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Chen CC, Ke CH, Wu CH, Lee HF, Chao Y, Tsai MC, Shyue SK, Chen SF. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 inhibition reduces brain damage by suppressing neuronal apoptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage. Brain Pathol 2024; 34:e13244. [PMID: 38308041 PMCID: PMC11328348 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) induces a complex sequence of apoptotic cascades and inflammatory responses, leading to neurological impairment. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), a nonselective cation channel with high calcium permeability, has been implicated in neuronal apoptosis and inflammatory responses. This study used a mouse ICH model and neuronal cultures to examine whether TRPV1 activation exacerbates brain damage and neurological deficits by promoting neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation. ICH was induced by injecting collagenase in both wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and TRPV1-/- mice. Capsaicin (CAP; a TRPV1 agonist) or capsazepine (a TRPV1 antagonist) was administered by intracerebroventricular injection 30 min before ICH induction in WT mice. The effects of genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of TRPV1 using CAP or capsazepine on motor deficits, histological damage, apoptotic responses, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and neuroinflammatory reactions were explored. The antiapoptotic mechanisms and calcium influx induced by TRPV1 inactivation were investigated in cultured hemin-stimulated neurons. TRPV1 expression was upregulated in the hemorrhagic brain, and TRPV1 was expressed in neurons, microglia, and astrocytes after ICH. Genetic deletion of TRPV1 significantly attenuated motor deficits and brain atrophy for up to 28 days. Deletion of TRPV1 also reduced brain damage, neurodegeneration, microglial activation, cytokine expression, and cell apoptosis at 1 day post-ICH. Similarly, the administration of CAP ameliorated brain damage, neurodegeneration, brain edema, BBB permeability, and cytokine expression at 1 day post-ICH. In primary neuronal cultures, pharmacological inactivation of TRPV1 by CAP attenuated neuronal vulnerability to hemin-induced injury, suppressed apoptosis, and preserved mitochondrial integrity in vitro. Mechanistically, CAP reduced hemin-stimulated calcium influx and prevented the phosphorylation of CaMKII in cultured neurons, which was associated with reduced activation of P38 and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Our results suggest that TRPV1 inhibition may be a potential therapy for ICH by suppressing mitochondria-related neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Cheng Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Gerontology and Health Care Management, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Hua Ke
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hu Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hung-Fu Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yuan Chao
- Department of Medical Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Min-Chien Tsai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Song-Kun Shyue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Szu-Fu Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Liu Y, Yan Z, Ren Y, Wang W, Ke Y, Wang Y, Qi R. Electroacupuncture inhibits hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and improves cognitive dysfunction in mice with vascular dementia via the JNK signaling pathway. Acupunct Med 2023; 41:284-296. [PMID: 36482691 DOI: 10.1177/09645284221136878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to reduce cognitive impairment in vascular dementia (VaD) patients. However, the mechanism of action remains unknown. OBJECTIVE The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway plays an important role in apoptosis. Herein, we focused on whether EA can inhibit apoptosis and alleviate cognitive impairment by regulating the JNK signaling pathway using a mouse model of VaD induced by modified bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAo). METHODS In experiment I, 60 mice were randomly divided into a Sham group, BCCAo group, BCCAo + EA group, BCCAo + Sham-EA group, BCCAo + SP group (receiving the selective JNK inhibitor SP600125) and BCCAo + SP + EA group. Morris water maze tests, TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the effect of the EA intervention on VaD. In experiment II, 30 mice were randomly divided into a Sham group, BCCAo group, BCCAo + EA group, BCCAo + SP group and BCCAo + SP + EA group. Western blotting and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to detect protein and mRNA expression of key factors in the JNK signaling pathway in the hippocampus. RESULTS EA, SP600125 and EA + SP600125 significantly inhibited hippocampal apoptosis and improved cognitive impairment in VaD model mice. There were no significant differences between the BCCAo group and the BCCAo + Sham-EA group. EA, EA + SP600125 and SP600125 inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and caspase-3. EA and EA + SP600125 promoted protein and mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in the hippocampus of VaD mice and inhibited protein and mRNA expression of activator protein (AP)-1, p53 and Bax. CONCLUSION EA can reverse cognitive deficits and inhibit hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in VaD model mice, at least partially through inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway and regulation of apoptosis signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyang Yan
- Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Yafei Ren
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Woyu Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yinze Ke
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rongming Qi
