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Ren F, Wang L, Wang Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Song X, Zhang G, Nie F, Lin S. Single-cell transcriptome profiles the heterogeneity of tumor cells and microenvironments for different pathological endometrial cancer and identifies specific sensitive drugs. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:571. [PMID: 39112478 PMCID: PMC11306564 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06960-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy characterized by varied pathology and prognoses, and the heterogeneity of its cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains poorly understood. We conducted single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on 18 EC samples, encompassing various pathological types to delineate their specific unique transcriptional landscapes. Cancer cells from diverse pathological sources displayed distinct hallmarks labeled as immune-modulating, proliferation-modulating, and metabolism-modulating cancer cells in uterine clear cell carcinomas (UCCC), well-differentiated endometrioid endometrial carcinomas (EEC-I), and uterine serous carcinomas (USC), respectively. Cancer cells from the UCCC exhibited the greatest heterogeneity. We also identified potential effective drugs and confirmed their effectiveness using patient-derived EC organoids for each pathological group. Regarding the TME, we observed that prognostically favorable CD8+ Tcyto and NK cells were prominent in normal endometrium, whereas CD4+ Treg, CD4+ Tex, and CD8+ Tex cells dominated the tumors. CXCL3+ macrophages associated with M2 signature and angiogenesis were exclusively found in tumors. Prognostically relevant epithelium-specific cancer-associated fibroblasts (eCAFs) and SOD2+ inflammatory CAFs (iCAFs) predominated in EEC-I and UCCC groups, respectively. We also validated the oncogenic effects of SOD2+ iCAFs in vitro. Our comprehensive study has yielded deeper insights into the pathogenesis of EC, potentially facilitating personalized treatments for its varied pathological types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Lingfang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuyouye Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiaxuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanpei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaole Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangfang Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shitong Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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Remmerie M, Dok R, Wang Z, Omella JD, Alen S, Cokelaere C, Lenaerts L, Dreesen E, Nuyts S, Derua R, Janssens V. The PPP2R1A cancer hotspot mutant p.R183W increases clofarabine resistance in uterine serous carcinoma cells by a gain-of-function mechanism. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00963-5. [PMID: 38888850 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00963-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is generally associated with poor prognosis due to a high recurrence rate and frequent treatment resistance; hence, there is a need for improved therapeutic strategies. Molecular analysis of USC identified several molecular markers, useful to improve current treatments or identify new druggable targets. PPP2R1A, encoding the Aα subunit of the tumor suppressive Ser/Thr phosphatase PP2A, is mutated in up to 40% of USCs. Here, we investigated the effect of the p.R183W PPP2R1A hotspot variant on treatment response to the nucleoside analogue clofarabine. METHODS AND RESULTS USC cells stably expressing p.R183W Aα showed increased resistance to clofarabine treatment in vitro and, corroborated by decreased clofarabine-induced apoptosis, G1 phase arrest, DNA-damage (γH2AX) and activation of ATM and Chk1/2 kinases. Phenotypic rescue by pharmacologic PP2A inhibition or dicer-substrate siRNA (dsiRNA)-mediated B56δ subunit knockdown supported a gain-of-function mechanism of Aα p.R183W, promoting dephosphorylation and inactivation of deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), the cellular enzyme responsible for the conversion of clofarabine into its bioactive form. Therapeutic assessment of related nucleoside analogues (gemcitabine, cladribine) revealed similar effects, but in a cell line-dependent manner. Expression of two other PPP2R1A USC mutants (p.P179R or p.S256F) did not affect clofarabine response in our cell models, arguing for mutant-specific effects on treatment outcome as well. CONCLUSIONS While our results call for PPP2R1A mutant and context-dependent effects upon clofarabine/nucleoside analogue monotherapy, combining clofarabine with a pharmacologic PP2A inhibitor proved synergistically in all tested conditions, highlighting a new generally applicable strategy to improve treatment outcome in USC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Remmerie
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Gasthuisberg O&N1, Herestraat 49, PO-box 901, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Rüveyda Dok
- KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Judit Domènech Omella
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Gasthuisberg O&N1, Herestraat 49, PO-box 901, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Sophie Alen
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Gasthuisberg O&N1, Herestraat 49, PO-box 901, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Célie Cokelaere
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Gasthuisberg O&N1, Herestraat 49, PO-box 901, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Lisa Lenaerts
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Gasthuisberg O&N1, Herestraat 49, PO-box 901, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Erwin Dreesen
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Sandra Nuyts
- KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Rita Derua
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Gasthuisberg O&N1, Herestraat 49, PO-box 901, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
- SybioMA, Proteomics Core Facility, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Gasthuisberg O&N1, Herestraat 49, PO-box 901, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium.
- KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, B-3000, Belgium.
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Bostan IS, Mihaila M, Roman V, Radu N, Neagu MT, Bostan M, Mehedintu C. Landscape of Endometrial Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Target Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2027. [PMID: 38893147 PMCID: PMC11171255 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is one the most prevalent gynecological cancers and, unfortunately, has a poor prognosis due to low response rates to traditional treatments. However, the progress in molecular biology and understanding the genetic mechanisms involved in tumor processes offers valuable information that has led to the current classification that describes four molecular subtypes of endometrial cancer. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancers, such as genetic mutations, defects in the DNA mismatch repair pathway, epigenetic changes, or dysregulation in angiogenic or hormonal signaling pathways. The preclinical genomic and molecular investigations presented allowed for the identification of some molecules that could be used as biomarkers to diagnose, predict, and monitor the progression of endometrial cancer. Besides the therapies known in clinical practice, targeted therapy is described as a new cancer treatment that involves identifying specific molecular targets in tumor cells. By selectively inhibiting these targets, key signaling pathways involved in cancer progression can be disrupted while normal cells are protected. The connection between molecular biomarkers and targeted therapy is vital in the fight against cancer. Ongoing research and clinical trials are exploring the use of standard therapy agents in combination with other treatment strategies like immunotherapy and anti-angiogenesis therapy to improve outcomes and personalize treatment for patients with endometrial cancer. This approach has the potential to transform the management of cancer patients. In conclusion, enhancing molecular tools is essential for stratifying the risk and guiding surgery, adjuvant therapy, and cancer treatment for women with endometrial cancer. In addition, the information from this review may have an essential value in the personalized therapy approach for endometrial cancer to improve the patient's life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirela Mihaila
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Center of Immunology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (M.M.); (V.R.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Titu Maiorescu University, 040314 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viviana Roman
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Center of Immunology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (M.M.); (V.R.)
| | - Nicoleta Radu
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
- Biotechnology Department, National Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry R&D of Bucharest, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Teodora Neagu
- Department of Immunology, ‘Victor Babes’ National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Marinela Bostan
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Center of Immunology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (M.M.); (V.R.)
