1
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Zhuo LB, Liu YM, Jiang Y, Yan Z. Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce acute lung injury via oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial damage and NLRP3 inflammasome activation: In vitro and in vivo studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122950. [PMID: 37979646 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
The widespread application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) brings convenience to our lives while also renders threats to public health and ecological environment. The lung has been recognized as a primary target of ZnO-NPs, however, the detrimental effects and mechanism of ZnO-NPs on the respiratory system have not been thoroughly characterized so far. To investigate the effect of ZnO-NPs on acute lung injury (ALI), Sprague Dawley rats were intratracheally instilled with ZnO-NPs suspension at doses of 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg/day for 3 consecutive days. Our study revealed that ZnO-NPs induced ALI in rats characterized by increased airway resistance, excessive inflammatory response and lung histological damage. In addition, we identified several molecular biomarkers related to the potential mechanism of ZnO-NP-induced ALI, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The results of in vitro experiments showed that the viability of A549 cells decreased with the increase in ZnO-NPs concentration. Meanwhile, it was also found that ZnO-NP treatment induced the production of ROS, the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in A549 cells. Furthermore, to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of ZnO-NP-induced ALI, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (a ROS scavenger), Cyclosporin A (an inhibitor for mitochondrial depolarization) and Glibenclamide (an inhibitor for NLRP3 inflammasome activity) were used to pre-treat A549 cells before ZnO-NPs stimulation in the in vitro experiments, respectively. The results from this study suggested that ZnO-NP-induced ROS production triggered the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and assembly of NLRP3 inflammatory complex, leading to maturation and release of IL-1β. Moreover, ZnO-NP-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation was partly mediated by mitochondrial damage. Taken together, our study suggested that ZnO-NPs induced ALI through oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial damage and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and provided insight into the mechanisms of ZnO-NPs-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Bao Zhuo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Mei Liu
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuhan Jiang
- Department of Built Environment, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, United States
| | - Zhen Yan
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China; School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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2
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Nudelman R, Zuarets S, Lev M, Gavriely S, Meshi L, Zucker I, Richter S. One-pot green bio-assisted synthesis of highly active catalytic palladium nanoparticles in porcine gastric mucin for environmental applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:6115-6122. [PMID: 37941943 PMCID: PMC10628991 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00385j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, palladium nanoparticles were synthesized using one-pot synthesis utilizing porcine gastric mucin glycoproteins as reducing and capping agents. It is shown that the particles exhibited noticeable catalytic activity through both nitrophenol reduction and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. The catalytic performance was demonstrated with exceptionally high product yield, a fast reaction rate, and low catalyst use. The palladium-mucin composites obtained could be used in particle solution and as hydrogel catalysts to increase their reusability for at least ten reaction cycles with minimum loss in their catalytic effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Nudelman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - Shir Zuarets
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - Meiron Lev
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - Shira Gavriely
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The Porter School of Environmental and Earth Sciences, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - Louisa Meshi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev PO Box 653 Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Ines Zucker
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The Porter School of Environmental and Earth Sciences, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel
| | - Shachar Richter
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University 69978 Tel-Aviv Israel
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3
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Keum C, Hirschbiegel CM, Chakraborty S, Jin S, Jeong Y, Rotello VM. Biomimetic and bioorthogonal nanozymes for biomedical applications. NANO CONVERGENCE 2023; 10:42. [PMID: 37695365 PMCID: PMC10495311 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-023-00390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes mimic the function of enzymes, which drive essential intracellular chemical reactions that govern biological processes. They efficiently generate or degrade specific biomolecules that can initiate or inhibit biological processes, regulating cellular behaviors. Two approaches for utilizing nanozymes in intracellular chemistry have been reported. Biomimetic catalysis replicates the identical reactions of natural enzymes, and bioorthogonal catalysis enables chemistries inaccessible in cells. Various nanozymes based on nanomaterials and catalytic metals are employed to attain intended specific catalysis in cells either to mimic the enzymatic mechanism and kinetics or expand inaccessible chemistries. Each nanozyme approach has its own intrinsic advantages and limitations, making them complementary for diverse and specific applications. This review summarizes the strategies for intracellular catalysis and applications of biomimetic and bioorthogonal nanozymes, including a discussion of their limitations and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjoon Keum
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Cristina-Maria Hirschbiegel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Soham Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Soyeong Jin
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngdo Jeong
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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4
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MubarakAli D, Kim H, Venkatesh PS, Kim JW, Lee SY. A Systemic Review on the Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Palladium Nanoparticles in Biomedicine. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:3699-3718. [PMID: 35349084 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) have been considered as a potential candidate in the field of biomedical applications due to its unique properties such as huge catalytic, hydrogen storage, and sensing behavior. Therefore, Pd NPs have shown to have a significant potential for the development of antimicrobials, wound healing, antioxidant, and anticancer property in recent days. There are plenty of reports that showed superior properties of noble metals. However, only very few studies have been undertaken to explore the advantage of Pd NPs in the field of biomedical applications. This review reports detailed and comprehensive studies comprising of the synthesis, characterization, and potential applications of Pd NPs in biomedicine. This report provides evidences in the literature documented by early researchers to understand the potential applications of Pd NPs to be explored in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davoodbasha MubarakAli
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoekun Kim
- Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jung-Wan Kim
- Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Yul Lee
- Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Ucar A, Yeltekin AÇ, Köktürk M, Calimli MH, Nas MS, Parlak V, Alak G, Atamanalp M. Has PdCu@GO effect on oxidant/antioxidant balance? Using zebrafish embryos and larvae as a model. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 378:110484. [PMID: 37054932 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Industrial products containing PdCu@GO can gain access to the aquaculture environment, causing dangerous effects on living biota. In this study, the developmental toxicity of zebrafish treated with different concentrations (50, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 μg/L) of PdCu@GO was investigated. The findings showed that PdCu@GO administration decreased the hatchability and survival rate, caused dose-dependent cardiac malformation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis were also inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity affected by nano-Pd exposure. As evidence for oxidative stress, malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and glutathione (GSH) level decreased due to the increase in PdCu@GO concentration. Our research, it was determined that the oxidative stress stimulated by the increase in the concentration of PdCu@GO in zebrafish caused apoptosis (Caspase-3) and DNA damage (8-OHdG). Stimulation of ROS, inflammatory cytokines, tumor Necrosis Factor Alfa (TNF-α) and interleukin - 6 (IL-6), which act as signaling molecules to trigger proinflammatory cytokine production, induced zebrafish immunotoxicity. However, it was determined that the increase of ROS induced teratogenicity through the induction of nuclear factor erythroid 2 level (Nrf-2), NF-κB and apoptotic signaling pathways triggered by oxidative stress. Taken together with the research findings, the study contributed to a comprehensive assessment of the toxicological profile of PdCu@GO by investigating the effects on zebrafish embryonic development and potential molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | | | - Mine Köktürk
