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Rundblad A, Sandoval V, Holven KB, Ordovás JM, Ulven SM. Omega-3 fatty acids and individual variability in plasma triglyceride response: A mini-review. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102730. [PMID: 37150150 PMCID: PMC10184047 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Supplementation with the marine omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is associated with lower CVD risk. However, results from randomized controlled trials that examine the effect of omega-3 supplementation on CVD risk are inconsistent. This risk-reducing effect may be mediated by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and serum triglyceride (TG) levels. However, not all individuals respond by reducing TG levels after omega-3 supplementation. This inter-individual variability in TG response to omega-3 supplementation is not fully understood. Hence, we aim to review the evidence for how interactions between omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and genetic variants, epigenetic and gene expression profiling, gut microbiota and habitual intake of omega-3 fatty acids can explain why the TG response differs between individuals. This may contribute to understanding the current controversies and play a role in defining future personalized guidelines to prevent CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rundblad
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1046 Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Viviana Sandoval
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1046 Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway; Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Gral. Lagos 1025, 5110693, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Kirsten B Holven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1046 Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - José M Ordovás
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, USDA ARS, JM-USDA Human Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stine M Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O Box 1046 Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.
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2
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Keathley J, Garneau V, Marcil V, Mutch DM, Robitaille J, Rudkowska I, Sofian GM, Desroches S, Vohl MC. Nutrigenetics, omega-3 and plasma lipids/lipoproteins/apolipoproteins with evidence evaluation using the GRADE approach: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e054417. [PMID: 35193914 PMCID: PMC8867311 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite the uptake of nutrigenetic testing through direct-to-consumer services and healthcare professionals, systematic reviews determining scientific validity are limited in this field. The objective of this review was to: retrieve, synthesise and assess the quality of evidence (confidence) for nutrigenetic approaches related to the effect of genetic variation on plasma lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein responsiveness to omega-3 fatty acid intake. DESIGN A systematic review was conducted using three search engines (Embase, Web of Science and Medline) for articles published up until 1 August 2020. We aimed to systematically search, identify (select) and provide a narrative synthesis of all studies that assessed nutrigenetic associations/interactions for genetic variants (comparators) influencing the plasma lipid, lipoprotein and/or apolipoprotein response (outcomes) to omega-3 fatty acid intake (intervention/exposure) in humans-both paediatric and adult populations (population). We further aimed to assess the overall quality of evidence for specific priority nutrigenetic associations/interactions based on the following inclusion criteria: nutrigenetic associations/interactions reported for the same genetic variants (comparators) influencing the same plasma lipid, lipoprotein and/or apolipoprotein response (outcomes) to omega-3 fatty acid intake (intervention/exposure) in humans-both paediatric and adult populations (population) in at least two independent studies, irrespective of the findings. Risk of bias was assessed in individual studies. Evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach with a modification to further consider biological plausibility. RESULTS Out of 1830 articles screened, 65 met the inclusion criteria for the narrative synthesis (n=23 observational, n=42 interventional); of these, 25 met the inclusion criteria for GRADE evidence evaluation. Overall, current evidence is insufficient for gene-diet associations related to omega-3 fatty acid intake on plasma apolipoproteins, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and LDL particle size. However, there is strong (GRADE rating: moderate quality) evidence to suggest that male APOE-E4 carriers (rs429358, rs7412) exhibit significant triglyceride reductions in response to omega-3-rich fish oil with a dose-response effect. Moreover, strong (GRADE rating: high quality) evidence suggests that a 31-SNP nutrigenetic risk score can predict plasma triglyceride responsiveness to omega-3-rich fish oil in adults with overweight/obesity from various ethnicities. CONCLUSIONS Most evidence in this area is weak, but two specific nutrigenetic interactions exhibited strong evidence, with generalisability limited to specific populations. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020185087.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Keathley
- Université Laval, Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF) Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Universite Laval, School of Nutrition, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique Garneau
- Université Laval, Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF) Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Universite Laval, School of Nutrition, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valérie Marcil
- Department of Nutrition, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David M Mutch
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie Robitaille
- Université Laval, Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF) Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Universite Laval, School of Nutrition, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Sophie Desroches
