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Kim HB, Lee SH, Yang DY, Lee SH, Kim JH, Kim HC, Choi KY, Lee SY, Yang SI, Suh DI, Shin YH, Kim KW, Ahn K, Choi SJ, Kwon JY, Kim SH, Jun JK, Lee MY, Won HS, Kim K, Hong SJ. PM exposure during pregnancy affects childhood asthma via placental epigenetic changes: Neuronal differentiation and proliferation and Notch signaling pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 366:125471. [PMID: 39643224 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 12/03/2024] [Indexed: 12/09/2024]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) exposure during pregnancy increases the risk of developing asthma in children. However, the placental mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. This study aims to evaluate the mechanisms associated with PM exposure during pregnancy and asthma susceptibility via placental epigenetic dysregulation. We analyzed data from two independent Korean birth cohorts (COCOA, 684 children; PSKC, 818 children). Physician-diagnosed current asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) via methacholine challenge tests were evaluated at age seven. We estimated PM exposure with a diameter <10 μm (PM10) during pregnancy using land-use regression models. We performed genome-wide methylation profiling in the placenta of 40 samples in the COCOA study and analyzed the gene expression levels. High PM10 exposure during pregnancy increased the risk of developing current asthma and BHR in the COCOA study (aOR 2.36, 95% CI 1.06-5.22; aOR 2.14, 95% CI 1.40-3.27, respectively) and current asthma in the PSKC (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 1.35-5.09). The genes involved in neuronal differentiation and proliferation and Notch signaling pathways were significantly hypermethylated in children with high PM10-exposed asthma. The methylation and expression levels of eight genes (PAX6, REST, OLIG2, GLI1, ZBTB7A, NOTCH4, NOTCH1, and NOTCH3) in these pathways correlated with clinical parameters. This may effectively predict PM-related asthma through a prediction model using degrees of gene-based or CpG-based methylation (AUC = 0.96 and 0.93, respectively). PM10 exposure during pregnancy impacts asthma development in offspring via placental DNA hypermethylation via neuronal differentiation and proliferation and Notch signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hyeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yeol Yang
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Cheol Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Yong Choi
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Anyang University, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-I Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong In Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangmo Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Joo Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Young Kwon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kwan Jun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sung Won
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwoneel Kim
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Masciale V, Banchelli F, Grisendi G, Samarelli AV, Raineri G, Rossi T, Zanoni M, Cortesi M, Bandini S, Ulivi P, Martinelli G, Stella F, Dominici M, Aramini B. The molecular features of lung cancer stem cells in dedifferentiation process-driven epigenetic alterations. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107994. [PMID: 39547513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 10/30/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may be dedifferentiated somatic cells following oncogenic processes, representing a subpopulation of cells able to promote tumor growth with their capacities for proliferation and self-renewal, inducing lineage heterogeneity, which may be a main cause of resistance to therapies. It has been shown that the "less differentiated process" may have an impact on tumor plasticity, particularly when non-CSCs may dedifferentiate and become CSC-like. Bidirectional interconversion between CSCs and non-CSCs has been reported in other solid tumors, where the inflammatory stroma promotes cell reprogramming by enhancing Wnt signaling through nuclear factor kappa B activation in association with intracellular signaling, which may induce cells' pluripotency, the oncogenic transformation can be considered another important aspect in the acquisition of "new" development programs with oncogenic features. During cell reprogramming, mutations represent an initial step toward dedifferentiation, in which tumor cells switch from a partially or terminally differentiated stage to a less differentiated stage that is mainly manifested by re-entry into the cell cycle, acquisition of a stem cell-like phenotype, and expression of stem cell markers. This phenomenon typically shows up as a change in the form, function, and pattern of gene and protein expression, and more specifically, in CSCs. This review would highlight the main epigenetic alterations, major signaling pathways and driver mutations in which CSCs, in tumors and specifically, in lung cancer, could be involved, acting as key elements in the differentiation/dedifferentiation process. This would highlight the main molecular mechanisms which need to be considered for more tailored therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Masciale
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Federico Banchelli
- Department of Statistical Sciences "Paolo Fortunati", Alma Mater Studiorum- University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Laboratory of and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Raineri
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Tania Rossi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Michele Zanoni
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Michela Cortesi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Sara Bandini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Paola Ulivi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Franco Stella
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC of the Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, G.B. Morgagni-L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapies, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy; Division of Oncology, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Beatrice Aramini
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC of the Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, G.B. Morgagni-L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy.