- Department of Organic Agriculture Management, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Igdir University, TR-76000, Igdir, Turkey; Research Laboratory Application and Research Center (ALUM), Iğdır University, TR-76000, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Harbi Calimli
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Tuzluca Vocational School, Igdir University, TR-76000, Igdir, Turkey; Research Laboratory Application and Research Center (ALUM), Iğdır University, TR-76000, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Salih Nas
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Igdir University, TR-76000, Igdir, Turkey; Research Laboratory Application and Research Center (ALUM), Iğdır University, TR-76000, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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6
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Fernandes NB, Nayak Y, Garg S, Nayak UY. Multifunctional engineered mesoporous silica/inorganic material hybrid nanoparticles: Theranostic perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Kunene K, Sayegh S, Weber M, Sabela M, Voiry D, Iatsunskyi I, Coy E, Kanchi S, Bisetty K, Bechelany M. Smart electrochemical immunosensing of aflatoxin B1 based on a palladium nanoparticle-boron nitride-coated carbon felt electrode for the wine industry. Talanta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Bellissima A, Cucci LM, Sanfilippo V, De Bonis A, Fiorenza R, Scirè S, Marzo T, Severi M, La Mendola D, Notarstefano V, Giorgini E, Satriano C. Pd-Based Hybrid Nanoparticles As Multimodal Theranostic Nanomedicine. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:483-493. [PMID: 36651801 PMCID: PMC9945085 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A nanodelivery system based on palladium nanoparticles (PdNP) and cisplatin (CisPt) was developed by physisorption of the drug onto the PdNP synthesized via a green redox process, using d-glucose and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as reducing and stabilizing/capping agents, respectively. UV-vis analysis and H2-evolution measurements were carried out to prove the nanoparticles' capability to act as bimodal theranostic nanomedicine, i.e., having both plasmonic and photocatalytic properties. XPS, XRD, and TEM allowed light to be shed on the chemical composition and morphology of the PdNP. The analysis of the UV-visible spectra evidenced plasmonic peak changes for the hybrid nanoparticle-drug assembly (Pd@CisPt), which pointed to a significant interaction of CisPt with the NP surface. The drug loading was quantitatively estimated by ICP-OES measurements, while DLS and AFM confirmed the strong association of the drug with the nanoparticle surface. The test of SOD-like activity in a cell-free environment proved the maintenance of the antioxidant capability of PdNP also in the Pd@CisPt systems. Finally, Pd@CisPt tested in prostate cancer cells (PC-3 line) unveiled the antitumoral action of the developed nanomedicine, related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, with a condition of protein misfolding/unfolding and DNA damage, as evidenced by cytotoxicity and MitoSOX assays, as well as Raman microspectroscopy, respectively. Cell imaging by confocal microscopy evidenced cellular uptake of the nanoparticles, as well as dynamic processes of copper ion accumulation at the level of subcellular compartments. Finally, cell migration studies upon treatment with Pd@CisPt evidenced a tunable response between the inhibitory effect of CisPt and the enhanced rate of cell migration for the metal NP alone, which pointed out the promising potential of the developed theranostic nanomedicine in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bellissima
- Nano
Hybrid BioInterfaces Laboratory (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy
| | - Lorena M. Cucci
- Nano
Hybrid BioInterfaces Laboratory (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy
| | - Vanessa Sanfilippo
- Nano
Hybrid BioInterfaces Laboratory (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy
| | - Angela De Bonis
- Department
of Science, University of Basilicata, viale dell’Ateneo Lucano,
10, 85100Potenza, Italy
| | - Roberto Fiorenza
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Scirè
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy
| | - Tiziano Marzo
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126Pisa, Italy
| | - Mirko Severi
- Department
of Chemistry ‘‘U. Schiff’’, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Diego La Mendola
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Notarstefano
- Department
of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic
University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department
of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic
University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Satriano
- Nano
Hybrid BioInterfaces Laboratory (NHBIL), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125Catania, Italy,Phone: +39 095 7385136. E-mail:
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9
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Palladium nanospheres incorporated polythiophene nanocomposite: Investigation of potency promising antimicrobial efficacy. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Law CKY, Bolea‐Fernandez E, Liu T, Bonin L, Wallaert E, Verbeken K, De Gusseme B, Vanhaecke F, Boon N. The influence of
H
2
partial pressure on biogenic palladium nanoparticle production assessed by single‐cell
ICP
‐mass spectrometry. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 16:901-914. [PMID: 36106503 PMCID: PMC10128129 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of biogenic palladium nanoparticles (bio-Pd NPs) is widely studied due to their high catalytic activity, which depends on the size of nanoparticles (NPs). Smaller NPs (here defined as <100 nm) are more efficient due to their higher surface/volume ratio. In this work, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), flow cytometry (FCM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were combined to obtain insight into the formation of these bio-Pd NPs. The precipitation of bio-Pd NPs was evaluated on a cell-per-cell basis using single-cell ICP-MS (SC-ICP-MS) combined with TEM images to assess how homogenously the particles were distributed over the cells. The results provided by SC-ICP-MS were consistent with those provided by "bulk" ICP-MS analysis and FCM. It was observed that heterogeneity in the distribution of palladium over an entire cell population is strongly dependent on the Pd2+ concentration, biomass and partial H2 pressure. The latter three parameters affected the particle size, ranging from 15.6 to 560 nm, and exerted a significant impact on the production of the bio-Pd NPs. The TEM combined with SC-ICP-MS revealed that the mass distribution for bacteria with high Pd content (144 fg Pd cell-1 ) indicated the presence of a large number of very small NPs (D50 = 15.6 nm). These results were obtained at high cell density (1 × 105 ± 3 × 104 cells μl-1 ) and H2 partial pressure (180 ml H2 ). In contrast, very large particles (D50 = 560 nm) were observed at low cell density (3 × 104 ± 10 × 102 cells μl-1 ) and H2 partial pressure (10-100 ml H2 ). The influence of the H2 partial pressure on the nanoparticle size and the possibility of size-tuned nanoparticles are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Ka Y. Law
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET) Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource recovery (CAPTURE) Ghent Belgium
| | - Eduardo Bolea‐Fernandez
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry (A&MS) Research Group, Department of Chemistry Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Tong Liu
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry (A&MS) Research Group, Department of Chemistry Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Luiza Bonin
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET) Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource recovery (CAPTURE) Ghent Belgium
| | - Elien Wallaert
- Sustainable Materials Science (SMS), Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Kim Verbeken
- Sustainable Materials Science (SMS), Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Bart De Gusseme
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET) Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource recovery (CAPTURE) Ghent Belgium
| | - Frank Vanhaecke
- Atomic & Mass Spectrometry (A&MS) Research Group, Department of Chemistry Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET) Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource recovery (CAPTURE) Ghent Belgium
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11
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Mastronardi V, Kim J, Veronesi M, Pomili T, Berti F, Udayan G, Brescia R, Diercks JS, Herranz J, Bandiera T, Fichthorn KA, Pompa PP, Moglianetti M. Green chemistry and first-principles theory enhance catalysis: synthesis and 6-fold catalytic activity increase of sub-5 nm Pd and Pt@Pd nanocubes. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10155-10168. [PMID: 35796244 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02278h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Synthesizing metal nanoparticles with fine control of size, shape and surface properties is of high interest for applications such as catalysis, nanoplasmonics, and fuel cells. In this contribution, we demonstrate that the citrate-coated surfaces of palladium (Pd) and platinum (Pt)@Pd nanocubes with a lateral length <5 nm and low polydispersity in shape achieve superior catalytic properties. The synthesis achieves great control of the nanoparticle's physico-chemical properties by using only biogenic reagents and bromide ions in water while being fast, easy to perform and scalable. The role of the seed morphology is pivotal as Pt single crystal seeds are necessary to achieve low polydispersity in shape and prevent nanorods formation. In addition, electrochemical measurements demonstrate the abundancy of Pd{100} surface facets at a macroscopic level, in line with information inferred from TEM analysis. Quantum density functional theory calculations indicate that the kinetic origin of cubic Pd nanoshapes is facet-selective Pd reduction/deposition on Pd(111). Moreover, we underline both from an experimental and theoretical point of view that bromide alone does not induce nanocube formation without the synergy with formic acid. The superior performance of these highly controlled nanoparticles to perform the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol was proved: polymer-free and surfactant-free Pd nanocubes outperform state-of-the-art materials by a factor >6 and a commercial Pd/C catalyst by more than one order of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mastronardi
