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Bajgai B, Suri M, Singh H, Hanifa M, Bhatti JS, Randhawa PK, Bali A. Naringin: A flavanone with a multifaceted target against sepsis-associated organ injuries. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155707. [PMID: 38788393 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis causes multiple organ dysfunctions and raises mortality and morbidity rates through a dysregulated host response to infection. Despite the growing research interest over the last few years, no satisfactory treatment exists. Naringin, a naturally occurring bioflavonoid with vast therapeutic potential in citrus fruits and Chinese herbs, has received much attention for treating sepsis-associated multiple organ dysfunctions. PURPOSE The review describes preclinical evidence of naringin from 2011 to 2024, particularly emphasizing the mechanism of action mediated by naringin against sepsis-associated specific injuries. The combination therapy, safety profile, drug interactions, recent advancements in formulation, and future perspectives of naringin are also discussed. METHODS In vivo and in vitro studies focusing on the potential role of naringin and its mechanism of action against sepsis-associated organ injuries were identified and summarised in the present manuscript, which includes contributions from 2011 to 2024. All the articles were extracted from the Medline database using PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science with relevant keywords. RESULTS Research findings revealed that naringin modulates many signaling cascades, such as Rho/ROCK and PPAR/STAT1, PIP3/AKT and KEAP1/Nrf2, and IkB/NF-kB and MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1, to potentially protect against sepsis-induced intestinal, cardiac, and lung injury, respectively. Furthermore, naringin treatment exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant action against sepsis harm, highlighting naringin's promising effects in septic settings. Naringin could be employed as a treatment against sepsis, based on studies on combination therapy, synergistic effects, and toxicological investigation that show no reported severe side effects. CONCLUSION Naringin might be a promising therapeutic approach for preventing sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Naringin should be used alongside other therapeutic therapies with caution despite its great therapeutic potential and lower toxicity. Nonetheless, clinical studies are required to comprehend the therapeutic benefits of naringin against sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bivek Bajgai
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Manisha Suri
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Harshita Singh
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Mohd Hanifa
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Puneet Kaur Randhawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amritsar Group of Colleges, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India; Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Anjana Bali
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India.
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Wang S, Li C, Zhang L, Sun B, Cui Y, Sang F. Isolation and biological activity of natural chalcones based on antibacterial mechanism classification. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 93:117454. [PMID: 37659218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infection, which is still one of the leading causes of death in humans, poses an enormous threat to the worldwide public health system. Antibiotics are the primary medications used to treat bacterial diseases. Currently, the discovery of antibiotics has reached an impasse, and due to the abuse of antibiotics resulting in bacterial antibiotic resistance, researchers have a critical desire to develop new antibacterial agents in order to combat the deteriorating antibacterial situation. Natural chalcones, the flavonoids consisting of two phenolic rings and a three-carbon α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system, possess a variety of biological and pharmacological properties, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and so on. Due to their potent antibacterial properties, natural chalcones possess the potential to become a new treatment for infectious diseases that circumvents existing antibiotic resistance. Currently, the majority of research on natural chalcones focuses on their synthesis, biological and pharmacological activities, etc. A few studies have been conducted on their antibacterial activity and mechanism. Therefore, this review focuses on the antibacterial activity and mechanisms of seventeen natural chalcones. Firstly, seventeen natural chalcones have been classified based on differences in antibacterial mechanisms. Secondly, a summary of the isolation and biological activity of seventeen natural chalcones was provided, with a focus on their antibacterial activity. Thirdly, the antibacterial mechanisms of natural chalcones were summarized, including those that act on bacterial cell membranes, biological macromolecules, biofilms, and quorum sensing systems. This review aims to lay the groundwork for the discovery of novel antibacterial agents based on chalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
| | - Chuang Li
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
| | - Bingxia Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China
| | - Yuting Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China.
| | - Feng Sang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China.
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He L, Kang Q, Zhang Y, Chen M, Wang Z, Wu Y, Gao H, Zhong Z, Tan W. Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma: The popular occurrence of herbal medicine applied in classical prescriptions. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 37196671 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is a well-known herbal medicine with a wide range of pharmacological functions that has been used throughout Chinese history. This review presents a comprehensive introduction to this herb and its classical prescriptions. The article discusses the resources and distribution of species, methods of authentication and determination chemical composition, quality control of the original plants and herbal medicines, dosages use, common classical prescriptions, indications, and relevant mechanisms of the active content. Pharmacokinetic parameters, toxicity tests, clinical trials, and patent applications are discussed. The review will provide a good starting point for the research and development of classical prescriptions to develop herbal medicines for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qianming Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Man Chen
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zefei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yonghui Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hetong Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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4
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Serreli G, Deiana M. Role of Dietary Polyphenols in the Activity and Expression of Nitric Oxide Synthases: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010147. [PMID: 36671009 PMCID: PMC9854440 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays several key roles in the functionality of an organism, and it is usually released in numerous organs and tissues. There are mainly three isoforms of the enzyme that produce NO starting from the metabolism of arginine, namely endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). The expression and activity of these isoforms depends on the activation/deactivation of different signaling pathways at an intracellular level following different physiological and pathological stimuli. Compounds of natural origin such as polyphenols, which are obtainable through diet, have been widely studied in recent years in in vivo and in vitro investigations for their ability to induce or inhibit NO release, depending on the tissue. In this review, we aim to disclose the scientific evidence relating to the activity of the main dietary polyphenols in the modulation of the intracellular pathways involved in the expression and/or functionality of the NOS isoforms.
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Tuli HS, Garg VK, Mehta JK, Kaur G, Mohapatra RK, Dhama K, Sak K, Kumar A, Varol M, Aggarwal D, Anand U, Kaur J, Gillan R, Sethi G, Bishayee A. Licorice ( Glycyrrhiza glabra L.)-Derived Phytochemicals Target Multiple Signaling Pathways to Confer Oncopreventive and Oncotherapeutic Effects. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:1419-1448. [PMID: 36474507 PMCID: PMC9719702 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s366630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a highly lethal disease, and its incidence has rapidly increased worldwide over the past few decades. Although chemotherapeutics and surgery are widely used in clinical settings, they are often insufficient to provide the cure for cancer patients. Hence, more effective treatment options are highly needed. Although licorice has been used as a medicinal herb since ancient times, the knowledge about molecular mechanisms behind its diverse bioactivities is still rather new. In this review article, different anticancer properties (antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, antimetastatic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects) of various bioactive constituents of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) are thoroughly described. Multiple licorice constituents have been shown to bind to and inhibit the activities of various cellular targets, including B-cell lymphoma 2, cyclin-dependent kinase 2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, mammalian target of rapamycin, nuclear factor-κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinase-3, resulting in reduced carcinogenesis in several in vitro and in vivo models with no evident toxicity. Emerging evidence is bringing forth licorice as an anticancer agent as well as bottlenecks in its potential clinical application. It is expected that overcoming toxicity-related obstacles by using novel nanotechnological methods might importantly facilitate the use of anticancer properties of licorice-derived phytochemicals in the future. Therefore, anticancer studies with licorice components must be continued. Overall, licorice could be a natural alternative to the present medication for eradicating new emergent illnesses while having just minor side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Garg
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Jinit K Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ranjan K Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Mehmet Varol
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jagjit Kaur
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ross Gillan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA
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Prenylated Flavonoids in Topical Infections and Wound Healing. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144491. [PMID: 35889363 PMCID: PMC9323352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The review presents prenylated flavonoids as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of topical skin infections and wounds, as they can restore the balance in the wound microenvironment. A thorough two-stage search of scientific papers published between 2000 and 2022 was conducted, with independent assessment of results by two reviewers. The main criteria were an MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of up to 32 µg/mL, a microdilution/macrodilution broth method according to CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) or EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing), pathogens responsible for skin infections, and additional antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and low cytotoxic effects. A total of 127 structurally diverse flavonoids showed promising antimicrobial activity against pathogens affecting wound healing, predominantly Staphylococcus aureus strains, but only artocarpin, diplacone, isobavachalcone, licochalcone A, sophoraflavanone G, and xanthohumol showed multiple activity, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory along with low cytotoxicity important for wound healing. Although prenylated flavonoids appear to be promising in wound therapy of humans, and also animals, their activity was measured only in vitro and in vivo. Future studies are, therefore, needed to establish rational dosing according to MIC and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) values, test potential toxicity to human cells, measure healing kinetics, and consider formulation in smart drug release systems and/or delivery technologies to increase their bioavailability.
