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Chen MS, Hu CL, Jiang SK, Chong ZY, Chen JC. Modulation of secretory factors by lipofundin contributes to its anti‑neuroinflammatory effects. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:169. [PMID: 38476917 PMCID: PMC10929000 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
As the global population ages, the prevalence of neuroinflammatory diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and stroke continues to increase. Therefore, it is necessary to develop preventive and therapeutic methods against neuroinflammatory diseases. Lipofundin is a lipid emulsion commonly used in clinical anesthetic solvents and nutritional supplements. Lipid emulsions have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties. However, the potential beneficial effect of lipofundin against neuroinflammation requires elucidation. In the present study, two cell models were used to investigate the efficacy of lipofundin against neuroinflammation. In the first model, BV2 mouse microglial cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce nitric oxide (NO) production as a model of neuroinflammation. In the second model, HMC3 human microglial were activated by LPS, and changes in the secretion of factors associated with inflammation were analyzed using Luminex xMAP® technology. Griess assay results revealed that lipofundin significantly prevented and treated LPS-induced NO production. An anti-neuroinflammatory effect was also observed in HMC3 cells, where lipofundin exhibited excellent preventive and therapeutic properties by reducing the LPS-induced expression and secretion of interleukin-1β. Notably, lipofundin also promoted the secretion of certain growth factors, suggesting a potential neuroprotective effect. These results demonstrate that, in addition to its role as a solvent for drugs and nutritional support, lipofundin may also have beneficial effects in alleviating the progression of neuroinflammation. These findings may serve as an important reference for future translational medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 60002, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Lin Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 60002, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shin-Kuang Jiang
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404332, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Zhi-Yong Chong
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jui-Chieh Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan, R.O.C
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2
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Pan W, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Song Y, Han L, Tan M, Yin Y, Yang T, Jiang T, Li H. Comprehensive view of macrophage autophagy and its application in cardiovascular diseases. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13525. [PMID: 37434325 PMCID: PMC10771119 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the primary drivers of the growing public health epidemic and the leading cause of premature mortality and economic burden worldwide. With decades of research, CVDs have been proven to be associated with the dysregulation of the inflammatory response, with macrophages playing imperative roles in influencing the prognosis of CVDs. Autophagy is a conserved pathway that maintains cellular functions. Emerging evidence has revealed an intrinsic connection between autophagy and macrophage functions. This review focuses on the role and underlying mechanisms of autophagy-mediated regulation of macrophage plasticity in polarization, inflammasome activation, cytokine secretion, metabolism, phagocytosis, and the number of macrophages. In addition, autophagy has been shown to connect macrophages and heart cells. It is attributed to specific substrate degradation or signalling pathway activation by autophagy-related proteins. Referring to the latest reports, applications targeting macrophage autophagy have been discussed in CVDs, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and myocarditis. This review describes a novel approach for future CVD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqian Pan
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yiyi Song
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Lianhua Han
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Mingyue Tan
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yunfei Yin
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Tianke Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Eye & ENT HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of OphthalmologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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3
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Kaya Z, Belder N, Sever-Bahcekapili M, Donmez-Demir B, Erdener ŞE, Bozbeyoglu N, Bagci C, Eren-Kocak E, Yemisci M, Karatas H, Erdemli E, Gursel I, Dalkara T. Vesicular HMGB1 release from neurons stressed with spreading depolarization enables confined inflammatory signaling to astrocytes. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:295. [PMID: 38082296 PMCID: PMC10712196 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in inflammation is well characterized in the immune system and in response to tissue injury. More recently, HMGB1 was also shown to initiate an "inflammatory signaling cascade" in the brain parenchyma after a mild and brief disturbance, such as cortical spreading depolarization (CSD), leading to headache. Despite substantial evidence implying a role for inflammatory signaling in prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders such as migraine and depression, how HMGB1 is released from healthy neurons and how inflammatory signaling is initiated in the absence of apparent cell injury are not well characterized. We triggered a single cortical spreading depolarization by optogenetic stimulation or pinprick in naïve Swiss albino or transgenic Thy1-ChR2-YFP and hGFAP-GFP adult mice. We evaluated HMGB1 release in brain tissue sections prepared from these mice by immunofluorescent labeling and immunoelectron microscopy. EzColocalization and Costes thresholding algorithms were used to assess the colocalization of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) carrying HMGB1 with astrocyte or microglia processes. sEVs were also isolated from the brain after CSD, and neuron-derived sEVs were captured by CD171 (L1CAM). sEVs were characterized with flow cytometry, scanning electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blotting. We found that HMGB1 is released mainly within sEVs from the soma of stressed neurons, which are taken up by surrounding astrocyte processes. This creates conditions for selective communication between neurons and astrocytes bypassing microglia, as evidenced by activation of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-ĸB p65 in astrocytes but not in microglia. Transmission immunoelectron microscopy data illustrated that HMGB1 was incorporated into sEVs through endosomal mechanisms. In conclusion, proinflammatory mediators released within sEVs can induce cell-specific inflammatory signaling in the brain without activating transmembrane receptors on other cells and causing overt inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Kaya
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nevin Belder
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melike Sever-Bahcekapili
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Buket Donmez-Demir
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şefik Evren Erdener
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Naz Bozbeyoglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Bagci
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Eren-Kocak
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muge Yemisci
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hulya Karatas
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Erdemli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ihsan Gursel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Turgay Dalkara
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
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4
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Lima C, Andrade-Barros AI, Carvalho FF, Falcão MAP, Lopes-Ferreira M. Inflammasome Coordinates Senescent Chronic Wound Induced by Thalassophryne nattereri Venom. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098453. [PMID: 37176162 PMCID: PMC10179710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Thalassophryne nattereri toadfish (niquim) envenomation, common in the hands and feet of bathers and fishermen in the north and northeast regions of Brazil, is characterized by local symptoms such as immediate edema and intense pain. These symptoms progress to necrosis that lasts for an extended period of time, with delayed healing. Wound healing is a complex process characterized by the interdependent role of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial and innate cells such as neutrophils and macrophages. Macrophages and neutrophils are actively recruited to clear debris during the inflammatory phase of wound repair, promoting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, and in the late stage, macrophages promote tissue repair. Our hypothesis is that injury caused by T. nattereri venom (VTn) leads to senescent wounds. In this study, we provide valuable information about the mechanism(s) behind the dysregulated inflammation in wound healing induced by VTn. We demonstrate in mouse paws injected with the venom the installation of γH2AX/p16Ink4a-dependent senescence with persistent neutrophilic inflammation in the proliferation and remodeling phases. VTn induced an imbalance of M1/M2 macrophages by maintaining a high number of TNF-α-producing M1 macrophages in the wound but without the ability to eliminate the persistent neutrophils. Chronic neutrophilic inflammation and senescence were mediated by cytokines such as IL-1α and IL-1β in a caspase-1- and caspase-11-dependent manner. In addition, previous blocking with anti-IL-1α and anti-IL-β neutralizing antibodies and caspase-1 (Ac YVAD-CMK) and caspase-11 (Wedelolactone) inhibitors was essential to control the pro-inflammatory activity of M1 macrophages induced by VTn injection, skewing towards an anti-inflammatory state, and was sufficient to block neutrophil recruitment and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Lima
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CETICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
| | - Aline Ingrid Andrade-Barros
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CETICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Franco Carvalho