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Junseok Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
| | - Marina Veronesi
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Structural Biophysics and Translational Pharmacology Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Tania Pomili
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Berti
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Gayatri Udayan
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Center for Bio-Molecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Barsanti 14, 73010 Arnesano (Lecce), Italy
| | - Rosaria Brescia
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Justus S Diercks
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Juan Herranz
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Tiziano Bandiera
- D3-PharmaChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Kristen A Fichthorn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Mauro Moglianetti
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
- Center for Bio-Molecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Barsanti 14, 73010 Arnesano (Lecce), Italy
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12
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Mir FQ, Hameed F, Sajad Y, Mukhdoomi B. Green and Non‐Conventional Materials for Membrane Synthesis: A Review. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fasil Qayoom Mir
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Hazratbal Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006 India
| | - Faheem Hameed
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Hazratbal Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006 India
| | - Yamir Sajad
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Hazratbal Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006 India
| | - Bushra Mukhdoomi
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Hazratbal Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006 India
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13
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Szewczyk OK, Roszczenko P, Czarnomysy R, Bielawska A, Bielawski K. An Overview of the Importance of Transition-Metal Nanoparticles in Cancer Research. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6688. [PMID: 35743130 PMCID: PMC9223356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several authorities have implied that nanotechnology has a significant future in the development of advanced cancer therapies. Nanotechnology makes it possible to simultaneously administer drug combinations and engage the immune system to fight cancer. Nanoparticles can locate metastases in different organs and deliver medications to them. Using them allows for the effective reduction of tumors with minimal toxicity to healthy tissue. Transition-metal nanoparticles, through Fenton-type or Haber-Weiss-type reactions, generate reactive oxygen species. Through oxidative stress, the particles induce cell death via different pathways. The main limitation of the particles is their toxicity. Certain factors can control toxicity, such as route of administration, size, aggregation state, surface functionalization, or oxidation state. In this review, we attempt to discuss the effects and toxicity of transition-metal nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Klaudia Szewczyk
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (R.C.); (K.B.)
| | - Piotr Roszczenko
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (P.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Robert Czarnomysy
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (R.C.); (K.B.)
| | - Anna Bielawska
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (P.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Krzysztof Bielawski
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (R.C.); (K.B.)
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14
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Samim M. Palladium nanoparticles as emerging pollutants from motor vehicles: An in-depth review on distribution, uptake and toxicological effects in occupational and living environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153787. [PMID: 35150667 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) play an integral role in motor vehicles as the primary vehicle exhaust catalyst (VEC) for tackling environmental pollution. Automobiles equipped with Pd-based catalytic converters were introduced in the mid-1970s and ever since the demand for Pd has steadily increased due to stringent emission standards imposed in many developed and developing countries. However, at the same time, the increasing usage of Pd in VECs has led to the release of nano-sized Pd particles in the environment, thus, emerging as a new source of environmental pollution. The present reports in the literature have shown gradual increasing levels of Pd particles in different urban environmental compartments and internalization of Pd particles in living organisms such as plants, aquatic species and animals. Occupational workers and the general population living in urban areas and near major highways are the most vulnerable as they may be chronically exposed to PdNPs. Risk assessment studies have shown acute and chronic toxicity exerted by PdNPs in both in-vitro and in-vivo models but the underlying mechanism of PdNPs toxicity is still not fully understood. The review intends to provide readers with an in-depth account on the demand and supply of Pd, global distribution of PdNPs in various environmental matrices, their migration and uptake by living species and lastly, their health risks, so as to serve as a useful reference to facilitate further research and development for safe and sustainable technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Samim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India.
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15
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16
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Ribeiro AI, Dias AM, Zille A. Synergistic Effects Between Metal Nanoparticles and Commercial Antimicrobial Agents: A Review. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3030-3064. [PMID: 36568315 PMCID: PMC9773423 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c03891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has expanded into a broad range of clinical applications. In particular, metal nanoparticles (MNPs) display unique antimicrobial properties, a fundamental function of novel medical devices. The combination of MNPs with commercial antimicrobial drugs (e.g., antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals) may offer several opportunities to overcome some disadvantages of their individual use and enhance effectiveness. MNP conjugates display multiple advantages. As drug delivery systems, the conjugates can extend the circulation of the drugs in the body, facilitate intercellular targeting, improve drug stabilization, and possess superior delivery. Concomitantly, they reduce the required drug dose, minimize toxicity, and broaden the antimicrobial spectrum. In this work, the common strategies to combine MNPs with clinically used antimicrobial agents are underscored. Furthermore, a comprehensive survey about synergistic antimicrobial effects, the mechanism of action, and cytotoxicity is depicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Ribeiro
- 2C2T
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology, Department of Textile
Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Alice Maria Dias
- Centre
of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University
of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Andrea Zille
- 2C2T
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology, Department of Textile
Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
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17
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Folic acid conjugated chitosan encapsulated palladium nanoclusters for NIR triggered photothermal breast cancer treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 280:119021. [PMID: 35027124 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study developed folic acid (FA) conjugated chitosan (CS) encapsulated rutin (R) synthesized palladium nanoclusters (Pd NCs) for NIR triggered and folate receptor (FR) targeted triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB 231 cells) treatment. R-Pd NCs exhibited flower-shaped particles with an average size of <100 nm. FA-CS encapsulation concealed the flower shape of R-Pd NCs with a positive charge. The XRD spectrum confirmed the cubic crystalline structure of Pd. The FA conjugation on CS improved the cellular uptake of R-Pd NCs in MDA-MB 231 cells was confirmed by TEM. FA-CS-R-Pd NCs (+NIR) treatment was considerably inhibited the MDA-MB 231 cells proliferation evidenced by cell viability, fluorescent staining, and flow cytometry analysis. Further, in vitro hemolysis assay and in Ovo model confirmed the non-toxic nature of FA-CS-R-Pd-NCs with or without NIR radiation. Hence, this study concluded that FA-CS-R-Pd NCs can be applied for the treatment of drug-resistant breast cancer.
