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Lakshmi S, Priya S. Molecular insights into epoxyazadiradione induced death in triple-negative breast cancer cells: A system biology approach. Gene 2024:148814. [PMID: 39116958 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Epoxyazadiradione is an important limonoid with immense pharmacological potential. We have reported previously that epoxyazadiradione (EAD) induces apoptosis in triple negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB 231) by modulating diverse cellular targets. Here, we identify the key genes/pathways responsible for this effect through next-generation sequencing of the transcriptome from EAD treated cells and integrated molecular data analysis using bioinformatics. In silico analysis indicated that EAD displayed favourable drug-like properties and could target multiple macromolecules relevant to TNBC. RNA sequencing revealed that EAD treatment results in the differential expression of 1838 genes in MDA-MB 231 cells, with 752 downregulated and 1086 upregulated. Gene set enrichment analysis of these genes suggested that EAD disrupts protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum, triggering the unfolded protein response (UPR) and potentially leading to cell death. EAD also induced oxidative stress and DNA damage, downregulated pathways linked to metabolism, cell cycle progression, pro-survival signalling, cell adhesion, motility and inflammatory response. The identification of protein cluster and hub genes were also done. The validation of the identified hub genes gave an inverse correlation between their expression in EAD treated cells and TNBC patient samples. Thus, the identified hub genes could be explored as therapeutic or diagnostic markers for TNBC. Hence, EAD appears to be a promising therapeutic candidate for TNBC by targeting various hallmarks of cancer, including cell death resistance, uncontrolled proliferation and metastasis. To conclude, the identified pathways and validated targets for EAD will provide a roadmap for further in vivo studies and preclinical/clinical validation required for potential drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreerenjini Lakshmi
- Biochemistry Section, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, New Delhi, India
| | - Sulochana Priya
- Biochemistry Section, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, New Delhi, India.
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2
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Alsharairi NA. The Role of Licorice Chalcones as Molecular Genes and Signaling Pathways Modulator-A Review of Experimental Implications for Nicotine-Induced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5894-5908. [PMID: 38921023 PMCID: PMC11202283 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) represents the leading cause of global cancer deaths, with cigarette smoking being considered a major risk factor. Nicotine is a major hazardous compound in cigarette smoke (CS), which stimulates LC progression and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specifically through activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR)-mediated cell-signaling pathways and molecular genes involved in proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Chalcones (CHs) and their derivatives are intermediate plant metabolites involved in flavonol biosynthesis. Isoliquiritigenin (ILTG), licochalcone A-E (LicoA-E), and echinatin (ECH) are the most common natural CHs isolated from the root of Glycyrrhiza (also known as licorice). In vitro and/or vivo experiments have shown that licorice CHs treatment exhibits a range of pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Despite advances in NSCLC treatment, the mechanisms of licorice CHs in nicotine-induced NSCLC treatment remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review experimental studies through the PubMed/Medline database that reveal the effects of licorice CHs and their potential mechanisms in nicotine-induced NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser A Alsharairi
- Heart, Mind and Body Research Group, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
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3
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Wu MH, Hsieh YH, Lin CL, Ying TH, Hsia SM, Hsieh SC, Lee CH, Lin CL. Licochalcone A induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells via upregulation of GRP78 expression. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2961-2969. [PMID: 38308464 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LicA), a natural compound extracted from licorice root, has been shown to exert a variety of anticancer activities. Whether LicA has such effects on endometrial cancer (EMC) is unclear. This study aims to investigate the antitumor effects of LicA on EMC. Our results show that LicA significantly reduced the viability and induced apoptosis of EMC cells and EMC-7 cells from EMC patients. LicA was also found to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to increased expression of ER-related proteins (GRP78/PERK/IRE1α/CHOP) in EMC cell lines. Suppression of GRP78 expression in human EMC cells treated with LicA significantly attenuated the effects of LicA, resulting in reduced ER-stress mediated cell apoptosis and decreased expression of ER- and apoptosis-related proteins. Our findings demonstrate that LicA induces apoptosis in EMC cells through the GRP78-mediated ER-stress pathway, emphasizing the potential of LicA as an anticancer therapy for EMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hua Wu
- Laboratory Department, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng-Ching General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ho Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ching Hsieh
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Liang Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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4
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Albahri G, Badran A, Abdel Baki Z, Alame M, Hijazi A, Daou A, Baydoun E. Potential Anti-Tumorigenic Properties of Diverse Medicinal Plants against the Majority of Common Types of Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:574. [PMID: 38794144 PMCID: PMC11124340 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, cancer is one of the primary causes of both morbidity and mortality. To prevent cancer from getting worse, more targeted and efficient treatment plans must be developed immediately. Recent research has demonstrated the benefits of natural products for several illnesses, and these products have played a significant role in the development of novel treatments whose bioactive components serve as both chemotherapeutic and chemo-preventive agents. Phytochemicals are naturally occurring molecules obtained from plants that have potential applications in both cancer therapy and the development of new medications. These phytochemicals function by regulating the molecular pathways connected to the onset and progression of cancer. Among the specific methods are immune system control, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, preventing proliferation, raising antioxidant status, and inactivating carcinogens. A thorough literature review was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Google Patent, Patent Scope, and US Patent to obtain the data. To provide an overview of the anticancer effects of several medicinal plants, including Annona muricata, Arctium lappa, Arum palaestinum, Cannabis sativa, Catharanthus roseus, Curcuma longa, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Hibiscus, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Moringa oleifera, Nerium oleander, Silybum marianum, Taraxacum officinale, Urtica dioica, Withania somnifera L., their availability, classification, active components, pharmacological activities, signaling mechanisms, and potential side effects against the most common cancer types were explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghosoon Albahri
- Plateforme de Recherche et d’Analyse en Sciences de l’Environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut P.O. Box 657314, Lebanon; (G.A.); (M.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Adnan Badran
- Department of Nutrition, University of Petra Amman Jordan, Amman P.O. Box 961343, Jordan;
| | - Zaher Abdel Baki
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait;
| | - Mohamad Alame
- Plateforme de Recherche et d’Analyse en Sciences de l’Environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut P.O. Box 657314, Lebanon; (G.A.); (M.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Akram Hijazi
- Plateforme de Recherche et d’Analyse en Sciences de l’Environnement (EDST-PRASE), Beirut P.O. Box 657314, Lebanon; (G.A.); (M.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Anis Daou
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Elias Baydoun
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
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Wang J, Zhang X, Ni Z, Elam E, Thakur K, Li K, Wang C, Zhang J, Wei Z. The anti-cancerous mechanism of licochalcone A on human hepatoma cell HepG2 based on the miRNA omics. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Michalkova R, Mirossay L, Kello M, Mojzisova G, Baloghova J, Podracka A, Mojzis J. Anticancer Potential of Natural Chalcones: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10354. [PMID: 37373500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no doubt that significant progress has been made in tumor therapy in the past decades. However, the discovery of new molecules with potential antitumor properties still remains one of the most significant challenges in the field of anticancer therapy. Nature, especially plants, is a rich source of phytochemicals with pleiotropic biological activities. Among a plethora of phytochemicals, chalcones, the bioprecursors of flavonoid and isoflavonoids synthesis in higher plants, have attracted attention due to the broad spectrum of biological activities with potential clinical applications. Regarding the antiproliferative and anticancer effects of chalcones, multiple mechanisms of action including cell cycle arrest, induction of different forms of cell death and modulation of various signaling pathways have been documented. This review summarizes current knowledge related to mechanisms of antiproliferative and anticancer effects of natural chalcones in different types of malignancies including breast cancers, cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, lung cancers, renal and bladder cancers, and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Michalkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Gabriela Mojzisova
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Janette Baloghova
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Anna Podracka
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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7
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Seo J, Lee DE, Kim SM, Kim E, Kim JK. Licochalcone A Exerts Anti-Cancer Activity by Inhibiting STAT3 in SKOV3 Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051264. [PMID: 37238935 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LicA), a major active component of licorice, has been reported to exhibit various pharmacological actions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anticancer activity of LicA and detail its molecular mechanisms against ovarian cancer. SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells were used in this study. Cell viability was measured using a cell counting kit-8 assay. The percentages of apoptotic cells and cell cycle arrest were determined by flow cytometry and Muse flow cytometry. The expression levels of proteins regulating cell apoptosis, cell cycle, and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways were examined using Western blotting analysis. The results indicated that LicA treatment inhibited the cell viability of SKOV3 cells and induced G2/M phase arrest. Furthermore, LicA induced an increase in ROS levels, a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis accompanied by an increase in cleaved caspases and cytoplasmic cytochrome c. Additionally, LicA caused a dramatic decrease in STAT3 protein levels, but not mRNA levels, in SKOV3 cells. Treatment with LicA also reduced phosphorylation of the mammalian target of rapamycin and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein in SKOV3 cells. The anti-cancer effects of LicA on SKOV3 cells might be mediated by reduced STAT3 translation and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghyeon Seo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan-si 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Eun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan-si 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Mi Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan-si 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan-si 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan-si 38430, Republic of Korea
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8
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Tseng TY, Lee CH, Lee HL, Su CY, Kao CY, Tsai JP, Hsieh YH. Licochalcone A Suppresses Renal Cancer Cell Proliferation and Metastasis by Engagement of Sp1-Mediated LC3 Expression. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020684. [PMID: 36840005 PMCID: PMC9966374 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LicA) is a strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic substance that is useful against a variety of human malignancies. However, its precise mechanism in mediating the development of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is not entirely understood. In this work, LicA was discovered to limit cell growth and survival, induce cell cycle arrest, promote autophagy and LC3B expression, and inhibit the migration and invasion of RCC cells. In addition, the proliferation, migration, and invasion inhibited by LicA were restored by the transfection of siRNA-LC3. The effects of LC3B on the metastatic phenotype of ACHN cells was enhanced with the overexpression of Sp1 or suppressed by inhibiting the phosphorylation of FAK and Src. Finally, LicA showed antitumor properties against RCC in an in vivo xenograft model. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the chemotherapeutic potential of LicA on proliferation, migration, invasion, and autophagy through the activation of LC3B expression, ultimately modulating FAK/Src signaling pathway-mediated Sp1 expression. These findings illustrate the novel role and molecular mechanisms of LicA against RCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Yi Tseng
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Lin Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Su
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Kao
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Pi Tsai
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi 62247, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-P.T.); (Y.-H.H.)