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Liu T, Li X, Cui Y, Meng P, Zeng G, Wang Y, Wang Q. Bioinformatics Analysis Identifies Potential Ferroptosis Key Genes in the Pathogenesis of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:661663. [PMID: 34163322 PMCID: PMC8215678 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.661663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a dangerous neurological disease. The mechanism of ferroptosis in ICH remains unclear. Using bioinformatics analysis, we aimed to identify the key molecules involved in ferroptosis and provide treatment targets for ICH to further explore the mechanism of ferroptosis in ICH. GSE24265 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset and intersected with ferroptosis genes. A total of 45 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected, most of which were involved in the TNF signaling pathway and oxidative stress response. Key modules constructed by the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and screening of genes related to the TNF signaling pathway led to the confirmation of the following genes of interest: MAPK1, MAPK8, TNFAIP3, ATF4, and SLC2A1. Moreover, MAPK1 was one of the key genes related to TNF signaling and oxidative stress, and it may play an important role in ferroptosis after cerebral hemorrhage. The MAPK1-related molecules included hsa-miR-15b-5P, hsa-miR-93-5P, miR-20b-5p, SNHG16, XIST, AC084219.4, RP11-379K17.11, CTC-444N24.11, GS1-358P8.4, CTB-89H12.4, RP4-773N10.5, and FGD5-AS1. We also generated a hemorrhage rat model, which was used to conduct exercise intervention in ICH rats, and qRT-PCR was used to assess the expression levels of our genes of interest. The mRNA levels after cerebral hemorrhage showed that MAPK1, ATF4, SLC2A1, and TNFAIP3 were upregulated, whereas MAPK8 was downregulated. Treadmill training increased the expression of anti-inflammatory molecules TNFAIP3 and SLC2A1 and reduced the expression of MAPK1, ATF4, and MAPK8, indicating that treadmill training may be utilized as antioxidant therapy to decrease neuronal ferroptosis. The results of this study indicated that the MAPK1-related mRNA–miRNA–lncRNA interaction chain could be potentially employed as a biomarker of the inception and progression of ferroptosis after cerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongye Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinhe Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yiteng Cui
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Pingping Meng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guanghui Zeng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Hsueh PJ, Wang MH, Hsiao CJ, Chen CK, Lin FL, Huang SH, Yen JL, Tsai PH, Kuo YH, Hsiao G. Ergosta-7,9(11),22-trien-3β-ol Alleviates Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Brain Injury and BV-2 Microglial Activation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102970. [PMID: 34067678 PMCID: PMC8156058 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by an exacerbation of neuroinflammation and neuronal injury, for which few effective therapies are available at present. Inhibition of excessive neuroglial activation has been reported to alleviate ICH-related brain injuries. In the present study, the anti-ICH activity and microglial mechanism of ergosta-7,9(11),22-trien-3β-ol (EK100), a bioactive ingredient from Asian medicinal herb Antrodia camphorate, were evaluated. Post-treatment of EK100 significantly attenuated neurobehavioral deficit and MRI-related brain lesion in the mice model of collagenase-induced ICH. Additionally, EK100 alleviated the inducible expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and the activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in the ipsilateral brain regions. Consistently, it was shown that EK100 concentration-dependently inhibited the expression of COX-2 protein in Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 activator lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglial BV-2 and primary microglial cells. Furthermore, the production of microglial prostaglandin E2 and reactive oxygen species were attenuated by EK100. EK100 also attenuated the induction of astrocytic MMP-9 activation. Among several signaling pathways, EK100 significantly and concentration-dependently inhibited activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK in LPS-activated microglial BV-2 cells. Consistently, ipsilateral JNK activation was markedly inhibited by post-ICH-treated EK100 in vivo. In conclusion, EK100 exerted the inhibitory actions on microglial JNK activation, and attenuated brain COX-2 expression, MMP-9 activation, and brain injuries in the mice ICH model. Thus, EK100 may be proposed and employed as a potential therapeutic agent for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jen Hsueh
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-J.H.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
| | - Mong-Heng Wang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Che-Jen Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-J.H.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
- Laboratory of Neural Repair, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Tayouan, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Li Lin
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Tasmania, Australia;
| | - Shu-Hsien Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-J.H.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
| | - Jing-Lun Yen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-J.H.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
| | - Ping-Huei Tsai
- Translational Imaging Research Center, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shang Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (G.H.); Tel./Fax: +886-2-23778620 (G.H.)
| | - George Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-J.H.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (G.H.); Tel./Fax: +886-2-23778620 (G.H.)
