1
|
Liu T, Jin YQ, Wang Q, Jia CH, Ren WY, Liu JY, Yang L, Luo HM. IL-33/ST2L signaling alleviates diabetic nephropathy by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:361. [PMID: 38053041 PMCID: PMC10698915 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an important factor in the regulation of pathological processes in DN, and excessive ER stress can lead to apoptosis. Although the IL-33/ST2 axis is known to be involved in diabetic kidney disease or related nephropathy, its role and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood in terms of DN. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of IL-33/ST2 signaling on DN and to characterize the roles that ER stress and apoptosis play in DN. METHODS To investigate this study, mice were randomly assigned into DN (induced by 0.1% STZ) and Control groups. Biochemical indices (FBG, BUN, UPR, UCE) were measured in serum and urine samples to reflect blood glucose and kidney damage. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence were used to assess gene and protein expression of the IL-33/ST2 axis and ER stress relative signaling molecule. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS IL-33 levels are significantly increased in the kidneys of patients and mice with DN. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that IL-33 colocalized with CD31-positive endothelial cells. Treatment with IL-33 attenuated kidney injury in Streptozotocin (STZ)-treated mice. In vitro, we showed that IL-33 attenuated ER stress and apoptosis in glomerular endothelial cells. However, sST2 treatment significantly reversed these effects of IL-33. CONCLUSION Together, these data suggest that IL-33/ST2 signaling mitigates STZ-induced renal damage, partly at least, by suppressing ER stress and apoptosis. Therefore, IL-33 may be an effective therapeutic target in DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu-Qing Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Cong-Hui Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei-Yan Ren
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jia-Yi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Hong-Min Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu D, Huang LF, Chen XC, Huang XR, Li HY, An N, Tang JX, Liu HF, Yang C. Research progress on endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis in kidney diseases. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:473. [PMID: 37500613 PMCID: PMC10374544 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05905-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays important roles in biosynthetic and metabolic processes, including protein and lipid synthesis, Ca2+ homeostasis regulation, and subcellular organelle crosstalk. Dysregulation of ER homeostasis can cause toxic protein accumulation, lipid accumulation, and Ca2+ homeostasis disturbance, leading to cell injury and even death. Accumulating evidence indicates that the dysregulation of ER homeostasis promotes the onset and progression of kidney diseases. However, maintaining ER homeostasis through unfolded protein response, ER-associated protein degradation, autophagy or ER-phagy, and crosstalk with other organelles may be potential therapeutic strategies for kidney disorders. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress on the relationship and molecular mechanisms of ER dysfunction in kidney pathologies. In addition, the endogenous protective strategies for ER homeostasis and their potential application for kidney diseases have been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Feng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Cui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning An
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ji-Xin Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Amin SN, El-Gamal EM, Rashed LA, Kamar SS, Haroun MA. Inhibition of notch signalling and mesangial expansion by combined glucagon like peptide-1 agonist and crocin therapy in animal model of diabetic nephropathy. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:544-554. [PMID: 33280420 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1846203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the devastating complications in diabetes mellitus (DM). Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is one of the incretins secreted from L cells in the intestine. Crocin (a carotenoid component of saffron) has antioxidants properties. We investigated the renal effects of Exendin-4 as a GLP-1 agonist and Crocin in DN.Thirty male rats were divided into five groups: control, type II DM, type II DM + Exendin-4, type II DM + Crocin and type II DM + Exendine-4 + Crocin. At the end of the experimental period, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured, and GFR was calculated. Blood and urine samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Tissue samples were collected from the kidney for histological examination and biochemical measurements of protein expression.Treatment with GLP-1 agonist or Crocin caused a significant improvement in renal function. Better results were achieved with simultaneous administration of both drugs with inhibition of notch signalling pathway and the related proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Nasr Amin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqaa, Jordan
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Mumtaz El-Gamal
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samaa Samir Kamar
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maged Ahmed Haroun
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), i.e. a cluster of physiological and biochemical abnormalities can lead to diabetic nephropathy (DN). Insulin resistance, impaired fasting glucose are the main signs and symptoms of MetS. Excess sugar can induce various substantial structural changes like formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs are formed due to reaction of reducing sugars with amino groups of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. AGEs when bound to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) activate increased production of pro-inflammatory markers like interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) along with induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Accumulation of AGEs, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and activation of protein kinase C (PKC), are considered to induce glomerular hypertrophy, podocyte apoptosis, therefore contributing to the development and progression of DN. In this review, we decipher different biochemical and physiological factors that link AGEs and DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Parwani
- Department of Biological Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat 388421, India
| | - Palash Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, P. D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat 388421, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang L, Feng J, Deng Y, Yang Q, Wei Q, Ye D, Rong X, Guo J. CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Proteins in Fibrosis: Complex Roles Beyond Conventional Understanding. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2022; 2022:9891689. [PMID: 36299447 PMCID: PMC9575473 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9891689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of at least six identified transcription factors that contain a highly conserved basic leucine zipper domain and interact selectively with duplex DNA to regulate target gene expression. C/EBPs play important roles in various physiological processes, and their abnormal function can lead to various diseases. Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that aberrant C/EBP expression or activity is closely associated with the onset and progression of fibrosis in several organs and tissues. During fibrosis, various C/EBPs can exert distinct functions in the same organ, while the same C/EBP can exert distinct functions in different organs. Modulating C/EBP expression or activity could regulate various molecular processes to alleviate fibrosis in multiple organs; therefore, novel C/EBPs-based therapeutic methods for treating fibrosis have attracted considerable attention. In this review, we will explore the features of C/EBPs and their critical functions in fibrosis in order to highlight new avenues for the development of novel therapies targeting C/EBPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lexun Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Feng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyue Deng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quxing Wei
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dewei Ye
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
DDAH1 Protects against Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Hepatoxicity in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050880. [PMID: 35624743 PMCID: PMC9137993 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In many developed countries, acetaminophen (APAP) overdose-induced acute liver injury is a significant therapeutic problem. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) is a critical enzyme for asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) metabolism. Growing evidence suggests that liver dysfunction is associated with increased plasma ADMA levels and reduced hepatic DDAH1 activity/expression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of DDAH1 in APAP-mediated hepatotoxicity using Ddah1-/- and DDAH1 transgenic mice. After APAP challenge, Ddah1-/- mice developed more severe liver injury than wild type (WT) mice, which was associated with a greater induction of fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, cell apoptosis and phosphorylation of JNK. In contrast, overexpression of DDAH1 attenuated APAP-induced liver injury. RNA-seq analysis showed that DDAH1 affects xenobiotic metabolism and glutathione metabolism pathways in APAP-treated livers. Furthermore, we found that DDAH1 knockdown aggravated APAP-induced cell death, oxidative stress, phosphorylation of JNK and p65, upregulation of CYP2E1 and downregulation of GSTA1 in HepG2 cells. Collectively, our data suggested that DDAH1 has a marked protective effect against APAP-induced liver oxidative stress, inflammation and injury. Strategies to increase hepatic DDAH1 expression/activity may be novel approaches for drug-induced acute liver injury therapy.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang W, Liu R, Sun Q, Huang X, Zhang J, Huang L, Zhang P, Zhang M, Fu Q. Quercetin Alleviates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis in Buffalo Ovarian Granulosa Cells. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060787. [PMID: 35327186 PMCID: PMC8944572 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Granulosa cells are critical components of the ovary that nurture germ cells and sustain oocyte maturation. Apoptosis of granulosa cells leads to follicular atresia, which in turn leads to female infertility. There are many reasons for the apoptosis of granulosa cells, one of which is apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress. We found that quercetin could attenuate the effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress on granulosa cells by the PERK/CHOP signaling pathway. The results provide a novel strategy for inhibiting the apoptosis of granulosa cells. Abstract Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a crucial role in granulosa cell (GCs) apoptosis, which is the main cause of follicular atresia. Quercetin (QC), a plant-derived flavonoid, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other biological properties. However, whether QC can alleviate the effects of ER stress on buffalo GCs remains unknown. In this study, we constructed an ER stress model in buffalo GCs by using tunicamycin (TM) and pre-treated with QC to explore the effect of QC on cells under ER stress. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin fluorescein 5 isothiocyanate (V-FITC), and the expressions of mRNA and related proteins involved in ER stress and apoptosis were detected via real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The results revealed that ER stress can cause apoptosis in GCs, whereas QC pre-treatment can prevent apoptosis caused by ER stress. After pre-treatment with QC, the expression levels of ER stress-related genes and proteins significantly decreased, pro-apoptotic genes were significantly down-regulated, and anti-apoptotic genes were significantly up-regulated. Furthermore, the results of Chop gene overexpression suggested that QC alleviated ER stress via the PERK/CHOP signaling pathway. In this study, we preliminarily elucidated that QC alleviates ER stress-induced apoptosis in buffalo GCs, and the results suggest a novel strategy for delaying follicular atresia by inhibiting GCs apoptosis.