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Baradaran Rahimi V, Momeni-Moghaddam MA, Chini MG, Saviano A, Maione F, Bifulco G, Rahmanian-Devin P, Jebalbarezy A, Askari VR. Carnosol Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammation of Cardiomyoblasts by Inhibiting NF- κB: A Mechanistic in Vitro and in Silico Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:7969422. [PMID: 35571740 PMCID: PMC9095375 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7969422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Carnosol possesses several beneficial pharmacological properties. However, its role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation and cardiomyocyte cell line (H9C2) has never been investigated. Therefore, the effect of carnosol and an NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 was examined, and the underlying role of the NF-κB-dependent inflammatory pathway was analyzed as the target enzyme. Cell viability, inflammatory cytokines levels (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE2)), and related gene expression (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)) were analyzed by ELISA and real-time PCR. In addition, docking studies analyzed carnosol's molecular interactions and binding modes to NF-κB and IKK. We report that LPS caused the reduction of cell viability while enhancing both cytokines protein and mRNA levels (P < 0.001, for all cases). However, the BAY 11-7082 pretreatment of the cells and carnosol increased cell viability and reduced cytokine protein and mRNA levels (P < 0.001 vs. LPS, for all cases). Furthermore, our in silico analyses also supported the modulation of NF-κB and IKK by carnosol. This evidence highlights the defensive effects of carnosol against sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction and, contextually, paved the rationale for the next in vitro and in vivo studies aimed to precisely describe its mechanism(s) of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Maria Giovanna Chini
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, Pesche, Isernia I-86090, Italy
| | - Anella Saviano
- Immuno Pharma Lab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Maione
- Immuno Pharma Lab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, Salerno 84084, Italy
| | - Pouria Rahmanian-Devin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Jebalbarezy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Acetyl-11-Keto- β-Boswellic Acid (AKBA) Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Cytotoxicity on H9C2 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2620710. [PMID: 35399644 PMCID: PMC8986374 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2620710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA), the major component of Boswellia serrata, exhibits anti-inflammatory activities. This in vitro study investigated the protective effects of AKBA against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac dysfunction. In this study, the H9C2 cardiomyocytes were pretreated with AKBA (2.5, 5, and 10 μM for 24 h), and then cotreated with LPS for another 24 h. The MTT assay, ELISA test kits, and quantitative real-time PCR analysis assessed the cell viability, levels of proinflammatory factors (IL-β, IL-6, TNF- α, and PGE2), and the gene expression of IL-β, IL-6, TNF- α, iNOS, and COX-2, respectively. The nitric oxide (NO) and thiol levels were also measured using a biochemical assay. The results indicated that LPS exposure markedly reduced cell viability and total thiol content, but increased the inflammatory cytokines, NO metabolites, and gene expression of proinflammatory mediators in H9C2 cells. AKBA pretreatment significantly altered the mentioned factors induced by LPS. Our results demonstrated that AKBA might be a promising therapeutic agent for treating sepsis-related cardiac dysfunction in the future.
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Wu Y, Wang Z, Du Q, Zhu Z, Chen T, Xue Y, Wang Y, Zeng Q, Shen C, Jiang C, Liu L, Zhu H, Liu Q. Pharmacological Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Licorice-Derived Flavonoids. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:9523071. [PMID: 35082907 PMCID: PMC8786487 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9523071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is the most frequently prescribed natural medicine in China and has been used for more than 2,000 years. The flavonoids of licorice have garnered considerable attention in recent decades due to their structural diversity and myriad pharmacological effects, especially as novel therapeutic agents against inflammation and cancer. Although many articles have been published to summarize different pharmacological activities of licorice in recent years, the systematic summary for flavonoid components is not comprehensive. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the pharmacological and mechanistic data from recent researches on licorice flavonoids and their bioactive components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhuxian Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qunqun Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhaoming Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaqi Xue
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Quanfu Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chunyan Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Cuiping Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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10
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Li XQ, Wang C, Yang T, Fan ZK, Guo XF. A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies of flavonoid subclasses and stroke risk. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1103-1114. [PMID: 35023220 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that higher intakes of flavonoids are associated with reduced stroke risk, however, which subtypes play significant roles to protect against stroke remain unclear. A systematic literature search in PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed up to Oct. 2021. Flavonoids or their subtypes (flavanol, flavanone, flavone, flavan-3-ol, isoflavone, or anthocyanin) were paired with stoke as the search term. Multivariate-adjusted relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the highest versus the lowest category were pooled by using a random-effects model. Dose-response analysis was implemented by using a restricted cubic spline regression model. Ten independent prospective cohort studies with 387,076 participants and 9,564 events were included. Higher intakes of flavanones were inversely associated with stroke risk (RR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.78, 0.93). Dose-response analysis showed that 50 mg/day increment of flavanones was associated with 11% reduction in stroke risk (RR = 0.89; 95%CI: 0.84, 0.94). Flavan-3-ols was marginally inversely associated with stroke risk (RR = 0.92; 95%CI: 0.82, 1.02). Dose-response analysis showed that 200 mg/day increment of flavan-3-ols was associated with 14% reduction in stroke risk (RR = 0.86; 95%CI: 0.75, 0.98). The non-significant association was observed with respect to other flavonoid subclasses. This study demonstrated higher intakes of flavanones and flavan-3-ols were associated with a lower risk of stroke. Dietary intakes of lemon and citrus rich in flavanones and flavan-3-ols might have beneficial functions for the protection against stroke. The findings of these associations of the present study need to be confirmed in other regions and ethnic origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qi Li
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ze-Kai Fan
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Guo
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Park KH, Joo SH, Seo JH, Kim J, Yoon G, Jeon YJ, Lee MH, Chae JI, Kim WK, Shim JH. Licochalcone H Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Skin Cancer Cells by Modulating JAK2/STAT3 Signaling. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2022; 30:72-79. [PMID: 34873073 PMCID: PMC8724845 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2021.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone H (LCH) is a phenolic compound synthetically derived from licochalcone C (LCC) that exerts anticancer activity. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of LCH in human skin cancer A375 and A431 cells. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) cell viability assay was used to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of LCH. Cell cycle distribution and the induction of apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blotting assays were performed to detect the levels of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. LCH inhibited the growth of cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. The annexin V/propidium iodide double staining assay revealed that LCH induced apoptosis, and the LCH-induced apoptosis was accompanied by cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. Western blot analysis showed that the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 was decreased by treatment with LCH. The inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway by pharmacological inhibitors against JAK2/STAT3 (cryptotanshinone (CTS) and S3I-201) simulated the antiproliferative effect of LCH suggesting that LCH induced apoptosis by modulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ho Park
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Joo
- College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Seo
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jumi Kim
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joo Jeon
- Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Keun Kim
- Biosystem Research Group, Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea.,The China -US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
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12
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Wahab S, Annadurai S, Abullais SS, Das G, Ahmad W, Ahmad MF, Kandasamy G, Vasudevan R, Ali MS, Amir M. Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): A Comprehensive Review on Its Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, Clinical Evidence and Toxicology. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122751. [PMID: 34961221 PMCID: PMC8703329 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
There are more than 30 species of Glycyrrhiza genus extensively spread worldwide. It was the most prescribed herb in Ancient Egyptian, Roman, Greek, East China, and the West from the Former Han era. There are various beneficial effects of licorice root extracts, such as treating throat infections, tuberculosis, respiratory, liver diseases, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunodeficiency. On the other hand, traditional medicines are getting the attraction to treat many diseases. Therefore, it is vital to screen the medicinal plants to find the potential of new compounds to treat chronic diseases such as respiratory, cardiovascular, anticancer, hepatoprotective, etc. This work comprehensively reviews ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, biological activities, clinical evidence, and the toxicology of licorice, which will serve as a resource for future clinical and fundamental studies. An attempt has been made to establish the pharmacological effect of licorice in different diseases. In addition, the focus of this review article is on the molecular mechanism of licorice extracts and their four flavonoids (isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, lichalocone, and glabridin) pharmacologic activities. Licorice could be a natural alternative for current therapy to exterminate new emerging disorders with mild side effects. This review will provide systematic insights into this ancient drug for further development and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sivakumar Annadurai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shahabe Saquib Abullais
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gotam Das
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Safaa, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md Faruque Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Geetha Kandasamy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rajalakshimi Vasudevan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md Sajid Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohd Amir
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
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13