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Yang Q, Jiang P, Tang H, Wen J, Zhou L, Zhao Y, Wang L, Wang J, Yang Q. Shh regulates M2 microglial polarization and fibrotic scar formation after ischemic stroke. Neurochem Int 2024; 180:105862. [PMID: 39307461 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrotic scar formation is a critical pathological change impacting tissue reconstruction and functional recovery after ischemic stroke. The regulatory mechanisms behind fibrotic scarring in the central nervous system (CNS) remain largely unknown. While macrophages are known to play a role in fibrotic scar formation in peripheral tissues, the involvement of microglia, the resident immune cells of the CNS, in CNS fibrosis requires further exploration. The Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway, pivotal in embryonic development and tissue regeneration, is also crucial in modulating fibrosis in peripheral tissues. However, the impact and regulatory mechanisms of Shh on fibrotic scar formation post-ischemic stroke have not been thoroughly investigated. METHODS This study explores whether Shh can regulate fibrotic scar formation post-ischemic stroke and its underlying mechanisms through in vivo and in vitro manipulation of Shh expression. RESULTS Our results showed that Shh expression was upregulated in the serum of acute ischemic stroke patients, as well as in the serum, CSF, and ischemic regions of MCAO/R mice. Moreover, the upregulation of Shh expression was positively correlated with fibrotic scar formation and M2 microglial polarization. Shh knockdown inhibited fibrotic scar formation and M2 microglial polarization while aggravating neurological deficits in MCAO/R mice. In vitro, adenoviral knockdown or Smoothened Agonist (SAG) activation of Shh expression in BV2 cells following OGD/R regulated their polarization and influenced the expression of TGFβ1 and PDGFA, subsequently affecting fibroblast activation. CONCLUSION These results suggest that Shh regulates M2 microglial polarization and fibrotic scar formation after cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peiran Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiani Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Liu Y, Jia F, Li K, Liang C, Lin X, Geng W, Li Y. Critical signaling molecules in the temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis under different magnitudes of mechanical stimulation. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1419494. [PMID: 39055494 PMCID: PMC11269110 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1419494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanical stress environment in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is constantly changing due to daily mandibular movements. Therefore, TMJ tissues, such as condylar cartilage, the synovial membrane and discs, are influenced by different magnitudes of mechanical stimulation. Moderate mechanical stimulation is beneficial for maintaining homeostasis, whereas abnormal mechanical stimulation leads to degeneration and ultimately contributes to the development of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA), which involves changes in critical signaling molecules. Under abnormal mechanical stimulation, compensatory molecules may prevent degenerative changes while decompensatory molecules aggravate. In this review, we summarize the critical signaling molecules that are stimulated by moderate or abnormal mechanical loading in TMJ tissues, mainly in condylar cartilage. Furthermore, we classify abnormal mechanical stimulation-induced molecules into compensatory or decompensatory molecules. Our aim is to understand the pathophysiological mechanism of TMJ dysfunction more deeply in the ever-changing mechanical environment, and then provide new ideas for discovering effective diagnostic and therapeutic targets in TMJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Geng
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxi Li
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Mohammed OA, Youssef ME, Doghish AS, Hamad RS, Abdel-Reheim MA, Alghamdi M, Alamri MMS, Alfaifi J, Adam MIE, Alharthi MH, Alhalafi AH, Bahashwan E, Rezigalla AA, BinAfif DF, Abdel-Ghany S, Attia MA, Elmorsy EA, Al-Noshokaty TM, Fikry H, Saleh LA, Saber S. A novel combination therapy targets sonic hedgehog signaling by the dual inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase and HSP90 in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 198:106792. [PMID: 38714237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by liver inflammation, fat accumulation, and collagen deposition. Due to the limited availability of effective treatments, there is a pressing need to develop innovative strategies. Given the complex nature of the disease, employing combination approaches is essential. Hedgehog signaling has been recognized as potentially promoting NASH, and cholesterol can influence this signaling by modifying the conformation of PTCH1 and SMO activity. HSP90 plays a role in the stability of SMO and GLI proteins. We revealed significant positive correlations between Hedgehog signaling proteins (Shh, SMO, GLI1, and GLI2) and both cholesterol and HSP90 levels. Herein, we investigated the novel combination of the cholesterol-lowering agent lovastatin and the HSP90 inhibitor PU-H71 in vitro and in vivo. The combination demonstrated a synergy score of 15.09 and an MSA score of 22.85, as estimated by the ZIP synergy model based on growth inhibition rates in HepG2 cells. In a NASH rat model induced by thioacetamide and a high-fat diet, this combination therapy extended survival, improved liver function and histology, and enhanced antioxidant defense. Additionally, the combination exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic potential by influencing the levels of TNF-α, TGF-β, TIMP-1, and PDGF-BB. This effect was evident in the suppression of the Col1a1 gene expression and the levels of hydroxyproline and α-SMA. These favorable outcomes may be attributed to the combination's potential to inhibit key Hedgehog signaling molecules. In conclusion, exploring the applicability of this combination contributes to a more comprehensive understanding and improved management of NASH and other fibrotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahmoud E Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11231, Egypt.
| | - Rabab S Hamad
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza 12411, Egypt.
