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Wickramasinghe HKJP, Stepanchenko N, Oconitrillo MJ, Goetz BM, Abeyta MA, Gorden PJ, Baumgard LH, Appuhamy JADRN. Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on weaned dairy heifer calves subjected to a diurnal heat stress bout. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:6114-6127. [PMID: 37479578 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The study objective was to evaluate the effects of a phytogenic feed additive (PFA) on dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), inflammation, and oxidative stress markers of heifer calves exposed to a heat stress bout in the summer. A total of18 Holstein and 4 Jersey heifer calves (192 ± 5 kg of body weight at 162 ± 16 d of age) housed in indoor stalls were assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatments (n = 11; 9 Holstein and 2 Jersey): (1) a basal total mixed ration (CTL), and (2) CTL top-dressed with 0.25 g/d of PFA. Following 7 d of acclimation, baseline measurements were made over 7 d under regular summer conditions [average temperature-humidity index (THI) = 79 from 0900 to 2000 h, and 75 from 2000 to 0900 h]. Calves were then subjected to a 7-d cyclic heat stress bout (HS) by turning on barn heaters and increasing the barn temperature to 33.0°C only during the daytime (the average THI = 85 from 0900 to 2000 h). The study continued for an extra 4-d period after HS ended (post-HS). The HS increased rectal temperature, skin temperature, and respiration rate from the baseline by 1.0°C, 4.0°C, and 49 breaths/min, respectively. The drinking water intake increased by 32% in response to HS, and calves continued to consume more water (44%) than the baseline consumption even after HS ended. The treatment × time interactions were not significant for feed intake, ADG, partial pressure of O2 in the blood, and blood concentrations of inflammation markers such as haptoglobin and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), and antioxidant markers such as protein carbonyl and thiobarbituric acid (TBARS). The PFA tended to increase daytime DMI (0.24 kg/d) compared with CTL throughout the experiment but did not affect ADG, which decreased from 1.12 kg/d to 0.26 kg/d in response to HS. Both DMI (13%) and ADG (85%) increased during post-HS relative to baseline, indicating compensatory performances that were not affected by the PFA. Serum haptoglobin and plasma LBP concentrations of PFA calves were 44% and 38% lower than that of CTL calves across all time points. The PFA decreased O2 pressure and tended to decrease protein carbonyl concentration in the blood across all time points. The PFA tended to decrease TBARS concentration on the first day of HS and increase and decrease the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione in the blood during the baseline and post-HS periods, respectively. Despite the lack of growth improvements, feeding PFA seems to increase O2 levels in the blood and alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation of heifer calve exposed to diurnal heat waves (~7 d) in the summer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N Stepanchenko
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - M J Oconitrillo
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - B M Goetz
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - M A Abeyta
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - P J Gorden
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - L H Baumgard
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
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Wen DT, Gao YH, Wang J, Wang S, Zhong Q, Hou WQ. Role of muscle FOXO gene in exercise against the skeletal muscle and cardiac age-related defects and mortality caused by high-salt intake in Drosophila. GENES & NUTRITION 2023; 18:6. [PMID: 36997839 PMCID: PMC10064743 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-023-00725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