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-P.T.); (Y.-H.H.)
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9
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Deng N, Qiao M, Li Y, Liang F, Li J, Liu Y. Anticancer effects of licochalcones: A review of the mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1074506. [PMID: 36755942 PMCID: PMC9900005 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1074506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease with a high fatality rate representing a serious threat to human health. Researchers have tried to identify effective anticancer drugs. Licorice is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine with various pharmacological properties, and licorice-derived flavonoids include licochalcones like licochalcone A, licochalcone B, licochalcone C, licochalcone D, licochalcone E, and licochalcone H. By regulating the expression in multiple signaling pathways such as the EGFR/ERK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, p38/JNK, JAK2/STAT3, MEK/ERK, Wnt/β-catenin, and MKK4/JNK pathways, and their downstream proteins, licochalcones can activate the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and death receptor pathway, promote autophagy-related protein expression, inhibit the expression of cell cycle proteins and angiogenesis factors, regulate autophagy and apoptosis, and inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. Among the licochalcones, the largest number of studies examined licochalcone A, far more than other licochalcones. Licochalcone A not only has prominent anticancer effects but also can be used to inhibit the efflux of antineoplastic drugs from cancer cells. Moreover, derivatives of licochalcone A exhibit strong antitumor effects. Currently, most results of the anticancer effects of licochalcones are derived from cell experiments. Thus, more clinical studies are needed to confirm the antineoplastic effects of licochalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Deng
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Qiao
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyan Liang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yanfeng Liu,
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[Licochalcone A induces cell cycle arrest in human lung squamous carcinoma cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:111-116. [PMID: 36856218 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.01.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of licochalcone A (LCA) on the proliferation and cell cycle of human lung squamous carcinoma cells and explore its possible molecular mechanism. METHODS MTT assay was used to detect the changes in proliferation of H226 cells after treatment with different concentrations of LCA for 48 h, and the IC50 of LCA was calculated. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle changes in H226 cells treated with 10, 20, and 40 μmol/L LCA, and the expressions of cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase CDK2 and CDK4, and p-PI3K, PI3K, p-Akt, and Akt in the treated cells were detected using Western blotting. The effect of intraperitoneal injection of LCA for 24 days on tumor volume and weight was assessed in a BALB/c-nu mouse model bearing lung squamous carcinoma xenografts. RESULTS MTT assay showed that LCA significantly decreased the viability of H226 cells with an IC50 of 28.3 μmol/L at 48 h. Flow cytometry suggested that LCA treatment induced obvious cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. LCA treatment also significantly decreased the expressions of cyclin D1, CDK2, and CDK4, and inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt in H226 cells. In the tumor-bearing mice, LCA treatment for 24 days significantly reduced the tumor volume and weight. CONCLUSION LCA is capable of inhibiting the proliferation and inducing cell cycle arrest in lung squamous carcinoma cells possibility by regulating the PI3K/Akt singling pathway.
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Wei Z, Chen J, Zuo F, Guo J, Sun X, Liu D, Liu C. Traditional Chinese Medicine has great potential as candidate drugs for lung cancer: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115748. [PMID: 36162545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE With high mortality and morbidity rates, lung cancer (LC) has become one of the major threats to human health. The treatment strategies for LC currently face issues, such as drug resistance and body tolerance. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is characterized by novel pharmacological mechanisms, low toxicity, and limited side effects. TCM includes a substantial number of biologically active ingredients, several of which are effective monomeric agents against LC. An increasing number of researchers are focusing their efforts on the discovery of active anti-cancer ingredients in TCM. AIM OF THE REVIEW In this review, we summarized the anti-LC mechanisms of five types of TCM monomeric compounds. Our goal is to provide research ideas for the identification of new prospective medication candidates for the treatment of LC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected reports on the anti-LC effects of TCM monomers from web databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Europe PubMed Central. Among the keywords used were "lung cancer," "traditional Chinese medicine," "pharmacology," and their combinations thereof. Then, we systematically summarized the anti-LC efficacy and related mechanisms of TCM monomers. RESULTS Based on the available literature, this paper reviewed the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of five types of TCM monomers on LC. The characteristics of TCM monomers include the capabilities to suppress the tumor cell cycle, inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, promote autophagy, inhibit tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and enhance efficacy or reduce drug resistance when combined with cytotoxic agents and other methods to arrest the progression of LC and prolong the survival of patients. CONCLUSIONS TCM contains numerous flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols, and other active compounds that are effective against LC. Given their chemical structure and pharmacological properties, these monomers are suitable as candidate drugs for the treatment of LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, PR China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, PR China
| | - Fang Zuo
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Julie Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, PR China
| | - Deming Liu
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Dermatology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Integrative Dermatology Research, Key Laboratory of External Therapies of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Eczema, Department of Dermatology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400011, PR China.
| | - Conghai Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, PR China.
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Dzul Keflee R, Hoong Leong K, Ogawa S, Bignon J, Chiang Chan M, Weng Kong K. Overview of the multifaceted resistances toward EGFR-TKIs and new chemotherapeutic strategies in non-small cell lung cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 205:115262. [PMID: 36191627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been vastly studied over the last decade. This has led to the rapid development of many generations of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). However, patients treated with third-generation TKIs (osimertinib, avitinib and rociletinib) targeting the EGFR T790M mutation have shown emerging resistances and relapses. Therefore, further molecular understanding of NSCLC mutations, bypass signalling, tumour microenvironment and the existence of cancer stem cells to overcome such resistances is warranted. This will pave the way for designing novel and effective chemotherapies to improve patients' overall survival. In this review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted mechanism of resistances towards EGFR-TKIs, as well as the challenges and perspectives that should be addressed in strategising chemotherapeutic treatments to overcome the ever evolving and adaptive nature of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashidi Dzul Keflee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok Hoong Leong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Satoshi Ogawa
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jerome Bignon
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mun Chiang Chan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kin Weng Kong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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13
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Li MT, Xie L, Jiang HM, Huang Q, Tong RS, Li X, Xie X, Liu HM. Role of Licochalcone A in Potential Pharmacological Therapy: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:878776. [PMID: 35677438 PMCID: PMC9168596 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.878776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LA), a useful and valuable flavonoid, is isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC. and widely used clinically in traditional Chinese medicine. We systematically updated the latest information on the pharmacology of LA over the past decade from several authoritative internet databases, including Web of Science, Elsevier, Europe PMC, Wiley Online Library, and PubMed. A combination of keywords containing “Licochalcone A,” “Flavonoid,” and “Pharmacological Therapy” was used to help ensure a comprehensive review. Collected information demonstrates a wide range of pharmacological properties for LA, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-parasitic, bone protection, blood glucose and lipid regulation, neuroprotection, and skin protection. LA activity is mediated through several signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, P53, NF-κB, and P38. Caspase-3 apoptosis, MAPK inflammatory, and Nrf2 oxidative stress signaling pathways are also involved with multiple therapeutic targets, such as TNF-α, VEGF, Fas, FasL, PI3K, AKT, and caspases. Recent studies mainly focus on the anticancer properties of LA, which suggests that the pharmacology of other aspects of LA will need additional study. At the end of this review, current challenges and future research directions on LA are discussed. This review is divided into three parts based on the pharmacological effects of LA for the convenience of readers. We anticipate that this review will inspire further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Mei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong-Sheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy and College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Mei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Crassolide Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis, and Autophagy in Human Lung Cancer Cells via ROS-Mediated ER Stress Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105624. [PMID: 35628435 PMCID: PMC9144222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Crassolide, a cembranoid diterpene extracted from the soft coral Lobophytum crissum, has been proven to possess antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. In the present study, we assessed the anticancer effects of crassolide on human H460 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We found that crassolide exerted cytotoxic effects on H460 cancer cells in vitro, inducing G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. In addition, in H460 cells exposed to crassolide, the expression of the autophagy-related proteins LC3-II and beclin was increased, while the expression of p62 was decreased. Moreover, inhibiting autophagy with chloroquine (CQ) suppressed the crassolide-induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis of H460 cells. Moreover, we also found that crassolide induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in lung cancer cells by increasing the expression of ER stress marker proteins and that the crassolide-induced G2/M arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy were markedly attenuated by the ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA). Furthermore, we found that crassolide promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by H460 cells and that the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) decreased the crassolide-induced ER stress, G2/M arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. In conclusion, our findings show that crassolide inhibits NSCLC cell malignant biological behaviors for the first time, suggesting that this effect may be mechanistically achieved by inducing G2/M arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy through ROS accumulation, which activates the ER stress pathway. As a result of our findings, we now have a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer effect of crassolide, and we believe crassolide might be a candidate for targeted cancer therapy.