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Mushabab Alghamdi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohannad Mohammad S Alamri
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaber Alfaifi
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masoud I E Adam
- Department of Medical Education and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muffarah Hamid Alharthi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Hassan Alhalafi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Bahashwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Dermatology, College of medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assad Ali Rezigalla
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daad Fuad BinAfif
- Department of Medicine, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of basic medical sciences, Ibn Sina University for medical sciences, Amman 16197, Jordan
| | - Mohammed A Attia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed A Elmorsy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia; Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Heba Fikry
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Collage of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
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Abu Rabe D, Chdid L, Lamson DR, Laudeman CP, Tarpley M, Elsayed N, Smith GR, Zheng W, Dixon MS, Williams KP. Identification of Novel GANT61 Analogs with Activity in Hedgehog Functional Assays and GLI1-Dependent Cancer Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:3095. [PMID: 38999049 PMCID: PMC11243198 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of hedgehog (Hh) signaling has been implicated in various cancers. Current FDA-approved inhibitors target the seven-transmembrane receptor Smoothened, but resistance to these drugs has been observed. It has been proposed that a more promising strategy to target this pathway is at the GLI1 transcription factor level. GANT61 was the first small molecule identified to directly suppress GLI-mediated activity; however, its development as a potential anti-cancer agent has been hindered by its modest activity and aqueous chemical instability. Our study aimed to identify novel GLI1 inhibitors. JChem searches identified fifty-two compounds similar to GANT61 and its active metabolite, GANT61-D. We combined high-throughput cell-based assays and molecular docking to evaluate these analogs. Five of the fifty-two GANT61 analogs inhibited activity in Hh-responsive C3H10T1/2 and Gli-reporter NIH3T3 cellular assays without cytotoxicity. Two of the GANT61 analogs, BAS 07019774 and Z27610715, reduced Gli1 mRNA expression in C3H10T1/2 cells. Treatment with BAS 07019774 significantly reduced cell viability in Hh-dependent glioblastoma and lung cancer cell lines. Molecular docking indicated that BAS 07019774 is predicted to bind to the ZF4 region of GLI1, potentially interfering with its ability to bind DNA. Our findings show promise in developing more effective and potent GLI inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Abu Rabe
- INBS PhD Program, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Lhoucine Chdid
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - David R Lamson
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Christopher P Laudeman
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Michael Tarpley
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Naglaa Elsayed
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Ginger R Smith
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Weifan Zheng
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Maria S Dixon
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Kevin P Williams
- Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
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7
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Choi JY, Boo MY, Boo YC. Can Plant Extracts Help Prevent Hair Loss or Promote Hair Growth? A Review Comparing Their Therapeutic Efficacies, Phytochemical Components, and Modulatory Targets. Molecules 2024; 29:2288. [PMID: 38792149 PMCID: PMC11124163 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This narrative review aims to examine the therapeutic potential and mechanism of action of plant extracts in preventing and treating alopecia (baldness). We searched and selected research papers on plant extracts related to hair loss, hair growth, or hair regrowth, and comprehensively compared the therapeutic efficacies, phytochemical components, and modulatory targets of plant extracts. These studies showed that various plant extracts increased the survival and proliferation of dermal papilla cells in vitro, enhanced cell proliferation and hair growth in hair follicles ex vivo, and promoted hair growth or regrowth in animal models in vivo. The hair growth-promoting efficacy of several plant extracts was verified in clinical trials. Some phenolic compounds, terpenes and terpenoids, sulfur-containing compounds, and fatty acids were identified as active compounds contained in plant extracts. The pharmacological effects of plant extracts and their active compounds were associated with the promotion of cell survival, cell proliferation, or cell cycle progression, and the upregulation of several growth factors, such as IGF-1, VEGF, HGF, and KGF (FGF-7), leading to the induction and extension of the anagen phase in the hair cycle. Those effects were also associated with the alleviation of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, cellular senescence, or apoptosis, and the downregulation of male hormones and their receptors, preventing the entry into the telogen phase in the hair cycle. Several active plant extracts and phytochemicals stimulated the signaling pathways mediated by protein kinase B (PKB, also called AKT), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), Wingless and Int-1 (WNT), or sonic hedgehog (SHH), while suppressing other cell signaling pathways mediated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). Thus, well-selected plant extracts and their active compounds can have beneficial effects on hair health. It is proposed that the discovery of phytochemicals targeting the aforementioned cellular events and cell signaling pathways will facilitate the development of new targeted therapies for alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Yong Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea;
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Boo
- Ppeum Clinic Daegu, 39 Dongseong-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41937, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yong Chool Boo
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea;
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
- Lapivu Co., Ltd., 115 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
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8
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Din ZU, Cui B, Wang C, Zhang X, Mehmood A, Peng F, Liu Q. Crosstalk between lipid metabolism and EMT: emerging mechanisms and cancer therapy. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04995-1. [PMID: 38622439 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Lipids are the key component of all membranes composed of a variety of molecules that transduce intracellular signaling and provide energy to the cells in the absence of nutrients. Alteration in lipid metabolism is a major factor for cancer heterogeneity and a newly identified cancer hallmark. Reprogramming of lipid metabolism affects the diverse cancer phenotypes, especially epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT activation is considered to be an essential step for tumor metastasis, which exhibits a crucial role in the biological processes including development, wound healing, and stem cell maintenance, and has been widely reported to contribute pathologically to cancer progression. Altered lipid metabolism triggers EMT and activates multiple EMT-associated oncogenic pathways. Although the role of lipid metabolism-induced EMT in tumorigenesis is an attractive field of research, there are still significant gaps in understanding the underlying mechanisms and the precise contributions of this interplay. Further study is needed to clarify the specific molecular mechanisms driving the crosstalk between lipid metabolism and EMT, as well as to determine the potential therapeutic implications. The increased dependency of tumor cells on lipid metabolism represents a novel therapeutic target, and targeting altered lipid metabolism holds promise as a strategy to suppress EMT and ultimately inhibit metastasis.