- Department of Immunology, ‘Victor Babes’ National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Claudia Mehedintu
- Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 011132 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-S.B.); (C.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 050471 Bucharest, Romania
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Huang Z, Shen F, Chen J, Xie B, Chen X, Zhao Y, Chen S. LncRNA linc01194 promotes the progress of endometrial carcinoma by up-regulating SOX2 through binding to IGF2BP1. J Gynecol Oncol 2024; 35:e21. [PMID: 38072399 PMCID: PMC10948988 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2024.35.e21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is one of the most common gynecological malignant tumors. Our study showed that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) linc01194 plays an important role in EC. We explored the mechanism of lncRNA linc01194 in EC. METHODS The expression of lncRNA linc01194 was detected in The Cancer Genome Atlas database and starBase database. The potential targeted protein of linc01194 was predicted through the starBase database. To determine the role of linc01194 in EC, we downregulated or upregulated the level of linc01194 in EC cell lines and analyzed the cell behaviors and the changes of its potential target proteins. RESULTS The expression of linc01194 in EC tissues is higher than that in normal endometrial tissues. The knockdown of linc01194 inhibited the cell proliferation, invasion and migration and promoted the apoptosis of EC cells, while overexpression of linc01194 promoted cell proliferation, invasion and migration and inhibited the apoptosis of EC cells. The starBase database revealed that linc01194 could bind to insulin-like growth factor 2 binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1). Previous results showed that in EC, IGF2BP1 could promote the expression of sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) by promoting the stability of SOX2 mRNA. Our results showed that linc01194 regulate the expression of IGF2BP1 and SOX2. CONCLUSION Linc01194 can promote the expression of downstream protein SOX2 through binding to IGF2BP1, thus promoting the occurrence and development of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bumin Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Madabhushi A, Azarianpour-Esfahani S, Khalighi S, Aggarwal A, Viswanathan V, Fu P, Avril S. Computational Image and Molecular Analysis Reveal Unique Prognostic Features of Immune Architecture in African Versus European American Women with Endometrial Cancer. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3622429. [PMID: 38234757 PMCID: PMC10793492 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3622429/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) disproportionately affects African American (AA) women in terms of progression and death. In our study, we sought to employ computerized image and bioinformatic analysis to tease out morphologic and molecular differences in EC between AA and European-American (EA) populations. We identified the differences in immune cell spatial patterns between AA and EA populations with markers of tumor biology, including histologic and molecular subtypes. The models performed best when they were trained and validated using data from the same population. Unsupervised clustering revealed a distinct association between immune cell features and known molecular subtypes of endometrial cancer that varied between AA and EA populations. Our genomic analysis revealed two distinct and novel gene sets with mutations associated with improved prognosis in AA and EA patients. Our study findings suggest the need for population-specific risk prediction models for women with endometrial cancer.
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Yang P, Chai Y, Wei M, Ge Y, Xu F. Mechanism of salidroside in the treatment of endometrial cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14114. [PMID: 37644107 PMCID: PMC10465614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Salidroside is a natural product of phenols, which has a wide scape of pharmacological effects, but its pharmacological effects and molecular mechanism on endometrial cancer are not clear. To systematically explore the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of salidroside on endometrial cancer through the method of network pharmacology. The possible target genes of salidroside were obtained through different pharmacological databases and analysis platforms, and then the relevant target genes of endometrial cancer were obtained through the GeneCards website, and the target genes were uniformly converted into standardized gene names with Uniprot. The collected data were then processed to obtain common target genes and further analyzed through the String website to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, followed by gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) pathway analysis. We further interpreted the molecular mechanism of salidroside for the treatment of endometrial cancer by constructing a "drug component-target gene-disease" network. Finally, we performed molecular docking to validate the binding conformation between salidroside and the candidate target genes. There were 175 target genes of salidroside after normalization, among which 113 target genes interacted with endometrial cancer. GO analysis indicated that the anti-endometrial cancer effect of salidroside may be strongly related to biological processes such as apoptosis and response to drug. KEGG analysis indicated that its mechanism may be related to pathway in cancer and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed that salidroside had high affinity with five key genes. Based on the novel network pharmacology and molecular docking validation research methods, we have revealed for the first time the potential mechanism of salidroside in the therapy of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihong Chai
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feixue Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Do Not Forget about Hormonal Therapy for Recurrent Endometrial Cancer: A Review of Options, Updates, and New Combinations. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061799. [PMID: 36980685 PMCID: PMC10046539 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hormonal therapy has long been a treatment modality for recurrent endometrial cancer. It is appealing for patients with low-grade, slow-growing tumors or in patients for which other treatment types may be too toxic. Hormonal therapy is well tolerated and has response rates ranging from 9 to 33%. Hormonal treatment options take advantage of the estrogen-dependent molecular pathways in endometrial cancers. Current options for hormonal therapies include progesterone therapy (medroxyprogesterone acetate and megestrol acetate) as a single agent or in combination and agents that target the estrogen pathway. Aromatase inhibitors have had modest single-agent activity, but synergistic effects have been found when used in combination with targeted therapy including mTOR inhibitors and cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors. Molecular profiling of endometrial cancers has begun to help individualize treatments. This review will report on existing data and ongoing trials investigating novel hormonal therapy agents.
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Ran X, Yang H, Yu XQ, Lu L, Wang Y, Ji JS, Xu M, Wei W, Li B, Zeng H. Patterns and trends in the cause of death for patients with endometrial cancer. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2023; 7:pkac082. [PMID: 36420983 PMCID: PMC9808774 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkac082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial disparities in endometrial cancer have been reported in the United States, but trends and the underlying causes are not well understood. We aimed to examine the trends and contributing factors in racial disparities for causes of death among endometrial cancer patients. METHOD In this population-based cohort study, we identified 139 473 women diagnosed with first, primary endometrial cancer between 1992 to 2018 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. We used the "Fine and Gray" method to calculate the cumulative incidence of all-cause and specific-cause death. We used proportional subdistribution hazard (PSH) and cause-specific hazard (CSH) models to quantify the relative risk of Black-White disparities. We performed a mediation analysis to assess the contribution of potential factors to disparities. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of all-cause death decreased in endometrial cancer patients, with estimates at 5 years of 26.72% in 1992-1996 and 22.59% in 2007-2011. Compared with White patients, Black patients persistently had an increased risk of death due to endometrial cancer (PSH hazard ratio [HR] = 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.90 to 2.22; CSH HR = 2.19, 95% CI = 2.00 to 2.40) and causes other than endometrial cancer (PSH HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.10 to 1.37; CSH HR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.31 to 1.63). Grade, histological subtype, surgery utilization, and stage at diagnosis explained 24.4%, 20.1%, 18.4%, and 16.6% of the Black-White disparity in all-cause death, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Although the cumulative incidence of all-cause death decreased, the Black-White gaps persisted in patients with endometrial cancer. Grade and histological subtype had the greatest influence. More efforts are needed to address the disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Ran
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huansong Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Qin Yu
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yixin Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John S Ji
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyuan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Hebei Medical University/Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenqiang Wei
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Tresa A, Sambasivan S, Rema P, Dinesh D, Sivaranjith J, Nair SP, Mathew A, Ammu JV, Kumar A. Clinical Profile and Survival Outcome of Endometrial Cancer with p53 Mutation. Indian J Surg Oncol 2022; 13:580-586. [PMID: 36187514 PMCID: PMC9515295 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-022-01523-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinicopathologic classification of endometrial cancer imperfectly reflects the tumor biology. Pathologic categorization - especially in high-grade tumors - results in an imprecise estimation of the risk of disease, recurrence, and death. Molecular subtyping is emerging as the standard of care in diagnosis and treatment of endometrial cancers. Molecular markers are important prognostic factors in tumor dissemination and early recurrence of endometrial cancers. TP53 mutation is an important prognostic factor for both serous and endometrioid cancers. The study aims to compare the clinical profile and overall survival of endometrial cancers with and without p53 mutation. Sixty-three patients who underwent surgical staging for carcinoma endometrium were included in the study.TP53 mutation status was determined based on p53 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a p53 wild or p53 mutant type. Data were analyzed for the clinical profile, p53 mutation status on IHC, histological pattern, tumor grade, stage of the disease, lymph node spread, recurrence pattern, treatment received, 2-year disease-free survival, and overall survival. Recurrence was noted in 12.7% patients after 2-year follow-up, of which 75% patients had p53 mutation. Significant association was seen between p53 expression and high-grade tumors, stage, cervical involvement, and adnexal involvement. The 2-year overall survival of the p53 wild type was 97.2% and the p53 mutant type was 91.7%. The 2-year disease-free survival for the p53 wild type was 94.3% and the disease-free survival of the p53 mutant variety was 83.5%. The 2-year disease-free survival for endometrioid carcinoma with p53 wild type was 100% and p53 mutant variety was 86.2% (p value 0.033). About 15.9% (10) patients were reassigned to the high-risk group needing chemotherapy and radiation according to the ESGO ESTRO 2021 consensus classification, due to their p53 mutation status. IHC to assess somatic p53 mutation may be done in endometrial biopsies irrespective of their histology. This may help to identify that the aggressive tumors thereby help in tailoring surgery, planning adjuvant treatment, and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anila Tresa
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - Suchetha Sambasivan
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - P. Rema
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - Dhanya Dinesh
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - J. Sivaranjith
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - Sindhu P. Nair
- Department of Pathology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - Aleyamma Mathew
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - J. V. Ammu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
| | - Aswin Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala India
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Huo XL, Wang SF, Yang Q, Yu XL, Gu T, Hua HX, Yang M, Bai LL, Zhang XL. Diagnostic and prognostic value of genomic instability-derived long non-coding RNA signature of endometrial cancer. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 61:96-101. [PMID: 35181055 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether genomic instability (GI)-derived long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a prognostic impact on the patients with endometrial cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) were selected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Systematic bioinformatics analyses were performed, including Pearson correlations, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, bivariate and multiple logistic regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier (KM) method. RESULTS A total of 552 UCEC samples were included in the study. The differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were identified, including 79 down-regulated lncRNAs and 31 up-regulated lncRNAs. Bivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 19 GI-derived lncRNAs were prognostic factors. By further multivariate logistic regression analysis, AC005256.1 (estimated coefficient = -0.474), AC026336.3 (estimated coefficient = -0.030), AL161618.1 (estimated coefficient = -1.661), and BX322234.1 (estimated coefficient = 1.511) were used to construct a prognostic risk model. In the train set and test set, the risk model was shown to have both a high prognostic and a diagnostic value. CONCLUSION We developed a novel GI-derived 4-lncRNA signature for the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer. These findings offered a novel perspective in the clinical management of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Long Huo
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao City, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China.