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15
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Effect of Licochalcone-A Combined with Rab23 Gene on Proliferation of Glioma U251 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9299442. [PMID: 35497928 PMCID: PMC9054455 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9299442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This research aimed to explore the effect of Licochalcone-A (LCA) combined with Rab23 gene on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma U251 cells through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The glioma U251 cell line was taken as the research object, and the Rab23 overexpression plasmid was constructed. According to the treatment method, U251 cells were rolled into blank control group (BC), Rab23 overexpression plasmid transfection group (Rab23), 25 μmol·L−1 LCA treatment group (LCA), and Rab23 overexpression plasmid transfection combined with 25 μmol·L−1 LCA treatment group (Rab23 + LCA). Subsequently, the ability of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of each group was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, scratch healing test, and Transwell cell invasion test, respectively. Western blot was implemented to detect the expression differences of cell proliferation antigen Ki-67, apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3β), Axin2, and c-myc. The results showed the successful construction of Rab23 overexpression and stable transfection U251 cell line. After grouping and treatments, the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of the Rab23 group, LCA group, and Rab23 + LCA group was substantially reduced relative to BC group (P < 0.05). In addition, the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of Rab23 + LCA group decreased relatively more significantly. The expression levels of Ki-67, Bcl-2, β-catenin, and c-myc in the Rab23, LCA, and Rab23 + LCA groups were greatly lower versus those of BC group. Moreover, the protein expression levels of Bax, GSK3β, and Axin2 were considerably increased (P < 0.05), while the expression of protein in Rab23 + LCA group increased notably. These findings indicate that LCA combined with Rab23 gene can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma U251 cells through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and can promote cell apoptosis.
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16
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Licochalcone A Promotes the Ubiquitination of c-Met to Abrogate Gefitinib Resistance. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5687832. [PMID: 35309168 PMCID: PMC8930240 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5687832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Met proto-oncogene (MET) amplification and tyrosine-protein kinase Met (c-Met) overexpression confer gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The natural product Licochalcone A (Lico A) exhibits a broad range of inhibitory effects against various tumors. However, the effects of Lico A on c-Met signaling and gefitinib resistance in NSCLC remain unclear. In the present study, Lico A efficiently overcame gefitinib-acquired resistance in NSCLC cells by suppressing c-Met signaling. Lico A decreased cell viability and colony formation dose-dependently and impaired in vivo tumorigenesis of gefitinib-resistant HCC827 and PC-9 cells. Furthermore, Lico A induced intrinsic apoptosis and upregulated the protein expression levels of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and cleaved caspase 3. Lico A promoted the interaction between c-Met and E3 ligase c-Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl), which enhanced c-Cbl-mediated c-Met ubiquitination and degradation. Depletion of c-Cbl compromised Lico A-induced c-Met ubiquitination and its inhibitory efficacy in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells. Taken together, the results suggest that Lico A is a promising antitumor agent that might be used to overcome c-Met overexpression-mediated gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells.
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17
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Xu KD, Miao Y, Li P, Li PP, Liu J, Li J, Cao F. Licochalcone A inhibits cell growth through the downregulation of the Hippo pathway via PES1 in cholangiocarcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:564-573. [PMID: 34845814 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression or activation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) is common in cancer cells. Thus, targeting YAP may be a strategy for cancer therapy. Licochalcone A (LicA) is a primary active compound of licorice root and is known to have medicinal effects, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer effects. However, the anticancer pharmacological mechanism of LicA has not been investigated in cholangiocarcinoma. In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative effect of LicA and the underlying molecular mechanism in HCCC-9810 and RBE human cholangiocarcinoma cells. Our experiments indicated that LicA suppressed the growth of cholangiocarcinoma cells through inactivation of the Hippo pathway. Pescadillo ribosomal biogenesis factor 1 (PES1) was notably upregulated and related to carcinogenesis. We also found that LicA suppressed the expression and nuclear localization of PES1, which was associated with the inhibition of YAP expression and transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Dong Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Miao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pan Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ping-Ping Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Cao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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18
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Wang Q, Zhang K, Weng W, Chen L, Wei C, Bao R, Adu-Frimpong M, Cao X, Yu Q, Shi F, Toreniyazov E, Ji H, Xu X, Yu J. Liquiritin-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex: preparation, characterization, bioavailability and antitumor activity evaluation. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2083-2092. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Wu Y, Wang Z, Du Q, Zhu Z, Chen T, Xue Y, Wang Y, Zeng Q, Shen C, Jiang C, Liu L, Zhu H, Liu Q. Pharmacological Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Licorice-Derived Flavonoids. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:9523071. [PMID: 35082907 PMCID: PMC8786487 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9523071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is the most frequently prescribed natural medicine in China and has been used for more than 2,000 years. The flavonoids of licorice have garnered considerable attention in recent decades due to their structural diversity and myriad pharmacological effects, especially as novel therapeutic agents against inflammation and cancer. Although many articles have been published to summarize different pharmacological activities of licorice in recent years, the systematic summary for flavonoid components is not comprehensive. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the pharmacological and mechanistic data from recent researches on licorice flavonoids and their bioactive components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhuxian Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qunqun Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhaoming Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaqi Xue
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Quanfu Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chunyan Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Cuiping Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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20
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Wang J, Wei B, Thakur K, Wang CY, Li KX, Wei ZJ. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Anti-cancerous Mechanism of Licochalcone A on Human Hepatoma Cell HepG2. Front Nutr 2022; 8:807574. [PMID: 34988109 PMCID: PMC8720858 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.807574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a malignancy with a low survival rate globally, and there is imperative to unearth novel natural phytochemicals as effective therapeutic strategies. Licochalcone A is a chalcone from Glycyrrhiza that displayed various pharmacological efficacy. A globally transcriptome analysis was carried out to reveal the gene expression profiling to explore Licochalcone A's function as an anti-cancer phytochemical on HepG2 cells and investigate its potential mechanisms. Altogether, 6,061 dysregulated genes were detected (3,414 up-regulated and 2,647 down-regulated). SP1 was expected as the transcription factor that regulates the functions of most screened genes. GO and KEGG analysis was conducted, and the MAPK signaling pathway and the FoxO signaling pathway were two critical signal pathways. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis based on STRING platform to discover the hub genes (MAPK1, ATF4, BDNF, CASP3, etc.) in the MAPK signaling pathway and (AKT3, GADD45A, IL6, CDK2, CDKN1A, etc.) the FoxO signaling pathway. The protein level of essential genes that participated in significant pathways was consistent with the transcriptome data. This study will provide an inclusive understanding of the potential anti-cancer mechanism of Licochalcone A on hepatocellular, signifying Licochalcone A as a promising candidate for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Biological Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, China
| | - Bo Wei
- School of Biological Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, China
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chu-Yan Wang
- School of Biological Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, China
| | - Ke-Xin Li
- School of Biological Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
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21
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Tan W, Pan T, Wang S, Li P, Men Y, Tan R, Zhong Z, Wang Y. Immunometabolism modulation, a new trick of edible and medicinal plants in cancer treatment. Food Chem 2021; 376:131860. [PMID: 34971892 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The edible and medicinal plants (EMPs) are becoming an abundant source for cancer prevention and treatment since the natural and healthy trend for modern human beings. Currently, there are more than one hundred species of EMPs widely used and listed by the national health commission of China, and most of them indicate immune or metabolic regulation potential in cancer treatment with numerous studies over the past two decades. In the present review, we focused on the metabolic influence in immunocytes and tumor microenvironment, including immune response, immunosuppressive factors and cancer cells, discussing the immunometabolic potential of EMPs in cancer treatment. There are more than five hundred references collected and analyzed through retrieving pharmacological studies deposited in PubMed by medical subject headings and the corresponding names derived from pharmacopoeia of China as a sole criterion. Finally, the immunometabolism modulation of EMPs was sketch out implying an immunometabolic control in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Tingrui Pan
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yongfan Men
- Research Laboratory of Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Rui Tan
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
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22
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Wahab S, Annadurai S, Abullais SS, Das G, Ahmad W, Ahmad MF, Kandasamy G, Vasudevan R, Ali MS, Amir M. Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice): A Comprehensive Review on Its Phytochemistry, Biological Activities, Clinical Evidence and Toxicology. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122751. [PMID: 34961221 PMCID: PMC8703329 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
There are more than 30 species of Glycyrrhiza genus extensively spread worldwide. It was the most prescribed herb in Ancient Egyptian, Roman, Greek, East China, and the West from the Former Han era. There are various beneficial effects of licorice root extracts, such as treating throat infections, tuberculosis, respiratory, liver diseases, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunodeficiency. On the other hand, traditional medicines are getting the attraction to treat many diseases. Therefore, it is vital to screen the medicinal plants to find the potential of new compounds to treat chronic diseases such as respiratory, cardiovascular, anticancer, hepatoprotective, etc. This work comprehensively reviews ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, biological activities, clinical evidence, and the toxicology of licorice, which will serve as a resource for future clinical and fundamental studies. An attempt has been made to establish the pharmacological effect of licorice in different diseases. In addition, the focus of this review article is on the molecular mechanism of licorice extracts and their four flavonoids (isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, lichalocone, and glabridin) pharmacologic activities. Licorice could be a natural alternative for current therapy to exterminate new emerging disorders with mild side effects. This review will provide systematic insights into this ancient drug for further development and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Sivakumar Annadurai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shahabe Saquib Abullais