FOXO has long been associated with aging, exercise, and tissue homeostasis, but it remains unclear what the role is of the muscle FOXO gene in E against high-salt intake(HSI)-induced age-related defects of the skeletal muscle, heart, and mortality. In this research, overexpression and RNAi of the FOXO gene in the skeletal and heart muscle of Drosophila were constructed by building Mhc-GAL4/FOXO-UAS-overexpression and Mhc-GAL4/FOXO-UAS-RNAi system. The skeletal muscle and heart function, the balance of oxidation and antioxidant, and mitochondrial homeostasis were measured. The results showed that exercise reversed the age-related decline in climbing ability and downregulation of muscle FOXO expression induced by HSI. Muscle-specific FOXO-RNAi (FOXO-RNAi) and -overexpression (FOXO-OE) promoted or slowed the age-related decline in climbing ability, heart function, and skeletal muscle and heart structure damage, which was accompanied by the inhibition or activation of FOXO/PGC-1α/SDH and FOXO/SOD pathway activity, and oxidative stress (ROS) increased or decreased in both skeletal muscle and heart. The protective effect of exercise on the skeletal muscle and heart was blocked by FOXO-RNAi in aged HSI flies. FOXO-OE prolonged its lifespan, but it did not resist the HSI-induced lifespan shortening. Exercise did not improve HSI-induced lifespan shortening in FOXO-RNAi flies. Therefore, current results confirmed that the muscle FOXO gene played a vital role in exercise against age-related defects of the skeletal muscle and heart induced by HSI because it determined the activity of muscle FOXO/SOD and FOXO/PGC-1α/SDH pathways. The muscle FOXO gene also played an important role in exercise against HSI-induced mortality in aging flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Tai Wen
- Ludong University, Shandong Province, City Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Ying-Hui Gao
- Ludong University, Shandong Province, City Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Ludong University, Shandong Province, City Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- Ludong University, Shandong Province, City Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Ludong University, Shandong Province, City Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Wen-Qi Hou
- Ludong University, Shandong Province, City Yantai, 264025, China
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3
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Gatto C, Di Porzio A, Crescenzo R, Barrella V, Iossa S, Mazzoli A. Age-Dependent Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Response to Short-Term Increased Dietary Fructose. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020299. [PMID: 36829857 PMCID: PMC9951991 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The harmful effect of a long-term high-fructose diet is well established, but the age-dependent physiological responses that can be triggered by a short-term high-fructose diet in skeletal muscles have not been deeply explored. Therefore, the aim of this work was to compare the alterations in mitochondrial energetic and insulin responsiveness in the skeletal muscle induced by a short-term (2 weeks) fructose feeding in rats of different ages. For this purpose, fructose and uric acid levels, insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative status were evaluated in the skeletal muscles from young (30 days old) and adult (90 days old) rats. We showed that, even in the short term, a high-fructose diet has a strong impact on skeletal muscle metabolism, with more marked effects in young rats than in adults ones. In fact, despite both groups showing a decrease in insulin sensitivity, the marked mitochondrial dysfunction was found only in the young rats, thus leading to an increase in the mitochondrial production of ROS, and therefore, in oxidative damage. These findings underscore the need to reduce fructose consumption, especially in young people, to preserve the maintenance of a metabolically healthy status.
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A Skeletal Muscle-Centric View on Time-Restricted Feeding and Obesity under Various Metabolic Challenges in Humans and Animals. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010422. [PMID: 36613864 PMCID: PMC9820735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly 50% of adults will suffer from obesity in the U.S. by 2030. High obesity rates can lead to high economic and healthcare burdens in addition to elevated mortality rates and reduced health span in patients. Emerging data demonstrate that obesity is a multifactorial complex disease with various etiologies including aging, a lifestyle of chronic high-fat diets (HFD), genetic predispositions, and circadian disruption. Time-restricted feeding/eating (TRF; TRE in humans) is an intervention demonstrated by studies to show promise as an effective alternative therapy for ameliorating the effects of obesity and metabolic disease. New studies have recently suggested that TRF/TRE modulates the skeletal muscle which plays a crucial role in metabolism historically observed to be impaired under obesity. Here we discuss recent findings regarding potential mechanisms underlying TRF's modulation of skeletal muscle function, metabolism, and structure which may shed light on future research related to TRF as a solution to obesity.