| | - Shu-Fang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao City, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Tao Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao City, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Hai-Xia Hua
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao City, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Li-Li Bai
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao City, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao City, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
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LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axes in endometrial cancer: a comprehensive overview. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2022; 306:1431-1447. [PMID: 35182183 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06423-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent research on tumorigenesis and progression has opened up an array of novel molecular mechanisms in the form of interactions between cellular non-coding RNAs (long non-coding RNA[lncRNA]/microRNA [miRNA]) and coding transcripts that regulate health and disease. Endometrial cancer (EC) is a prominent gynecological malignancy with a high incidence rate and poorly known etiology and prognostic factors that hinder the success of disease management. The emerging role of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions and their dysregulation in the pathophysiology of EC has been elucidated in many recent studies. METHODS A thorough literature review was conducted to explore information about lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axes in EC. RESULTS Several lncRNAs act as molecular sponges that sequester various tumor suppressor miRNAs to inhibit their function, leading to the dysregulation of their target mRNA transcripts that contribute to the EC regulation. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes these networks of molecular mechanisms and their contribution to different aspects of endometrial carcinogenesis, leading to a better conceptualization of the molecular pathways that underlie the disease and helping establish novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic intervention points to aid the curative intent of EC.
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Boroń D, Zmarzły N, Wierzbik-Strońska M, Rosińczuk J, Mieszczański P, Grabarek BO. Recent Multiomics Approaches in Endometrial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031237. [PMID: 35163161 PMCID: PMC8836055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancers in developed countries. Many of the mechanisms involved in its initiation and progression remain unclear. Analysis providing comprehensive data on the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and epigenome could help in selecting molecular markers and targets in endometrial cancer. Multiomics approaches can reveal disturbances in multiple biological systems, giving a broader picture of the problem. However, they provide a large amount of data that require processing and further integration prior to analysis. There are several repositories of multiomics datasets, including endometrial cancer data, as well as portals allowing multiomics data analysis and visualization, including Oncomine, UALCAN, LinkedOmics, and miRDB. Multiomics approaches have also been applied in endometrial cancer research in order to identify novel molecular markers and therapeutic targets. This review describes in detail the latest findings on multiomics approaches in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Boroń
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (N.Z.); (M.W.-S.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (B.O.G.)
| | - Nikola Zmarzły
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (N.Z.); (M.W.-S.)
| | - Magdalena Wierzbik-Strońska
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (N.Z.); (M.W.-S.)
| | - Joanna Rosińczuk
- Katedra Ošetrovatel’stva, Fakulta Zdravotníckych Odborov, Prešovská Univerzita v Prešove, Partizánska 1, 08001 Prešov, Slovakia;
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Department of Clinical Nursing, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Mieszczański
- Hospital of Ministry of Interior and Administration, 40-052 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Beniamin Oskar Grabarek
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (N.Z.); (M.W.-S.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (B.O.G.)
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Hong JH, Cho HW, Ouh YT, Lee JK, Chun Y, Gim JA. Genomic landscape of advanced endometrial cancer analyzed by targeted next-generation sequencing and the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) dataset. J Gynecol Oncol 2022; 33:e29. [PMID: 35128859 PMCID: PMC9024183 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2022.33.e29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Recent studies have detailed the genomic landscape of endometrial cancer (EC); however, no study has focused on genetic alterations in advanced EC. We performed genomic profiling of patients with advanced EC using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS). Methods Archival tissue samples from 21 patients diagnosed with stage III and IV EC were obtained and subjected to NGS. Our data and the cancer genome atlas dataset were combined, and somatic mutation patterns were analyzed and compared according to the stage and histological type. Additionally, survival effects of specific mutated genes were analyzed. Results Somatic mutation patterns of 38 genes were identified in 263 EC samples, and the most commonly mutated genes were PTEN and PIK3CA. PTEN was the most common in endometrioid histology, while PPP2R1A was the most commonly mutated gene in serous histology. The mutation rates of PPP2R1A and TP53 were significantly higher in advanced EC sample than in stage I samples (22.5% vs. 4.3% [p<0.001] and 8.4% vs. 1.4% [p=0.021], respectively). Survival analysis of the total population and endometrioid subgroup revealed that patients with PPP2R1A mutations had significantly shorter survival than did those without mutations (p=0.005 and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion PPP2R1A mutations might have a role in dismal prognosis of advanced EC. Both PPP2R1A and TP53 mutations were significantly higher in stage III/IV than in stage I EC samples. Mutated PPP2R1A and TP53 were associated with decreased survival rate. PPP2R1A and TP53 mutations might contribute to poor oncological outcomes in patients with stage III/IV EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hwa Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Woong Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yung-Taek Ouh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jae Kwan Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yikyeong Chun
- Department of Pathology, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-An Gim
- Medical Science Research Center, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ye Y, Li H, Bian J, Wang L, Wang Y, Huang H. Exploring Prognosis-Associated Biomarkers of Estrogen-Independent Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma by Bioinformatics Analysis. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:9067-9081. [PMID: 34876842 PMCID: PMC8643178 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s341345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is one of the most common female cancers with high incidence and mortality rates. In particular, the prognosis of type II UCEC is poorer than that of type I. However, the molecular mechanism underlying type II UCEC remains unclear. Methods RNA-seq data and corresponding clinical information on UCEC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, which were then separated into mRNA, lncRNA, and miRNA gene expression profile matrix to perform differentially expressed gene analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify key modules associated with different UCEC subtypes based on mRNA and lncRNA expression matrix. Following that, a subtype-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network was constructed. In addition, GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway analysis were performed on subtype-related DE mRNAs, and STRING database was utilized to predict the interaction network between proteins and their biological functions. The key mRNAs were validated at the protein and gene expression levels in endometrial cancerous tissues as compared with normal tissues. Results In summary, we identified 4611 mRNA, 3568 lncRNAs, and 47 miRNAs as differentially expressed between endometrial cancerous tissues and normal endometrial tissues. WGCNA demonstrated that 72 mRNAs and 55 lncRNAs were correlated with pathological subtypes. In the constructed ceRNA regulatory network, LINC02418, RASGRF1, and GCNT1 were screened for their association with poor prognosis of type II UCEC. These DE mRNAs were linked to Wnt signaling pathway, and lower expression of LEF1 and NKD1 predicted advanced clinical stages and worse prognosis of UCEC patients. Conclusion This study revealed five prognosis-associated biomarkers that can be used to predict the worst prognosis of type II UCEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youchun Ye
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfeng Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Bian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangfei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315040, People's Republic of China
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Hsin IL, Shen HP, Chang HY, Ko JL, Wang PH. Suppression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR/c-Myc/mtp53 Positive Feedback Loop Induces Cell Cycle Arrest by Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor PQR309 in Endometrial Cancer Cell Lines. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112916. [PMID: 34831139 PMCID: PMC8616154 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene mutations in PIK3CA, PIK3R1, KRAS, PTEN, and PPP2R1A commonly detected in type I endometrial cancer lead to PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation. Bimiralisib (PQR309), an orally bioavailable selective dual inhibitor of PI3K and mTOR, has been studied in preclinical models and clinical trials. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anticancer effect of PQR309 on endometrial cancer cells. PQR309 decreased cell viability in two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture models. PQR309 induced G1 cell cycle arrest and little cell death in endometrial cancer cell lines. It decreased CDK6 expression and increased p27 expression. Using the Proteome Profiler Human XL Oncology Array and Western blot assay, the dual inhibitor could inhibit the expressions of c-Myc and mtp53. KJ-Pyr-9, a c-Myc inhibitor, was used to prove the role of c-Myc in endometrial cancer survival and regulating the expression of mtp53. Knockdown of mtp53 lowered cell proliferation, Akt/mTOR pathway activity, and the expressions of c-Myc. mtp53 silence enhanced PQR309-inhibited cell viability, spheroid formation, and the expressions of p-Akt, c-Myc, and CDK6. This is the first study to reveal the novel finding of the PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor in lowering cell viability by abolishing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/c-Myc/mtp53 positive feedback loop in endometrial cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Lun Hsin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (I.-L.H.); (H.-P.S.); (H.-Y.C.); (J.-L.K.)
