang Y, Zheng Y, Yao L, Qiao F, Hou Y, Hu X, Li D, Shao Z. RNA binding protein POP7 regulates ILF3 mRNA stability and expression to promote breast cancer progression. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3801-3813. [PMID: 35579257 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA Binding Proteins(RBPs)play pivotal roles in breast cancer (BC) development. As a RBP, Processing of precursor 7 (POP7) is one of the subunits of RNase P and RNase MRP, however, its exact function and mechanism in BC remain unknown. Here, we showed that expression of POP7 was frequently increased in breast cancer cells and in primary breast tumors. Up-regulated POP7 significantly promoted BC cell proliferation in vitro and primary tumor growth in vivo. POP7 also increased cell migration, invasion in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo. Through RNA-immunoprecipitation coupled with sequencing (RIP-seq), we found that POP7 bound preferentially to intron regions and POP7-binding peak associated genes were mainly enriched in cancer-related pathways. Further, POP7 regulated Interleukin Enhancer Binding Factor 3 (ILF3) expression through influencing its mRNA stability. Knockdown of ILF3 significantly impaired the increased malignant potential of POP7 over-expressing cells, suggesting that POP7 enhances BC progression through regulating ILF3 expression. Collectively, our findings provide the first evidence for the important role of POP7 and its regulation of ILF3 in promoting breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizi Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Qiao
- Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifeng Hou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Daqiang Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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43
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Agarwal A, Alagar S, Kant S, Bahadur RP. Molecular insights into binding dynamics of tandem RNA recognition motifs (tRRMs) of human antigen R (HuR) with mRNA and the effect of point mutations in impaired HuR-mRNA recognition. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-17. [PMID: 35538713 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2073270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Human antigen R (HuR) is a key regulatory protein with prominent roles in RNA metabolism and post-transcriptional gene regulation. Many studies have shown the involvement of HuR in plethora of human diseases, which are often manifestations of impaired HuR-RNA interactions. However, the inherent complexities of highly flexible protein-RNA interactions have limited our understanding of the structural basis of HuR-RNA recognition. In this study, we dissect the underlying molecular mechanism of interaction between N-terminal tandem RNA-recognition motifs (tRRMs) of HuR and mRNA using molecular dynamics simulation. We have also explored the effect of point mutations (T90A, R97A and R136A) of three reported critical residues in HuR-mRNA binding specificity. Our findings show that N-terminal tRRMs exhibit conformational stability upon RNA binding. We further show that R136A and R97A mutants significantly lose their binding affinity owing to the loss of critical interactions with mRNA. This may be attributed to the larger domain rearrangements in the mutant complexes, especially the β2β3 loops in both the tRRMs, leading to unfavourable conformations and loss of binding affinity. We have identified critical binding residues in tRRMs of HuR, contributing favourable binding energy in mRNA recognition. This study contributes significantly to understand the molecular mechanism of RNA recognition by tandem RRMs and provides a platform to modulate binding affinities through mutations. This may further guide in future structure-based drug-therapies targeting impaired HuR-RNA interactions.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Agarwal
- School of Bio Science, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.,Computational Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Suresh Alagar
- Computational Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Shri Kant
- Computational Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Ranjit Prasad Bahadur
- Computational Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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44
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Yaseen MM, Abuharfeil NM, Darmani H. CMTM6 as a master regulator of PD-L1. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 71:2325-2340. [PMID: 35294592 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint proteins, such as programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), play critical roles in the pathology of chronic inflammatory pathological conditions, particularly cancer. In addition, the activation of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is involved in mediating resistance to certain anti-cancer chemo- and immuno-therapeutics. Unfortunately, targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway by the available anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs can benefit only a small proportion of cancer patients. Thus, studying the factors that regulate the expression of these immune checkpoint proteins is of central importance in this context. Recent investigations have identified CMTM6 and, to a lesser extent, CMTM4, as master regulators of PD-L1 expression in various cancer cells. Understanding the mechanisms by which such proteins upregulate the expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells, and determining the potential regulators of CMTM6 expression in different types of cancers will accelerate the development of new therapeutic targets and/or lead to the enhancement of the currently available PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mohammad Yaseen
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Nizar Mohammad Abuharfeil
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Homa Darmani
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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45
