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Costa KLD, Abreu LF, Tolomei CB, Eleutério RG, Basting R, Balbinot G, Collares FM, Lopes P, Veiga N, Fernandes GVO, Peruzzo DC. Use of Local Melatonin with Xenogeneic Bone Graft to Treat Critical-Size Bone Defects in Rats with Osteoporosis: A Randomized Study. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:124. [PMID: 38786635 PMCID: PMC11122056 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15050124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of local administration of melatonin (MLT) on molecular biomarkers and calvaria bone critical defects in female rats with or without osteoporosis, associated or not with a xenogeneic biomaterial. Forty-eight female rats were randomly divided into two groups: (O) ovariectomized and (S) placebo groups. After 45 days of osteoporosis induction, two critical-size defects (5 mm diameter) were created on the calvaria. The groups were subdivided according to the following treatment: (C) Clot, MLT, MLT associated with Bio-Oss® (MLTBO), and Bio-Oss® (BO). After 45 days, the defect samples were collected and processed for microtomography, histomorphometry, and biomolecular analysis (Col-I, BMP-2, and OPN). All animals had one femur harvested to confirm the osteoporosis. Microtomography analysis demonstrated a bone mineral density reduction in the O group. Regarding bone healing, the S group presented greater filling of the defects than the O group; however, in the O group, the defects treated with MLT showed higher mineral filling than the other treatments. There was no difference between the treatments performed in the S group (p = 0.05). Otherwise, O-MLT had neoformed bone higher than in the other groups (p = 0.05). The groups that did not receive biomaterial demonstrated lower levels of Col-I secretion; S-MLT and S-MLTBO presented higher levels of OPN, while O-C presented statistically lower results (p < 0.05); O-BO showed greater BMP-2 secretion (p < 0.05). In the presence of ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis, MLT treatment increased the newly formed bone area, regulated the inflammatory response, and increased OPN expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Letícia Furtado Abreu
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Barreto Tolomei
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Rachel Gomes Eleutério
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosanna Basting
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Balbinot
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Laboratory of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-004, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Lopes
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Nelio Veiga
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Missouri School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A. T. Still University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Daiane Cristina Peruzzo
- Department of Periodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
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Chen Y, Yang C, Deng Z, Xiang T, Ni Q, Xu J, Sun D, Luo F. Gut microbially produced tryptophan metabolite melatonin ameliorates osteoporosis via modulating SCFA and TMAO metabolism. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12954. [PMID: 38618998 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a severe global health issue that has significant implications for productivity and human lifespan. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been demonstrated to be closely associated with OP progression. Melatonin (MLT) is an important endogenous hormone that modulates bone metabolism, maintains bone homeostasis, and improves OP progression. Multiple studies indicated that MLT participates in the regulation of intestinal microbiota and gut barrier function. However, the promising effects of gut microbiota-derived MLT in OP remain unclear. Here, we found that OP resulted in intestinal tryptophan disorder and decreased the production of gut microbiota-derived MLT, while administration with MLT could mitigate OP-related clinical symptoms and reverse gut microbiota dysbiosis, including the diversity of intestinal microbiota, the relative abundance of many probiotics such as Allobaculum and Parasutterella, and metabolic function of intestinal flora such as amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and energy metabolism. Notably, MLT significantly increased the production of short-chain fatty acids and decreased trimethylamine N-oxide-related metabolites. Importantly, MLT could modulate the dynamic balance of M1/M2 macrophages, reduce the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and restore gut-barrier function. Taken together, our results highlighted the important roles of gut microbially derived MLT in OP progression via the "gut-bone" axis associated with SCFA metabolism, which may provide novel insight into the development of MLT as a promising drug for treating OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA 76th Army Corps Hospital, Beijing, Xining, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zihan Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingwen Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingrong Ni
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Hattori A, Suzuki N. Receptor-Mediated and Receptor-Independent Actions of Melatonin in Vertebrates. Zoolog Sci 2024; 41:105-116. [PMID: 38587523 DOI: 10.2108/zs230057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an indolamine that is synthesized from tryptophan in the pineal glands of vertebrates through four enzymatic reactions. Melatonin is a quite unique bioactive substance, characterized by a combination of both receptor-mediated and receptor-independent actions, which promote the diverse effects of melatonin. One of the main functions of melatonin, via its membrane receptors, is to regulate the circadian or seasonal rhythm. In mammals, light information, which controls melatonin synthesis, is received in the eye, and transmitted to the pineal gland, via the suprachiasmatic nucleus, where the central clock is located. Alternatively, in many vertebrates other than mammals, the pineal gland cells, which are involved in melatonin synthesis and secretion and in the circadian clock, directly receive light. Recently, it has been reported that melatonin possesses several metabolic functions, which involve bone and glucose, in addition to regulating the circadian rhythm. Melatonin improves bone strength by inhibiting osteoclast activity. It is also known to maintain brain activity during sleep by increasing glucose uptake at night, in an insulin-independent manner. Moreover, as a non-receptor-mediated action, melatonin has antioxidant properties. Melatonin has been proven to be a potent free radical scavenger and a broad-spectrum antioxidant, even protecting organisms against radiation from space. Melatonin is a ubiquitously distributed molecule and is found in bacteria, unicellular organisms, fungi, and plants. It is hypothesized that melatonin initially functioned as an antioxidant, then, in vertebrates, it combined this role with the ability to regulate rhythm and metabolism, via its receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiko Hattori
- Department of Sport and Wellness, College of Sport and Wellness, Rikkyo University, Niiza, Saitama 352-8558, Japan
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan,
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Al-Ansari N, Samuel SM, Büsselberg D. Unveiling the Protective Role of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma: Current Knowledge and Limitations. Biomolecules 2024; 14:145. [PMID: 38397382 PMCID: PMC10886489 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, an endogenous neurohormone produced by the pineal gland, has received increased interest due to its potential anti-cancer properties. Apart from its well-known role in the sleep-wake cycle, extensive scientific evidence has shown its role in various physiological and pathological processes, such as inflammation. Additionally, melatonin has demonstrated promising potential as an anti-cancer agent as its function includes inhibition of tumorigenesis, induction of apoptosis, and regulation of anti-tumor immune response. Although a precise pathophysiological mechanism is yet to be established, several pathways related to the regulation of cell cycle progression, DNA repair mechanisms, and antioxidant activity have been implicated in the anti-neoplastic potential of melatonin. In the current manuscript, we focus on the potential anti-cancer properties of melatonin and its use in treating and managing pediatric osteosarcoma. This aggressive bone tumor primarily affects children and adolescents and is treated mainly by surgical and radio-oncological interventions, which has improved survival rates among affected individuals. Significant disadvantages to these interventions include disease recurrence, therapy-related toxicity, and severe/debilitating side effects that the patients have to endure, significantly affecting their quality of life. Melatonin has therapeutic effects when used for treating osteosarcoma, attributed to its ability to halt cancer cell proliferation and trigger apoptotic cell death, thereby enhancing chemotherapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, the antioxidative function of melatonin alleviates harmful side effects of chemotherapy-induced oxidative damage, aiding in decreasing therapeutic toxicities. The review concisely explains the many mechanisms by which melatonin targets osteosarcoma, as evidenced by significant results from several in vitro and animal models. Nevertheless, if further explored, human trials remain a challenge that could shed light and support its utility as an adjunctive therapeutic modality for treating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nojoud Al-Ansari
- Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar;
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
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Yang T, Wu J, Ding X, Zhou B, Xiong Y. The association of melatonin use and hip fracture: a matched cohort study. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:1127-1135. [PMID: 37036474 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
By using propensity-score matched cohorts, we compared the risk of incident hip fracture between melatonin initiators and hypnotic benzodiazepines initiators. The initiation of melatonin was not associated with an increased risk of hip fracture. INTRODUCTION Melatonin is hypothesized to suppress bone loss, but a previous study reported an increased risk of hip fracture among melatonin users compared with non-users, which was however susceptible to confounding by indication. This study aimed to compare the risk of hip fracture between melatonin initiators and initiators of its active comparators, i.e., hypnotic benzodiazepines. METHODS Among individuals aged 40 years or older without a history of hip fracture or cancer in the IQVIA Medical Research Database (IMRD) in the UK (2000-2018), a propensity score-matched cohort study was conducted to examine the association of melatonin initiation vs. hypnotic benzodiazepines initiation with the risk of hip fracture. RESULTS After propensity score matching, 9,038 patients were included (4,519 melatonin initiators and 4,519 hypnotic benzodiazepines initiators). During the entire follow-up, 41 cases of hip fracture occurred in the melatonin cohort, and 51 cases occurred in the hypnotic benzodiazepines cohort. The absolute rate difference in hip fracture between melatonin initiators and hypnotic benzodiazepines initiators was -0.8 (95% CI: -1.9 to 0.3) per 1000 person-years and the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of hip fracture for melatonin initiators was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.51 to 1.17). CONCLUSION In this population-based cohort study, the risk of hip fracture among melatonin initiators was not higher, if not lower, than that among hypnotic benzodiazepines initiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Yang
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Yilin Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Osteoarthritis, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Hirayama J, Hattori A, Takahashi A, Furusawa Y, Tabuchi Y, Shibata M, Nagamatsu A, Yano S, Maruyama Y, Matsubara H, Sekiguchi T, Suzuki N. Physiological consequences of space flight, including abnormal bone metabolism, space radiation injury, and circadian clock dysregulation: Implications of melatonin use and regulation as a countermeasure. J Pineal Res 2023; 74:e12834. [PMID: 36203395 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to the space environment induces a number of pathophysiological outcomes in astronauts, including bone demineralization, sleep disorders, circadian clock dysregulation, cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction, and reduced immune system function. A recent report describing experiments aboard the Space Shuttle mission, STS-132, showed that the level of melatonin, a hormone that provides the biochemical signal of darkness, was decreased during microgravity in an in vitro culture model. Additionally, abnormal lighting conditions in outer space, such as low light intensity in orbital spacecraft and the altered 24-h light-dark cycles, may result in the dysregulation of melatonin rhythms and the misalignment of the circadian clock from sleep and work schedules in astronauts. Studies on Earth have demonstrated that melatonin regulates various physiological functions including bone metabolism. These data suggest that the abnormal regulation of melatonin in outer space may contribute to pathophysiological conditions of astronauts. In addition, experiments with high-linear energy transfer radiation, a ground-based model of space radiation, showed that melatonin may serve as a protectant against space radiation. Gene expression profiling using an in vitro culture model exposed to space flight during the STS-132 mission, showed that space radiation alters the expression of DNA repair and oxidative stress response genes, indicating that melatonin counteracts the expression of these genes responsive to space radiation to promote cell survival. These findings implicate the use of exogenous melatonin and the regulation of endogenous melatonin as countermeasures for the physiological consequences of space flight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hirayama
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences & Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Sustainable Systems Science, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hattori
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Japan
| | | | - Yukihiro Furusawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shibata
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Japan
| | | | - Sachiko Yano
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Maruyama
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Hajime Matsubara
- Noto Center for Fisheries Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Toshio Sekiguchi
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Japan
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Japan
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Yang K, Qiu X, Cao L, Qiu S. The role of melatonin in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:975181. [PMID: 36278157 PMCID: PMC9585202 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.975181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an important endogenous hormone that modulates homeostasis in the microenvironment. Recent studies have indicated that serum melatonin levels are closely associated with the occurrence and development of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Exogenous melatonin could also improve bone mass and increase skeletal strength. To determine the underlying mechanisms of melatonin in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, we performed this review to analyze the role of melatonin in bone metabolism according to its physiological functions. Serum melatonin is related to bone mass, the measurement of which is a potential method for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Melatonin has a direct effect on bone remodeling by promoting osteogenesis and suppressing osteoclastogenesis. Melatonin also regulates the biological rhythm of bone tissue, which benefits its osteogenic effect. Additionally, melatonin participates in the modulation of the bone microenvironment. Melatonin attenuates the damage induced by oxidative stress and inflammation on osteoblasts and prevents osteolysis from reactive oxygen species and inflammatory factors. As an alternative drug for osteoporosis, melatonin can improve the gut ecology, remodel microbiota composition, regulate substance absorption and maintain metabolic balance, all of which are beneficial to the health of bone structure. In conclusion, our review systematically demonstrates the effects of melatonin on bone metabolism. Based on the evidence in this review, melatonin will play a more important role in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keda Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueshan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University and College of Basic Medical Sciences Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lili Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Cao, ; Shui Qiu,
| | - Shui Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Cao, ; Shui Qiu,
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Tian Y, Ming J. The role of circadian rhythm in osteoporosis; a review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:960456. [PMID: 36238690 PMCID: PMC9550872 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.960456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterized by a high incidence rate, with significant effects on people’s lives. The underlying mechanisms are complex, with no treatments for the condition. Recent studies have indicated that melatonin can be used to treat osteoporosis by promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, and inhibiting osteoclast differentiation. Specifically, in vivo mechanisms are initiated by stabilizing biological rhythms in bone tissue. In healthy organisms, these biological rhythms are present in bone tissue, and are characterized by bone formation during the day, and bone resorption at night. When this rhythm is disrupted, osteoporosis occurs. Thus, taking appropriate medication at different times of the day could produce different effects on osteoporosis rhythms. In this review, we characterized these processes, and provided treatments and management strategies for individuals with osteoporosis.
