1
|
Xiong GJ, Sheng ZH. Presynaptic perspective: Axonal transport defects in neurodevelopmental disorders. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202401145. [PMID: 38568173 PMCID: PMC10988239 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202401145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Disruption of synapse assembly and maturation leads to a broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders. Presynaptic proteins are largely synthesized in the soma, where they are packaged into precursor vesicles and transported into distal axons to ensure precise assembly and maintenance of presynapses. Due to their morphological features, neurons face challenges in the delivery of presynaptic cargos to nascent boutons. Thus, targeted axonal transport is vital to build functional synapses. A growing number of mutations in genes encoding the transport machinery have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders. Emerging lines of evidence have started to uncover presynaptic mechanisms underlying axonal transport defects, thus broadening the view of neurodevelopmental disorders beyond postsynaptic mechanisms. In this review, we discuss presynaptic perspectives of neurodevelopmental disorders by focusing on impaired axonal transport and disturbed assembly and maintenance of presynapses. We also discuss potential strategies for restoring axonal transport as an early therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Jing Xiong
- Synaptic Function Section, The Porter Neuroscience Research Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zu-Hang Sheng
- Synaptic Function Section, The Porter Neuroscience Research Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nahas LD, Datta A, Alsamman AM, Adly MH, Al-Dewik N, Sekaran K, Sasikumar K, Verma K, Doss GPC, Zayed H. Genomic insights and advanced machine learning: characterizing autism spectrum disorder biomarkers and genetic interactions. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:29-42. [PMID: 38153584 PMCID: PMC10799794 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by altered brain connectivity and function. In this study, we employed advanced bioinformatics and explainable AI to analyze gene expression associated with ASD, using data from five GEO datasets. Among 351 neurotypical controls and 358 individuals with autism, we identified 3,339 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) with an adjusted p-value (≤ 0.05). A subsequent meta-analysis pinpointed 342 DEGs (adjusted p-value ≤ 0.001), including 19 upregulated and 10 down-regulated genes across all datasets. Shared genes, pathogenic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), chromosomal positions, and their impact on biological pathways were examined. We identified potential biomarkers (HOXB3, NR2F2, MAPK8IP3, PIGT, SEMA4D, and SSH1) through text mining, meriting further investigation. Additionally, we shed light on the roles of RPS4Y1 and KDM5D genes in neurogenesis and neurodevelopment. Our analysis detected 1,286 SNPs linked to ASD-related conditions, of which 14 high-risk SNPs were located on chromosomes 10 and X. We highlighted potential missense SNPs associated with FGFR inhibitors, suggesting that it may serve as a promising biomarker for responsiveness to targeted therapies. Our explainable AI model identified the MID2 gene as a potential ASD biomarker. This research unveils vital genes and potential biomarkers, providing a foundation for novel gene discovery in complex diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankur Datta
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Alsamman M Alsamman
- Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Monica H Adly
- Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Nader Al-Dewik
- Department of Research, Women's Wellness and Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karthik Sekaran
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
- Center for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - K Sasikumar
- Department of Sensor and Biomedical Technology, School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kanika Verma
- Department of parasitology and host biology ICMR-NIMR, Dwarka, Delhi, India
| | - George Priya C Doss
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kharrat M, Issa AB, Tlili A, Jallouli O, Alila-Fersi O, Maalej M, Chouchen J, Ghouylia Y, Kamoun F, Triki C, Fakhfakh F. A Novel Mutation in the MAP7D3 Gene in Two Siblings with Severe Intellectual Disability and Autistic Traits: Concurrent Assessment of BDNF Functional Polymorphism, X-Inactivation and Oxidative Stress to Explain Disease Severity. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:853-864. [PMID: 37817054 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02163-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Intellectual disabilities (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by extreme genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. However, understanding this heterogeneity is difficult due to the intricate interplay among multiple interconnected genes, epigenetic factors, oxidative stress, and environmental factors. Employing next-generation sequencing (NGS), we revealed the genetic cause of ID and autistic traits in two patients from a consanguineous family followed by segregation analysis. Furthermore, in silico prediction methods and 3D modeling were conducted to predict the effect of the variants. To establish genotype-phenotype correlation, X-chromosome inactivation using Methylation-specific PCR and oxidative stress markers were also investigated. By analyzing the NGS data of the two patients, we identified a novel frameshift mutation c.2174_2177del (p.Thr725MetfsTer2) in the MAP7D3 gene inherited from their mother along with the functional BDNF Val66Met polymorphism inherited from their father. The 3D modeling demonstrated that the p.Thr725MetfsTer2 variant led to the loss of the C-terminal tail of the MAP7D3 protein. This change could destabilize its structure and impact kinesin-1's binding to microtubules via an allosteric effect. Moreover, the analysis of oxidative stress biomarkers revealed an elevated oxidative stress in the two patients compared to the controls. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing severe ID and autistic traits in familial cases with novel frameshift mutation c.2174_2177del in the MAP7D3 gene co-occurring with the functional polymorphism Val66M in the BDNF gene. Besides, our study underlines the importance of investigating combined genetic variations, X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) patterns, and oxidative stress markers for a better understanding of ID and autism etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Kharrat
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Science of Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Abir Ben Issa
- Child Neurology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory (LR19ES15), Sfax Medical School, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelaziz Tlili
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Olfa Jallouli
- Child Neurology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory (LR19ES15), Sfax Medical School, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Alila-Fersi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Science of Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Maalej
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Science of Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jihen Chouchen
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yosra Ghouylia
- Child Neurology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory (LR19ES15), Sfax Medical School, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Kamoun
- Child Neurology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory (LR19ES15), Sfax Medical School, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Chahnez Triki