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Hu P, Ni C, Teng P. Effects of artesunate on the malignant biological behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer in human and its mechanism. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6590-6599. [PMID: 35361045 PMCID: PMC9278965 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2042141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess the effects of artesunate (ART) on the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of the non-small cell lung cancer cells A549 and H1299. The effects of ART and carboplatin (CBP) alone or in combination on the viability of A549 and H1299 cells were evaluated by MTT assay. The effects of 30 μg/ml ART on cell invasion, migration and apoptosis were evaluated by Transwell assay, scratch assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The protein expressions of human antigen R (HuR) and MMP-9 after treatment with 30 μg/ml ART for 48 h were detected by Western blotting. After 48 h of treatment, 9 μg/ml ART in combination with 7 μg/ml CBP exerted a mild synergistic effect on cell viability. The migration rates of cells treated with 30 μg/ml ART and number of invasive cells were significantly lower, and the apoptosis rates were higher than those of the DMSO-treated group. HuR and MMP-9 expressions in cells treated with 30 μg/ml ART for 48 h were significantly lower than those of the DMSO-treated group. ART suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells and induces their apoptosis, probably being associated with decreased expressions of HuR and MMP-9 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hu
- Department of Cardiac and Great Vessel Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chengyao Ni
- Department of Cardiac and Great Vessel Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Pen Teng
- Department of Cardiac and Great Vessel Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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46
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Assoni G, La Pietra V, Digilio R, Ciani C, Licata NV, Micaelli M, Facen E, Tomaszewska W, Cerofolini L, Pérez-Ràfols A, Varela Rey M, Fragai M, Woodhoo A, Marinelli L, Arosio D, Bonomo I, Provenzani A, Seneci P. HuR-targeted agents: An insight into medicinal chemistry, biophysical, computational studies and pharmacological effects on cancer models. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114088. [PMID: 34942276 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Human antigen R (HuR) protein is an RNA-binding protein, ubiquitously expressed in human tissues, that orchestrates target RNA maturation and processing both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. A survey of known modulators of the RNA-HuR interactions is followed by a description of its structure and molecular mechanism of action - RRM domains, interactions with RNA, dimerization, binding modes with naturally occurring and synthetic HuR inhibitors. Then, the review focuses on HuR as a validated molecular target in oncology and briefly describes its role in inflammation. Namely, we show ample evidence for the involvement of HuR in the hallmarks and enabling characteristics of cancer, reporting findings from in vitro and in vivo studies; and we provide abundant experimental proofs of a beneficial role for the inhibition of HuR-mRNA interactions through silencing (CRISPR, siRNA) or pharmacological inhibition (small molecule HuR inhibitors).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Assoni
- Chemistry Department, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Valeria La Pietra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosangela Digilio
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Caterina Ciani
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Nausicaa Valentina Licata
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Micaelli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Elisa Facen
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Weronika Tomaszewska
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Linda Cerofolini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metalloproteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Anna Pérez-Ràfols
- Giotto Biotech S.R.L., Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Marta Varela Rey
- Gene Regulatory Control in Disease Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marco Fragai
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence and Interuniversity Consortium for Magnetic Resonance of Metalloproteins (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Ashwin Woodhoo
- Gene Regulatory Control in Disease Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Functional Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Galician Agency of Innovation (GAIN), Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Arosio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "G. Natta" (SCITEC), National Research Council (CNR), Via C. Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Isabelle Bonomo
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Alessandro Provenzani
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy.
| | - Pierfausto Seneci
- Chemistry Department, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
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Guha A, Waris S, Nabors LB, Filippova N, Gorospe M, Kwan T, King PH. The versatile role of HuR in Glioblastoma and its potential as a therapeutic target for a multi-pronged attack. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114082. [PMID: 34923029 PMCID: PMC8916685 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant and aggressive brain tumor with a median survival of ∼15 months. Resistance to treatment arises from the extensive cellular and molecular heterogeneity in the three major components: glioma tumor cells, glioma stem cells, and tumor-associated microglia and macrophages. Within this triad, there is a complex network of intrinsic and secreted factors that promote classic hallmarks of cancer, including angiogenesis, resistance to cell death, proliferation, and immune evasion. A regulatory node connecting these diverse pathways is at the posttranscriptional level as mRNAs encoding many of the key drivers contain adenine- and uridine rich elements (ARE) in the 3' untranslated region. Human antigen R (HuR) binds to ARE-bearing mRNAs and is a major positive regulator at this level. This review focuses on basic concepts of ARE-mediated RNA regulation and how targeting HuR with small molecule inhibitors represents a plausible strategy for a multi-pronged therapeutic attack on GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Guha
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Saboora Waris
- Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, PIMS, G-8, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Louis B Nabors
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Natalia Filippova
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Thaddaeus Kwan
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Peter H King
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States; Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