Collapse
|
8
|
Cinnamaldehyde induces autophagy-mediated cell death through ER stress and epigenetic modification in gastric cancer cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:712-723. [PMID: 33980998 PMCID: PMC8888591 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00672-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous reports suggested that cinnamaldehyde (CA), the bioactive ingredient in Cinnamomum cassia, can suppress tumor growth, migratory, and invasive abilities. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of CA in GC are not completely understood. In the present study, we found that CA-induced ER stress and cell death via the PERK-CHOP axis and Ca2+ release in GC cells. Inhibition of ER stress using specific-siRNA blocked CA-induced cell death. Interestingly, CA treatment resulted in autophagic cell death by inducing Beclin-1, ATG5, and LC3B expression and by inhibiting p62 expression whereas autophagy inhibition suppressed CA-induced cell death. We showed that CA induces the inhibition of G9a and the activation of LC3B. Moreover, CA inhibited G9a binding on Beclin-1 and LC3B promoter. Overall, these results suggested that CA regulates the PERK-CHOP signaling, and G9a inhibition activates autophagic cell death via ER stress in GC cells.
Collapse
|
9
|
Duan S, Chen X, Liu Y, Guo W, Liu W. Endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates parathyroid hormone-induced apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells. Ren Fail 2022; 44:126-136. [PMID: 35172689 PMCID: PMC8856047 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2027248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is one of the most common complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is closely associated with increased mortality and morbidity rates of CKD patients. It has been reported that increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) aggravates vascular calcification in CKD patients. However, the direct role of PTH in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is less elucidated. Here, we present evidence that PTH promotes apoptosis of VSMCs and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress participates in this process. Human aorta vascular smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) were treated with different concentrations of PTH for various time. HASMC apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Expression of phosphorylated (p)-PERK, CHOP, IRE1, p-JNK, and cleaved caspase 3 was determined by Western blotting. We found that PTH induced HASMC apoptosis and increased the expression of cleaved caspase 3. Furthermore, PTH activated PERK-CHOP and IRE1-JNK ER stress pathways. Either inhibition of JNK by SP600125 or CHOP by siRNA ameliorated PTH-induced apoptosis in HASMCs. We therefore suggest that ER stress participates in PTH-induced apoptosis of VSMCs, which may be a possible mechanism of PTH-promoted vascular calcification in CKD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhong Duan
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, China
| | - Xinpan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weikang Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ruan F, Wu L, Yin H, Fang L, Tang C, Huang S, Fang L, Zuo Z, He C, Huang J. Long-term exposure to environmental level of phenanthrene causes adaptive immune response and fibrosis in mouse kidneys. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117028. [PMID: 33892371 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As ubiquitous, persistent organic pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have adverse impacts on human health. Phenanthrene (Phe) is one of the most abundant PAHs in the environment. However, the long-term effects of exposure to environmental level of Phe on the kidneys and the potential mechanisms are unclear. T helper (Th) cells, a subtype of CD4+ T cells that play a central role in the renal immune microenvironment. In this study, male mice were chronically exposed to 5, 50, and 500 ng/kg bw Phe every other day for total 210 days. Those results indicated that environmental Phe exposure caused kidney hypertrophy, injury and fibrosis in the mice. Chronic, long-term environmental level of Phe exposure did not significantly alter the innate immune response but induced adaptive immune response changes (Th1/Th2 related cytokines release), causing a type 1 immune response in the 5 ng/kg bw Phe group and a type 2 immune response in the high dose groups (50 and 500 ng/kg bw). This study provides novel insights into the roles of adaptive immune response in long-term PAH exposure-induced chronic kidney injury and fibrosis, which is beneficial for further understanding the potential health hazards of PAHs and providing new avenues for immune intervention strategies to alleviate PAHs toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengkai Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Lifang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 S. Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hanying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Lu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Chen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Siyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Longxiang Fang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Chengyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Jiyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, The 5th Hospital of Xiamen, Xiang'an Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen JH, Wu CH, Chiang CK. Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Proteostasis in Kidney Disease and Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168674. [PMID: 34445377 PMCID: PMC8395452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological insults usually disturb the folding capacity of cellular proteins and lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which leads to so-called “ER stress”. Increasing evidence indicates that ER stress acts as a trigger factor for the development and progression of many kidney diseases. The unfolded protein responses (UPRs), a set of molecular signals that resume proteostasis under ER stress, are thought to restore the adaptive process in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal fibrosis. Furthermore, the idea of targeting UPRs for CKD treatment has been well discussed in the past decade. This review summarizes the up-to-date literature regarding studies on the relationship between the UPRs, systemic fibrosis, and renal diseases. We also address the potential therapeutic possibilities of renal diseases based on the modulation of UPRs and ER proteostasis. Finally, we list some of the current UPR modulators and their therapeutic potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Huang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
| | - Chia-Hsien Wu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
- Department of Physiology of Visceral Function and Body Fluid, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan; (J.-H.C.); (C.-H.W.)