| | - Huang-Pin Shen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (I.-L.H.); (H.-P.S.); (H.-Y.C.); (J.-L.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Chang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (I.-L.H.); (H.-P.S.); (H.-Y.C.); (J.-L.K.)
| | - Jiunn-Liang Ko
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (I.-L.H.); (H.-P.S.); (H.-Y.C.); (J.-L.K.)
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hui Wang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (I.-L.H.); (H.-P.S.); (H.-Y.C.); (J.-L.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 886-4-24739595 (ext. 21721)
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Czerwiński M, Bednarska-Czerwińska A, Zmarzły N, Boroń D, Oplawski M, Grabarek BO. miRNAs in the Expression Regulation of Dopamine-Related Genes and Proteins in Endometrial Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214939. [PMID: 34768458 PMCID: PMC8584850 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the dopaminergic system leads to many diseases, including cancer. Dopamine and its receptors are involved in the regulation of proliferation, cell death, invasion, and migration. Better understanding of the mechanisms involved in these processes could reveal new molecular markers and therapeutic targets. The aim of this study was to determine the expression profile of dopamine-related genes and proteins in endometrial cancer and to assess whether miRNAs are involved in its regulation. Sixty women were recruited for the study: 30 with endometrial cancer and 30 without cancer. The expression profiles of dopamine-related genes were determined in endometrial tissue samples using microarrays and qRT-PCR. Then, protein concentration was determined with the ELISA test. In the last step, miRNA detection was performed using microarrays. The matching of miRNAs to the studied genes was carried out using the TargetScan tool. The analysis showed DRD2 and DRD3 overexpression, with a reduction in DRD5 expression, which could be due to miR-15a-5p, miR-141-3p, miR-4640-5p, and miR-221-5p activity. High levels of OPRK1 and CXCL12, related to the activity of miR-124-3p.1 and miR-135b-5p, have also been reported. Low COMT expression was probably not associated with miRNA regulation in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Czerwiński
- American Medical Clinic, 40-600 Katowice, Poland
- Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, 40-121 Katowice, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Bednarska-Czerwińska
- Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, 40-121 Katowice, Poland;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Nikola Zmarzły
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (N.Z.); (D.B.); (B.O.G.)
| | - Dariusz Boroń
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (N.Z.); (D.B.); (B.O.G.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826 Kraków, Poland;
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, TOMMED Specjalisci od Zdrowia, Fredry 22, 40-662 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marcin Oplawski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Beniamin Oskar Grabarek
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (N.Z.); (D.B.); (B.O.G.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826 Kraków, Poland;
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, TOMMED Specjalisci od Zdrowia, Fredry 22, 40-662 Katowice, Poland
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Czerwiński M, Bednarska-Czerwińska A, Zmarzły N, Boroń D, Oplawski M, Grabarek BO. Evaluation of the Differences in the Expression of Biogenic Amine-Related mRNAs and Proteins in Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214872. [PMID: 34768392 PMCID: PMC8584663 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biogenic amines, such as adrenaline, noradrenaline, histamine, dopamine, and serotonin are important neurotransmitters that also regulate cell viability. Their detection and analysis are helpful in the diagnosis of many diseases, including cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the expression profile of the biogenic amine-related genes and proteins in endometrioid endometrial cancer compared to the control group. The material consisted of endometrial tissue samples and whole blood collected from 30 endometrioid endometrial cancer patients and 30 cancer-free patients. The gene expression was determined by the mRNA microarrays and validated by qRT-PCR. Protein levels were determined in the serum by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Overexpression of histamine H1–H3 receptors and early growth response 1 and silencing of calmodulin, the histamine H4 receptor, and the dopamine D5 receptor have been reported in endometrioid endometrial cancer. The obtained results indicate disturbances in the signaling activated by histamine and dopamine receptors, which could potentially contribute to the progression of endometrioid endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Czerwiński
- American Medical Clinic, 40-600 Katowice, Poland
- Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, 40-121 Katowice, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Bednarska-Czerwińska
- Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, 40-121 Katowice, Poland;
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (N.Z.); (D.B.); (B.O.G.)
| | - Nikola Zmarzły
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (N.Z.); (D.B.); (B.O.G.)
| | - Dariusz Boroń
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (N.Z.); (D.B.); (B.O.G.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826 Kraków, Poland;
- Departament of Gynecology and Obstetrics, TOMMED Specjalisci od Zdrowia, Fredry 22, 40-662 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marcin Oplawski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Beniamin Oskar Grabarek
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (N.Z.); (D.B.); (B.O.G.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826 Kraków, Poland;
- Departament of Gynecology and Obstetrics, TOMMED Specjalisci od Zdrowia, Fredry 22, 40-662 Katowice, Poland
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Amide proton transfer imaging in differentiation of type II and type I endometrial carcinoma: a pilot study. Jpn J Radiol 2021; 40:184-191. [PMID: 34524610 PMCID: PMC8803769 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-021-01197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of amide proton transfer (APT) imaging in differentiation of type II and type I uterine endometrial carcinoma. Materials and methods Thirty-three patients diagnosed with uterine endometrial carcinoma, including 24 with type I and 9 with type II carcinomas, underwent APT imaging. Two readers evaluated the magnetization transfer ratio at 3.5 ppm [MTRasym (3.5 ppm)] in each type of carcinoma. The average MTRasym (APTmean) and the maximum MTRasym (APTmax) were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed. Results The APTmax was significantly higher in type II carcinomas than in type I carcinomas (reader1, p = 0.004; reader 2, p = 0.014; respectively). However, APTmean showed no significant difference between type I and II carcinomas. Based on the results reported by reader 1, the area under the curve (AUC) pertaining to the APTmax for distinguishing type I from type II carcinomas was 0.826, with a cut-off, sensitivity, and specificity of 9.90%, 66.7%, and 91.3%, respectively. Moreover, based on the results reported by reader 2, the AUC was 0.750, with a cut-off, sensitivity, and specificity of 9.80%, 62.5%, and 87.5%, respectively. Conclusion APT imaging has the potential to determine the type of endometrial cancer.