- Child Neurology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory (LR19ES15), Sfax Medical School, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Faiza Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Science of Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gąssowska-Dobrowolska M, Czapski GA, Cieślik M, Zajdel K, Frontczak-Baniewicz M, Babiec L, Adamczyk A. Microtubule Cytoskeletal Network Alterations in a Transgenic Model of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: Relevance to Autism Spectrum Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087303. [PMID: 37108467 PMCID: PMC10138344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic multisystem disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the tumour suppressors TSC1/TSC2, both of which are negative regulators of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase. Importantly, mTOR hyperactivity seems to be linked with the pathobiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Recent studies suggest the potential involvement of microtubule (MT) network dysfunction in the neuropathology of "mTORopathies", including ASD. Cytoskeletal reorganization could be responsible for neuroplasticity disturbances in ASD individuals. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the effect of Tsc2 haploinsufficiency on the cytoskeletal pathology and disturbances in the proteostasis of the key cytoskeletal proteins in the brain of a TSC mouse model of ASD. Western-blot analysis indicated significant brain-structure-dependent abnormalities in the microtubule-associated protein Tau (MAP-Tau), and reduced MAP1B and neurofilament light (NF-L) protein level in 2-month-old male B6;129S4-Tsc2tm1Djk/J mice. Alongside, pathological irregularities in the ultrastructure of both MT and neurofilament (NFL) networks as well as swelling of the nerve endings were demonstrated. These changes in the level of key cytoskeletal proteins in the brain of the autistic-like TSC mice suggest the possible molecular mechanisms responsible for neuroplasticity alterations in the ASD brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Gąssowska-Dobrowolska
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz A Czapski
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Cieślik
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Zajdel
- Electron Microscopy Research Unit, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Frontczak-Baniewicz
- Electron Microscopy Research Unit, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Babiec
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Adamczyk
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Iwanski MK, Kapitein LC. Cellular cartography: Towards an atlas of the neuronal microtubule cytoskeleton. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1052245. [PMID: 37035244 PMCID: PMC10073685 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1052245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules, one of the major components of the cytoskeleton, play a crucial role during many aspects of neuronal development and function, such as neuronal polarization and axon outgrowth. Consequently, the microtubule cytoskeleton has been implicated in many neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. The polar nature of microtubules is quintessential for their function, allowing them to serve as tracks for long-distance, directed intracellular transport by kinesin and dynein motors. Most of these motors move exclusively towards either the plus- or minus-end of a microtubule and some have been shown to have a preference for either dynamic or stable microtubules, those bearing a particular post-translational modification or those decorated by a specific microtubule-associated protein. Thus, it becomes important to consider the interplay of these features and their combinatorial effects on transport, as well as how different types of microtubules are organized in the cell. Here, we discuss microtubule subsets in terms of tubulin isotypes, tubulin post-translational modifications, microtubule-associated proteins, microtubule stability or dynamicity, and microtubule orientation. We highlight techniques used to study these features of the microtubule cytoskeleton and, using the information from these studies, try to define the composition, role, and organization of some of these subsets in neurons.
Collapse
|
6
|
Badal KK, Puthanveettil SV. Axonal transport deficits in neuropsychiatric disorders. Mol Cell Neurosci 2022; 123:103786. [PMID: 36252719 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2022.103786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal transport is a major cellular process that mediates bidirectional signaling between the soma and synapse, enabling both intracellular and intercellular communications. Cellular materials, such as proteins, RNAs, and organelles, are transported by molecular motor proteins along cytoskeletal highways in a highly regulated manner. Several studies have demonstrated that axonal transport is central to normal neuronal function, plasticity, and memory storage. Importantly, disruptions in axonal transport result in neuronal dysfunction and are associated with several neurodegenerative disorders. However, we do not know much about axonal transport deficits in neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we briefly discuss our current understanding of the role of axonal transport in schizophrenia, bipolar and autism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerriann K Badal
- Department of Neuroscience, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, University of Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Integrative Biology PhD Program, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alterations in Cerebellar Microtubule Cytoskeletal Network in a ValproicAcid-Induced Rat Model of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123031. [PMID: 36551785 PMCID: PMC9776106 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental diseases characterised by deficits in social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviours. The growing body of evidence points to a role for cerebellar changes in ASD pathology. Some of the findings suggest that not only motor problems but also social deficits, repetitive behaviours, and mental inflexibility associated with ASD are connected with damage to the cerebellum. However, the understanding of this brain structure's functions in ASD pathology needs future investigations. Therefore, in this study, we generated a rodent model of ASD through a single prenatal administration of valproic acid (VPA) into pregnant rats, followed by cerebellar morphological studies of the offspring, focusing on the alterations of key cytoskeletal elements. The expression (Western blot) of α/β-tubulin and the major neuronal MT-associated proteins (MAP) such as MAP-Tau and MAP1B, MAP2, MAP6 (STOP) along with actin-crosslinking αII-spectrin and neurofilament light polypeptide (NF-L) was investigated. We found that maternal exposure to VPA induces a significant decrease in the protein levels of α/β-tubulin, MAP-Tau, MAP1B, MAP2, and αII-spectrin. Moreover, excessive MAP-Tau phosphorylation at (Ser396) along with key Tau-kinases activation was indicated. Immunohistochemical staining showed chromatolysis in the cerebellum of autistic-like rats and loss of Purkinje cells shedding light on one of the possible molecular mechanisms underpinning neuroplasticity alterations in the ASD brain.