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Sun HJ, Lu QB, Zhu XX, Ni ZR, Su JB, Fu X, Chen G, Zheng GL, Nie XW, Bian JS. Pharmacology of Hydrogen Sulfide and Its Donors in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:846-895. [PMID: 38866561 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are major contributors to global mortality, emphasizing the critical need for novel therapeutic interventions. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has garnered enormous attention as a significant gasotransmitter with various physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological impacts within mammalian cardiometabolic systems. In addition to its roles in attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response, burgeoning research emphasizes the significance of H2S in regulating proteins via persulfidation, a well known modification intricately associated with the pathogenesis of CMDs. This review seeks to investigate recent updates on the physiological actions of endogenous H2S and the pharmacological roles of various H2S donors in addressing diverse aspects of CMDs across cellular, animal, and clinical studies. Of note, advanced methodologies, including multiomics, intestinal microflora analysis, organoid, and single-cell sequencing techniques, are gaining traction due to their ability to offer comprehensive insights into biomedical research. These emerging approaches hold promise in characterizing the pharmacological roles of H2S in health and diseases. We will critically assess the current literature to clarify the roles of H2S in diseases while also delineating the opportunities and challenges they present in H2S-based pharmacotherapy for CMDs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This comprehensive review covers recent developments in H2S biology and pharmacology in cardiometabolic diseases CMDs. Endogenous H2S and its donors show great promise for the management of CMDs by regulating numerous proteins and signaling pathways. The emergence of new technologies will considerably advance the pharmacological research and clinical translation of H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Qing-Bo Lu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xue-Xue Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Zhang-Rong Ni
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Jia-Bao Su
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xiao Fu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Guo Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Guan-Li Zheng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xiao-Wei Nie
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
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Majumder A. Targeting Homocysteine and Hydrogen Sulfide Balance as Future Therapeutics in Cancer Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1520. [PMID: 37627515 PMCID: PMC10451792 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A high level of homocysteine (Hcy) is associated with oxidative/ER stress, apoptosis, and impairment of angiogenesis, whereas hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been found to reverse this condition. Recent studies have shown that cancer cells need to produce a high level of endogenous H2S to maintain cell proliferation, growth, viability, and migration. However, any novel mechanism that targets this balance of Hcy and H2S production has yet to be discovered or exploited. Cells require homocysteine metabolism via the methionine cycle for nucleotide synthesis, methylation, and reductive metabolism, and this pathway supports the high proliferative rate of cancer cells. Although the methionine cycle favors cancer cells for their survival and growth, this metabolism produces a massive amount of toxic Hcy that somehow cancer cells handle very well. Recently, research showed specific pathways important for balancing the antioxidative defense through H2S production in cancer cells. This review discusses the relationship between Hcy metabolism and the antiapoptotic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic effects of H2S in different cancer types. It also summarizes the historical understanding of targeting antioxidative defense systems, angiogenesis, and other protective mechanisms of cancer cells and the role of H2S production in the genesis, progression, and metastasis of cancer. This review defines a nexus of diet and precision medicine in targeting the delicate antioxidative system of cancer and explores possible future therapeutics that could exploit the Hcy and H2S balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Majumder
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Garibotto G, Picciotto D, Verzola D, Valli A, Sofia A, Costigliolo F, Saio M, Viazzi F, Esposito P. Homocysteine exchange across skeletal muscle in patients with chronic kidney disease. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15573. [PMID: 36945836 PMCID: PMC10031238 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sites and mechanisms regulating the supply of homocysteine (Hcy) to the circulation are unexplored in humans. We studied the exchange of Hcy across the forearm in CKD patients (n = 17, eGFR 20 ± 2 ml/min), in hemodialysis (HD)-treated patients (n = 14) and controls (n = 9). Arterial Hcy was ~ 2.5 folds increased in CKD and HD patients (p < 0.05-0.03 vs. controls). Both in controls and in patients Hcy levels in the deep forearm vein were consistently greater (+~7%, p < 0.05-0.01) than the corresponding arterial levels, indicating the occurrence of Hcy release from muscle. The release of Hcy from the forearm was similar among groups. In all groups arterial Hcy varied with its release from muscle (p < 0.03-0.02), suggesting that muscle plays an important role on plasma Hcy levels. Forearm Hcy release was inversely related to folate plasma level in all study groups but neither to vitamin B12 and IL-6 levels nor to muscle protein net balance. These data indicate that the release of Hcy from peripheral tissue metabolism plays a major role in influencing its Hcy plasma levels in humans and patients with CKD, and that folate is a major determinant of Hcy release.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Picciotto