- Department of Integrated Diagnostics & Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10672, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 88347)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Diabetic Nephrology: Regulation, Pathological Role, and Therapeutic Potential. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:7277966. [PMID: 34394833 PMCID: PMC8355967 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7277966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress has been made in understanding the roles and mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the development and pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Hyperglycemia induces ER stress and apoptosis in renal cells. The induction of ER stress can be cytoprotective or cytotoxic. Experimental treatment of animals with ER stress inhibitors alleviated renal damage. Considering these findings, the normalization of ER stress by pharmacological agents is a promising approach to prevent or arrest DN progression. The current article reviews the mechanisms, roles, and therapeutic aspects of these findings.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kour G, Haq SA, Bajaj BK, Gupta PN, Ahmed Z. Phytochemical add-on therapy to DMARDs therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: In vitro and in vivo bases, clinical evidence and future trends. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105618. [PMID: 33878447 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of biologically active compounds derived from plants i.e. phytochemicals, have been known for ages for their pharmacological activities in the treatment of autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Besides enormous scientific evidence, the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals is often undervalued. The treatment in RA involves the use of synthetic and biological disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). However, the long-term treatment in RA is associated with the risk of gastrointestinal, liver, pulmonary and renal toxicities and serious infections including latent tuberculosis, pneumococcus influenza, herpes zoster and hepatitis. These adverse effects sometimes lead to discontinuation of the therapy. A relatively new vision based on the combination of DMARDs with phytochemicals exhibiting anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective properties for the treatment of RA has achieved substantial importance in the last decade. From this perspective, the present review focuses on the combination of DMARDs (primarily MTX) with phytochemicals that have shown synergistic therapeutic effects while decreasing the toxic repercussions of current RA therapy. The review covers recent evidences of such combination studies that have shown promising results both in experimental arthritic models and clinical arthritis. Few of the combinations including resveratrol, sinomenine, coenzyme Q10 exhibited considerable interest because of their efficacy as an adjuvant to the MTX/standard DMARDs therapy in clinical trials. Besides giving an overview of such combination studies the review also critically discusses the limitations with the use of phytochemicals (e.g. solubility, permeability and bioavailability) compromising their clinical application. Additionally, it stresses upon the need of novel delivery systems and pharmaceutical technologies to increase the therapeutic efficacy of the combination therapy. Overall, the review unveils the potential of phytochemicals in combination with DMARDs with increased tolerability and superior efficacy in further refining the future of the RA therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gurleen Kour
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, J&K, India; School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Baba Saheb Ambedkar Road, Jammu Tawi, 180006 J&K, India
| | - Syed Assim Haq
- Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, J&K, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Bijender Kumar Bajaj
- School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Baba Saheb Ambedkar Road, Jammu Tawi, 180006 J&K, India
| | - Prem N Gupta
- Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, J&K, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, J&K, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Qiu N, Wei XM, Zhang ZJ, He YL, Zhou XK, Xiong Y. Asymmetrical dimethylarginine induces dysfunction of insulin signal transduction via endoplasmic reticulum stress in the liver of diabetic rats. Life Sci 2020; 260:118373. [PMID: 32898530 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) as an emerging factor is involved in insulin resistance (IR), which is the pathological basis of diabetes mellitus. Accumulation of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase is associated with IR, but the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. This study was to reveal the important role of ADMA in IR and determine whether endogenous ADMA accumulation contributes to hepatic IR via ERS in diabetic rats and hepatocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetic rat model was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). Phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and protein kinase B (Akt) was detected to evaluate IR. The protein kinase PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α kinase (eIF2α) phosphorylation, x-box binding protein-1 (XBP-1) splicing, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologues protein (CHOP) expressions were measured to assess ERS. KEY FINDINGS Endogenous ADMA content was significantly increased and positively correlated with either IR as evidenced by increased IRS1 at serine and reduced Akt phosphorylation or ERS as indicated by upregulations of PERK and eIF2α phosphorylation, XBP-1 splicing, GRP78 and CHOP expressions in the liver of diabetic rats compared with control rats. Exogenous ADMA directly caused IR and ERS in dose- and time-dependent manners in primary mouse hepatocytes. Pretreatment with ERS inhibitor 4-phenylbutyrate or ADMA antagonist L-arginine not only improved ADMA-associated or -induced hepatic IR but also attenuated ADMA-associated or -induced ERS in diabetic rats or hepatocytes. SIGNIFICANCE These findings indicate that endogenous ADMA accumulation contributes to hepatic IR via ERS in diabetic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Qiu
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510700, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Breast Surgery, Clinical Key Specialty Project of Guangzhou Medical University, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong, PR China; Guangzhou Institute of Snake Venom Research, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xue-Mei Wei
- Guangzhou Institute of Snake Venom Research, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhi-Jie Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Clinical Key Specialty Project of Guangzhou Medical University, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yu-Lian He
- Guangzhou Institute of Snake Venom Research, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xin-Ke Zhou
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510700, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510700, Guangdong, PR China; Guangzhou Institute of Snake Venom Research, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Natural antioxidants' effects on endoplasmic reticulum stress-related diseases. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 138:111229. [PMID: 32105807 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a normal molecular process induced by the over-accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins. ER stress induces the unfolded protein response (UPR), which reduces global protein synthesis, increases ER capacity and protein degradation, to restart ER homeostasis, allowing cell survival. However, the over-induction of UPR can also trigger inflammatory processes, tissue damage and cell death. ER stress is involved in several pathologies, like endothelial dysfunction, diabetes and heart, liver, kidney or neurological diseases. Although the progression of these diseases is the result of several pathological mechanisms, oxidative stress has been widely related to these pathologies. Moreover, ER stress can establish a progressive pathological cycle with oxidative stress. Therefore, the use of natural antioxidants, able to modulate both oxidative and ER stress, can be a new strategy to mitigate these diseases. This review is focused on the effects of natural antioxidant compounds on ER stress in endothelial dysfunction, diabetes and heart, liver, kidney or neurological diseases.
