1
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Özay B, Tükel EY, Ayna Duran G, Kiraz Y. Identification of potential inhibitors for drug resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia through differentially expressed gene analysis and in silico screening. Anal Biochem 2024; 694:115619. [PMID: 39025197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a disease of lymphocyte origin predominantly diagnosed in children. While its 5-year survival rate is high, resistance to chemotherapy drugs is still an obstacle. Our aim is to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to Asparaginase, Daunorubicin, Prednisolone, and Vincristine resistance and identify potential inhibitors via docking. Three datasets were accessed from the Gene Expression Omnibus database; GSE635, GSE19143, and GSE22529. The microarray data was analyzed using R4.2.0 and Bioconductor packages, and pathway and protein-protein interaction analysis were performed. We identified 1294 upregulated DEGs, with 12 genes consistently upregulated in all four resistant groups. KEGG analysis revealed an association with the PI3K-Akt pathway. Among DEGs, 33 hub genes including MDM2 and USP7 were pinpointed. Within common genes, CLDN9 and HS3ST3A1 were subjected to molecular docking against 3556 molecules. Following ADMET analysis, three drugs emerged as potential inhibitors: Flunarizine, Talniflumate, and Eltrombopag. Molecular dynamics analysis for HS3ST3A1 indicated all candidates had the potential to overcome drug resistance, Eltrombopag displaying particularly promising results. This study promotes a further understanding of drug resistance in ALL, introducing novel genes for consideration in diagnostic screening. It also presents potential inhibitor candidates to tackle drug resistance through repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Özay
- İzmir University of Economics, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, 35330, Balçova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Yağmur Tükel
- İzmir University of Economics, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, 35330, Balçova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gizem Ayna Duran
- İzmir University of Economics, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 35330, Balçova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yağmur Kiraz
- İzmir University of Economics, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, 35330, Balçova, Izmir, Turkey.
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2
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Liu J, Zhao W, Luan Y, Tian Z. FAM189A2 plays a tumour suppressor role in lung adenocarcinoma by influencing cell apoptosis, CXCR4 expression and tight junction proteins. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102441. [PMID: 38878656 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins play key roles in the development of lung cancer. The family with sequence similarity 189 member A2 (FAM189A2) gene encodes a transmembrane structural protein, yet its involvement in lung adenocarcinoma remains largely unexplored. This study elucidated its role in lung adenocarcinoma and its possible molecular mechanism. Our findings revealed diminished expression levels of FAM189A2 in LUAD tissues. Additionally, the activity of LUAD cells was significantly inhibited by overexpression of FAM189A2. Following FAM189A2 overexpression, the expression of OCLN and TJP2 was upregulated in LUAD cells, while CXCR4 expression experiences a notable decrease. Moreover, the coimmunoprecipitation experiment confirmed the direct interaction between FAM189A2 and CXCR4. The infiltration levels of T cells (CD4+ memory resting, CD8+, regulatory), NK cells, B memory cells, endothelial cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts were significantly correlated with FAM189A2 expression. These results indicate FAM189A2 may act as a tumour suppressor in LUAD through tight junction protein (TJP) and CXCR4 regulation. Moreover, FAM189A2 is significantly correlated with the immune microenvironment of LUAD, which may be involved in prognosis and immunotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yanchao Luan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Ziqiang Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
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3
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Apostolova D, Apostolov G, Moten D, Batsalova T, Dzhambazov B. Claudin-12: guardian of the tissue barrier or friend of tumor cells. Tissue Barriers 2024:2387408. [PMID: 39087432 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2024.2387408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are an important component of cellular connectivity. Claudin family proteins, as a constituent of TJs, determine their barrier properties, cell polarity and paracellular permeability. Claudin-12 is an atypical member of the claudin family, as it belongs to the group of non-classical claudins that lack a PDZ-binding domain. It has been shown that claudin-12 is involved in paracellular Ca2+ transients and it is present in normal and hyperplastic tissues in addition to neoplastic tissues. Dysregulation of claudin-12 expression has been reported in various cancers, suggesting that this protein may play an important role in cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Some studies have shown that claudin-12 gene functions as a tumor suppressor, but others have reported that overexpression of claudin-12 significantly increases the metastatic properties of various tumor cells. Investigating this dual role of claudin-12 is of utmost importance and should therefore be studied in detail. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the information available to date on claudin-12, including its structure, expression in various tissues and substances that may affect it, with a final focus on its role in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desislava Apostolova
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Apostolov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Dzhemal Moten
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetelina Batsalova
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Balik Dzhambazov
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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4
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Su Y, Mei L, Jiang T, Wang Z, Ji Y. Novel role of lncRNAs regulatory network in papillary thyroid cancer. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101674. [PMID: 38440062 PMCID: PMC10909982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. The incidence of PTC has increased annually worldwide. Thus, PTC diagnosis and treatment attract more attention. Noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in PTC progression and act as prognostic biomarkers. Moreover, microRNAs (miRNAs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated proteins have potential biomarkers for diagnosing and treating PTC. However, the correlation of lncRNAs with miRNAs and EMT-associated proteins needs further clarification. The present review highlights the recent advances of lncRNAs in PTC. We significantly summarized the two molecular regulatory mechanisms in PTC progress, including lncRNAs-miRNAs-protein signaling axes and lncRNAs-EMT pathways. This review will help our understanding of the association between lncRNAs and PTC and may assist us in evaluating the prognosis for PTC patients. Taken together, targeting the lncRNAs regulatory network has promising applications in diagnosing and treating PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Su
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Scientific Research Center and Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated, Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Tiantian Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ji
- Scientific Research Center and Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated, Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
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5
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Hana C, Thaw Dar NN, Galo Venegas M, Vulfovich M. Claudins in Cancer: A Current and Future Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4634. [PMID: 38731853 PMCID: PMC11083183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Claudins are a family of 27 proteins that have an important role in the formation of tight junctions. They also have an important function in ion exchange, cell mobility, and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, the latter being very important in cancer invasion and metastasis. Therapeutic targeting of claudins has been investigated to improve cancer outcomes. Recent evidence shows improved outcomes when combining monoclonal antibodies against claudin 18.2 with chemotherapy for patients with gastroesophageal junction cancer. Currently, chimeric antigen receptor T-cells targeting claudin 18 are under investigation. In this review, we will discuss the major functions of claudins, their distribution in the normal as well as cancerous tissues, and their effect in cancer metastasis, with a special focus on the therapeutic targeting of claudins to improve cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Hana
- Hematology/Oncology Department, Memorial Healthcare System, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA; (N.N.T.D.); (M.G.V.)
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6
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Romanowicz A, Lukaszewicz-Zajac M, Mroczko B. Exploring Potential Biomarkers in Oesophageal Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4253. [PMID: 38673838 PMCID: PMC11050399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal cancer (OC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. OC is highly aggressive, primarily due to its late stage of diagnosis and poor prognosis for patients' survival. Therefore, the establishment of new biomarkers that will be measured with non-invasive techniques at low cost is a critical issue in improving the diagnosis of OC. In this review, we summarize several original studies concerning the potential significance of selected chemokines and their receptors, including inflammatory proteins such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs), claudins (CLDNs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs), adamalysines (ADAMs), as well as DNA- and RNA-based biomarkers, in OC. The presented results indicate the significant correlation between the CXCL12, CXCR4, CXCL8/CXCR2, M-CSF, MMP-2, MMP-9 ADAM17, ADAMTS-6, and CLDN7 levels and tumor stage, as well as the clinicopathological parameters of OC, such as the presence of lymph node and/or distant metastases. CXCL12, CXCL8/CXCR2, IL-6, TIMP-2, ADAM9, and ADAMTS-6 were prognostic factors for the overall survival of OC patients. Furthermore, IL-6, CXCR4, CXCL8, and MMP-9 indicate higher diagnostic utility based on the area under the ROC curve (AUC) than well-established OC tumor markers, whereas CLDN18.2 can be used in novel targeted therapies for OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Romanowicz
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Marta Lukaszewicz-Zajac
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.R.); (B.M.)