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JEDLIČKA J, TŮMA Z, RAZAK K, KUNC R, KALA A, PEÑA SPROSKAUER, LERCHNER T, JEŽEK K, KUNCOVÁ J. Impact of aging on mitochondrial respiration in various organs. Physiol Res 2022; 71:S227-S236. [PMID: 36647911 PMCID: PMC9906668 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are considered central regulator of the aging process; however, majority of studies dealing with the impact of age on mitochondrial oxygen consumption focused on skeletal muscle concluding (although not uniformly) a general declining trend with advancing age. In addition, gender related differences in mitochondrial respiration have not been satisfactorily described yet. The aim of the present study was to evaluate mitochondrial oxygen consumption in various organs of aging male and female Fischer 344 rats at the ages of 6, 12 and 24 months. Mitochondrial respiration of homogenized (skeletal muscle, left and right heart ventricle, hippocampus, cerebellum, kidney cortex), gently mechanically permeabilized (liver) tissue or intact cells (platelets) was determined using high-resolution respirometry (oxygraphs O2k, Oroboros, Austria). The pattern of age-related changes differed in each tissue: in the skeletal muscle and kidney cortex of both sexes and in female heart, parameters of mitochondrial respiration significantly declined with age. Resting respiration of intact platelets displayed an increasing trend and it did not correlate with skeletal muscle respiratory states. In the heart of male rats and brain tissues of both sexes, respiratory states remained relatively stable over analyzed age categories with few exceptions of lower mitochondrial oxygen consumption at the age of 24 months. In the liver, OXPHOS capacity was higher in females than in males with either no difference between the ages of 6 and 24 months or even significant increase at the age of 24 months in the male rats. In conclusion, the results of our study indicate that the concept of general pattern of age-dependent decline in mitochondrial oxygen consumption across different organs and tissues could be misleading. Also, the statement of higher mitochondrial respiration in females seems to be conflicting, since the gender-related differences may vary with the tissue studied, combination of substrates used and might be better detectable at younger ages than in old animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan JEDLIČKA
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk TŮMA
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Karim RAZAK
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Radovan KUNC
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic,Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Annu KALA
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | | | - Tobias LERCHNER
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Karel JEŽEK
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka KUNCOVÁ
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
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Grevendonk L, Connell NJ, McCrum C, Fealy CE, Bilet L, Bruls YMH, Mevenkamp J, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB, Jörgensen JA, Moonen-Kornips E, Schaart G, Havekes B, de Vogel-van den Bosch J, Bragt MCE, Meijer K, Schrauwen P, Hoeks J. Impact of aging and exercise on skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity, energy metabolism, and physical function. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4773. [PMID: 34362885 PMCID: PMC8346468 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24956-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the age-associated decline in mitochondrial function and its effect on skeletal muscle physiology and function remain unclear. In the current study, we examined to what extent physical activity contributes to the decline in mitochondrial function and muscle health during aging and compared mitochondrial function in young and older adults, with similar habitual physical activity levels. We also studied exercise-trained older adults and physically impaired older adults. Aging was associated with a decline in mitochondrial capacity, exercise capacity and efficiency, gait stability, muscle function, and insulin sensitivity, even when maintaining an adequate daily physical activity level. Our data also suggest that a further increase in physical activity level, achieved through regular exercise training, can largely negate the effects of aging. Finally, mitochondrial capacity correlated with exercise efficiency and insulin sensitivity. Together, our data support a link between mitochondrial function and age-associated deterioration of skeletal muscle. Aging is associated with a progressive loss of muscle function. Here the authors characterize mitochondrial capacity and muscle function in young and older adults with similar habitual physical activity and also compared to older adults with exercise training or with physical impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Grevendonk
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - N J Connell
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - C McCrum
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C E Fealy
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - L Bilet
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Y M H Bruls
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Mevenkamp