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Yi M, Yin Y, Sun J, Wang Z, Tang Q, Yang C. Hormone and implant osseointegration: Elaboration of the relationship among function, preclinical, and clinical practice. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:965753. [PMID: 36188222 PMCID: PMC9522461 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.965753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As clusters of peptides or steroids capable of high-efficiency information transmission, hormones have been substantiated to coordinate metabolism, growth, development, and other physiological processes, especially in bone physiology and repair metabolism. In recent years, the application of hormones for implant osseointegration has become a research hotspot. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the relevant reports on endogenous hormones and their corresponding supplementary preparations to explore the association between hormones and the prognosis of implants. We also discuss the effects and mechanisms of insulin, parathyroid hormone, melatonin, vitamin D, and growth hormone on osseointegration at the molecular and body levels to provide a foothold and guide future research on the systemic conditions that affect the implantation process and expand the relative contraindications of the implant, and the pre-and post-operative precautions. This review shows that systemic hormones can regulate the osseointegration of oral implants through endogenous or exogenous drug-delivery methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiwei Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeying Wang
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
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Munmun F, Mohiuddin OA, Hoang VT, Burow ME, Bunnell BA, Sola VM, Carpentieri AR, Witt-Enderby PA. The role of MEK1/2 and MEK5 in melatonin-mediated actions on osteoblastogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, bone microarchitecture, biomechanics, and bone formation. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12814. [PMID: 35674448 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, the primary hormone involved in circadian entrainment, plays a significant role in bone physiology. This study aimed to assess the role of MEK1/2 and MEK5 in melatonin-mediated actions in mouse and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and on bone using small-molecule inhibitors and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout approaches. Consistent with in vitro studies performed in mMSCs and hMSCs, nightly (25 mg/kg, i.p., 45 days) injections with PD184352 (MEK1/2 inhibitor) or Bix02189 (MEK5 inhibitor) or SC-1-151 (MEK1/2/5 inhibitor) demonstrated that MEK1/2 and MEK5 were the primary drivers underlying melatonin's actions on bone density, microarchitecture (i.e., trabecular number, separation, and connectivity density), and bone mechanical properties (i.e., ultimate stress) through increases in osteogenic (RUNX2, BMP-2, FRA-1, OPG) expression and decreases in PPARγ. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of MEK1 or MEK5 in mMSCs seeded on PLGA scaffolds and placed into critical-size calvarial defects in Balb(c) mice (male and female) revealed that treatment with melatonin (15 mg/L; p.o., nightly, 90 days) mediates sex-specific actions of MEK1 and MEK5 in new bone formation. This study is the first to demonstrate a role for MEK1/2 and MEK5 in modulating melatonin-mediated actions on bone formation in vivo and in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Munmun
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Omair A Mohiuddin
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Van T Hoang
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Matthew E Burow
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Veronica M Sola
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Odontology, National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Agata R Carpentieri
- Faculty of Odontology, National University of Cordoba and National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET); Institute for Health Sciences Research (INICSA), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Paula A Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Wang X, You J, Liu A, Qi X, Li D, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhang X, Li P. Variation in Melatonin Contents and Genetic Dissection of Melatonin Biosynthesis in Sesame. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2005. [PMID: 35956483 PMCID: PMC9370803 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, people have become increasingly interested in bioactive molecules in plants that are beneficial to human health, and melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) has attracted research attention due to its excellent performance. In this study, the content of melatonin in oilseeds was investigated. From the results, it was found that sesame is an important natural food source of melatonin intake. Furthermore, the variation in melatonin content was explored in a natural sesame population, and its contents varied from 0.04 to 298.62 ng g-1. Through a genome-wide association study (GWAS), a candidate gene SiWRKY67 was screened that regulates melatonin content in sesame. The sesame hairy root transformation system was developed and used to verify this gene, and it was found that the overexpression of SiWRKY67 could positively promote the melatonin content in the hairy roots. Our results provide not only a foundation for understanding the genetic structure of melatonin content in sesame seeds but also a reference for the marker-assisted breeding of sesame varieties with high melatonin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (X.W.); (A.L.); (X.Q.); (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jun You
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (X.W.); (A.L.); (X.Q.); (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Aili Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (X.W.); (A.L.); (X.Q.); (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (X.W.); (A.L.); (X.Q.); (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Donghua Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (X.W.); (A.L.); (X.Q.); (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (X.W.); (A.L.); (X.Q.); (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yanxin Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (X.W.); (A.L.); (X.Q.); (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Liangxiao Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (X.W.); (A.L.); (X.Q.); (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiurong Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (X.W.); (A.L.); (X.Q.); (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; (X.W.); (A.L.); (X.Q.); (D.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
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12
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The Zebrafish, an Outstanding Model for Biomedical Research in the Field of Melatonin and Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137438. [PMID: 35806441 PMCID: PMC9267299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish has become an excellent model for the study of human diseases because it offers many advantages over other vertebrate animal models. The pineal gland, as well as the biological clock and circadian rhythms, are highly conserved in zebrafish, and melatonin is produced in the pineal gland and in most organs and tissues of the body. Zebrafish have several copies of the clock genes and of aanat and asmt genes, the latter involved in melatonin synthesis. As in mammals, melatonin can act through its membrane receptors, as with zebrafish, and through mechanisms that are independent of receptors. Pineal melatonin regulates peripheral clocks and the circadian rhythms of the body, such as the sleep/wake rhythm, among others. Extrapineal melatonin functions include antioxidant activity, inducing the endogenous antioxidants enzymes, scavenging activity, removing free radicals, anti-inflammatory activity through the regulation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, and a homeostatic role in mitochondria. In this review, we introduce the utility of zebrafish to analyze the mechanisms of action of melatonin. The data here presented showed that the zebrafish is a useful model to study human diseases and that melatonin exerts beneficial effects on many pathophysiological processes involved in these diseases.
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13
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Tian Y, Ming J. Melatonin inhibits osteoclastogenesis via RANKL/OPG suppression mediated by Rev-Erbα in osteoblasts. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4032-4047. [PMID: 35726597 PMCID: PMC9279587 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic osteoporosis is secondary osteoporosis and a serious complication of diabetes with a high incidence rate and poor prognosis. The specific mechanism of diabetic osteoporosis is unclear, and prevention and treatment options are limited. Recently, melatonin has been found to prevent and treat diabetic osteoporosis. Herein, we investigated the mechanism whereby melatonin inhibits osteoclastogenesis and identified a new target for osteoporosis treatment. We established an in vitro osteoblast–osteoclast co‐culture system as a diabetic osteoporosis model. Osteoclastogenesis was determined using tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase staining and cathepsin K expression. Real‐time PCR was used to ascertain expression of microRNA mir‐882, targeting Rev‐Erbα. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of Rev‐Erbα, receptor activator of NF‐kB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG), and ELISA was utilized to analyse the secreted form of RANKL. High glucose promoted osteoclastogenesis and elevated the RANKL/OPG ratio in osteoblasts, while melatonin reversed these effects. High glucose inhibited Rev‐Erbα expression, while melatonin promoted its expression. Conversely, high glucose promoted mir‐882 expression, while melatonin inhibited it. We infer that melatonin inhibits RANKL expression in osteoblasts via the mir‐882/Rev‐Erbα axis, thus inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. Our findings provide insights into diabetic osteoporosis and identify a new therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Tian
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Ming
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
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14
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Melatonin and the Programming of Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041971. [PMID: 35216086 PMCID: PMC8879213 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin interacts with various types of stem cells, in multiple ways that comprise stimulation of proliferation, maintenance of stemness and self-renewal, protection of survival, and programming toward functionally different cell lineages. These various properties are frequently intertwined but may not be always jointly present. Melatonin typically stimulates proliferation and transition to the mature cell type. For all sufficiently studied stem or progenitor cells, melatonin’s signaling pathways leading to expression of respective morphogenetic factors are discussed. The focus of this article will be laid on the aspect of programming, particularly in pluripotent cells. This is especially but not exclusively the case in neural stem cells (NSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Concerning developmental bifurcations, decisions are not exclusively made by melatonin alone. In MSCs, melatonin promotes adipogenesis in a Wnt (Wingless-Integration-1)-independent mode, but chondrogenesis and osteogenesis Wnt-dependently. Melatonin upregulates Wnt, but not in the adipogenic lineage. This decision seems to depend on microenvironment and epigenetic memory. The decision for chondrogenesis instead of osteogenesis, both being Wnt-dependent, seems to involve fibroblast growth factor receptor 3. Stem cell-specific differences in melatonin and Wnt receptors, and contributions of transcription factors and noncoding RNAs are outlined, as well as possibilities and the medical importance of re-programming for transdifferentiation.