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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7
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Ebrahim T, Ebrahim AS, Kandouz M. Diversity of Intercellular Communication Modes: A Cancer Biology Perspective. Cells 2024; 13:495. [PMID: 38534339 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
From the moment a cell is on the path to malignant transformation, its interaction with other cells from the microenvironment becomes altered. The flow of molecular information is at the heart of the cellular and systemic fate in tumors, and various processes participate in conveying key molecular information from or to certain cancer cells. For instance, the loss of tight junction molecules is part of the signal sent to cancer cells so that they are no longer bound to the primary tumors and are thus free to travel and metastasize. Upon the targeting of a single cell by a therapeutic drug, gap junctions are able to communicate death information to by-standing cells. The discovery of the importance of novel modes of cell-cell communication such as different types of extracellular vesicles or tunneling nanotubes is changing the way scientists look at these processes. However, are they all actively involved in different contexts at the same time or are they recruited to fulfill specific tasks? What does the multiplicity of modes mean for the overall progression of the disease? Here, we extend an open invitation to think about the overall significance of these questions, rather than engage in an elusive attempt at a systematic repertory of the mechanisms at play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanzeela Ebrahim
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Abdul Shukkur Ebrahim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Mustapha Kandouz
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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8
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Vonniessen B, Tabariès S, Siegel PM. Antibody-mediated targeting of Claudins in cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1320766. [PMID: 38371623 PMCID: PMC10869466 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1320766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are large intercellular adhesion complexes that maintain cell polarity in normal epithelia and endothelia. Claudins are critical components of TJs, forming homo- and heteromeric interaction between adjacent cells, which have emerged as key functional modulators of carcinogenesis and metastasis. Numerous epithelial-derived cancers display altered claudin expression patterns, and these aberrantly expressed claudins have been shown to regulate cancer cell proliferation/growth, metabolism, metastasis and cell stemness. Certain claudins can now be used as biomarkers to predict patient prognosis in a variety of solid cancers. Our understanding of the distinct roles played by claudins during the cancer progression has progressed significantly over the last decade and claudins are now being investigated as possible diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. In this review, we will summarize recent progress in the use of antibody-based or related strategies for targeting claudins in cancer treatment. We first describe pre-clinical studies that have facilitated the development of neutralizing antibodies and antibody-drug-conjugates targeting Claudins (Claudins-1, -3, -4, -6 and 18.2). Next, we summarize clinical trials assessing the efficacy of antibodies targeting Claudin-6 or Claudin-18.2. Finally, emerging strategies for targeting Claudins, including Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy and Bi-specific T cell engagers (BiTEs), are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Vonniessen
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Tabariès
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter M. Siegel
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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9
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Wang W, Zhou Y, Li W, Quan C, Li Y. Claudins and hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116109. [PMID: 38185042 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high incidence and dismal prognosis, making it a significant global health burden. To change this, the development of new therapeutic strategies is imminent. The claudin (CLDN) family, as key components of tight junctions (TJs), plays an important role in the initiation and development of cancer. Dysregulated expression of CLDNs leads to loss of intercellular adhesion and aberrant cell signaling, which are closely related to cancer cell invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CLDN1, CLDN3, CLDN4, CLDN5, CLDN6, CLDN7, CLDN9, CLDN10, CLDN11, CLDN14, and CLDN17 are aberrantly expressed in HCC, which drives the progression of the disease. Consequently, they have tremendous potential as prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets. This article summarizes the aberrant expression, molecular mechanisms, and clinical application studies of different subtypes of CLDNs in HCC, with a particular emphasis on CLDN1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China; The Second Norman Bethune College of Clinical Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China; The First Norman Bethune College of Clinical Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Wei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Chengshi Quan
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yanru Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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Łukaszewicz-Zając M, Mroczko B. Claudins-Promising Biomarkers for Selected Gastrointestinal (GI) Malignancies? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:152. [PMID: 38201579 PMCID: PMC10778544 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite recent() improvements in diagnostic ability() and treatment() strategies for patients() with neoplastic disease(), gastrointestinal (GI) cancers(), such() as colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, and oesophageal cancers(), are still common() malignancies and the leading() cause() of cancer() deaths worldwide(), with a high frequency of recurrence and metastasis as well as poor patient() prognosis. There is a link() between the secretion of proteolytic enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix and the pathogenesis of GI tumours. Recent() findings have focused() on the potential() significance() of selected claudins (CLDNs) in the pathogenesis and prognosis of GI cancers(). Tight junctions (TJs) have been proven to play an important role() in maintaining cell() polarity and permeability. A number of authors have recently() revealed that TJ proteins, particularly() selected CLDNs, are related() to inflammation and the development() of various tumours, including GI malignancies. This review() presents general() characteristics and the involvement() of selected CLDNs in the progression() of GI malignancies, with a focus() on the potential() application() of these proteins in the diagnosis() and prognosis of colorectal cancer() (CRC), gastric cancer() (GC), pancreatic cancer() (PC), and oesophageal cancer() (EC). Our review() indicates that selected CLDNs, particularly() CLDN1, 2, 4, 7, and 18, play a significant() role() in the development() of GI tumours and in patient() prognosis. Furthermore, selected CLDNs may be of value() in the design() of therapeutic() strategies for the treatment() of recurrent tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Łukaszewicz-Zając
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University, Waszyngtona 15 a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University, Waszyngtona 15 a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Navarro-Yepes J, Kettner NM, Rao X, Bishop CS, Bui TN, Wingate HF, Raghavendra AS, Wang Y, Wang J, Sahin AA, Meric-Bernstam F, Hunt KK, Damodaran S, Tripathy D, Keyomarsi K. Abemaciclib Is Effective in Palbociclib-Resistant Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancers. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3264-3283. [PMID: 37384539 PMCID: PMC10592446 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) plus endocrine therapy (ET) is standard of care for patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, resistance to CDK4/6is plus ET remains a clinical problem with limited therapeutic options following disease progression. Different CDK4/6is might have distinct mechanisms of resistance, and therefore using them sequentially or targeting their differentially altered pathways could delay disease progression. To understand pathways leading to resistance to the CDK4/6is palbociclib and abemaciclib, we generated multiple in vitro models of palbociclib-resistant (PR) and abemaciclib-resistant (AR) cell lines as well as in vivo patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and ex vivo PDX-derived organoids (PDxO) from patients who progressed on CDK4/6i. PR and AR breast cancer cells exhibited distinct transcriptomic and proteomic profiles that sensitized them to different classes of inhibitors; PR cells upregulated G2-M pathways and responded to abemaciclib, while AR cells upregulated mediators of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway (OXPHOS) and responded to OXPHOS inhibitors. PDX and organoid models derived from patients with PR breast cancer remained responsive to abemaciclib. Resistance to palbociclib while maintaining sensitivity to abemaciclib was associated with pathway-specific transcriptional activity but was not associated with any individual genetic alterations. Finally, data from a cohort of 52 patients indicated that patients with HR-positive/HER2-negative MBC who progressed on palbociclib-containing regimens can exhibit a meaningful overall clinical benefit from abemaciclib-based therapy when administered after palbociclib. These findings provide the rationale for clinical trials evaluating the benefit of abemaciclib treatment following progression on a prior CDK4/6i. SIGNIFICANCE Palbociclib-resistant breast cancers respond to abemaciclib and express pathway-specific signatures of sensitivity, providing a biomarker-driven therapeutic option for patients with metastatic breast cancer following disease progression on cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Navarro-Yepes
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nicole M. Kettner
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiayu Rao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cassandra Santaella Bishop
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tuyen N. Bui
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hannah F. Wingate
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Yan Wang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Aysegul A. Sahin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kelly K. Hunt
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Senthil Damodaran
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Debasish Tripathy
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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12
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Alghamdi RA, Al-Zahrani MH. Identification of key claudin genes associated with survival prognosis and diagnosis in colon cancer through integrated bioinformatic analysis. Front Genet 2023; 14:1221815. [PMID: 37799140 PMCID: PMC10550083 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1221815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The claudin multigene family is associated with various aberrant physiological and cellular signaling pathways. However, the association of claudins with survival prognosis, signaling pathways, and diagnostic efficacy in colon cancer remains poorly understood. Methods: Through the effective utilization of various bioinformatics methods, including differential gene expression analysis, gene set enrichment analysis protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, survival analysis, single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), mutational variance analysis, and identifying receiver operating characteristic curve of claudins in The Cancer Genome Atlas colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). Results: We found that: CLDN2, CLDN1, CLDN14, CLDN16, CLDN18, CLDN9, CLDN12, and CLDN6 are elevated in COAD. In contrast, the CLDN8, CLDN23, CLDN5, CLDN11, CLDN7, and CLDN15 are downregulated in COAD. By analyzing the public datasets GSE15781 and GSE50760 from NCBI-GEO (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/), we have confirmed that CLDN1, CLDN2, and CLDN14 are significantly upregulated and CLDN8 and CLDN23 are significantly downregulated in normal colon, colon adenocarcinoma tumor, and liver metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma tissues from human samples. Various claudins are mutated and found to be associated with diagnostic efficacy in COAD. Conclusion: The claudin gene family is associated with prognosis, immune regulation, signaling pathway regulations, and diagnosis of COAD. These findings may provide new molecular insight into claudins in the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana A. Alghamdi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam H. Al-Zahrani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Jin P, Zhou Y, Liu Z, Chen X, Qi H. Downregulation of CLDN1 impairs trophoblast invasion and endovascular trophoblast differentiation in early-onset preeclampsia. Placenta 2023; 140:20-29. [PMID: 37523840 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the role of claudin-1 (CLDN1) in trophoblast invasion and endovascular trophoblast (enEVT) differentiation in early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE). METHODS The expression and localization of CLDN1 in normal (n = 18) and EOPE (n = 20) placental tissues were detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) and Western blotting. Next, invasion, migration and tube formation assays were performed to explore the involvement of CLDN1 in trophoblast invasion and enEVT differentiation in trophoblast cell lines (HTR8/SVneo). Then, invasion and enEVT markers were analyzed via Western blotting and qRT‒PCR, respectively. Finally, we established an EOPE mouse model to detect the Cldn1 protein level. RESULTS CLDN1 expression was significantly decreased in EOPE placental tissues. Knockdown of CLDN1 suppressed HTR8/SVneo cell invasion, migration and the ability to penetrate the endothelial tube. Conversely, overexpression of CLDN1 promoted trophoblast invasion and the ability to invade the endothelial tube. Inhibition of CLDN1 decreased the protein expression of VIM and SNAIL along with downregulating IL1B and PECAM1 mRNA levels, while overexpression of CLDN1 gave the opposite results. In the EOPE mouse model, we found a decrease in Cldn1 expression in EOPE mouse placentas. DISCUSSION These results suggest that the downregulation of CLDN1 in trophoblast cells is involved in the pathogenesis of early-onset preeclampsia by affecting trophoblast invasion and enEVT differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingsong Jin
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yijie Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xuehai Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (CQMU-WCH), Chongqing, 401147, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China.