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gotam Das
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Safaa, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md Faruque Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Geetha Kandasamy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rajalakshimi Vasudevan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md Sajid Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohd Amir
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
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23
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Bai H, Zhou M, Zhou H, Han Q, Xu H, Xu P, Chen B. Licochalcone A suppresses Sp1 expression with potential anti-myeloma activity. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:1239-1242. [PMID: 34665930 PMCID: PMC8626604 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu210008P. R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu210008P. R. China
| | - He Zhou
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsu210008P. R. China
| | - Qiaoyan Han
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsu210008P. R. China
| | - Han Xu
- School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu210008P. R. China
| | - Peipei Xu
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu210008P. R. China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of HematologyThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu210008P. R. China
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24
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Constantinescu T, Lungu CN. Anticancer Activity of Natural and Synthetic Chalcones. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11306. [PMID: 34768736 PMCID: PMC8582663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a condition caused by many mechanisms (genetic, immune, oxidation, and inflammatory). Anticancer therapy aims to destroy or stop the growth of cancer cells. Resistance to treatment is theleading cause of the inefficiency of current standard therapies. Targeted therapies are the most effective due to the low number of side effects and low resistance. Among the small molecule natural compounds, flavonoids are of particular interest for theidentification of new anticancer agents. Chalcones are precursors to all flavonoids and have many biological activities. The anticancer activity of chalcones is due to the ability of these compounds to act on many targets. Natural chalcones, such as licochalcones, xanthohumol (XN), panduretin (PA), and loncocarpine, have been extensively studied and modulated. Modification of the basic structure of chalcones in order to obtain compounds with superior cytotoxic properties has been performed by modulating the aromatic residues, replacing aromatic residues with heterocycles, and obtaining hybrid molecules. A huge number of chalcone derivatives with residues such as diaryl ether, sulfonamide, and amine have been obtained, their presence being favorable for anticancer activity. Modification of the amino group in the structure of aminochalconesis always favorable for antitumor activity. This is why hybrid molecules of chalcones with different nitrogen hetercycles in the molecule have been obtained. From these, azoles (imidazole, oxazoles, tetrazoles, thiazoles, 1,2,3-triazoles, and 1,2,4-triazoles) are of particular importance for the identification of new anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Constantinescu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudiu N. Lungu
- Department of Surgery, Country Emergency Hospital Braila, 810249 Braila, Romania
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25
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Chanda K. Significance of chalcone synthons as lead molecules in anticancer drug discovery. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:1240. [PMID: 34515011 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210910084829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Chanda
- Vellore Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry Vellore. India
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Xu C, Huang X, Huang Y, Liu X, Wu M, Wang J, Duan X. Naringin induces apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells via blocking the PI3K/AKT pathway and activating pro‑death autophagy. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:772. [PMID: 34490484 PMCID: PMC8441985 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Naringin (Nar) is one of the natural glycosides extracted from pomelo and other citrus fruits. It has various pharmacological activities, including anti‑inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‑proliferative and anti‑cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms by which Nar regulates apoptosis and autophagy in gastric cancer remain unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of Nar and the underlying mechanisms. SNU‑1 cell proliferation was determined using Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. Cell morphological changes were observed under a phase‑contrast microscope. The changes in the cell cycle were determined using flow cytometry analysis and the changes in cell apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry, Hoechst 33258 and TUNEL staining. The protein levels pertaining to the PI3K/AKT pathway and cell apoptosis and autophagy were monitored using western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that Nar significantly inhibited SNU‑1 cell growth and induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and cell apoptosis. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that Nar blocked the PI3K/AKT pathway, activated cell autophagy and stimulated the expression of apoptosis‑associated protein cleaved caspase 3 and Bax, but decreased the expression of Bcl‑2. Preincubating SNU‑1 cells with 3‑methyladenine, a cell‑autophagy inhibitor, significantly alleviated the effects of Nar in promoting cell apoptosis and cleaved caspase 3 expression. It was concluded that Nar promoted SNU‑1 cell apoptosis via blocking the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and activating cell autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuixiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Yubin Huang
- Clinical Department, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Clinical Department, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Research, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Xianglong Duan
- Second Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
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Xiao J, Gao M, Diao Q, Gao F. Chalcone Derivatives and their Activities against Drug-resistant Cancers: An Overview. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:348-362. [PMID: 33092509 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666201022143236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance, including multidrug resistance resulting from different defensive mechanisms in cancer cells, is the leading cause of the failure of the cancer therapy, posing an urgent need to develop more effective anticancer agents. Chalcones, widely distributed in nature, could act on diverse enzymes and receptors in cancer cells. Accordingly, chalcone derivatives possess potent activity against various cancers, including drug-resistant, even multidrug-resistant cancer. This review outlines the recent development of chalcone derivatives with potential activity against drug-resistant cancers covering articles published between 2010 and 2020 so as to facilitate further rational design of more effective candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Meixiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Diao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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Lin X, Zhou M, Xu Z, Chen Y, Lin F. Bioinformatics study on genes related to a high-risk postoperative recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211018053. [PMID: 34304612 PMCID: PMC10450722 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211018053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to screen out genes associated with a high risk of postoperative recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma and investigate the possible mechanisms of the involvement of these genes in the recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma. We identify Hub genes and verify the expression levels and prognostic roles of these genes. Datasets of GSE40791, GSE31210, and GSE30219 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Enrichment analysis of gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were performed for the screened candidate genes using the DAVID database. Then, we performed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis through the database STRING. Hub genes were screened out using Cytoscape software, and their expression levels were determined by the GEPIA database. Finally, we assessed the relationships of Hub genes expression levels and the time of survival. Forty-five candidate genes related to a high-risk of lung adenocarcinoma recurrence were screened out. Gene ontology analysis showed that these genes were enriched in the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint, mitotic sister chromosome segregation, G2/M-phase transition of the mitotic cell cycle, and ATP binding, etc. KEGG analysis showed that these genes were involved predominantly in the cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway, and oocyte meiosis. We screened out the top ten Hub genes related to high expression of lung adenocarcinoma from the PPI network. The high expression levels of eight genes (TOP2A, HMMR, MELK, MAD2L1, BUB1B, BUB1, RRM2, and CCNA2) were related to short recurrence-free survival and they can be used as biomarkers for high risk of lung adenocarcinoma recurrence. This study screened out eight genes associated with a high risk of lung adenocarcinoma recurrence, which might provide novel insights into researching the recurrence mechanisms of lung adenocarcinoma as well as into the selection of targets in the treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zehong Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yusheng Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Unit, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Fan Lin
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Michalkova R, Mirossay L, Gazdova M, Kello M, Mojzis J. Molecular Mechanisms of Antiproliferative Effects of Natural Chalcones. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112730. [PMID: 34073042 PMCID: PMC8198114 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the important progress in cancer treatment in the past decades, the mortality rates in some types of cancer have not significantly decreased. Therefore, the search for novel anticancer drugs has become a topic of great interest. Chalcones, precursors of flavonoid synthesis in plants, have been documented as natural compounds with pleiotropic biological effects including antiproliferative/anticancer activity. This article focuses on the knowledge on molecular mechanisms of antiproliferative action of chalcones and draws attention to this group of natural compounds that may be of importance in the treatment of cancer disease. Abstract Although great progress has been made in the treatment of cancer, the search for new promising molecules with antitumor activity is still one of the greatest challenges in the fight against cancer due to the increasing number of new cases each year. Chalcones (1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one), the precursors of flavonoid synthesis in higher plants, possess a wide spectrum of biological activities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer. A plethora of molecular mechanisms of action have been documented, including induction of apoptosis, autophagy, or other types of cell death, cell cycle changes, and modulation of several signaling pathways associated with cell survival or death. In addition, blockade of several steps of angiogenesis and proteasome inhibition has also been documented. This review summarizes the basic molecular mechanisms related to the antiproliferative effects of chalcones, focusing on research articles from the years January 2015–February 2021.