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Wang Y, Xu M, Yue P, Zhang D, Tong J, Li Y. Novel Insights Into the Potential Mechanisms of N6-Methyladenosine RNA Modification on Sepsis-Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction: An Update Summary on Direct and Indirect Evidences. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:772921. [PMID: 34869371 PMCID: PMC8633316 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.772921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a host’s dysfunctional response to infection. As is known to all, septic heart disease occurs because pathogens invading the blood stimulate the activation of endothelial cells, causing a large number of white blood cells to accumulate and trigger an immune response. However, in severe sepsis, the hematopoietic system is inhibited, and there will also be a decline in white blood cells, at which time the autoimmune system will also be suppressed. During the immune response, a large number of inflammatory factors are released into cells to participate in the inflammatory process, which ultimately damages cardiac myocytes and leads to impaired cardiac function. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a common RNA modification in mRNA and non-coding RNA that affects RNA splicing, translation, stability, and epigenetic effects of some non-coding RNAs. A large number of emerging evidences demonstrated m6A modification had been involved in multiple biological processes, especially for sepsis and immune disorders. Unfortunately, there are limited results provided to analyze the association between m6A modification and sepsis-induced cardiovascular dysfunction (SICD). In this review, we firstly summarized current evidences on how m6A mediates the pathophysiological process in cardiac development and cardiomyopathy to emphasize the importance of RNA methylation in maintaining heart biogenesis and homeostasis. Then, we clarified the participants of m6A modification in extended inflammatory responses and immune system activation, which are the dominant and initial changes secondary to sepsis attack. After that, we deeply analyzed the top causes of SICD and identified the activation of inflammatory cytokines, endothelial cell dysfunction, and mitochondrial failure. Thus, the highlight of this review is that we systematically collected all the related potential mechanisms between m6A modification and SICD causes. Although there is lack of direct evidences on SICD, indirect evidences had been demonstrated case by case on every particular molecular mechanism and signal transduction, which require further explorations into the potential links among the listed mechanisms. This provides novel insights into the understanding of SICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miaomiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Immunology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Yue
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiyu Tong
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Immunology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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New targets of morphine postconditioning protection of the myocardium in ischemia/reperfusion injury: Involvement of HSP90/Akt and C5a/NF-κB. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1552-1563. [PMID: 34722891 PMCID: PMC8525660 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Activation of the complement component 5a (C5a) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling is an important feature of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and recent studies show that morphine postconditioning (MP) attenuates the myocardial injury. However, the mediating cardioprotective mechanisms remain unclear. The present study explores the role and interaction of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), Akt, C5a, and NF-κB in MP-induced cardioprotection. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 160) were randomized into eight groups (n = 20 per group). Rats in the sham group underwent thoracotomy, passing the ligature through the heart but without tying it (150 min), and the other seven groups were subjected to 30 min of anterior descending coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 h of reperfusion and the following treatments: I/R (30 min of ischemia and followed by 2 h of reperfusion); ischemic postconditioning (IPostC, 30 s of ischemia altered with 30 s of reperfusion, repeated for three cycles, and followed by reperfusion for 2 h); MP (0.3 mg/kg morphine administration 10 min before reperfusion); MP combined with the HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA, 1 mg/kg); MP combined with the Akt inhibitor GSK-690693 (GSK, 20 mg/kg); and MP combined with the C5a inhibitor PMX205 (PMX, 1 mg/kg/day, administration via drinking water for 28 days) and MP combined with the NF-κB inhibitor EVP4593 (QNZ, 1 mg/kg). All inhibitors were administered 10 min before morphine and followed by 2 h reperfusion. Results MP significantly reduced the I/R-induced infarct size, the apoptosis, and the release of cardiac troponin I, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase-MB. These beneficial effects were accompanied by increased expression of HSP90 and p-Akt, and decreased expression of C5a, NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1. However, HSP90 inhibitor GA or Akt inhibitor GSK increased the expression of C5a and NF-κB and prevented MP-induced cardioprotection. Furthermore, GA inhibited the MP-induced upregulation of p-Akt, while GSK did not affect HSP90, indicating that p-Akt acts downstream of HSP90 in MP-induced cardioprotection. In addition, C5a inhibitor PMX enhanced the MP-induced downregulation of NF-κB, while NF-κB inhibitor QNZ had no effect on C5a, indicating that the C5a/NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in MP-induced cardioprotection. Conclusion HSP90 is critical for MP-mediated cardioprotection possibly by promoting the phosphorylation of Akt and inhibiting the activation of C5a and NF-κB signaling and the subsequent myocardial inflammation, ultimately attenuating the infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Husain I, Bala K, Khan IA, Khan SI. A review on phytochemicals, pharmacological activities, drug interactions, and associated toxicities of licorice (
Glycyrrhiza
sp.). FOOD FRONTIERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Islam Husain
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - Kiran Bala
- Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Biological Science Rani Durgavati University Jabalpur India
| | - Ikhlas A. Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - Shabana I. Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
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Manli W, Hua Q. Effect of miR-506-3p on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells in Asthmatic Mice by Regulating CCL2 Gene Expression and Mediating TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Activation. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:410-423. [PMID: 33638773 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effect of miR-506-3p on the proliferation and apoptosis of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCS) in asthmatic mice by regulating the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway through targeted regulation of C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) expression. Twenty-four BALB/c mice of specific pathogen-free grade were selected to establish asthmatic mouse model, which were randomly divided into normal control group and asthma model group (n = 12 for each group). HE and IHC staining, bioinformatics and dual luciferase reporter assay, RT-PCR MTT, flow cytometry and Western blot were used in this research. HE staining showed airway epithelium thickening, submucosal inflammatory cell infiltration and airway smooth muscle thickening, and the positive expression rate of CCL2 was significantly increased in asthma model group (all P < 0.05). CCL2 was the target gene of miR-506-3p. Moreover, the expression of miR-506-3p in asthma model group was significantly decreased, the mRNA and protein expression levels of CCL2, TLR4, NF-κB (p65) and Bcl-2 were significantly increased, while those of Bax were decreased (all P < 0.05). In miR-506-3p mimic group or siRNA-CCL2 group, the expression of CCL2, TLR4, NF-κB (p65) and Bcl-2 decreased obviously, while that of Bax increased, cell proliferation decreased, G1 phase prolonged, G2 & S phases shortened, and apoptosis rate increased significantly (all P < 0.05), whereas the opposite trends were found in miR-506-3p inhibitor group (all P < 0.05). However, there was no statistical difference in the above-mentioned indexes in miR-506-3p inhibitor + siRNA-CCL2 group (all P > 0.05). Overexpression of miR-506-3p can inhibit ASMCS proliferation and promote apoptosis via inhibiting CCL2 expression and suppressing the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Inhibited expression of miR-506-3p can reverse the positive role of CCL2 gene silencing. Our study is the first to prove the beneficial role of miR-506-3p-CCL2-TLR4/NF-κB regulatory axis in the development of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Manli
- Department 1 of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanyang First People's Hospital, No. 12, Renmin Road, Nanyang City, 473000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiao Hua
- Department 1 of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanyang First People's Hospital, No. 12, Renmin Road, Nanyang City, 473000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Lu Q, Shu Y, Wang L, Li G, Zhang S, Gu W, Sun Y, Hua W, Huang L, Chen F, Tang L. The protective effect of Veronica ciliata Fisch. Extracts on relieving oxidative stress-induced liver injury via activating AMPK/p62/Nrf2 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113775. [PMID: 33406386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Veronica ciliata Fisch. existed in various Tibetan medicine prescriptions, which was recorded to treat liver diseases in the Tibetan medicine roll of Chinese materia medica. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The current study aimed to examine the effect of active constituents from V.ciliata relieving oxidative stress-mediated liver injury and clarify the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (BHP) induced liver injury in mice model was established to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of ethyl acetate extract of V. ciliata (EAFVC). Serum and liver indicators, as well as the histopathological change of liver were examined. Next, the constituents of EAFVC were separated and characterized by high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) and Ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS), respectively. Based on the above, the antioxidant activity of EAFVC and two fractions was evaluated using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoli- ne-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical scavenging assays. The hepatoprotective activity of EAFVC and its fractions/compounds attenuating ethanol-induced hepatocyte damage in BRL-3A cells was evaluated using the MTT method. The effect of the fraction and compounds with the strongest protective activity on ethanol-induced cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and glutathione (GSH) depletion was investigated. mRNA expression of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor of κB (NF-κB), as well as their downstream target genes, was determined by RT-qPCR. Finally, the potential mechanism of fraction 1 and luteolin on the AMPK/p62/Nrf2 signal pathway was studied using western blotting. RESULTS Firstly, EAFVC could relieve liver impairment induced by t-BHP in mice. Next, fraction 1 enriched with polyphenolic compounds and luteolin derived from EAFVC were screened to yield the highest hepatoprotective activity against ethanol-induced hepatocyte damage. Further study demonstrated that fraction 1 and luteolin relieved BRL-3A cells damage by decreasing the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, ROS accumulation, as well as the depletion of GSH. Also, we determined that fraction 1 and luteolin suppressed inflammation and apoptosis of BRL-3A cells. The mechanistic studies indicated that fraction 1 could attenuate oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by activating AMPK phosphorylation, which promotes autophagy associated protein expression (LC3-B, Beclin1 and p62) as well as promote phosphorylation of p62 -dependent autophagic degradation of Keap1, to induce Nrf2 dissociation from Keap1 and translocate to nuclear. Nrf2 in the nuclear activate cytoprotective related genes to exert hepatoprotective function. Finally, we found that luteolin activated the protein expression of p-AMPK, p-p62, p62, Nrf2, and its downstream target genes. CONCLUSIONS This study clarified that fraction 1 enriched phenolic compounds could attenuate ethanol-induced liver injury in BRL-3A cells via activating AMPK/p62/Nrf2 pathway. Luteolin could serve as the major bioactive component in the therapeutic effect of fraction 1. These active constituents in V. ciliata could be used as the potential drugs targeted activation of AMPK or p62 for relieving oxidative stress-mediated liver disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China; College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueyue Shu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoxiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanqin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiran Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Wan Hua
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions & Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China.