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CETICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice Pimentel Falcão
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CETICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
| | - Monica Lopes-Ferreira
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CETICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
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5
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Newborns from Mothers Who Intensely Consumed Sucralose during Pregnancy Are Heavier and Exhibit Markers of Metabolic Alteration and Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation: A Cross-Sectional, Prospective Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030650. [PMID: 36979631 PMCID: PMC10045555 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Robust data in animals show that sucralose intake during gestation can predispose the offspring to weight gain, metabolic disturbances, and low-grade systemic inflammation; however, concluding information remains elusive in humans. In this cross-sectional, prospective study, we examined the birth weight, glucose and insulin cord blood levels, monocyte subsets, and inflammatory cytokine profile in 292 neonates at term from mothers with light sucralose ingestion (LSI) of less than 60 mg sucralose/week or heavy sucralose intake (HSI) of more than 36 mg sucralose/day during pregnancy. Mothers in the LSI (n = 205) or HSI (n = 87) groups showed no differences in age, pregestational body mass index, blood pressure, and glucose tolerance. Although there were no differences in glucose, infants from HSI mothers displayed significant increases in birth weight and insulin compared to newborns from LSI mothers. Newborns from HSI mothers showed a substantial increase in the percentage of inflammatory nonclassical monocytes compared to neonates from LSI mothers. Umbilical cord tissue of infants from HSI mothers exhibited higher IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha with lower IL-10 expression than that found in newborns from LSI mothers. Present results demonstrate that heavy sucralose ingestion during pregnancy affects neonates’ anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammatory features.
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Montégut L, Joseph A, Chen H, Abdellatif M, Ruckenstuhl C, Motiño O, Lambertucci F, Anagnostopoulos G, Lachkar S, Dichtinger S, Maiuri MC, Goldwasser F, Blanchet B, Fumeron F, Martins I, Madeo F, Kroemer G. High plasma concentrations of acyl-coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP) predispose to cardiovascular disease: Evidence for a phylogenetically conserved proaging function of ACBP. Aging Cell 2022; 22:e13751. [PMID: 36510662 PMCID: PMC9835587 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy defects accelerate aging, while stimulation of autophagy decelerates aging. Acyl-coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP), which is encoded by a diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI), acts as an extracellular feedback regulator of autophagy. As shown here, knockout of the gene coding for the yeast orthologue of ACBP/DBI (ACB1) improves chronological aging, and this effect is reversed by knockout of essential autophagy genes (ATG5, ATG7) but less so by knockout of an essential mitophagy gene (ATG32). In humans, ACBP/DBI levels independently correlate with body mass index (BMI) as well as with chronological age. In still-healthy individuals, we find that high ACBP/DBI levels correlate with future cardiovascular events (such as heart surgery, myocardial infarction, and stroke), an association that is independent of BMI and chronological age, suggesting that ACBP/DBI is indeed a biomarker of "biological" aging. Concurringly, ACBP/DBI plasma concentrations correlate with established cardiovascular risk factors (fasting glucose levels, systolic blood pressure, total free cholesterol, triglycerides), but are inversely correlated with atheroprotective high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In mice, neutralization of ACBP/DBI through a monoclonal antibody attenuates anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, which is a model of accelerated heart aging. In conclusion, plasma elevation of ACBP/DBI constitutes a novel biomarker of chronological aging and facets of biological aging with a prognostic value in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Montégut
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance,Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsGustave Roussy InstitutVillejuifFrance,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris SaclayParisFrance
| | - Adrien Joseph
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance,Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsGustave Roussy InstitutVillejuifFrance,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris SaclayParisFrance,Service de médecine intensive réanimationHôpital Saint‐LouisParisFrance
| | - Hui Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance,Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsGustave Roussy InstitutVillejuifFrance,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris SaclayParisFrance
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatif
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance,Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsGustave Roussy InstitutVillejuifFrance,Department of CardiologyMedical University of GrazGrazAustria,BioTechMed‐GrazGrazAustria
| | | | - Omar Motiño
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance,Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsGustave Roussy InstitutVillejuifFrance
| | - Flavia Lambertucci
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance,Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsGustave Roussy InstitutVillejuifFrance
| | - Gerasimos Anagnostopoulos
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance,Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsGustave Roussy InstitutVillejuifFrance,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris SaclayParisFrance
| | - Sylvie Lachkar
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance,Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsGustave Roussy InstitutVillejuifFrance
| | - Silvia Dichtinger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI GrazUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance,Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsGustave Roussy InstitutVillejuifFrance
| | - François Goldwasser
- Department of Medical OncologyCochin Hospital, AP‐HPParisFrance,URP4466, Université Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Benoit Blanchet
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacochemistry UnitCochin Hospital, Paris Descartes University, CARPEM, AP‐HPParisFrance,UMR8038 CNRS, U1268 INSERM, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CARPEMParisFrance
| | - Frédéric Fumeron
- Institut Necker‐Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR‐S1151, CNRS UMR‐S8253ParisFrance
| | - Isabelle Martins
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance,Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsGustave Roussy InstitutVillejuifFrance
| | - Frank Madeo
- BioTechMed‐GrazGrazAustria,Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI GrazUniversity of GrazGrazAustria,Field of Excellence BioHealthUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Inserm U1138Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance,Metabolomics and Cell Biology PlatformsGustave Roussy InstitutVillejuifFrance,Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of BiologyHôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP‐HPParisFrance
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7
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Agmatine-mediated inhibition of NMDA receptor expression and amelioration of dyskinesia via activation of Nrf2 and suppression of HMGB1/RAGE/TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB signaling cascade in rotenone lesioned rats. Life Sci 2022; 311:121049. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Wang W, Zheng F, Zhang A. Arsenic-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis in a rat model: Contribution of the HMGB1/RAGE, PI3K/AKT, and TGF-β1/SMAD pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 432:115757. [PMID: 34673086 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have shown that arsenic exposure increases the risk of lung cancer as well as a variety of non-malignant respiratory diseases, including bronchitis and tracheobronchitis. HMGB1 is widely expressed in a variety of tissues and cells and is involved in the pathological processes of many lung diseases through binding to the corresponding receptors and activating the downstream signaling pathways. However, the exact role of HMGB1/RAGE in arsenic-induced lung injury remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether HMGB1/RAGE and its activated downstream pathways are involved in the process of arsenic exposure-induced lung injury in rats. In this study, an animal model of oral exposure to arsenic was induced using 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg NaAsO2. The results showed that capillary permeability (LDH, TP, ACP, and AKP) was increased in the arsenic exposure groups, resulting in cell damage; this was accompanied by acute inflammation marked by significant neutrophil infiltration. Meanwhile, obvious histopathological damage, including thickening of the lung epithelium, increased infiltration of inflammatory cells, rupture of the alveolar wall, swelling of the mitochondria, and chromatin agglutination was observed by H&E staining and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the results confirmed that the expressions of HMGB1 and RAGE in lung tissue were enhanced, and protein expression of PI3K, p-AKT, IL-1β, IL-18, and MMP-9 was increased in lung homogenates from the arsenic-exposed groups compared to the control group. Finally, Masson's staining results revealed arsenic-induced fibrosis and collagen deposition. Moreover, a significant increase in key fibrosis factors, including TGF-β1, p-SMAD2, p-SMAD3, and SMAD4 was observed in the lung homogenates in arsenic-exposed groups. In conclusion, the current study demonstrates that sub-chronic arsenic exposure triggers the inflammatory response and collagen fiber deposition in rat lung tissue. The potential mechanism may be closely related to activation of the pro-inflammatory-related HMGB1/RAGE pathway and initiation of the PI3K/AKT and TGF-β1/SMAD pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Fanyan Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, PR China.