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15
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Melatonin Attenuates RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis via Inhibition of Atp6v0d2 and DC-STAMP through MAPK and NFATc1 Signaling Pathways. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020501. [PMID: 35056817 PMCID: PMC8781594 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland that is involved in the biorhythm of reproductive activities. The present study investigated the inhibitory effects of melatonin on osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 cells according to changes in V-ATPase and the corresponding inhibition of the MAPK and NFATc1 signaling processes. Methods: the cytotoxic effect of melatonin was investigated by MTT assay. Osteoclast differentiation and gene expression of osteoclast-related factors were confirmed via TRAP staining, pit formation assay, immunofluorescence imaging, western blot, and real-time PCR. Results: melatonin was found to inactivate the p38 and JNK of MAP kinase in RAW264.7 cells treated with RANKL and treated with a combination RANKL and melatonin for 1, 3, and 5 days. The melatonin treatment group showed a reduction in osteoclastogenesis transcription factors and ATP6v0d2 gene expression. Conclusions: melatonin inhibits osteoclast differentiation and cell fusion by inhibiting the expression of Atp6v0d2 through the inactivation of MAPK and NFATc1 signaling in RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The findings of the present study suggest that melatonin could be a suitable therapy for bone loss and imply a potential role of melatonin in bone health.
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16
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Zheng S, Zhou C, Yang H, Li J, Feng Z, Liao L, Li Y. Melatonin Accelerates Osteoporotic Bone Defect Repair by Promoting Osteogenesis-Angiogenesis Coupling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:826660. [PMID: 35273570 PMCID: PMC8902312 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.826660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that melatonin could play a role in anti-osteoporosis and promoting osteogenesis. However, the effects of melatonin treatment on osteoporotic bone defect and the mechanism underlying the effects of melatonin on angiogenesis are still unclear. Our study was aimed to investigate the potential effects of melatonin on angiogenesis and osteoporotic bone defect. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from the femur and tibia of rats. The BMSC osteogenic ability was assessed using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red S staining, qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. BMSC-mediated angiogenic potentials were determined using qRT-PCR, western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, scratch wound assay, transwell migration assay, and tube formation assay. Ovariectomized (OVX) rats with tibia defect were used to establish an osteoporotic bone defect model and then treated with melatonin. The effects of melatonin treatment on osteoporotic bone defect in OVX rats were analyzed using micro-CT, histology, sequential fluorescent labeling, and biomechanical test. Our study showed that melatonin promoted both osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro. BMSCs treated with melatonin indicated higher expression levels of osteogenesis-related markers [ALP, osteocalcin (OCN), runt-related transcription factor 2, and osterix] and angiogenesis-related markers [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin-2, and angiopoietin-4] compared to the untreated group. Significantly, melatonin was not able to facilitate human umbilical vein endothelial cell angiogenesis directly, but it possessed the ability to promote BMSC-mediated angiogenesis by upregulating the VEGF levels. In addition, we further found that melatonin treatment increased bone mineralization and formation around the tibia defect in OVX rats compared with the control group. Immunohistochemical staining indicated higher expression levels of osteogenesis-related marker (OCN) and angiogenesis-related markers (VEGF and CD31) in the melatonin-treated OVX rats. Then, it showed that melatonin treatment also increased the bone strength of tibia defect in OVX rats, with increased ultimate load and stiffness, as performed by three-point bending test. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that melatonin could promote BMSC-mediated angiogenesis and promote osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling. We further found that melatonin could accelerate osteoporotic bone repair by promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis in OVX rats. These findings may provide evidence for the potential application of melatonin in osteoporotic bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics-Spine Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhua Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyu Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqing Liao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yikai Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yikai Li,
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17
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Huang J, Li Y, Wang L, He C. Combined Effects of Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Field and Melatonin on Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss in Mice. Bioelectromagnetics 2021; 42:616-628. [PMID: 34516671 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy and melatonin (MEL) supplementation are expected to be important strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis. The aim of the current study was to investigate the efficacy of PEMF therapy, MEL supplementation, a combination of PEMF therapy, and MEL supplementation (PEMF + MEL) in mice with bilateral ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis. Forty 12-week-old female C57/BL mice were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 8/group): OVX, PEMF, MEL, PEMF + MEL, and sham-operation (sham) groups. All mice in the first four groups were subjected to OVX. The mice in the PEMF and PEMF + MEL groups were exposed to PEMF (75 Hz, 1.6 mT, 1 h/day for 12 weeks), while those in the MEL and PEMF + MEL groups were administered MEL (50 mg/kg, i.p.). Body mass, micro-computed tomography, histology, immunohistochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed. PEMF + MEL treatment enhanced bone volume fraction (BV/TV) 2.2-fold over OVX control (P < 0.001) and increased expression levels of collagen type I (COL1) 1.9-fold and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) 2.5-fold. PEMF + MEL also reduced the ratio of bone surface/bone volume (BS/BV) by 40% (P < 0.05) and appeared to reduce the number of osteoclasts in the metaphysis area. Preservation of bone value and bone microarchitecture in the combined therapy group were found to be superior to those in the single treatment groups. However, there were no apparent differences between the PEMF and MEL groups. The use of a combination of PEMF therapy and MEL supplementation may be an effective method to treat osteoporosis. © 2021 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liqiong Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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18
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MacDonald IJ, Tsai HC, Chang AC, Huang CC, Yang SF, Tang CH. Melatonin Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Osteolytic Bone Metastasis: Implications for Osteoporosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179435. [PMID: 34502344 PMCID: PMC8430520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are major cellular components in the bone microenvironment and they play a key role in the bone turnover cycle. Many risk factors interfere with this cycle and contribute to bone-wasting diseases that progressively destroy bone and markedly reduce quality of life. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy-tryptamine) has demonstrated intriguing therapeutic potential in the bone microenvironment, with reported effects that include the regulation of bone metabolism, acceleration of osteoblastogenesis, inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and the induction of apoptosis in mature osteoclasts, as well as the suppression of osteolytic bone metastasis. This review aims to shed light on molecular and clinical evidence that points to possibilities of melatonin for the treatment of both osteoporosis and osteolytic bone metastasis. It appears that the therapeutic qualities of melatonin supplementation may enable existing antiresorptive osteoporotic drugs to treat osteolytic metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iona J. MacDonald
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (I.J.M.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Hsiao-Chi Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (I.J.M.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - An-Chen Chang
- Translational Medicine Center, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 111, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Chung Huang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (I.J.M.); (H.-C.T.)