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Baiden-Amissah REM, Annibali D, Tuyaerts S, Amant F. Endometrial Cancer Molecular Characterization: The Key to Identifying High-Risk Patients and Defining Guidelines for Clinical Decision-Making? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3988. [PMID: 34439142 PMCID: PMC8391655 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinomas (EC) are the sixth most common cancer in women worldwide and the most prevalent in the developed world. ECs have been historically sub-classified in two major groups, type I and type II, based primarily on histopathological characteristics. Notwithstanding the usefulness of such classification in the clinics, until now it failed to adequately stratify patients preoperatively into low- or high-risk groups. Pieces of evidence point to the fact that molecular features could also serve as a base for better patients' risk stratification and treatment decision-making. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), back in 2013, redefined EC into four main molecular subgroups. Despite the high hopes that welcomed the possibility to incorporate molecular features into practice, currently they have not been systematically applied in the clinics. Here, we outline how the emerging molecular patterns can be used as prognostic factors together with tumor histopathology and grade, and how they can help to identify high-risk EC subpopulations for better risk stratification and treatment strategy improvement. Considering the importance of the use of preclinical models in translational research, we also discuss how the new patient-derived models can help in identifying novel potential targets and help in treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Annibali
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven (University of Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.E.M.B.-A.); (D.A.)
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Frederic Amant
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven (University of Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (R.E.M.B.-A.); (D.A.)
- Centre for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek-Netherlands Cancer Institute (Avl-NKI), University Medical Centre (UMC), 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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20
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Expression Pattern of Leptin and Its Receptors in Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132787. [PMID: 34202922 PMCID: PMC8268664 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of novel molecular markers and the development of cancer treatment strategies are very important as cancer incidence is still very high. Obesity can contribute to cancer progression, including endometrial cancer. Adipocytes secrete leptin, which, when at a high level, is associated with an increased risk of cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the expression profile of leptin-related genes in the endometrial tissue samples and whole blood of patients. The study material included tissue samples and whole blood collected from 30 patients with endometrial cancer and 30 without cancer. Microarrays were used to assess the expression profile of leptin-related genes. Then, the expression of leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEPR), leptin receptor overlapping transcript (LEPROT), and leptin receptor overlapping transcript-like 1 (LEPROTL1) was determined by the Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription Reaction (RT-qPCR). The serum leptin concentration was evaluated using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Leptin and its receptors were overexpressed both at the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, there were strong positive correlations between leptin levels and patient Body Mass Index (BMI). Elevated levels of leptin and its receptors may potentially contribute to the progression of endometrial cancer. These observations may be useful in designing endometrial cancer treatment strategies.
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21
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Cong R, Kong F, Ma J, Li Q, Yang H, Ma X. The PVT1/miR-612/CENP-H/CDK1 axis promotes malignant progression of advanced endometrial cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1480-1502. [PMID: 33948369 PMCID: PMC8085881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study introduced the oncogenic role of the long non-coding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) in endometrial cancer (EC). In this study, we aimed to construct a PVT1-centered competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network to outline a regulatory axis that might promote the malignant progression of advanced EC. Raw Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) datasets were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and used for construction of the PVT1-centered ceRNA network. The ceRNA binding sites were established using dual-luciferase assays. FISH assays displayed the co-location of PVT1 and miR-612 in EC cells. Immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, qRT-PCR, and western blots were used to assess the expression of miR-612 and CENP-H in EC tissues, and their functions on biological behaviours were examined by a series of in vitro and in vivo assays. Molecule interactions were illustrated by co-transfection assays. The bioinformatics analysis showed that PVT1/miR-612/CENP-H/CDK1 axis played a vital role in the malignant progression of advanced EC. MiR-612 was downregulated in EC tissues and acted as a tumour suppressor to inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promote cell apoptosis. CENP-H was found overexpressed in EC tissues, and the expression level was correlated to diagnosis and prognosis of EC. Hyperactivated CENP-H promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and inhibited cell apoptosis. Overexpressed CENP-H prevented the anti-tumour effects observed with upregulated miR-612; knockdown of miR-612 also suppressed the anti-tumour effects of downregulated PVT1. Knockdown of PVT1 together with upregulated miR-612 exerted the strongest anti-tumour effects in nude mice. These effects were mediated by CDK1 through modulation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, the PVT1/miR-612/CENP-H/CDK1 axis promoted the malignant progression of advanced EC and could serve as a promising target for potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Cong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Sanhao Street, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanfei Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Sanhao Street, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Sanhao Street, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Sanhao Street, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Sanhao Street, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Sanhao Street, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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22
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Siraj AK, Parvathareddy SK, Annaiyappanaidu P, Siraj N, Al-Rasheed M, Al-Badawi IA, Al-Dayel F, Al-Kuraya KS. PD-L1 Expression Is an Independent Marker for Lymph Node Metastasis in Middle Eastern Endometrial Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030394. [PMID: 33669153 PMCID: PMC7996603 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in endometrial cancer (EC) tumor cells have been reported in several studies with inconsistent results. Furthermore, there is scarcity of data on the prevalence and prognostic significance of PD-L1 expression in EC from Middle Eastern ethnicity. We aimed to assess PD-L1 expression in a large cohort of Middle Eastern EC and to correlate this with clinico-pathological factors, as well as mismatch repair (MMR) protein status and patients’ outcome. PD-L1 expression was investigated using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray in an unselected cohort of 440 EC. Kaplan–Meier and logistic regression analysis were used to compare the outcome and prognostic factors. PD-L1 expression in tumor tissue was detected in 18.9% (83/440) EC cases with no impact on survival. When stratified for MMR protein status, PD-L1 expression was similar for both MMR deficient and MMR proficient ECs. However, the expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells was significantly associated with type II (non-endometrioid) histology (p = 0.0005) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0172). Multivariate analysis showed PD-L1 expression to be an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis (odds ratio: 2.94; 95% CI: 1.26–6.84; p = 0.0123). In conclusion, PD-L1 was strongly associated with non-endometrioid EC and was an independent prognostic marker of lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul K. Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.S.); (S.K.P.); (P.A.); (N.S.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Sandeep Kumar Parvathareddy
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.S.); (S.K.P.); (P.A.); (N.S.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Padmanaban Annaiyappanaidu
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.S.); (S.K.P.); (P.A.); (N.S.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Nabil Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.S.); (S.K.P.); (P.A.); (N.S.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Maha Al-Rasheed
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.S.); (S.K.P.); (P.A.); (N.S.); (M.A.-R.)