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hosseini S, van Ham M, Erck C, Korte M, Michaelsen-Preusse K. The role of α-tubulin tyrosination in controlling the structure and function of hippocampal neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:931859. [PMCID: PMC9627282 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.931859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules (MTs) are central components of the neuronal cytoskeleton and play a critical role in CNS integrity, function, and plasticity. Neuronal MTs are diverse due to extensive post-translational modifications (PTMs), particularly detyrosination/tyrosination, in which the C-terminal tyrosine of α-tubulin is cyclically removed by a carboxypeptidase and reattached by a tubulin-tyrosine ligase (TTL). The detyrosination/tyrosination cycle of MTs has been shown to be an important regulator of MT dynamics in neurons. TTL-null mice exhibit impaired neuronal organization and die immediately after birth, indicating TTL function is vital to the CNS. However, the detailed cellular role of TTL during development and in the adult brain remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that conditional deletion of TTL in the neocortex and hippocampus during network development results in a pathophysiological phenotype defined by incomplete development of the corpus callosum and anterior commissures due to axonal growth arrest. TTL loss was also associated with a deficit in spatial learning, impaired synaptic plasticity, and reduced number of spines in hippocampal neurons, suggesting that TTL also plays a critical role in hippocampal network development. TTL deletion after postnatal development, specifically in the hippocampus and in cultured hippocampal neurons, led to a loss of spines and impaired spine structural plasticity. This indicates a novel and important function of TTL for synaptic plasticity in the adult brain. In conclusion, this study reveals the importance of α-tubulin tyrosination, which defines the dynamics of MTs, in controlling proper network formation and suggests TTL-mediated tyrosination as a new key determinant of synaptic plasticity in the adult brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hosseini
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marco van Ham
- Research Group Cellular Proteome Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christian Erck
- Research Group Cellular Proteome Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martin Korte
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kristin Michaelsen-Preusse
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Kristin Michaelsen-Preusse,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang HI, Huang PY, Chan SC, Tung CW, Cheng PH, Chen CM, Yang SH. miR-196a enhances polymerization of neuronal microfilaments through suppressing IMP3 and upregulating IGF2 in Huntington's disease. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 30:286-299. [PMID: 36320323 PMCID: PMC9593307 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is one of the inheritable neurodegenerative diseases, and these diseases share several similar pathological characteristics, such as abnormal neuronal morphology. miR-196a is a potential target to provide neuroprotective functions, and has been reported to enhance polymerization of neuronal microtubules in HD. While microtubules and microfilaments are two important components of the neuronal cytoskeleton, whether miR-196a improves neuronal microfilaments is still unknown. Here, we identify insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3 (IMP3), and show that miR-196a directly suppresses IMP3 to increase neurite outgrowth in neurons. In addition, IMP3 disturbs neurite outgrowth in vitro and in vivo, and worsens the microfilament polymerization. Moreover, insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF2) is identified as the downstream target of IMP3, and miR-196a downregulates IMP3 to upregulate IGF2, which increases microfilamental filopodia numbers and activates Cdc42 to increase neurite outgrowth. Besides, miR-196a increases neurite outgrowth through IGF2 in different HD models. Finally, higher expression of IMP3 and lower expression IGF2 are observed in HD transgenic mice and patients, and increase the formation of aggregates in the HD cell model. Taken together, miR-196a enhances polymerization of neuronal microfilaments through suppressing IMP3 and upregulating IGF2 in HD, supporting the neuroprotective functions of miR-196a through neuronal cytoskeleton in HD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-In Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yu Huang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Siew Chin Chan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Tung
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsun Cheng
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hsun Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan,Corresponding author Shang-Hsun Yang, Ph.D., Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Drongitis D, Caterino M, Verrillo L, Santonicola P, Costanzo M, Poeta L, Attianese B, Barra A, Terrone G, Lioi MB, Paladino S, Di Schiavi E, Costa V, Ruoppolo M, Miano MG. Deregulation of microtubule organization and RNA metabolism in Arx models for lissencephaly and developmental epileptic encephalopathy. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:1884-1908. [PMID: 35094084 PMCID: PMC9169459 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked lissencephaly with abnormal genitalia (XLAG) and developmental epileptic encephalopathy-1 (DEE1) are caused by mutations in the Aristaless-related homeobox (ARX) gene, which encodes a transcription factor responsible for brain development. It has been unknown whether the phenotypically diverse XLAG and DEE1 phenotypes may converge on shared pathways. To address this question, a label-free quantitative proteomic approach was applied to the neonatal brain of Arx knockout (ArxKO/Y) and knock-in polyalanine (Arx(GCG)7/Y) mice that are respectively models for XLAG and DEE1. Gene ontology and protein-protein interaction analysis revealed that cytoskeleton, protein synthesis and splicing control are deregulated in an allelic-dependent manner. Decreased α-tubulin content was observed both in Arx mice and Arx/alr-1(KO) Caenorhabditis elegans ,and a disorganized neurite network in murine primary neurons was consistent with an allelic-dependent secondary tubulinopathy. As distinct features of Arx(GCG)7/Y mice, we detected eIF4A2 overexpression and translational suppression in cortex and primary neurons. Allelic-dependent differences were also established in alternative splicing (AS) regulated by PUF60 and SAM68. Abnormal AS repertoires in Neurexin-1, a gene encoding multiple pre-synaptic organizers implicated in synaptic remodelling, were detected in Arx/alr-1(KO) animals and in Arx(GCG)7/Y epileptogenic brain areas and depolarized cortical neurons. Consistent with a conserved role of ARX in modulating AS, we propose that the allelic-dependent secondary synaptopathy results from an aberrant Neurexin-1 repertoire. Overall, our data reveal alterations mirroring the overlapping and variant effects caused by null and polyalanine expanded mutations in ARX. The identification of these effects can aid in the design of pathway-guided therapy for ARX endophenotypes and NDDs with overlapping comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denise Drongitis
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ``Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'', National Research Council of Italy, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Caterino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Verrillo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ``Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'', National Research Council of Italy, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Pamela Santonicola
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Costanzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Loredana Poeta
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ``Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'', National Research Council of Italy, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Benedetta Attianese
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ``Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'', National Research Council of Italy, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Adriano Barra
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ``Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'', National Research Council of Italy, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Terrone