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18
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Palem RR, Shimoga G, Kim SY, Bathula C, Ghodake GS, Lee SH. Biogenic palladium nanoparticles: An effectual environmental benign catalyst for organic coupling reactions. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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19
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Chandrakala V, Aruna V, Angajala G. Review on metal nanoparticles as nanocarriers: current challenges and perspectives in drug delivery systems. EMERGENT MATERIALS 2022; 5:1593-1615. [PMID: 35005431 PMCID: PMC8724657 DOI: 10.1007/s42247-021-00335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, nanotechnology has been attracting considerable research attention because of their outstanding mechanical, electromagnetic and optical properties. Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field comprising nanomaterials, nanoelectronics, and nanobiotechnology, as three areas which extensively overlap. The application of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) has drawn much attention offering significant advances, especially in the field of medicine by increasing the therapeutic index of drugs through site specificity preventing multidrug resistance and delivering therapeutic agents efficiently. Apart from drug delivery, some other applications of MNPs in medicine are also well known such as in vivo and in vitro diagnostics and production of enhanced biocompatible materials and nutraceuticals. The use of metallic nanoparticles for drug delivery systems has significant advantages, such as increased stability and half-life of drug carrier in circulation, required biodistribution, and passive or active targeting into the required target site. Green synthesis of MNPs is an emerging area in the field of bionanotechnology and provides economic and environmental benefits as an alternative to chemical and physical methods. Therefore, this review aims to provide up-to-date insights on the current challenges and perspectives of MNPs in drug delivery systems. The present review was mainly focused on the greener methods of metallic nanocarrier preparations and its surface modifications, applications of different MNPs like silver, gold, platinum, palladium, copper, zinc oxide, metal sulfide and nanometal organic frameworks in drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Chandrakala
- Department of Chemistry, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Anand Nagar, Krishnan Koil, 626126 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Valmiki Aruna
- Department of Chemistry, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Anand Nagar, Krishnan Koil, 626126 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Gangadhara Angajala
- Department of Chemistry, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Anand Nagar, Krishnan Koil, 626126 Tamil Nadu India
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20
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Maurya SW, Sagir H, Ansari MD, Siddiqui IR. Magnetically Retrievable Organocatalyst: An Emergent Green Method for The Rapid Formation of Biodynamically Significant Quinolines. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saransh W. Maurya
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis Department of Chemistry University of Allahabad Allahabad 211002 India
| | - Hozeyfa Sagir
- Department of Chemistry Paliwal P.G. College Shikohabad 205135 India
| | - Mohd D. Ansari
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis Department of Chemistry University of Allahabad Allahabad 211002 India
| | - Ibadur R. Siddiqui
- Laboratory of Green Synthesis Department of Chemistry University of Allahabad Allahabad 211002 India
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21
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Conformational changes of high-molecular-weight DNA upon binding to noble metal nanoparticles in solution. Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Feasibility of Monitoring Tumor Response by Tracking Nanoparticle-Labelled T Cells Using X-ray Fluorescence Imaging-A Numerical Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168736. [PMID: 34445443 PMCID: PMC8395984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been a breakthrough in cancer treatment, yet only a subgroup of patients responds to these novel drugs. Parameters such as cytotoxic T-cell infiltration into the tumor have been proposed for the early evaluation and prediction of therapeutic response, demanded for non-invasive, sensitive and longitudinal imaging. We have evaluated the feasibility of X-ray fluorescence imaging (XFI) to track immune cells and thus monitor the immune response. For that, we have performed Monte Carlo simulations using a mouse voxel model. Spherical targets, enriched with gold or palladium fluorescence agents, were positioned within the model and imaged using a monochromatic photon beam of 53 or 85 keV. Based on our simulation results, XFI may detect as few as 730 to 2400 T cells labelled with 195 pg gold each when imaging subcutaneous tumors in mice, with a spatial resolution of 1 mm. However, the detection threshold is influenced by the depth of the tumor as surrounding tissue increases scattering and absorption, especially when utilizing palladium imaging agents with low-energy characteristic fluorescence photons. Further evaluation and conduction of in vivo animal experiments will be required to validate and advance these promising results.
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23
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Anila PA, Sutha J, Nataraj D, Ramesh M. In vivo evaluation of Nano-palladium toxicity on larval stages and adult of zebrafish (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:144268. [PMID: 33418331 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The existence and usage of nano-sized palladium (nano-Pd) as catalytic promoters among industries and researchers have been laid a way to explore the release of nano-Pd particles into the aquatic environment, bio-accumulating in living organisms. However, the data on fate and toxicity in response to nano-Pd on aquatic organisms are very limited. Herein, we report the concentration-specific toxicity of nano-Pd in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Nano-Pd was synthesized and characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Zeta potential. To determine the in vivo toxicity of nano-Pd, the 96 hpf larvae and the adult zebrafish were treated with two (22 and 0.4 ng/L) environmental relevant concentrations. High doses of nano-Pd influenced the hatching rate, embryo survival, heartbeat and teratological anomalies in the 96 hpf larvae. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis were also influenced by nano-Pd exposure while the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was declined in a dose dependent manner. In long-term exposure (42 days), the adult fish showed erratic movements in swimming pattern inhibiting the AChE activity in both the concentrations of brain and liver. The antioxidant enzyme activity such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and lipid peroxidation (LPO), showed a significant change (P < 0.05) indicating that oxidative stress was induced by nano-Pd. Similarly, nano-Pd also induced histopathological lesions in gill, liver and brain providing an insight of fate and toxicity of nano-Pd in the aquatic environment. Our study contributes a significant mechanism to understand the toxicity concern of nano-Pd in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pottanthara Ashokan Anila
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jesudass Sutha
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devaraj Nataraj
- Low Dimensional Molecular Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mathan Ramesh
- Unit of Toxicology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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24
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Aarzoo, Naqvi S, Agarwal NB, Singh MP, Samim M. Bio-engineered palladium nanoparticles: model for risk assessment study of automotive particulate pollution on macrophage cell lines. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1850-1861. [PMID: 35424083 PMCID: PMC8693606 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09336j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The surge in vehicular activity in densely populated areas has led to an increased concentration of airborne palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) in the environment. Recent toxicity data have indicated that PdNPs exhibit adverse effects in in vitro and in vivo models, however, their effect on the immune system is not fully understood. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate possible toxic effects of bio-engineered palladium nanoparticles on the murine macrophage cell line (J774). Here we prepared palladium nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract of Parthenium hysterophorus and characterized them by UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FT-IR spectroscopy, HR-TEM, EDX, SEM and zeta potential. Toxicity parameters such as cell viability, cell membrane integrity, induction of apoptosis and ROS production were assessed on J774 cell lines. Spherical palladium nanoparticles of mean size ∼4 nm, when subjected to time and dose-dependent cytotoxicity assay, showed cell viability was >95% at lower doses (25, 200 μg mL-1) and <50% at higher doses of palladium nanoparticles (400, 500 μg mL-1) after 24 hours of incubation. We also observed cell membrane injury at higher doses by lactate dehydrogenase assay. The induction of apoptosis observed was moderate. H2DCFDA assay revealed visible cell damage which could be due to modest levels of ROS generation. The detection of Pd in the road-dust samples of New Delhi using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) technique was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarzoo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi-110062 India