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - V B Schrauwen-Hinderling
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J A Jörgensen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - E Moonen-Kornips
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - G Schaart
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - B Havekes
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - M C E Bragt
- Friesland-Campina, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - K Meijer
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - P Schrauwen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Hoeks
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Jin H, Oh HJ, Kim J, Lee KP, Han X, Lee OH, Lee BY. Effects of Ecklonia stolonifera extract on the obesity and skeletal muscle regeneration in high-fat diet-fed mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Kunz HE, Hart CR, Gries KJ, Parvizi M, Laurenti M, Dalla Man C, Moore N, Zhang X, Ryan Z, Polley EC, Jensen MD, Vella A, Lanza IR. Adipose tissue macrophage populations and inflammation are associated with systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 321:E105-E121. [PMID: 33998291 PMCID: PMC8321823 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00070.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is accompanied by numerous systemic and tissue-specific derangements, including systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial abnormalities in skeletal muscle. Despite growing recognition that adipose tissue dysfunction plays a role in obesity-related disorders, the relationship between adipose tissue inflammation and other pathological features of obesity is not well-understood. We assessed macrophage populations and measured the expression of inflammatory cytokines in abdominal adipose tissue biopsies in 39 nondiabetic adults across a range of body mass indexes (BMI 20.5-45.8 kg/m2). Skeletal muscle biopsies were used to evaluate mitochondrial respiratory capacity, ATP production capacity, coupling, and reactive oxygen species production. Insulin sensitivity (SI) and β cell responsivity were determined from test meal postprandial glucose, insulin, c-peptide, and triglyceride kinetics. We examined the relationships between adipose tissue inflammatory markers, systemic inflammatory markers, SI, and skeletal muscle mitochondrial physiology. BMI was associated with increased adipose tissue and systemic inflammation, reduced SI, and reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Adipose-resident macrophage numbers were positively associated with circulating inflammatory markers, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Local adipose tissue inflammation and circulating concentrations of TNFα and CRP were negatively associated with SI, and circulating concentrations of TNFα and CRP were also negatively associated with skeletal muscle oxidative capacity. These results demonstrate that obese humans exhibit increased adipose tissue inflammation concurrently with increased systemic inflammation, reduced insulin sensitivity, and reduced muscle oxidative capacity and suggest that adipose tissue and systemic inflammation may drive obesity-associated metabolic derangements.NEW AND NOTEWORTHY Adipose inflammation is proposed to be at the nexus of the systemic inflammation and metabolic derangements associated with obesity. The present study provides evidence to support adipose inflammation as a central feature of the pathophysiology of obesity. Adipose inflammation is associated with systemic and peripheral metabolic derangements, including increased systemic inflammation, reduced insulin sensitivity, and reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawley E Kunz
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Corey R Hart
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kevin J Gries
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mojtaba Parvizi
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Marcello Laurenti
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Chiara Dalla Man
- Biomedical Engineering and Physiology Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Natalie Moore
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Zachary Ryan
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Eric C Polley
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael D Jensen
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Adrian Vella
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ian R Lanza
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Connell NJ, Grevendonk L, Fealy CE, Moonen-Kornips E, Bruls YMH, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB, de Vogel J, Hageman R, Geurts J, Zapata-Perez R, Houtkooper RH, Havekes B, Hoeks J, Schrauwen P. NAD+-Precursor Supplementation With L-Tryptophan, Nicotinic Acid, and Nicotinamide Does Not Affect Mitochondrial Function or Skeletal Muscle Function in Physically Compromised Older Adults. J Nutr 2021; 151:2917-2931. [PMID: 34191033 PMCID: PMC8485915 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boosting NAD+ via supplementation with niacin equivalents has been proposed as a potential modality capable of promoting healthy aging and negating age-dependent declines of skeletal muscle mass and function. OBJECTIVES We investigated the efficacy of NAD+-precursor supplementation (tryptophan, nicotinic acid, and nicotinamide) on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in physically compromised older adults. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was conducted in 14 (female/male: 4/10) community-dwelling, older adults with impaired physical function [age, 72.9 ± 4.0 years; BMI, 25.2 ± 2.3 kg/m2]. Participants were supplemented with 207.5 mg niacin equivalents/day [intervention (INT)] and a control product (CON) that did not contain niacin equivalents, each for 32 days. The primary outcomes tested were mitochondrial oxidative capacity and exercise efficiency, analyzed by means of paired Student's t-tests. Secondary outcomes, such as NAD+ concentrations, were analyzed accordingly. RESULTS Following supplementation, skeletal muscle NAD+ concentrations [7.5 ± 1.9 compared with 7.9 ± 1.6 AU, respectively] in INT compared with CON conditions were not significantly different compared to the control condition, whereas skeletal muscle methyl-nicotinamide levels were significantly higher under NAD+-precursor supplementation [INT, 0.098 ± 0.063 compared with CON, 0.025 ± 0.014; P = 0.001], suggesting an increased NAD+ metabolism. Conversely, neither ADP-stimulated [INT, 82.1 ± 19.0 compared with CON, 84.0 ± 19.2; P = 0.716] nor maximally uncoupled mitochondrial respiration [INT, 103.4 ± 30.7 compared with CON, 108.7 ± 33.4; P = 0.495] improved under NAD+-precursor supplementation, nor did net exercise efficiency during the submaximal cycling test [INT, 20.2 ± 2.77 compared with CON, 20.8 ± 2.88; P = 0.342]. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are consistent with previous findings on NAD+ efficacy in humans, and we show in community-dwelling, older adults with impaired physical function that NAD+-precursor supplementation through L-tryptophan, nicotinic acid, and nicotinamide does not improve mitochondrial or skeletal muscle function. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03310034.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Connell
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - L Grevendonk
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - C E Fealy
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - E Moonen-Kornips
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Y M H Bruls
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - V B Schrauwen-Hinderling
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J de Vogel
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R Hageman
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Geurts
- Friesland Campina, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - R Zapata-Perez
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B Havekes
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Hoeks
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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10
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Murphy RA, Moore S, Playdon M, Kritchevsky S, Newman AB, Satterfield S, Ayonayon H, Clish C, Gerszten R, Harris TB. Metabolites Associated With Risk of Developing Mobility Disability in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:73-80. [PMID: 29186400 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic pathways that give rise to functional decline and mobility disability in older adults are incompletely understood. Methods To identify metabolic perturbations that may affect functional decline, nontargeted metabolomics was used to measure 350 metabolites in baseline plasma from 313 black men in the Health ABC Study (median age 74 years). Usual gait speed was measured over 20 m. Cross-sectional relationships between gait speed and metabolites were explored with partial correlations adjusted for age, study site, and smoking status. Risk of incident mobility disability (two consecutive reports of severe difficulty walking quarter mile or climb 10 stairs) over 13 years of follow-up was explored with Cox regression models among 307 men who were initially free of mobility disability. Significance was determined at p ≤ .01 and q (false discovery rate) ≤ 0.30. Results Two metabolites were correlated with gait speed: salicylurate (r = -.19) and 2-hydroxyglutarate (r = -.18). Metabolites of amino acids and amino acid degradation (indoxy sulfate; hazard ratio [HR] = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09-2.03, symmetric dimethylarginine; HR = 3.58, 95% CI = 1.57-8.15, N-carbamoyl beta-alanine; HR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.16-3.14, quinolinate; HR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.65-3.96) and metabolites related to kidney function (aforementioned symmetric dimethylarginine and indoxy sulfate as well as creatinine; HR = 5.91, 95% CI = 2.06-16.9, inositol; HR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.47-4.97) were among the 23 metabolites associated with incident mobility disability. Conclusions This study highlights the potential role of amino acid derivatives and products and kidney function early in the development of mobility disability and suggests metabolic profiles could help identify individuals at risk of functional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Murphy
- Centre of Excellence in Cancer Prevention, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Steven Moore
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Mary Playdon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Stephen Kritchevsky