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Daniela Verzola
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of GenovaGenovaItaly
| | - Alessando Valli
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of GenovaGenovaItaly
| | - Antonella Sofia
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Francesca Costigliolo
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Michela Saio
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Francesca Viazzi
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of GenovaGenovaItaly
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
| | - Pasquale Esposito
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of GenovaGenovaItaly
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoaItaly
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4
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Mposhi A, Liang L, Mennega KP, Yildiz D, Kampert C, Hof IH, Jellema PG, de Koning TJ, Faber KN, Ruiters MHJ, Niezen-Koning KE, Rots MG. The Mitochondrial Epigenome: An Unexplored Avenue to Explain Unexplained Myopathies? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042197. [PMID: 35216315 PMCID: PMC8879787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in either mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear genes that encode mitochondrial proteins may lead to dysfunctional mitochondria, giving rise to mitochondrial diseases. Some mitochondrial myopathies, however, present without a known underlying cause. Interestingly, methylation of mtDNA has been associated with various clinical pathologies. The present study set out to assess whether mtDNA methylation could explain impaired mitochondrial function in patients diagnosed with myopathy without known underlying genetic mutations. Enhanced mtDNA methylation was indicated by pyrosequencing for muscle biopsies of 14 myopathy patients compared to four healthy controls, at selected cytosines in the Cytochrome B (CYTB) gene, but not within the displacement loop (D-loop) region. The mtDNA methylation patterns of the four healthy muscle biopsies were highly consistent and showed intriguing tissue-specific differences at particular cytosines with control skin fibroblasts cultured in vitro. Within individual myopathy patients, the overall mtDNA methylation pattern correlated well between muscle and skin fibroblasts. Despite this correlation, a pilot analysis of four myopathy and five healthy fibroblast samples did not reveal a disease-associated difference in mtDNA methylation. We did, however, detect increased expression of solute carrier family 25A26 (SLC25A26), encoding the importer of S-adenosylmethionine, together with enhanced mtDNA copy numbers in myopathy fibroblasts compared to healthy controls. To confirm that pyrosequencing indeed reflected DNA methylation and not bisulfite accessibility, mass spectrometry was employed. Although no myopathy-related differences in total amount of methylated cytosines were detected at this stage, a significant contribution of contaminating nuclear DNA (nDNA) was revealed, and steps to improve enrichment for mtDNA are reported. In conclusion, in this explorative study we show that analyzing the mitochondrial genome beyond its sequence opens novel avenues to identify potential molecular biomarkers assisting in the diagnosis of unexplained myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archibold Mposhi
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (L.L.); (K.P.M.); (P.G.J.); (M.H.J.R.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Lin Liang
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (L.L.); (K.P.M.); (P.G.J.); (M.H.J.R.)
| | - Kevin P. Mennega
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (L.L.); (K.P.M.); (P.G.J.); (M.H.J.R.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (D.Y.); (C.K.); (I.H.H.); (K.E.N.-K.)
| | - Dilemin Yildiz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (D.Y.); (C.K.); (I.H.H.); (K.E.N.-K.)
| | - Crista Kampert
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (D.Y.); (C.K.); (I.H.H.); (K.E.N.-K.)
| | - Ingrid H. Hof
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (D.Y.); (C.K.); (I.H.H.); (K.E.N.-K.)
| | - Pytrick G. Jellema
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (L.L.); (K.P.M.); (P.G.J.); (M.H.J.R.)
| | - Tom J. de Koning
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lasarettgatan 40, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Marcel H. J. Ruiters
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (L.L.); (K.P.M.); (P.G.J.); (M.H.J.R.)
| | - Klary E. Niezen-Koning
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (D.Y.); (C.K.); (I.H.H.); (K.E.N.-K.)