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2205-2121 (ext. 7726)
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19
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Alamdari AF, Rahnemayan S, Rajabi H, Vahed N, Kashani HRK, Rezabakhsh A, Sanaie S. Melatonin as a promising modulator of aging related neurodegenerative disorders: Role of microRNAs. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105839. [PMID: 34418564 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the host risk factors involved in aging-related diseases is coupled with the reduction of endogenous melatonin (MLT) synthesis in the pineal gland. MLT is considered a well-known pleiotropic regulatory hormone to modulate a multitude of biological processes such as the regulation of circadian rhythm attended by potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. It has also been established that the microRNAs family, as non-coding mRNAs regulating post-transcriptional processes, also serve a crucial role to promote MLT-related advantageous effects in both experimental and clinical settings. Moreover, the anti-aging impact of MLT and miRNAs participation jointly are of particular interest, recently. In this review, we aimed to scrutinize recent advances concerning the therapeutic implications of MLT, particularly in the brain tissue in the face of aging. We also assessed the possible interplay between microRNAs and MLT, which could be considered a therapeutic strategy to slow down the aging process in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Fathalizadeh Alamdari
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sama Rahnemayan
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Rajabi
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nafiseh Vahed
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sarvin Sanaie
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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20
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Munmun F, Witt-Enderby PA. Melatonin effects on bone: Implications for use as a therapy for managing bone loss. J Pineal Res 2021; 71:e12749. [PMID: 34085304 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is the primary circadian output signal from the brain and is mainly synthesized in pinealocytes. The rhythm and secretion of melatonin are under the control of an endogenous oscillator located in the SCN or the master biological clock. Disruptions in circadian rhythms by shift work, aging, or light at night are associated with bone loss and increased fracture risk. Restoration of nocturnal melatonin peaks to normal levels or therapeutic levels through timed melatonin supplementation has been demonstrated to provide bone-protective actions in various models. Melatonin is a unique molecule with diverse molecular actions targeting melatonin receptors located on the plasma membrane or mitochondria or acting independently of receptors through its actions as an antioxidant or free radical scavenger to stimulate osteoblastogenesis, inhibit osteoclastogenesis, and improve bone density. Its additional actions on entraining circadian rhythms and improving quality of life in an aging population coupled with its safety profile make it an ideal therapeutic candidate for protecting against bone loss in susceptible populations. The intent of this review is to provide a focused discussion on bone loss and disorders of the bone as it relates to melatonin and conditions that modify melatonin levels with the hope that future therapies include those that include melatonin and correct those factors that modify melatonin levels like circadian disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Munmun
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paula A Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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21
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Huang J, Li Y, He C. Melatonin as a Trigger of Therapeutic Bone Regenerating Capacity in Biomaterials. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:707-718. [PMID: 34250874 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210709145347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone defects are usually treated with bone grafting. Several synthetic biomaterials have emerged to replace autologous and allogeneic bone grafts, but there are still shortcomings in bone regeneration. Melatonin has demonstrated a beneficial effect on bone metabolism with the potential to treat fractures, bone defects, and osteoporosis. The hormone promoted osteogenesis, inhibited osteoclastogenesis, stimulated angiogenesis, and reduced peri-implantitis around the graft. Recently, a growing number of studies showed beneficial effects of melatonin to treat bone defects. However, cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in bone healing are still poorly understood. In this review, we recapitulate the potential mechanisms of melatonin, providing a new horizon to the clinical treatment of bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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22
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Choi JH, Jang AR, Park MJ, Kim DI, Park JH. Melatonin Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice by Regulating PRMT1-Mediated Signaling. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6169647. [PMID: 33713122 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, a pineal gland hormone, has been suggested to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis due to its inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation. We previously reported that protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) was an important mediator of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis. However, the relationship between melatonin and PRMT1 in osteoclast differentiation and estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis is unclear. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory mechanisms of melatonin in vitro and in vivo by focusing on PRMT1. Melatonin treatment effectively blocked RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting PRMT1 and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) expression. RANKL-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and the phosphorylation of JNK were also suppressed by melatonin, and TRAF6 siRNA attenuated RANKL-induced p-JNK and PRMT1 production. Melatonin inhibited the transcriptional activity of NF-κB by interfering with the binding of PRMT1 and NF-κB subunit p65 in RANKL-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages. Our results also revealed that melatonin inhibits RANKL-induced PRMT1 expression through receptors-independent pathway. Thus, the anti-osteoclastogenic effect of melatonin was mediated by a cascade of inhibition of RANKL-induced TRAF6, JNK, PRMT1, and NF-κB signaling in melatonin receptors-independent pathway. In vivo, ovariectomy caused significant decreases in bone mineral density, but melatonin treatment alleviated the ovariectomized (OVX)-induced bone loss by inhibiting bone resorption. Furthermore, the expression PRMT1 and TRAP mRNA was upregulated in OVX-femurs, but effectively suppressed by melatonin injection. These findings suggest that melatonin inhibited osteoclast differentiation and estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis by suppressing RANKL-induced TRAF6, JNK, PRMT1, and NF-κB signaling cascades in melatonin receptors-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hee Choi
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Ra Jang
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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23
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Jarrar H, Çetin Altındal D, Gümüşderelioğlu M. Effect of melatonin/BMP-2 co-delivery scaffolds on the osteoclast activity. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:32. [PMID: 33751250 PMCID: PMC7983354 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein two (BMP-2) has been widely used as an osteoinductive agent in the treatment of bone diseases. However, some side effects, such as osteoclast activation have emerged when it was used at high doses. In this study, by considering the osteoclast-suppressing capability of melatonin (MEL), its effect on osteoclast differentiation induced by BMP-2 was investigated. These two factors, MEL and BMP-2, were embedded into chitosan/hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffolds that were characterized morphologically by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography (μ-CT). Release profiles of MEL and BMP-2 from scaffolds were determined in vitro and then, the differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells to osteoclasts was investigated on the scaffolds. Results of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, SEM imaging and expression of cathepsin K gene showed that, in the presence of BMP-2, osteoclast differentiation increased, whereas it decreased in MEL and MEL/BMP-2 embedded scaffolds suggesting that melatonin successfully attenuated osteoclast differentiation induced by BMP-2. Thus, the MEL/BMP-2 loaded chitosan/HAp scaffolds that have dual function in enhancing bone formation and inhibiting osteoclast activity are recommended biomaterials in the field of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Jarrar
- Bioengineering Department, Hacettepe University, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
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24
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Liu PI, Chang AC, Lai JL, Lin TH, Tsai CH, Chen PC, Jiang YJ, Lin LW, Huang WC, Yang SF, Tang CH. Melatonin interrupts osteoclast functioning and suppresses tumor-secreted RANKL expression: implications for bone metastases. Oncogene 2021; 40:1503-1515. [PMID: 33452455 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-related bone erosion occurs frequently in bone metastasis and is associated with severe complications such as chronic bone pain, fractures, and lower survival rates. In recognition of the fact that the darkness hormone melatonin is capable of regulating bone homeostasis, we explored its therapeutic potential in bone metastasis. We found that melatonin directly reduces osteoclast differentiation, bone resorption activity and promotes apoptosis of mature osteoclasts. We also observed that melatonin inhibits RANKL production in lung and prostate cancer cells by downregulating the p38 MAPK pathway, which in turn prevents cancer-associated osteoclast differentiation. In lung and prostate bone metastasis models, twice-weekly melatonin treatment markedly reduced tumor volumes and numbers of osteolytic lesions. Melatonin also substantially lowered the numbers of TRAP-positive osteoclasts in tibia bone marrow and RANKL expression in tumor tissue. These findings show promise for melatonin in the treatment of bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-I Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - An-Chen Chang
- Translational Medicine Center, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Lin Lai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Huang Lin
- Department of Urology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital Taichung Branch, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chen
- Translational Medicine Center, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jing Jiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Wei Lin
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chien Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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25