- Stitch Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anne B Newman
- Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Suzanne Satterfield
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
| | - Hilsa Ayonayon
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Clary Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Robert Gerszten
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
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11
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Oh HYP, Visvalingam V, Wahli W. The PPAR-microbiota-metabolic organ trilogy to fine-tune physiology. FASEB J 2019; 33:9706-9730. [PMID: 31237779 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802681rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The human gut is colonized by commensal microorganisms, predominately bacteria that have coevolved in symbiosis with their host. The gut microbiota has been extensively studied in recent years, and many important findings on how it can regulate host metabolism have been unraveled. In healthy individuals, feeding timing and type of food can influence not only the composition but also the circadian oscillation of the gut microbiota. Host feeding habits thus influence the type of microbe-derived metabolites produced and their concentrations throughout the day. These microbe-derived metabolites influence many aspects of host physiology, including energy metabolism and circadian rhythm. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate various metabolic processes such as fatty acid metabolism. Similar to the gut microbiota, PPAR expression in various organs oscillates diurnally, and studies have shown that the gut microbiota can influence PPAR activities in various metabolic organs. For example, short-chain fatty acids, the most abundant type of metabolites produced by anaerobic fermentation of dietary fibers by the gut microbiota, are PPAR agonists. In this review, we highlight how the gut microbiota can regulate PPARs in key metabolic organs, namely, in the intestines, liver, and muscle. Knowing that the gut microbiota impacts metabolism and is altered in individuals with metabolic diseases might allow treatment of these patients using noninvasive procedures such as gut microbiota manipulation.-Oh, H. Y. P., Visvalingam, V., Wahli, W. The PPAR-microbiota-metabolic organ trilogy to fine-tune physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yun Penny Oh
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Institute for Health Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Vivegan Visvalingam
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Walter Wahli
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1331, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-ToxAlim, Toulouse, France.,Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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12
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Cruz MM, Lopes AB, Crisma AR, de Sá RCC, Kuwabara WMT, Curi R, de Andrade PBM, Alonso-Vale MIC. Palmitoleic acid (16:1n7) increases oxygen consumption, fatty acid oxidation and ATP content in white adipocytes. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:55. [PMID: 29554895 PMCID: PMC5859716 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have recently demonstrated that palmitoleic acid (16:1n7) increases lipolysis, glucose uptake and glucose utilization for energy production in white adipose cells. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that palmitoleic acid modulates bioenergetic activity in white adipocytes. Methods For this, 3 T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were differentiated into mature adipocytes in the presence (or absence) of palmitic (16:0) or palmitoleic (16:1n7) acid at 100 or 200 μM. The following parameters were evaluated: lipolysis, lipogenesis, fatty acid (FA) oxidation, ATP content, oxygen consumption, mitochondrial mass, citrate synthase activity and protein content of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes. Results Treatment with 16:1n7 during 9 days raised basal and isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis, FA incorporation into triacylglycerol (TAG), FA oxidation, oxygen consumption, protein expression of subunits representing OXPHOS complex II, III, and V and intracellular ATP content. These effects were not observed in adipocytes treated with 16:0. Conclusions Palmitoleic acid, by concerted action on lipolysis, FA esterification, mitochondrial FA oxidation, oxygen consumption and ATP content, does enhance white adipocyte energy expenditure and may act as local hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa M Cruz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo, 210, Sao Nicolau St, Diadema, 09913-030, Brazil
| | - Andressa B Lopes
- Department of Nursing , Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Amanda R Crisma
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta C C de Sá
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo, 210, Sao Nicolau St, Diadema, 09913-030, Brazil
| | - Wilson M T Kuwabara
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula B M de Andrade
- Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria I C Alonso-Vale
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Chemical and Pharmaceutical, Federal University of São Paulo, 210, Sao Nicolau St, Diadema, 09913-030, Brazil.