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9
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Gonzalez I, Araya P, Schneider I, Lindner C, Rojas A. Pattern recognition receptors and their roles in the host response to Helicobacter pylori infection. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:1229-1238. [PMID: 34615380 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2021-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is highly prevalent, affecting 4.4 billion people globally. This pathogen is a risk factor in the pathogenesis of more than 75% of worldwide cases of gastric cancer. Pattern recognition receptors are essential in the innate immune response to H. pylori infection. They recognize conserved pathogen structures and myriad alarmins released by host cells in response to microbial components, cytokines or cellular stress, thus triggering a robust proinflammatory response, which is crucial in H. pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis. In this review, we intend to highlight the main pattern recognition receptors involved in the recognition and host response to H. pylori, as well as the main structures recognized and the subsequent inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Gonzalez
- Biomedical Research Labs, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Paulina Araya
- Biomedical Research Labs, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Ivan Schneider
- Biomedical Research Labs, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Cristian Lindner
- Biomedical Research Labs, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Labs, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, 3460000, Chile
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10
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Komlósi ZI, van de Veen W, Kovács N, Szűcs G, Sokolowska M, O'Mahony L, Akdis M, Akdis CA. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of allergic asthma. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 85:100995. [PMID: 34364680 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways, which affects more than 350 million people worldwide. It is the most common chronic disease in children, affecting at least 30 million children and young adults in Europe. Asthma is a complex, partially heritable disease with a marked heterogeneity. Its development is influenced both by genetic and environmental factors. The most common, as well as the most well characterized subtype of asthma is allergic eosinophilic asthma, which is characterized by a type 2 airway inflammation. The prevalence of asthma has substantially increased in industrialized countries during the last 60 years. The mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon are incompletely understood, however increased exposure to various environmental pollutants probably plays a role. Disease inception is thought to be enabled by a disadvantageous shift in the balance between protective and harmful lifestyle and environmental factors, including exposure to protective commensal microbes versus infection with pathogens, collectively leading to airway epithelial cell damage and disrupted barrier integrity. Epithelial cell-derived cytokines are one of the main drivers of the type 2 immune response against innocuous allergens, ultimately leading to infiltration of lung tissue with type 2 T helper (TH2) cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), M2 macrophages and eosinophils. This review outlines the mechanisms responsible for the orchestration of type 2 inflammation and summarizes the novel findings, including but not limited to dysregulated epithelial barrier integrity, alarmin release and innate lymphoid cell stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt I Komlósi
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Sqr. 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Hermann-Burchard Strasse 9, CH7265, Davos Wolfgand, Switzerland; Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Nóra Kovács
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Sqr. 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; Lung Health Hospital, Munkácsy Mihály Str. 70, 2045, Törökbálint, Hungary
| | - Gergő Szűcs
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad Sqr. 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő Str. 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Hermann-Burchard Strasse 9, CH7265, Davos Wolfgand, Switzerland; Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Department of Medicine and School of Microbiology, APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Hermann-Burchard Strasse 9, CH7265, Davos Wolfgand, Switzerland; Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Hermann-Burchard Strasse 9, CH7265, Davos Wolfgand, Switzerland; Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
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11
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Balmer EA, Faso C. The Road Less Traveled? Unconventional Protein Secretion at Parasite-Host Interfaces. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:662711. [PMID: 34109175 PMCID: PMC8182054 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.662711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein secretion in eukaryotic cells is a well-studied process, which has been known for decades and is dealt with by any standard cell biology textbook. However, over the past 20 years, several studies led to the realization that protein secretion as a process might not be as uniform among different cargos as once thought. While in classic canonical secretion proteins carry a signal sequence, the secretory or surface proteome of several organisms demonstrated a lack of such signals in several secreted proteins. Other proteins were found to indeed carry a leader sequence, but simply circumvent the Golgi apparatus, which in canonical secretion is generally responsible for the modification and sorting of secretory proteins after their passage through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These alternative mechanisms of protein translocation to, or across, the plasma membrane were collectively termed “unconventional protein secretion” (UPS). To date, many research groups have studied UPS in their respective model organism of choice, with surprising reports on the proportion of unconventionally secreted proteins and their crucial roles for the cell and survival of the organism. Involved in processes such as immune responses and cell proliferation, and including far more different cargo proteins in different organisms than anyone had expected, unconventional secretion does not seem so unconventional after all. Alongside mammalian cells, much work on this topic has been done on protist parasites, including genera Leishmania, Trypanosoma, Plasmodium, Trichomonas, Giardia, and Entamoeba. Studies on protein secretion have mainly focused on parasite-derived virulence factors as a main source of pathogenicity for hosts. Given their need to secrete a variety of substrates, which may not be compatible with canonical secretion pathways, the study of mechanisms for alternative secretion pathways is particularly interesting in protist parasites. In this review, we provide an overview on the current status of knowledge on UPS in parasitic protists preceded by a brief overview of UPS in the mammalian cell model with a focus on IL-1β and FGF-2 as paradigmatic UPS substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erina A Balmer
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Faso
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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12