- Department of Translational Medicine, Child Neurology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Simona Paladino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Elia Di Schiavi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Costa
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ``Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'', National Research Council of Italy, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Margherita Ruoppolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE - Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.a.r.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Giuseppina Miano
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics ``Adriano Buzzati-Traverso'', National Research Council of Italy, 80131, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin J, Zhang K, Cao X, Zhao Y, Ullah Khan N, Liu X, Tang X, Chen M, Zhang H, Shen L. iTRAQ-Based Proteomics Analysis of Rat Cerebral Cortex Exposed to Valproic Acid before Delivery. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:648-663. [PMID: 35138800 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological and developmental disorder characterized by social and communication difficulties. Valproic acid (VPA) injection during pregnancy elicits autism-like behavior in the offspring, making it a classic animal model of ASD. However, the mechanisms involved have not yet been determined. In this study, we used iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification) proteomics analysis of the cerebral cortex of a VPA rat model (VPA group) and controls (CON group). The results showed that 79 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified between the VPA group and the CON group. Based on bioinformatics analysis, the DEPs were mainly enriched at synapses, especially glutamatergic synapses and GABAergic synapses. Some DEPs were involved in energy metabolism, thyroid hormone synthesis pathway, and Na+-K+-ATPase. Cytoskeleton and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins were also involved. Some DEPs matched either the ASD gene database or previous reports on cerebral cortical transcriptome studies in VPA rat models. Dysregulation of these DEPs in the cerebral cortex of VPA rats may be responsible for autism-like behavior in rats. We also found that some DEPs were associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, implying that these diseases share common signaling pathways and mechanisms. Moreover, increased expression of DEPs was associated with energy metabolism in the cerebral cortex of VPA rats, implying that ASD may be a distinct type of mitochondrial dysfunction that requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Kaoyuan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
| | - Xueshan Cao
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
| | - Yuxi Zhao
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
| | - Naseer Ullah Khan
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
| | - Xukun Liu
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
- Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
| | - Margy Chen
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Huajie Zhang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
| | - Liming Shen
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao M, Chang Q, Yang H, Wang M, Liu Y, Lv N, Lei Q, Wei H. Epothilone D modulates autism-like behaviors in the BTBR mouse model of autism spectrum disorder. Neuroscience 2022; 490:171-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
13
|
Muthu SJ, Lakshmanan G, Shimray KW, Kaliyappan K, Sathyanathan SB, Seppan P. Testosterone Influence on Microtubule-Associated Proteins and Spine Density in Hippocampus: Implications on Learning and Memory. Dev Neurosci 2022; 44:498-507. [PMID: 35609517 DOI: 10.1159/000525038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The thorny protrusions or spines increase the neuronal surface area, facilitate synaptic interconnections among neurons, and play an essential role in the hippocampus. Increasing evidence suggests that testosterone, the gonadal hormone, plays an important role in neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. The role of testosterone on microtubule-associated proteins on dendritic neurite stability in the hippocampus and its impact on learning disability is not elucidated. Adult male Wistar albino rats were randomly selected for the control, castrated, castrated + testosterone, and control + testosterone groups. Bilateral orchidectomy was done, and the testosterone propionate was administered during the entire trial period, i.e., 14 days. The learning assessments were done using working/reference memory versions of the 8-arm radial maze and hippocampal tissues processed for histological and protein expressions. There were reduced expressions of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), and androgen receptor (AR) and increased expression of pTau in the castrated group. Conversely, the expression of MAP2, PSD95, and AR was increased, and the pTau expression was reduced in the hippocampus of the castrated rat administrated with testosterone. Androgen-depleted rats showed impaired synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus associated with contracted microtubule dynamics. Along with learning disability, there was an increased number of reference memory errors and working memory errors in castrated rats. Observations suggest that androgen regulates expression of neural tissue-specific MAPs and plays a vital role in hippocampus synaptic plasticity and that a similar mechanism may underlie neurological disorders in aging and hypogonadal men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakthi Jothi Muthu
- Department of Anatomy, Dr. Arcot Lakshmanasamy Mudaliar Postgraduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Ganesh Lakshmanan
- Department of Anatomy, Dr. Arcot Lakshmanasamy Mudaliar Postgraduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Khayinmi Wungpam Shimray
- Department of Anatomy, Dr. Arcot Lakshmanasamy Mudaliar Postgraduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Kathiravan Kaliyappan
- Department of Anatomy, Dr. Arcot Lakshmanasamy Mudaliar Postgraduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | | | - Prakash Seppan
- Department of Anatomy, Dr. Arcot Lakshmanasamy Mudaliar Postgraduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mahmoodi N, Ai J, Hassannejad Z, Ebrahimi-Barough S, Hasanzadeh E, Nekounam H, Vaccaro AR, Rahimi-Movaghar V. Improving motor neuron-like cell differentiation of hEnSCs by the combination of epothilone B loaded PCL microspheres in optimized 3D collagen hydrogel. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21722. [PMID: 34741076 PMCID: PMC8571364 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01071-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord regeneration is limited due to various obstacles and complex pathophysiological events after injury. Combination therapy is one approach that recently garnered attention for spinal cord injury (SCI) recovery. A composite of three-dimensional (3D) collagen hydrogel containing epothilone B (EpoB)-loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) microspheres (2.5 ng/mg, 10 ng/mg, and 40 ng/mg EpoB/PCL) were fabricated and optimized to improve motor neuron (MN) differentiation efficacy of human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs). The microspheres were characterized using liquid chromatography-mass/mass spectrometry (LC-mas/mas) to assess the drug release and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for morphological assessment. hEnSCs were isolated, then characterized by flow cytometry, and seeded on the optimized 3D composite. Based on cell morphology and proliferation, cross-linked collagen hydrogels with and without 2.5 ng/mg EpoB loaded PCL microspheres were selected as the optimized formulations to compare the effect of EpoB release on MN differentiation. After differentiation, the expression of MN markers was estimated by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence (IF). The collagen hydrogel containing the EpoB group had the highest HB9 and ISL-1 expression and the longest neurite elongation. Providing a 3D permissive environment with EpoB, significantly improves MN-like cell differentiation and maturation of hEnSCs and is a promising approach to replace lost neurons after SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narges Mahmoodi