| | - Marianne G. Rots
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (L.L.); (K.P.M.); (P.G.J.); (M.H.J.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Omorou M, Liu N, Huang Y, Al-Ward H, Gao M, Mu C, Zhang L, Hui X. Cystathionine beta-Synthase in hypoxia and ischemia/reperfusion: A current overview. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 718:109149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Homme RP, Zheng Y, Smolenkova I, Singh M, Tyagi SC. Remote Hind-Limb Ischemia Mechanism of Preserved Ejection Fraction During Heart Failure. Front Physiol 2021; 12:745328. [PMID: 34858202 PMCID: PMC8632236 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.745328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During acute heart failure (HF), remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has proven to be beneficial; however, it is currently unclear whether it also extends benefits from chronic congestive, cardiopulmonary heart failure (CHF). Previous studies from our laboratory have shown three phases describing CHF viz. (1) HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), (2) HF with reduced EF (HFrEF), and (3) HF with reversed EF. Although reciprocal organ interaction, ablation of sympathetic, and calcium signaling genes are associated with HFpEF to HFrEF, the mechanism is unclear. The HFrEF ensues, in part, due to reduced angiogenesis, coronary reserve, and leakage of endocardial endothelial (EE) and finally breakdown of the blood-heart barrier (BHB) integrity. In fact, our hypothesis states that a change in phenotype from compensatory HFpEF to decompensatory HFrEF is determined by a potential decrease in regenerative, proangiogenic factors along with a concomitant increase in epigenetic memory, inflammation that combinedly causes oxidative, and proteolytic stress response. To test this hypothesis, we created CHF by aorta-vena-cava (AV) fistula in a group of mice that were subsequently treated with that of hind-limb RIC. HFpEF vs. HFrEF transition was determined by serial/longitudinal echo measurements. Results revealed an increase in skeletal muscle musclin contents, bone-marrow (CD71), and sympathetic activation (β2-AR) by RIC. We also observed a decrease in vascular density and attenuation of EE-BHB function due to a corresponding increase in the activity of MMP-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), caspase, and calpain. This decrease was successfully mitigated by RIC-released skeletal muscle exosomes that contain musclin, the myokine along with bone marrow, and sympathetic activation. In short, based on proteome (omics) analysis, ∼20 proteins that appear to be involved in signaling pathways responsible for the synthesis, contraction, and relaxation of cardiac muscle were found to be the dominant features. Thus, our results support that the CHF phenotype causes dysfunction of cardiac metabolism, its contraction, and relaxation. Interestingly, RIC was able to mitigate many of the deleterious changes, as revealed by our multi-omics findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubens P Homme
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Yuting Zheng
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Irina Smolenkova
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
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7
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Luo C, Ji D, Li Y, Cao Y, Zhang S, Yan W, Xue K, Chai J, Wu Y, Liu H, Wang W. Abnormal nitration and S-sulfhydration modification of Sp1-CSE-H 2S pathway trap the progress of hyperhomocysteinemia into a vicious cycle. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:20-33. [PMID: 33418108 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sp1-CSE-H2S pathway plays an important role in homocysteine-metabolism, whose disorder can result in hyperhomocysteinemia. H2S deficiency in hyperhomocysteinemia has been reported, while the underlying mechanism and whether it in turn affects the progress of hyperhomocysteinemia are unclear. This study focused on the post-translational modification of Sp1/CSE and revealed four major findings: (1) Homocysteine-accumulation augmented CSE's nitration, inhibited its bio-activity, thus caused H2S deficiency. (2) H2S deficiency inhibited the S-sulfhydration of Sp1, down-regulated CSE and decreased H2S further, which in turn weakened CSE's own S-sulfhydration. (3) CSE was S-sulfhydrated at Cys84, Cys109, Cys172, Cys229, Cys252, Cys307 and Cys310, among which the S-sulfhydration of Cys172 and Cys310 didn't affect its enzymatic activity, while the S-sulfhydration of Cys84, Cys109, Cys229, Cys252 and Cys307 was necessary for its bio-activity. (4) H2S deficiency trapped homocysteine-metabolism into a vicious cycle, which could be broken by either blocking nitration or restoring S-sulfhydration. This study detected a new mechanism that caused severe hyperhomocysteinemia, thereby provided new therapeutic strategies for hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghua Luo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Dengyu Ji
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pain Management, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China; Center for Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Shangyue Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ke Xue
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jiayin Chai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Sun HJ, Wu ZY, Nie XW, Bian JS. The Role of H 2S in the Metabolism of Glucose and Lipids. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1315:51-66. [PMID: 34302688 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-0991-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glucose and lipids are essential elements for maintaining the body's homeostasis, and their dysfunction may participate in the pathologies of various diseases, particularly diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular ailments, and cancers. Among numerous endogenous mediators, the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a central role in the maintenance of glucose and lipid homeostasis. Current evidence from both pharmacological studies and transgenic animal models suggest a complex relationship between H2S and metabolic dysregulation, especially in diabetes and obesity. This notion is achieved through tissue-specific expressions and actions of H2S on target metabolic and hormone organs including the pancreas, skeletal muscle, livers, and adipose. In this chapter, we will summarize the roles and mechanisms of H2S in several metabolic organs/tissues that are necessary for glucose and lipid metabolic homeostasis. In addition, future research directions and valuable therapeutic avenues around the pharmacological regulation of H2S in glycolipid metabolism disorder will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Wei Nie
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China.