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Matsunaga H, Halder SK, Ueda H. Annexin A2 Flop-Out Mediates the Non-Vesicular Release of DAMPs/Alarmins from C6 Glioma Cells Induced by Serum-Free Conditions. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030567. [PMID: 33807671 PMCID: PMC7998613 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prothymosin alpha (ProTα) and S100A13 are released from C6 glioma cells under serum-free conditions via membrane tethering mediated by Ca2+-dependent interactions between S100A13 and p40 synaptotagmin-1 (Syt-1), which is further associated with plasma membrane syntaxin-1 (Stx-1). The present study revealed that S100A13 interacted with annexin A2 (ANXA2) and this interaction was enhanced by Ca2+ and p40 Syt-1. Amlexanox (Amx) inhibited the association between S100A13 and ANXA2 in C6 glioma cells cultured under serum-free conditions in the in situ proximity ligation assay. In the absence of Amx, however, the serum-free stress results in a flop-out of ANXA2 through the membrane, without the extracellular release. The intracellular delivery of anti-ANXA2 antibody blocked the serum-free stress-induced cellular loss of ProTα, S100A13, and Syt-1. The stress-induced externalization of ANXA2 was inhibited by pretreatment with siRNA for P4-ATPase, ATP8A2, under serum-free conditions, which ablates membrane lipid asymmetry. The stress-induced ProTα release via Stx-1A, ANXA2 and ATP8A2 was also evidenced by the knock-down strategy in the experiments using oxygen glucose deprivation-treated cultured neurons. These findings suggest that starvation stress-induced release of ProTα, S100A13, and p40 Syt-1 from C6 glioma cells is mediated by the ANXA2-flop-out via energy crisis-dependent recovery of membrane lipid asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Matsunaga
- Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (H.M.); (S.K.H.)
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Sebok Kumar Halder
- Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (H.M.); (S.K.H.)
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (H.M.); (S.K.H.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-75-753-4536
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13
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Yuan X, Bhat OM, Samidurai A, Das A, Zhang Y, Li PL. Reversal of Endothelial Extracellular Vesicle-Induced Smooth Muscle Phenotype Transition by Hypercholesterolemia Stimulation: Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:597423. [PMID: 33409276 PMCID: PMC7779768 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.597423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies reported that vascular endothelial cells (ECs) secrete NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome products such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) via extracellular vesicles (EVs) under various pathological conditions. EVs represent one of the critical mechanisms mediating the cell-to-cell communication between ECs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, whether or not the inflammasome-dependent EVs directly participate in the regulation of VSMC function remains unknown. In the present study, we found that in cultured carotid ECs, atherogenic stimulation by oxysterol 7-ketocholesterol (7-Ket) induced NLRP3 inflammasome formation and activation, reduced lysosome-multivesicular bodies (MVBs) fusion, and increased secretion of EVs that contain inflammasome product IL-1β. These EC-derived IL-1β-containing EVs promoted synthetic phenotype transition of co-cultured VSMCs, whereas EVs from unstimulated ECs have the opposite effects. Moreover, acid ceramidase (AC) deficiency or lysosome inhibition further exaggerated the 7-Ket-induced release of IL-1β-containing EVs in ECs. Using a Western diet (WD)-induced hypercholesterolemia mouse model, we found that endothelial-specific AC gene knockout mice (Asah1fl/fl/ECCre) exhibited augmented WD-induced EV secretion with IL-1β and more significantly decreased the interaction of MVBs with lysosomes in the carotid arterial wall compared to their wild-type littermates (WT/WT). The endothelial AC deficiency in Asah1fl/fl/ECCre mice also resulted in enhanced VSMC phenotype transition and accelerated neointima formation. Together, these results suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent IL-1β production during hypercholesterolemia promotes VSMC phenotype transition to synthetic status via EV machinery, which is controlled by lysosomal AC activity. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into understanding the pathogenic role of endothelial NLRP3 inflammasome in vascular injury through EV-mediated EC-to-VSMC regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxu Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Owais M Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Arun Samidurai
- Pauley Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Anindita Das
- Pauley Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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14
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Moidu NA, A Rahman NS, Syafruddin SE, Low TY, Mohtar MA. Secretion of pro-oncogenic AGR2 protein in cancer. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05000. [PMID: 33005802 PMCID: PMC7519367 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anterior gradient-2 (AGR2) protein mediates the formation, breakage and isomerization of disulphide bonds during protein maturation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and contributes to the homoeostasis of the secretory pathway. AGR2 promotes tumour development and metastasis and its elevated expression is almost completely restricted to malignant tumours. Interestingly, this supposedly ER-resident protein can be localised to other compartments of cancer cells and can also be secreted into the extracellular milieu. There are emerging evidences that describe the gain-of-function activities of the extracellular AGR2, particularly in cancer development. Here, we reviewed studies detailing the expression, pathological and physiological roles associated with AGR2 and compared the duality of localization, intracellular and extracellular, with special emphasis on the later. We also discussed the possible mechanisms of AGR2 secretion as well as deliberating the functional impacts of AGR2 in cancer settings. Last, we deliberate the current therapeutic strategies and posit the potential use AGR2, as a prognosis and diagnosis marker in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurshahirah Ashikin Moidu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nisa Syakila A Rahman
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Effendi Syafruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Aiman Mohtar
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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15
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Raffaele S, Lombardi M, Verderio C, Fumagalli M. TNF Production and Release from Microglia via Extracellular Vesicles: Impact on Brain Functions. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102145. [PMID: 32977412 PMCID: PMC7598215 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine powerfully influencing diverse processes of the central nervous system (CNS) under both physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we analyze current literature describing the molecular processes involved in TNF synthesis and release from microglia, the resident immune cells of the CNS and the main source of this cytokine both in brain development and neurodegenerative diseases. A special attention has been given to the unconventional vesicular pathway of TNF, based on the emerging role of microglia-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the propagation of inflammatory signals and in mediating cell-to-cell communication. Moreover, we describe the contribution of microglial TNF in regulating important CNS functions, including the neuroinflammatory response following brain injury, the neuronal circuit formation and synaptic plasticity, and the processes of myelin damage and repair. Specifically, the available data on the functions mediated by microglial EVs carrying TNF have been scrutinized to gain insights on possible novel therapeutic strategies targeting TNF to foster CNS repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raffaele
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Marta Lombardi
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (C.V.)