- Université Laval, Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF) Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Universite Laval, School of Nutrition, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Université Laval, Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF) Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Universite Laval, School of Nutrition, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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3
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Drogalis-Kim D, Cheifetz I, Robbins N. Early nutritional influences of cardiovascular health. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 19:1063-1073. [PMID: 34927523 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2021.2021070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increasing evidence shows that nutritional choices during children's formative years, including prenatally, impacts the development of adult onset cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, or stroke. AREAS COVERED This literature review aims to synthesize the current body of evidence on nutritional factors, from conception through adolescence, which may influence a person's risk factors for future development of CVD. EXPERT OPINION Given the escalating healthcare costs associated with CVD, it is imperative that medical professionals and scientists remain steadfast in prioritizing and promoting early CVD prevention, even within the first few years of life. Though not the only contributing risk factor, diet is a modifiable risk factor and has been shown to have a profound impact on the reduction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adult literature. Nutritional choices should be targeted on multiple levels: prenatally with the mother, individually with the patient, in conjunction with their family unit, and also within the broader community wherein they reside. Healthcare providers can play a key advocacy role for local and national food environment policy changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Drogalis-Kim
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ira Cheifetz
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Divisions of Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care and Cardiology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nathaniel Robbins
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Takeshita LY, Davidsen PK, Herbert JM, Antczak P, Hesselink MKC, Schrauwen P, Weisnagel SJ, Robbins JM, Gerszten RE, Ghosh S, Sarzynski MA, Bouchard C, Falciani F. Genomics and transcriptomics landscapes associated to changes in insulin sensitivity in response to endurance exercise training. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23314. [PMID: 34857871 PMCID: PMC8639975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98792-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite good adherence to supervised endurance exercise training (EET), some individuals experience no or little improvement in peripheral insulin sensitivity. The genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are currently not understood. By investigating genome-wide variants associated with baseline and exercise-induced changes (∆) in insulin sensitivity index (Si) in healthy volunteers, we have identified novel candidate genes whose mouse knockouts phenotypes were consistent with a causative effect on Si. An integrative analysis of functional genomic and transcriptomic profiles suggests genetic variants have an aggregate effect on baseline Si and ∆Si, focused around cholinergic signalling, including downstream calcium and chemokine signalling. The identification of calcium regulated MEF2A transcription factor as the most statistically significant candidate driving the transcriptional signature associated to ∆Si further strengthens the relevance of calcium signalling in EET mediated Si response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Y. Takeshita
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK
| | - Peter K. Davidsen
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK
| | - John M. Herbert
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK
| | - Philipp Antczak
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB UK ,grid.411097.a0000 0000 8852 305XCenter for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthijs K. C. Hesselink
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S. John Weisnagel
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Diabetes Research Unit, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CRCHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, Canada
| | - Jeremy M. Robbins
- grid.239395.70000 0000 9011 8547Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Robert E. Gerszten
- grid.239395.70000 0000 9011 8547Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- grid.428397.30000 0004 0385 0924Centre for Computational Biology and Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark A. Sarzynski
- grid.254567.70000 0000 9075 106XDepartment of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- grid.250514.70000 0001 2159 6024Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - Francesco Falciani
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
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5
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Zhou Q, Guo H, Yu C, Huang XR, Liang L, Zhang P, Yu J, Zhang J, Chan TF, Ma RCW, Lan HY. Identification of Smad3-related transcriptomes in type-2 diabetic nephropathy by whole transcriptome RNA sequencing. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:2052-2068. [PMID: 33369170 PMCID: PMC7882931 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Smad3 deficiency prevents the development of type 2 diabetic nephropathy; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify Smad3‐related genes involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. High‐throughput RNA sequencing was performed to profile the whole transcriptome in the diabetic kidney of Smad3 WT‐db/db, Smad3 KO‐db/db, Smad3+/− db/db and their littermate control db/m mice at 20 weeks. The gene ontology, pathways and alternative splicing of differentially expressed protein‐coding genes and long non‐coding RNAs related to Smad3 in diabetic kidney were analysed. Compared to Smad3 WT‐db/db mice, Smad3 KO‐db/db mice exhibited an alteration of genes associated with RNA splicing and metabolism, whereas heterozygosity deletion of Smad3 (Smad3+/− db/db mice) significantly altered genes related to cell division and cell cycle. Notably, three protein‐coding genes (Upk1b, Psca and