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13
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Lee JH, Boland-Freitas R, Ng K. Sarcolemmal excitability changes in normal human aging. Muscle Nerve 2018; 57:981-988. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.26058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James H.F. Lee
- Department of Neurology; Royal North Shore Hospital; St Leonards New South Wales 2065 Australia
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Robert Boland-Freitas
- Department of Neurology; Royal North Shore Hospital; St Leonards New South Wales 2065 Australia
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Karl Ng
- Department of Neurology; Royal North Shore Hospital; St Leonards New South Wales 2065 Australia
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
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14
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Yu Y, Zhao Y, Teng F, Li J, Guan Y, Xu J, Lv X, Guan F, Zhang M, Chen L. Berberine Improves Cognitive Deficiency and Muscular Dysfunction via Activation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1a Pathway in Skeletal Muscle from Naturally Aging Rats. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:710-717. [PMID: 29806860 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-018-1015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The manifestations of aging include cognitive deficits and muscular dysfunction, which are closely linked to impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, presents multiple anti-diabetic pharmacological effects. Evidence has indicated that insulin resistance and cognitive impairment share the same pathogenesis, and berberine could reverse glucose metabolism abnormalities and muscle mitochondrial dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet. This study was used to investigate whether berberine could be used as an anti-aging drug to prevent cognitive deficits and muscular dysfunction in natural aging. METHODS Biochemical indicators and an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test were tested in 5-month-old rats (5 mo group), 24-month-old rats (24 mo group) and 24-month-old rats that had undergone 6 months of berberine treatment (BBR group). A Morris water maze test was conducted to assess the cognitive ability of the rats. Insulin resistance in whole-body was evaluated by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT). The morphology of the skeletal muscle tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed with corresponding reagent kits. The protein expressions of GLUT4, AMPK, SIRT1 and PGC-1α in skeletal muscle were examined by Western blot. RESULTS The results showed that administration of berberine for 6 months significantly improved cognitive deficits and insulin resistance in naturally aging rats (p<0.01). Furthermore, berberine treatment helped normalize the disordered alignment and the decreased number of muscle fibers (p<0.01) in the skeletal muscle of 24 mo rats. Berberine decreased the levels of ROS in both the serum and the skeletal muscle of 24 mo rats (p<0.01). Berberine increased the protein expression of p-AMPK, SIRT1 and PGC-1α and increased the production of ATP in the skeletal muscle of aging rats (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Berberine markedly ameliorates aging-related reductions in cognitive ability and muscular function, and the activation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway in skeletal muscle may be the underlying protective mechanism of berberine on muscular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yu
- Dr. Ming Zhang, Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University, 126 Xin Min Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China. E-mail:
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15
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Carnosine and the processes of ageing. Maturitas 2016; 93:28-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Li C, White SH, Warren LK, Wohlgemuth SE. Effects of aging on mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle of American American Quarter Horses. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 121:299-311. [PMID: 27283918 PMCID: PMC5040552 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01077.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle function, aerobic capacity, and mitochondrial (Mt) function have been found to decline with age in humans and rodents. However, not much is known about age-related changes in Mt function in equine skeletal muscle. Here, we compared fiber-type composition and Mt function in gluteus medius and triceps brachii muscle between young (age 1.8 ± 0.1 yr, n = 24) and aged (age 17-25 yr, n = 10) American Quarter Horses. The percentage of myosin heavy chain (MHC) IIX was lower in aged compared with young muscles (gluteus, P = 0.092; triceps, P = 0.012), while the percentages of MHC I (gluteus; P < 0.001) and MHC IIA (triceps; P = 0.023) were increased. Mass-specific Mt density, indicated by citrate synthase activity, was unaffected by age in gluteus, but decreased in aged triceps (P = 0.023). Cytochrome-c oxidase (COX) activity per milligram tissue and per Mt unit decreased with age in gluteus (P < 0.001 for both) and triceps (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). Activity of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase per milligram tissue was unaffected by age, but increased per Mt unit in aged gluteus and triceps (P = 0.023 and P < 0.001, respectively). Mt respiration of permeabilized muscle fibers per milligram tissue was unaffected by age in both muscles. Main effects of age appeared when respiration was normalized to Mt content, with increases in LEAK, oxidative phosphorylation capacity, and electron transport system capacity (P = 0.038, P = 0.045, and P = 0.007, respectively), independent of muscle. In conclusion, equine skeletal muscle aging was accompanied by a shift in fiber-type composition, decrease in Mt density and COX activity, but preserved Mt respiratory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Sarah H White
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Lori K Warren
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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17
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Coppotelli G, Ross JM. Mitochondria in Ageing and Diseases: The Super Trouper of the Cell. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050711. [PMID: 27187361 PMCID: PMC4881533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Coppotelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden.