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14
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Zhu J, Jiang Q. Twist1‑mediated transcriptional activation of Claudin‑4 promotes cervical cancer cell migration and invasion. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:335. [PMID: 37427351 PMCID: PMC10326656 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin-4, a member of the claudin multigene family, participates in events associated with mesenchymal-like activity of cancerous cells. Claudin-4 expression is upregulated in cervical cancer tissue compared with that in adjoining non-neoplastic tissue. However, the mechanisms that regulate Claudin-4 expression in cervical cancer are poorly understood. Moreover, whether Claudin-4 contributes to the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells remains unclear. By western blotting, reverse transcription-qPCR, bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, wound healing assay and Transwell migration/invasion assay, the present study confirmed that Claudin-4 was a downstream target of Twist1, a helix-loop-helix transcriptional factor, the activity of which has a positive correlation with Claudin-4 expression. Mechanistically, Twist1 directly binds to Claudin-4 promoter, resulting in the transactivation of expression. The depletion of the Twist1-binding E-Box1 domain on Claudin-4 promoter via CRISPR-Cas9 knockout system downregulates Claudin-4 expression and suppresses the ability of cervical cancer cells to migrate and invade by elevating E-cadherin levels and lowering N-cadherin levels. Following activation by transforming growth factor-β, Twist1 induces Claudin-4 expression, thus enhancing migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. In summary, the present data suggested that Claudin-4 was a direct downstream target of Twist1 and served a critical role in promoting Twist1-mediated cervical cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Beilun People's Hospital, Beilun Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315826, P.R. China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Beilun People's Hospital, Beilun Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315826, P.R. China
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15
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Nguyen HL, Geukens T, Maetens M, Aparicio S, Bassez A, Borg A, Brock J, Broeks A, Caldas C, Cardoso F, De Schepper M, Delorenzi M, Drukker CA, Glas AM, Green AR, Isnaldi E, Eyfjörð J, Khout H, Knappskog S, Krishnamurthy S, Lakhani SR, Langerod A, Martens JWM, McCart Reed AE, Murphy L, Naulaerts S, Nik-Zainal S, Nevelsteen I, Neven P, Piccart M, Poncet C, Punie K, Purdie C, Rakha EA, Richardson A, Rutgers E, Vincent-Salomon A, Simpson PT, Schmidt MK, Sotiriou C, Span PN, Tan KTB, Thompson A, Tommasi S, Van Baelen K, Van de Vijver M, Van Laere S, Van't Veer L, Viale G, Viari A, Vos H, Witteveen AT, Wildiers H, Floris G, Garg AD, Smeets A, Lambrechts D, Biganzoli E, Richard F, Desmedt C. Obesity-associated changes in molecular biology of primary breast cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4418. [PMID: 37479706 PMCID: PMC10361985 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39996-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer (BC) and worse prognosis in BC patients, yet its impact on BC biology remains understudied in humans. This study investigates how the biology of untreated primary BC differs according to patients' body mass index (BMI) using data from >2,000 patients. We identify several genomic alterations that are differentially prevalent in overweight or obese patients compared to lean patients. We report evidence supporting an ageing accelerating effect of obesity at the genetic level. We show that BMI-associated differences in bulk transcriptomic profile are subtle, while single cell profiling allows detection of more pronounced changes in different cell compartments. These analyses further reveal an elevated and unresolved inflammation of the BC tumor microenvironment associated with obesity, with distinct characteristics contingent on the estrogen receptor status. Collectively, our analyses imply that obesity is associated with an inflammaging-like phenotype. We conclude that patient adiposity may play a significant role in the heterogeneity of BC and should be considered for BC treatment tailoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Linh Nguyen
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tatjana Geukens
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marion Maetens
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Samuel Aparicio
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ayse Bassez
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ake Borg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Lund University Cancer Center Lund, Lund, Sweden
- CREATE Health Strategic Centre for Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, SCIBLU Genomics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jane Brock
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Departments of Core Facility, Molecular Pathology and Biobanking, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fatima Cardoso
- Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center/Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maxim De Schepper
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mauro Delorenzi
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Caroline A Drukker
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Andrew R Green
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Edoardo Isnaldi
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jórunn Eyfjörð
- BioMedical Center, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Hazem Khout
- Department of Breast Surgery, Glenfield Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Stian Knappskog
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Savitri Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Anita Langerod
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen, Oslo, Norway
| | - John W M Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amy E McCart Reed
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Leigh Murphy
- University of Manitoba and Cancer Care Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Stefan Naulaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Serena Nik-Zainal
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Cancer Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ines Nevelsteen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Neven
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martine Piccart
- Institut Jules Bordet and Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Coralie Poncet
- European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kevin Punie
- Department of General Medical Oncology and Multidisciplinary Breast Unit, Leuven Cancer Institute and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Colin Purdie
- Department of Pathology, University of Dundee, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Emiel Rutgers
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine Division, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Peter T Simpson
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christos Sotiriou
- Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paul N Span
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kiat Tee Benita Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Breast Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Breast Surgery, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alastair Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumouri "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Karen Van Baelen
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Van de Vijver
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Steven Van Laere
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Laura Van't Veer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alain Viari
- Synergie Lyon Cancer, Plateforme de Bio-informatique 'Gilles Thomas', Lyon, France
| | - Hanne Vos
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Hans Wildiers
- Department of General Medical Oncology and Multidisciplinary Breast Unit, Leuven Cancer Institute and University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giuseppe Floris
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Smeets
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elia Biganzoli
- Unit of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC) "L. Sacco" & DSRC, LITA Vialba campus, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - François Richard
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Desmedt
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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16
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Waldow A, Beier LS, Arndt J, Schallenberg S, Vollbrecht C, Bischoff P, Farrera-Sal M, Loch FN, Bojarski C, Schumann M, Winkler L, Kamphues C, Ehlen L, Piontek J. cCPE Fusion Proteins as Molecular Probes to Detect Claudins and Tight Junction Dysregulation in Gastrointestinal Cell Lines, Tissue Explants and Patient-Derived Organoids. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1980. [PMID: 37514167 PMCID: PMC10385049 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudins regulate paracellular permeability, contribute to epithelial polarization and are dysregulated during inflammation and carcinogenesis. Variants of the claudin-binding domain of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cCPE) are highly sensitive protein ligands for generic detection of a broad spectrum of claudins. Here, we investigated the preferential binding of YFP- or GST-cCPE fusion proteins to non-junctional claudin molecules. Plate reader assays, flow cytometry and microscopy were used to assess the binding of YFP- or GST-cCPE to non-junctional claudins in multiple in vitro and ex vivo models of human and rat gastrointestinal epithelia and to monitor formation of a tight junction barrier. Furthermore, YFP-cCPE was used to probe expression, polar localization and dysregulation of claudins in patient-derived organoids generated from gastric dysplasia and gastric cancer. Live-cell imaging and immunocytochemistry revealed cell polarity and presence of tight junctions in glandular organoids (originating from intestinal-type gastric cancer and gastric dysplasia) and, in contrast, a disrupted diffusion barrier for granular organoids (originating from discohesive tumor areas). In sum, we report the use of cCPE fusion proteins as molecular probes to specifically and efficiently detect claudin expression, localization and tight junction dysregulation in cell lines, tissue explants and patient-derived organoids of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayk Waldow
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura-Sophie Beier
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Janine Arndt
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Schallenberg
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pathology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Vollbrecht
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pathology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Bischoff
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pathology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martí Farrera-Sal
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian N Loch
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Bojarski
- Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Schumann
- Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Winkler
- Experimental Pharmacology & Oncology Berlin-Buch GmbH, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Kamphues
- Park-Klinik Weißensee, Department of General-Visceral and Minimally-Invasive Surgery, 13086 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Ehlen
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Piontek
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
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17
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Xu X, Li Y, Zhang R, Chen X, Shen J, Yuan M, Chen Y, Chen M, Liu S, Wu J, Sun Q. Jianpi Yangzheng decoction suppresses gastric cancer progression via modulating the miR-448/CLDN18.2 mediated YAP/TAZ signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 311:116450. [PMID: 37023839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Developing complementary and effective drugs with less toxicity is urgent for gastric cancer (GC) therapy. Jianpi Yangzheng Decoction (JPYZ) is a curative medical plants formula against GC in clinic while its molecular mechanism remains to be further elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anticancer efficacy of JPYZ against GC and its potential mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of JPYZ on regulating the candidate targets were screened and examined by RNA-Seq, qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter assay, and immunoblotting. Rescue experiment was conducted to authenticate the regulation of JPYZ on the target gene. Molecular interaction, intracellular localization and function of target genes were elucidated via Co-IP and cytoplasmic-nuclear fractionation. The impact of JPYZ on the abundance of target gene in clinical specimens of GC patients was evaluated by IHC. RESULTS JPYZ treatment suppressed the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells. RNA seq revealed JPYZ significantly downregulated miR-448. A reporter plasmid containing CLDN18 3'-UTR WT exhibited significant decrease in luciferase activity when co-transfected with miR-448 mimic in GC cells. CLDN18.2 deficiency promoted the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells in vitro, as well as intensified the growth of GC xenograft in mice. JPYZ reduced the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells with CLDN18.2 abrogation. Mechanically, suppressed activities of transcriptional coactivator YAP/TAZ and its downstream targets were observed in GC cells with CLDN18.2 overexpression and those under JPYZ treatment, leading to cytoplasmic retention of phosphorylated YAP at site Ser-127. High abundance of CLDN18.2 was detected in more GC patients who received chemotherapy combined with JPYZ. CONCLUSION JPYZ has an inhibitory effect on GC growth and metastasis partly by elevating CLDN18.2 abundance in GC cells, indicating more patients may benefit from combination therapy of JPYZ and the upcoming CLDN18.2 target agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintian Xu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
| | - Yaqi Li
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China; No.1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Ruijuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China; No.1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Xu Chen
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China; No.1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Junyu Shen
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China; No.1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Mengyun Yuan
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China; No.1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Yuxuan Chen
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China; No.1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Menglin Chen
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China; No.1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
| | - Shenlin Liu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
| | - Jian Wu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
| | - Qingmin Sun
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
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18
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Fujiwara-Tani R, Mori S, Ogata R, Sasaki R, Ikemoto A, Kishi S, Kondoh M, Kuniyasu H. Claudin-4: A New Molecular Target for Epithelial Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5494. [PMID: 36982569 PMCID: PMC10051602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin-4 (CLDN4) is a key component of tight junctions (TJs) in epithelial cells. CLDN4 is overexpressed in many epithelial malignancies and correlates with cancer progression. Changes in CLDN4 expression have been associated with epigenetic factors (such as hypomethylation of promoter DNA), inflammation associated with infection and cytokines, and growth factor signaling. CLDN4 helps to maintain the tumor microenvironment by forming TJs and acts as a barrier to the entry of anticancer drugs into tumors. Decreased expression of CLDN4 is a potential marker of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and decreased epithelial differentiation due to reduced CLDN4 activity is involved in EMT induction. Non-TJ CLDN4 also activates integrin beta 1 and YAP to promote proliferation, EMT, and stemness. These roles in cancer have led to investigations of molecular therapies targeting CLDN4 using anti-CLDN4 extracellular domain antibodies, gene knockdown, clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), and C-terminus domain of CPE (C-CPE), which have demonstrated the experimental efficacy of this approach. CLDN4 is strongly involved in promoting malignant phenotypes in many epithelial cancers and is regarded as a promising molecular therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Ruiko Ogata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Rika Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Ayaka Ikemoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Drug Innovation Center, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 6-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.M.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (S.K.)