Gdf15) and two lncRNAs (NONMMUG023520.2 and NONMMUG032975.2) were identified to be Smad3‐dependent and to be associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy. By using whole transcriptome RNA sequencing, we identified novel Smad3 transcripts related to the development of diabetic nephropathy. Thus, targeting these transcripts may represent a novel and effective therapy for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghong Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaolun Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunological and Genetic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liying Liang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Puhua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianwen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jizhou Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ting-Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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6
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Yang Y, Wang H, Li G, Liu Y, Wang C, He D. Exploring the genetic basis of fatty liver development in geese. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14279. [PMID: 32868783 PMCID: PMC7459336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although geese possess an adaptive physiological capacity for lipid storage, few candidate genes contributing to this ability are characterised. By comparing the genomes of individuals with extremely high and low fatty liver weights (FLW), candidate genes were identified, including ARAP2, GABRE, and IL6. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in or near these genes were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with carcass traits (FLW) and biochemical indexes (very-low-density lipoprotein and N-terminal procollagen III), suggesting contribution to trait variation. A common variant at the 5'-end of LCORL explained ~ 18% and ~ 26% of the phenotypic variance in body weight with/without overfeeding and had significant effects on FLW (p < 0.01). ZFF36L1, ARHGEF1 and IQCJ, involved in bile acid metabolism, blood pressure, and lipid concentration modulation, were also identified. The presence of highly divergent haplotypes within these genes suggested involvement in protection against negative effects from excessive lipids in the liver or circulatory system. Based on this and transcriptomic data, we concluded that geese hepatosteatosis results from severe imbalance between lipid accumulation and secretion, comparable to human non-alcohol fatty liver disease but involving other genes. Our results provided valuable insights into the genesis of geese fatty liver and detected potential target genes for treatment of lipid-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhou Yang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Huiying Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangquan Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, People's Republic of China
| | - Daqian He
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Vallée Marcotte B, Allaire J, Guénard F, de Toro-Martín J, Couture P, Lamarche B, Vohl MC. Genetic risk prediction of the plasma triglyceride response to independent supplementations with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids: the ComparED Study. GENES AND NUTRITION 2020; 15:10. [PMID: 32539794 PMCID: PMC7294612 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-020-00669-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously built a genetic risk score (GRS) highly predictive of the plasma triglyceride (TG) response to an omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) supplementation from marine sources. The objective of the present study was to test the potential of this GRS to predict the plasma TG responsiveness to supplementation with either eicosapentaenoic (EPA) or docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids in the Comparing EPA to DHA (ComparED) Study. METHODS The ComparED Study is a double-blind, controlled, crossover trial, with participants randomized to three supplemented phases of 10 weeks each: (1) 2.7 g/day of DHA, (2) 2.7 g/day of EPA, and (3) 3 g/day of corn oil (control), separated by 9-week washouts. The 31 SNPs used to build the previous GRS were genotyped in 122 participants of the ComparED Study using TaqMan technology. The GRS for each participant was computed by summing the number of rare alleles. Ordinal and binary logistic models, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index, were used to calculate the ability of the GRS to predict TG responsiveness. RESULTS The GRS predicted TG responsiveness to EPA supplementation (p = 0.006), and a trend was observed for DHA supplementation (p = 0.08). The exclusion of participants with neutral TG responsiveness clarified the association patterns and the predictive capability of the GRS (EPA, p = 0.0003, DHA p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Results of the present study suggest that the constructed GRS is a good predictor of the plasma TG response to supplementation with either DHA or EPA. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01810003. The study protocol was registered on March 4, 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Vallée Marcotte
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF)), Université Laval, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd., Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Janie Allaire
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF)), Université Laval, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd., Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Guénard
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF)), Université Laval, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd., Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Juan de Toro-Martín
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF)), Université Laval, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd., Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Couture
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF)), Université Laval, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd., Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,CHU de Québec Research Center-Endocrinology and Nephrology, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF)), Université Laval, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd., Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société-Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF)), Université Laval, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd., Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