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Angulo M, Reyes-Becerril M, Angulo C. Yarrowia lipolytica N6-glucan protects goat leukocytes against Escherichia coli by enhancing phagocytosis and immune signaling pathway genes. Microb Pathog 2021; 150:104735. [PMID: 33453314 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunostimulant and protective effects of Yarrowia lipolytica glucans against important pathogens, such as Escherichia coli, have not been investigated in goats and other ruminants. This study aimed to characterize Y. lipolytica N6-glucan (Yl-glucan) and its possible role in immunological signaling pathway activation and immunoprotection against E. coli in goat leukocytes. Characterization analyses showed that Y. lipolytica content had a mix of β and α-D-glucans, molecular weight of 3301.53 kDa and low solubility after the heat treatment. The stimulation of goat leukocytes with Yl-glucan induced protection against E. coli challenge. Remarkably, Yl-glucan and E. coli interaction increased gene expression of dectin-1 and TLR-2 receptors, signaling pathway Syk/NFκB, and cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-10. As a consequence of signaling activation, phagocytosis, and nitric oxide production enhanced killing of pathogens. Altogether, Y. lipolytica-glucan demonstrated to possess an immunoprotective potential against E. coli through innate immune response modulation in goat leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S, 23090, Mexico
| | - Martha Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S, 23090, Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S, 23090, Mexico.
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Synthetic methods and biological applications of retrochalcones isolated from the root of Glycyrrhiza species: A review. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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20
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Zhang L, Chen J, Liao H, Li C, Chen M. Anti-inflammatory effect of lipophilic grape seed proanthocyanidin in RAW 264.7 cells and a zebrafish model. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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21
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Sitarek P, Merecz-Sadowska A, Śliwiński T, Zajdel R, Kowalczyk T. An In Vitro Evaluation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Medical Plants from the Lamiaceae Family as Effective Sources of Active Compounds against Human Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2957. [PMID: 33066157 PMCID: PMC7601952 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is predicted that 1.8 million new cancer cases will be diagnosed worldwide in 2020; of these, the incidence of lung, colon, breast, and prostate cancers will be 22%, 9%, 7%, and 5%, respectively according to the National Cancer Institute. As the global medical cost of cancer in 2020 will exceed about $150 billion, new approaches and novel alternative chemoprevention molecules are needed. Research indicates that the plants of the Lamiaceae family may offer such potential. The present study reviews selected species from the Lamiaceae and their active compounds that may have the potential to inhibit the growth of lung, breast, prostate, and colon cancer cells; it examines the effects of whole extracts, individual compounds, and essential oils, and it discusses their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. The studied members of the Lamiaceae are sources of crucial phytochemicals that may be important modulators of cancer-related molecular targets and can be used as effective factors to support anti-tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Economic Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (A.M.-S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Economic Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (A.M.-S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
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Wide Biological Role of Hydroxytyrosol: Possible Therapeutic and Preventive Properties in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091932. [PMID: 32825589 PMCID: PMC7565717 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has promoted investigations of natural molecules that could prevent and treat CVD. Among these, hydroxytyrosol, a polyphenolic compound of olive oil, is well known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherogenic effects. Its strong antioxidant properties are due to the scavenging of radicals and the stimulation of synthesis and activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, HO-1, NOS, COX-2, GSH), which also limit the lipid peroxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, a hallmark of atherosclerosis. Lowered inflammation and oxidative stress and an improved lipid profile were also demonstrated in healthy subjects as well as in metabolic syndrome patients after hydroxytyrosol (HT) supplementation. These results might open a new therapeutic scenario through personalized supplementation of HT in CVDs. This review is the first attempt to collect together scientific literature on HT in both in vitro and in vivo models, as well as in human clinical studies, describing its potential biological effects for cardiovascular health.
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MiR-181c-5p Promotes Inflammatory Response during Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Downregulating Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Nonreceptor Type 4 in H9C2 Cardiomyocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7913418. [PMID: 32774684 PMCID: PMC7399766 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7913418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Constitutive nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) activation has been shown to exacerbate during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We recently showed that miR-181c-5p exacerbated cardiomyocytes injury and apoptosis by directly targeting the 3′-untranslated region of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 4 (PTPN4). However, whether miR-181c-5p mediates cardiac I/R injury through NFκB-mediated inflammation is unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-181c-5p during myocardial I/R injury and explore its mechanism in relation to inflammation in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Methods and Results In hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R, 6 h hypoxia followed by 6 h reoxygenation)-stimulated H9C2 cardiomyocytes or postischemic myocardium of rat, the expression of miR-181c-5p was significantly upregulated, which was concomitant increased NFκB activity when compared to the nonhypoxic or nonischemic control groups. This is indicative that miR-181c-5p may be involved in NFκB-mediated inflammation during myocardial I/R injury. To investigate the potential role of miR-181c-5p in H/R-induced cell inflammation and injury, H9C2 cardiomyocytes were transfected with the miR-181c-5p agomir. Overexpression of miR-181c-5p significantly aggravated H/R-induced cell injury (increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level) and exacerbated NFκB-mediated inflammation (greater phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, phosphorylation of p65, and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β). In contrast, inhibition of miR-181c-5p by its antagomir transfection in vitro had the opposite effect. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-181c-5p significantly enhanced lipopolysaccharide-induced NFκB signalling. Additionally, knockdown of PTPN4, the direct target of miR-181c-5p, significantly aggravated H/R-induced phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, phosphorylation of p65, and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. PTPN4 knockdown also cancelled miR-181c-5p antagomir mediated anti-inflammatory effects in H9C2 cardiomyocytes during H/R injury. Conclusions It is concluded that miR-181c-5p may exacerbate myocardial I/R injury and NFκB-mediated inflammation via PTPN4, and that targeting miR-181c-5p/PTPN4/NFκB signalling may represent a novel strategy to combat myocardial I/R injury.