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Laha A, Singh M, George AK, Homme RP, Tyagi SC. Dysregulation of 1-carbon metabolism and muscle atrophy: potential roles of forkhead box O proteins and PPARγ co-activator-1α. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:1013-1017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine, a non-proteinogenic amino acid but an important metabolic intermediate is generated as an integral component for the “1-carbon metabolism” during normal physiology. It is catabolized to cysteine via the transulfuration pathway resulting in the generation of hydrogen sulfide, a naturally endogenous byproduct. Genetics or metabolic derangement can alter homocysteine concentration leading to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), a physiologically unfavorable condition that causes serious medical conditions including muscle wasting. HHcy environment can derail physiological processes by targeting biomolecules such as Akt; however, not much is known regarding the effects of HHcy on regulation of transcription factors such as forkhead box O (FOXO) proteins. Recently, hydrogen sulfide has been shown to be highly effective in alleviating the effects of HHcy by serving as an antiapoptotic factor, but role of FOXO and its interaction with hydrogen sulfide are yet to be established. In this review, we discuss role(s) of HHcy in skeletal muscle atrophy and how HHcy interact with FOXO and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha expressions that are relevant in musculoskeletal atrophy. Further, therapeutic intervention with hydrogen sulfide for harnessing its beneficial effects might help mitigate the dysregulated 1-carbon metabolism that happens to be the hallmark of HHcy-induced pathologies such as muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Laha
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
| | - Akash K. George
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
| | - Rubens P. Homme
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
| | - Suresh C. Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville 40202, Kentucky, USA
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10
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Chen X, Miller NM, Afghah Z, Geiger JD. Development of AD-Like Pathology in Skeletal Muscle. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE 2019; 6:10.13188/2376-922x.1000028. [PMID: 32190732 PMCID: PMC7079679 DOI: 10.13188/2376-922x.1000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Effective therapeutic strategy against Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires early detection of AD; however, clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not precise and a definitive diagnosis of AD is only possible via postmortem examination for AD pathological hallmarks including senile plaques composed of Aβ and neuro fibrillary tangles composed of phosphorylated tau. Although a variety of biomarker has been developed and used in clinical setting, none of them robustly predicts subsequent clinical course of AD. Thus, it is essential to identify new biomarkers that may facilitate the diagnosis of early stages of AD, prediction of subsequent clinical course, and development of new therapeutic strategies. Given that pathological hallmarks of AD including Aβaccumulation and the presence of phosphorylated tau are also detected in peripheral tissues, AD is considered a systemic disease. Without the protection of blood-brain barrier, systemic factors can affect peripheral tissues much earlier than neurons in brain. Here, we will discuss the development of AD-like pathology in skeletal muscle and the potential use of skeletal muscle biopsy (examination for Aβaccumulation and phosphorylated tau) as a biomarker for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, USA
| | - NM Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, USA
| | - Z Afghah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, USA
| | - JD Geiger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, USA
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11
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Prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia induces oxidative stress and accelerates ‘aging’ of mammalian neuromuscular synapses. Int J Dev Neurosci 2019; 75:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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12