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48
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Wu J, Wu Y, Guo Q, Wang S, Wu X. RNA-binding proteins in ovarian cancer: a novel avenue of their roles in diagnosis and treatment. J Transl Med 2022; 20:37. [PMID: 35062979 PMCID: PMC8783520 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC), an important cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide, is one of the most malignant cancers and is characterized by a poor prognosis. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), a class of endogenous proteins that can bind to mRNAs and modify (or even determine) the amount of protein they can generate, have attracted great attention in the context of various diseases, especially cancers. Compelling studies have suggested that RBPs are aberrantly expressed in different cancer tissues and cell types, including OC tissues and cells. More specifically, RBPs can regulate proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, tumorigenesis and chemosensitivity and serve as potential therapeutic targets in OC. Herein, we summarize what is currently known about the biogenesis, molecular functions and potential roles of human RBPs in OC and their prospects for application in the clinical treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangchun Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinhao Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Simin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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49
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Ren X, Zhang L, Ma X, Li J, Lu Z. Integrated bioinformatics and experiments reveal the roles and driving forces for HSF1 in colorectal cancer. Bioengineered 2022; 13:2536-2552. [PMID: 35006040 PMCID: PMC8974194 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2018235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) has watershed significance in different tumors. However, the roles and driving forces for HSF1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) are poorly understood. Our study integrally analyzed the roles and driving forces for HSF1 in CRC by bioinformatics and experiments. The expression and prognostic characteristics of HSF1 were analyzed via UALCAN, GEPIA2, TISIDB, Prognoscan and HPA databases. Then, we analyzed the correlation between HSF1 expression and immune features via TIMER2 database. Subsequently, we explored the driving forces for HSF1 abnormal expression in CRC by bioinformatics and experiments. Our results showed that HSF1 was overexpressed and correlated with poor prognosis in CRC. And the expression of HSF1 was significantly correlated with multiple immune cell infiltration and was negatively correlated with immunomodulators such as programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(PD-L1). Along with many driver genes in particular TP53, super-enhancer, miRNA and DNA methylation were all responsible for HSF1 overexpression in CRC. Moreover, we demonstrated that β-catenin could promote the translation process of HSF1 mRNA by interacting with HuR, which could directly bind to the coding sequence (CDS) region of HSF1 mRNA. Collectively, HSF1 may be useful as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for CRC. HSF1 was closely correlated with immune features. Genetic and epigenetic alterations contributed to HSF1 overexpression in CRC. More importantly, we demonstrated that HSF1 may be regulated at the level of mRNA translation by β-catenin-induced HuR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Ren
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Jinming Yu Academician Workstation of Oncology, Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao Binhai University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolin Ma
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jiaqiu Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Jinming Yu Academician Workstation of Oncology, Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhong Lu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Jinming Yu Academician Workstation of Oncology, Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Hafez AM, Seleem MM, Alattar AZ, Elshorbagy S, Elsayed WS. RNA-binding proteins RBM-HuR, RBM3 and PODXL expression in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Prognostic and clinical implications. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2022; 25:279-290. [PMID: 35079236 PMCID: PMC8768053 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2021.112371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The clinical significance and predictive and prognostic value of HuR, RBM3, and PODXL expression in patients with urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) are not clear yet. The aim of this study was to assess HuR, RBM3 and PODXL expression in muscle invasive and non-muscle invasive UBC tissues, and to investigate the clinicopathological correlations and their predictive and prognostic impact in patients with such type of cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS RBM-HuR, RBM3 and PODXL expression levels were evaluated in 70 patients with urothelial carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. The relationships between their expression, clinicopathological findings and prognostic data were analyzed. RESULTS High RBM-HuR expression was related to muscle invasion (p = 0.008), metastasis to lymph nodes (p = 0.007), and presence of blood spread (p = 0.049). High RBM3 expression was associated with lower grade (p = 0.044), absence of distant metastasis (p = 0.025), and absence of lymph node metastasis (p = 0.018). High PODXL expression was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage (p < 0.001), larger tumor size (p = 0.050), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.006), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.008), higher grade (p = 0.043) and distant metastasis (p = 0.002).Three-year overall survival rate was negatively associated with high expression of both RBM-HuR and PODXL while it was directly correlated with high expression of RBM3 (p = 0.008, 0.009 and 0.015 respectively). High RBM-HuR and PODXL expression and low expression of RBM3 were related to tumor recurrence (p = 0.022, 0.011 and 0.015). CONCLUSIONS RBM-HuR and PODXL expressions are markers of poor prognosis while RBM3 is a good prognostic marker for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M. Hafez
- Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Z. Alattar
- Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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