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de Seabra Rodrigues Dias IR, Lo HH, Zhang K, Law BYK, Nasim AA, Chung SK, Wong VKW, Liu L. Potential therapeutic compounds from traditional Chinese medicine targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress to alleviate rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105696. [PMID: 34052360 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease which affects about 0.5-1% of people with symptoms that significantly impact a sufferer's lifestyle. The cells involved in propagating RA tend to display pro-inflammatory and cancer-like characteristics. Medical drug treatment is currently the main avenue of RA therapy. However, drug options are limited due to severe side effects, high costs, insufficient disease retardation in a majority of patients, and therapeutic effects possibly subsiding over time. Thus there is a need for new drug therapies. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a condition due to accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER, and subsequent cellular responses have been found to be involved in cancer and inflammatory pathologies, including RA. ER stress protein markers and their modulation have therefore been suggested as therapeutic targets, such as GRP78 and CHOP, among others. Some current RA therapeutic drugs have been found to have ER stress-modulating properties. Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) frequently use natural products that affect multiple body and cellular targets, and several medicines and/or their isolated compounds have been found to also have ER stress-modulating capabilities, including TCMs used in RA treatment by Chinese Medicine practitioners. This review encourages, in light of the available information, the study of these RA-treating, ER stress-modulating TCMs as potential new pharmaceutical drugs for use in clinical RA therapy, along with providing a list of other ER stress-modulating TCMs utilized in treatment of cancers, inflammatory diseases and other diseases, that have potential use in RA treatment given similar ER stress-modulating capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Ricardo de Seabra Rodrigues Dias
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hang Hong Lo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Kaixi Zhang
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China
| | - Ali Adnan Nasim
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Sookja Kim Chung
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, China.
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31
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Li Y, Zhu L, Hao R, Li Y, Zhao Q, Li S. Systematic expression analysis of the CELSR family reveals the importance of CELSR3 in human lung adenocarcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4349-4362. [PMID: 33811453 PMCID: PMC8093986 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadherin EGF LAG seven‐pass G‐type receptors (CELSRs) are involved in the progression of various types of cancer. CELSR3, a crucial signalling molecule in the WNT/PCP pathway, is believed to be associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. In this paper, we analysed the expression of CELSR family members using the Oncomine, GEPIA and UALCAN databases. We used a Kaplan‐Meier plotter to assess the effect of CELSRs on tumour prognosis. Next, gene ontology (GO), KEGG pathway, miRNA target, kinase target and transcription factor‐target enrichment were analysed by GSEA. Simultaneously, we conducted functional assays including cell viability, colony formation and transwell assays, to determine the oncogenic role of CELSR3 in LUAD. Finally, we used the TIMER and TISIDB databases to analyse the correlation between CELSR3 and immune infiltration and the potential chemokine receptor axis causing immune cell expression. High expression of CELSR3 is in LUAD predicts poor prognosis and early progression of the tumour. KEGG and GO enrichment analysis revealed the functional relationship between CELSR3 and cell adhesion, the cell cycle, and DNA replication. Down‐regulation of CELSR3 suppressed cell proliferation to a significant extent, in addition to inhibiting invasion and migration in LUAD cells. Finally, CELSR3 expression was significantly correlated with the infiltration level of CD8+T cells through the CCL17/CCR4 axis in LUAD. These results indicate that CELSR3 can serve as a prognostic biomarker for determining prognosis and immune infiltration in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishuai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Longyu Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ran Hao
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuejun Li
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Qinfei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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32
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Wen T, Song L, Hua S. Perspectives and controversies regarding the use of natural products for the treatment of lung cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:2396-2422. [PMID: 33650320 PMCID: PMC7982634 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related mortality both in men and women and accounts for 18.4% of all cancer‐related deaths. Although advanced therapy methods have been developed, the prognosis of lung cancer patients remains extremely poor. Over the past few decades, clinicians and researchers have found that chemical compounds extracted from natural products may be useful for treating lung cancer. Drug formulations derived from natural compounds, such as paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and camptothecin, have been successfully used as chemotherapeutics for lung cancer. In recent years, hundreds of new natural compounds that can be used to treat lung cancer have been found through basic and sub‐clinical research. However, there has not been a corresponding increase in the number of drugs that have been used in a clinical setting. The probable reasons may include low solubility, limited absorption, unfavorable metabolism, and severe side effects. In this review, we present a summary of the natural compounds that have been proven to be effective for the treatment of lung cancer, as well as an understanding of the mechanisms underlying their pharmacological effects. We have also highlighted current controversies and have attempted to provide solutions for the clinical translation of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Shucheng Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
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Zhang Z, Yang L, Hou J, Tian S, Liu Y. Molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer activities of licorice flavonoids. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113635. [PMID: 33246112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Licorice has been commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of gastric, liver, and respiratory disease conditions for more than two thousand years. It is a major component of several Chinese patent medicines certificated by National Medical Products Administration that possess great anticancer activities. AIM OF THE STUDY To comprehensively summarize the anticancer activities of licorice flavonoids, explain the underlying molecular mechanisms, and assess their therapeutic potentials and side-effects. METHODS PubMed, Research Gate, Web of Science, Google Scholar, academic journals, and Science Direct were used as information sources, with the key words of "anticancer", "licorice", "flavonoids", and their combinations, mainly from 2000 to 2019. RESULTS Sixteen licorice flavonoids are found to possess anticancer activities. These flavonoids inhibit cancer cells through blocking cell cycle and regulating multiple signaling pathways. The major pathways targeted by licorice flavonoids include: the MAPK pathway, PI3K/AKT pathway, NF-κB pathway, death receptor - dependent extrinsic signaling pathway, and mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. CONCLUSION Licorice flavonoids are a group of versatile molecules that have pleiotropic effects on cell growth, survival and cell signaling. Many of the flavonoids possess inhibitory activities toward cancer cell growth and hence have a great therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. However, additional preclinical studies are still needed to assess their in vivo efficacy and possible toxicities. It is also imperative to evaluate the effects of licorice flavonoids on the metabolism of other drugs and explore the potential synergistic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jiaming Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Shaokai Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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Luo W, Sun R, Chen X, Li J, Jiang J, He Y, Shi S, Wen H. ERK Activation-Mediated Autophagy Induction Resists Licochalcone A-Induced Anticancer Activities in Lung Cancer Cells in vitro. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 13:13437-13450. [PMID: 33447049 PMCID: PMC7802906 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s278268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer rank top in the different types of cancers in China. Licochalcone A (LA) is a flavonoid extracted from the roots of licorice with antitumor effects in various cancers in vitro and in vivo. However, the role of LA in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains largely unclear. Methods The cell viability was measured by MTT assay, Edu staining and colony formation assay. Apoptosis was investigated using Annexin V/PI double-stained assays with flow cytometry. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was carried out to investigate the expression of mRNA of related proteins. Western blotting was used to investigate the expression of related proteins. Results The results show that LA inhibits the proliferation of NSCLC cells in a dose-dependent manner and induces apoptotic cell death. Moreover, LA significantly suppresses the expression of c-IAP1, c-IAP2, XIAP, Survivin, c-FLIPL and RIP1 without influencing the level of mRNA. Cycloheximide chase assay demonstrates that LA greatly decreases the stability of Survivin, XIAP and RIP1. Mechanistic studies indicate that LA induces cytoprotective autophagy since block of autophagy with CQ greatly enhances LA-induced anticancer activities. Furthermore, LA rapidly induces ERK and p38 activation in a time-dependent manner in both A549 and H460 cells, but suppresses the activities of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK); suppression of ERK not p38 with inhibitor attenuates LA-induced autophagy, while it remarkably enhances LA-induced cytotoxicity in lung cancer cells and further promotes the degradation of apoptosis-related proteins. Discussion The results of this study provide novel insights on the role of apoptosis-related proteins and the MAPKs pathway in the anticancer activities of LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifen Sun
- Center for Scientific Research, Yunnan University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jike Jiang
- College of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiao He
- College of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqing Shi
- Center for Scientific Research, Yunnan University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Heling Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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35