| | - Claudia Verderio
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, 20129 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (C.V.)
| | - Marta Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0250318307
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16
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Zhang Y, Yu S, Xie R, Li J, Leier A, Marquez-Lago TT, Akutsu T, Smith AI, Ge Z, Wang J, Lithgow T, Song J. PeNGaRoo, a combined gradient boosting and ensemble learning framework for predicting non-classical secreted proteins. Bioinformatics 2020; 36:704-712. [PMID: 31393553 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Gram-positive bacteria have developed secretion systems to transport proteins across their cell wall, a process that plays an important role during host infection. These secretion mechanisms have also been harnessed for therapeutic purposes in many biotechnology applications. Accordingly, the identification of features that select a protein for efficient secretion from these microorganisms has become an important task. Among all the secreted proteins, 'non-classical' secreted proteins are difficult to identify as they lack discernable signal peptide sequences and can make use of diverse secretion pathways. Currently, several computational methods have been developed to facilitate the discovery of such non-classical secreted proteins; however, the existing methods are based on either simulated or limited experimental datasets. In addition, they often employ basic features to train the models in a simple and coarse-grained manner. The availability of more experimentally validated datasets, advanced feature engineering techniques and novel machine learning approaches creates new opportunities for the development of improved predictors of 'non-classical' secreted proteins from sequence data. RESULTS In this work, we first constructed a high-quality dataset of experimentally verified 'non-classical' secreted proteins, which we then used to create benchmark datasets. Using these benchmark datasets, we comprehensively analyzed a wide range of features and assessed their individual performance. Subsequently, we developed a two-layer Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) ensemble model that integrates several single feature-based models into an overall prediction framework. At this stage, LightGBM, a gradient boosting machine, was used as a machine learning approach and the necessary parameter optimization was performed by a particle swarm optimization strategy. All single feature-based LightGBM models were then integrated into a unified ensemble model to further improve the predictive performance. Consequently, the final ensemble model achieved a superior performance with an accuracy of 0.900, an F-value of 0.903, Matthew's correlation coefficient of 0.803 and an area under the curve value of 0.963, and outperforming previous state-of-the-art predictors on the independent test. Based on our proposed optimal ensemble model, we further developed an accessible online predictor, PeNGaRoo, to serve users' demands. We believe this online web server, together with our proposed methodology, will expedite the discovery of non-classically secreted effector proteins in Gram-positive bacteria and further inspire the development of next-generation predictors. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION http://pengaroo.erc.monash.edu/. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanju Zhang
- Bioinformatics Group, School of Computer Science and Information Security, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Sha Yu
- Bioinformatics Group, School of Computer Science and Information Security, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China.,Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ruopeng Xie
- Bioinformatics Group, School of Computer Science and Information Security, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China.,Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jiahui Li
- Bioinformatics Group, School of Computer Science and Information Security, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China.,Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - André Leier
- Department of Genetics, AL, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tatiana T Marquez-Lago
- Department of Genetics, AL, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tatsuya Akutsu
- Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - A Ian Smith
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VIC 3800, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Zongyuan Ge
- Monash e-Research Centre and Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Trevor Lithgow
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jiangning Song
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VIC 3800, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia
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17
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Involvement of SNARE Protein Interaction for Non-classical Release of DAMPs/Alarmins Proteins, Prothymosin Alpha and S100A13. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 41:1817-1828. [PMID: 32856232 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00950-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prothymosin alpha (ProTα) is involved in multiple cellular processes. Upon serum-free stress, ProTα lacking a signal peptide sequence is non-classically released from C6 glioma cells as a complex with Ca2+-binding cargo protein S100A13. Thus, ProTα and S100A13 are conceived to be members of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)/alarmins. However, it remains to be determined whether stress-induced release of ProTα and S100A13 involves SNARE proteins in the mechanisms underlying membrane tethering of the multiprotein complex. In the present study, we used C6 glioma cells as a model of ProTα release. In pull-down assay, p40 synaptotagmin-1 (Syt-1), a vesicular SNARE, formed a hetero-oligomeric complex with homodimeric S100A13 in a Ca2+-dependent manner. The interaction between p40 Syt-1 and S100A13 was also Ca2+-dependent in surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Immunoprecipitation using conditioned medium (CM) revealed that p40 Syt-1 was co-released with ProTα and S100A13 upon serum-free stress. In in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA), Syt-1 interacted with S100A13 upon serum-free stress in C6 glioma cells. The intracellular delivery of anti-Syt-1 IgG blocked serum free-induced release of ProTα and S100A13. Serum free-induced ProTα-EGFP release was significantly blocked by botulinum neurotoxin/C1 (BoNT/C1), which cleaves target SNARE syntaxin-1 (Stx-1). In immunocytochemistry, the cellular loss of ProTα-EGFP, S100A13, and Syt-1 was also blocked by BoNT/C1. Furthermore, the intracellular delivery of anti-Stx-1 IgG or Stx-1 siRNA treatment blocked Syt-1, S100A13 and ProTα release from C6 glioma cells. All these findings suggest that SNARE proteins play roles in stress-induced non-classical release of DAMPs/alarmins proteins, ProTα and S100A13 from C6 glioma cells.