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Tian Y, Gong Z, Zhao R, Zhu Y. Melatonin inhibits RANKL‑induced osteoclastogenesis through the miR‑882/Rev‑erbα axis in Raw264.7 cells. Int J Mol Med 2020; 47:633-642. [PMID: 33416111 PMCID: PMC7797465 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, secreted in a typical diurnal rhythm pattern, has been reported to prevent osteoporosis; however, its role in osteoclastogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, the ability of melatonin to inhibit receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and the associated mechanism were investigated. Raw264.7 cells were cultured with RANKL (100 ng/ml) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF; 30 ng/ml) for 7 days, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was used to detect osteoclastogenesis following treatment with melatonin. In addition, the effect of melatonin on cathepsin K and microRNA (miR)-882 expression was investigated via western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Melatonin significantly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in Raw264.7 cells. From bioinformatics analysis, it was inferred that nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1/Rev-erbα) may be a target of miR-882. In vitro, melatonin upregulated Rev-erbα expression and downregulated miR-882 expression in the osteoclastogenesis model. Rev-erbα overexpression boosted the anti-osteoclastogenesis effects of melatonin, whereas miR-882 partially diminished these effects. The present results indicated that the miR-882/Rev-erbα axis may serve a vital role in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis following RANKL and M-CSF treatment, indicating that Rev-erbα agonism or miR-882 inhibition may represent mechanisms through which melatonin prevents osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Zunlei Gong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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26
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Jarrar H, Çetİn Altindal D, GÜmÜŞderelİoĞlu M. The inhibitory effect of melatonin on osteoclastogenesis of RAW 264.7 cells in low concentrations of RANKL and MCSF. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 44:427-436. [PMID: 33402869 PMCID: PMC7759193 DOI: 10.3906/biy-2007-85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RAW 264.7 cells are one of the most recommended cell lines for investigating the activity and differentiation of osteoclasts. These cells differentiate into osteoclasts in the presence of two critical components: receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony stimulating factor (MCSF). Melatonin (MEL) hormone has recently become one of the small molecules used in the field of bone regeneration and bone disease treatment, as it has the ability to inhibit the differentiation of osteoclasts directly by suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway. The main aim of the current study is to determine sufficient RANKL/MCSF concentrations for differentiation of the cells to osteoclasts and to describe the repressive effect of MEL on the osteoclastogenesis of these cells. In this regard, it was found that 10 ng/mL of RANKL- and MCSF-containing medium is suitable for inducing osteoclastogenesis of the cells. In addition, melatonin at doses in the range of 100-1000 µM does not have a cytotoxic effect. Subsequently, results of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, TRAP staining, and relative expressions of cathepsin K, nuclear factor of activated T cells one (NFATC1), and TRAP genes showed a suppressive effect of MEL -especially 800 µM- on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Jarrar
- Bioengineering Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara Turkey
| | - Damla Çetİn Altindal
- Bioengineering Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara Turkey
| | - Menemşe GÜmÜŞderelİoĞlu
- Bioengineering Division, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara Turkey
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27
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Reginato A, Siqueira BP, Miyamoto JÉ, Portovedo M, Costa SDO, de Fante T, Rodrigues HG, Ignácio-Souza LM, Torsoni MA, Torsoni AS, Le Stunff H, Belsham DD, Milanski M. Acute effects of fatty acids on autophagy in NPY neurones. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12900. [PMID: 33040385 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) feeding is deleterious to hypothalamic tissue, leading to inflammation and lipotoxicity, as well as contributing to central insulin resistance. Autophagy is a process that restores cellular homeostasis by degrading malfunctioning organelles and proteins. Chronic HFD-feeding down-regulates hypothalamic autophagy. However, the effects of short-term HFD-feeding and the saturated fatty acid palmitate (PA) on hypothalamic autophagy and in neurones that express neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide remains unknown. Therefore, we assessed hypothalamic autophagy after 1 and 3 days of HFD-feeding. We also injected PA i.c.v and analysed the modulation of autophagy in hypothalamic tissue. Both interventions resulted in changes in autophagy-related gene profiles without significant differences in protein content of p62 and LC3B-II, markers of the autophagy pathway. When we assessed native NPY neurones in brain slices from PA-treated animals, we observed increased levels of Atg7 and LC3B protein in response to PA treatment, indicating the induction of autophagy. We then tested the direct effects of fatty acids using the immortalised hypothalamic NPY-expressing neuronal cell model mHypoE-46. We found that PA, but not palmitoleate (PO) (a monounsaturated fatty acid), was able to induce autophagy. Co-treatment with PA and PO was able to block the PA-mediated induction of autophagy, as assessed by flow cytometry. When the de novo ceramide synthesis pathway was blocked with myriocin pre-treatment, we observed a decrease in PA-mediated induction of autophagy, although there was no change with the toll-like receptor 4 inhibitor, TAK-242. Taken together, these findings provide evidence that saturated and unsaturated fatty acids can differentially regulate hypothalamic autophagy and that ceramide synthesis may be an important mediator of those effects. Understanding the mechanisms by which dietary fats affect autophagy in neurones involved in the control of energy homeostasis will provide potential new pathways for targeting and containing the obesity epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Reginato
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Piatezzi Siqueira
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Josiane Érica Miyamoto
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mariana Portovedo
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Suleyma de Oliveira Costa
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thaís de Fante
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Letícia Martins Ignácio-Souza
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Márcio Alberto Torsoni
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Adriana Souza Torsoni
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Neuroscience Institute, Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Denise D Belsham
- Departments of Physiology, Ob/Gyn, and Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marciane Milanski
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
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28
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Zhou Y, Wang C, Si J, Wang B, Zhang D, Ding D, Zhang J, Wang H. Melatonin up-regulates bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic action but suppresses their mediated osteoclastogenesis via MT 2 -inactivated NF-κB pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:2106-2122. [PMID: 31900938 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Melatonin is a neurohormone involved in bone homeostasis. Melatonin directs bone remodelling and the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in the regulating melatonin-mediated bone formation-resorption balance remains undefined. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Osteoporosis models were established and bone tissue and serum were collected to test the effects of melatonin on bone homeostasis. Melatonin receptors were knocked down, the NF-κB signalling pathway and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) expression were investigated. Communication between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and osteoclasts was detected with direct-contact or indirect-contact system. KEY RESULTS Bone loss and microstructure disorder in mice were reversed after melatonin treatment, as a result of anabolic and anti-resorptive effects. In vitro, a physiological (low) concentration of melatonin promoted the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteogenic lineage commitment and extracellular mineralization but had no impact on extracellular matrix synthesis. After MT knockdown, especially MT2 , the positive effects of melatonin on osteogenesis were attenuated. The canonical NF-κB signalling pathway was the first discovered downstream signalling pathway after MT receptor activation and was found to be down-regulated by melatonin during osteogenesis. Melatonin suppressed BMMSC-mediated osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting RANKL production in BMMSCs and this effect only occurred when BMMSCs and osteoclast precursors were co-cultured in an indirect-contact manner. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our work suggests that melatonin plays a crucial role in bone balance, significantly accelerates the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by suppressing the MT2 -dependent NF-κB signalling pathway, and down-regulates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL paracrine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaowei Wang
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyan Si
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baixiang Wang
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Denghui Zhang
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ding Ding
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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29
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Kim JY, Park JH, Jeon EJ, Leem J, Park KK. Melatonin Prevents Transforming Growth Factor-β1-Stimulated Transdifferentiation of Renal Interstitial Fibroblasts to Myofibroblasts by Suppressing Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Mechanisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9010039. [PMID: 31906396 PMCID: PMC7022732 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the pineal hormone melatonin displays protective effects against renal fibrosis, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the effect of the pineal hormone on transdifferentiation of renal fibroblasts to myofibroblasts invoked by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Increased proliferation and activation of renal interstitial fibroblasts after TGF-β1 treatment were attenuated by melatonin pretreatment. Mechanistically, melatonin suppressed Smad2/3 phosphorylation and nuclear co-localization of their phosphorylated forms and Smad4 after TGF-β1 stimulation. In addition, increased phosphorylations of Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and p38 after TGF-β1 treatment were also suppressed by the hormone. These effects of melatonin were not affected by pharmacological and genetic inhibition of its membrane receptors. Furthermore, melatonin significantly reversed an increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde levels, and a decrease of the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio after TGF-β1 treatment. Finally, TGF-β1-induced proliferation and activation were also suppressed by N-acetylcysteine. Altogether, these findings suggest that the pineal hormone melatonin prevents TGF-β1-induced transdifferentiation of renal interstitial fibroblasts to myofibroblasts via inhibition of Smad and non-Smad signaling cadcades by inhibiting ROS-mediated mechanisms in its receptor-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yeon Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea;