| | - Saba Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Lucknow-226002 India
| | - Nidhi Bharal Agarwal
- Centre for Translational &Clinical Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi-110062 India
| | - Manoj P Singh
- Advanced Instrumentation Research Facility (AIRF), Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) New Delhi-110067 India
| | - M Samim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi-110062 India
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25
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Omari Shekaftik S, H Shirazi F, Yarahmadi R, Rasouli M, Ashtarinezhad A. Investigating the relationship between occupational exposure to nanomaterials and symptoms of nanotechnology companies' employees. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 77:209-218. [PMID: 33355040 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1863315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The increasing use of nanomaterials in academic and industrial environments has raised concerns about the potential effects of these materials on human and the environment. Researches have shown that occupational exposure to nanomaterials can affect employees' health. Many companies are active in the field of nanotechnology in Iran. Therefore, this study was designed and conducted to investigate the relationship between the symptoms of these companies' employees and exposure to nanomaterials. METHODS The study was conducted among employees of 52 nanotechnology companies in Tehran. For this study, the employees of these companies were categorized in two groups: "exposed" and "non-exposed" to nanomaterials. Data collection tools included the NanoTool method form and a nonspecific symptom questionnaire designed and validated by a team of 19 experts in various fields. Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS.22 software. RESULTS The results showed that the frequency of cutaneous (such as roughness, itching and redness), respiratory (such as cough, sneezing, and burning throat) and ocular (such as burning, itching and redness) symptoms were higher among the exposed workers to nanomaterials. Examination of the correlation between these symptoms in the two studied groups showed that symptoms with high frequency have a significant relationship with exposure to nanomaterials. CONCLUSIONS Given the high prevalence of some symptoms among the employees of the studied companies and their association with exposure to nanomaterials, it seems necessary to take control measures to reduce the exposure of employees to nanomaterials and consequently reduce the Investigated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soqrat Omari Shekaftik
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad H Shirazi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Yarahmadi
- Air Pollution Research Center, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Rasouli
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Ashtarinezhad
- Air Pollution Research Center, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Mastronardi V, Udayan G, Cibecchini G, Brescia R, Fichthorn KA, Pompa PP, Moglianetti M. Synthesis of Citrate-Coated Penta-twinned Palladium Nanorods and Ultrathin Nanowires with a Tunable Aspect Ratio. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:49935-49944. [PMID: 33090789 PMCID: PMC7735672 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Green and scalable methodologies for the preparation of metal nanoparticles with fine control of shape and size are of high interest in many areas including catalysis, nanomedicine, and nanodiagnostics. In this contribution, we describe a new synthetic method for the production of palladium (Pd) penta-twinned nanowires and nanorods utilizing sodium citrate, formic acid, ascorbic acid, and potassium bromide (KBr) in water, without the use of surfactants or polymers. The synthesis is green, fast, and without the need of complex setups. Interestingly, a microwave-assisted scale-up process has been developed. The combination of a synthetic protocol for seeds and the seed-mediated growth process allows us to synthesize nanorods and nanowires by modulating the concentration of KBr. The synthesized nanomaterials have been physicochemically characterized. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy shows that the nanorods and nanowires have a penta-twinned structure enclosed by {100} lateral facets. Moreover, the absence of sticky molecules or toxic byproducts guarantees the biocompatibility of the nanomaterials, while leaving the surface clean to perform enzymatic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Mastronardi
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Genova, Via Dodecaneso
31, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - Gayatri Udayan
- Department
of Engineering for Innovation, University
of Salento, Via per Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Center for Bio-Molecular
Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Barsanti 14, Arnesano, Lecce 73010, Italy
| | - Giulia Cibecchini
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Genova, Via Dodecaneso
31, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - Rosaria Brescia
- Electron
Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di
Tecnologia, Via Morego
30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Kristen A. Fichthorn
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania
State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Mauro Moglianetti
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
- Nanobiointeractions
& Nanodiagnostics, Center for Bio-Molecular
Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Barsanti 14, Arnesano, Lecce 73010, Italy
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27
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Yaqoob SB, Adnan R, Rameez Khan RM, Rashid M. Gold, Silver, and Palladium Nanoparticles: A Chemical Tool for Biomedical Applications. Front Chem 2020; 8:376. [PMID: 32582621 PMCID: PMC7283583 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the role of metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) in biomedical analysis and the treatment of critical deceases been highlighted. In the world of nanotechnology, noble elements such as the gold/silver/palladium (Au/Ag/Pd) NPs are the most promising emerging trend to design bioengineering materials that could to be employed as modern diagnostic tools and devices to combat serious diseases. NPs are considered a powerful and advanced chemical tool to diagnose and to cure critical ailments such as HIV, cancer, and other types of infectious illnesses. The treatment of cancer is the most significant application of nanotechnology which is based on premature tumor detection and analysis of cancer cells through Nano-devices. The fascinating characteristic properties of NPs-such as high surface area, high surface Plasmon resonance, multi-functionalization, highly stable nature, and easy processing-make them more prolific for nanotechnology. In this review article, the multifunctional roles of Au/Ag/Pd NPs in the field of medical science, the physicochemical toxicity dependent properties, and the interaction mechanism is highlighted. Due to the cytotoxicity of Ag/Au/Pd NPs, the conclusion and future remarks emphasize the need for further research to minimize the toxicity of NPs in the bio-medicinal field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundas Bahar Yaqoob
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology Mirpur, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Rohana Adnan
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohammad Rashid
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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28
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Vimercati L, Cavone D, Caputi A, De Maria L, Tria M, Prato E, Ferri GM. Nanoparticles: An Experimental Study of Zinc Nanoparticles Toxicity on Marine Crustaceans. General Overview on the Health Implications in Humans. Front Public Health 2020; 8:192. [PMID: 32509719 PMCID: PMC7253631 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of products containing nanoparticles or nanofibers is rapidly growing. Nanotechnology involves a wide spectrum of industrial fields. There is a lack of information regarding the toxicity of these nanoparticles in aqueous media. The potential acute toxicity of ZnO NPs using two marine crustacean species: the copepod Tigriopus fulvus and the amphypod Corophium insidiosum was evaluated. Acute tests were conducted on adults of T. Fulvus nauplii and C. insidiosum. Both test species were exposed for 96 h to 5 increasing concentrations of ZnO NPs and ZnSO4H2O, and the endpoint was mortality. Statistical analysis revealed that the mean LC50 values of both ZnO NPs and ZnSO4H2O (ZnO NPs: F = 59.42; P < 0.0015; ZnSO4H2O: F = 25.57; P < 0.0015) were significantly lower for Tigriopus fulvus than for Corophium insidiosum. This result confirms that the toxic effect could be mainly attributed to the Zn ions, confirming that the dissolution processes play a crucial role in the toxicity of the ZnO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Vimercati
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenica Cavone
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Caputi