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Majumder A, Singh M, George AK, Tyagi SC. Restoration of skeletal muscle homeostasis by hydrogen sulfide during hyperhomocysteinemia-mediated oxidative/ER stress condition 1. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 97:441-456. [PMID: 30422673 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Elevated homocysteine (Hcy), i.e., hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), causes skeletal muscle myopathy. Among many cellular and metabolic alterations caused by HHcy, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are considered the major ones; however, the precise molecular mechanism(s) in this process is unclear. Nevertheless, there is no treatment option available to treat HHcy-mediated muscle injury. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is increasingly recognized as a potent anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic/necrotic/pyroptotic, and anti-inflammatory compound and also has been shown to improve angiogenesis during ischemic injury. Patients with CBS mutation produce less H2S, making them vulnerable to Hcy-mediated cellular damage. Many studies have reported bidirectional regulation of ER stress in apoptosis through JNK activation and concomitant attenuation of cell proliferation and protein synthesis via PI3K/AKT axis. Whether H2S mitigates these detrimental effects of HHcy on muscle remains unexplored. In this review, we discuss molecular mechanisms of HHcy-mediated oxidative/ER stress responses, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and atrophic changes in skeletal muscle and how H2S can restore skeletal muscle homeostasis during HHcy condition. This review also highlights the molecular mechanisms on how H2S could be developed as a clinically relevant therapeutic option for chronic conditions that are aggravated by HHcy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Majumder
- a Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.,b Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Mahavir Singh
- a Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.,c Eye and Vision Science Laboratory, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Akash K George
- a Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.,c Eye and Vision Science Laboratory, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- a Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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13
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Hydrogen Sulfide Donor NaHS Improves Metabolism and Reduces Muscle Atrophy in Type 2 Diabetes: Implication for Understanding Sarcopenic Pathophysiology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6825452. [PMID: 30510624 PMCID: PMC6232794 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6825452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a loss of muscle mass and functionality, constitutes a major contributor to disability in diabetes. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) dynamics and muscle mass regulatory signaling were studied in GK rats, a model for type 2 diabetes (T2D). GK rats exhibited a number of features that are consistent with sarcopenia and T2D including loss of muscle mass and strength, in addition to glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and impaired β-cell responsiveness to glucose. Mechanistically, activation levels of Akt, a key modulator of protein balance, were decreased in T2D. Consequently, we confirmed reduced activity of mTOR signaling components and higher expression of atrophy-related markers typified by FoxO1/atrogin-1/MuRF1 and myostatin-Smad2/3 signaling during the course of diabetes. We observed in GK rat reduced antioxidant capacity (↓GSH/GSSG) and increased expression and activity of NADPH oxidase in connection with augmented rate of oxidation of lipids, proteins, and DNA. H2S bioavailability and the expression of key enzymes involved in its synthesis were suppressed as a function of diabetes. Interestingly, GK rats receiving NaHS displayed increased muscle Akt/mTOR signaling and decreased expression of myostatin and the FoxO1/MuRF1/atrogin-dependent pathway. Moreover, diabetes-induced heightened state of oxidative stress was also ameliorated in response to NaHS therapy. Overall, the current data support the notion that a relationship exists between sarcopenia, heightened state of oxidative stress, and H2S deficiency at least in the context of diabetes. Moreover, treatment with a potent H2S donor at an early stage of diabetes is likely to mitigate the development of sarcopenia/frailty and predictably reduces its devastating sequelae of amputation.