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8
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Rushing A, Sommer EC, Zhao S, Po'e EK, Barkin SL. Salivary epigenetic biomarkers as predictors of emerging childhood obesity. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:34. [PMID: 32059710 PMCID: PMC7023819 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-0968-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetics could facilitate greater understanding of disparities in the emergence of childhood obesity. While blood is a common tissue used in human epigenetic studies, saliva is a promising tissue. Our prior findings in non-obese preschool-aged Hispanic children identified 17 CpG dinucleotides for which differential methylation in saliva at baseline was associated with maternal obesity status. The current study investigated to what extent baseline DNA methylation in salivary samples in these 3-5-year-old Hispanic children predicted the incidence of childhood obesity in a 3-year prospective cohort. METHODS We examined a subsample (n = 92) of Growing Right Onto Wellness (GROW) trial participants who were randomly selected at baseline, prior to randomization, based on maternal phenotype (obese or non-obese). Baseline saliva samples were collected using the Oragene DNA saliva kit. Objective data were collected on child height and weight at baseline and 36 months later. Methylation arrays were processed using standard protocol. Associations between child obesity at 36 months and baseline salivary methylation at the previously identified 17 CpG dinucleotides were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS Among the n = 75 children eligible for analysis, baseline methylation of Cg1307483 (NRF1) was significantly associated with emerging childhood obesity at 36-month follow-up (OR = 2.98, p = 0.04), after adjusting for child age, gender, child baseline BMI-Z, and adult baseline BMI. This translates to a model-estimated 48% chance of child obesity at 36-month follow-up for a child at the 75th percentile of NRF1 baseline methylation versus only a 30% chance of obesity for a similar child at the 25th percentile. Consistent with other studies, a higher baseline child BMI-Z during the preschool period was associated with the emergence of obesity 3 years later, but baseline methylation of NRF1 was associated with later obesity even after adjusting for child baseline BMI-Z. CONCLUSIONS Saliva offers a non-invasive means of DNA collection and epigenetic analysis. Our proof of principle study provides sound empirical evidence supporting DNA methylation in salivary tissue as a potential predictor of subsequent childhood obesity for Hispanic children. NFR1 could be a target for further exploration of obesity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rushing
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Evan C Sommer
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2146 Belcourt Ave, Nashville, TN, 37232-9225, USA
| | - Shilin Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 571 Preston Research Building, 2220 Pierce Ave, Nashville, TN, 37232-6838, USA
| | - Eli K Po'e
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2146 Belcourt Ave, Nashville, TN, 37232-9225, USA
| | - Shari L Barkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2200 Children's Way, Doctor's Office Tower 8232, Nashville, TN, 37232-9225, USA.
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9
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Irimie AI, Braicu C, Pasca S, Magdo L, Gulei D, Cojocneanu R, Ciocan C, Olariu A, Coza O, Berindan-Neagoe I. Role of Key Micronutrients from Nutrigenetic and Nutrigenomic Perspectives in Cancer Prevention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55060283. [PMID: 31216637 PMCID: PMC6630934 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55060283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Regarding cancer as a genetic multi-factorial disease, a number of aspects need to be investigated and analyzed in terms of cancer's predisposition, development and prognosis. One of these multi-dimensional factors, which has gained increased attention in the oncological field due to its unelucidated role in risk assessment for cancer, is diet. Moreover, as studies advance, a clearer connection between diet and the molecular alteration of patients is becoming identifiable and quantifiable, thereby replacing the old general view associating specific phenotypical changes with the differential intake of nutrients. Respectively, there are two major fields concentrated on the interrelation between genome and diet: nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. Nutrigenetics studies the effects of nutrition at the gene level, whereas nutrigenomics studies the effect of nutrients on genome and transcriptome patterns. By precisely evaluating the interaction between the genomic profile of patients and their nutrient intake, it is possible to envision a concept of personalized medicine encompassing nutrition and health care. The list of nutrients that could have an inhibitory effect on cancer development is quite extensive, with evidence in the scientific literature. The administration of these nutrients showed significant results in vitro and in vivo regarding cancer inhibition, although more studies regarding administration in effective doses in actual patients need to be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Iulia Irimie
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Division Dental Propaedeutics, Aesthetic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Sergiu Pasca
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Lorand Magdo
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Diana Gulei
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Roxana Cojocneanu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cristina Ciocan
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Andrei Olariu
- Nordlogic Software, 10-12, Rene Descartes Street 400486 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ovidiu Coza