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Stoeckelhuber M, Grill FD, Wolff KD, Kesting MR, Wolff CT, Fichter AM, Loeffelbein DJ, Schmitz C, Ritschl LM. Infantile human labial glands: Distribution of aquaporins and claudins in the context of paracellular and transcellular pathways. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102052. [PMID: 36905859 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Human labial glands consist of saliva-secreting cells which are formed by serous and predominantly mucous glandular cells. The following excretory duct system converts the isotonic saliva into a hypotonic fluid. Liquids are transported across the membrane of epithelial cells by paracellular or transcellular mode of action. We studied aquaporins (AQP) and tight junction proteins in the endpieces and duct system of human labial glands of 3-5-month-old infants for the first time. AQP1, AQP3, and AQP5 represent the transcellular transport; tight junction proteins like claudin-1, - 3, - 4, and - 7 regulate the permeability of the paracellular pathway. Specimens of 28 infants were included in this study and analyzed histologically. AQP1 was present in myoepithelial cells and in endothelial cells of small blood vessels. AQP3 showed basolateral plasmamembrane localization in glandular endpieces. AQP5 was localized at the apical cytomembrane in serous and mucous glandular cells and at the lateral membrane in serous cells. Ducts remained unstained with the antibody to AQP1, AQP3, and AQP5. Claudin-1, - 3, - 4, and - 7 were expressed mainly in the lateral plasmamembrane of serous glandular cells. In the ducts, claudin-1, - 4, and - 7 were detected at the basal cell layer, claudin-7 also at the lateral cytomembrane. Our findings provide new insights into the localization of epithelial barrier components necessary for regulating saliva-modification in infantile labial glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mechthild Stoeckelhuber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Florian D Grill
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dietrich Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco R Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Constantin T Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas M Fichter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Denys J Loeffelbein
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Helios Hospital Munich West, Teaching Hospital of Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Schmitz
- Department of Anatomy II, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucas M Ritschl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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20
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Wang C, Wu N, Pei B, Ma X, Yang W. Claudin and pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1136227. [PMID: 36959784 PMCID: PMC10027734 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1136227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the lack of timely and accurate screening modalities and treatments, most pancreatic cancer (PCa) patients undergo fatal PCa progression within a short period since diagnosis. The claudin(CLDN) family is expressed specifically as tight junction structure in a variety of tumors, including PCa, and affects tumor progression by changing the cell junctions. Thus far, many of the 27 members of the claudin family, including claudin-18.2 and claudin-4, have significantly aberrantly expression in pancreatic tumors. In addition, some studies have confirmed the role of some claudin proteins in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic tumors. By targeting different targets of claudin protein and combining chemotherapy, further enhance tumor cell necrosis and inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis. Claudins can either promote or inhibit the development of pancreatic cancer, which indicates that the diagnosis and treatment of different kinds of claudins require to consider different biological characteristics. This literature summarizes the functional characteristics and clinical applications of various claudin proteins in Pca cells, with a focus on claudin-18.2 and claudin-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Na Wu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Beibei Pei
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/ Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Wenhui Yang,
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Wang DW, Zhang WH, Danil G, Yang K, Hu JK. The role and mechanism of claudins in cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1051497. [PMID: 36620607 PMCID: PMC9818346 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1051497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Claudins are a tetraspan membrane protein multigene family that plays a structural and functional role in constructing tight junctions. Claudins perform crucial roles in maintaining cell polarity in epithelial and endothelial cell sheets and controlling paracellular permeability. In the last two decades, increasing evidence indicates that claudin proteins play a major role in controlling paracellular permeability and signaling inside cells. Several types of claudins are dysregulated in various cancers. Depending on where the tumor originated, claudin overexpression or underexpression has been shown to regulate cell proliferation, cell growth, metabolism, metastasis and cell stemness. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is one of the most important functions of claudin proteins in disease progression. However, the exact molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that explain why claudin proteins are so important to tumorigenesis and progression have not been determined. In addition, claudins are currently being investigated as possible diagnostic and treatment targets. Here, we discuss how claudin-related signaling pathways affect tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and treatment sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Wen Wang
- Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Han Zhang
- Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Galiullin Danil
- Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Kun Yang
- Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian-Kun Hu
- Gastric Cancer Center and Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Jian-Kun Hu,
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22
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Ma C, Luo H. A more novel and robust gene signature predicts outcome in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2022; 46:102033. [PMID: 36265781 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2022.102033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a life-threatening thoracic tumor with a poor prognosis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) mainly comprises tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells mixed with stromal components. The latest research has displayed that tumor immune cell infiltration (ICI) is closely connected with the ESCC patients' clinical prognosis. This study was designed to construct a gene signature based on the ICI of ESCC to predict prognosis. METHODS Based on the selection criteria we set, the eligible ESCC cases from the GSE53625 and TCGA-ESCA datasets were chosen for the training cohort and the validation cohort, respectively. Unsupervised clustering detailed grouped ESCC cases of the training cohort based on the ICI profile. We determined the differential expression genes (DEGs) between the ICI clusters, and, subsequently, we adopted the univariate Cox analysis to recognize DEGs with prognostic potential. These screened DEGs underwent a Lasso regression, which then generated a gene signature. The harvested signature's predictive ability was further examined by the Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox analysis, ROC, IAUC, and IBS. More importantly, we listed similar studies in the most recent year and compared theirs with ours. We performed the functional annotation, immune relevant signature correlation analysis, and immune infiltrating analysis to thoroughly understand the functional mechanism of the signature and the immune cells' roles in the gene signature's predicting capacity. RESULTS A sixteen-gene signature (ARSD, BCAT1, BIK, CLDN11, DLEU7-AS1, GGH, IGFBP2, LINC01037, LINC01446, LINC01497, M1AP, PCSK2, PCSK5, PPP2R2A, TIGD7, and TMSB4X) was generated from the Lasso model. We then confirmed the signature as having solid and stable prognostic capacity by several statistical methods. We revealed the superiority of our signature after comparing it to our predecessors, and the GSEA uncovered the specifically mechanism of action related to the gene signature. Two immune relevant signatures, including GZMA and LAG3 were identified associating with our signature. The immune-infiltrating analysis identified crucial roles of resting mast cells, which potentially support the sixteen-gene signature's prognosis ability. CONCLUSIONS We discovered a robust sixteen-gene signature that can accurately predict ESCC prognosis. The immune relevant signatures, GZMA and LAG3, and resting mast cells infiltrating were closely linked to the sixteen-gene signature's ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Huan Luo
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and the Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
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Yadav R, Kumar Y, Dahiya D, Bhatia A. Claudins: The Newly Emerging Targets in Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2022; 22:737-752. [PMID: 36175290 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Claudin-low breast cancers are recently described entities showing low expression of certain claudins and cell adhesion molecules. Claudins constitute the backbone of tight junctions (TJs) formed between 2 cells. Their dysregulation plays a vital role in tumorigenesis. First part of the article focuses on the role of claudins in the TJ organization, their structural-functional characteristics, and post-transcriptional and translational modifications. The latter part of the review attempts to summarize existing knowledge regarding the status of claudins in breast cancer. The article also provides an overview of the effect of claudins on tumor progression, metastasis, stemness, chemotherapy resistance, and their crosstalk with relevant signaling pathways in breast cancer. Claudins can act as 2-edged swords in tumors. Some claudins have either tumor-suppressive/ promoting action, while others work as both in a context-dependent manner. Claudins regulate many important events in breast cancer. However, the intricacies involved in their activity are poorly understood. Post-translational modifications in claudins and their impact on TJ integrity, function, and tumor behavior are still unclear. Although their role in adverse events in breast cancer is recognized, their potential to serve as relevant targets for future therapeutics, especially for difficult-to-treat subtypes of the above malignancy, remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Yadav
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Yashwant Kumar
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Divya Dahiya
- Department of General Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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24
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Screnci B, Stafford LJ, Barnes T, Shema K, Gilman S, Wright R, Al Absi S, Phillips T, Azuelos C, Slovik K, Murphy P, Harmon DB, Charpentier T, Doranz BJ, Rucker JB, Chambers R. Antibody specificity against highly conserved membrane protein Claudin 6 driven by single atomic contact point. iScience 2022; 25:105665. [PMID: 36505931 PMCID: PMC9732412 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The tight junction protein claudin 6 (CLDN6) is differentially expressed on cancer cells with almost no expression in healthy tissue. However, achieving therapeutic MAb specificity for this 4 transmembrane protein is challenging because it is nearly identical to the widely expressed CLDN9, with only 3 extracellular amino acids different. Most other CLDN6 MAbs, including those in clinical development are cross-reactive with CLDN9, and several trials have now been stopped. Here we isolated rare MAbs that bind CLDN6 with up to picomolar affinity and display minimal cross-reactivity with CLDN9, 22 other CLDN family members, or across the human membrane proteome. Amino acid-level epitope mapping distinguished the binding sites of our MAbs from existing clinical-stage MAbs. Atomic-level epitope mapping identified the structural mechanism by which our MAbs differentiate CLDN6 and CLDN9 through steric hindrance at a single molecular contact point, the γ carbon on CLDN6 residue Q156.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Screnci
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lewis J. Stafford
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Trevor Barnes
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kristen Shema
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Samantha Gilman
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rebecca Wright
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Suzie Al Absi
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tim Phillips
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Charles Azuelos
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katherine Slovik
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paige Murphy
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel B. Harmon
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tom Charpentier
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Doranz
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joseph B. Rucker
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ross Chambers
- Integral Molecular, 3711 Market Street, Suite 900, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Corresponding author
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25
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Knockdown of CLAUDIN-6 Inhibited Apoptosis and Induced Proliferation of Bovine Cumulus Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113222. [PMID: 36362009 PMCID: PMC9656489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of CLAUDIN-6 (CLDN6) on cell apoptosis and proliferation of bovine cumulus cells (CCs). Immunofluorescence staining was used to localize CLDN6 protein in CCs. Three pairs of siRNA targeting CLDN6 and one pair of siRNA universal negative sequence as control were transfected into bovine CCs. Then, the effective siRNA was screened by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. The mRNA expression levels of apoptosis related genes (CASPASE-3, BAX and BCL-2) and proliferation related genes (PCNA, CDC42 and CCND2) were evaluated by RT-qPCR in CCs with CLDN6 knockdown. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry with CCK-8 staining, Annexin V-FITC staining and propidium iodide staining, respectively. Results showed that the CLDN6 gene was expressed in bovine CCs and the protein was localized in cell membranes and cytoplasms. After CLDN6 was knocked down in CCs, the cell apoptosis rate significantly decreased and the pro-apoptotic genes BAX and CASPASE-3 were down-regulated significantly, whereas the anti-apoptotic gene BCL-2 was markedly up-regulated (p < 0.05). Additionally, CLDN6 knockdown significantly enhanced cell proliferation of CCs at 72 h after siRNA transfection. The mRNA levels of proliferation-related genes PCNA, CCND2 and CDC42 increased obviously in CCs with CLDN6 knockdown (p < 0.05). After CLDN6 was down-regulated, the percentage of CCs at S phase was significantly increased (p < 0.05). However, there was no remarkable difference in the percentages of cells at the G0/G1 phase and G2/M phase between CCs with or without CLDN6 knockdown (p > 0.05). Therefore, the expression of CLDN6 and its effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of bovine CCs were first studied. CLDN6 low expression inhibited cell apoptosis, induced cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest of bovine CCs.