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Grants
- 2022YFA1104002 National Key R&D Program of China
- 2022YFA1104002 National Key R&D Program of China
- 2022YFA1104002 National Key R&D Program of China
- 2022YFA1104002 National Key R&D Program of China
- No. 82373096, No. 82273480, No. 82002960, No. 82003141 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- No. 82373096, No. 82273480, No. 82002960, No. 82003141 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- No. 82373096, No. 82273480, No. 82002960, No. 82003141 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- No. 82373096, No. 82273480, No. 82002960, No. 82003141 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 2023JH2/101600019 to FP Applied Basic Research Planning Project of Liaoning
- 2023JH2/101600019 to FP Applied Basic Research Planning Project of Liaoning
- 2023JH2/101600019 to FP Applied Basic Research Planning Project of Liaoning
- 2023JH2/101600019 to FP Applied Basic Research Planning Project of Liaoning
- 2023RY013 Science and Technology Talent Innovation Support Policy Implementation Program of Dalian-Outstanding young scientific and technological talents
- 2023RY013 Science and Technology Talent Innovation Support Policy Implementation Program of Dalian-Outstanding young scientific and technological talents
- 2023RY013 Science and Technology Talent Innovation Support Policy Implementation Program of Dalian-Outstanding young scientific and technological talents
- 2023RY013 Science and Technology Talent Innovation Support Policy Implementation Program of Dalian-Outstanding young scientific and technological talents
- 2021RQ004 Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program-Young Science and Technology Star
- 2021RQ004 Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program-Young Science and Technology Star
- 2021RQ004 Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program-Young Science and Technology Star
- 2021RQ004 Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program-Young Science and Technology Star
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaheer Ud Din
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Bai Cui
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Cenxin Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China.
| | - Quentin Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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9
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Patel HV, Joshi JS, Shah FD. A clinicopathological exploration of Hedgehog signaling: implications in oral carcinogenesis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16525-16535. [PMID: 37712962 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05383-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hedgehog Signaling, a basic cancer stem cell pathway, plays a major role during the embryonic development, is known to play a quiescent role in adults. However, aberrant activation of Hedgehog signaling in adults is known to play a role in cancer development. Hence, the aim of the study was to identify the role of Hedgehog signaling pathway in the Oral cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of Hedgehog signaling pathway was evaluated in 124 patients through the quantitative real-time PCR. The association between the gene expression and clinico-pathological parameters were analyzed using the Pearson chi-square test and survival analysis was carried out using Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS SHH and GLI1 was found to be significantly associated with the Lymph Node Status and SUFU was significantly associated with the Age. SMO and SUFU were found to have a worse prognosis in oral cancer patients. According to our findings, IHH plays a critical role in the activation of the HH signaling pathway in oral cancer. CONCLUSION These findings back up the use of the Hedgehog signaling pathway as a biomarker for early disease prediction in oral cancer, as well as its role in tumor aggressiveness and invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitarth V Patel
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Jigna S Joshi
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Franky D Shah
- Molecular Diagnostic and Research Lab-3, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India.
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10
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Kotulak-Chrzaszcz A, Kiezun J, Czajkowski M, Matuszewski M, Klacz J, Krazinski BE, Godlewski J, Kmiec Z, Wierzbicki PM. The immunoreactivity of GLI1 and VEGFA is a potential prognostic factor in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1110. [PMID: 37964226 PMCID: PMC10647108 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common type of kidney cancer and its pathogenesis is strongly associated with VHL-HIF-VEGF signaling. SHH ligand is the upstream SHH pathway regulator, while GLI1 is its major effector that stimulates as a transcription factor, i.a. expression of VEGFA gene. The aim of present study was to assess the prognostic significance of SHH, GLI1 and VEGFA immunoreactivity in KIRC tissues. The analysis included paired tumor and normal samples from 34 patients with KIRC. The immunoreactivity of SHH, GLI1 and VEGFA proteins was determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) renal tissues staining. The IHC staining results were assessed using the immunoreactive score (IRS) method which takes into account the number of cells showing a positive reaction and the intensity of the reaction. Increased GLI1 protein immunoreactivity was observed in KIRC tissues, especially in early-stage tumors, according to the TNM classification. Elevated expression of the VEGFA protein was noted primarily in high-grade KIRC samples according to the Fuhrman/WHO/ISUP scale. Moreover, a directly proportional correlation was observed between SHH and VEGFA immunoreactivity in TNM 3 + 4 and Fuhrman/ISUP/WHO 3 + 4 tumor tissues as well as in samples of patients with shorter survival. We also observed an association between shorter patient survival as well as increased and decreased immunoreactivity, of the VEGFA and GLI1, respectively. The aforementioned findings suggest that the expression pattern of SHH, GLI1 and VEGFA demonstrates prognostic potential in KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kotulak-Chrzaszcz
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki Street, Gdansk, 80211, Poland.