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Synthetic methods and biological applications of retrochalcones isolated from the root of Glycyrrhiza species: A review. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Gao F, Li M, Yu X, Liu W, Zhou L, Li W. Licochalcone A inhibits EGFR signalling and translationally suppresses survivin expression in human cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:813-826. [PMID: 33247550 PMCID: PMC7812290 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling plays a critical role in the oncogenesis of non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we reported the natural product, licochalcone A, exhibited a profound anti‐tumour efficacy through directly targeting EGFR signalling. Licochalcone A inhibited in vitro cell growth, colony formation and in vivo tumour growth of either wild‐type (WT) or activating mutation EGFR‐expressed NSCLC cells. Licochalcone A bound with L858R single‐site mutation, exon 19 deletion, L858R/T790M mutation and WT EGFR ex vivo, and impaired EGFR kinase activity both in vitro and in NSCLC cells. The in silico docking study further indicated that licochalcone A interacted with both WT and mutant EGFRs. Moreover, licochalcone A induced apoptosis and decreased survivin protein robustly in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, we found that treatment with licochalcone A translationally suppressed survivin through inhibiting EGFR downstream kinases ERK1/2 and Akt. Depletion of the translation initiation complex by eIF4E knockdown effectively inhibited survivin expression. In contrast, knockdown of 4E‐BP1 showed the opposite effect and dramatically enhanced survivin protein level. Overall, our data indicate that targeting survivin might be an alternative strategy to sensitize EGFR‐targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Li
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Changsha Stomatological Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xinfang Yu
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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37
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Gong S, Maegawa S, Yang Y, Gopalakrishnan V, Zheng G, Cheng D. Licochalcone A is a Natural Selective Inhibitor of Arginine Methyltransferase 6. Biochem J 2020; 478:BCJ20200411. [PMID: 33245113 PMCID: PMC7850898 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Arginine methylation is a post-translational modification that is implicated in multiple biological functions including transcriptional regulation. The expression of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMT) has been shown to be upregulated in various cancers. PRMTs have emerged as attractive targets for the development of new cancer therapies. Here, we describe the identification of a natural compound, licochalcone A, as a novel, reversible and selective inhibitor of PRMT6. Since expression of PRMT6 is upregulated in human breast cancers and is associated with oncogenesis, we used the human breast cancer cell line system to study the effect of licochalcone A treatment on PRMT6 activity, cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis. We demonstrated that licochalcone A is a non-S-adenosyl L-methionine (SAM) binding site competitive inhibitor of PRMT6. In MCF-7 cells, it inhibited PRMT6-dependent methylation of histone H3 at arginine 2 (H3R2), which resulted in a significant repression of estrogen receptor activity. Licochalcone A exhibited cytotoxicity towards human MCF-7 breast cancer cells, but not MCF-10A human breast epithelial cells, by upregulating p53 expression and blocking cell cycle progression at G2/M, followed by apoptosis. Thus, licochalcone A has potential for further development as a therapeutic agent against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Gong
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shinji Maegawa
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A
| | - Yanwen Yang
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A
| | - Vidya Gopalakrishnan
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A
| | - Donghang Cheng
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A
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Pan Z, Chen Q, Zheng X, Wang K, Duan Y, Xiao K, Jia Z, Ding X. JuBei Oral Liquid Induces Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis in NSCLC Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:7585-7598. [PMID: 32821122 PMCID: PMC7423349 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s254464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although gefitinib brings about tremendous advances in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, most of patients become incurable due to drug resistance. JuBei oral liquid (JB) has been widely used to treat pneumonia in clinic. Components of JB were reported to induce apoptosis in NSCLC, which indicated that JB could be a potential antitumor agent for NSCLC patients. In this study, we investigated the effect of JB on gefitinib-sensitive PC-9 and gefitinib-resistant PC-9/GR, H1975 cells as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods PC-9, PC-9/GR and H1975 cells were treated with JB, LY294002, SCH772984, gefitinib alone or in combination. Then, cell viability, colony formation, cell death, expression of mitochondria-dependent pathway proteins, expression of EGFR, PI3K/AKT, MAPK signal pathway proteins, Bcl-2 mitochondrial translocation, ROS generation and cell apoptosis were examined by MTT, colony forming, live/dead cell staining, Western blot, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry assay. Results Our results showed that JB significantly induced cell growth inhibition and apoptotic cell death in PC-9, PC-9/GR and H1975 cells. JB activated mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway through inhibiting Bcl-2 mitochondrial translocation while inducing Bax translocated into mitochondria along with accumulated ROS production, thereby increasing the release of cytochrome c, subsequently cleaving procaspase9 into cleaved-caspase9 and then cleaving procaspase3 into cleaved-caspase3. Furthermore, the employment of protein kinase inhibitors LY294002 and SCH772984 revealed that the induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by JB was reliant on inactivation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK signal pathways. Moreover, JB could synergize with gefitinib to induce apoptosis in PC-9, PC-9/GR and H1975 cells. Conclusion These data indicated that JB could be a potential therapeutic agent for NSCLC patients harboring EGFR mutations as well as those under gefitinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Pan
- Department of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiufang Chen
- Department of Science and Education, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulan Zheng
- Department of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalei Duan
- Department of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Xiao
- Department of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Jia
- Department of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuansheng Ding
- Department of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
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Wu CP, Lusvarghi S, Hsiao SH, Liu TC, Li YQ, Huang YH, Hung TH, Ambudkar SV. Licochalcone A Selectively Resensitizes ABCG2-Overexpressing Multidrug-Resistant Cancer Cells to Chemotherapeutic Drugs. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:1461-1472. [PMID: 32347726 PMCID: PMC7402219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The overexpression of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCG2 has been linked to clinical multidrug resistance in solid tumors and blood cancers, which remains a significant obstacle to successful cancer chemotherapy. For years, the potential modulatory effect of bioactive compounds derived from natural sources on ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance has been investigated, as they are inherently well tolerated and offer a broad range of chemical scaffolds. Licochalcone A (LCA), a natural chalcone isolated from the root of Glycyrrhiza inflata, is known to possess a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities, including pro-apoptotic and antiproliferative effects in various cancer cell lines. In this study, the chemosensitization effect of LCA was examined in ABCG2-overexpressing multidrug-resistant cancer cells. Experimental data demonstrated that LCA inhibits the drug transport function of ABCG2 and reverses ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance in human multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. Results of LCA-stimulated ABCG2 ATPase activity and the in silico docking analysis of LCA to the inward-open conformation of human ABCG2 suggest that LCA binds ABCG2 in the transmembrane substrate-binding pocket. This study provides evidence that LCA should be further evaluated as a modulator of ABCG2 in drug combination therapy trials against ABCG2-expressing drug-resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Pu Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Sabrina Lusvarghi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Han Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Te-Chun Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Qing Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hui Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ho Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suresh. V. Ambudkar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4255, United States
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Li B, Zhou D, Li S, Feng Y, Li X, Chang W, Zhang J, Sun Y, Qing D, Chen G, Li N. Licochalcone A reverses NNK-induced ectopic miRNA expression to elicit in vitro and in vivo chemopreventive effects. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 76:153245. [PMID: 32505917 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoprevention is the best cost-effective way regarding cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be differentially expressed during the development of lung cancer. However, if lung cancer prevention can be achieved through modulating miRNAs expression so far remains unknown. PURPOSE To discover ectopically expressed miRNAs in NNK-induced lung cancer and clarify whether Licochalcone A (lico A) can prevent NNK-induced lung cancer by modulating miRNA expression. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A/J mice were used to construct a lung cancer model by intraperitoneal injection with physiological saline NNK (100 mg/kg). Chemopreventive effects of lico A against lung cancer at 2 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg doses were evaluated in vivo. MicroRNA array and RT-qPCR were used to assess the expression levels of miRNAs. MLE-12 cells were treated with 0.1 mg/ml NNK, stimulating the ectopic expression pattern of miR-144-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-29c-3p, let-7d-3p, and miR-328-3p. miR-144-3p mimics and inhibitors were used to manipulate miR-144-3p levels. The effects of lico A (10 μM) on cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, and the expression of CK19, RASA1, miR-144-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-29c-3p, let-7d-3p, and miR-328-3p in NNK-treated MLE-12 cells were studied. RESULTS The expression levels of miR-144-3p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-29c-3p increased, while those of let-7d-3p and miR-328-3p decreased in both NNK-induced A/J mice and MLE-12 cells. Lico A could reverse the NNK-induced ectopic miRNA (miR-144-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-29c-3p, let-7d-3p, and miR-328-3p) expression both in vivo and in vitro and elicit in vivo lung cancer chemopreventive effect against NNK. In MLE-12 cells, the overexpression of miR-144-3p elicited the same effect as NNK regarding the expression of lung cancer biomarker CK19; the silencing of miR-144-3p reversed the effect of NNK on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. Lico A could reverse the effect of NNK on the expression of miR-144-3p, CK19, and RASA1 (predicted target of miR-144-3p). CONCLUSION The present study suggests that miR-144-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-29c-3p, let-7d-3p, and miR-328-3p were involved in the in vivo pathogenesis of NNK-induced lung cancer, and lico A could reverse the effect of NNK both in vivo and in vitro to elicit lung cancer chemopreventive effects through, at least partially, these five ectopically expressed miRNAs, especially miR-144-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Di Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Physical Education College, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Xingyu Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Yu Sun
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Degang Qing
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China.