Collapse
|
16
|
Qin T, Wu L, Hua Q, Song Z, Pan Y, Liu T. Prediction of the mechanisms of action of Shenkang in chronic kidney disease: A network pharmacology study and experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 246:112128. [PMID: 31386888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine provides a unique curative treatment of complex chronic diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is not effectively treated with the current therapies. The pharmacological mechanisms of Shenkang (SK), a herbal medicine containing rhubarb (Rheum palmatum L. or R. tanguticum Maxim. ex Balf.), red sage (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), and astragalus (Astragalus mongholicus Bunge), widely used to treat CKD in China, are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, the comprehensive approach used for elucidating the pharmacological mechanisms of SK included the identification of the effective constituents, target prediction and network analysis, by investigating the interacting pathways between these molecules in the context of CKD. These results were validated by performing an in vivo study and by comparison with literature reviews. MATERIALS AND METHODS This approach involved the following main steps: first, we constructed a molecular database for SK and screened for active molecules by conducting drug-likeness and drug half-life evaluations; second, we used a weighted ensemble similarity drug-targeting model to accurately identify the direct drug targets of the bioactive constituents; third, we constructed compound-target, target-pathway, and target-disease networks using the Cytoscape 3.2 software and determined the distribution of the targets in tissues and organs according to the BioGPS database. Finally, the resulting drug-target mechanisms were compared with those proposed by previous research on SK and validated in a mouse model of CKD. RESULTS By using Network analysis, 88 potential bioactive compounds in the four component herbs of SK and 85 CKD-related targets were identified, including pathways that involve the nuclear factor-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase, transient receptor potential, and vascular endothelial growth factor, which were categorized as inflammation, proliferation, migration, and permeability modules. The results also included different tissues (kidneys, liver, lungs, and heart) and different disease types (urogenital, metabolic, endocrine, cardiovascular, and immune diseases as well as pathological processes) closely related to CKD. These findings agreed with those reported in the literature. However, our findings with the network pharmacology prediction did not account for all the effects reported for SK found in the literature, such as regulation of the hemodynamics, inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis, and the involvement of the transforming growth factor-β/SMAD3, sirtuin/forkhead box protein O (SIRT/FOXO) and B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein pathways. The in vivo validation experiment revealed that SK ameliorated CKD through antifibrosis and anti-inflammatory effects, by downregulating the levels of vascular cell adhesion protein 1, vitamin D receptor, cyclooxygenase-2, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 proteins in the unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse model. This was consistent with the predicted target and pathway networks. CONCLUSIONS SK exerted a curative effect on CKD and CKD-related diseases by targeting different organs, regulating inflammation and proliferation processes, and inhibiting abnormal extracellular matrix accumulation. Thus, pharmacological network analysis with in vivo validation explained the potential effects and mechanisms of SK in the treatment of CKD. However, these findings need to be further confirmed with clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Qin
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Lili Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Qian Hua
- Academy of Basic Medicine Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Zilin Song
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yajing Pan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sundar UM, Ugusman A, Chua HK, Latip J, Aminuddin A. Piper sarmentosum Promotes Endothelial Nitric Oxide Production by Reducing Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1033. [PMID: 31607906 PMCID: PMC6758593 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). ADMA is degraded by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH). Elevated levels of ADMA lead to reduction in nitric oxide (NO) production, which is linked to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Piper sarmentosum is an herb that has shown stimulation on endothelial NO production by increasing both expression and activity of eNOS. Thus, this study determined whether the positive effect of P. sarmentosum on NO production is related to its modulation on the DDAH-ADMA pathway in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) exposed to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). HUVEC were divided into four groups: control, treatment with 250 µg/ml of aqueous extract of P. sarmentosum leaves (AEPS), treatment with 30 ng/ml of TNF-α, and concomitant treatment with AEPS and TNF-α for 24 h. After treatments, HUVEC were collected to measure DDAH1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. DDAH1 protein level was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and DDAH enzyme activity was measured using colorimetric assay. ADMA concentration was measured using ELISA, and NO level was measured using Griess assay. Compared to control, TNF-α-treated HUVEC showed reduction in DDAH1 mRNA expression (P < 0.05), DDAH1 protein level (P < 0.01), and DDAH activity (P < 0.05). Treatment with AEPS successfully increased DDAH1 mRNA expression (P < 0.05), DDAH1 protein level (P < 0.01), and DDAH activity (P < 0.05) in TNF-α-treated HUVEC. Treatment with TNF-α caused an increase in ADMA level (P < 0.01) and a decrease in endothelial NO production (P < 0.001). Whereas treatment with AEPS was able to reduce ADMA level (P < 0.01) and restore NO (P < 0.001) in TNF-α-treated HUVEC. The results suggested that AEPS promotes endothelial NO production by stimulating DDAH activity and thus reducing ADMA level in TNF-α-treated HUVEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uma Mahgesswary Sundar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azizah Ugusman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Kien Chua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jalifah Latip
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences & Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Amilia Aminuddin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shakeri A, Zirak MR, Wallace Hayes A, Reiter R, Karimi G. Curcumin and its analogues protect from endoplasmic reticulum stress: Mechanisms and pathways. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146:104335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
19
|
Pharmacological Effect of Quercetin in Hypertension and Its Potential Application in Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: Review of In Vitro, In Vivo, and Clinical Studies. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:7421489. [PMID: 30622610 PMCID: PMC6304490 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7421489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Since improving maternal and child health is a public health priority worldwide, the main aim of treatment of hypertension in pregnant women is to prevent complications during pregnancy, labor, and postpartum. In consequence, much attention is paid to the use of antihypertensive drugs that can be used safely during pregnancy. Several side effects of methyldopa, which is currently the most commonly used antihypertensive drug in pregnant women, mean that the search for an effective and safe alternative still continues. Flavonoid compounds present in medicinal plants, vegetables, and fruits may be a promising source of new drugs. In this aspect, quercetin, a well-known flavonoid due to its antihypertensive action, may be considered a prototype for safe antihypertensive drugs. This review focuses on the selective activity of quercetin. Based on recent studies, a few problems were discussed, including (1) pathology of pregnancy-induced hypertension; (2) search for new pharmacological treatments of pregnancy-induced hypertension; (3) issues with the use of herbal extracts during pregnancy; (4) flavonoids as natural active chemical compounds; (5) quercetin: its action during pregnancy, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities, clinical trials, and meta-analysis; (6) quercetin intake during pregnancy; (7) other natural compounds tested during pregnancy; (8) potential problems with the use of quercetin; (9) safety profile of quercetin. Various studies have shown a beneficial effect of quercetin on vascular endothelial function and its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity on cellular and tissue level. It is known that in animal models quercetin affects positively the development of embryo, fetus, and placenta. Because this flavonoid did not have teratogenic and abortive effect, it is generally recognized as safe. For this reason it should be appreciated and studied in the aspect of its potential use in the prevention and treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension among women in this risk group.