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Li ZH, Shi Z, Tang S, Yao HP, Lin X, Wu F. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK signaling molecules in rat H9c2 cells. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:1621-1629. [PMID: 32742394 PMCID: PMC7388411 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response has been implicated in various cardiac and systemic diseases. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol extracted from green tea, has various biological and pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative and anti-tumorigenesis. To some extent, the mechanism of EGCG in the inflammatory response that characterizes myocardial dysfunction is not fully understood. The present study aimed to investigate the inhibiting effect of EGCG on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in vitro. Treatment with LPS affected rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes and induced an inflammatory response. However, the LPS-induced effects were attenuated after treatment with EGCG. The present results demonstrated that EGCG treatment repressed several inflammatory mediators, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, chemokine ligand 5, chemokine ligand 2, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, matrix metalloproteinase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide (induced by LPS), and the repressing effect of EGCG on inflammatory response was dose-dependent in the range of 6.25-100 µM. EGCG inhibited these marked inflammatory key signaling molecules by reducing the expression of phospho-nuclear factor-κB p65, -Akt, -ERK and -MAPK p38 while the total protein level of these signal proteins were not affected. In conclusion, the present findings suggested that EGCG possesses cardiomyocyte-protective action in reducing the LPS-induced inflammatory response due to the inhibition of the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hui Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital/Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Zhanli Shi
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital/Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shengjie Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Hang Ping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Xihua Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
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Franceschelli S, Gatta DMP, Ferrone A, Mezza G, Speranza L, Pesce M, Grilli A, Gallorini M, Giacomo VD, Ghinassi B, Fiorito S, Genovese S, Ricciotti E, Felaco M, Patruno A. Anti-Migratory Effects of 4'-Geranyloxyferulic Acid on LPS-Stimulated U937 and HCT116 Cells via MMP-9 Down-Regulation: Involvement of ROS/ERK Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060470. [PMID: 32492880 PMCID: PMC7346147 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a crucial role in tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis. 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid (GOFA) has anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory proprieties. Herein, we aimed to determine whether this compound affects cell survival, invasion, and migration through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated MMPs activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and p38 signaling in lymphocytic histiocytoma (U937) and colorectal cancer (HCT116) cells. We observed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated U937 and HCT116 cells presented abnormal cell proliferation and increased metalloproteinase (MMP-9) activity and expression. Non-cytotoxic doses of GOFA blunted matrix invasive potential by reducing LPS-induced MMP-9 expression and cell migration via inhibiting ROS/ ERK pathway. GOFA also attenuated apoptosis and cell senescence. Our findings indicate that GOFA, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and migration, could be therapeutically beneficial to prevent tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Franceschelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | | | - Alessio Ferrone
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Giulia Mezza
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (V.d.G.); (S.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Lorenza Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Alfredo Grilli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy;
| | - Marialucia Gallorini
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (V.d.G.); (S.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Viviana di Giacomo
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (V.d.G.); (S.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (V.d.G.); (S.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (V.d.G.); (S.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Emanuela Ricciotti
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Mario Felaco
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0871-3554510
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Effect of Curcumol on the Fenestrae of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells Based on NF- κB Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8590638. [PMID: 32595742 PMCID: PMC7275224 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8590638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study the effect of curcumol on liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and to analyze the mechanism of antihepatic fibrosis. Methods The effects of drug intervention on cell proliferation rates were detected by MTT assay. The expression of NF-κB was detected by RT-PCR and WB. The NF-κB expression and entry into the nucleus were detected by immunofluorescence; scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the changes of LSECs fenestrae. Results MTT results showed that the interference of cell proliferation in each group was small. RT-PCR showed that the expression of NF-κB in the curcumol intervention group was significantly lower than that in the positive control group (P < 0.05). The WB detection found that, in the curcumol intervention group, the expression of pNF-κB in the NF-κB signaling pathway was significantly lower than that in the positive control group (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy showed that the LSEC fenestrae were significantly improved compared with the positive control group. Conclusion Curcumol may be one of the mechanisms of antihepatic fibrosis by inhibiting the activity of the NF-κB signaling pathway and increasing the fenestrae of LSECs.
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Natural Chalcones in Chinese Materia Medica: Licorice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3821248. [PMID: 32256642 PMCID: PMC7102474 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3821248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Licorice is an important Chinese materia medica frequently used in clinical practice, which contains more than 20 triterpenoids and 300 flavonoids. Chalcone, one of the major classes of flavonoid, has a variety of biological activities and is widely distributed in nature. To date, about 42 chalcones have been isolated and identified from licorice. These chalcones play a pivotal role when licorice exerts its pharmacological effects. According to the research reports, these compounds have a wide range of biological activities, containing anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidative, antiviral, antidiabetic, antidepressive, hepatoprotective activities, and so on. This review aims to summarize structures and biological activities of chalcones from licorice. We hope that this work can provide a theoretical basis for the further studies of chalcones from licorice.
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Kwak AW, Choi JS, Liu K, Lee MH, Jeon YJ, Cho SS, Yoon G, Oh HN, Chae JI, Shim JH. Licochalcone C induces cell cycle G1 arrest and apoptosis in human esophageal squamous carcinoma cells by activation of the ROS/MAPK signaling pathway. J Chemother 2020; 32:132-143. [DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2020.1721175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Won Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Young-Joo Jeon
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Na Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, BK21 Plus, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Yu J, Zhang Y, Zeng F, Shi L. Role of the Balance of Akt and MAPK Pathways in the Exercise-Regulated Phenotype Switching in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225690. [PMID: 31766280 PMCID: PMC6888552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms regulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype switching and the critical signal modulation affecting the VSMCs remain controversial. Physical exercise acts as an effective drug in preventing elevated blood pressure and improving vascular function. This study was designed to explore the influence of aerobic exercise on the suppression of VSMC phenotype switching by balancing of the Akt, also known as PKB (protein kinase B) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and normotensive rats were subjected to exercise treatment before measuring the vascular morphological and structural performances. Exercise induced reverse expression of VSMC protein markers (α-SM-actin, calponin, and osteopontin (OPN)) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. It is noteworthy that the low expression of phosphorylated Akt significantly decreased the expression of VSMC contractile phenotype markers (α-SM-actin and calponin) and increased the expression of the VSMC synthetic phenotype marker (OPN). However, the MAPK signal pathway exerts an opposite effect. VSMCs and whole vessels were treated by inhibitors, namely the p-Akt inhibitor, p-ERK inhibitor, and p-p38 MAPK inhibitors. VSMC phenotype markers were reversed. It is important to note that a significant reverse regulatory relationship was observed between the expression levels of MAPK and the contractile markers in both normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. We demonstrate that aerobic exercise regulates the VSMC phenotype switching by balancing the Akt and MAPK signaling pathways in SHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jingjing Yu
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Fanxing Zeng
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lijun Shi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6298-9582
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Farruggio S, Raina G, Cocomazzi G, Librasi C, Mary D, Gentilli S, Grossini E. Genistein improves viability, proliferation and mitochondrial function of cardiomyoblasts cultured in physiologic and peroxidative conditions. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:2298-2310. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Farruggio
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Raina
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Grazia Cocomazzi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Librasi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - David Mary
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sergio Gentilli
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Health of Sciences, University of East Piedmont; University Hospital Company Major of Charity, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, AGING Project, University of East Piedmont, I‑28100 Novara, Italy