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18
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Novák J, Vopálenský V, Pospíšek M, Vedeler A. Co-localization of Interleukin-1α and Annexin A2 at the plasma membrane in response to oxidative stress. Cytokine 2020; 133:155141. [PMID: 32615410 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and Annexin A2 (AnxA2) are pleiotropic molecules with both intracellular and extracellular roles. They share several characteristics including unconventional secretion aided by S100 proteins, anchoring of the externalized proteins at the outer surface of the plasma membrane and response to oxidative stress. Although IL-1α and AnxA2 have been implicated in a variety of biological processes, including cancer, little is known about the mechanisms of their cellular release. In the present study, employing the non-cancerous breast epithelial MCF10A cells, we demonstrate that IL-1α and AnxA2 establish a close association in response to oxidative stress. Stress conditions lead to translocation of both proteins towards lamellipodia rich in vimentin and association of full-length IL-1α and Tyr23 phosphorylated AnxA2 with the plasma membrane at peripheral sites depleted of F-actin. Notably, membrane-associated IL-1α and AnxA2 preferentially localize to the outer edges of the MCF10A cell islands, suggesting that the two proteins participate in the communication of these epithelial cells with their neighboring cells. Similarly, in U2OS osteosarcoma cell line both endogenous IL-1α and transiently produced IL-1α/EGFP associate with the plasma membrane. While benign MFC10A cells present membrane-associated IL-1α and AnxA2 at the edges of their cell islands, the aggressive cancerous U2OS cells communicate in such manner also with distant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Novák
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Václav Vopálenský
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pospíšek
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anni Vedeler
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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19
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Zhou H, Du R, Li G, Bai Z, Ma J, Mao C, Wang J, Gui H. Cannabinoid receptor 2 promotes the intracellular degradation of HMGB1 via the autophagy-lysosome pathway in macrophage. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 78:106007. [PMID: 31806570 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a late phase inflammatory mediator in many inflammatory diseases. Extracellular HMGB1 could bind to many membrane receptors to activate downstream signaling molecules and promote inflammation resulting in cell and tissue damage. In our previous work, we found cannabinoid receptor Ⅱ(CB2R) inhibited the expression of HMGB1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic models in vivo and in vitro, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The present study was aimed to explore the possible pathway through which CB2R suppressed HMGB1. Here, we found that the specific agonist of CB2R, GW405833 (GW) could induce intracellular HMGB1 degradation without influencing HMGB1 mRNA in peritoneal macrophages. Then we observed that autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) but not proteasome inhibitor MG-132 (MG) could block GW-induced HMGB1 degradation, which indicated that the autophagy-lysosome but not the ubiquitination pathway was involved in this process. Further study showed that GW could promote the integrity of autophagy flux in macrophages in terms of increased level of LC3Ⅱand decreased expression of p62 protein. It also observed that inhibition of autophagy blocked GW-induced nuclear translocation of HMGB1 in macrophages. GW could up-regulate expression of Cathepsin B (CTSB), and inhibition of CTSB blocked GW-induced HMGB1 degradation. In summary, all the data showed that activation of CB2R could promote the intracellular degradation of HMGB1 via the autophagy-lysosome pathway in macrophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Zhou
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Rao Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Zhenjiang Bai
- Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Chenmei Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China.
| | - Huan Gui
- Department of Pharmacology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215025, China.
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20
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Conway EM. Thrombin: Coagulation's master regulator of innate immunity. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:1785-1789. [PMID: 31429203 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward M Conway
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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21
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Schroder WA, Hirata TD, Le TT, Gardner J, Boyle GM, Ellis J, Nakayama E, Pathirana D, Nakaya HI, Suhrbier A. SerpinB2 inhibits migration and promotes a resolution phase signature in large peritoneal macrophages. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12421. [PMID: 31455834 PMCID: PMC6712035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SerpinB2 (plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2) has been called the "undecided serpin" with no clear consensus on its physiological role, although it is well described as an inhibitor of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA). In macrophages, pro-inflammatory stimuli usually induce SerpinB2; however, expression is constitutive in Gata6+ large peritoneal macrophages (LPM). Interrogation of expression data from human macrophages treated with a range of stimuli using a new bioinformatics tool, CEMiTool, suggested that SerpinB2 is most tightly co- and counter-regulated with genes associated with cell movement. Using LPM from SerpinB2-/- and SerpinB2R380A (active site mutant) mice, we show that migration on Matrigel was faster than for their wild-type controls. Confocal microscopy illustrated that SerpinB2 and F-actin staining overlapped in focal adhesions and lamellipodia. Genes associated with migration and extracellular matrix interactions were also identified by RNA-Seq analysis of migrating RPM from wild-type and SerpinB2R380A mice. Subsequent gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA) suggested SerpinB2 counter-regulates many Gata6-regulated genes associated with migration. These data argue that the role of SerpinB2 in macrophages is inhibition of uPA-mediated plasmin generation during cell migration. GSEA also suggested that SerpinB2 expression (likely via ensuing modulation of uPA-receptor/integrin signaling) promotes the adoption of a resolution phase signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne A Schroder
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, 4029, Australia
| | - Thiago D Hirata
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thuy T Le
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, 4029, Australia
| | - Joy Gardner
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, 4029, Australia
| | - Glen M Boyle
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, 4029, Australia
| | - Jonathan Ellis
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, 4029, Australia
| | - Eri Nakayama
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Dilan Pathirana
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, 4029, Australia
| | - Helder I Nakaya
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreas Suhrbier
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, 4029, Australia.
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22
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van den Bosch MHJ. Inflammation in osteoarthritis: is it time to dampen the alarm(in) in this debilitating disease? Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 195:153-166. [PMID: 30421798 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease that strongly reduces the quality of life in patients; However, no disease-modifying therapy is available. For a long time, OA was considered a non-inflammatory disease that was the result of 'wear-and-tear' and abnormal mechanics, and therefore many considered the term 'osteoarthritis' a misnomer. However, during the last decades the notion arose that inflammation is not only present in the majority of OA patients but, rather, actively involved in the progression of the disease. Influx of immune cells is observed in the synovium and a plethora of inflammatory mediators is present in tissues and fluids from OA patients. These mediators cause the production of degrading enzymes that break down the cartilage matrix, which is the main hallmark of OA. Alarmins, which belong to the group of danger signals, have been implicated in many inflammatory diseases. They are among the first factors to be released upon cell stress due to, for example, infection, damage and inflammation. They attract and activate cells of the immune system and therefore lie at the base of the inflammatory reaction. In this narrative review, an overview of the history of OA, the evolving concept of inflammation as important factor in the OA pathogenesis, and particularly the central role that alarmins play in the initiation and maintenance of the low-grade inflammatory response in OA, is provided. Moreover, the targeting of alarmins as a promising approach to dampen the inflammation in OA is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H J van den Bosch
- Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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23
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Yuzhalin AE, Gordon-Weeks AN, Tognoli ML, Jones K, Markelc B, Konietzny R, Fischer R, Muth A, O'Neill E, Thompson PR, Venables PJ, Kessler BM, Lim SY, Muschel RJ. Colorectal cancer liver metastatic growth depends on PAD4-driven citrullination of the extracellular matrix. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4783. [PMID: 30429478 PMCID: PMC6235861 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrullination of proteins, a post-translational conversion of arginine residues to citrulline, is recognized in rheumatoid arthritis, but largely undocumented in cancer. Here we show that citrullination of the extracellular matrix by cancer cell derived peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) is essential for the growth of liver metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC). Using proteomics, we demonstrate that liver metastases exhibit higher levels of citrullination and PAD4 than unaffected liver, primary CRC or adjacent colonic mucosa. Functional significance for citrullination in metastatic growth is evident in murine models where inhibition of citrullination substantially reduces liver metastatic burden. Additionally, citrullination of a key matrix component collagen type I promotes greater adhesion and decreased migration of CRC cells along with increased expression of characteristic epithelial markers, suggesting a role for citrullination in promoting mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition and liver metastasis. Overall, our study reveals the potential for PAD4-dependant citrullination to drive the progression of CRC liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Yuzhalin
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
| | - A N Gordon-Weeks
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - M L Tognoli
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - K Jones
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - B Markelc
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - R Konietzny
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - R Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - A Muth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - E O'Neill
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - P R Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - P J Venables
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - B M Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - S Y Lim
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - R J Muschel
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
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24
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Extracellular DAMPs in Plants and Mammals: Immunity, Tissue Damage and Repair. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:937-950. [PMID: 30293747 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Innate immune receptors, well known mediators of response to non-self-molecules and inflammation, also act as mediators of immunity triggered by 'damage-associated molecular patterns' (DAMPs). Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) cause inflammation in mammals and a rapid immune response in plants, while DAMPs trigger more complex responses, including immunity, tissue maintenance and repair. DAMPs, their receptors and downstream transduction mechanisms are often conserved within a kingdom or, due to convergent evolution, are similar across the kingdoms of life. Herein, we describe the dynamics and functionality of specific extracellular DAMP classes and their receptors in immunity, inflammation and repair of tissue damage in plants and mammals.