Collapse
|
20
|
Pandey VK, Mathur A, Kakkar P. Emerging role of Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) mediated proteotoxic apoptosis in diabetes. Life Sci 2018; 216:246-258. [PMID: 30471281 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a crucial single membrane organelle that acts as a quality control system for cellular proteins as it is intricately involved in their synthesis, folding and trafficking to the respective targets. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by enhanced blood glucose level that promotes insulin resistance and hampers cellular glucose metabolism. Hyperglycemia provokes mitochondrial ROS production and glycation of proteins which exert a tremendous load on ER for conventional refolding of misfolded/unfolded and nascent proteins that perturb ER homeostasis resulting in apoptotic cell death. Impairment in ER functions is suspected to be through specific ER membrane-bound proteins known as Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) sensor proteins. Conformational changes in these proteins induce oligomerization and cross-autophosphorylation which facilitate processes required for the restoration of ER homeostatic imbalance. Multiple studies have reported the involvement of UPR mediated autophagy and apoptotic pathways in the progression of metabolic disorders including diabetes, cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury and hypoxia-mediated cell death. In this review, the involvement of UPR pathways in the progression of diabetes associated complications have been addressed, which underscores molecular crosstalks during neuropathy, nephropathy, hepatic injury and retinopathy. A better understanding of these molecular interventions may reveal advanced therapeutic approaches for preventing diabetic comorbidities. The article also highlights the importance of phytochemicals that are emerging as novel ER stress inhibitors and are being explored for targeted interaction in preventing cell death responses during diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Pandey
- Herbal Research Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan 31, M.G Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alpana Mathur
- Herbal Research Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan 31, M.G Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Poonam Kakkar
- Herbal Research Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan 31, M.G Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang N, Li P, Pan J, Wang M, Long M, Zang J, Yang S. Bacillus velezensis A2 fermentation exerts a protective effect on renal injury induced by Zearalenone in mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13646. [PMID: 30206282 PMCID: PMC6133983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is an estrogen-like mycotoxin occurring in food and feeds, and it can cause oxidative damage and apoptosis in the testis, liver, and kidney. A current concern for researchers is how to reduce the harm it causes to humans and animals. In this study, our aim was to isolate and identify a novel and efficient ZEN-detoxifying strain of bacteria, and we aimed to assess the protective effect of the isolated strain on kidney damage caused by ZEN in mice. Our results indicated that a strain of Bacillus velezensis (B. velezensis), named A2, could completely degrade ZEN (7.45 μg/mL) after three days of incubation at 37 °C in the Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. This fermentation broth of the B. velezensis A2 strain was given to mice. The histopathological analysis indicated that the fermentation broth from the B. velezensis A2 strain reduced the degree of renal injury that is induced by ZEN. Furthermore, it greatly reduced the increase in serum levels of creatinine (CRE), uric acid (UA), and urea nitrogen (BUN) caused by ZEN. In addition, B. velezensis A2 strain also significantly inhibited the increase of malonaldehyde (MDA) content, and reversed the decreases of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities caused by ZEN. Studies have shown that ZEN is involved in the regulation of mRNA and protein levels of genes involved in the ER stress-induced apoptotic pathway, such as heavy chain binding protein (BIP), C-/-EBP homologous protein (CHOP), cysteine Aspartate-specific protease-12 (Caspase-12), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and BCL2-related X protein (Bcl-2 and Bax). However, when mice were administered the fermentation broth of the B. velezensis A2 strain, it significantly reversed the expressions of these genes in their kidney tissue. In conclusion, our results indicate that the newly identified strain of B. velezensis A2, has a protective effect from renal injury induced by ZEN in mice. This strain has a potential application in the detoxification of ZEN in feed and protects animals from ZEN poisoning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Jiawen Pan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Miao Long
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Jian Zang
- Testing& Analysis Center, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Shuhua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wu L, Liu H, Li L, Xu D, Gao Y, Guan Y, Chen Q. 5,7,3',4'-Tetramethoxyflavone protects chondrocytes from ER stress-induced apoptosis through regulation of the IRE1α pathway. Connect Tissue Res 2018; 59:157-166. [PMID: 28436754 PMCID: PMC6104397 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2017.1321639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the roles of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane sensor inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE1)α signaling in ER stress-induced chondrocyte apoptosis, and to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying chondroprotective activity of 5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone (TMF) from Murraya exotica. MATERIALS AND METHODS IRE1α was knocked down by siRNA transfection in chondrocytes, which were harvested from rats' knee cartilages. Chondrocytes with IRE1α deficiency were administrated with tunicamycin (TM) and TMF. Chondrocyte apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry and DAPI/TUNEL staining. Expression of mRNA and proteins was quantified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western-blot, respectively. RESULTS IRE1α deficiency significantly increased the rate of TM-induced chondrocyte apoptosis, down-regulated the expression of pro-survival factors XBP1S and Bcl-2, and up-regulated pro-apoptotic factors CHOP, p-JNK, and caspase-3. TMF suppressed TM-induced chondrocyte apoptosis by activating the expression of IRE1α, which reversed the expression patterns of downstream pro-survival and pro-apoptotic factors due to IRE1α deficiency. CONCLUSION The mechanism of TMF in protecting chondrocytes against ER stress-induced apoptosis might be associated with regulating the activity of ER sensor IRE1α and its downstream pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longhuo Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA;,College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Haiqing Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA;,College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Linfu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Daohua Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA;,Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yingjie Guan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li XM, Liu J, Pan FF, Shi DD, Wen ZG, Yang PL. Quercetin and aconitine synergistically induces the human cervical carcinoma HeLa cell apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191062. [PMID: 29324796 PMCID: PMC5764366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Up till now, studies have not been conducted on how the combination of Quercetin (Q), Aconitine (A) and apoptosis induction affects human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. The result of our findings shows that the combination of Q and A (QA) is capable of synergistically inhibiting the proliferation of HeLa cells in a number of concentrations. QA synergistically inhibits the proliferation of MDR1 gene in the HeLa cells. It is concluded based on our result that QA induces apoptosis and ER stress just as QA-induced ER stress pathway may mediate apoptosis by upregulating mRNA expression levels of eIF2α, ATF4, IRE1, XBP1, ATF6, PERK and CHOP in the HeLa cells. The up-regulating of mRNA expression level of GRP78 and activation of UPR are a molecular basis of QA-induced ER stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang-Fang Pan
- Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong-Dong Shi
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Wen
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Suganya N, Mani KP, Sireesh D, Rajaguru P, Vairamani M, Suresh T, Suzuki T, Chatterjee S, Ramkumar KM. Establishment of pancreatic microenvironment model of ER stress: Quercetin attenuates β-cell apoptosis by invoking nitric oxide-cGMP signaling in endothelial cells. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 55:142-156. [PMID: 29455095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in endothelial dysfunction and diabetes-associated complications has been well documented. Inhibition of ER stress represents a promising therapeutic strategy to attenuate endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. Recent attention has focused on the development of small molecule inhibitors of ER stress to maintain endothelial homeostasis in diabetes. Here we have developed a reliable, robust co-culture system that allows a study on the endothelial cells and pancreatic β-cells crosstalk under ER stress and validated using a known ER stress modulator, quercetin. Furthermore, sensitizing of endothelial cells by quercetin (25 μM) confers protection of pancreatic β-cells against ER stress through nitric oxide (NO∙) signaling. In addition, increased intracellular insulin and NO∙-mediated cyclic 3',5'-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in pancreatic β-cells further confirmed the mechanism of protection under co-culture system. In addition, the potential protein targets of quercetin against ER stress in the endothelial cells were investigated through proteomic profiling and its phosphoprotein targets through Bioplex analysis. On the whole, the developed in vitro co-culture set up can serve as a platform to study the signaling network between the endothelial and pancreatic β-cells as well as provides a mechanistic insight for the validation of novel ER stress modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Suganya
- SRM Research Institute, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai - 603 203, India
| | - Krishna Priya Mani
- Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chromepet, Chennai - 600 044, India
| | - Dornadula Sireesh
- SRM Research Institute, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai - 603 203, India
| | - Palanisamy Rajaguru
- Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, India
| | | | - Thiruppathi Suresh
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Suvro Chatterjee
- Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chromepet, Chennai - 600 044, India; Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Guo W, Diao Z, Liu W. Asymmetric dimethylarginine downregulates sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium‑ATPase 3 and induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7541-7547. [PMID: 28944875 PMCID: PMC5865888 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Endothelial cell injury and apoptosis may promote atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The present study investigated the potential mechanisms of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)‑induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). It was demonstrated that ADMA decreased B‑cell lymphoma‑2 expression and increased cleaved‑caspase‑3 expression. Furthermore, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)‑mediated‑digoxigenin‑11‑dUTP nick end labeling results indicated that ADMA induced apoptosis in HUVECs. These results suggest a potential mechanism of ADMA‑induced endothelial cell injury. It was also verified that ADMA induced the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase RNA‑like ER kinase, inositol requiring enzyme‑1, C/EBP homologous protein and glucose‑regulated protein, indicating activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. Impaired function of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium‑ATPase (SERCA) is considered a major contributor to ER stress. It was demonstrated that ADMA induced a significant downregulation of SERCA3, however not SERCA2b. Overall, the results indicated that ADMA induced apoptosis in HUVECs, and that this effect was closely associated with induction of ER stress and decreased SERCA3 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Zongli Diao
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Wenhu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ke B, Zhu N, Luo F, Xu Y, Fang X. Targeted inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress: New hope for renal fibrosis (Review). Mol Med Rep 2017. [PMID: 28627612 PMCID: PMC5562070 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a very high mortality rate and remains a global health challenge. Inhibiting renal fibrosis is one of the most promising therapeutic strategies for CKD. Recent studies have indicated that endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) serves an active role in the development of acute and chronic kidney disease, especially with regards to renal fibrosis. In the current review, the authors summarize the latest understanding of the role of ERS during the onset of renal fibrosis. ERS promotes renal fibrosis through multiple signaling pathways, such as transforming growth factor-β, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and oxidative stress. In addition, ERS also causes podocyte damage, leading to increased proteinuria and the development of renal fibrosis in rat models. In conclusion, targeted inhibition of ERS may become a promising therapeutic strategy for renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Ke
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330009, P.R. China
| | - Na Zhu
- Nanchang University School of Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Fuli Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese Medicine Hospital in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdong Fang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Induced Apoptosis and Dysfunction of Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:6395601. [PMID: 28589144 PMCID: PMC5446863 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6395601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, is a novel risk factor of cardiovascular disease. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) bear typical endothelial characteristics and are thought to contribute to neovascularization by providing new endothelial cells (ECs) after arterial injury. Many studies have shown that ADMA can induce EPC apoptosis and dysfunction, but the underlying mechanism is not well understood. EPCs from umbilical cord blood were cultured in EGM-2 medium with particular growth factors and supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. The cells were treated with different concentrations of ADMA (5, 10, and 50 μmol/L). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker levels were examined by western blot analysis. After 24-hour incubation, ADMA induced apoptosis of EPCs and significantly decreased the proliferation, migration, and vasculogenesis capacity of EPCs. We also found that ADMA treatment activated phosphorylated protein kinase RNA-activated-like ER kinase (PERK), a stress sensor protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The activated PERK induced 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP-78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression. Additionally, the inhibition of the ER stress pathway by Salubrinal (a specific ER stress inhibitor) can attenuate ADMA-induced apoptosis of EPCs. Overall, these observations indicate that ADMA may induce the apoptosis and dysfunction of EPCs through the ER stress pathway.
Collapse
|
28
|
Li T, Feng R, Zhao C, Wang Y, Wang J, Liu S, Cao J, Wang H, Wang T, Guo Y, Lu Z. Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase 1 Protects Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance in Mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:598-609. [PMID: 27565538 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS High plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, are associated with hepatic dysfunction in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, it is unknown whether ADMA is involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) is an enzyme that degrades ADMA. In this study, we used Ddah1-/- mice to investigate the effects of the ADMA/DDAH1 pathway on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis. RESULTS After HFD feeding for 20 weeks, Ddah1-/- mice were more obese and had developed more severe hepatic steatosis and worse insulin resistance compared with wild-type (WT) mice. In the livers of HFD-fed mice, loss of DDAH1 resulted in higher levels of lipogenic genes, lower expression of β-oxidation genes, and greater induction of oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammation than in the WT livers. Furthermore, ADMA treatment in HepG2 cells led to oxidative stress and steatosis, whereas overexpression of DDAH1 attenuated palmitic acid-induced steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Innovation and Conclusion: Our results provide the first direct evidence that the ADMA/DDAH1 pathway has a marked effect on hepatic lipogenesis and steatosis induced by HFD feeding. Our findings suggest that strategies to increase DDAH1 activity in hepatocytes may provide a novel approach to attenuate NAFLD development. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 598-609.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianhe Li
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Run Feng
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Cao
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Hongyun Wang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| | - Zhongbing Lu
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
TMF protects chondrocytes from ER stress-induced apoptosis by down-regulating GSK-3β. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:1262-1268. [PMID: 28320093 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced chondrocyte apoptosis plays a critical role in osteoarthritis cartilage degeneration. Previous studies showed that 5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone (TMF) exhibited chondroprotective activity through inhibiting PGE2-induced ER stress and down regulating the expression of GSK-3β. To further investigate the role of GSK-3β in ER stress-induced chondrocytes apoptosis and the protective role of TMF, GSK-3β siRNA and pcDNA3.1-myc-GSK-3β were employed to knock down and overexpress GSK-3β, respectively, in chondrocytes. Results showed that TM-induced ER stress significantly promoted chondrocytes apoptosis. These could be effectively reversed by GSK-3β deficiency, while GSK-3β overexpression significantly up regulated ER stress and increased chondrocytes apoptosis. In addition, TMF down regulated the expression of GSK-3β and inhibited ER stress-induced chondrocytes apoptosis. Collectively, TMF is a potential natural compound with chondroprotective property through inhibition of ER stress-induced apoptosis with down regulation of GSK-3β.
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a major role in the development and progression of DN. Recent findings suggested that many attributes of DN, such as hyperglycemia, proteinuria, and increased advanced glycation end products and free fatty acids, can all trigger unfolded protein response (UPR) in kidney cells. Herein, we review the current knowledge on the role of ER stress in the setting of kidney injury with a specific emphasis on DN. RECENT FINDINGS As maladaptive ER stress response caused by excessively prolonged UPR will eventually cause cell death and increase kidney injury, several ER stress inhibitors have been shown to improve DN in animal models, albeit blocking both adaptive and maladaptive UPR. More recently, reticulon-1A (RTN1A), an ER-associated protein, was shown to be increased in both human and mouse diabetic kidneys. Its expression correlates with the progression of DN, and its polymorphisms are associated with kidney disease in people with diabetes. Increased RTN1A expression heightened the ER stress response and renal cell apoptosis, and conversely reduced RTN1A in renal cells decreased apoptosis and ameliorated kidney injury and DN progression, suggesting that RTN1A may be a novel target to specifically restrain the maladaptive UPR. These findings suggest that ER stress response in renal cells is a key driver of progression of DN and that the inhibition of the unchecked ER stress response in DN, such as by inhibition of RTN1A function, may be a promising therapeutic approach against DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kyung Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, Box 1243, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Niansong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - John Cijiang He
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, Box 1243, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Renal Section, James J Peters VAMC, Bronx, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
The Natural Occurring Compounds Targeting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7831282. [PMID: 27563337 PMCID: PMC4987485 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7831282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ER stress has been implicated in pathophysiological development of many diseases. Persistent overwhelming stimuli trigger ER stress to initiate apoptosis, autophagy, and cell death. IRE1-JNK and eIF2α-CHOP signaling pathways are the two important players of ER stress, which is also modulated by ROS production, calcium disturbance, and inflammatory factors. ER stress has been developed as a novel strategy for diseases management. Recently, a vast of research focuses on the natural occurring compounds targeting ER stress, which results in medical benefits to human diseases. These small reported molecules mainly include polyphenols, alkaloids, and saponins. Many of them have been developed for use in clinical applications. To better understand the pharmacological mechanism of these molecules in ER stress in diseases, efforts have been made to discover and deliver medical merits. In this paper, we will summarize the natural occurring compounds targeting ER stress.