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hassannejad
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Tissue, Cell and Gene Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi-Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Hasanzadeh
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Houra Nekounam
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexander R Vaccaro
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
de Jong J, Cutcutache I, Page M, Elmoufti S, Dilley C, Fröhlich H, Armstrong M. Towards realizing the vision of precision medicine: AI based prediction of clinical drug response. Brain 2021; 144:1738-1750. [PMID: 33734308 PMCID: PMC8320273 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate and individualized prediction of response to therapies is central to precision medicine. However, because of the generally complex and multifaceted nature of clinical drug response, realizing this vision is highly challenging, requiring integrating different data types from the same individual into one prediction model. We used the anti-epileptic drug brivaracetam as a case study and combine a hybrid data/knowledge-driven feature extraction with machine learning to systematically integrate clinical and genetic data from a clinical discovery dataset (n = 235 patients). We constructed a model that successfully predicts clinical drug response [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.76] and show that even with limited sample size, integrating high-dimensional genetics data with clinical data can inform drug response prediction. After further validation on data collected from an independently conducted clinical study (AUC = 0.75), we extensively explore our model to gain insights into the determinants of drug response, and identify various clinical and genetic characteristics predisposing to poor response. Finally, we assess the potential impact of our model on clinical trial design and demonstrate that, by enriching for probable responders, significant reductions in clinical study sizes may be achieved. To our knowledge, our model represents the first retrospectively validated machine learning model linking drug mechanism of action and the genetic, clinical and demographic background in epilepsy patients to clinical drug response. Hence, it provides a blueprint for how machine learning-based multimodal data integration can act as a driver in achieving the goals of precision medicine in fields such as neurology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johann de Jong
- Data and Translational Sciences, UCB Biosciences GmbH, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | | | - Matthew Page
- Data and Translational Sciences, UCB Pharma, Slough SL1 3WE, UK
| | - Sami Elmoufti
- Late Development Statistics, UCB Biosciences Inc., Raleigh, NC 27617, USA
| | | | - Holger Fröhlich
- Data and Translational Sciences, UCB Biosciences GmbH, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Scientific Computing and Algorithms (SCAI), Business Area Bioinformatics, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany
- Bonn-Aachen International Center for IT, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Armstrong
- Data and Translational Sciences, UCB Pharma, 1420 Braine l’Alleud, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liaci C, Camera M, Caslini G, Rando S, Contino S, Romano V, Merlo GR. Neuronal Cytoskeleton in Intellectual Disability: From Systems Biology and Modeling to Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116167. [PMID: 34200511 PMCID: PMC8201358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a pathological condition characterized by limited intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors. It affects 1–3% of the worldwide population, and no pharmacological therapies are currently available. More than 1000 genes have been found mutated in ID patients pointing out that, despite the common phenotype, the genetic bases are highly heterogeneous and apparently unrelated. Bibliomic analysis reveals that ID genes converge onto a few biological modules, including cytoskeleton dynamics, whose regulation depends on Rho GTPases transduction. Genetic variants exert their effects at different levels in a hierarchical arrangement, starting from the molecular level and moving toward higher levels of organization, i.e., cell compartment and functions, circuits, cognition, and behavior. Thus, cytoskeleton alterations that have an impact on cell processes such as neuronal migration, neuritogenesis, and synaptic plasticity rebound on the overall establishment of an effective network and consequently on the cognitive phenotype. Systems biology (SB) approaches are more focused on the overall interconnected network rather than on individual genes, thus encouraging the design of therapies that aim to correct common dysregulated biological processes. This review summarizes current knowledge about cytoskeleton control in neurons and its relevance for the ID pathogenesis, exploiting in silico modeling and translating the implications of those findings into biomedical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Liaci
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.L.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Mattia Camera
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.L.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Giovanni Caslini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.L.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Simona Rando
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.L.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Salvatore Contino
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 8, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Valentino Romano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giorgio R. Merlo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.L.); (M.C.); (G.C.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0116706449; Fax: +39-0116706432
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Alterations in Tau Protein Level and Phosphorylation State in the Brain of the Autistic-Like Rats Induced by Prenatal Exposure to Valproic Acid. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063209. [PMID: 33809910 PMCID: PMC8004207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficient social interaction and communication besides repetitive, stereotyped behaviours. A characteristic feature of ASD is altered dendritic spine density and morphology associated with synaptic plasticity disturbances. Since microtubules (MTs) regulate dendritic spine morphology and play an important role in spine development and plasticity the aim of the present study was to investigate the alterations in the content of neuronal α/β-tubulin and Tau protein level as well as phosphorylation state in the valproic acid (VPA)-induced rat model of autism. Our results indicated that maternal exposure to VPA induces: (1) decrease the level of α/β-tubulin along with Tau accumulation in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex; (2) excessive Tau phosphorylation and activation of Tau-kinases: CDK5, ERK1/2, and p70S6K in the cerebral cortex; (3) up-regulation of mTOR kinase-dependent signalling in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of adolescent rat offspring. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining showed histopathological changes in neurons (chromatolysis) in both analysed brain structures of rats prenatally exposed to VPA. The observed changes in Tau protein together with an excessive decrease in α/β-tubulin level may suggest destabilization and thus dysfunction of the MT cytoskeleton network, which in consequence may lead to the disturbance in synaptic plasticity and the development of autistic-like behaviours.