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Jaime M Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden.
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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18
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Gea J, Pascual S, Casadevall C, Orozco-Levi M, Barreiro E. Muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: update on causes and biological findings. J Thorac Dis 2015; 7:E418-38. [PMID: 26623119 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.08.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory and/or limb muscle dysfunction, which are frequently observed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, contribute to their disease prognosis irrespective of the lung function. Muscle dysfunction is caused by the interaction of local and systemic factors. The key deleterious etiologic factors are pulmonary hyperinflation for the respiratory muscles and deconditioning secondary to reduced physical activity for limb muscles. Nonetheless, cigarette smoke, systemic inflammation, nutritional abnormalities, exercise, exacerbations, anabolic insufficiency, drugs and comorbidities also seem to play a relevant role. All these factors modify the phenotype of the muscles, through the induction of several biological phenomena in patients with COPD. While respiratory muscles improve their aerobic phenotype (percentage of oxidative fibers, capillarization, mitochondrial density, enzyme activity in the aerobic pathways, etc.), limb muscles exhibit the opposite phenotype. In addition, both muscle groups show oxidative stress, signs of damage and epigenetic changes. However, fiber atrophy, increased number of inflammatory cells, altered regenerative capacity; signs of apoptosis and autophagy, and an imbalance between protein synthesis and breakdown are rather characteristic features of the limb muscles, mostly in patients with reduced body weight. Despite that significant progress has been achieved in the last decades, full elucidation of the specific roles of the target biological mechanisms involved in COPD muscle dysfunction is still required. Such an achievement will be crucial to adequately tackle with this relevant clinical problem of COPD patients in the near-future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Gea
- Servei de Pneumologia, Muscle & Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Hospital del Mar-I.M.I.M., Experimental Sciences and Health Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergi Pascual
- Servei de Pneumologia, Muscle & Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Hospital del Mar-I.M.I.M., Experimental Sciences and Health Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carme Casadevall
- Servei de Pneumologia, Muscle & Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Hospital del Mar-I.M.I.M., Experimental Sciences and Health Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mauricio Orozco-Levi
- Servei de Pneumologia, Muscle & Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Hospital del Mar-I.M.I.M., Experimental Sciences and Health Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Servei de Pneumologia, Muscle & Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Hospital del Mar-I.M.I.M., Experimental Sciences and Health Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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19
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Zuo L, Pannell BK. Redox Characterization of Functioning Skeletal Muscle. Front Physiol 2015; 6:338. [PMID: 26635624 PMCID: PMC4649055 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle physiology is influenced by the presence of chemically reactive molecules such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). These molecules regulate multiple redox-sensitive signaling pathways that play a critical role in cellular processes including gene expression and protein modification. While ROS have gained much attention for their harmful effects in muscle fatigue and dysfunction, research has also shown ROS to facilitate muscle adaptation after stressors such as physical exercise. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current understanding of redox signaling in skeletal muscle. ROS-induced oxidative stress and its role in the aging process are discussed. Mitochondria have been shown to generate large amounts of ROS during muscular contractions, and thus are susceptible to oxidative stress. ROS can modify proteins located in the mitochondrial membrane leading to cell death and osmotic swelling. ROS also contribute to the necrosis and inflammation of muscle fibers that is associated with muscular diseases including Duchenne muscular dystrophy. It is imperative that future research continues to investigate the exact role of ROS in normal skeletal muscle function as well as muscular dysfunction and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus, OH, USA ; Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin K Pannell
- Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus, OH, USA
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