| | - Ismail A. Al-Badawi
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fouad Al-Dayel
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khawla S. Al-Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.S.); (S.K.P.); (P.A.); (N.S.); (M.A.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-1-205-5167
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23
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Schepisi G, Casadei C, Toma I, Poti G, Iaia ML, Farolfi A, Conteduca V, Lolli C, Ravaglia G, Brighi N, Altavilla A, Martinelli G, De Giorgi U. Immunotherapy and Its Development for Gynecological (Ovarian, Endometrial and Cervical) Tumors: From Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors to Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cell Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:840. [PMID: 33671294 PMCID: PMC7922040 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecological tumors are malignancies with both high morbidity and mortality. To date, only a few chemotherapeutic agents have shown efficacy against these cancer types (only ovarian cancer responds to several agents, especially platinum-based combinations). Within this context, the discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors has led to numerous clinical studies being carried out that have also demonstrated their activity in these cancer types. More recently, following the development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy in hematological malignancies, this strategy was also tested in solid tumors, including gynecological cancers. In this article, we focus on the molecular basis of gynecological tumors that makes them potential candidates for immunotherapy. We also provide an overview of the main immunotherapy studies divided by tumor type and report on CAR technology and the studies currently underway in the area of gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Schepisi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Chiara Casadei
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Ilaria Toma
- Clinical Oncology, Arcispedale Sant’Anna University Hospital, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Giulia Poti
- Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Laura Iaia
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Farolfi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Vincenza Conteduca
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Cristian Lolli
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Giorgia Ravaglia
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy;
| | - Nicole Brighi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Amelia Altavilla
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
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24
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Kurimchak AM, Kumar V, Herrera-Montávez C, Johnson KJ, Srivastava N, Davarajan K, Peri S, Cai KQ, Mantia-Smaldone GM, Duncan JS. Kinome Profiling of Primary Endometrial Tumors Using Multiplexed Inhibitor Beads and Mass Spectrometry Identifies SRPK1 as Candidate Therapeutic Target. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:2068-2090. [PMID: 32994315 PMCID: PMC7710141 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the United States, with limited effective targeted therapies. Endometrial tumors exhibit frequent alterations in protein kinases, yet only a small fraction of the kinome has been therapeutically explored. To identify kinase therapeutic avenues for EC, we profiled the kinome of endometrial tumors and normal endometrial tissues using Multiplexed Inhibitor Beads and Mass Spectrometry (MIB-MS). Our proteomics analysis identified a network of kinases overexpressed in tumors, including Serine/Arginine-Rich Splicing Factor Kinase 1 (SRPK1). Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of endometrial tumors confirmed MIB-MS findings and showed SRPK1 protein levels were highly expressed in endometrioid and uterine serous cancer (USC) histological subtypes. Moreover, querying large-scale genomics studies of EC tumors revealed high expression of SRPK1 correlated with poor survival. Loss-of-function studies targeting SRPK1 in an established USC cell line demonstrated SRPK1 was integral for RNA splicing, as well as cell cycle progression and survival under nutrient deficient conditions. Profiling of USC cells identified a compensatory response to SRPK1 inhibition that involved EGFR and the up-regulation of IGF1R and downstream AKT signaling. Co-targeting SRPK1 and EGFR or IGF1R synergistically enhanced growth inhibition in serous and endometrioid cell lines, representing a promising combination therapy for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Kurimchak
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Katherine J Johnson
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nishi Srivastava
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karthik Davarajan
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Suraj Peri
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathy Q Cai
- Histopathology Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gina M Mantia-Smaldone
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James S Duncan
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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25
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Marinelli O, Annibali D, Morelli MB, Zeppa L, Tuyaerts S, Aguzzi C, Amantini C, Maggi F, Ferretti B, Santoni G, Amant F, Nabissi M. Biological Function of PD-L2 and Correlation With Overall Survival in Type II Endometrial Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:538064. [PMID: 33194598 PMCID: PMC7656062 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.538064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In cancer, upregulation of coinhibitory B7 ligands has been associated with immune evasion. So far, anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) and anti-PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies have been used in immuno-oncology, with promising outcomes; however, it is still needed to identify other markers, especially for endometrial cancer (EC). EC is a gynecological malignancy historically classified into two types: type I, with mostly estrogen-dependent endometrioid diseases, and the most aggressive type II, including mainly estrogen-independent and non-endometrioid tumors. PD ligand-2 (PD-L2) is known as the second ligand of the PD-1 receptor and, upon its binding, contributes to T-cell exhaustion. Up to now, very few information are available about PD-L2 in cancers, and no data have been reported for EC. The aim of this work was to characterize the PD-L1 and PD-L2 ligand expression profile in EC cell lines, focusing the attention on the biological role of PD-L2 and its prognostic impact in human type II EC biopsies. Using in silico analysis of TCGA data, we performed a molecular profiling in a cohort of 506 patients, both types I and II, and PD-1 ligands expression was also analyzed in different primary human EC cell lines. Moreover, PD-L2 staining was evaluated in a cohort of human type II EC samples and correlated with the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and additional clinicopathological data. From the in silico analysis, PD-L2 was more expressed than PD-L1 in EC cell lines. PD-L2 was found highly expressed in 64.44% of tumor specimens, predominantly in the serous subtype, in both stromal and epithelial components, while in peritumoral and normal tissues it was predominantly moderate or low. In vitro, we investigated the cell autonomous role of PD-L2 in controlling cell survival, migration, and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliviero Marinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.,School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Daniela Annibali
- Gynecological Oncology, Oncology Department and LKI Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Beatrice Morelli
- School of Pharmacy, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Laura Zeppa
- School of Pharmacy, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Gynecological Oncology, Oncology Department and LKI Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cristina Aguzzi
- School of Pharmacy, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Consuelo Amantini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Federica Maggi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Santoni
- School of Pharmacy, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Gynecological Oncology, Oncology Department and LKI Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Centre for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA) Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek-Netherlands Cancer Institute (AvL-NKI) and University Medical Centra (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- School of Pharmacy, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.,Integrative Therapy Discovery Lab, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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26
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Francies FZ, Marima R, Hull R, Molefi T, Dlamini Z. Genomics and splicing events of type II endometrial cancers in the black population: racial disparity, socioeconomic and geographical differences. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:3061-3082. [PMID: 33163258 PMCID: PMC7642673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer, also known as uterine cancer, is the most common gynaecological malignancy with burgeoning incidence and mortality rates globally. Racial disparity, socioeconomic and geographical differences are important determinants of endometrial cancer incidence and mortality. Endometrial cancer is mainly categorised as type I and type II. Although less prevalent, type II is the most aggressive form of the disease and typically diagnosed at a late stage, contributing to higher mortality. Black women are at higher risk of developing aggressive, type II disease. Type I tumours are related to higher levels of circulating estrogen with lower-grade tumours that have a good prognosis and frequently related to PTEN mutations. In comparison, type II tumours are estrogen-independent, typically have poor prognosis and associated with the p53, HER2, PPP2R1A, FBXW7 and PIK3R1 mutations. The risk of developing type II malignancy is higher in women with Lynch syndrome as a result of mutations in the MMR gene family. Genetic modifications contribute to aberrant alternative splicing events that are related to tumour development, progression and resistance to therapy. Alternative splicing events are rapidly emerging as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Type II endometrial cancer lacks targeted therapy and biomarkers for novel therapeutic strategies. Recent advances have illustrated a number of molecular targets that are currently explored for the treatment of advanced, late-stage endometrial cancer. The aim of this review is to outline 1) the epidemiology of type II endometrial cancer in black women, 2) discuss the correlated risk factors that contribute to the development of type II endometrial cancer and 3) the associated molecular mechanisms and genetic factors underlying the disease, and 4) aberrant splicing events and biomarkers with therapeutic potential as novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Zita Francies
- SAMRC/UP Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health SciencesHatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Rahaba Marima
- SAMRC/UP Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health SciencesHatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Rodney Hull
- SAMRC/UP Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health SciencesHatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Thulo Molefi
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health SciencesHatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC/UP Precision Prevention & Novel Drug Targets for HIV-Associated Cancers (PPNDTHAC) Extramural Unit, Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Faculty of Health SciencesHatfield 0028, South Africa
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27
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Megino-Luque C, Moiola CP, Molins-Escuder C, López-Gil C, Gil-Moreno A, Matias-Guiu X, Colas E, Eritja N. Small-Molecule Inhibitors (SMIs) as an Effective Therapeutic Strategy for Endometrial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2751. [PMID: 32987790 PMCID: PMC7598629 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the sixth most common cancer in women. A continued number of low-risk EC patients at diagnosis, as well as patients diagnosed with advanced-stage disease, will experience an aggressive disease. Unfortunately, those patients will present recurrence or overt dissemination. Systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy treatment on advanced, recurrent, or metastatic EC patients has shown poor results, with median survival rates of less than one year, and median progression-free survival rates of four months. Therefore, the search for innovative and alternative drugs or the development of combinatorial therapies involving new targeted drugs and standard regimens is imperative. Over the last few decades, some small-molecule inhibitors have been introduced in the clinics for cancer treatment, but only a few have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for EC treatment. In the present review, we present the current state and future prospects of small-molecule inhibitors on EC treatment, both alone and in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Megino-Luque
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.M.-L.); (C.M.-E.); (X.M.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-M.); (E.C.)
| | - Cristian Pablo Moiola
- Gynecology Department-Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d’Hebron119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Clara Molins-Escuder
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.M.-L.); (C.M.-E.); (X.M.-G.)
| | - Carlos López-Gil
- Gynecology Department-Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d’Hebron119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Antonio Gil-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-M.); (E.C.)
- Gynecology Department-Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d’Hebron119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.M.-L.); (C.M.-E.); (X.M.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-M.); (E.C.)
- Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Department of Pathology-Hospital, Universitari de Bellvitge, Gran via de l’Hospitalet 199, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Colas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-M.); (E.C.)
- Gynecology Department-Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d’Hebron119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Núria Eritja
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-M.); (E.C.)
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Sidorkiewicz I, Jóźwik M, Niemira M, Krętowski A. Insulin Resistance and Endometrial Cancer: Emerging Role for microRNA. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2559. [PMID: 32911852 PMCID: PMC7563767 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) remains one of the most common cancers of the female reproductive system. Epidemiological and clinical data implicate insulin resistance (IR) and its accompanying hyperinsulinemia as key factors in the development of EC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short molecules of non-coding endogenous RNA that function as post-transcriptional regulators. Accumulating evidence has shown that the miRNA expression pattern is also likely to be associated with EC risk factors. The aim of this work was the verification of the relationships between IR, EC, and miRNA, and, as based on the literature data, elucidation of miRNA's potential utility for EC prevention in IR patients. The pathways affected in IR relate to the insulin receptors, insulin-like growth factors and their receptors, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, sex hormone-binding globulin, and estrogens. Herein, we present and discuss arguments for miRNAs as a plausible molecular link between IR and EC development. Specifically, our careful literature search indicated that dysregulation of at least 13 miRNAs has been ascribed to both conditions. We conclude that there is a reasonable possibility for miRNAs to become a predictive factor of future EC in IR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Sidorkiewicz
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Maciej Jóźwik
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Niemira
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Adam Krętowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (M.N.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
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Marinelli O, Morelli MB, Annibali D, Aguzzi C, Zeppa L, Tuyaerts S, Amantini C, Amant F, Ferretti B, Maggi F, Santoni G, Nabissi M. The Effects of Cannabidiol and Prognostic Role of TRPV2 in Human Endometrial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155409. [PMID: 32751388 PMCID: PMC7432565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies support, both in vitro and in vivo, the anti-cancer effects of cannabidiol (CBD), a transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) ligand. TRPV2, often dysregulated in tumors, is associated with altered cell proliferation and aggressiveness. Endometrial cancer (EC) is historically divided in type I endometrioid EC and type II non-endometrioid EC, associated with poor prognosis. Treatment options with chemotherapy and combinations with radiation showed only limited efficacy. Since no data are reported concerning TRPV2 expression as well as CBD potential effects in EC, the aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of TRPV2 in biopsies and cell lines as well as the effects of CBD in in vitro models. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), cell viability, migration, and chemo-resistance have been evaluated. Results show that TRPV2 expression increased with the malignancy of the cancer tissue and correlated with shorter PFS (p = 0.0224). Moreover, in vitro TRPV2 over-expression in Ishikawa cell line increased migratory ability and response to cisplatin. CBD reduced cell viability, activating predominantly apoptosis in type I cells and autophagy in mixed type EC cells. The CBD improved chemotherapeutic drugs cytotoxic effects, enhanced by TRPV2 over-expression. Hence, TRPV2 could be considered as a marker for optimizing the therapy and CBD might be a useful therapeutic option as adjuvant therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Cannabidiol/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/genetics
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/diagnosis
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/drug therapy
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/genetics
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/pathology
- Drug Synergism
- Endometrial Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Endometrial Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Endometrial Neoplasms/genetics
- Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Progression-Free Survival
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
- TRPV Cation Channels/antagonists & inhibitors
- TRPV Cation Channels/genetics
- TRPV Cation Channels/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliviero Marinelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (O.M.); (M.B.M.); (C.A.); (L.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Maria Beatrice Morelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (O.M.); (M.B.M.); (C.A.); (L.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Daniela Annibali
- Gynecological Oncology Department LKI, Leuven Cancer Institute KU, Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (D.A.); (S.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Cristina Aguzzi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (O.M.); (M.B.M.); (C.A.); (L.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Laura Zeppa
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (O.M.); (M.B.M.); (C.A.); (L.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Gynecological Oncology Department LKI, Leuven Cancer Institute KU, Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (D.A.); (S.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Consuelo Amantini
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy;
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Gynecological Oncology Department LKI, Leuven Cancer Institute KU, Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (D.A.); (S.T.); (F.A.)
- Centre for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek-Netherlands Cancer Institute (AvL-NKI), University Medical Centra (UMC), 1066 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benedetta Ferretti
- Oncologia Medica, Ospedale di San Severino, 62027 San Severino Marche (MC), Italy;
| | - Federica Maggi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00155 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Santoni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (O.M.); (M.B.M.); (C.A.); (L.Z.); (G.S.)
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (O.M.); (M.B.M.); (C.A.); (L.Z.); (G.S.)
- Integrative Therapy Discovery Lab, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0737-403306
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30
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Pathogenesis and Clinical Management of Uterine Serous Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030686. [PMID: 32183290 PMCID: PMC7140057 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is an aggressive variant of endometrial cancer that has not been well characterized. It accounts for less than 10% of all endometrial cancers and 80% of endometrial cancer–related deaths. Currently, staging surgery together with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, especially vaginal cuff brachytherapy, is the main treatment strategy for USC. Whole-exome sequencing combined with preclinical and clinical studies are verifying a series of effective and clinically accessible inhibitors targeting frequently altered genes, such as HER2 and PI3K3CA, in varying USC patient populations. Some progress has also been made in the immunotherapy field. The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has been found to be activated in many USC patients, and clinical trials of PD-1 inhibitors in USC are underway. This review updates the progress of research regarding the molecular pathogenesis and putative clinical management of USC.
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31
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Ahmed AA, Adam Essa ME. Epigenetic alterations in female urogenital organs cancer: Premise, properties, and perspectives. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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32
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Leskela S, Pérez-Mies B, Rosa-Rosa JM, Cristobal E, Biscuola M, Palacios-Berraquero ML, Ong S, Matias-Guiu Guia X, Palacios J. Molecular Basis of Tumor Heterogeneity in Endometrial Carcinosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070964. [PMID: 31324031 PMCID: PMC6678708 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinosarcoma (ECS) represents one of the most extreme examples of tumor heterogeneity among human cancers. ECS is a clinically aggressive, high-grade, metaplastic carcinoma. At the morphological level, intratumor heterogeneity in ECS is due to an admixture of epithelial (carcinoma) and mesenchymal (sarcoma) components that can include heterologous tissues, such as skeletal muscle, cartilage, or bone. Most ECSs belong to the copy-number high serous-like molecular subtype of endometrial carcinoma, characterized by the TP53 mutation and the frequently accompanied by a large number of gene copy-number alterations, including the amplification of important oncogenes, such as CCNE1 and c-MYC. However, a proportion of cases (20%) probably represent the progression of tumors initially belonging to the copy-number low endometrioid-like molecular subtype (characterized by mutations in genes such as PTEN, PI3KCA, or ARID1A), after the acquisition of the TP53 mutations. Only a few ECS belong to the microsatellite-unstable hypermutated molecular type and the POLE-mutated, ultramutated molecular type. A common characteristic of all ECSs is the modulation of genes involved in the epithelial to mesenchymal process. Thus, the acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype is associated with a switch from E- to N-cadherin, the up-regulation of transcriptional repressors of E-cadherin, such as Snail Family Transcriptional Repressor 1 and 2 (SNAI1 and SNAI2), Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1 and 2 (ZEB1 and ZEB2), and the down-regulation, among others, of members of the miR-200 family involved in the maintenance of an epithelial phenotype. Subsequent differentiation to different types of mesenchymal tissues increases tumor heterogeneity and probably modulates clinical behavior and therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Leskela
- Department of Pathology, Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER-ONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Belen Pérez-Mies
- CIBER-ONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Rosa-Rosa
- Department of Pathology, Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER-ONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Cristobal
- Department of Pathology, Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Michele Biscuola
- CIBER-ONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | | | - SuFey Ong
- NanoString Technologies, Inc, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu Guia
- CIBER-ONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital U Arnau de Vilanova, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital U de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- IRBLLEIDA, IDIBELL, University of Lleida, 25003 Lleida, Spain
| | - José Palacios
- Department of Pathology, Institute Ramón y Cajal for Health Research, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER-ONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá de Henares, Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid, Spain.