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Ginkgolic acid (GA) suppresses gastric cancer growth by inducing apoptosis and suppressing STAT3/JAK2 signaling regulated by ROS. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Lipner MB, Peng XL, Jin C, Xu Y, Gao Y, East MP, Rashid NU, Moffitt RA, Herrera Loeza SG, Morrison AB, Golitz BT, Vaziri C, Graves LM, Johnson GL, Yeh JJ. Irreversible JNK1-JUN inhibition by JNK-IN-8 sensitizes pancreatic cancer to 5-FU/FOLFOX chemotherapy. JCI Insight 2020; 5:129905. [PMID: 32213714 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.129905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 55,000 people in the United States are diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) yearly, and fewer than 20% of these patients survive a year beyond diagnosis. Chemotherapies are considered or used in nearly every PDAC case, but there is limited understanding of the complex signaling responses underlying resistance to these common treatments. Here, we take an unbiased approach to study protein kinase network changes following chemotherapies in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of PDAC to facilitate design of rational drug combinations. Proteomics profiling following chemotherapy regimens reveals that activation of JNK-JUN signaling occurs after 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin (5-FU + LEU) and FOLFOX (5-FU + LEU plus oxaliplatin [OX]), but not after OX alone or gemcitabine. Cell and tumor growth assays with the irreversible inhibitor JNK-IN-8 and genetic manipulations demonstrate that JNK and JUN each contribute to chemoresistance and cancer cell survival after FOLFOX. Active JNK1 and JUN are specifically implicated in these effects, and synergy with JNK-IN-8 is linked to FOLFOX-mediated JUN activation, cell cycle dysregulation, and DNA damage response. This study highlights the potential for JNK-IN-8 as a biological tool and potential combination therapy with FOLFOX in PDAC and reinforces the need to tailor treatment to functional characteristics of individual tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Lipner
- Department of Pharmacology.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | - Chong Jin
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.,Department of Biostatistics
| | - Yi Xu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Yanzhe Gao
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.,Department of Pathology, and
| | - Michael P East
- Department of Pharmacology.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Naim U Rashid
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.,Department of Biostatistics
| | | | | | | | | | - Cyrus Vaziri
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.,Department of Pathology, and
| | - Lee M Graves
- Department of Pharmacology.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Gary L Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Jen Jen Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Li X, Ma C, Luo H, Zhang J, Wang J, Guo H. Identification of the differential expression of genes and upstream microRNAs in small cell lung cancer compared with normal lung based on bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19086. [PMID: 32176034 PMCID: PMC7440067 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the most lethal cancer, mainly attributing to its high tendency to metastasis. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) are related to human cancer onset and progression including invasion and metastasis.An eligible gene dataset and an eligible miRNA dataset were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database based our screening criteria. Differentially expressed genes (DE-genes) or DE-miRNAs for each dataset obtained by the R software package. The potential target genes of the top 10 DE-miRNAs were predicted by multiple databases. For annotation, visualization and integrated discovery, Metascape 3.0 was introduced to perform enrichment analysis for the DE-genes and the predicted target genes of the selected top 10 DE-miRNAs, including Pathway and Process Enrichment Analysis or protein-protein interaction enrichment analysis. The intersection of predicted target genes and DE-genes was taken as the final DE-genes. Then apply the predicted miRNAs-targets relationship of top 10 DE-miRNAs to the final DE-genes to gain more convinced DE-miRNAs, DE-genes and their one to one relationship.GSE19945 (miRNA microarray) and GSE40275 (gene microarray) datasets were selected and downloaded. 56 DE-miRNAs and 861 DE-genes were discovered. 297 miRNAs-targets relationships (284 unique genes) were predicted as the target of top 10 upregulating DE-miRNAs. 245 miRNAs-targets relationships (238 unique genes) were identified as the target of top 10 downregulating DE-miRNAs. The key results of enrichment analysis include protein kinase B signaling, transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway, negative regulation of cell differentiation, response to growth factor, cellular response to lipid, muscle structure development, response to growth factor, signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases, epithelial cell migration, cellular response to organic cyclic compound, Cell Cycle (Mitotic), DNA conformation change, cell division, DNA replication, cell cycle phase transition, blood vessel development, inflammatory response, Staphylococcus aureus infection, leukocyte migration, and myeloid leukocyte activation. Differential expression of genes-upstream miRNAs (RBMS3-hsa-miR-7-5p, NEDD9-hsa-miR-18a-5p, CRIM1-hsa-miR-18a-5p, TGFBR2-hsa-miR-9-5p, MYO1C-hsa-miR-9-5p, KLF4-hsa-miR-7-5p, EMP2-hsa-miR-1290, TMEM2-hsa-miR-18a-5p, CTGF-hsa-miR-18a-5p, TNFAIP3-hsa-miR-18a-5p, THBS1-hsa-miR-182-5p, KPNA2-hsa-miR-144-3p, GPR137C-hsa-miR-1-3p, GRIK3-hsa-miR-144-3p, and MTHFD2-hsa-miR-30a-3p) were identified in SCLC.RBMS3, NEDD9, CRIM1, KPNA2, GPR137C, GRIK3, hsa-miR-7-5p, hsa-miR-18a-5p, hsa-miR-144-3p, hsa-miR-1-3p along with the pathways included protein kinase B signaling, muscle structure development, Cell Cycle (Mitotic) and blood vessel development may gain a high chance to play a key role in the prognosis of SCLC, but more studies should be conducted to reveal it more clearly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwei Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, China
| | | | - Huan Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Campus Virchow, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, China
| | - Jinan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, China
| | - Hongtao Guo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, China
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Oh HN, Lee MH, Kim E, Kwak AW, Yoon G, Cho SS, Liu K, Chae JI, Shim JH. Licochalcone D Induces ROS-Dependent Apoptosis in Gefitinib-Sensitive or Resistant Lung Cancer Cells by Targeting EGFR and MET. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020297. [PMID: 32070026 PMCID: PMC7072161 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone D (LCD), a flavonoid isolated from a Chinese medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza inflata, has a variety of pharmacological activities. However, the anti-cancer effects of LCD on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been investigated yet. The amplification of MET (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) compensates for the inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activity due to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), leading to TKI resistance. Therefore, EGFR and MET can be attractive targets for lung cancer. We investigated the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of LCD in lung cancer cells HCC827 (gefitinib-sensitive) and HCC827GR (gefitinib-resistant) through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, pull-down/kinase assay, cell cycle analysis, Annexin-V/7-ADD staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assay, multi-caspase assay, and Western blot analysis. The results showed that LCD inhibited phosphorylation and the kinase activity of EGFR and MET. In addition, the predicted pose of LCD was competitively located at the ATP binding site. LCD suppressed lung cancer cells growth by blocking cell cycle progression at the G2/M transition and inducing apoptosis. LCD also induced caspases activation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, thus displaying features of apoptotic signals. These results provide evidence that LCD has anti-tumor effects by inhibiting EGFR and MET activities and inducing ROS-dependent apoptosis in NSCLC, suggesting that LCD has the potential to treat lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Na Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea; (H.-N.O.); (A.-W.K.); (G.Y.); (S.-S.C.)
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan, China; (M.-H.L.); (K.L.)
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Eunae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea;
| | - Ah-Won Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea; (H.-N.O.); (A.-W.K.); (G.Y.); (S.-S.C.)
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea; (H.-N.O.); (A.-W.K.); (G.Y.); (S.-S.C.)
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea; (H.-N.O.); (A.-W.K.); (G.Y.); (S.-S.C.)
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan, China; (M.-H.L.); (K.L.)
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, BK21 Plus, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-I.C.); or (J.-H.S.); Tel.: +82-63-270-4024 (J.-I.C.); +82-61-450-2684 (J.-H.S.); Fax: +82-63-270-4037 (J.-I.C.); +82-61-450-2689 (J.-H.S.)