Collapse
|
18
|
Yusuf IO, Chen HM, Cheng PH, Chang CY, Tsai SJ, Chuang JI, Wu CC, Huang BM, Sun HS, Chen CM, Yang SH. FGF9 induces neurite outgrowth upon ERK signaling in knock-in striatal Huntington's disease cells. Life Sci 2020; 267:118952. [PMID: 33383048 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes deficits in neurite outgrowth, which suggests that enhancement of neurite outgrowth is a potential direction by which to improve HD. Our previous publications showed that fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) provides anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative functions in striatal cell models of HD through the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) pathway, and FGF9 also stimulates cytoskeletons to enhance neurite outgrowth via nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) signaling. In this study, we further demonstrate the importance of the ERK pathway for the neurite outgrowth induced by FGF9 in HD striatal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS FGF9 was treated with ERK (U0126) or NF-kB (BAY11-7082) inhibitors in STHdhQ7/Q7 and STHdhQ111/Q111 striatal knock-in cell lines to examine neurite outgrowth, cytoskeletal markers, and synaptic proteins via immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. NF-kB activity was analyzed by NF-kB promoter reporter assay. KEY FINDINGS Here, we show that suppression of ERK signaling significantly inhibits FGF9-induced neurite outgrowth, cytoskeletal markers, and synaptic proteins in HD striatal cells. In addition, we also show suppression of ERK signaling significantly decreases FGF9-induced NF-kB activation, whereas suppression of NF-kB does not decrease FGF9-induced ERK signaling. These results suggest that FGF9 activates ERK signaling first, stimulates NF-kB upregulation, and then enhances neurite outgrowth in HD striatal cells. SIGNIFICANCE We elucidate the more detailed mechanisms of neurite outgrowth enhanced by FGF9 in these HD striatal cells. This study may provide insights into targeting neurite outgrowth for HD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Issa Olakunle Yusuf
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taiwan; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Chen
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yi Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Jenq Tsai
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taiwan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Ing Chuang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taiwan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Taiwan; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Taiwan
| | - Bu-Miin Huang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Taiwan; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Taiwan
| | - H Sunny Sun
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hsun Yang
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taiwan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Brain Structural and Functional Alterations in Mice Prenatally Exposed to LPS Are Only Partially Rescued by Anti-Inflammatory Treatment. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10090620. [PMID: 32906830 PMCID: PMC7564777 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10090620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant immune activity during neurodevelopment could participate in the generation of neurological dysfunctions characteristic of several neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Numerous epidemiological studies have shown a link between maternal infections and NDDs risk; animal models of maternal immune activation (MIA) have confirmed this association. Activation of maternal immune system during pregnancy induces behavioral and functional alterations in offspring but the biological mechanisms at the basis of these effects are still poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of prenatal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure in peripheral and central inflammation, cortical cytoarchitecture and behavior of offspring (LPS-mice). LPS-mice reported a significant increase in interleukin-1β (IL-1β) serum level, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)- and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1)-positive cells in the cortex. Furthermore, cytoarchitecture analysis in specific brain areas, showed aberrant alterations in minicolumns’ organization in LPS-mice adult brain. In addition, we demonstrated that LPS-mice presented behavioral alterations throughout life. In order to better understand biological mechanisms whereby LPS induced these alterations, dams were treated with meloxicam. We demonstrated for the first time that exposure to LPS throughout pregnancy induces structural permanent alterations in offspring brain. LPS-mice also present severe behavioral impairments. Preventive treatment with meloxicam reduced inflammation in offspring but did not rescue them from structural and behavioral alterations.
Collapse
|
20
|
Rodrigues-Amorim D, Rivera-Baltanás T, Del Carmen Vallejo-Curto M, Rodriguez-Jamardo C, de Las Heras E, Barreiro-Villar C, Blanco-Formoso M, Fernández-Palleiro P, Álvarez-Ariza M, López M, García-Caballero A, Olivares JM, Spuch C. Plasma β-III tubulin, neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein are associated with neurodegeneration and progression in schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14271. [PMID: 32868793 PMCID: PMC7459108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a progressive disorder characterized by multiple psychotic relapses. After every relapse, patients may not fully recover, and this may lead to a progressive loss of functionality. Pharmacological treatment represents a key factor to minimize the biological, psychological and psychosocial impact of the disorder. The number of relapses and the duration of psychotic episodes induce a potential neuronal damage and subsequently, neurodegenerative processes. Thus, a comparative study was performed, including forty healthy controls and forty-two SZ patients divided into first-episode psychosis (FEP) and chronic SZ (CSZ) subgroups, where the CSZ sub group was subdivided by antipsychotic treatment. In order to measure the potential neuronal damage, plasma levels of β-III tubulin, neurofilament light chain (Nf-L), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were performed. The results revealed that the levels of these proteins were increased in the SZ group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, multiple comparison analysis showed highly significant levels of β-III tubulin (P = 0.0002), Nf-L (P = 0.0403) and GFAP (P < 0.015) in the subgroup of CSZ clozapine-treated. In conclusion, β-III tubulin, Nf-L and GFAP proteins may be potential biomarkers of neurodegeneration and progression in SZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rodrigues-Amorim
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Tania Rivera-Baltanás
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Vallejo-Curto
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Cynthia Rodriguez-Jamardo
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Elena de Las Heras
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Carolina Barreiro-Villar
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Blanco-Formoso
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Palleiro
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Álvarez-Ariza
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta López
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Olivares
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain.
- Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute - IISGS, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Carlos Spuch
- Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, University of Vigo, CIBERSAM, Vigo, Spain.
- Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Bloque Técnico, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute - IISGS, Planta 2, Sala de Investigación, Estrada Clara Campoamor, 341, 36212, Vigo, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP)-end-binding protein (EB) interactions regulate microtubule dynamics toward protection against tauopathy. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 177:65-90. [PMID: 33453943 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The 1102-amino-acid activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) was originally discovered by expression cloning through the immunological identification of its 8-amino-acid sequence NAPVSIPQ (NAP), constituting the smallest active neuroprotective fragment of the protein. ADNP expression is essential for brain formation and cognitive function and is dysregulated in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia). ADNP has been found to be mutated in autism, with an estimated prevalence of 0.17% (together, these autism cases now constitute ADNP syndrome cases) and our recent results showed somatic mutations in ADNP in Alzheimer's disease brains correlating with tauopathy. Furthermore, Adnp haploinsufficiency in mice causes an age-dependent reduction in cognitive functions coupled with tauopathy-like features such as an increased formation of tangle-like structures, defective axonal transport, and Tau hyperphosphorylation. ADNP and its derived peptides, NAP and SKIP, directly interact with end-binding proteins (EBs), which decorate plus-tips of the growing axonal cytoskeleton-microtubules (MTs). Functionally, NAP and SKIP are neuroprotective and stimulate axonal transport. Clinical trials have suggested the potential efficacy of NAP (davunetide, CP201) for improving cognitive performance/functional activities of daily living in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and schizophrenia patients, respectively. However, NAP was not found to be an effective treatment (though well-tolerated) for progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients. Here we review the molecular mechanism of NAP activity on MTs and how NAP modulates the MT-Tau-EBs crosstalk. We offer a molecular explanation for the different protective potency of NAP in selected tauopathies (aMCI vs. PSP) expressing different ratios/pathologies of the alternatively spliced Tau mRNA and its resulting protein (aMCI expressing similar quantities of the dynamic Tau 3-MT binding isoform (Tau3R) and the Tau 4-MT binding isoform (Tau4R) and PSP enriched in Tau4R pathology). We reveal the direct effect of truncated ADNPs (resulting from de novo autism and newly discovered Alzheimer's disease-related somatic mutations) on MT dynamics. We show that the peptide SKIP affects MT dynamics and MT-Tau association. Since MT impairment is linked with neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental conditions, the current study implicates a paucity/dysregulation of MT-interacting endogenous proteins, like ADNP, as a contributing mechanism and provides hope for NAP and SKIP as MT-modulating drug candidates.
Collapse
|
22
|
Ashitha SNM, Ramachandra NB. Integrated Functional Analysis Implicates Syndromic and Rare Copy Number Variation Genes as Prominent Molecular Players in Pathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Neuroscience 2020; 438:25-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
23
|
Gavrilovici C, Jiang Y, Kiroski I, Teskey GC, Rho JM, Nguyen MD. Postnatal Role of the Cytoskeleton in Adult Epileptogenesis. Cereb Cortex Commun 2020; 1:tgaa024. [PMID: 32864616 PMCID: PMC7446231 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in cytoskeletal proteins can cause early infantile and childhood epilepsies by misplacing newly born neurons and altering neuronal connectivity. In the adult epileptic brain, cytoskeletal disruption is often viewed as being secondary to aberrant neuronal activity and/or death, and hence simply represents an epiphenomenon. Here, we review the emerging evidence collected in animal models and human studies implicating the cytoskeleton as a potential causative factor in adult epileptogenesis. Based on the emerging evidence, we propose that cytoskeletal disruption may be an important pathogenic mechanism in the mature epileptic brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cezar Gavrilovici
- Departments of Neurosciences & Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Yulan Jiang
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Cell Biology & Anatomy, and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ivana Kiroski
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Cell Biology & Anatomy, and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - G Campbell Teskey
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jong M Rho
- Departments of Neurosciences & Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Minh Dang Nguyen
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Cell Biology & Anatomy, and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mahmoodi N, Ai J, Ebrahimi‐Barough S, Hassannejad Z, Hasanzadeh E, Basiri A, Vaccaro AR, Rahimi‐Movaghar V. Microtubule stabilizer epothilone B as a motor neuron differentiation agent for human endometrial stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:1168-1183. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Narges Mahmoodi
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Sina HospitalTehran University of Medical Sciences Hasan‐Abad Square, Imam Khomeini Ave. Tehran 11365‐3876 Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Number 88, Italy Street, Between Ghods Street and Vesal Shirazi Street Tehran 14177‐55469 Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi‐Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Number 88, Italy Street, Between Ghods Street and Vesal Shirazi Street Tehran 14177‐55469 Iran
| | - Zahra Hassannejad
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Children's Medical Center, Pediatric Center of ExcellenceTehran University of Medical Sciences No. 62, Dr. Gharibs Street, Keshavarz Boulevard Tehran 1419733151 Iran
| | - Elham Hasanzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineMazandaran University of Medical Sciences Next to Tooba Medical Building, Khazar Boulevard Sari 48471‐91971 Iran
| | - Arefeh Basiri
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Number 88, Italy Street, Between Ghods Street and Vesal Shirazi Street Tehran 14177‐55469 Iran
| | - Alexander R. Vaccaro
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rothman InstituteThomas Jefferson University 1925 Chestnut Street, 5th Floor Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19107 USA
| | - Vafa Rahimi‐Movaghar
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Sina HospitalTehran University of Medical Sciences Hasan‐Abad Square, Imam Khomeini Ave. Tehran 11365‐3876 Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
A Synthetic Snake-Venom-Based Tripeptide Protects PC12 Cells from the Neurotoxicity of Acrolein by Improving Axonal Plasticity and Bioenergetics. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:227-237. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
26
|