| | - Jae-Hyung Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea;
| | - Eon Ju Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea
- Correspondence: (E.J.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea;
- Correspondence: (E.J.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Kwan-Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea;
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30
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Bjørklund G, Rajib SA, Saffoon N, Pen JJ, Chirumbolo S. Insights on Melatonin as an Active Pharmacological Molecule in Cancer Prevention: What's New? Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:6304-6320. [PMID: 29714136 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180501094850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Along with playing an important role in circadian rhythm, melatonin is thought to play a significant role in preventing cells from damage, as well as in the inhibition of growth and in triggering apoptosis in malignant cells. Its relationship with circadian rhythms, energetic homeostasis, diet, and metabolism, is fundamental to achieve a better comprehension of how melatonin has been considered a chemopreventive molecule, though very few papers dealing with this issue. In this article, we tried to review the most recent evidence regarding the protective as well as the antitumoral mechanisms of melatonin, as related to diet and metabolic balance. From different studies, it was evident that an intracellular antioxidant defense mechanism is activated by upregulating an antioxidant gene battery in the presence of high-dose melatonin in malignant cells. Like other broad-spectrum antioxidant molecules, melatonin plays a vital role in killing tumor cells, preventing metastasis, and simultaneously keeping normal cells protected from oxidative stress and other types of tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | | | - Nadia Saffoon
- Department of Pharmacy and Forensic Science, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joeri J Pen
- Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Nutrition, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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31
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Pereira N, Naufel MF, Ribeiro EB, Tufik S, Hachul H. Influence of Dietary Sources of Melatonin on Sleep Quality: A Review. J Food Sci 2019; 85:5-13. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nádia Pereira
- Dept. of PsychobiologyFederal Univ. of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | - Sergio Tufik
- Dept. of PsychobiologyFederal Univ. of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Helena Hachul
- Dept. of PsychobiologyFederal Univ. of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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32
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Staab JS, Smith TJ, Wilson M, Montain SJ, Gaffney-Stomberg E. Bone turnover is altered during 72 h of sleep restriction: a controlled laboratory study. Endocrine 2019; 65:192-199. [PMID: 31028666 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01937-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of the study was to evaluate how controlled, short-term sleep restriction (SR; 72 h) alters markers of bone formation and resorption and urinary calcium (Ca) output. METHODS Ten healthy, sleep-adequate, male soldiers were housed in the research facility one day prior to and for the duration of SR. Diet was controlled to provide adequate energy balance and macronutrient distribution, meeting the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for Ca. Subjects engaged in light activities to maintain wakefulness and were allowed 2 h of sleep per night (0430-0630 hours). Blood samples were collected each morning at 0 h (baseline) and 24, 48, and 72 h of SR. Serum was assayed for parathyroid hormone (PTH), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX). Urine was collected in 24 h increments during SR for measurement of Ca and creatinine (Cr). RESULTS BAP was reduced at 24 h (P= 0.015) and resorption markers TRAP and CTX were increased after 48 and 72 h of SR compared to baseline (P < 0.05). The ratio of BAP:TRAP was significantly lower (P= 0.017) at 48 and 72 h of SR. In contrast, total 24 h urinary Ca and Ca/Cr excretion were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Markers of bone formation and resorption are uncoupled in response to as little as 48 h of SR even when Ca intake is at the RDA. Sleep deprivation may be a risk factor for reduced bone health due to perturbations in bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery S Staab
- Military Performance Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA.
| | - Tracey J Smith
- Military Nutrition Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Marques Wilson
- Military Nutrition Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Scott J Montain
- Military Nutrition Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Erin Gaffney-Stomberg
- Military Performance Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
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33
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Li X, Li Z, Wang J, Li Z, Cui H, Dai G, Chen S, Zhang M, Zheng Z, Zhan Z, Liu H. Wnt4 signaling mediates protective effects of melatonin on new bone formation in an inflammatory environment. FASEB J 2019; 33:10126-10139. [PMID: 31216173 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900093rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence shows that the inhibitory effect of inflammatory cytokines on new bone formation by osteogenic precursor cells is a critical cause of net bone-density reduction. Melatonin has been proven to be a potential therapeutic candidate for osteoporosis. However, whether it is capable of antagonizing the suppressing effect of inflammatory cytokines on osteogenic precursor cells is so far elusive. In this study, using the cell culture system of human bone marrow stromal cells and MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts, we recorded the following vital observations that provided insights of melatonin-induced bone formation: 1) melatonin induced bone formation in both normal and inflammatory conditions; 2) Wnt4 was essential for melatonin-induced bone formation in inflammatory stimulation; 3) melatonin- and Wnt4-induced bone formation occurred via activation of β-catenin and p38-JNK MAPK pathways by interaction with a distinct frizzled LDL receptor-related protein complex; 4) melatonin suppressed the inhibitory effect of NF-κB on osteogenesis in a Wnt4-dependent manner; and 5) melatonin induced Wnt4 expression through the ERK1/2-Pax2-Egr1 pathway. In summary, we showed a novel mechanism of melatonin-induced bone formation in an inflammatory environment. Melatonin-induced Wnt4 expression is essential for its osteoinductive effect and the inhibitory effect of NF-κB on bone formation. Our novel findings may provide useful information for its potential translational application.-Li, X., Li, Z., Wang, J., Li, Z., Cui, H., Dai, G., Chen, S., Zhang, M., Zheng, Z., Zhan, Z., Liu, H. Wnt4 signaling mediates protective effects of melatonin on new bone formation in an inflammatory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianru Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zemin Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haowen Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo Dai
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siwen Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaomin Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongping Zhan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
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Li Y, Cui X, Li Z, Jia Q, Jiang L, Zhang Z, Lu Q, Wang J, Jiang L. High melatonin levels are related to spinal ossification in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Mod Rheumatol 2019; 30:373-378. [PMID: 30922195 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2019.1601854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate associations of serum melatonin with spinal ossification and cytokines in ankylosing spondylitis (AS).Methods: Serum was obtained from 52 AS patients and 25 healthy controls. Melatonin was measured by ELISA kit; bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, dickkopf-related protein (Dkk)-1, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α concentrations were assayed using Luminex multiplex bead system. Osteocalcin and β isomer of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX) were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Spinal damages were assessed using the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS) on radiographs.Results: Serum melatonin was significantly increased in AS patients. Serum melatonin correlated positively with mSASSS after multivariate adjustment for age and disease duration (r = 0.70, p < .01). Patients with spinal bone bridge have higher levels of melatonin than those without spinal bone bridge [16.69 (4.65, 41.10) pg/ml vs. 7.43 (3.29, 15.30) pg/ml, p = .03]. The multiple linear regression analysis found that melatonin was a risk factor for spinal bone formation (β = 0.35, p < .05). Additionally, melatonin correlated positively with osteocalcin (r = 0.34, p = .04) and IL-1β (r = 0.39, p = .04) in AS.Conclusion: Melatonin is increased in AS patients, especially in patients with spinal bone bridge. It suggests that melatonin may play an important role in the pathological osteogenesis of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshan Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Xiaomeng Cui
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zunzhong Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Qian Jia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Zhenchun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jibo Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lindi Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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The effect of exogenous melatonin on reducing scoliotic curvature and improving bone quality in melatonin-deficient C57BL/6J mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6202. [PMID: 30996275 PMCID: PMC6470154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-documented that melatonin deficiency has been linked to the etiopathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. In this study, we intended to apply melatonin in melatonin-deficient mice to ascertain whether melatonin could reduce the incidence/severity of scoliosis, and investigate the role of melatonin on bone mineral density in scoliosis. A total of 80 mice were divided into 4 groups: 20 quadrupedal mice and 20 bipedal mice served as controls; 20 quadrupedal and 20 bipedal mice received oral melatonin (8 mg/kg BW) daily. After 5th, 10th, 15th and 20th weeks of treatment, radiographs and in vivo micro-CT were used to determine the incidence of scoliosis and bone qualities, respectively. Upon sacrifice, the levels of melatonin were measured in each group. At 20th week, the occurrence of scoliosis was 80%, 30%, 22% and 5% in bipedal, quadrupedal, bipedal + melatonin and quadrupedal + melatonin group, respectively. The trabecular bone quality of the vertebral body was significantly ameliorated in the melatonin-treated bipedal models. Likewise, the number of osteoclasts was significantly less in those treated with melatonin. Our results indicated that melatonin deficiency may be crucial for scoliotic development, and restoration of melatonin levels can prevent scoliotic development with the improvement in bone density.