| | - Jacek Kiezun
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, 10082, Poland
| | - Mateusz Czajkowski
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, 80402, Poland
| | - Marcin Matuszewski
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, 80402, Poland
| | - Jakub Klacz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, 80402, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej E Krazinski
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, 10082, Poland
| | - Janusz Godlewski
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, 10082, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kmiec
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki Street, Gdansk, 80211, Poland
| | - Piotr M Wierzbicki
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki Street, Gdansk, 80211, Poland
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11
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Imran K, Iqbal MJ, Abid R, Ahmad MM, Calina D, Sharifi-Rad J, Cho WC. Cellular signaling modulated by miRNA-3652 in ovarian cancer: unveiling mechanistic pathways for future therapeutic strategies. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:289. [PMID: 37845675 PMCID: PMC10577948 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that play pivotal roles in regulating gene expression and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous cancers. miRNA-3652, though relatively less explored, has recently emerged as a potential key player in ovarian cancer's molecular landscape. This review aims to delineate the functional significance and tumor progression role of miRNA-3652 in ovarian cancer, shedding light on its potential as both a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target. A comprehensive literature search was carried out using established databases, the focus was on articles that reported the role of miRNA-3652 in ovarian cancer, encompassing mechanistic insights, functional studies, and its association with clinical outcomes. This updated review highlighted that miRNA-3652 is intricately involved in ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, its dysregulation was linked to altered expression of critical genes involved in tumor growth and metastasis; furthermore, miRNA-3652 expression levels were found to correlate with clinical stages, prognosis, and response to therapy in ovarian cancer patients. miRNA-3652 holds significant promise as a vital molecular player in ovarian cancer's pathophysiology. Its functional role and impact on tumor progression make it a potential candidate for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in ovarian cancer. Given the pivotal role of miRNA-3652 in ovarian cancer, future studies should emphasize in-depth mechanistic explorations, utilizing advanced genomic and proteomic tools. Collaboration between basic scientists and clinicians will be vital to translating these findings into innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, ultimately benefiting ovarian cancer patients. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Imran
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Javed Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Rameesha Abid
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, International Institute of Science, Art and Technology, Gujranwala, Pakistan
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
| | | | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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12
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Wu L, Liu Z, Xiao L, Ai M, Cao Y, Mao J, Song K. The Role of Gli1 + Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteogenesis of Craniofacial Bone. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1351. [PMID: 37759749 PMCID: PMC10526808 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is a transcriptional activator of hedgehog (Hh) signaling that regulates target gene expression and several cellular biological processes. Cell lineage tracing techniques have highlighted Gli1 as an ideal marker for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vivo. Gli1+ MSCs are critical for the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone; however, the regulatory mechanism by which Gli1+ MSCs mediate the bone development and tissue regeneration of craniofacial bone has not been systematically outlined. This review comprehensively elucidates the specific roles of Gli1+ MSCs in craniofacial bone osteogenesis. In addition to governing craniofacial bone development, Gli1+ MSCs are associated with the tissue repair of craniofacial bone under pathological conditions. Gli1+ MSCs promote intramembranous and endochondral ossification of the craniofacial bones, and assist the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone by improving angiopoiesis. This review summarizes the novel role of Gli1+ MSCs in bone development and tissue repair in craniofacial bones, which offers new insights into bone regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laidi Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mi Ai
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yingguang Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
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13
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Trocchianesi S, Po A, Citarella A, Spinello Z, Rughetti A, Besharat ZM, Autilio TM, Pecce V, Verrienti A, Elisei R, Durante C, Catanzaro G, Ferretti E. Molecular mechanisms of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor pralsetinib activity in in-vitro models of medullary thyroid carcinoma: Aberrant activation of the HH-Gli signaling pathway in acquired resistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114995. [PMID: 37301138 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a malignant tumor with challenging management. Multi-targeted kinase inhibitors (MKI) and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKI) with high specificity for RET protein are approved for advanced MTC treatment. However, their efficacy is hindered by evasion mechanisms of tumor cells. Thus, the aim of this study was the identification of an escape mechanism in MTC cells exposed to a highly selective RET TKI. TT cells were treated with TKI, MKI, and/or the HH-Gli inhibitors, GANT61 and Arsenic Trioxide (ATO), in the presence or absence of hypoxia. RET modifications, oncogenic signaling activation, proliferation and apoptosis were assessed. Additionally, cell modifications and HH-Gli activation were also evaluated in pralsetinib-resistant TT cells. Pralsetinib inhibited RET autophosphorylation and RET downstream pathways activation in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Additionally, pralsetinib impaired proliferation, induced the activation of apoptosis and, in hypoxic cells, downregulated HIF-1α. Focusing on escape molecular mechanisms associated with therapy, we observed increased Gli1 levels in a subset of cells. Indeed, pralsetinib stimulated the re-localization of Gli1 into the cell nuclei. Treatment of TT cells with both pralsetinib and ATO resulted in Gli1 down-regulation and impaired cell viability. Moreover, pralsetinib-resistant cells confirmed Gli1 activation and up-regulation of its transcriptionally regulated target genes. Altogether, we showed that pralsetinib impairs MTC cell growth and induces cell death, also in hypoxic conditions. The HH-Gli pathway is a new molecular mechanism of escape to pralsetinib therapy that can be overcome through combined therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Trocchianesi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Po