Araújo SJ. Centrosomes in Branching Morphogenesis. Results Probl Cell Differ 2019; 67:323-336. [PMID: 31435801 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23173-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The centrosome, a major microtubule organizer, has important functions in regulating the cytoskeleton as well as the position of cellular structures and orientation of cells within tissues. The centrosome serves as the main cytoskeleton-organizing centre in the cell and is the classical site of microtubule nucleation and anchoring. For these reasons, centrosomes play a very important role in morphogenesis, not just in the early stages of cell divisions but also in the later stages of organogenesis. Many organs such as lung, kidney and blood vessels develop from epithelial tubes that branch into complex networks. Cells in the nervous system also form highly branched structures in order to build complex neuronal networks. During branching morphogenesis, cells have to rearrange within tissues though multicellular branching or through subcellular branching, also known as single-cell branching. For highly branched structures to be formed during embryonic development, the cytoskeleton needs to be extensively remodelled. The centrosome has been shown to play an important role during these events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia J Araújo
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Barbiero I, De Rosa R, Kilstrup-Nielsen C. Microtubules: A Key to Understand and Correct Neuronal Defects in CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4075. [PMID: 31438497 PMCID: PMC6747382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a severe neurodevelopmental encephalopathy caused by mutations in the X-linked CDKL5 gene that encodes a serine/threonine kinase. CDD is characterised by the early onset of seizures and impaired cognitive and motor skills. Loss of CDKL5 in vitro and in vivo affects neuronal morphology at early and late stages of maturation, suggesting a link between CDKL5 and the neuronal cytoskeleton. Recently, various microtubule (MT)-binding proteins have been identified as interactors of CDKL5, indicating that its roles converge on regulating MT functioning. MTs are dynamic structures that are important for neuronal morphology, migration and polarity. The delicate control of MT dynamics is fundamental for proper neuronal functions, as evidenced by the fact that aberrant MT dynamics are involved in various neurological disorders. In this review, we highlight the link between CDKL5 and MTs, discussing how CDKL5 deficiency may lead to deranged neuronal functions through aberrant MT dynamics. Finally, we discuss whether the regulation of MT dynamics through microtubule-targeting agents may represent a novel strategy for future pharmacological approaches in the CDD field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Barbiero
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, (DBSV), University of Insubria, Via Manara 7, 21052 Busto Arsizio (VA), Italy
| | - Roberta De Rosa
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, (DBSV), University of Insubria, Via Manara 7, 21052 Busto Arsizio (VA), Italy
| | - Charlotte Kilstrup-Nielsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, (DBSV), University of Insubria, Via Manara 7, 21052 Busto Arsizio (VA), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Patowary A, Won SY, Oh SJ, Nesbitt RR, Archer M, Nickerson D, Raskind WH, Bernier R, Lee JE, Brkanac Z. Family-based exome sequencing and case-control analysis implicate CEP41 as an ASD gene. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:4. [PMID: 30664616 PMCID: PMC6341097 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0343-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a strong genetic component. Although next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have been successfully applied to gene identification in de novo ASD, the genetic architecture of familial ASD remains largely unexplored. Our approach, which leverages the high specificity and sensitivity of NGS technology, has focused on rare variants in familial autism. We used NGS exome sequencing in 26 families with distantly related affected individuals to identify genes with private gene disrupting and missense variants of interest (VOI). We found that the genes carrying VOIs were enriched for biological processes related to cell projection organization and neuron development, which is consistent with the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of ASD. For a subset of genes carrying VOIs, we then used targeted NGS sequencing and gene-based variant burden case-control analysis to test for association with ASD. Missense variants in one gene, CEP41, associated significantly with ASD (p = 6.185e-05). Homozygous gene-disrupting variants in CEP41 were initially found to be responsible for recessive Joubert syndrome. Using a zebrafish model, we evaluated the mechanism by which the CEP41 variants might contribute to ASD. We found that CEP41 missense variants affect development of the axonal tract, cranial neural crest migration and social behavior phenotype. Our work demonstrates the involvement of CEP41 heterozygous missense variants in ASD and that biological processes involved in cell projection organization and neuron development are enriched in ASD families we have studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Patowary
- 0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - So Yeon Won
- 0000 0001 2181 989Xgrid.264381.aDepartment of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin Ji Oh
- 0000 0001 2181 989Xgrid.264381.aDepartment of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ryan R Nesbitt
- 0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Marilyn Archer
- 0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Debbie Nickerson
- 0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Wendy H. Raskind
- 0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA ,0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Raphael Bernier
- 0000000122986657grid.34477.33Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea. .,Division of Medical Science Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Zoran Brkanac
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chang Q, Yang H, Wang M, Wei H, Hu F. Role of Microtubule-Associated Protein in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Neurosci Bull 2018; 34:1119-1126. [PMID: 29936584 PMCID: PMC6246838 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-018-0246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication, along with repetitive and restrictive patterns of behaviors or interests. Normal brain development is crucial to behavior and cognition in adulthood. Abnormal brain development, such as synaptic and myelin dysfunction, is involved in the pathogenesis of ASD. Microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are important in regulating the processes of brain development, including neuron production and synaptic formation, as well as myelination. Increasing evidence suggests that the level of MAPs are changed in autistic patients and mouse models of ASD. Here, we discuss the roles of MAPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Chang
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Hongen Wei
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030012, China.
| | - Fengyun Hu
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030012, China.
| |
Collapse
|