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Kim Y, Park JS, Park HJ, Kim MK, Kim YI, Bae SK, Kim HJ, Jeong CH, Bae MK. Pentraxin 3 Modulates the Inflammatory Response in Human Dental Pulp Cells. J Endod 2019; 44:1826-1831. [PMID: 30477668 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) has been suggested as a novel inflammatory biomarker in inflammation-associated diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the role of PTX3 in the inflammatory response of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODS HDPCs were treated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and total RNA and protein were extracted. PTX3 messenger RNA and protein expression levels were analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. For PTX3 knockdown, HDPCs were transfected with a small interfering RNA against human PTX3. Macrophage chemotaxis after PTX3 silencing in HDPCs was assessed by transwell migration assays. RESULTS TNF-α increased PTX3 messenger RNA and protein levels in HDPCs. TNF-α-induced PTX3 expression was mediated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and nuclear factor kappa B. PTX3 knockdown decreased the expression levels of interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 after stimulation with TNF-α in HDPCs. Moreover, PTX3 silencing in HDPCs significantly decreased the chemotactic migration of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate PTX3 plays a critical role in the regulation of pulp inflammatory processes and reveal its underlying molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Bae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Moon-Kyoung Bae
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.
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Li T, Jiang S, Lu C, Yang W, Yang Z, Hu W, Xin Z, Yang Y. Melatonin: Another avenue for treating osteoporosis? J Pineal Res 2019; 66:e12548. [PMID: 30597617 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a signal molecule that modulates the biological circadian rhythms of vertebrates. Melatonin deficiency is thought to be associated with several disorders, including insomnia, cancer, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Accumulating evidence has also indicated that melatonin may be involved in the homeostasis of bone metabolism. Age-related reductions in melatonin are considered to be critical factors in bone loss and osteoporosis with aging. Thus, serum melatonin levels might serve as a biomarker for the early detection and prevention of osteoporosis. Compared to conventional antiosteoporosis medicines, which primarily inhibit bone loss, melatonin both suppresses bone loss and promotes new bone formation. Mechanistically, by activating melatonin receptor 2 (MT2), melatonin upregulates the gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), BMP6, osteocalcin, and osteoprotegerin to promote osteogenesis while inhibiting the receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) pathway to suppress osteolysis. In view of the distinct actions of melatonin on bone metabolism, we hypothesize that melatonin may be a novel remedy for the prevention and clinical treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenxi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Hu
- School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenlong Xin
- Graduate School, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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The Association between Daytime Napping Characteristics and Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Thai Women without Osteoporosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10016. [PMID: 29968782 PMCID: PMC6030206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Low bone mass is more prevalent with increasing age. Studies have found associations between sleep duration, sleep quality and obstructive sleep apnea and bone mineral density (BMD). However, less is known about the relationship between daytime napping and BMD. We aimed to investigate the association between daytime napping and BMD in elderly Thai women. Demographic data, lifestyle information and sleep characteristics were obtained by interviewing 387 elderly women. Weight and height were measured. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was measured by radioimmunoassay. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Higher BMI and having type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were correlated with higher lumbar spine 2–4 (L2-4) BMD, while younger age, higher BMI and higher serum 25(OH)D level were correlated with higher femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH) BMD. After adjusting for age, age at menopause, BMI, 25(OH)D level and T2DM, a higher frequency of weekly daytime napping was associated with lower FN and TH BMD but not at L2-4 BMD. Additionally, longer daytime napping duration was negatively associated with BMD at TH. In summary higher frequency and longer duration of daytime napping are associated with lower femoral BMD in elderly women. Mechanisms underlying these associations should be further explored.
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Tan DX, Xu B, Zhou X, Reiter RJ. Pineal Calcification, Melatonin Production, Aging, Associated Health Consequences and Rejuvenation of the Pineal Gland. Molecules 2018; 23:E301. [PMID: 29385085 PMCID: PMC6017004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The pineal gland is a unique organ that synthesizes melatonin as the signaling molecule of natural photoperiodic environment and as a potent neuronal protective antioxidant. An intact and functional pineal gland is necessary for preserving optimal human health. Unfortunately, this gland has the highest calcification rate among all organs and tissues of the human body. Pineal calcification jeopardizes melatonin's synthetic capacity and is associated with a variety of neuronal diseases. In the current review, we summarized the potential mechanisms of how this process may occur under pathological conditions or during aging. We hypothesized that pineal calcification is an active process and resembles in some respects of bone formation. The mesenchymal stem cells and melatonin participate in this process. Finally, we suggest that preservation of pineal health can be achieved by retarding its premature calcification or even rejuvenating the calcified gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun Xian Tan
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Xinjia Zhou
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Bonnefond A, Froguel P. Disentangling the Role of Melatonin and its Receptor MTNR1B in Type 2 Diabetes: Still a Long Way to Go? Curr Diab Rep 2017; 17:122. [PMID: 29063374 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-017-0957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex genetic metabolic disorder. T2D heritability has been estimated around 40-70%. In the last decade, exponential progress has been made in identifying T2D genetic determinants, through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Among single-nucleotide polymorphisms mostly associated with T2D risk, rs10830963 is located in the MTNR1B gene, encoding one of the two receptors of melatonin, a neurohormone involved in circadian rhythms. Subsequent studies aiming to disentangle the role of MTNR1B in T2D pathophysiology led to controversies. In this review, we will tackle them and will try to give some directions to get a better view of MTNR1B contribution to T2D pathophysiology. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies either based on genetic/genomic analyses, clinical/epidemiology data, functional analyses at rs10830963 locus, insulin secretion assays in response to melatonin (involving or not MTNR1B) or animal model analyses have led to strong controversies at each level of interpretation. We discuss possible caveats in these studies and present ways to go beyond these issues, towards a better understanding of T2D molecular mechanisms, keeping in mind that melatonin is a versatile hormone and regulates many functions via its primary role in the body clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Bonnefond
- CNRS UMR 8199. European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Pôle Recherche-1er - 1er étage Aile Ouest, 1 place de Verdun, 59045, Lille Cedex, France.
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199. European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Pôle Recherche-1er - 1er étage Aile Ouest, 1 place de Verdun, 59045, Lille Cedex, France
- Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
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