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Citarella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Zaira Spinello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Aurelia Rughetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Tanja Milena Autilio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Pecce
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Verrienti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Elisei
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cosimo Durante
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Catanzaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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14
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Dunatov Huljev A, Kelam N, Benzon B, Šoljić V, Filipović N, Pešutić Pisac V, Glavina Durdov M, Vukojević K. Expression Pattern of Sonic Hedgehog, Patched and Smoothened in Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108935. [PMID: 37240278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the deadliest neoplasm of the urinary tract, and we are still far from completely understanding ccRCC development and treatment. The renal tissue paraffin blocks (20) of patients with ccRCC were collected at the University Hospital in Split from 2019 to 2020, and tissue sections were stained with patched (PTCH), anti-smoothened (SMO) and anti-Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) antibodies. SHH was highly expressed (31.9%) in grade 1 tumour, it being higher than all other grades and the control (p < 0.001-p < 0.0001). The trend of a linear decrease in the expression of SHH was observed with the progression of the tumour grade (p < 0.0001). PTCH expression was significantly lower in grades 1 and 2 in comparison to the control (p < 0.01) and grade 4 (p < 0.0001). A significant increase in the expression of SMO was found in grade 4 compared to all other grades (p < 0.0001) and the control (p < 0.001). The strong expression of SHH was observed in carcinoma cells of the G1 stage with a diffuse staining pattern (>50% of neoplastic cells). Stroma and/or inflammatory infiltrate display no staining and no expression of SHH in G1 and G2, while mild focal staining (10-50% of neoplastic cells) was observed in G3 and G4. Patients with high PTCH and low SMO expression had significant time survival differences (p = 0.0005 and p = 0.029, respectively). Therefore, high levels of PTCH and low levels of SMO expression are important markers of better survival rates in ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Dunatov Huljev
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Cytology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Nela Kelam
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Benjamin Benzon
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Violeta Šoljić
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Natalija Filipović
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Valdi Pešutić Pisac
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Cytology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Merica Glavina Durdov
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Cytology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Katarina Vukojević
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Center for Translational Research in Biomedicine, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
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15
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Waseem A, Rashid S, Rashid K, Khan MA, Khan R, Haque R, Seth P, Raza SS. Insight into the transcription factors regulating Ischemic Stroke and Glioma in Response to Shared Stimuli. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 92:102-127. [PMID: 37054904 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke and glioma are the two leading causes of patient mortality globally. Despite physiological variations, 1 in 10 people who have an ischemic stroke go on to develop brain cancer, most notably gliomas. In addition, glioma treatments have also been shown to increase the risk of ischemic strokes. Stroke occurs more frequently in cancer patients than in the general population, according to traditional literature. Unbelievably, these events share multiple pathways, but the precise mechanism underlying their co-occurrence remains unknown. Transcription factors (TFs), the main components of gene expression programmes, finally determine the fate of cells and homeostasis. Both ischemic stroke and glioma exhibit aberrant expression of a large number of TFs, which are strongly linked to the pathophysiology and progression of both diseases. The precise genomic binding locations of TFs and how TF binding ultimately relates to transcriptional regulation remain elusive despite a strong interest in understanding how TFs regulate gene expression in both stroke and glioma. As a result, the importance of continuing efforts to understand TF-mediated gene regulation is highlighted in this review, along with some of the primary shared events in stroke and glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshi Waseem
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, India
| | - Sumaiya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Rashid
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0521
| | | | - Rehan Khan
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City,Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rizwanul Haque
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya -824236, India
| | - Pankaj Seth
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Neurovirology Section, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana-122052, India
| | - Syed Shadab Raza
- Laboratory for Stem Cell & Restorative Neurology, Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, India; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Era's Lucknow Medical College Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, India
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16
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Regulation of Cell Plasticity by Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain (BET) Proteins: A New Perspective in Glioblastoma Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065665. [PMID: 36982740 PMCID: PMC10055343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BET proteins are a family of multifunctional epigenetic readers, mainly involved in transcriptional regulation through chromatin modelling. Transcriptome handling ability of BET proteins suggests a key role in the modulation of cell plasticity, both in fate decision and in lineage commitment during embryonic development and in pathogenic conditions, including cancerogenesis. Glioblastoma is the most aggressive form of glioma, characterized by a very poor prognosis despite the application of a multimodal therapy. Recently, new insights are emerging about the glioblastoma cellular origin, leading to the hypothesis that several putative mechanisms occur during gliomagenesis. Interestingly, epigenome dysregulation associated with loss of cellular identity and functions are emerging as crucial features of glioblastoma pathogenesis. Therefore, the emerging roles of BET protein in glioblastoma onco-biology and the compelling demand for more effective therapeutic strategies suggest that BET family members could be promising targets for translational breakthroughs in glioblastoma treatment. Primarily, “Reprogramming Therapy”, which is aimed at reverting the malignant phenotype, is now considered a promising strategy for GBM therapy.