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi De Maria
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Tria
- Marine Environment and Pollution Prevention, Department of Prevention, ASL TA Health Company, Taranto, Italy
| | - Ermelinda Prato
- Institute for the Coastal Marine Environment of the Italian National Research Council (IAMC-CNR), Taranto, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maria Ferri
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
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Sorokin VV, Pshenichnikova AB, Kalenov SV, Suyasov NA, Skladnev DA. Comparison of the Wild-Type Obligate Methylotrophic Bacterium Methylophilus quaylei and its Isogenic Streptomycin-Resistant Mutant via Metal Nanoparticle Generation. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 193:564-573. [PMID: 31073700 PMCID: PMC6944653 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles synthesized by green methods with the use of microorganisms are currently one of the most closely studied types of nanomaterials. It has accurately been shown that the characteristics of metal nanoparticles generated in the presence of different bacteria vary. For the two isogenic strains of obligate methylotrophic bacteria of the wild type (M. quaylei MTT) and its streptomycin-resistant mutant (M. quaylei SMR), the pleiotropic character of streptomycin resistance mutation in the SMR cells has been revealed. It has been shown that both cultures can generate silver nanoparticles. There is a dramatic difference in the formation of palladium nanoparticles, which are formed only in the presence of cells of the streptomycin-resistant mutant M. quaylei SMR. This study shows that closely related isogenic strains of obligate methylotrophic bacteria can be distinguished by the spectra of biogenic nanoparticles of two noble metals. While palladium nanoparticles are only generated by the cells of the streptomycin-resistant mutant M. quaylei SMR, biogenic silver nanoparticles can be generated from both cultures. Thus, the assessment of the ability of microorganisms to form biogenic nanoparticles of different metals allows the revelation of subtle metabolic differences of even close cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V Sorokin
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, Bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna B Pshenichnikova
- Department of Biotechnology and Industrial Pharmacy, MIREA - Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei V Kalenov
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Industrial Ecology, D.I. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 9 Miusskaya Square, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Nikolay A Suyasov
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Industrial Ecology, D.I. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 9 Miusskaya Square, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Skladnev
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, Bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, Russia
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30
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Moglianetti M, Pedone D, Udayan G, Retta SF, Debellis D, Marotta R, Turco A, Rella S, Malitesta C, Bonacucina G, De Luca E, Pompa PP. Intracellular Antioxidant Activity of Biocompatible Citrate-Capped Palladium Nanozymes. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10010099. [PMID: 31947820 PMCID: PMC7023661 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A method for the aqueous synthesis of stable and biocompatible citrate-coated palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) in the size range comparable to natural enzymes (4–8 nm) has been developed. The toxicological profile of PdNPs was assessed by different assays on several cell lines demonstrating their safety in vitro also at high particle concentrations. To elucidate their cellular fate upon uptake, the localization of PdNPs was analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Moreover, crucial information about their intracellular stability and oxidation state was obtained by Sputtering-Enabled Intracellular X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (SEI-XPS). TEM/XPS results showed significant stability of PdNPs in the cellular environment, an important feature for their biocompatibility and potential for biomedical applications. On the catalytic side, these PdNPs exhibited strong and broad antioxidant activities, being able to mimic the three main antioxidant cellular enzymes, i.e., peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. Remarkably, using an experimental model of a human oxidative stress-related disease, we demonstrated the effectiveness of PdNPs as antioxidant nanozymes within the cellular environment, showing that they are able to completely re-establish the physiological Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels in highly compromised intracellular redox conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Moglianetti
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Barsanti, 73010 Arnesano, Lecce, Italy; (D.P.); (G.U.)
- Correspondce: (M.M.); (E.D.L.); (P.P.P.)
| | - Deborah Pedone
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Barsanti, 73010 Arnesano, Lecce, Italy; (D.P.); (G.U.)
| | - Gayatri Udayan
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Barsanti, 73010 Arnesano, Lecce, Italy; (D.P.); (G.U.)
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Saverio Francesco Retta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano (Torino), Italy;
| | - Doriana Debellis
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Nanochemistry Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (D.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Marotta
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Nanochemistry Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (D.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Antonio Turco
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (A.T.); (S.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Simona Rella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (A.T.); (S.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Cosimino Malitesta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (A.T.); (S.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Giulia Bonacucina
- School of Pharmacy, Via Gentile III da Varano, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Elisa De Luca
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Barsanti, 73010 Arnesano, Lecce, Italy; (D.P.); (G.U.)
- Correspondce: (M.M.); (E.D.L.); (P.P.P.)
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Barsanti, 73010 Arnesano, Lecce, Italy; (D.P.); (G.U.)
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Correspondce: (M.M.); (E.D.L.); (P.P.P.)
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Phan TTV, Huynh TC, Manivasagan P, Mondal S, Oh J. An Up-To-Date Review on Biomedical Applications of Palladium Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 10:E66. [PMID: 31892149 PMCID: PMC7023275 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) have intrinsic features, such as brilliant catalytic, electronic, physical, mechanical, and optical properties, as well as diversity in shape and size. The initial researches proved that PdNPs have impressive potential for the development of novel photothermal agents, photoacoustic agents, antimicrobial/antitumor agents, gene/drug carriers, prodrug activators, and biosensors. However, very few studies have taken the benefit of the unique characteristics of PdNPs for applications in the biomedical field in comparison with other metals like gold, silver, or iron. Thus, this review aims to highlight the potential applications in the biomedical field of PdNPs. From that, the review provides the perceptual vision for the future development of PdNPs in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Tuong Vy Phan
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Hai Chau, Danang 550000, Vietnam;
| | - Thanh-Canh Huynh
- Center for Construction, Mechanics and Materials, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Hai Chau, Danang 550000, Vietnam;
| | - Panchanathan Manivasagan
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (P.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sudip Mondal
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (P.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Junghwan Oh
- Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (P.M.); (S.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