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Zhang Z, Xiong T, Zheng R, Huang J, Guo L. N‑acetyl cysteine protects HUVECs against lipopolysaccharide‑mediated inflammatory reaction by blocking the NF‑κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4349-4357. [PMID: 31545445 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to explore the potential protective effects of N‑acetylcysteine (NAC) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced inflammatory injury to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). It was also assessed whether the underlying mechanism of this protective effect is mediated via suppression of the nuclear factor‑kappa B (NF‑κB) signaling pathway. Cell viability of HUVECs treated with different concentrations of NAC was assessed using Cell Counting Kit‑8 (CCK‑8) assay. The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors [interleukin‑8 (IL‑8), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‑α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and intercellular cell adhesive molecule 1 (ICAM‑1)] were assessed using real time semi‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression levels of TNF‑α and IL‑8 were assessed using enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. Protein expression levels of ICAM‑1 and the NF‑κB signaling pathway were assessed using western blotting. Nitric reductase method was used to quantify nitric oxide (NO) and iNOS. LPS stimulated the production of TNF‑α, IL‑8, NO, and ICAM‑1 by HUVECs. Moreover, LPS induced activation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway and increased the protein expression of phosphorylated p65. However, pretreatment of HUVECs with NAC significantly attenuated the increase in the expression of inflammatory factors and the level of phosphorylated p65; this indicated that NAC prevented the activation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway. The present findings indicated that NAC protects HUVECs against LPS‑mediated inflammatory reaction and alleviates inflammation. The underlying mechanism is related to the NF‑κB signaling pathway. NAC appears to be a promising agent for prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Ting Xiong
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jialin Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Budisa N, Schneider T. Expanding the DOPA Universe with Genetically Encoded, Mussel-Inspired Bioadhesives for Material Sciences and Medicine. Chembiochem 2019; 20:2163-2190. [PMID: 30830997 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Catechols are a biologically relevant group of aromatic diols that have attracted much attention as mediators of adhesion of "bio-glue" proteins in mussels of the genus Mytilus. These organisms use catechols in the form of the noncanonical amino acid l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) as a building block for adhesion proteins. The DOPA is generated post-translationally from tyrosine. Herein, we review the properties, natural occurrence, and reactivity of catechols in the design of bioinspired materials. We also provide a basic description of the mussel's attachment apparatus, the interplay between its different molecules that play a crucial role in adhesion, and the role of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of these proteins. Our focus is on the microbial production of mussel foot proteins with the aid of orthogonal translation systems (OTSs) and the use of genetic code engineering to solve some fundamental problems in the bioproduction of these bioadhesives and to expand their chemical space. The major limitation of bacterial expression systems is their intrinsic inability to introduce PTMs. OTSs have the potential to overcome these challenges by replacing canonical amino acids with noncanonical ones. In this way, PTM steps are circumvented while the genetically programmed precision of protein sequences is preserved. In addition, OTSs should enable spatiotemporal control over the complex adhesion process, because the catechol function can be masked by suitable chemical protection. Such caged residues can then be noninvasively unmasked by, for example, UV irradiation or thermal treatment. All of these features make OTSs based on genetic code engineering in reprogrammed microbial strains new and promising tools in bioinspired materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nediljko Budisa
- Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Müller-Breslau-Strasse 10, Berlin, 10623, Germany.,Chair of Chemical Synthetic Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Tobias Schneider
- Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Müller-Breslau-Strasse 10, Berlin, 10623, Germany
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Franceschelli S, Lanuti P, Ferrone A, Gatta DMP, Speranza L, Pesce M, Grilli A, Cacciatore I, Ricciotti E, Di Stefano A, Miscia S, Felaco M, Patruno A. Modulation of Apoptotic Cell Death and Neuroprotective Effects of Glutathione-L-Dopa Codrug Against H 2O 2-Induced Cellular Toxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080319. [PMID: 31430883 PMCID: PMC6720001 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (LD) is the gold standard drug currently used to manage Parkinson’s disease (PD) and to control its symptoms. However, LD could cause disease neurotoxicity due to the generation of pro-oxidant intermediates deriving from its autoxidation. In order to overcome this limitation, we have conjugated LD to the natural antioxidant glutathione (GSH) to form a codrug (GSH-LD). Here we investigated the effect of GSH-LD on H2O2-induced cellular toxicity in undifferentiated and differentiated lymphoma U-937 and dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell lines, used respectively as models to study the involvement of macrophages/microglia and dopaminergic neurons in PD. We analyzed the effect of GSH-LD on apoptosis and cellular oxidative stress, both considered strategic targets for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Compared to LD and GSH, GSH-LD had a stronger effect in preventing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced apoptosis in both cell lines. Moreover, GSH-LD was able to preserve cell viability, cellular redox status, gluthation metabolism and prevent reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, in a phosphinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/kinase B (Akt)-dependent manner, in a neurotoxicity cellular model. Our findings indicate that the GSH-LD codrug offers advantages deriving from the additive effect of LD and GSH and it could represent a promising candidate for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Franceschelli
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Alessio Ferrone
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Daniela Maria Pia Gatta
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Lorenza Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Alfredo Grilli
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University "Gabriele D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Emanuela Ricciotti
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, University "Gabriele D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Mario Felaco
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
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Sun LJ, Qiao W, Xiao YJ, Cui L, Wang X, Ren WD. Naringin mitigates myocardial strain and the inflammatory response in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction through regulation of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 75:105782. [PMID: 31376623 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is a manifestation of severe sepsis and is the main cause of increased mortality in sepsis patients. Naringin (Nar) has been reported to possess various biological activities and pharmacological properties. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate whether Nar can protect rats from the effects of LPS-induced SIMD. SD Rats were pre-treated with Nar (50 and 100 mg/kg) for 7 days before administration of a single dose of LPS (10 mg/kg, i.p.) on the seventh day. We found that Nar treatment markedly improved the global strain and strain rate of longitudinal, circumference, and radial direction (GLS/GLSr, GCS/GCSr, GRS/GRSr) compared to the LPS group. The layer-specific strain decreased gradually from the endocardial layer to epicardial layer, and the most serious damage occurred in the endocardial layer. Moreover, Nar significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and myocardial enzymes (CK, LDH, and AST) induced by LPS and attenuated the inflammation response. Finally, Nar also inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation and the activity of iNOS in H9c2 cardiomyocytes by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. These results suggest that naringin may possess novel therapeutic potential for protection against LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China; Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, PR China
| | - Wei Qiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Yang-Jie Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Li Cui
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Wei-Dong Ren
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, PR China.
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Yu T, Dong D, Guan J, Sun J, Guo M, Wang Q. Alprostadil attenuates LPS-induced cardiomyocyte injury by inhibiting the Wnt5a/JNK/NF-κB pathway. Herz 2019; 45:130-138. [PMID: 31312872 PMCID: PMC7721679 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-019-4837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Clinical research has demonstrated that alprostadil has an anti-inflammatory effect; however, to date, its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory activity and related mechanisms of alprostadil in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated H9c2 cells. Methods Cell morphology was observed under an inverted light microscope, while cell viability was assessed with the 3‑(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were conducted to study biochemical indicators of cellular damage, such as released lactate dehydrase (LDH) and troponin, and inflammatory cytokine levels including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The mRNA expression levels of Wnt5a, c‑jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were further investigated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The effects of alprostadil on the Wnt5a/JNK/NF-κB pathway in H9c2 cells was examined by Western blotting. Results Alprostadil increased the cell viability of LPS-stimulated H9c2 cells, reduced LDH and troponin production, and attenuated IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α secretion. Moreover, alprostadil reduced the mRNA expression of Wnt5a, JNK, and NF-κB and decreased the expression of Wnt5a, NF-κB, and the ratio of p‑JNK/JNK in H9c2 cells treated with LPS. The siWnt5a or JNK inhibitor SP600125 significantly augmented the inhibitory effects of alprostadil on the Wnt5a/JNK/NF-κB pathway. Conclusion Our results show that alprostadil has anti-inflammatory effects and could attenuate LPS-induced injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes via the Wnt5a/JNK/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No. 16, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - D Dong
- Department of Cardiology, No. 971 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Minjiang Road No. 22, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - J Guan
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No. 16, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - J Sun
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No. 16, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - M Guo
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No. 16, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road No. 16, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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Franceschelli S, Gatta DMP, Pesce M, Ferrone A, Quiles JL, Genovese S, Epifano F, Fiorito S, Taddeo VA, Patruno A, Grilli A, Felaco M, Speranza L. Modulation of CAT-2B-Mediated l-Arginine Uptake and Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis in HCT116 Cell Line Through Biological Activity of 4'-Geranyloxyferulic Acid Extract from Quinoa Seeds. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133262. [PMID: 31269760 PMCID: PMC6650945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chenopodium quinoa Wild is a “pseudocereal” grain which attracts a lot of attention in the scientific community as it has a positive effect on health. Here, we investigate the presence of biologically active O-prenylated phenylpropanoids in the ethanol extract of commercially available quinoa seeds. We claim that 4′-Geranyloxyferulic acid (GOFA) was the only phytochemical product found that belongs to quinoa’s group secondary metabolites. We studied the changes in the oxidative and inflammatory status of the cellular environment in HCT 116 cell line processed with quinoa extract and its component GOFA; the implementation was done through the analysis of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT), the pro-inflammatory components (iNOS, IL-6 and TNF-α), and the products of intermediary metabolism (ONOO−, O2−). Moreover, the l-arginine uptake was proposed as a target of the tested compounds. We demonstrated that the GOFA, through a decrease of the CAT-2B expression, leads to a reduction of the l-arginine uptake, downregulating the harmful iNOS and restoring the altered redox state. These results propose a new molecular target involved in the reduction of the critical inflammatory process responsible for the cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Franceschelli