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14
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Majumder A, Singh M, George AK, Homme RP, Laha A, Tyagi SC. Remote ischemic conditioning as a cytoprotective strategy in vasculopathies during hyperhomocysteinemia: An emerging research perspective. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:77-92. [PMID: 30272816 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Higher levels of nonprotein amino acid homocysteine (Hcy), that is, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) (~5% of general population) has been associated with severe vasculopathies in different organs; however, precise molecular mechanism(s) as to how HHcy plays havoc with body's vascular networks are largely unknown. Interventional modalities have not proven beneficial to counter multifactorial HHcy's effects on the vascular system. An ancient Indian form of exercise called 'yoga' causes transient ischemia as a result of various body postures however the cellular mechanisms are not clear. We discuss a novel perspective wherein we argue that application of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) could, in fact, deliver anticipated results to patients who are suffering from chronic vascular dysfunction due to HHcy. RIC is the mechanistic phenomenon whereby brief episodes of ischemia-reperfusion events are applied to distant tissues/organs; that could potentially offer a powerful tool in mitigating chronic lethal ischemia in target organs during HHcy condition via simultaneous reduction of inflammation, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, extracellular matrix remodeling, fibrosis, and angiogenesis. We opine that during ischemic conditioning our organs cross talk by releasing cellular messengers in the form of exosomes containing messenger RNAs, circular RNAs, anti-pyroptotic factors, protective cytokines like musclin, transcription factors, small molecules, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic factors, antioxidants, and vasoactive gases. All these could help mobilize the bone marrow-derived stem cells (having tissue healing properties) to target organs. In that context, we argue that RIC could certainly play a savior's role in an unfortunate ischemic or adverse event in people who have higher levels of the circulating Hcy in their systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Majumder
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Eye and Vision Science Laboratory, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Akash K George
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Eye and Vision Science Laboratory, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Rubens Petit Homme
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Eye and Vision Science Laboratory, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Anwesha Laha
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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15
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Majumder A, Singh M, Behera J, Theilen NT, George AK, Tyagi N, Metreveli N, Tyagi SC. Hydrogen sulfide alleviates hyperhomocysteinemia-mediated skeletal muscle atrophy via mitigation of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress injury. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C609-C622. [PMID: 30110564 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00147.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) occurs because of the deficiency in cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) causing skeletal muscle dysfunction, it is still unclear whether this effect is mediated through oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, or both. Nevertheless, there is no treatment option available to improve HHcy-mediated muscle injury. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an antioxidant compound, and patients with CBS mutation do not produce H2S. In this study, we hypothesized that H2S mitigates HHcy-induced redox imbalance/ER stress during skeletal muscle atrophy via JNK phosphorylation. We used CBS+/- mice to study HHcy-mediated muscle atrophy, and treated them with sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS; an H2S donor). Proteins and mRNAs were examined by Western blots and quantitative PCR. Proinflammatory cytokines were also measured. Muscle mass and strength were studied via fatigue susceptibility test. Our data revealed that HHcy was detrimental to skeletal mass, particularly gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscle weight. We noticed that oxidative stress was reversed by NaHS in homocysteine (Hcy)-treated C2C12 cells. Interestingly, ER stress markers (GRP78, ATF6, pIRE1α, and pJNK) were elevated in vivo and in vitro, and NaHS mitigated these effects. Additionally, we observed that JNK phosphorylation was upregulated in C2C12 after Hcy treatment, but NaHS could not reduce this effect. Furthermore, inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α were higher in plasma from CBS as compared with wild-type mice. FOXO1-mediated Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 upregulation were attenuated by NaHS. Functional studies revealed that NaHS administration improved muscle fatigability in CBS+/- mice. In conclusion, our work provides evidence that NaHS is beneficial in mitigating HHcy-mediated skeletal injury incited by oxidative/ER stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Majumder
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Jyotirmaya Behera
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Nicholas T Theilen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Akash K George
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Neetu Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Naira Metreveli
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
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16
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Vellecco V, Armogida C, Bucci M. Hydrogen sulfide pathway and skeletal muscle: an introductory review. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:3090-3099. [PMID: 29767441 PMCID: PMC6031874 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of the H2 S pathway in skeletal muscle (SKM) has recently been established. SKM expresses the three constitutive H2 S-generating enzymes in animals and humans, and it actively produces H2 S. The main, recognized molecular targets of H2 S, that is, potassium channels and PDEs, have been evaluated in SKM physiology in order to hypothesize a role for H2 S signalling. SKM dysfunctions, including muscular dystrophy and malignant hyperthermia, have also been evaluated as conditions in which the H2 S and transsulfuration pathways have been suggested to be involved. The intrinsic complexity of the molecular mechanisms involved in excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling together with the scarcity of preclinical models of SKM-related disorders have hampered any advances in the knowledge of SKM function. Here, we have addressed the role of the H2 S pathway in E-C coupling and the relative importance of cystathionine β-synthase, cistathionine γ-lyase and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase in SKM diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vellecco