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Dogra V, Kaur G, Kumar R, Kumar S. Toxicity assessment of palladium oxide nanoparticles derived from metallosurfactants using multi assay techniques in Allium sativum. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 187:110752. [PMID: 31911039 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In today's world, nanotechnology is reaching practically every ground and entering the human lifestyle by becoming a part of it. Thus, it is vital to check the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of nanosubstances on plants, as they are the base constituent of ecosystem. The present work deals with the toxicity evaluation of metallosurfactant derived palladium oxide nanoparticles towards Allium sativum (Garlic cloves). The nanoparticles were prepared using microemulsion quenching method (a softer approach) using palladium metallosurfactants as precursors. The three ligands used were cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), dodecylamine (DDA) and hexadecylamine (HEXA). Further, their characterization was done using TEM, Size Distribution curve, FESEM, EDS, XRD and Zeta potential. Garlic (Allium sativum) cloves were used to investigate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of fabricated PdO NPs. To check the cytotoxicity, optical microscopy was employed and for the genotoxic assessment, different parameters such as chromosomal aberrations in the mitosis, circular dichroism, and gel electrophoresis were utilized. From mitosis study, chromosomes aberrations were confirmed such as chromosomes stickiness, breakage, C-Mitosis, delay in anaphase, spindle fibre abnormality, laggard, vagrant and condensed chromosomes. Morphology of A. sativum clove, rooting and shooting pattern in the presence of PdO nanosuspension was observed. From all the experiments, it was concluded that all the three PdO nanosuspension are toxic in nature to both the cells and to genome, although, bishexadecyltrimethyl ammonium palladium tetrachloride (PdCTAC) Ns was found to be the most cytotoxic and genotoxic. Gel electrophoresis also confirmed the complete degradation of DNA in the presence of PdCTAC Ns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Dogra
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125 001, Haryana, India
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Guin JP, Neogy S, Kumar P, Bhardwaj YK. Complementary Bifunctional Unique Properties of (α,β)‐PbO Nanoparticles for Efficient Catalysis and Adsorption for Water Remediation. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jhimli Paul Guin
- Radiation Technology Development DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay Mumbai– 400085 India
| | - Suman Neogy
- Mechanical Metallurgy DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay Mumbai– 400085 India
| | - Pranaw Kumar
- Fuel Chemistry DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay Mumbai– 400085 India
| | - Yatender K. Bhardwaj
- Radiation Technology Development DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay Mumbai– 400085 India
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34
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Gao C, Yao M, Li S, Feng P, Peng S, Shuai C. Highly biodegradable and bioactive Fe-Pd-bredigite biocomposites prepared by selective laser melting. J Adv Res 2019; 20:91-104. [PMID: 31304046 PMCID: PMC6603336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) has been highly anticipated as a bone implant material owing to the biodegradability and excellent mechanical properties, but limited by the slow degradation and poor bioactivity. In this study, novel Fe-palladium (Pd)-bredigite biocomposites were developed by selective laser melting aiming to improve both the degradation behavior and bioactivity of Fe. The results showed that most Pd formed Pd-rich intermetallic phases (IMPs) with a nearly continuous network while the bredigite phase was distributed at the grain boundaries. In addition, a large amount of much nobler IMPs formed micro-galvanic pairs with the Fe matrix, inducing tremendous micro-galvanic corrosion. The IMPs contained a high amount of Pd2+ with a high reduction potential, which further promoted the efficiency of micro-galvanic corrosion. Moreover, the rapid degradation of bredigite also facilitated the penetration of the corrosion medium. As a result, the Fe-4Pd-5bredigite biocomposite showed a uniform degradation with a rate that is 6 times that of Fe. Furthermore, the developed Fe-Pd-bredigite biocomposites also featured excellent bioactivity, cytocompatibility, and suitable mechanical properties as characterized by the rapid apatite deposition, normal proliferation of human osteoblast-like cells (MG-63), and comparable strength and microhardness with the native bone. Overall, this study opens a new avenue for improving both the degradation and bioactivity of Fe-based composites and may facilitate their applications as biodegradable implants for tissue/organ repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengde Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Meng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Pei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shuping Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, China
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35
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Sasabe E, Tomomura A, Kitamura N, Yamamoto T. Metal nanoparticles-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in human oral keratinocytes is a possible mechanism of oral lichenoid lesions. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 62:104663. [PMID: 31669392 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases and is activated by particulate stimulants. Oral epithelial keratinocytes are frequently exposed to metal nanoparticles. In this study, we examined the effects of gold, silver, and palladium nanoparticles, which are frequently used for dental metal alloys on cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, autophagy, lysosomal functions, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation using the immortalized human oral keratinocyte cell line RT-7. The metal nanoparticles were agglomerated in the membrane vesicles in RT-7 cells and suppressed cell proliferation and increased lactate dehydrogenase activity as well as the proportion of apoptotic cells. Silver and palladium nanoparticles induced autophagy and lysosomal dysfunctions and all metal nanoparticles tested triggered the secretion of IL-1β through caspase-1 activation. Furthermore, the epithelium obtained from patients with oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs) had robust NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and IL-1β-positive keratinocytes and cDNA microarray showed significant elevation in the mRNA levels of NLRP3. These results suggest that internalized metal nanoparticles in oral mucosal epithelial cells activate the NLRP3 inflammasome through the induction of lysosomal damage and autophagy dysfunction. This process may be involved in the pathogenesis of OLL and suggest its potential as an alternative target for OLL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Sasabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.
| | - Ayumi Tomomura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Naoya Kitamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-city, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
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Rice KM, Ginjupalli GK, Manne NDPK, Jones CB, Blough ER. A review of the antimicrobial potential of precious metal derived nanoparticle constructs. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:372001. [PMID: 30840941 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab0d38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The field of nanotechnology is rapidly growing. The promise of pharmacotherapeutics emerging from this vast field has drawn the attention of many researchers. However, with the increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant microorganisms, the manifestations of these promises are needed now more than ever. Many have postulated the antimicrobial potential of nanoparticle constructs derived from precious metals/noble metals nanoparticles (NMNPs), such as silver nanoparticles that show activity against multidrug resistant bacteria. In this review we will evaluate the current studies and explore the data to obtain a clear picture of the potential of these particles and the validity of the claims of drug resistant treatments with NMNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Rice
- Center for Diagnostic Nanosystems, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States of America. Department of Internal Medicine, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States of America. Biotechnology Graduate Program West Virginia State University, Institute, WV, United States of America. Department of Health and Human Service, School of Kinesiology, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States of America
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37
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Kilbas B, Ergen S, Cakici D. Highly Efficient and Reusable Pd/AlO(OH) Catalyzed Synthesis of Acridinedione Derivatives. CURRENT ORGANOCATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2213337206666190701130253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Synthesis of acridinedione derivatives via one-pot multi-component approaches
using highly active and reusable Pd/AlO(OH) heterogenous catalyst was studied. This process
provided a convenient method to obtain various acridinediones with potential biological activities.
The reactions were performed in mild conditions such as low temperature and short reaction
time with desirable yields.
Methods:
Commercially available Pd/AlO(OH) nanoparticles characterized by XRD and SEM methods
were afforded for the synthesis of acridinedione derivatives with high yields. Crude products
were analyzed by GC and 1H NMR. The reactions were completed within 1h at 40°C by the assistance
of ultrasound system.
Results:
Optimization of reaction conditions is of critical case for successful synthesis. Solvent, temperature,
time and amount of catalyst were studied. At the end of the experiments, the synthesis of 1
mmol of acridinedione was optimized by using 25 mg of Pd/AlO(OH) NPs, 3 ml of DMF for 60 min
at 40°C in the ultrasound system. An experimental work to check the reusability of the catalyst was
also studied. Pd/Al(O)OH catalyst in the first run was higher than that of the reused catalyst in the
fifth run. ICP-OES analyses showed palladium leaching into the reaction medium was only 1.1%
which is negligible. Nanocatalyst employed a high activity and good reusability.