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17
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Farheen S, Ahmed SP, Mariyath P M M, Kausar T, Hoda MF, Arif SH, Nayeem SM, Ali A, Chosdol K, Shahi MH. Differential role of Pax6 and its interaction with Shh-Gli1-IDH2 axis in regulation of glioma growth and chemoresistance. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23241. [PMID: 36205257 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is a major brain tumor, and the associated mortality rate is very high. Contemporary therapies provide a chance of survival for 9-12 months. Therefore, a novel approach is essential to improve the survival rate. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) cell signaling is critical for early development in various tumors. This investigation attempted to explore the potential interaction and regulation of Shh-Gli1 cell signaling in association with paired box 6 (Pax6) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2). The expression pattern of Shh, Gli1, Pax6, and IDH2 was examined by transcriptome analysis, immunohistochemistry, and confocal images. The results suggest the interaction of Shh-Gli1 cell signaling pathway with Pax6 and IDH2 and potential regulation. Thereafter, we performed protein-protein docking and molecular dynamic simulations (MDS) of Gli1 with Pax6 and IDH2. The results suggest differential dynamic interactions of Gli1-IDH2 and Gli1-Pax6. Gli1 knockdown downregulated the expression of Pax6 and upregulated the expression of IDH2. Moreover, Gli1 knockdown decreased the expression of the drug resistance gene MRP1. The knockdown of Pax6 gene in glioma cells downregulated the expression of Gli1 and IDH2 and promoted cell proliferation. Moreover, the efficacy of the treatment of glioma cells with temozolomide (TMZ) and Gli1 inhibitor GANT61 was higher than that of TMZ alone. MDS results revealed that the interactions of Gli1 with IDH2 were stronger and more stable than those with Pax6. Intriguingly, inhibition of Pax6 promoted glioma growth even in the presence of TMZ. However, the tumor-suppressive nature of Pax6 was altered when Gli1 was inhibited by GANT61, and it showed potential oncogenic character, as observed in other cancers. Therefore, we conclude that Pax6 interacted with IDH2 and Gli1 in glioma. Moreover, the Shh-Gli1-IDH2/Pax6 cell signaling axis provides a new therapeutic approach for inhibiting the progression of the disease and mitigating drug resistance in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Farheen
- Interdisciplinary Brain Research Centre, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swalih P Ahmed
- Interdisciplinary Brain Research Centre, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mubeena Mariyath P M
- Interdisciplinary Brain Research Centre, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tasneem Kausar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Md Fakhrul Hoda
- Department of Neuro Surgery, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sayeedul H Arif
- Department of Pathology, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shahid M Nayeem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Interdisciplinary Brain Research Centre, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kunzang Chosdol
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mehdi H Shahi
- Interdisciplinary Brain Research Centre, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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18
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Agrawal K, Chauhan S, Kumar D. Expression analysis and regulation of GLI and its correlation with stemness and metabolic alteration in human brain tumor. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:10. [PMID: 36532860 PMCID: PMC9755437 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03419-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
GLI gene-mediated hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays a substantial role in brain cancer development and growth including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), lower-grade glioma (LGG), and medulloblastoma (MB). GLI2 and GLI3 gene expression levels are extremely enhanced in these cancers with poor patient survival. Moreover, GLI genes are correlated with stemness-related factors SOX2, SOX9, POU5F1, and NANOG that work as the driving factors for brain cancer stem cells (CSCs) progression. It's critical to find new ways to combat this deadly malignancy and CSCs. Using in silico approaches, our study explored the role of GLI genes (GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3), the primary transcription factors of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway, in GBM, LGG, MB, and glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs). Additionally, we found strong association of angiogenic-related gene VEGFA, metabolic genes ENO1, ENO2, and pluripotency-related genes SOX2, SOX9, NANOG, POU5F1 with GLI genes, suggesting their role in brain tumor initiation and progression. We also studied their transcriptional network and functional category enrichment analysis about brain tumor development to find a better therapeutic strategy against brain cancer and their stem cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03419-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Agrawal
- School of Health Sciences and Technology (SoHST), UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007 India
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida, 201303 India
| | - Saumya Chauhan
- Amity Global School, Sector 46, Gurugram, Haryana 122018 India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- School of Health Sciences and Technology (SoHST), UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007 India
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec 125, Noida, 201303 India
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Abd-Alameer M, Rajabibazl M, Esmaeilizadeh Z, Fazeli Z. SAG-dihydrochloride enhanced the expression of germ cell markers in the human bone marrow- mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) through the activation of GLI-independent hedgehog signaling pathway. Gene X 2023; 849:146902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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20
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Budimir I, Tomasović-Lončarić Č, Kralik K, Čonkaš J, Eljuga D, Žic R, Gorjanc B, Tucaković H, Caktaš D, Jaman J, Lisek V, Vlajčić Z, Martić K, Ozretić P. Higher Expressions of SHH and AR Are Associated with a Positive Receptor Status and Have Impact on Survival in a Cohort of Croatian Breast Cancer Patients. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101559. [PMID: 36294994 PMCID: PMC9605052 DOI: 10.3390/life12101559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers (BC) are usually classified into four molecular subtypes according to the expression of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) receptors and proliferation marker Ki-67. Despite available anti-hormonal therapies and due to the inherent propensity of some subtypes to develop metastasis, there is a permanent need to discover new prognostic and predictive biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets for BC. In this study, we used immunohistochemical staining to determine the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and sonic hedgehog protein (SHH), the main ligand of the Hedgehog-GLI (HH-GLI) signaling pathway, in 185 archival primary BC tissue samples and correlated it with clinicopathological characteristics, molecular subtypes, receptors statuses, and survival in a cohort of Croatian BC patients. Results showed that higher SHH and AR expressions were associated with positive receptor status, but increased SHH expression had a negative impact on survival in receptor-negative BCs. On the contrary, higher AR expression was mostly protective. However, multivariate analysis showed that only higher AR expression could be considered as an independent prognostic biomarker for poorer overall survival in triple-negative breast cancer patients (TNBC) (HR 10.9, 95% CI 1.43-83.67; p = 0.021), what could be Croatian population-related. SHH could be a potential target for treating TNBCs and HER2-enriched BCs, in cases where HH-GLI signaling is canonical (SHH-dependent).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Budimir
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Čedna Tomasović-Lončarić
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Kralik
- Department of Medical Statistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Josipa Čonkaš
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Eljuga
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Libertas International University, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rado Žic
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Božo Gorjanc
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Tucaković
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Doroteja Caktaš
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Jaman
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valentino Lisek
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zlatko Vlajčić
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Krešimir Martić
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (P.O.); Tel.: +385-98-752-178 (K.M.); +385-98-659-083 (P.O.)