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Chiara Armogida
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Bucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, 80131, Italy
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17
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Among many endogenous mediators, the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. In this article we discuss different functional roles of H2S in several metabolic organs/tissues required in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Recent Advances: New evidence has emerged revealing the insulin sensitizing role of H2S in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle biology. In addition, H2S was demonstrated to be a potent stimulator of gluconeogenesis via the induction and stimulation of various glucose-producing pathways in the liver. CRITICAL ISSUES Similar to its other physiological effects, H2S exhibits paradoxical characteristics in the regulation of glucose homeostasis: (1) H2S stimulates glucose production via activation of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in hepatocytes, yet inhibits lipolysis in adipocytes; (2) H2S stimulates glucose uptake into adipocytes and skeletal muscle but inhibits glucose uptake into hepatocytes; (3) H2S inhibits insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells, yet sensitizes insulin signaling and insulin-triggered response in adipose tissues and skeletal muscle. It is also unclear the impact H2S may have on glucose metabolism and utilization by other vital organs, such as the brain. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Recent reports and ongoing studies lay the foundation for a general, although highly incomplete, understanding of the effect of H2S on regulating glucose homeostasis. In this review, we describe the molecular mechanisms and physiological outcomes of the gasotransmitter H2S on organs and tissues required for homeostatic maintenance of blood glucose. Future directions highlighting the H2S-mediated homeostatic control of glucose metabolism under physiological and insulin-resistant conditions are also discussed. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1463-1482.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Untereiner
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Lingyun Wu
- 2 Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research Unit and School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University , Sudbury, Canada .,3 Health Sciences North Research Institute , Sudbury, Canada
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18
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Majumder A, Behera J, Jeremic N, Tyagi SC. Hypermethylation: Causes and Consequences in Skeletal Muscle Myopathy. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:2108-2117. [PMID: 27982479 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A detrimental consequence of hypermethylation is hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), that causes oxidative stress, inflammation, and matrix degradation, which leads to multi-pathology in different organs. Although, it is well known that hypermethylation leads to overall gene silencing and hypomethylation leads to overall gene activation, the role of such process in skeletal muscle dysfunction during HHcy condition is unclear. In this study, we emphasized the multiple mechanisms including epigenetic alteration by which HHcy causes skeletal muscle myopathy. This review also highlights possible role of methylation, histone modification, and RNA interference in skeletal muscle dysfunction during HHcy condition and potential therapeutic molecules, putative challenges, and methodologies to deal with HHcy mediated skeletal muscle dysfunction. We also highlighted that B vitamins (mainly B12 and B6), with folic acid supplementation, could be useful as an adjuvant therapy to reverse these consequences associated with this HHcy conditions in skeletal muscle. However, we would recommend to further study involving long-term trials could help to assess efficacy of the use of these therapeutic agents. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 2108-2117, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Majumder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202
| | - Jyotirmaya Behera
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202
| | - Nevena Jeremic
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202
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Veeranki S, Lominadze D, Tyagi SC. Hyperhomocysteinemia inhibits satellite cell regenerative capacity through p38 alpha/beta MAPK signaling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H325-34. [PMID: 25980021 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00099.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic failure in maintenance and regeneration of skeletal muscles leads to lower muscle mass (sarcopenia), muscle weakness, and poor response to injury. Evidence suggests that aberrant p38 MAPK signaling undermines the repair process after injury in aged mice. Previous studies have shown that hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) has been associated with muscle weakness and lower than normal body weights. However, whether or not HHcy condition also compromises skeletal muscle regenerative capabilities is not clear. In the current study, we show that CBS-/+ mice, a model for HHcy condition, exhibited compromised regenerative function and cell proliferation upon injury. However, there was no significant difference in Pax7 expression levels in the satellite cells from CBS-/+ mouse skeletal muscles. Interestingly, the satellite cells from CBS-/+ mice not only exhibited diminished in vitro proliferative capabilities, but also there was heightened oxidative stress. In addition, there was enhanced p38 MAPK activation as well as p16 and p21 expression in the CBS-/+ mouse satellite cells. Moreover, the C2C12 myoblasts also exhibited higher p38 MAPK activation and p16 expression upon treatment with homocysteine in addition to enhanced ROS presence. Tissue engraftment potential and regeneration after injury were restored to some extent upon treatment with the p38-MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, in the CBS-/+ mice. These results together suggest that HHcy-induced diminished satellite cell proliferation involves excessive oxidative stress and p38 MAPK signaling. Our study further proposes that HHcy is a potential risk factor for elderly frailty, and need to be considered as a therapeutic target while designing the alleviation interventions/postinjury rehabilitation measures for adults with HHcy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Veeranki
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - David Lominadze
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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