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Arrojo ML, Oliveira KK, Bettim BB, Kowalski LP, Carraro DM, Meira ITJE, Torrezan GT, Lourenço SV, Coutinho-Camillo CM. Tight junction gene expression in salivary gland tumors. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154113. [PMID: 36099718 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Salivary gland neoplasms comprise a heterogeneous group of lesions with multiple histological subtypes, each with distinct growth patterns, resulting in a spectrum of tumor-specific prognoses; pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) are the most common representatives of these neoplasms. Many studies have associated specific profiles of membrane and adhesion molecules in salivary gland tissues; these profiles appear to be relevant in tumor biology as well as be interpreted as fingerprints for tumor classification, diagnostic prognostic and therapeutic targets. One of these membrane molecule complexes are the tight junctions, composed by various proteins, in which claudins are protagonists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expressions of genes that encode tight junction proteins (CLDN-1, -3, -4, -5, -7, and -11, occludin [OCLN], zonula occludens [TJP1, TJP2, and TJP3] and junctional adhesion molecule A [F11R]) in MEC and PA using real time RT-PCR. We observed high expression of CLDN-1 and -7 and low expression of CLDN-3, -11 and TJP2 in MEC compared to PA. PA samples demonstrated high OCLN expression when compared to MEC. CRTC1::MAML2 fusion was detected in 12 of 20 (60.0%) MEC samples and was associated with CLDN7 expression, while the absence of fusion was associated with high histological grade. Increased CLDN5 expression was associated with submandibular gland tumors. This study demonstrated differential expressions of genes encoding tight junction constituent proteins and their associations with tumor characteristics, suggesting their potential future role as diagnostic and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luiza Arrojo
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dirce Maria Carraro
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, International Research Center A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella Tanus Job E Meira
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, International Research Center A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana Tardin Torrezan
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, International Research Center A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Vanessa Lourenço
- Department of General Pathology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Banga AR, Odiase P, Rachakonda K, Garg AP, Adunyah SE, Rachakonda G. Application of C-Terminal Clostridium Perfringens Enterotoxin in Treatment of Brain Metastasis from Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174309. [PMID: 36077843 PMCID: PMC9454751 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Brain metastasis occurs in primary cancers, such as breast cancer, and is correlated with mortality. There are limited options available for treatment, but Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin (CPE) and its interaction with Claudin-4, a possible diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer, can provide a molecular pathway basis for the development of treatment options for metastatic brain cancer. Analysis of the literature reveals that Claudin-4 plays an important role as a receptor for CPE, allowing for the disruption of cell membrane permeability, an influx of calcium ions, and subsequent cell death. The negligible presence of Claudin-4 in normal brain cancer cells and the high abundance of Claudin-4 in breast cancer cells metastasized to the brain, allow for the targeted binding of CPE to tumor cells in the brain. We show that the C-terminal of CPE conjugated to nanoparticles that cross the blood–brain barrier could serve as a drug delivery tool to treat metastatic cells in the brain. Abstract Claudin-4 is part of the Claudin family of transmembrane tight junction (TJ) proteins found in almost all tissues and, together with adherens junctions and desmosomes, forms epithelial and endothelial junctional complexes. Although the distribution of Claudin-4 occurs in many cell types, the level of expression is cell-specific. Claudin proteins regulate cell proliferation and differentiation by binding cell-signaling ligands, and its expression is upregulated in several cancers. As a result, alterations in Claudin expression patterns or distribution are vital in the pathology of cancer. Profiling the genetic expression of Claudin-4 showed that Claudin-4 is also a receptor for the clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) and that Claudin-4 has a high sequence similarity with CPE’s high-affinity receptor. CPE is cytolytic due to its ability to form pores in cellular membranes, and CPE treatment in breast cancer cells have shown promising results due to the high expression of Claudin-4. The C-terminal fragment of CPE (c-CPE) provides a less toxic alternative for drug delivery into breast cancer cells, particularly metastatic tumors in the brain, especially as Claudin-4 expression in the central nervous system (CNS) is low. Therefore, c-CPE provides a unique avenue for the treatment of breast–brain metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita R. Banga
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering & Sciences, Shobhit Institute of Engineering & Technology, Meerut 250110, India
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Peace Odiase
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Kartik Rachakonda
- Undergraduate Studies, School of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Amar P. Garg
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering & Sciences, Shobhit Institute of Engineering & Technology, Meerut 250110, India
| | - Samuel E. Adunyah
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Girish Rachakonda
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +615-775-7478
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Chang JW, Seo ST, Im MA, Won HR, Liu L, Oh C, Jin YL, Piao Y, Kim HJ, Kim JT, Jung SN, Koo BS. Claudin-1 mediates progression by regulating EMT through AMPK/TGF-β signaling in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Res 2022; 247:58-78. [PMID: 35462077 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Claudin-1 (CLDN1), a major component of tight junction complexes in the epithelium, maintains cellular polarity, and plays a critical role in cell-to-cell communication as well as epithelial cell homeostasis. Although the role of CLDN1 has been widely studied in cancer, its role in the progression and the exact regulatory mechanisms, remain controversial. Using next-generation sequencing, we first analyzed the expression profiles of tumor/non-tumor paired tissue in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) from public and local cohorts and found out that CLDN1 is upregulated in tumors compared to normal tissues. Next, its correlation with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis was validated in the retrospective cohort, which collectively suggests CLDN1 as an oncogene in HNSC. As expected, the knockdown of CLDN1 inhibited invasive phenotypes by downregulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. To ascertain the regulatory mechanism of CLDN1 in HNSC analysis of GO term enrichment, KEGG pathways, and curated gene sets were used. As a result, CLDN1 was negatively associated with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and positively associated with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling. In vitro mechanistic assay showed that CLDN1 inhibited AMPK phosphorylation by regulating AMPK upstream phosphatases, which led to inhibition of Smad2 activity. Intriguingly, the invasive phenotype of cancer cells increased by CLDN1 overexpression was rescued by AMPK activation, indicating a role of the CLDN1/AMPK/TGF-β/EMT cascade in HNSC. Consistently in vivo, CLDN1 suppression significantly inhibited the tumor growth, with elevated AMPK expression, suggesting the novel observation of oncogenic CLDN1-AMPK signaling in HNSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Tae Seo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ae Im
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Ryun Won
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Oh
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Li Jin
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yudan Piao
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jong Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Nam Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Institute for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Zhu L, Chen Y, Du H, Cong Y, Yan W, Ma K, Huang X. N-glycosylation of CD82 at Asn157 is required for suppressing migration and invasion by reversing EMT via Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colon cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 629:121-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Maesaka F, Kuwada M, Horii S, Kishi S, Fujiwara-Tani R, Mori S, Fujii K, Mori T, Ohmori H, Owari T, Miyake M, Nakai Y, Tanaka N, Bhawal UK, Luo Y, Kondoh M, Fujimoto K, Kuniyasu H. Hypomethylation of CLDN4 Gene Promoter Is Associated with Malignant Phenotype in Urinary Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126516. [PMID: 35742959 PMCID: PMC9224287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The tight junction (TJ) protein claudin-4 (CLDN4) is overexpressed in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) and correlates with cancer progression. However, the mechanism of CLDN4 upregulation and promotion of malignant phenotype is not clear. Here, we analyzed 157 cases of BUC and investigated the hypomethylation of CpG island in the CLDN4 promoter DNA and its correlation with cancer progression. In hypomethylated cases, CLDN4 expression, cell proliferation, stemness, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were increased. Treatment of three human BUC cell lines with the demethylating agent aza-2′-deoxycytidine (AZA) led to excessive CLDN4 expression, and, specifically, to an increase in CLDN4 monomer that is not integrated into the TJ. The TJ-unintegrated CLDN4 was found to bind integrin β1 and increase stemness, drug resistance, and metastatic ability of the cells as well as show an anti-apoptosis effect likely via FAK phosphorylation, which reduces upon knockdown of CLDN4. Thus, CLDN4 is overexpressed in BUC by an epigenetic mechanism and the high expression enhances the malignant phenotype of BUC via increased levels of TJ-unintegrated CLDN4. CLDN4 promoter DNA methylation is expected to be a novel indicator of BUC malignant phenotype and a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumisato Maesaka
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Masaomi Kuwada
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Shohei Horii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Takuya Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
| | - Takuya Owari
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Makito Miyake
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Yasushi Nakai
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Nobumichi Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Ujjal Kumar Bhawal
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Yi Luo
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China;
| | - Masuo Kondoh
- Drug Innovation Center, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 6-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Kiyohide Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8522, Nara, Japan; (T.O.); (M.M.); (Y.N.); (N.T.); (K.F.)
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (F.M.); (M.K.); (S.H.); (S.K.); (R.F.-T.); (S.M.); (K.F.); (T.M.); (H.O.); (U.K.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-744-22-3051; Fax: +81-744-25-7308
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Feng S, Lou K, Zou X, Zou J, Zhang G. The Potential Role of Exosomal Proteins in Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:873296. [PMID: 35747825 PMCID: PMC9209716 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.873296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor in men across developed countries. Traditional diagnostic and therapeutic methods for this tumor have become increasingly difficult to adapt to today’s medical philosophy, thus compromising early detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Prospecting for new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets has become a hot topic in today’s research. Notably, exosomes, small vesicles characterized by a phospholipid bilayer structure released by cells that is capable of delivering different types of cargo that target specific cells to regulate biological properties, have been extensively studied. Exosomes composition, coupled with their interactions with cells make them multifaceted regulators in cancer development. Numerous studies have described the role of prostate cancer-derived exosomal proteins in diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. However, so far, there is no relevant literature to systematically summarize its role in tumors, which brings obstacles to the later research of related proteins. In this review, we summarize exosomal proteins derived from prostate cancer from different sources and summarize their roles in tumor development and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangzhi Feng
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Kecheng Lou
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ganna Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junrong Zou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ganna Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Junrong Zou, ; Guoxi Zhang,
| | - Guoxi Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ganna Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Jiangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Calculi Prevention, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Junrong Zou, ; Guoxi Zhang,
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Claudin1 decrease induced by 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 potentiates gefitinib resistance therapy through inhibiting AKT activation-mediated cancer stem-like properties in NSCLC cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:122. [PMID: 35301287 PMCID: PMC8931006 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00918-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Claudins, the integral tight junction proteins that regulate paracellular permeability and cell polarity, are frequently dysregulated in cancer; however, their roles in regulating EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are unknown. To this end, we performed GEO dataset analysis and identified that claudin1 was a critical regulator of EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC cells. We also found that claudin1, which was highly induced by continuous gefitinib treatment, was significantly upregulated in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cells. By knocking down claudin1 in cell lines and xenograft models, we established that gefitinib resistance was decreased. Moreover, claudin1 knockdown suppressed the expression levels of pluripotency markers (Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, CD133, and ALDH1A1). Claudin1 loss inhibited phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) expression and reduced cancer cell stemness by suppressing AKT activation. Furthermore, SKL2001, a β-catenin agonist, upregulated the expression levels of claudin1, p-AKT, and pluripotency markers, and 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) reduced claudin1 expression, AKT activation, and cancer cell stemness by inhibiting β-catenin, and suppressed claudin1/AKT pathway mediated cancer stem-like properties and gefitinib resistance. Collectively, inhibition of claudin1-mediated cancer stem-like properties by 1,25(OH)2D3 may decrease gefitinib resistance through the AKT pathway, which may be a promising therapeutic strategy for inhibiting gefitinib resistance in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma.