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | | | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessio Ferrone
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University G. D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - José Luis Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gabriele D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gabriele D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gabriele D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Vito Alessandro Taddeo
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gabriele D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University G. D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alfredo Grilli
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Mario Felaco
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University G. D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenza Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University G. D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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Maria Pia GD, Sara F, Mario F, Lorenza S. Biological Effects of Licochalcones. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:647-656. [PMID: 30049263 DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180601095420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants and their natural bioactive molecules, are evaluated as the foundation for health preservation and care of humanity. The licorice root, known as "Radix Glycyrrhizae", is a perennial plant that comes from Mediterranean countries, central to southern Russia, Asia, Turkey, Iraq and Iran. The licorice root has been used in traditional Chinese medicines for centuries and has been defined as "the progenitor of herbs". The name 'Licorice' is derived from the ancient Greek word Glukurrhiza, meaning 'sweet root'. It consists of approximately 30 species, however, the most common ones consist of Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and Glycyrrhiza Inflata. In addition, the licorice root contains chalcones, which are a part of an important class of natural products and are precursors of flavonoids. Chemically, chalcones are composed of two aromatic rings associated with α, β-unsaturated α-carbon ketone, representing the prima nucleus of the structure. They have been classified, according to chemical structures, in Licochalcone A, B, C, D, E, F and G. This review aims to highlight all the in vitro and in vivo studies that have been conducted on the licochalcones, extracted from Glycyrrhiza species. The main effects are as follows: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiallergic, antidiabetic, hepatotoxic and osteogenic. It is important to implement the introduction of biologically active natural molecules from the bench (research) to the bedside (clinical practice). However, in the future, it is required to conduct additional studies to validate these biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gatta Daniela Maria Pia
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Franceschelli Sara
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Felaco Mario
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Speranza Lorenza
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
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Effect of Impregnation of Biodegradable Polyesters with Polyphenols from Cistus Linnaeus and Juglans regia Linnaeus Walnut Green Husk. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11040669. [PMID: 30979074 PMCID: PMC6523312 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The publication describes a process combining the extraction of plant material and impregnation of biodegradable polymers (polylactide (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)). As raw plant materials for making extracts, Cistus and green walnut husk were selected due to their high content of active phytochemicals, including antioxidants. The extracts used to impregnate polymers contained valuable polyphenolic compounds, as confirmed by FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopy. After impregnation, the polymer samples showed greater thermal stability, determined by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. In addition, despite the presence of natural antibacterial and antifungal substances in the extracts, the polyester samples remained biodegradable. The manuscript also describes the effect of UV aging on the change of surface free energy and the color of polymers. UV aging has been selected for testing due to the high susceptibility of plant compounds to this degrading factor. The combination of the extraction of plant material and polymer impregnation in one process proved to be an effective and functional method, as both the obtained plant extracts and impregnated polymers showed the expected properties.
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Progress to Improve Oral Bioavailability and Beneficial Effects of Resveratrol. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061381. [PMID: 30893846 PMCID: PMC6471659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene; RSV) is a natural nonflavonoid polyphenol present in many species of plants, particularly in grapes, blueberries, and peanuts. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that in addition to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and neuroprotective actions, it exhibits antitumor properties. In mammalian models, RSV is extensively metabolized and rapidly eliminated and therefore it shows a poor bioavailability, in spite it of its lipophilic nature. During the past decade, in order to improve RSV low aqueous solubility, absorption, membrane transport, and its poor bioavailability, various methodological approaches and different synthetic derivatives have been developed. In this review, we will describe the strategies used to improve pharmacokinetic characteristics and then beneficial effects of RSV. These methodological approaches include RSV nanoencapsulation in lipid nanocarriers or liposomes, nanoemulsions, micelles, insertion into polymeric particles, solid dispersions, and nanocrystals. Moreover, the biological results obtained on several synthetic derivatives containing different substituents, such as methoxylic, hydroxylic groups, or halogens on the RSV aromatic rings, will be described. Results reported in the literature are encouraging but require additional in vivo studies, to support clinical applications.
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Li L, Wang HH, Nie XT, Jiang WR, Zhang YS. Sodium butyrate ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced cow mammary epithelial cells from oxidative stress damage and apoptosis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:2370-2381. [PMID: 30259565 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the molecular mechanism by which sodium butyrate (NaB) causes oxidative stress damage induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on cow mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T). We found that NaB significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity and decreased the reactive oxygen species production in LPS-induced MAC-T cells. NaB attenuated protein damage and reduced apoptosis in LPS-induced MAC-T cells. The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax decreased, while the Bcl-2 mRNA level increased in LPS-induced MAC-T cells treated with NaB. Our results showed that NaB treatment increased the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and phospho-AKT (P-AKT) protein levels, whereas it decreased the Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 protein levels in LPS-induced MAC-T cells. However, the increase in PI3K and P-AKT protein levels and the decrease in Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 protein levels induced by NaB treatment were reversed when the cells were pretreated with LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor). These results indicate that NaB ameliorates LPS-induced oxidative damage by increasing antioxidative enzyme activities and ameliorating protein damage in MAC-T cells. In addition, NaB decreased apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax protein levels, and this action was mainly achieved via activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in LPS-induced MAC-T cells. These results provide substantial information for NaB as a chemical supplement to treat oxidative stress and its related diseases in ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan-Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Tian Nie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wan-Ru Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan-Shu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
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Annexin A1 Mimetic Peptide AC2-26 Inhibits Sepsis-induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis through LXA4/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:997-1004. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1975-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Ratajczak-Wrona W, Jablonska E. The Signaling Pathways in Nitric Oxide Production by Neutrophils Exposed to N-nitrosodimethylamine. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666180426121503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) play a crucial role in the innate
immune system’s response to microbial pathogens through the release of reactive nitrogen species,
including Nitric Oxide (NO).
</P><P>
Methods: In neutrophils, NO is produced by the inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS), which is
regulated by various signaling pathways and transcription factors. N-nitrosodimethylamine
(NDMA), a potential human carcinogen, affects immune cells. NDMA plays a major part in the
growing incidence of cancers. Thanks to the increasing knowledge on the toxicological role of
NDMA, the environmental factors that condition the exposure to this compound, especially its precursors-
nitrates arouse wide concern.
Results:
In this article, we present a detailed summary of the molecular mechanisms of NDMA’s
effect on the iNOS-dependent NO production in human neutrophils.
Conclusion:
This research contributes to a more complete understanding of the mechanisms that
explain the changes that occur during nonspecific cellular responses to NDMA toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Ratajczak-Wrona
- Department of Immunology Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Jablonska
- Department of Immunology Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Piceatannol pretreatment alleviates acute cardiac injury via regulating PI3K-Akt-eNOS signaling in H9c2 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:886-891. [PMID: 30551542 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Piceatannol (3,3',4,5'-trans-trihydroxystilbene) is a natural polyphenols compound that occurs hydroxylated analogue of resveratrol showing widely biological activities. Previous studies have demonstrated its functions on anti-cancer, neuroprotection and cardioprotection. However, few studies have clarified the benefits of piceatannol on cardiomyocytes except its anti-oxidative effect based on the original property of polyphenols. Here we apply H9c2 cardiomyocytes to study the cardioprotective mechanisms of piceatannol in vitro. We firstly verify its anti-peroxidation effect by using H2O2-induced in vitro model. Then, flow cytometry results show piceatannol reduce cellular apoptosis by enhancing Bcl-2 expressions in immunoblot analysis. Meantime, piceatannol decreases H2O2-induced excessive ROS and calcium overloading, and prevents mitochondrial depolarization. Most importantly, piceatannol pretreatment can regulate PI3K-Akt-eNOS signaling pathway to alleviate peroxidative injury. Immunoblot analysis of PI3K, Akt, p-Akt and eNOS shows H2O2 significantly reduces expressions of these proteins. Pretreatment of piceatannol evidently increases their expressions and decreases iNOS expression, implying piceatannol can upregulate PI3K-Akt-eNOS signaling to protect cardiomyocytes from peroxidative injury.