- Department of Radiotherapy with High Energies and Brachytherapy, Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Street Republicii, No. 34-36, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Radiotherapy and Medical Oncology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Street Louis Pasteur, No. 4, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 23 Marinescu Street, 40015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta" The Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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10
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Vallée Marcotte B, Guénard F, Lemieux S, Couture P, Rudkowska I, Calder PC, Minihane AM, Vohl MC. Fine mapping of genome-wide association study signals to identify genetic markers of the plasma triglyceride response to an omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:176-185. [PMID: 30624603 PMCID: PMC6358031 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach, our group previously computed a genetic risk score (GRS) from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 10 loci that affect the plasma triglyceride (TG) response to an omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid (FA) supplementation. Objectives The objective was to compute a novel and more refined GRS using fine mapping to include a large number of genetic variants. Methods A total of 208 participants of the Fatty Acid Sensor (FAS) Study received 5 g fish oil/d, containing 1.9-2.2 g eicosapentaenoic acid and 1.1 g docosahexanoic acid, for 6 wk. Plasma TG concentrations were measured before and after supplementation. Dense genotyping and genotype imputation were used to refine mapping around GWAS hits. A GRS was computed by summing the number of at-risk alleles of tagging SNPs. Analyses were replicated in samples of the FINGEN study. Results A total of 31 tagging SNPs associated with the TG response were used for GRS calculation in the FAS study. In a general linear model adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index, the GRS explained 49.73% of TG response variance (P < 0.0001). Nonresponders to the n-3 FA supplementation had a higher GRS than did responders. In the FINGEN replication study, the GRS explained 3.67% of TG response variance (P = 0.0006). Conclusions Fine mapping proved to be effective to refine the previous GRS. Carrying increasing numbers of at-risk alleles of 31 SNPs confers a higher risk of being nonresponsive to n-3 FAs. The genetic profile therefore appears to be an important determinant of the plasma TG response to an n-3 FA supplementation and could be used to target those most likely to gain clinical benefit. This trial was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01343342.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédéric Guénard
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Couture
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- CHU de Québec Research Center–Endocrinology and Nephrology, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- CHU de Québec Research Center–Endocrinology and Nephrology, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philip C Calder
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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11
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He Z, Zhang R, Jiang F, Hou W, Hu C. Role of genetic and environmental factors in DNA methylation of lipid metabolism. Genes Dis 2017; 5:9-15. [PMID: 30258929 PMCID: PMC6146210 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of recent studies revealed that DNA methylation plays a central role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. DNA methylation modifications are important regulators of transcriptional networks that do not affect the DNA sequence and can translate genetic variants and environmental factors into phenotypic traits. Therefore, elucidating the factors that underlie inter-individual DNA methylation variations gives us an opportunity to predict diseases and interfere with the establishment of aberrant DNA methylation early. In this review, we summarize the findings of DNA methylation-related studies focused on unravelling the potential role of genetic and environmental factors in DNA methylation and the regulatory effect of DNA methylation on gene expression in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Hou
- Fengxian Central Hospital, Affiliated to Southern Medical University, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai, China
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12
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Ramos-Lopez O, Milagro FI, Allayee H, Chmurzynska A, Choi MS, Curi R, De Caterina R, Ferguson LR, Goni L, Kang JX, Kohlmeier M, Marti A, Moreno LA, Pérusse L, Prasad C, Qi L, Reifen R, Riezu-Boj JI, San-Cristobal R, Santos JL, Martínez JA. Guide for Current Nutrigenetic, Nutrigenomic, and Nutriepigenetic Approaches for Precision Nutrition Involving the Prevention and Management of Chronic Diseases Associated with Obesity. JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS 2017; 10:43-62. [PMID: 28689206 DOI: 10.1159/000477729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic diseases, including obesity, are major causes of morbidity and mortality in most countries. The adverse impacts of obesity and associated comorbidities on health remain a major concern due to the lack of effective interventions for prevention and management. Precision nutrition is an emerging therapeutic approach that takes into account an individual's genetic and epigenetic information, as well as age, gender, or particular physiopathological status. Advances in genomic sciences are contributing to a better understanding of the role of genetic variants and epigenetic signatures as well as gene expression patterns in the development of diverse chronic conditions, and how they may modify therapeutic responses. This knowledge has led to the search for genetic and epigenetic biomarkers to predict the risk of developing chronic diseases and personalizing their prevention and treatment. Additionally, original nutritional interventions based on nutrients and bioactive dietary compounds that can modify epigenetic marks and gene expression have been implemented. Although caution must be exercised, these scientific insights are paving the way for the design of innovative strategies for the control of chronic diseases accompanying obesity. This document provides a number of examples of the huge potential of understanding nutrigenetic, nutrigenomic, and nutriepigenetic roles in precision nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde" and Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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