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea; (H.-N.O.); (A.-W.K.); (G.Y.); (S.-S.C.)
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan, China; (M.-H.L.); (K.L.)
- Correspondence: (J.-I.C.); or (J.-H.S.); Tel.: +82-63-270-4024 (J.-I.C.); +82-61-450-2684 (J.-H.S.); Fax: +82-63-270-4037 (J.-I.C.); +82-61-450-2689 (J.-H.S.)
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Wang C, Chen L, Xu C, Shi J, Chen S, Tan M, Chen J, Zou L, Chen C, Liu Z, Liu X. A Comprehensive Review for Phytochemical, Pharmacological, and Biosynthesis Studies on Glycyrrhiza spp. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:17-45. [PMID: 31931596 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Licorice is extensively applied in food as well as herbal medicine across the world, possessing a substantial share in the global market. It has made great progress in chemical and pharmacological research in recent years. Currently, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat., and Glycyrrhiza glabra L. were officially used as Gan-Cao according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Accumulating evidence demonstrated three varieties of licorice have their own special compounds except for two quality markers set by Pharmacopoeia, providing great possibility for better understanding their characteristics, evaluating quality of each species and studying biosynthesis mechanisms of species-specific compounds. As a special "guide drug" in clinic, licorice plays an important role in Chinese herbal formulas. The interaction between licorice with other ingredients and their metabolism in vivo should also be taken into consideration. In addition, draft genome annotation, and success of the final step of glycyrrhizin biosynthesis have paved the way for biosynthesis of other active constituents in licorice, a promising beginning of solving source shortage. Accordingly, we comprehensively explored the nearly 400 chemical compounds found in the three varieties of licorice so far, systematically excavated various pharmacological activities, including metabolism via CYP450 system in vivo, and introduced the complete biosynthesis pathway of glycyrrhizin in licorice. The review will facilitate the further research toward this herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqie Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Mengxia Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jiali Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lisi Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Cuihua Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zixiu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xunhong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese, Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.,National and Local Collaborative Engineering, Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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Lee D, Hokinson D, Park S, Elvira R, Kusuma F, Lee JM, Yun M, Lee SG, Han J. ER Stress Induces Cell Cycle Arrest at the G2/M Phase Through eIF2α Phosphorylation and GADD45α. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6309. [PMID: 31847234 PMCID: PMC6940793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is known to influence various cellular functions, including cell cycle progression. Although it is well known how ER stress inhibits cell cycle progression at the G1 phase, the molecular mechanism underlying how ER stress induces G2/M cell cycle arrest remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that ER stress and subsequent induction of the UPR led to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase by reducing the amount of cyclin B1. Pharmacological inhibition of the IRE1α or ATF6α signaling did not affect ER stress-induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. However, when the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) phosphorylation was genetically abrogated, the cell cycle progressed without arresting at the G2/M phase after ER stress. GEO database analysis showed that growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein α (Gadd45α) were induced in an eIF2a phosphorylation-dependent manner, which was confirmed in this study. Knockdown of GADD45α abrogated cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase upon ER stress. Finally, the cell death caused by ER stress significantly reduced when GADD45α expression was knocked down. In conclusion, GADD45α is a key mediator of ER stress-induced growth arrest via regulation of the G2/M transition and cell death through the eIF2α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duckgue Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea; (D.L.); (D.H.); (S.P.); (R.E.); (F.K.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - Daniel Hokinson
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea; (D.L.); (D.H.); (S.P.); (R.E.); (F.K.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - Soyoung Park
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea; (D.L.); (D.H.); (S.P.); (R.E.); (F.K.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - Rosalie Elvira
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea; (D.L.); (D.H.); (S.P.); (R.E.); (F.K.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - Fedho Kusuma
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea; (D.L.); (D.H.); (S.P.); (R.E.); (F.K.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - Ji-Min Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea; (D.L.); (D.H.); (S.P.); (R.E.); (F.K.); (J.-M.L.)
| | - Miyong Yun
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science & Technology, Department of Science in Korean Medicine, and Bionanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee Univerisity, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Jaeseok Han
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Korea; (D.L.); (D.H.); (S.P.); (R.E.); (F.K.); (J.-M.L.)
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47
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Zhang Y, Gao M, Chen L, Zhou L, Bian S, Lv Y. Licochalcone A restrains microphthalmia-associated transcription factor expression and growth by activating autophagy in melanoma cells via miR-142-3p/Rheb/mTOR pathway. Phytother Res 2019; 34:349-358. [PMID: 31793097 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LCA) was found to possess anticancer effects. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects and mechanisms of LCA in melanoma. A375 and B16 melanoma cells were stimulated with LCA, MTT assay was used to assess cell proliferation. Expression of miR-142-3p, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF, which regulates melanin production) and autophagy-related genes was determined by Real-time PCR or western blot. The apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity. The roles of miR-142-3p and Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb) in LCA-affected cells were investigated by gain- and loss-of functions. LCA inhibited proliferation and MITF expression, but increased apoptosis and autophagy of melanoma cells. Moreover, LCA elevated miR-142-3p expression, but decreased its target gene Rheb expression. The effects of LCA on melanoma cells were abrogated by miR-142-3p inhibitor or Rheb overexpression. LCA suppressed mTOR signaling activation via Rheb. Additionally, rapamycin (a mTOR antagonist) notably attenuated the effects of Rheb on the autophagy, proliferation, apoptosis, and MITF expression in LCA-treated melanoma cells. In conclusion, LCA restrained MITF expression and growth by activating autophagy in melanoma cells via miR-142-3p/Rheb/mTOR pathway. This study suggested that LCA might be a potential therapeutic candidate for prevention and treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingmin Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shengnan Bian
- Department of Dermatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongmei Lv
- Department of Dermatology, The second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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48
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Weng Q, Chen L, Ye L, Lu X, Yu Z, Wen C, Chen Y, Huang G. Determination of licochalcone A in rat plasma by UPLC–MS/MS and its pharmacokinetics. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2018.00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Weng
- The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lianguo Chen
- The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Luxin Ye
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zheng Yu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Congcong Wen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yichuan Chen
- The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Lishui, Lishui 323000, China
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49
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Licochalcone A-Induced Apoptosis Through the Activation of p38MAPK Pathway Mediated Mitochondrial Pathways of Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111441. [PMID: 31739642 PMCID: PMC6912226 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Licochalcone A (LicA) is isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra and possesses antitumor and anti-invasive activities against several tumor cells. However, the antitumor effects of LicA on human osteosarcoma cells have yet to be demonstrated either in vitro or in vivo. METHODS Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction were detected with Annexin V/PI staining and JC-1 staining by flow cytometry. The expressions of caspase- or mitochondrial-related proteins were demonstrated by western blotting. Antitumor effect of LicA on 143B xenograft mice in vivo. RESULTS LicA could inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells, as evidenced by a decrease in cell viability, loss of mitochondrial membrane potentials, and activation of caspases. LicA treatment substantially reduced the expression of Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 and increased the expression of cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved-PARP, and Bax in HOS and U2OS cells. Moreover, mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis suppression mediated by Z-VAD or tauroursodeoxycholic acid significantly reduced LicA-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. The study also determined that LicA treatment induced p38MAPK phosphorylation, but siRNA-p38 or BIRB796 substantially reversed cell viability through the inhibition of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathways. Finally, an in vivo study revealed that LicA significantly inhibited 143B xenograft tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that LicA has antitumor activities against human osteosarcoma cells through p38MAPK regulation of mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathways in vitro and in vivo.
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50
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Won YS, Seo KI. Lupiwighteone induces caspase-dependent and -independent apoptosis on human breast cancer cells via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 135:110863. [PMID: 31604113 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of mortality in women. Lupiwighteone has anticancer effects in prostate cancer cells and neuroblastoma cells. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of lupiwighteone effects on human breast cancer cells are not as well known. In the present study, we investigated the effects of lupiwighteone on the proliferation and apoptosis of two different human cancer cells; MCF-7, an estrogen receptor (ER)-positive human breast cancer cell, and MDA-MB-231, a triple negative human breast cancer cell. Lupiwighteone treatment decreased the viability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Lupiwighteone treatment resulted in apoptotic cell death in breast cancer cells, which was characterized by DNA fragmentation, accumulation of apoptotic cells, and nuclear condensation. We also showed that treatment with lupiwighteone induced caspase-dependent apoptosis (up-regulation of caspase-3, -7, -8, -9, PARP, and Bax or down-regulation of Bid, Bcl-2), induction of caspase-independent apoptosis (up-regulation of AIF and Endo G on cytosol), and inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway (down-regulation of PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR) in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. These results suggest that lupiwighteone induces caspase-dependent and -independent apoptosis in both breast cancer cell lines via inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Seon Won
- Department of Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Il Seo
- Department of Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea.
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