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Packeiser EM, Taher L, Kong W, Ernst M, Beck J, Hewicker-Trautwein M, Brenig B, Schütz E, Murua Escobar H, Nolte I. RNA-seq of nine canine prostate cancer cell lines reveals diverse therapeutic target signatures. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:54. [PMID: 35109825 PMCID: PMC8812184 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02422-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine prostate adenocarcinoma (PAC) and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) are typically characterized by metastasis and chemoresistance. Cell lines are important model systems for developing new therapeutic strategies. However, as they adapt to culturing conditions and undergo clonal selection, they can diverge from the tissue from which they were originally derived. Therefore, a comprehensive characterization of cell lines and their original tissues is paramount. METHODS This study compared the transcriptomes of nine canine cell lines derived from PAC, PAC metastasis and TCC to their respective original primary tumor or metastasis tissues. Special interests were laid on cell culture-related differences, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), the prostate and bladder cancer pathways, therapeutic targets in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and genes correlated with chemoresistance towards doxorubicin and carboplatin. RESULTS Independent analyses for PAC, PAC metastasis and TCC revealed 1743, 3941 and 463 genes, respectively, differentially expressed in the cell lines relative to their original tissues (DEGs). While genes associated with tumor microenvironment were mostly downregulated in the cell lines, patient-specific EMT features were conserved. Furthermore, examination of the prostate and bladder cancer pathways revealed extensive concordance between cell lines and tissues. Interestingly, all cell lines preserved downstream PI3K-AKT signaling, but each featured a unique therapeutic target signature. Additionally, resistance towards doxorubicin was associated with G2/M cell cycle transition and cell membrane biosynthesis, while carboplatin resistance correlated with histone, m- and tRNA processing. CONCLUSION Comparative whole-transcriptome profiling of cell lines and their original tissues identifies models with conserved therapeutic target expression. Moreover, it is useful for selecting suitable negative controls, i.e., cell lines lacking therapeutic target expression, increasing the transfer efficiency from in vitro to primary neoplasias for new therapeutic protocols. In summary, the dataset presented here constitutes a rich resource for canine prostate and bladder cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Packeiser
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Leila Taher
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- Division of Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Weibo Kong
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Mathias Ernst
- Division of Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | - Bertram Brenig
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Hugo Murua Escobar
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (CCC-MV), Campus Rostock, University of Rostock, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Ingo Nolte
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
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Abstract
The novel molecular subtype of breast cancer (BC), named "claudin-low", was described in 2007. It was characterized by the consistently low expression of genes involved in the formation of epithelial tight junctions in combination with the high activation of genes associated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, as well as tumor stem cell markers. The similar claudin- low subtype was later identified at the transcriptional level in bladder cancer, gastric cancer, and serous ovarian cancer. However, only in relation to BC, attempts were made to create a surrogate panel for immunohistochemical identification of this subtype in a manner like the intrinsic molecular BC subtypes identified using three main markers, such as ER, PR, and HER-2. At the same time, the ambiguity in the expression of claudins among the subtypes of BC, which is defined by various authors at the immunohistochemical level, as well as the absence of both the confirmed set of immunohistochemical criteria and a unified approach to their assessment, complicate these efforts. The purpose of the review is to show that the immunohistochemical identification of claudin-low subtype of BC is a separate problem that has significant limitations, needs standardization and has not yet reached diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- O P Popova
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Treatment and Rehabilitation Center of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Kuznetsova
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- N.K. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Yu Bogomazova
- Treatment and Rehabilitation Center of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Ivanov
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Beier LS, Piontek J, Piontek A, Protze J, Kobelt D, Walther W. Claudin-Targeted Suicide Gene Therapy for Claudin-Overexpressing Tumor Cells by Using Modified Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin (CPE). Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2521:173-188. [PMID: 35732998 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2441-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial toxins gain growing attention as potential cancer treatment due to their potent cytotoxic effects. Among the very different toxins with diverse modes of action, the Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) is in focus to treat solid cancers. This toxin targets the tight junction proteins claudin-3 and -4 (Cldn-3/4), which are frequently overexpressed in solid cancers. Binding to these claudins induces pore formation in the host cell plasma membrane leading to rapid oncoleaking cell death of tumor cells. Based on this, extending the targeting of CPE beyond Cldn-3/4 is of interest, since other claudins, such as claudin-1 or -5 are often overexpressed in various cancer entities such as non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or papillary thyroid carcinoma. In this chapter we describe the modification of a CPE-encoding vector by structure-directed mutagenesis to either preferentially target Cldn-1 and -5 or to expand targeting to Cldn1-9 for improved broadened cytotoxic targeting of claudin-overexpressing tumors such as but not limited to lung cancer via CPE gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura-Sophie Beier
- Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Medical Department, Charitè - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Piontek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology, Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Medical Department, Charitè - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Piontek
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Protze
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis Kobelt
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Walther
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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An Update on the Molecular and Clinical Characteristics of Apocrine Carcinoma of the Breast. Clin Breast Cancer 2021; 22:e576-e585. [PMID: 35027319 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apocrine carcinoma of the breast is a rare malignancy. According to 2019 WHO classification, apocrine cellular features and a characteristic steroid receptor profile (Estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and androgen receptor (AR)-positive) define apocrine carcinoma. Her-2/neu protein expression is reported in ∼30-50% of apocrine carcinomas, while NGS analysis showed frequent PIK3CA/PTEN/AKT and TP53 mutations Followed by deregulation in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway components (mutations of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF). A recent miRNA study indicates various miRNAs (downregulated hsa-miR-145-5p and upregulated 14 miRNAs such as hsa-miR-182-5p, hsa-miR-3135b, and hsa-miR-4417) may target the commonly altered pathways in apocrine carcinomas such as ERBB2/HER2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Although AR expression is a hallmark of apocrine carcinoma, little is known regarding the efficacy/resistance to antiandrogens. Success of bicalutamide, a non-steroidal anti-androgen, was reported in a case of Her2-negative apocrine carcinoma. Two recent studies, however, described presence of anti-androgen resistance biomarkers (a splice variant ARv7 and AR/NCOA2 co-amplification) in a subset of AR+ apocrine carcinomas, cautioning the use of anti-androgens in AR+ triple-negative breast carcinomas. Apocrine carcinomas rarely show biomarkers predictive of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (PD-L1 expression, MSI-H status, and TMB-high). Therefore, a comprehensive cancer profiling of apocrine carcinomas is necessary to identify potential therapeutic targets for a truly individualized treatment approach.
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Transcriptional and Epigenetic Bioinformatic Analysis of Claudin-9 Regulation in Gastric Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5936905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disease that represents 5% to 10% of all new cancer cases worldwide. Advances in histological diagnosis and the discovery of new genes have admitted new genomic classifications. Nevertheless, the bioinformatic analysis of gastric cancer databases has favored the detection of specific differentially expressed genes with biological significance. Claudins, a family of proteins involved in tight junction physiology, have emerged as the key regulators of cellular processes, such as growth, proliferation, and migration, associated with cancer progression. The expression of Claudin-9 in the gastric cancer tissue has been linked to poor prognosis, however, its transcriptional and epigenetic regulations demand a more comprehensive analysis. Using the neural network promoter prediction, TransFact, Uniprot-KB, Expasy-SOPMA, protein data bank, proteomics DB, Interpro, BioGRID, String, and the FASTA protein sequence databases and software, we found the following: (1) the promoter sequence has an unconventional structure, including different transcriptional regulation elements distributed throughout it, (2) GATA 4, GATA 6, and KLF5 are the key regulators of Claudin-9 expression, (3) Oct1, NF-κB, AP-1, c-Ets-1, and HNF-3β have the higher binding affinity to the CLDN9 promoter, (4) Claudin-9 interacts with cell differentiation and development proteins, (5) CLDN9 is highly methylated, and (6) Claudin-9 expression is associated with poor survival. In conclusion, Claudin-9 is a protein that should be considered a diagnostic marker as its gene promoter region binds to the transcription factors associated with the deregulation of cell control, enhanced cell proliferation, and metastasis.
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Wei M, Zhang Y, Yang X, Ma P, Li Y, Wu Y, Chen X, Deng X, Yang T, Mao X, Qiu L, Meng W, Zhang B, Wang Z, Han J. Claudin-2 promotes colorectal cancer growth and metastasis by suppressing NDRG1 transcription. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e667. [PMID: 34965023 PMCID: PMC8715829 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumours, with multiple driving factors and biological transitions involved in its development. Claudin-2 (CLDN2), a well-defined component of cellular tight junction, has been indicated to associate with CRC progression. However, the function of CLDN2 and the underlying mechanism whereby the downstream signalling transduction is regulated in CRC remains largely unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that CLDN2 is upregulated in CRC samples and associated with poor survival. And CLDN2 depletion significantly promotes N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) transcription, leading to termination of the CRC growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, this process promotes CLDN2/ZO1/ZONAB complex dissociation and ZONAB shuttle into nucleus to enrich in the promoter of NDRG1. Thus, this study reveals a novel CLDN2/ZO1/ZONAB-NDRG1 axis in CRC by regulating the expression of EMT-related genes and CDKIs, suggesting CLDN2 may serve as a promising target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtian Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular Network and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yaguang Zhang
- Research Laboratory of Tumors Epigenetics and GenomicsDepartment of General SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular NetworkState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xuyang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular Network and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Pingfan Ma
- Research Laboratory of Tumors Epigenetics and GenomicsDepartment of General SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular NetworkState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yan Li
- Research Laboratory of Tumors Epigenetics and GenomicsDepartment of General SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular NetworkState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yangping Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Clinical Research ManagementWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiangzheng Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiangbing Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular Network and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Tinghan Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular Network and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiaobing Mao
- Research Laboratory of Tumors Epigenetics and GenomicsDepartment of General SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular NetworkState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lei Qiu
- Research Laboratory of Tumors Epigenetics and GenomicsDepartment of General SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular NetworkState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wenjian Meng
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular Network and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular Network and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Research Laboratory of Tumors Epigenetics and GenomicsDepartment of General SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular NetworkState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular Network and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Junhong Han
- Research Laboratory of Tumors Epigenetics and GenomicsDepartment of General SurgeryFrontiers Science Center for Disease‐related Molecular NetworkState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Tight junction protein CLDN17 serves as a tumor suppressor to reduce the invasion and migration of oral cancer cells by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 133:105301. [PMID: 34781072 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate claudin-17 (CLDN17) expression in oral cancer and its effect on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and migration in oral cancer cells. METHODS The GEO2R tool was used to analyze gene expression in two microarray datasets (GSE74530 and GSE146483) derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) verified CLDN17 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) patients. Moreover, oral cancer cells were transfected with CLDN17 overexpression plasmid or CLDN17 shRNA to evaluate cell invasion and migration. Gene and protein expression was detected by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. RESULTS CLDN17 was one of the top 200 differentially expressed genes in the GSE74530 and GSE146483 datasets and was downregulated in oral cancer. CLDN17 expression was higher in HNSC tissues, and it was related to TNM staging. In HNSC tumors, CLDN17 expression was positively correlated with CDH1 but negatively related to VIM, SNAIL1, SNAIL2, and TWIST1. Meanwhile, we found that CLDN17 expression was lower in oral cancer tissues; it declined with higher T status, N status, M status and staging, lower differentiation grade, and a worse prognosis. Upregulation of CLDN17 inhibited the invasion and migration of oral cancer cells, with elevated CDH1 and reduced VIM, SNAIL1, SNAIL2, and TWIST1, while CLDN17 downregulation had the opposite effects. CONCLUSION CLDN17 may serve as a tumor suppressor in oral cancer since it could reduce the invasion and migration of cells by inhibiting the EMT process, thus becoming a potential therapeutic target in oral cancer.