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33
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Dong P, Xiong Y, Yue J, Xu D, Ihira K, Konno Y, Kobayashi N, Todo Y, Watari H. Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 drives aggressive endometrial cancer progression via miR-361-regulated networks involving STAT3 and tumor microenvironment-related genes. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:295. [PMID: 31287002 PMCID: PMC6615218 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1306-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-grade endometrioid and serous endometrial cancers (ECs) are an aggressive subtype of ECs without effective therapies. The reciprocal communication between tumor cells and their surrounding microenvironment drives tumor progression. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key mediators of tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, little is known about the role of lncRNAs in aggressive EC progression and tumor microenvironment remodeling. METHODS We performed an array-based lncRNA analysis of a parental HEC-50 EC cell population and derivatives with highly invasive, sphere-forming, and paclitaxel (TX)-resistant characteristics. We characterized the roles of the lncRNA NEAT1 in mediating aggressive EC progression in vitro and in vivo and explored the molecular events downstream of NEAT1. RESULTS We identified 10 lncRNAs with upregulated expression (NEAT1, H19, PVT1, UCA1, MIR7-3HG, SNHG16, HULC, RMST, BCAR4 and LINC00152) and 10 lncRNAs with downregulated expression (MEG3, GAS5, DIO3OS, MIR155HG, LINC00261, FENDRR, MIAT, TMEM161B-AS1, HAND2-AS1 and NBR2) in the highly invasive, sphere-forming and TX-resistant derivatives. NEAT1 expression was markedly upregulated in early-stage EC tissue samples, and high NEAT1 expression predicted a poor prognosis. Inhibiting NEAT1 expression with small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) diminished cellular proliferation, invasion, sphere formation, and xenograft tumor growth and improved TX response in aggressive EC cells. We showed that NEAT1 functions as an oncogenic sponge for the tumor suppressor microRNA-361 (miR-361), which suppresses proliferation, invasion, sphere formation and TX resistance by directly targeting the oncogene STAT3. Furthermore, miR-361 also suppressed the expression of multiple prometastatic genes and tumor microenvironment-related genes, including MEF2D, ROCK1, WNT7A, VEGF-A, PDE4B, and KPNA4. CONCLUSIONS NEAT1 initiates a miR-361-mediated network to drive aggressive EC progression. These data support a rationale for inhibiting NEAT1 signaling as a potential therapeutic strategy for overcoming aggressive EC progression and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Gynecology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junming Yue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163 USA
- Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163 USA
| | - Daozhi Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kei Ihira
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Konno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Noriko Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yukiharu Todo
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, National Hospital Organization, Hokkaido Cancer Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hidemichi Watari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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34
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Remmerie M, Janssens V. PP2A: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Endometrial Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:462. [PMID: 31214504 PMCID: PMC6558005 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the use of targeted therapies has immensely increased in the treatment of cancer. However, treatment for endometrial carcinomas (ECs) has lagged behind, although potential molecular markers have been identified. This is particularly problematic for the type II ECs, since these aggressive tumors are usually not responsive toward the current standard therapies. Therefore, type II ECs are responsible for most EC-related deaths, indicating the need for new treatment options. Interestingly, molecular analyses of type II ECs have uncovered frequent genetic alterations (up to 40%) in PPP2R1A, encoding the Aα subunit of the tumor suppressive heterotrimeric protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A). PPP2R1A mutations were also reported in type I ECs and other common gynecologic cancers, albeit at much lower frequencies (0-7%). Nevertheless, PP2A inactivation in the latter cancer types is common via other mechanisms, in particular by increased expression of Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) and PP2A Methylesterase-1 (PME-1) proteins. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic potential of direct and indirect PP2A targeting compounds, possibly in combination with other anti-cancer drugs, in EC. Furthermore, we investigate the potential of the PP2A status as a predictive and/or prognostic marker for type I and II ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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35
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Cornel KMC, Bongers MY, Kruitwagen RPFM, Romano A. Local estrogen metabolism (intracrinology) in endometrial cancer: A systematic review. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 489:45-65. [PMID: 30326245 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common malignancy of the female gynaecological tract and increased exposure to estrogens is a risk factor. EC cells are able to produce estrogens locally using precursors like, among others, adrenal steroids present in the serum. This is referred to as local estrogen metabolism (or intracrinology) and consists of a complex network of multiple enzymes. Particular relevant to the final generation of active estrogens in endometrial cells are: steroid sulfatase (STS), estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1), aromatase (CYP19A1), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD17B) type 1 and type 2. During the last decades, a plethora of studies explored the level of these enzymes in EC but contrasting data were reported, which generated vigorous debate and controversies. Several reviews attempted at clarifying some of the debated issues, but published reviews are based on investigator-defined bibliography selection and not on systematic analysis. Therefore, we performed a systematic review of the literature reporting about the level of STS, SULT1E1, CYP19A1, HSD17B1 and HSD17B2 in EC. Additional intracrine enzymes and networks (e.g., HSD17Bs other than types 1 and 2, aldo-keto reductases, progesterone and androgen metabolism) were non-systematically reviewed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M C Cornel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - M Y Bongers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, the Netherlands
| | - R P F M Kruitwagen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - A Romano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands.
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36
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Taylor SE, O'Connor CM, Wang Z, Shen G, Song H, Leonard D, Sangodkar J, LaVasseur C, Avril S, Waggoner S, Zanotti K, Armstrong AJ, Nagel C, Resnick K, Singh S, Jackson MW, Xu W, Haider S, DiFeo A, Narla G. The Highly Recurrent PP2A Aα-Subunit Mutation P179R Alters Protein Structure and Impairs PP2A Enzyme Function to Promote Endometrial Tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4242-4257. [PMID: 31142515 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Somatic mutation of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) Aα-subunit gene PPP2R1A is highly prevalent in high-grade endometrial carcinoma. The structural, molecular, and biological basis by which the most recurrent endometrial carcinoma-specific mutation site P179 facilitates features of endometrial carcinoma malignancy has yet to be fully determined. Here, we used a series of structural, biochemical, and biological approaches to investigate the impact of the P179R missense mutation on PP2A function. Enhanced sampling molecular dynamics simulations showed that arginine-to-proline substitution at the P179 residue changes the protein's stable conformation profile. A crystal structure of the tumor-derived PP2A mutant revealed marked changes in A-subunit conformation. Binding to the PP2A catalytic subunit was significantly impaired, disrupting holoenzyme formation and enzymatic activity. Cancer cells were dependent on PP2A disruption for sustained tumorigenic potential, and restoration of wild-type Aα in a patient-derived P179R-mutant cell line restored enzyme function and significantly attenuated tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, small molecule-mediated therapeutic reactivation of PP2A significantly inhibited tumorigenicity in vivo. These outcomes implicate PP2A functional inactivation as a critical component of high-grade endometrial carcinoma disease pathogenesis. Moreover, they highlight PP2A reactivation as a potential therapeutic strategy for patients who harbor P179R PPP2R1A mutations. SIGNIFICANCE: This study characterizes a highly recurrent, disease-specific PP2A PPP2R1A mutation as a driver of endometrial carcinoma and a target for novel therapeutic development.See related commentary by Haines and Huang, p. 4009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Taylor
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Caitlin M O'Connor
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Zhizhi Wang
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Guobo Shen
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Haichi Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Leonard
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jaya Sangodkar
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Corinne LaVasseur
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Stefanie Avril
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Steven Waggoner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kristine Zanotti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amy J Armstrong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christa Nagel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kimberly Resnick
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MetroHealth, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sareena Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aultman Hospital, Canton, Ohio
| | - Mark W Jackson
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Shozeb Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Analisa DiFeo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Goutham Narla
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. .,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Li L, Shou H, Wang Q, Liu S. Investigation of the potential theranostic role of KDM5B/miR-29c signaling axis in paclitaxel resistant endometrial carcinoma. Gene 2019; 694:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.12.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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