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu H, Cao D, Liu H, Liu X, Mai W, Lan H, Huo W, Zheng Q. The Herbal Medicine Cordyceps sinensis Protects Pancreatic Beta Cells from Streptozotocin-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Can J Diabetes 2016; 40:329-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
33
|
Groenendyk J, Lee D, Jung J, Dyck JRB, Lopaschuk GD, Agellon LB, Michalak M. Inhibition of the Unfolded Protein Response Mechanism Prevents Cardiac Fibrosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159682. [PMID: 27441395 PMCID: PMC4956237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac fibrosis attributed to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins is a major cause of heart failure and death. Cardiac fibrosis is extremely difficult and challenging to treat in a clinical setting due to lack of understanding of molecular mechanisms leading to cardiac fibrosis and effective anti-fibrotic therapies. The objective in this study was to examine whether unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway mediates cardiac fibrosis and whether a pharmacological intervention to modulate UPR can prevent cardiac fibrosis and preserve heart function. Methodology/Principal Findings We demonstrate here that the mechanism leading to development of fibrosis in a mouse with increased expression of calreticulin, a model of heart failure, stems from impairment of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis, transient activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway and stimulation of the TGFβ1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Remarkably, sustained pharmacologic inhibition of the UPR pathway by tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is sufficient to prevent cardiac fibrosis, and improved exercise tolerance. Conclusions We show that the mechanism leading to development of fibrosis in a mouse model of heart failure stems from transient activation of UPR pathway leading to persistent remodelling of cardiac tissue. Blocking the activation of the transiently activated UPR pathway by TUDCA prevented cardiac fibrosis, and improved prognosis. These findings offer a window for additional interventions that can preserve heart function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jody Groenendyk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Dukgyu Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
- School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Joanna Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Jason R. B. Dyck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Gary D. Lopaschuk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Luis B. Agellon
- School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
- * E-mail: (MM); (LBA)
| | - Marek Michalak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
- * E-mail: (MM); (LBA)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Musso G, Cassader M, Cohney S, Pinach S, Saba F, Gambino R. Emerging Liver-Kidney Interactions in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Trends Mol Med 2016; 21:645-662. [PMID: 26432021 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence connects non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to chronic kidney disease (CKD). We review emerging mechanistic links between NAFLD and CKD, including altered activation of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-2, nutrient/energy sensors sirtuin-1 and AMP-activated kinase, as well as impaired antioxidant defense mediated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2). Dietary fructose excess may also contribute to NAFLD and CKD. NAFLD affects renal injury through lipoprotein dysmetabolism and altered secretion of the hepatokines fibroblast growth factor-21, fetuin-A, insulin-like growth factor-1, and syndecan-1. CKD may mutually aggravate NAFLD and associated metabolic disturbances through altered intestinal barrier function and microbiota composition, the accumulation of uremic toxic metabolites, and alterations in pre-receptor glucocorticoid metabolism. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for the treatment of NAFLD and CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurizio Cassader
- Department of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Solomon Cohney
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne and Western Hospital, Victoria, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Silvia Pinach
- Department of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Saba
- Department of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambino
- Department of Medical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Park MJ, Oh KS, Nho JH, Kim GY, Kim DI. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) treatment induces apoptosis in cultured rat mesangial cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress activation. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:662-70. [PMID: 26992443 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a high risk factor for endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease (CVD), has been reported to promote cellular dysfunction via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation in various cells. Additionally, increased serum ADMA levels have been observed in incipient kidney diseases. Previously, we reported that activated ER stress is associated with mesangial cell apoptosis, observed mainly in overt nephropathy or chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the effect of ADMA on mesangial cell apoptosis is unknown. Thus, we investigated the effects of ADMA on mesangial cell apoptosis and ER stress signaling. ADMA treatment increased caspase-3 activity and activated three branches of ER stress signaling (PERK, IRE1, and ATF6) that induce mesangial cell apoptosis. Pharmacological inhibitors of ER stress (inhibitors of PERK, IRE1, and S1P) attenuated ADMA-induced cleavage of caspase-3 and induced a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, these inhibitors diminished the number of apoptotic cells induced by ADMA treatment. Taken together, our results indicated that ADMA treatment induces mesangial cell apoptosis via ER stress signaling. These results suggest that ADMA-induced mesangial cell apoptosis could contribute to the progression of overt nephropathy and CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jung Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ki-Seok Oh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Nho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea
| | - Gye-Yeop Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Dongshin University, Naju, 520-714, Korea
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea.,Life Science Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate Inhibits Asymmetric Dimethylarginine-Induced Injury in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:1868-76. [PMID: 27038929 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the main polyphenol component of green tea (leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant). EGCG has been reported to protect human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) against injury in several models. However, the exact mechanism is still unclear. In the current study we found that EGCG protected against asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)-induced HBMEC injury, and inhibited ADMA-induced reactive oxygen species production and malondialdehyde expression. At the same time, we found that pretreatment with EGCG attenuated the upregulation of Bax and the downregulation of Bcl-2, thus confirming the cellular protective properties of EGCG against ADMA-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that EGCG inhibited ADMA-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p-38, whose inhibitors relieved HBMEC injury. In conclusion, EGCG can protect against ADMA-induced HBMEC injury via the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways, which are involved in the underlying mechanisms of HBMEC injury in cerebral infarction.