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Kramer Z, Kenessey I, Gángó A, Lendvai G, Kulka J, Tőkés AM. Cell polarity and cell adhesion associated gene expression differences between invasive micropapillary and no special type breast carcinomas and their prognostic significance. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18484. [PMID: 34531452 PMCID: PMC8446082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast (IMPC) has been in the focus of several studies given its specific histology and clinicopathological course. We analysed mRNA expression profiles and the prognostic value of 43 genes involved in cell polarity, cell-adhesion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in IMPC tumors and compared them to invasive breast carcinomas of no special type (IBC-NST). IMPCs (36 cases), IBC-NSTs (36 cases) and mixed IMPC-IBC NSTs (8 cases) were investigated. mRNA expression level of selected genes were analysed using the NanoString nCounter Analysis System. Distant metastases free survival (DMFS) intervals were determined. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 13.5 software. Twelve genes showed significantly different expression in the IMPC group. There was no difference in DMFS according to histological type (IBC-NST vs. IMPC). High CLDN3, PALS1 and low PAR6 expression levels in the entire cohort were associated with shorter DMFS, and PALS1 was proven to be grade independent prognostic factor. Positive lymph node status was associated with higher levels of AKT1 expression. Differences in gene expression in IMPC versus IBC-NST may contribute to the unique histological appearance of IMPCs. No marked differences were observed in DMFS of the two groups. Altered gene expression in the mTOR signaling pathway in both tumor subtypes highlights the potential benefit from AKT/mTOR inhibitors in IMPCs similarly to IBC-NSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Kramer
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 93, Budapest, 1091, Hungary
| | - István Kenessey
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 93, Budapest, 1091, Hungary
| | - Ambrus Gángó
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
| | - Gábor Lendvai
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 93, Budapest, 1091, Hungary
| | - Janina Kulka
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 93, Budapest, 1091, Hungary.
| | - Anna-Mária Tőkés
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 93, Budapest, 1091, Hungary
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Effective Oncoleaking Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer by Claudin-Targeted Suicide Gene Therapy with Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin (CPE). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174393. [PMID: 34503203 PMCID: PMC8431234 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Current therapies for pancreas carcinoma (PC) are of limited efficacy due to tumor aggressiveness and therapy resistance. Bacterial toxins with pore-forming (oncoleaking) potential are promising tools in cancer therapy. We have developed a novel, suicide gene therapy treatment, based on Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE)-mediated oncoleaking. This is achieved by CPE suicide gene therapy to treat PC, which overexpresses the claudin-3 and -4 (Cldn3/4) tight junction proteins, which are targets of CPE action. This targeted gene therapy causes rapid eradication of Cldn3/4 overexpressing PC cells via oncoleaking and initiation of apoptotic/necrotic signaling. We demonstrate efficacy of this approach in vitro and after nonviral in vivo gene transfer in cell lines and in patient derived xenograft PC models. This therapy approach has translational potential for treatment of pancreas carcinomas and could also be translated into new combination settings with conventional chemotherapy. Abstract Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, associated with poor prognosis and restricted therapeutic options. Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), is a pore-forming (oncoleaking) toxin, which binds to claudin-3 and -4 (Cldn3/4) causing selective cytotoxicity. Cldn3/4 are highly upregulated in PC and represent an effective target for oncoleaking therapy. We utilized a translation-optimized CPE vector (optCPE) for new suicide approach of PC in vitro and in cell lines (CDX) and patient-derived pancreatic cancer xenografts (PDX) in vivo. The study demonstrates selective toxicity in Cldn3/4 overexpressing PC cells by optCPE gene transfer, mediated by pore formation, activation of apoptotic/necrotic signaling in vitro, induction of necrosis and of bystander tumor cell killing in vivo. The optCPE non-viral intratumoral in vivo jet-injection gene therapy shows targeted antitumoral efficacy in different CDX and PDX PC models, leading to reduced tumor viability and induction of tumor necrosis, which is further enhanced if combined with chemotherapy. This selective oncoleaking suicide gene therapy improves therapeutic efficacy in pancreas carcinoma and will be of value for better local control, particularly of unresectable or therapy refractory PC.
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Gowrikumar S, Primeaux M, Pravoverov K, Wu C, Szeglin BC, Sauvé CEG, Thapa I, Bastola D, Chen XS, Smith JJ, Singh AB, Dhawan P. A Claudin-Based Molecular Signature Identifies High-Risk, Chemoresistant Colorectal Cancer Patients. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092211. [PMID: 34571860 PMCID: PMC8466455 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying molecular characteristics that are associated with aggressive cancer phenotypes through gene expression profiling can help predict treatment responses and clinical outcomes. Claudins are deregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC). In CRC, increased claudin-1 expression results in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis, while claudin-7 functions as a tumor suppressor. In this study, we have developed a molecular signature based on claudin-1 and claudin-7 associated with poor patient survival and chemoresistance. This signature was validated using an integrated approach including publicly available datasets and CRC samples from patients who either responded or did not respond to standard-of-care treatment, CRC cell lines, and patient-derived rectal and colon tumoroids. Transcriptomic analysis from a patient dataset initially yielded 23 genes that were differentially expressed along with higher claudin-1 and decreased claudin-7. From this analysis, we selected a claudins-associated molecular signature including PIK3CA, SLC6A6, TMEM43, and ASAP-1 based on their importance in CRC. The upregulation of these genes and their protein products was validated using multiple CRC patient datasets, in vitro chemoresistant cell lines, and patient-derived tumoroid models. Additionally, blocking these genes improved 5-FU sensitivity in chemoresistant CRC cells. Our findings propose a new claudin-based molecular signature that associates with poor prognosis as well as characteristics of treatment-resistant CRC including chemoresistance, metastasis, and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiprasad Gowrikumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (S.G.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Mark Primeaux
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (S.G.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Kristina Pravoverov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (S.G.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (C.W.); (B.C.S.); (C.-E.G.S.); (J.J.S.)
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Bryan C. Szeglin
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (C.W.); (B.C.S.); (C.-E.G.S.); (J.J.S.)
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Charles-Etienne Gabriel Sauvé
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (C.W.); (B.C.S.); (C.-E.G.S.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Ishwor Thapa
- College of Information Science & Technology, University of Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA; (I.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Dhundy Bastola
- College of Information Science & Technology, University of Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA; (I.T.); (D.B.)
| | - Xi Steven Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - J. Joshua Smith
- Department of Surgery, Colorectal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; (C.W.); (B.C.S.); (C.-E.G.S.); (J.J.S.)
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Amar B. Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (S.G.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (A.B.S.)
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (S.G.); (M.P.); (K.P.); (A.B.S.)
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(402)-559-6587
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Lu Y, Dang Q, Bo Y, Su X, Wang L, Sun J, Wei J, Quan C, Li Y. The Expression of CLDN6 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tissue and the Effects of CLDN6 on Biological Phenotypes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. J Cancer 2021; 12:5454-5463. [PMID: 34405008 PMCID: PMC8364659 DOI: 10.7150/jca.55727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CLDN6, a member of claudin (CLDN) family, was found to be a breast cancer suppressor gene in our early experiments. However, CLDN6 was highly expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (hHCC) (TCGA database), and the role of CLDN6 in hHCC is still unclear. To investigate the expression of CLDN6, immunohistochemical staining was performed in hHCC tissues. As a result, hHCC tissues highly expressed CLDN6, and the expression was related to the degree of tumor's differentiation. To research the role of CLDN6 in hHCC cells, CLDN6 was silenced in HepG2 and Hep3B cells which highly expressed CLDN6 through liposome transfection. Results showed that after silencing of CLDN6, the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of hHCC cells were inhibited. Meanwhile, the expression of E-cadherin was upregulated, and the expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin was downregulated. All the results above indicated that CLDN6 promoted the development of hHCC, and could be a potential target for the treatment of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China.,The Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihua Dang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Bo
- The Department of Pathology, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, 1018 Huguang Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejin Su
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyuan Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengshi Quan
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanru Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
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Du H, Yang X, Fan J, Du X. Claudin 6: Therapeutic prospects for tumours, and mechanisms of expression and regulation (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:677. [PMID: 34296304 PMCID: PMC8335585 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are an important component of cell connectivity; they maintain cell polarity, permeability and adhesion, and participate in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. The claudin (CLDN) family is integral to TJs, and CLDN6 is an important member of this family. Abnormal expression of CLDN6 can destroy the integrity of TJs through various mechanisms and can serve multiple roles in the occurrence and development of tumours. CLDN6 is widely expressed in various tumours but rarely expressed in healthy adult tissues. The aim of this review is to critically examine the recent literature on CLDN6, including its structure, expression in different tumours, regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic prospects. Although some conclusions are controversial, in certain tumours, such as liver, ovarian, endometrial and oesophageal cancer, and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumours, research consistently shows that CLDN6 is expressed in tumour tissues but is not expressed or is expressed at low levels in surrounding tissues. In these tumours, CLDN6 has potential as a carcinoembryonic antigen and a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Du
- Department of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Xiyue Yang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Jinjia Fan
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Du
- Department of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
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Kothari C, Clemenceau A, Ouellette G, Ennour-Idrissi K, Michaud A, C.-Gaudreault R, Diorio C, Durocher F. TBC1D9: An Important Modulator of Tumorigenesis in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3557. [PMID: 34298771 PMCID: PMC8304074 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a major concern among the different subtypes of breast cancer (BC) due to the lack of effective treatment. In a previous study by our group aimed at understanding the difference between TNBC and non-TNBC tumors, we identified the gene TBC1 domain family member 9 (TBC1D9), the expression of which was lower in TNBC as compared to non-TNBC tumors. In the present study, analysis of TBC1D9 expression in TNBC (n = 58) and non-TNBC (n = 25) patient tumor samples validated that TBC1D9 expression can differentiate TNBC (low) from non-TNBC (high) samples and that expression of TBC1D9 was inversely correlated with grade and proliferative index. Moreover, we found that downregulation of the TBC1D9 gene decreases the proliferation marginally in non-TNBC and was associated with increased migratory and tumorigenic potential in both TNBC and luminal BC cell lines. This increase was mediated by the upregulation of ARL8A, ARL8B, PLK1, HIF1α, STAT3, and SPP1 expression in TBC1D9 knockdown cells. Our results suggest that TBC1D9 expression might limit tumor aggressiveness and that it has a differential expression in TNBC vs. non-TNBC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Kothari
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1T 1C2, Canada; (C.K.); (A.C.); (G.O.); (R.C.-G.)
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (K.E.-I.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Alisson Clemenceau
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1T 1C2, Canada; (C.K.); (A.C.); (G.O.); (R.C.-G.)
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (K.E.-I.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Geneviève Ouellette
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1T 1C2, Canada; (C.K.); (A.C.); (G.O.); (R.C.-G.)
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (K.E.-I.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Kaoutar Ennour-Idrissi
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (K.E.-I.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Département de Biologie Moléculaire, de Biochimie Médicale et de Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1T 1C2, Canada
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1T 1C2, Canada
| | - Annick Michaud
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (K.E.-I.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
| | - René C.-Gaudreault
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1T 1C2, Canada; (C.K.); (A.C.); (G.O.); (R.C.-G.)
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (K.E.-I.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Laboratoire de Chimie Médicinale, l’Hôpital Saint-François d’Assise, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1L 3L5, Canada
| | - Caroline Diorio
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (K.E.-I.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1T 1C2, Canada
- Centre des Maladies du Sein, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec City, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
| | - Francine Durocher
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1T 1C2, Canada; (C.K.); (A.C.); (G.O.); (R.C.-G.)