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Oh HN, Seo JH, Lee MH, Kim C, Kim E, Yoon G, Cho SS, Cho YS, Choi HW, Shim JH, Chae JI. Licochalcone C induced apoptosis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:10118-10130. [PMID: 30129052 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer is of an aggressive malignancy that arises on oral cavity and lip, 90% of cancers histologically originated in the squamous cells. Licochalcone (LC)C has been known as natural phenolic chalconoid substances, and its origin is the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra or Glycyrrhiza inflata. LCC inhibited oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell viability, mitochondrial function, and anchorage-independent growth in a dose-dependent manner. To investigate the ability of LCC to target Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), we performed pull-down binding assay, kinase assay, and docking simulation. The molecular docking studies were performed between JAK2 and the potent inhibitor LCC. It was shown that LCC tightly interacted with ATP-binding site of JAK2. In addition, LCC inhibited the JAK2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway, upregulated p21, and downregulated Bcl-2, Mcl-1, and Survivin, while it disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential and subsequently caused cytochrome c release with activation of multi-caspase, eventually leading to apoptosis in HN22 and HSC4 cells. LCC elevated the protein levels of Bax, cleaved Bid and PARP, and increased Apaf-1, and this effect was reversed by LCC treatment. Our results demonstrated that treatment of OSCC cells with LCC induced the death receptor (DR)4 and DR5 expression level with the generation of reactive oxygen species and the upregulation of CHOP protein expression. Taken together, these results could provide the basis for clinical application as a new therapeutic strategy in the treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Na Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-Gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Seo
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 Plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Cheolhee Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunae Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-Gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-Gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-Gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 Plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Pan Y, Li H, Zheng S, Zhang B, Deng ZY. Implication of the Significance of Dietary Compatibility: Based on the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Interactions with Different Ratios of Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Antioxidants among Four Daily Agricultural Crops. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:7461-7474. [PMID: 29920091 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The hydrophilic extracts of eggplant peel (HEEP) and purple sweet potato (HEPP) and lipophilic extracts of tomato (LET) and carrot (LEC) were mixed in different ratios to assess the significance of the compatibility of aliments, based on their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory interactions in H9c2 cells. The results indicated that groups of some combinational extracts (HEPP-HEEP F1/10, LEC-HEEP F3/10, LEC-HEPP F3/10) showed stronger synergistic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects than individual groups. For example, the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity of the LEC-HEEP (F3/10) group (86.71 ± 1.88) was higher than that in the HEEP (79.97 ± 1.68) and LEC (77.31 ± 1.85) groups. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was 30.37 ± 0.25 in the LEC-HEEP (F3/10) group while the levels were 34.34 ± 0.36 and 46.23 ± 0.51 in the HEEP and LEC groups, respectively. And the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was 1.82 ± 0.24 in the LEC-HEEP (F3/10) group while the levels were 2.48 ± 0.13 and 3.01 ± 0.24 in the HEEP and LEC groups, respectively. The expressions of inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) and cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1) showed similar tendencies. However, some groups (LET-LEC F5/10, LET-LEC F9/10, LET-HEPP F7/10) showed antagonistic effects based on these indicators. The principal component analysis showed that samples could be defined by two principal components: PC1, the main phenolic acids and flavonoids; PC2, carotenoids. Moreover, phenolics and anthoyanins were in the majority in synergistic groups, and carotenoids were in the majority in antagonistic groups. These results indicated that there exist synergistic or antagonistic interactions of aliments on antioxidation and anti-inflammation, which implied the significance of food compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , University of Nanchang , Nanchang 330047 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Hongyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , University of Nanchang , Nanchang 330047 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Shilian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , University of Nanchang , Nanchang 330047 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , University of Nanchang , Nanchang 330047 , Jiangxi , China
| | - Ze-Yuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , University of Nanchang , Nanchang 330047 , Jiangxi , China
- Institute for Advanced Study , University of Nanchang , Nanchang 330031 , Jiangxi , China
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Zhou T, Sun Y, Li M, Ding Y, Yin R, Li Z, Xie Q, Bao S, Cai W. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2-catalysed H3K27 trimethylation plays a key role in acute-on-chronic liver failure via TNF-mediated pathway. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:590. [PMID: 29789597 PMCID: PMC5964223 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0670-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute-on-chronic liver failure is mainly due to host immunity self-destruction. The histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) trimethylating enzyme, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) mediates epigenetic silencing of gene expression and regulates immunity, also involves pathogenesis of several liver diseases. The current study was to determine the role of methyltransferase EZH2 and its catalysed H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) in liver failure, and to further investigate the potential target for liver failure treatment. EZH2 and its catalysed H3K27me3 were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from liver failure patients and Kupffer cells from experimental mice. Furthermore, GSK126 (an inhibitor for EZH2 trimethylation function) was applied in liver failure mice in vivo, and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mononuclear cells in vitro. EZH2 and H3K27me3 were significantly upregulated in human PBMC from liver failure patients or murine Kupffer cells from the liver failure animals, respectively. GSK126 ameliorated disease severity in liver failure mice, which maybe attribute to down-regulate circulating and hepatic proinflammatory cytokines, especially TNF via reducing H3K27me3. In-depth chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis unravelled that decreased enrichment of H3K27me3 on Tnf promotor, resulting in TNF elevation in Kupffer cells from liver failure mice. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and protein kinase B (Akt) signalling pathways were activated upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation, but attenuated by using GSK126, accompanied with decreased TNF in vitro. In conclusion, EZH2 and H3K27me3 contributed to the pathogenesis of liver failure via triggering TNF and other indispensable proinflammatory cytokines. EZH2 was to modify H3K27me3 enrichment, as well as, activation of the downstream NF-κB and Akt signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, 215007, China
| | - Yongsen Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Rongkun Yin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ziqiang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Shisan Bao
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Zhang L, Xu Z, Wu Y, Liao J, Zeng F, Shi L. Akt/eNOS and MAPK signaling pathways mediated the phenotypic switching of thoracic aorta vascular smooth muscle cells in aging/hypertensive rats. Physiol Res 2018; 67:543-553. [PMID: 29750880 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidence demonstrates that phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is influenced by aging and hypertension. During phenotypic switching, VSMCs undergo a switch to a proliferative and migratory phenotype, with this switch being a common pathology in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the joint influence of age and hypertension on thoracic aortic smooth muscle phenotypic switching and the balance of Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling during this switch. Different ages of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were used to establish hypertension and aging models. The phenotypic state was determined by detecting the marker proteins alpha-SM-actin, calponin, and osteopontin (OPN) via immunohistochemical staining and Western blot. Signaling proteins associated with the Akt and MAPK pathways were detected in rat thoracic aorta using Western blot. Both aging and hypertension caused a decrease in contractile (differentiated) phenotype markers (alpha-SM-actin and calponin), while the synthetic (proliferative or de-differentiated) phenotype maker was elevated (OPN). When combining hypertension and aging, this effect was enhanced, with Akt signaling decreased, while MAPK signaling was increased. These results suggested that VSMCs phenotype switching is modulated by a balance between Akt and MAPK signaling in the process of aging and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, P. R. China.
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Zhang N, Feng H, Liao HH, Chen S, Yang Z, Deng W, Tang QZ. Myricetin attenuated LPS induced cardiac injuryin vivoandin vitro. Phytother Res 2017; 32:459-470. [PMID: 29214686 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology; Wuhan 430060 China
| | - Hong Feng
- Department of Gerontology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
| | - Hai-Han Liao
- Department of Cardiology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology; Wuhan 430060 China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Cardiology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology; Wuhan 430060 China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Cardiology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology; Wuhan 430060 China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology; Wuhan 430060 China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430060 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology; Wuhan 430060 China
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Ganesan K, Xu B. A Critical Review on Polyphenols and Health Benefits of Black Soybeans. Nutrients 2017; 9:E455. [PMID: 28471393 PMCID: PMC5452185 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites containing antioxidant properties, which help to protect chronic diseases from free radical damage. Dietary polyphenols are the subject of enhancing scientific interest due to their possible beneficial effects on human health. In the last two decades, there has been more interest in the potential health benefits of dietary polyphenols as antioxidant. Black soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr) are merely a black variety of soybean containing a variety of phytochemicals. These phytochemicals in black soybean (BSB) are potentially effective in human health, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Taking into account exploratory study, the present review aims to provide up-to-date data on health benefit of BSB, which helps to explore their therapeutic values for future clinical settings. All data of in vitro and in vivo studies of BSB and its impact on human health were collected from a library database and electronic search (Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar). The different pharmacological information was gathered and orchestrated in a suitable spot on the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519085, China.
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519085, China.
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