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Wang L, Yang YF, Chen L, He ZQ, Bi DY, Zhang L, Xu YW, He JC. Compound Dihuang Granule Inhibits Nigrostriatal Pathway Apoptosis in Parkinson's Disease by Suppressing the JNK/AP-1 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:621359. [PMID: 33897417 PMCID: PMC8060647 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.621359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Compound Dihuang Granule (CDG) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been shown to alleviate PD symptoms. However, the molecular mechanisms of its action have not been established. To establish the molecular mechanisms of CDG against PD, we used TCM network pharmacology methods to predict its molecular targets and signaling pathways, followed by experimental validation. The Core Protein protein interaction (PPI) network of the 150 intersections between CDG and PD-related genes, comprising 23 proteins, including CASP3 (caspase-3), MAPK8 (JNK), FOS (c-Fos), and JUN (c-Jun). KEGG and GO analyses revealed that apoptotic regulation and MAPK signaling pathways were significantly enriched. Since c-Jun and c-Fos are AP-1 subunits, an important downstream JNK effector, we investigated if the JNK/AP-1 pathway influences CDG against apoptosis through the nigrostriatal pathways in PD rat models. Molecular docking analysis found that the top three bioactive compounds exhibiting the highest Degree Centrality following online database and LC-MS analysis had high affinities for JNK. Experimental validation analysis showed that CDG decreased the number of rotating laps and suppressed the levels of phosphorylated c-Jun, c-Fos, and JNK, as well as the number of TUNEL positive cells and the cleaved caspase-3 level in the nigrostriatal pathway. Furthermore, CDG treatment elevated the number of TH neurons, TH expression level, and Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio in a 6-OHDA-induced PD rat. These findings are in tandem with those obtained using SP600125, a specific JNK inhibitor. In conclusion, CDG suppresses the apoptosis of the nigrostriatal pathway and relieves PD symptoms by suppressing the JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Experiment Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-fang Yang
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Long Chen
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu-qing He
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dian-yong Bi
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-wu Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-cheng He
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Withers SE, Parry-Jones AR, Allan SM, Kasher PR. A Multi-Model Pipeline for Translational Intracerebral Haemorrhage Research. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 11:1229-1242. [PMID: 32632777 PMCID: PMC7575484 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00830-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apart from acute and chronic blood pressure lowering, we have no specific medications to prevent intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) or improve outcomes once bleeding has occurred. One reason for this may be related to particular limitations associated with the current pre-clinical models of ICH, leading to a failure to translate into the clinic. It would seem that a breakdown in the 'drug development pipeline' currently exists for translational ICH research which needs to be urgently addressed. Here, we review the most commonly used pre-clinical models of ICH and discuss their advantages and disadvantages in the context of translational studies. We propose that to increase our chances of successfully identifying new therapeutics for ICH, a bi-directional, 2- or 3-pronged approach using more than one model species/system could be useful for confirming key pre-clinical observations. Furthermore, we highlight that post-mortem/ex-vivo ICH patient material is a precious and underused resource which could play an essential role in the verification of experimental results prior to consideration for further clinical investigation. Embracing multidisciplinary collaboration between pre-clinical and clinical ICH research groups will be essential to ensure the success of this type of approach in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Withers
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Adrian R Parry-Jones
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Stott Lane, Salford, M6 8HD, UK
| | - Stuart M Allan
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Paul R Kasher
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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Molecular Correlates of Hemorrhage and Edema Volumes Following Human Intracerebral Hemorrhage Implicate Inflammation, Autophagy, mRNA Splicing, and T Cell Receptor Signaling. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:754-777. [PMID: 33206327 PMCID: PMC8421315 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00869-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and perihematomal edema (PHE) volumes are major determinants of ICH outcomes as is the immune system which plays a significant role in damage and repair. Thus, we performed whole-transcriptome analyses of 18 ICH patients to delineate peripheral blood genes and networks associated with ICH volume, absolute perihematomal edema (aPHE) volume, and relative PHE (aPHE/ICH; rPHE). We found 440, 266, and 391 genes correlated with ICH and aPHE volumes and rPHE, respectively (p < 0.005, partial-correlation > |0.6|). These mainly represented inflammatory pathways including NF-κB, TREM1, and Neuroinflammation Signaling-most activated with larger volumes. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis identified seven modules significantly correlated with these measures (p < 0.05). Most modules were enriched in neutrophil, monocyte, erythroblast, and/or T cell-specific genes. Autophagy, apoptosis, HIF-1α, inflammatory and neuroinflammatory response (including Toll-like receptors), cell adhesion (including MMP9), platelet activation, T cell receptor signaling, and mRNA splicing were represented in these modules (FDR p < 0.05). Module hub genes, potential master regulators, were enriched in neutrophil-specific genes in three modules. Hub genes included NCF2, NCF4, STX3, and CSF3R, and involved immune response, autophagy, and neutrophil chemotaxis. One module that correlated negatively with ICH volume correlated positively with rPHE. Its genes and hubs were enriched in T cell-specific genes including hubs LCK and ITK, Src family tyrosine kinases whose modulation improved outcomes and reduced BBB dysfunction following experimental ICH. This study uncovers molecular underpinnings associated with ICH and PHE volumes and pathophysiology in human ICH, where knowledge is scarce. The identified pathways and hub genes may represent novel therapeutic targets.
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Lian L, Zhang C, He Z. Glycine-Histidine-Lysine (GHK) Alleviates Astrocytes Injury of Intracerebral Hemorrhage via the Akt/miR-146a-3p/AQP4 Pathway. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:576389. [PMID: 33192260 PMCID: PMC7658812 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.576389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major type of cerebrovascular disease with poor prognosis. Recent studies have shown that Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine (GHK) is a kind of natural human tripeptide which could inhibit inflammation and against neurodegenerative diseases, but neither its role nor the mechanisms in ICH have yet been explicit. Currently, we investigated the possible strategies of GHK on ICH injury. Neurological deficit scores, brain water content, Nissl staining, and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) immunohistochemistry were detected in different groups of rats. The expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) was examined by real-time PCR. Inflammatory factors were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell viability and cell proliferation were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), MMP9, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), AQP4 expression were detected/assessed using western blot. We observed that 5 and 10 μg/g of GHK improved neurological recovery by significantly reducing brain water content, improving neurological deficits, and promoting neuron survival. Besides, GHK alleviated inflammatory reaction and downregulated AQP4 expression. Furthermore, the effects of GHK on astrocyte were associated with the upregulation of miRNA-146a-3p, which partially regulated the expression of AQP4. Our results demonstrated that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway participated in the GHK-induced upregulation of miR-146a-3p and miR-146a-3p/AQP4 interaction plays a role in the injury following ICH. These findings suggested that GHK could provide a novel therapeutic strategy for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanzhe Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Lian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyi He
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Shi J, Cai Z, Han W, Dong B, Mao Y, Cao J, Wang S, Guan W. Stereotactic Catheter Drainage Versus Conventional Craniotomy for Severe Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the Basal Ganglia. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:1025-1032. [PMID: 31129993 PMCID: PMC6728714 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719852302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most devastating forms of cerebrovascular
pathology. However, its treatment remains a matter of debate among neurosurgeons and
neurologists. The study was to explore the efficacy of minimally invasive surgery
(stereotactic catheter drainage, SCD) for patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage
(Glasgow Coma Scale, GCS) score ≤ 8 and hematoma volume ≥ 30 cm3) and to determine
predisposing factors for good clinical outcome. A total of 75 patients with severe ICH
were included in this retrospective study. Patients were assigned to the SCD group (n=38)
or the conventional craniotomy group (n=37). Patients were followed up for 12 months
postoperatively, and their clinical parameters were compared. During the operation, the
SCD group exhibited a lower bleeding volume (p<0.001) and shorter
operating time (p<0.001) than the conventional craniotomy group. For
postoperative efficacy, the rates of pneumonia and tracheotomy were lower
(p=0.002 and p=0.027, respectively), and the duration
of hospital and neurosurgery intensive care unit (NSICU) in days were significantly
shorter in the SCD group (p=0.046 and p=0.047,
respectively). Furthermore, patients in the SCD group showed improved modified Rankin