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (K.E.-I.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
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Popova OP, Kuznetsova AV, Bogomazova SY, Ivanov AA. Claudins as biomarkers of differential diagnosis and prognosis of tumors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2803-2817. [PMID: 34241653 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03725-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Claudins are a superfamily of transmembrane proteins, the optimal expression and localization of which are important for the normal physiological function of the epithelium and any imbalance may have pathological consequences. Not only insufficient but also excessive production of claudins in cancer cells, as well as their aberrant localization, equally manifest the formation of a malignant phenotype. Many works are distinguished by contradictory data, which demonstrate the action of the same claudins both in the role of tumor-growth suppressors and promoters in the same cancers. The most important possible causes of significant discrepancies in the results of the works are a considerable variability of sampling and the absence of a consistent approach both to the assessment of the immune reactivity of claudins and to the differential analysis of their subcellular localization. Combined, these drawbacks hinder the histological assessment of the link between claudins and tumor progression. In particular, ambiguous expression of claudins in breast cancer subtypes, revealed by various authors in immunohistochemical analysis, not only fails to facilitate the identification of the claudin-low molecular subtype but rather complicates these efforts. Research into the role of claudins in carcinogenesis has undoubtedly confirmed the potential value of this class of proteins as significant biomarkers in some cancer types; however, the immunohistochemical approach to the assessment of claudins still has limitations, needs standardization, and, to date, has not reached a diagnostic or a prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga P Popova
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 20, Bld 1, Delegatskaya Street, Moscow, 127473, Russia
| | - Alla V Kuznetsova
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 20, Bld 1, Delegatskaya Street, Moscow, 127473, Russia.,Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov Street, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Svetlana Yu Bogomazova
- Department of Pathology, National Medical Research Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ivankovskoe shosse, 3, Moscow, 125367, Russia
| | - Alexey A Ivanov
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 20, Bld 1, Delegatskaya Street, Moscow, 127473, Russia.
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Agame-Lagunes B, Alegria-Rivadeneyra M, Quintana-Castro R, Torres-Palacios C, Grube-Pagola P, Cano-Sarmiento C, Garcia-Varela R, Alexander-Aguilera A, García HS. Curcumin Nanoemulsions Stabilized with Modified Phosphatidylcholine on Skin Carcinogenesis Protocol. Curr Drug Metab 2021; 21:226-234. [PMID: 32348213 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200429111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the main causes of death by disease; several alternative treatments have been developed to counteract this condition. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties; however, it has low water solubility and poor intestinal absorption. Carrier systems, such as nanoemulsions, can increase the bioavailability of lipophilic bioactive compounds. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of curcumin nanoemulsions prepared with lecithin modified with medium-chain fatty acids as an emulsifier, on the expression of the Cdk4, Ccne2, Casp8 and Cldn4 genes involved in the carcinogenesis process in K14E6 transgenic mice. METHODS The emulsifier was prepared by interesterification of medium-chain fatty acids, pure lecithin, and immobilized phospholipase-1 on Duolite A568. An Ultraturrax homogenizer and a Branson Ultrasonic processor were used for the preparation of nano-emulsions, and a Zetasizer evaluated the particle size. qRT-PCR analysis was performed to quantify the cancer-related genes expressed in the K14E6 mice. The development and evolution of skin carcinogenesis were assessed through histological analysis to compare cell morphology. RESULTS Ca 59% of the MCFA were incorporated via esterification into the PC within 12 hours of the reaction. An emulsifier yield used to formulate the NE of 86% was achieved. Nanoemulsions with a particle size of 44 nm were obtained. The curcumin nano-emulsion group had a 91.81% decrease in the tumorigenesis index and a reduction in tumor area of 89.95% compared to the sick group. Histological analysis showed that the group administered with free curcumin developed a microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma, as opposed to the group with nanoemulsion which presented only a slight inflammation. In gene expression, only a significant difference in Cdk4 was observed in the nanoemulsion group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Agame-Lagunes
- UNIDA, Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico/Instituto Tecnologico de Veracruz. Calz. Miguel Angel de Quevedo 2779, Veracruz, Ver. 91897, Mexico
| | - Monserrat Alegria-Rivadeneyra
- UNIDA, Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico/Instituto Tecnologico de Veracruz. Calz. Miguel Angel de Quevedo 2779, Veracruz, Ver. 91897, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Quintana-Castro
- Universidad Veracruzana, Facultad de Bioanalisis, Iturbide S/N, Col. Centro, Veracruz, Ver. 91700, Mexico
| | - Cristobal Torres-Palacios
- UNIDA, Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico/Instituto Tecnologico de Veracruz. Calz. Miguel Angel de Quevedo 2779, Veracruz, Ver. 91897, Mexico
| | - Peter Grube-Pagola
- Universidad Veracruzana, Instituto de Investigaciones Medico Biologicas, Iturbide s/n, Veracruz, Ver. 91700, Mexico
| | - Cynthia Cano-Sarmiento
- CONACyTUNIDA, Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico/Instituto Tecnologico de Veracruz. Calz. Miguel Angel de Quevedo 2779, Veracruz, Ver. 91897, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Garcia-Varela
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin at Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, United States.,Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Nuevo México 45138, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Alfonso Alexander-Aguilera
- Universidad Veracruzana, Facultad de Bioanalisis, Iturbide S/N, Col. Centro, Veracruz, Ver. 91700, Mexico
| | - Hugo Sergio García
- UNIDA, Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico/Instituto Tecnologico de Veracruz. Calz. Miguel Angel de Quevedo 2779, Veracruz, Ver. 91897, Mexico
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Majed SO, Mustafa SA. MACE-Seq-based coding RNA and TrueQuant-based small RNA profile in breast cancer: tumor-suppressive miRNA-1275 identified as a novel marker. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:473. [PMID: 33910530 PMCID: PMC8082896 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08218-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Disruption of cellular processes in the breast by abnormally expressed miRNA is characterized to develop cancer. We aimed to identify the differential expression of small RNAs (sRNAs) and mRNAs in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of the breast cancer (BC) and normal adjacent tissue (NAT). Another aim is to determine the differential expression of miR-1275 as a novel biomarker for BC and also identify its target genes. Methods TrueQuant method for analysis of sRNA expression and MACE-sequencing method for analysis of gene expression were used analyzing. The RT-qPCR technique was used to confirm miR-1275 down expression. Target genes of miR-1275 were computationally identified using target prediction sites and also the expression level of them was experimentally determined among the expressed genes. Results TrueQuant findings showed that 1400 sRNAs were differentially expressed in the FFPE tissue of two Kurdish cases with BC, as compared to NAT. Among the sRNAs, 29 small RNAs were shown to be significantly downregulated in BC cells. The RT-qPCR results confirmed that miR-1275 was significantly down-expressed in 20 Kurdish cases with BC compared to NAT. However, Overall survival (OS) analysis revealed that the correlation between the expression level of miR-1275 and clinical significance was highly corrected in cases with BC (OS rate: P = 0.0401). The MACE-seq results revealed that 26,843 genes were differentially expressed in the BC tissue compared to NAT, but 7041 genes were displayed in a scatter plot. Furthermore, putative target genes (DVL3, PPP2R2D, THSD4, CREB1, SYT7, and PRKACA) were computationally identified as direct targets of miR-1275 in several target predicted sites. The MACE-seq results revealed that the expression level of these targets was increased in BC tissue compared to NAT. The level of these targets was negatively associated with miR-1275 expression. Finally, the role of down-regulated miR-1275 on its targets in biological mechanisms of BC cells was identified; including cell growth, proliferation, movement, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis. Conclusion Down-expressed miR-1275, a tumor suppressor, is a novel biomarker for early detection of BC. DVL3, PPP2R2D, THSD4, CREB1, SYT7, and PRKACA are newly identified to be targeted by miR-1275.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevan Omer Majed
- Biology Department, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.
| | - Suhad Asad Mustafa
- Research Center, Molecular Genetics lab, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
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Kolchakova D, Moten D, Batsalova T, Dzhambazov B. Tight Junction Protein Claudin-12 Is Involved in Cell Migration during Metastasis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050636. [PMID: 33922921 PMCID: PMC8145645 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Claudins are important components of the tight junctions determining barrier properties, cell polarity, and paracellular permeability. Although many functions of claudins in cancer cells have not been elucidated, recent studies have shown that claudins play an important role in cell migration and metastasis. Loss of epithelial/endothelial integrity, disruption of tight junctions, and increased paracellular leakage are often observed during metastasis. The aim of our study was to investigate the involvement of claudin-12 in the process of cell migration as well as to evaluate the possibility of using this protein as a specific target for the regulation of tumorigenesis. We have performed immunocytochemistry assays to detect the expression of claudin-12 in different epithelial/endothelial human cell lines, and selected three (A549, LS180, and HeLa) for further experiments. Using transwell chamber migration assays, we found that anti-claudin-12 antibodies inhibited both the migration and proliferation of claudin-12 expressing cells (A549 and LS180), inducing apoptosis, as well as the migration capacity of Jurkat cells through the monolayers formed from A549 or LS180 cells. In addition, co-cultures of Jurkat cells on monolayers from A549 or LS180 cells, in the presence of synthetic claudin-12 peptides representing the extracellular domains of the claudin-12 protein, also reduced the number of migrated Jurkat cells. Two of the tested peptides (p5 and p6) almost completely blocked the migration of Jurkat cells. All migrated Jurkat cells expressed LFA-1 and CD62L, but not CD44. Thus, claudin-12 is a suitable biomarker for tumor progression and metastasis and an attractive target for antitumor therapy. Anti-claudin-12 antibodies and competitive inhibitory peptides could be useful in the therapeutic approach applied to cancer metastasis in tissues expressing claudin-12.
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Withaferin A mitigates metastatic traits in human oral squamous cell carcinoma caused by aberrant claudin-1 expression. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 38:147-165. [PMID: 33665778 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of claudin-1 (CLDN1) has important roles in carcinogenesis and metastasis in various cancers. The role of CLDN1 in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unknown. Here, we report the functional role of CLDN1 in metastasis of human OSCC, as a potential target regulated by withaferin A. From gene expression profiling with microarray technology, we found that the majority of notable differentially expressed genes were classified into migration/invasion category. Withaferin A impaired the motility of human OSCC cells in vitro and suppressed metastatic nodule formation in an in vivo metastasis model, both associated with reduced CLDN1. CLDN1 overexpression enhanced metastatic nodule formation in vivo, resulting in severe metastatic lesions in lung tissue. Moreover, CLDN1 expression was positively correlated to lymphatic metastasis in OSCC patients. The impaired motility of human OSCC cells upon withaferin A treatment was restored by CLDN1 overexpression. Furthermore, upregulation of let-7a induced by withaferin A was inversely correlated to CLDN1 expression. Overall, these give us an insight into the function of CLDN1 for prognosis and treatment of human OSCC, substantiating further investigation into the use of withaferin A as good anti-metastatic drug candidate.
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