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25
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Archer NK, Jo JH, Lee SK, Kim D, Smith B, Ortines RV, Wang Y, Marchitto MC, Ravipati A, Cai SS, Dillen CA, Liu H, Miller RJ, Ashbaugh AG, Uppal AS, Oyoshi MK, Malhotra N, Hoff S, Garza LA, Kong HH, Segre JA, Geha RS, Miller LS. Injury, dysbiosis, and filaggrin deficiency drive skin inflammation through keratinocyte IL-1α release. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:1426-1443.e6. [PMID: 30240702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with epidermal barrier defects, dysbiosis, and skin injury caused by scratching. In particular, the barrier-defective epidermis in patients with AD with loss-of-function filaggrin mutations has increased IL-1α and IL-1β levels, but the mechanisms by which IL-1α, IL-1β, or both are induced and whether they contribute to the aberrant skin inflammation in patients with AD is unknown. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the mechanisms through which skin injury, dysbiosis, and increased epidermal IL-1α and IL-1β levels contribute to development of skin inflammation in a mouse model of injury-induced skin inflammation in filaggrin-deficient mice without the matted mutation (ft/ft mice). METHODS Skin injury of wild-type, ft/ft, and myeloid differentiation primary response gene-88-deficient ft/ft mice was performed, and ensuing skin inflammation was evaluated by using digital photography, histologic analysis, and flow cytometry. IL-1α and IL-1β protein expression was measured by means of ELISA and visualized by using immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Composition of the skin microbiome was determined by using 16S rDNA sequencing. RESULTS Skin injury of ft/ft mice induced chronic skin inflammation involving dysbiosis-driven intracellular IL-1α release from keratinocytes. IL-1α was necessary and sufficient for skin inflammation in vivo and secreted from keratinocytes by various stimuli in vitro. Topical antibiotics or cohousing of ft/ft mice with unaffected wild-type mice to alter or intermix skin microbiota, respectively, resolved the skin inflammation and restored keratinocyte intracellular IL-1α localization. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, skin injury, dysbiosis, and filaggrin deficiency triggered keratinocyte intracellular IL-1α release that was sufficient to drive chronic skin inflammation, which has implications for AD pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan K Archer
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Jay-Hyun Jo
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Steven K Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Dongwon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Barbara Smith
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Roger V Ortines
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Mark C Marchitto
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Advaitaa Ravipati
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Shuting S Cai
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Carly A Dillen
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Haiyun Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Robert J Miller
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Alyssa G Ashbaugh
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Angad S Uppal
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Michiko K Oyoshi
- Division of Immunology, Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Nidhi Malhotra
- Division of Immunology, Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Sabine Hoff
- Division of Immunology, Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; TRG Oncology III, Drug Discovery, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luis A Garza
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Heidi H Kong
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Julia A Segre
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Lloyd S Miller
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.
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26
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Kim J, Gee HY, Lee MG. Unconventional protein secretion – new insights into the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of human diseases. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:131/12/jcs213686. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.213686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Most secretory proteins travel through a well-documented conventional secretion pathway involving the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex. However, recently, it has been shown that a significant number of proteins reach the plasma membrane or extracellular space via unconventional routes. Unconventional protein secretion (UPS) can be divided into two types: (i) the extracellular secretion of cytosolic proteins that do not bear a signal peptide (i.e. leaderless proteins) and (ii) the cell-surface trafficking of signal-peptide-containing transmembrane proteins via a route that bypasses the Golgi. Understanding the UPS pathways is not only important for elucidating the mechanisms of intracellular trafficking pathways but also has important ramifications for human health, because many of the proteins that are unconventionally secreted by mammalian cells and microorganisms are associated with human diseases, ranging from common inflammatory diseases to the lethal genetic disease of cystic fibrosis. Therefore, it is timely and appropriate to summarize and analyze the mechanisms of UPS involvement in disease pathogenesis, as they may be of use for the development of new therapeutic approaches. In this Review, we discuss the intracellular trafficking pathways of UPS cargos, particularly those related to human diseases. We also outline the disease mechanisms and the therapeutic potentials of new strategies for treating UPS-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Heon Yung Gee
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Min Goo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
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27
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Tang Z, Zang N, Fu Y, Ye Z, Chen S, Mo S, Ren L, Liu E. HMGB1 mediates HAdV-7 infection-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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28
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Sato S. Cytosolic Galectins and Their Release and Roles as Carbohydrate-Binding Proteins in Host–Pathogen Interaction. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2018. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1739.1se] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Sato
- Glycobiology and Bioimaging Laboratory, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University
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29
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Redefining the ancestral origins of the interleukin-1 superfamily. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1156. [PMID: 29559685 PMCID: PMC5861070 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor and ligand families are components of the immune system. Knowledge of their evolutionary history is essential to understand their function. Using chromosomal anatomy and sequence similarity, we show that IL-1 receptor family members are related and nine members are likely formed from duplication and modification of a proto-IL-1R1 receptor. The IL-1 ligands have a different evolutionary history. The first proto-IL-1β gene coincided with proto-IL-1R1 and duplication events resulted in the majority of IL-1 ligand family members. However, large evolutionary distances are observed for IL-1α, IL-18 and IL-33 proteins. Further analysis show that IL-33 and IL-18 have poor sequence similarity and no chromosomal evidence of common ancestry with the IL-1β cluster and therefore should not be included in the IL-1 ligand ancestral family. IL-1α formed from the duplication of IL-1β, and moonlighting functions of pro-IL-1α acted as divergent selection pressures for the observed sequence dissimilarity.