Scale (mRS) scores at discharge (p<0.018) and at 12-month follow up
(p<0.001). Predisposing factors for good clinical outcomes were
hematoma volume (<50 cm3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.043–1.956,
p<0.046), initial GCS score (>6, 95% CI: 3.248–187.466,
p<0.001), hypertension (none, 95% CI: 1.440–2.922,
p<0.001), and treatment modality (SCD, 95% CI: 1.422–3.226,
p<0.001). Taken together, SCD surgery is safe and effective in
patients with severe ICH and has fewer complications and better clinical outcomes than
conventional craniotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shi
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhonghai Cai
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Han
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Bo Dong
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yumin Mao
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiachao Cao
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Suinuan Wang
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Guan
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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Dopamine Burden Triggers Cholesterol Overload Following Disruption of Synaptogenesis in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy. Neuroscience 2019; 410:1-15. [PMID: 31078686 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of Dopamine (DA) to minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) has been demonstrated. However, recent studies have revealed that cholesterol (CHO) treatment substantially increased the risk of dementia. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether CHO was induced by DA overload and its involvement in DA-induced cognitive impairment in MHE. Our study showed that DA treatment triggered CHO biosynthesis via the activation of JNK3/SREBP2 signaling pathway in primary cultured astrocytes. Conditioned media from DA-treated astrocytes increased CHO uptake by primary cultured neurons and disrupted synaptic formations; at the same time, inhibition of CHO synthesis and transportation from astrocytes diminished the disruption of synaptogenesis, which indicates the involvement of CHO in the perturbation of neural synaptogenesis in vitro. Secondary secretion of DA from primary cultured neurons was stimulated by CHO secreted from astrocytes. DA induced synergistic decreases of PPARγ/pERK/pCREB expressions in the presence of CHO in neurons, leading to synergistic synaptic impairment. Memory impairments were observed in MHE/DA-treated rats, which were partially rescued by atorvastatin (ATVS) treatment, confirming the involvement of CHO burden in vivo. Overall, our study suggests that DA overload triggers obvious CHO production from astrocytes. Excessive CHO in turn triggered neurons to secrete abundant DA and DA burden in combination with CHO overload elicit the cognitive decline and memory loss via PPARγ/ERK/CREB pathway in MHE.
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Ji Y, Teng L, Zhang R, Sun J, Guo Y. NRG-1β exerts neuroprotective effects against ischemia reperfusion-induced injury in rats through the JNK signaling pathway. Neuroscience 2017; 362:13-24. [PMID: 28843994 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuregulin-1β (NRG-1β) has great potential to be developed into therapeutics for neuroprotection. The aim of the current study was to analyze the effects and possible signaling pathway of NRG-1β on brain tissues in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). METHODS In order to observe the protective effect of NRG-1β on MCAO/R, the neurological deficit and infarct volume were measured using a modified neurological severity score (mNSS) test and by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. In order to detect the antagonistic effect of NRG-1β on nerve cells and the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the morphology and structure of cortical brain tissues were observed by Evans Blue (EB) staining, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Nissl staining, in situ cell death detection kit, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In order to investigate whether NRG-1β exhibited a significant neuroprotective effect via the JNK signaling pathway, the activity of JNK and the levels of phospho-MKK4, phospho-JNK, pan-JNK and phospho-c-Jun were tested using a JNK activity screening kit, immunofluorescent labeling, and western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS In the NRG-1β treatment group, accompanied with a decrease in JNK activity, the protein levels of phospho-JNK, phospho-MKK4 and phospho-c-Jun decreased, the ischemia-induced apoptosis decreased, the abnormal morphological structures of nerve cells were ameliorated, the integrity of the BBB was restored, and infarct volume was reduced. At the same time, neurological function was significantly recovered. CONCLUSION NRG-1β exerts a neuroprotective effect through the JNK signaling pathway in MCAO/R rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Ji
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China.
| | - Lei Teng
- Department of Biology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China.
| | - Jinping Sun
- Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China.
| | - Yunliang Guo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China.
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