Conclusion:
A convenient and versatile method was developed for the synthesis of acridinediones in
a mild condition with absolute conversion and high yield using ultrasound system in the presence of
nanocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benan Kilbas
- Moltek A.S. Gebze Organize Sanayi, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Sinem Ergen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Duzce University, 81620 Duzce, Turkey
| | - Davut Cakici
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Duzce University, 81620 Duzce, Turkey
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Leso V, Fontana L, Marinaccio A, Leopold K, Fanali C, Lucchetti D, Sgambato A, Iavicoli I. Sub-chronic palladium nanoparticle effects on the endocrine reproductive system of female Wistar rats: Preliminary data. Toxicol Ind Health 2019; 35:403-409. [PMID: 31131740 DOI: 10.1177/0748233719851702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The technologically interesting properties of palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) allowed their widespread industrial application, although concerns emerged on increasing general and occupational levels of exposure. In this context, to assess the toxicological behavior of Pd-NPs, and particularly their endocrine disruptive potential, has become a public health priority. Therefore, we evaluated Pd-NP impact on the female endocrine reproductive system of Wistar rats sub-chronically treated for 90 days with increasing doses of this xenobiotic (0.12, 1.2, and 12 µg/kg, administered at days 1, 30, and 60 for cumulative doses of 0.36, 3.6, and 36 µg/kg) via the intravenous route. In this regard, we investigated potential alterations in different sex hormone, for example, estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and testosterone, serum concentrations. All treated groups showed significantly greater levels of FSH compared to controls, suggesting a possible impact of Pd-NPs on the regulatory system that controls the normal physiology of female reproductive function. Although relevant, since obtained under sub-chronic, low-dose conditions of exposure resembling those encountered in real-world scenarios, the present results are preliminary and require confirmation as well as identification of the possible underlining molecular mechanisms. From a public and occupational health perspective, implications for the reproductive health of exposed subjects and the next generations of women exposed during their childbearing age or pregnancy should be elucidated. This information is essential to elaborate adequate preventive strategies for assessing and controlling possible Pd-NPs adverse effects on the endocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veruscka Leso
- 1 Department of Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Fontana
- 2 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Italy
| | - Alessandro Marinaccio
- 3 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Unit of Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Rome, Italy
| | - Kerstin Leopold
- 4 Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Caterina Fanali
- 5 Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Lucchetti
- 5 Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sgambato
- 5 Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivo Iavicoli
- 1 Department of Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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39
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Gurunathan S, Qasim M, Park CH, Arsalan Iqbal M, Yoo H, Hwang JH, Uhm SJ, Song H, Park C, Choi Y, Kim JH, Hong K. Cytotoxicity and Transcriptomic Analyses of Biogenic Palladium Nanoparticles in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells (SKOV3). NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9050787. [PMID: 31121951 PMCID: PMC6566439 DOI: 10.3390/nano9050787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer incidence continues to increase at an alarming rate. Although various therapeutic approaches exist for ovarian cancer, they have limitations, including undesired side effects. Therefore, nanoparticle (NP)-mediated therapy may be a viable, biocompatible, and suitable alternative. To the best of our knowledge, no comprehensive analysis has been undertaken on the cytotoxicity and cellular pathways involved in ovarian cancer cells, particularly SKOV3 cells. Here, we investigated the effect of palladium NPs (PdNPs) and the molecular mechanisms and cellular pathways involved in ovarian cancer. We assayed cell viability, proliferation, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis and performed an RNA-Seq analysis. The results showed that PdNPs elicited concentration-dependent decreases in cell viability and proliferation and induced increasing cytotoxicity at increasing concentrations, as determined by leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, increased levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, and decreased levels of antioxidants like glutathione and superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, our study revealed that PdNPs induce mitochondrial dysfunction by altering mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing adenosine triphosphate levels, inducing DNA damage, and activating caspase 3, all of which significantly induced apoptosis in SKOV3 cells following PdNPs treatment. Gene ontology (GO) term analysis of PdNPs-exposed SKOV3 cells showed various dysregulated pathways, particularly nucleosome assembly, telomere organization, and rDNA chromatin silencing. When genes downregulated by PdNPs were applied to GO term enrichment analysis, nucleosome assembly was the top-ranked biological pathway. We also provide evidence for an association between PdNPs exposure and multiple layers of epigenetic transcriptional control and establish a molecular basis for NP-mediated apoptosis. These findings provide a foundation, potential targets, and novel insights into the mechanism underlying toxicity and pathways in SKOV3 cells, and open new avenues to identify novel targets for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Chan Hyeok Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Muhammad Arsalan Iqbal
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Hyunjin Yoo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jeong Ho Hwang
- Animal Model Research Group, Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baekhak1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
| | - Sang Jun Uhm
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Sangji Youngseo College, Wonju 26339, Korea.
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Youngsok Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Kwonho Hong
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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40
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Zhao H, Zhao L, Wang Z, Xi W, Dibaba ST, Wang S, Shi L, Sun L. Heterogeneous growth of palladium nanocrystals on upconversion nanoparticles for multimodal imaging and photothermal therapy. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00317g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Based on the heterogeneous growth of nano-palladium on UCNPs, a new kind of nanocomposite was developed that can be used for dual-imaging guided photothermal therapy. This smart strategy provides new insights for future development of materials based on the multicomponent nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zhao
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, and School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, and School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea & Special Glass Key Lab of Hainan Province, Hainan University
- Haikou 570228
- China
| | - Wensong Xi
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Solomon Tiruneh Dibaba
- Physics Department, International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Shuhan Wang
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, and School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Liyi Shi
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, and School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Lining Sun
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, and School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
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41
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Gostin PF, Addison O, Morrell AP, Zhang Y, Cook AJMC, Liens A, Stoica M, Ignatyev K, Street SR, Wu J, Chiu YL, Davenport AJ. In Situ Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction Characterization of Corrosion Products of a Ti-Based Metallic Glass for Implant Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800338. [PMID: 30221474 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ti-based bulk metallic glasses are under consideration for implants due to their high yield strength and biocompatibility. In this work, in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to investigate the corrosion products formed from corrosion of Ti40 Zr10 Cu34 Pd14 Sn2 bulk metallic glass in artificial corrosion pits in physiological saline (NaCl). It is found that Pd nanoparticles form in the interior of the pits during electrochemical dissolution. At a low pit growth potential, the change in lattice parameter of the Pd nanoparticles is consistent with the formation of palladium hydride. In addition, a salt layer very close to the dissolving interface is found to contain CuCl, PdCl2 , ZrOCl2 ∙8H2 O, Cu, Cu2 O, and several unidentified phases. The formation of Pd nanoparticles (16 ± 10 nm at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl) containing small amounts of the other alloying elements is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The addition of albumin and/or H2 O2 does not significantly influence the nature of the corrosion products. When considering the biological compatibility of the alloy, the biological reactivity of the corrosion products identified should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petre Flaviu Gostin
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Owen Addison
- School of Dentistry; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | | | - Yue Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Angus J. M. C. Cook
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Alethea Liens
- Université de Lyon; INSA-Lyon; Laboratoire MATEIS; UMR CNRS 5510; 20 Avenue Albert Einstein 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Mihai Stoica
- Laboratory of Metal Physics and Technology; Department of Materials; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Konstantin Ignatyev
- Diamond Light Source; Harwell Science and Innovation Campus; Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0DE UK
| | - Steven R. Street
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Yu-Lung Chiu
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Alison J. Davenport
- School of Metallurgy and Materials; University of Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
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