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30
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Regulation of Tumor Progression by Programmed Necrosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3537471. [PMID: 29636841 PMCID: PMC5831895 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3537471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rapidly growing malignant tumors frequently encounter hypoxia and nutrient (e.g., glucose) deprivation, which occurs because of insufficient blood supply. This results in necrotic cell death in the core region of solid tumors. Necrotic cells release their cellular cytoplasmic contents into the extracellular space, such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), which is a nonhistone nuclear protein, but acts as a proinflammatory and tumor-promoting cytokine when released by necrotic cells. These released molecules recruit immune and inflammatory cells, which exert tumor-promoting activity by inducing angiogenesis, proliferation, and invasion. Development of a necrotic core in cancer patients is also associated with poor prognosis. Conventionally, necrosis has been thought of as an unregulated process, unlike programmed cell death processes like apoptosis and autophagy. Recently, necrosis has been recognized as a programmed cell death, encompassing processes such as oncosis, necroptosis, and others. Metabolic stress-induced necrosis and its regulatory mechanisms have been poorly investigated until recently. Snail and Dlx-2, EMT-inducing transcription factors, are responsible for metabolic stress-induced necrosis in tumors. Snail and Dlx-2 contribute to tumor progression by promoting necrosis and inducing EMT and oncogenic metabolism. Oncogenic metabolism has been shown to play a role(s) in initiating necrosis. Here, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic stress-induced programmed necrosis that promote tumor progression and aggressiveness.
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31
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CRISPR/Cas9 mediated mutation of mouse IL-1α nuclear localisation sequence abolishes expression. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17077. [PMID: 29213066 PMCID: PMC5719027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17387-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a host defense process against infection. Inflammatory mediators include cytokines of the interleukin-1 family, such as IL-1α and IL-1β. Unlike IL-1β, IL-1α carries an N-terminal nuclear localisation sequence (NLS) and is trafficked to the nucleus. The importance of IL-1α nuclear localisation is poorly understood. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to make inactivating mutations to the NLS on the Il1a gene. A colony of NLS mutant mice was successfully generated with precise knock-in mutations to incapacitate NLS function. NLS mutant mice had no gross changes in immunophenotype or inflammatory response but, surprisingly, failed to express IL-1α. We deduced that, in making specific mutations in the Il1a gene, we also mutated a long-noncoding (lnc)RNA in the complementary strand which has cis-regulatory transcriptional control of the Il1a gene itself. The mutations generated in the Il1a gene also result in mutation of the lncRNA sequence and a predicted alteration of its secondary structure, potentially explaining a subsequent failure to function as a transcriptional activator of Il1a expression. Thus, lncRNA secondary structure may regulate IL-1α expression. Our results serve as a cautionary note that CRISPR -mediated genome editing without full knowledge of genomic context can result in unexpected, yet potentially informative observations.
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32
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Brough D, Pelegrin P, Nickel W. An emerging case for membrane pore formation as a common mechanism for the unconventional secretion of FGF2 and IL-1β. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:3197-3202. [PMID: 28871048 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.204206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular proteins with important signalling roles in processes, such as inflammation and angiogenesis, are known to employ unconventional routes of protein secretion. Although mechanisms of unconventional protein secretion are beginning to emerge, the precise molecular details have remained elusive for the majority of cargo proteins secreted by unconventional means. Recent findings suggest that for two examples of unconventionally secreted proteins, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), the common molecular principle of pore formation may be shared. Under specific experimental conditions, secretion of IL-1β and FGF2 is triggered by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2]-dependent formation of pores across the plasma membrane. However, the underlying mechanisms are different, with FGF2 known to directly interact with PI(4,5)P2, whereas in the case of IL-1β secretion, it is proposed that the N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D interacts with PI(4,5)P2 to form the pore. Thus, although implemented in different ways, these findings suggest that pore formation may be shared by the unconventional secretion mechanisms for FGF2 and IL-1β in at least some cases. In this Opinion article, we discuss the unconventional mechanisms of FGF2 and IL-1β release with a particular emphasis on recent discoveries suggesting the importance of pore formation on the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Brough
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Pablo Pelegrin
- Grupo de Inflamación Molecular, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Walter Nickel
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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33
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Loxham M, Davies DE. Phenotypic and genetic aspects of epithelial barrier function in asthmatic patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139:1736-1751. [PMID: 28583446 PMCID: PMC5457128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The bronchial epithelium is continuously exposed to a multitude of noxious challenges in inhaled air. Cellular contact with most damaging agents is reduced by the action of the mucociliary apparatus and by formation of a physical barrier that controls passage of ions and macromolecules. In conjunction with these defensive barrier functions, immunomodulatory cross-talk between the bronchial epithelium and tissue-resident immune cells controls the tissue microenvironment and barrier homeostasis. This is achieved by expression of an array of sensors that detect a wide variety of viral, bacterial, and nonmicrobial (toxins and irritants) agents, resulting in production of many different soluble and cell-surface molecules that signal to cells of the immune system. The ability of the bronchial epithelium to control the balance of inhibitory and activating signals is essential for orchestrating appropriate inflammatory and immune responses and for temporally modulating these responses to limit tissue injury and control the resolution of inflammation during tissue repair. In asthmatic patients abnormalities in many aspects of epithelial barrier function have been identified. We postulate that such abnormalities play a causal role in immune dysregulation in the airways by translating gene-environment interactions that underpin disease pathogenesis and exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Loxham
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences and the Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Donna E Davies
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences and the Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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34
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Kolb JP, Oguin TH, Oberst A, Martinez J. Programmed Cell Death and Inflammation: Winter Is Coming. Trends Immunol 2017; 38:705-718. [PMID: 28734635 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The life of an organism requires the assistance of an unlikely process: programmed cell death. Both development and the maintenance of homeostasis result in the production of superfluous cells that must eventually be disposed of. Furthermore, programmed cell death can also represent a defense mechanism; for example, by depriving pathogens of a replication niche. The responsibility of handling these dead cells falls on phagocytes of the immune system, which surveil their surroundings for dying or dead cells and efficiently clear them in a quiescent manner. This process, termed efferocytosis, depends on cooperation between the phagocyte and the dying cell. In this review we explore different types of programmed cell death and their impact on innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Kolb
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Thomas H Oguin
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Andrew Oberst
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA.
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