Collapse
|
37
|
Lee M, Son M, Ryu E, Shin YS, Kim JG, Kang BW, Cho H, Kang H. Quercetin-induced apoptosis prevents EBV infection. Oncotarget 2016; 6:12603-24. [PMID: 26059439 PMCID: PMC4494961 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human gamma-1 herpesvirus that establishes a lifelong latency in over 90% of the world's population. During latency, virus exists predominantly as a chromatin-associated, multicopy episome in the nuclei of a variety of tumor cells derived from B cells, T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and epithelial cells. Licorice is the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis or G. glabra that has traditionally cultivated in eastern part of Asia. Licorice was reported to have anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-atopic, hepatoprotective, anti-neurodegenerative, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic effects and so forth. Quercetin and isoliquiritigenin are produced from licorice and highly similar in molecular structure. They have diverse bioactive effects such as antiviral activity, anti-asthmatic activity, anti-cancer activity, anti-inflammation activity, monoamine-oxidase inhibitor, and etc. To determine anti-EBV and anti-EBVaGC (Epstein-Barr virus associated gastric carcinoma) effects of licorice, we investigated antitumor and antiviral effects of quercetin and isoliquiritigenin against EBVaGC. Although both quercetin and isoliquiritigenin are cytotoxic to SNU719 cells, quercetin induced more apoptosis in SNU719 cells than isoliquiritigenin, more completely eliminated DNMT1 and DNMT3A expressions than isoliquiritigenin, and more strongly affects the cell cycle progression of SNU719 than isoliquiritigenin. Both quercetin and isoliquiritigenin induce signal transductions to stimulate apoptosis, and induce EBV gene transcription. Quercetin enhances frequency of F promoter use, whereas isoliquiritigenin enhances frequency of Q promoter use. Quercetin reduces EBV latency, whereas isoliquiritigenin increases the latency. Quercetin increases more the EBV progeny production, and inhibits more EBV infection than isoliquiritigenin. These results indicate that quercetin could be a promising candidate for antiviral and antitumor agents against EBV and human gastric carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoungki Son
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhyun Ryu
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Su Shin
- Department of Medicinal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Gwang Kim
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Woog Kang
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosun Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojeung Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zheng J, Wu J, Chen J, Liu J, Lu Y, Huang C, Hu G, Wang X, Zeng Y. Therapeutic effects of quercetin on early inflammation in hypertriglyceridemia-related acute pancreatitis and its mechanism. Pancreatology 2016; 16:200-10. [PMID: 26873426 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effects of quercetin on early-stage inflammation in hypertriglyceridemia (HTG)-related acute pancreatitis (AP) both in vivo and in vitro, and its possible mechanism. METHODS In vivo, rats were fed a high-fat diet to induce HTG, and AP was induced by intraperitoneal injection of cerulein (50 μg/kg × 2). Quercetin (100, 150 and 200 mg/kg) was administered by intraperitoneal injection after AP induction. In vitro, rat exocrine acinar cells were preincubated with palmitic acid (PA, 0.1 mmol/L, 6 h) with quercetin (5, 10, 20 and 40 μM) prior to a cholecystokinin analog CCK-8 (20pM). Injury of the pancreas was assessed by amylase secretion and pancreatic histological evaluation. Inflammation was estimated by measuring IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα and NF-kB expression. Dynamic expression of IRE1α, sXBP1, C/EBPα and C/EBPβ was monitored by real-time PCR, immunofluorescence (IF) and western blot (WB). RESULTS Quercetin intervention reduced plasma amylase level (P < 0.001) in a dose-dependent manner, attenuated pancreatic histopathological damage (P < 0.05), and reduced the mRNA and protein expression of NF-kB, IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα (P < 0.05) more significantly in HTG-related AP rats than in normal-lipid AP rats. Quercetin also down-regulated gene and protein expression levels of IRE1α, sXBP1, C/EBPα and C/EBPβ in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin attenuates early-stage inflammation in HTG-related AP, probably by reducing IRE1α, sXBP1, C/EBPα and C/EBPβ expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JunYuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - JiangHong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - YingYing Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - ChunLan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - GuoYong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - XingPeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhen JY, Zeng Y, Wu JH, Chen J, Liu J. Effect of different doses of quercetin on pancreatic pathology in rats with hypertriglyceridemia related acute pancreatitis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:3195-3202. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i20.3195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of different doses of quercetin on the pancreatic pathology in rats with cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) associated with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG).
METHODS: Seventy-two male SD rats were randomly divided into 12 groups: HTG group (n = 6, fed a high-fat diet for 2 wk: 77% normal chow + 3% cholesterol + 20% lard), HTG + AP group (n = 6, after 2 wk of a high-fat diet, AP was induced by peritoneal injection of 50 μg/kg cerulein twice at 1-h interval), HTG + AP + quercetin groups [n = 24, divided into 4 groups (6 rats each), quercetin (50, 100, 150, 200 mg/kg) was administered to rats by peritoneal injection after AP induction], normal blood lipid group (n = 6, fed normal chow for 2 wk), normal blood lipid + AP group (n = 6, after 2 wk of normal chow, AP was induced by peritoneal injection of 50 μg/kg cerulein twice at 1-h interval), normal blood lipid + AP + quercetin groups [n = 24, divided into 4 groups (6 rats each), quercetin (50, 100, 150, 200 mg/kg) was administered to rats by peritoneal injection after AP induction]. All rats were sacrificed 9 h after AP induction. Plasma levels of amylase were tested and the pathological changes of pancreatic tissues were observed.
RESULTS: After two weeks of a high-fat diet, serum levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol were much higher than those in rats given normal chow (P < 0.001). Compared with the normal blood lipid + AP group, plasma level of amylase was significantly higher (23670.00 U/L ± 2053.13 U/L vs 13136.00 U/L ± 3536.95 U/L) and pancreatic tissue injury was significantly more serious in the HTG + AP group (9.75 ± 0.94 vs 5.92 ± 1.32) (P = 0.022; P < 0.001). Quercetin intervention groups showed significantly lower levels of amylase and less serious pancreatic tissue injury; the effect was dose-dependent. This protective effect of quercetin was more obvious in the HTG + AP group than in the AP group (HTG + AP + 100, 150, 200 mg/kg quercetin group vs HTG + AP group total histopathological scores: P < 0.001 for all; normal blood lipid + AP + 100, 150, 200 mg/kg quercetin group vs normal blood lipid + AP group total histopathological scores: P = 0.084, P = 0.003, P < 0.001), particularly in acinar necrosis and inflammatory infiltration (HTG + AP + 100, 150, 200 mg/kg quercetin group vs HTG + AP group necrosis score: P < 0.001 for all; inflammatory infiltration: P = 0.008, P = 0.006, P = 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Quercetin could significantly ameliorate the pancreatic pathology in rats with HTG related AP, especially acinar necrosis and inflammatory infiltration. The protective effect is dose-dependent.
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Leng YP, Qiu N, Fang WJ, Zhang M, He ZM, Xiong Y. Involvement of increased endogenous asymmetric dimethylarginine in the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress of type 2 diabetic rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97125. [PMID: 24918756 PMCID: PMC4053342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Increasing evidence suggested that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to insulin resistance, which plays an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Accumulation of endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), is associated with insulin resistance, T2DM, and diabetic cardiovascular complications, although the mechanisms have not been elucidated. This study was to determine whether elevated endogenous ADMA is involved in hepatic ER stress of type 2 diabetic rats, verify their causal relationship, and elucidate the potential mechanism underlying ADMA induced ER stress in rat hepatocytes. Methods Immunoglobulin binding protein (Bip) transcription, eukaryotic initiation factor 2α kinase (eIF2α) phosphorylation, X box-binding protein-1 (XBP-1) mRNA splicing and C/EBP homologues protein (CHOP) expression were measured to reflect ER stress. Contents of ADMA and nitrite/nitrate as well as activities or expression of NOS and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) were detected to show the changes in DDAH/ADMA/NOS/NO pathway. The lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde content and antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase activity were analyzed to evaluate oxidative stress. Results ER stress was provoked in the liver of type 2 diabetic rats, as expressed by increases of Bip transcription, eIF2α phosphorylation, XBP-1 splicing and CHOP expression, all of which were in parallel with the elevation of serum ADMA, suppression of NO generation, NOS and DDAH activities in the liver. Exposure of hepatocytes to ADMA or hydrogen peroxide also induced ER stress, which was associated with the inhibition of NO production and increase of oxidative stress. Treatment of hepatocytes with antioxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate not only decreased ADMA-induced oxidative stress and inhibition of NO production but also reduced ADMA-triggered ER stress. Conclusions These results indicate that increased endogenous ADMA contributes to hepatic ER stress in type 2 diabetic rats, and the mechanism underlying ADMA-induced ER stress may relate to oxidative stress via NOS uncoupling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Leng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ni Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Research Institute of Snake Venom and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wei-jin Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Research Institute of Snake Venom and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Research Institute of Snake Venom and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Min He
- Cancer Research Institute and Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Research Institute of Snake Venom and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|