| | - Petar Ozretić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (P.O.); Tel.: +385-98-752-178 (K.M.); +385-98-659-083 (P.O.)
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21
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Paulissen E, Martin BL. Myogenic regulatory factors Myod and Myf5 are required for dorsal aorta formation and angiogenic sprouting. Dev Biol 2022; 490:134-143. [PMID: 35917935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate embryonic midline vasculature forms in close proximity to the developing skeletal muscle, which originates in the somites. Angioblasts migrate from bilateral positions along the ventral edge of the somites until they meet at the midline, where they sort and differentiate into the dorsal aorta and the cardinal vein. This migration occurs at the same time that myoblasts in the somites are beginning to differentiate into skeletal muscle, a process which requires the activity of the basic helix loop helix (bHLH) transcription factors Myod and Myf5. Here we examined vasculature formation in myod and myf5 mutant zebrafish. In the absence of skeletal myogenesis, angioblasts migrate normally to the midline but form only the cardinal vein and not the dorsal aorta. The phenotype is due to the failure to activate vascular endothelial growth factor ligand vegfaa expression in the somites, which in turn is required in the adjacent angioblasts for dorsal aorta specification. Myod and Myf5 cooperate with Hedgehog signaling to activate and later maintain vegfaa expression in the medial somites, which is required for angiogenic sprouting from the dorsal aorta. Our work reveals that the early embryonic skeletal musculature in teleosts evolved to organize the midline vasculature during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Paulissen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United States
| | - Benjamin L Martin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, United States.
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22
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Kurtović M, Piteša N, Bartoniček N, Ozretić P, Musani V, Čonkaš J, Petrić T, King C, Sabol M. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq Identification of Unique and Overlapping Targets of GLI Transcription Factors in Melanoma Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184540. [PMID: 36139698 PMCID: PMC9497141 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite significant progress in therapy, melanoma still has a rising incidence worldwide, and novel treatment strategies are needed. Recently, researchers have recognized the involvement of the Hedgehog-GLI (HH-GLI) signaling pathway in melanoma and its consistent crosstalk with the MAPK pathway. In order to further investigate the link between the two pathways and to find new target genes that could be considered for combination therapy, we set out to find transcriptional targets of all three GLI proteins in melanoma. METHODS We performed RNA sequencing on three melanoma cell lines (CHL-1, A375, and MEL224) with overexpressed GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3 and combined them with the results of ChIP-sequencing on endogenous GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3 proteins. After combining these results, 21 targets were selected for validation by qPCR. RESULTS RNA-seq revealed a total of 808 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for GLI1, 941 DEGs for GLI2, and 58 DEGs for GLI3. ChIP-seq identified 527 genes that contained GLI1 binding sites in their promoters, 1103 for GLI2 and 553 for GLI3. A total of 15 of these targets were validated in the tested cell lines, 6 of which were detected by both RNA-seq and ChIP-seq. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides insight into the unique and overlapping transcriptional output of the GLI proteins in melanoma. We suggest that our findings could provide new potential targets to consider while designing melanoma-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matea Kurtović
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Piteša
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nenad Bartoniček
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- The Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, 370 Victoria St., Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Petar Ozretić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vesna Musani
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josipa Čonkaš
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tina Petrić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Cecile King
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Maja Sabol
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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23
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Wang H, Lai Q, Wang D, Pei J, Tian B, Gao Y, Gao Z, Xu X. Hedgehog signaling regulates the development and treatment of glioblastoma. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:294. [PMID: 35949611 PMCID: PMC9353242 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and fatal malignant tumor type of the central nervous system. GBM affects public health and it is important to identify biomarkers to improve diagnosis, reduce drug resistance and improve prognosis (e.g., personalized targeted therapies). Hedgehog (HH) signaling has an important role in embryonic development, tissue regeneration and stem cell renewal. A large amount of evidence indicates that both normative and non-normative HH signals have an important role in GBM. The present study reviewed the role of the HH signaling pathway in the occurrence and progression of GBM. Furthermore, the effectiveness of drugs that target different components of the HH pathway was also examined. The HH pathway has an important role in reversing drug resistance after GBM conventional treatment. The present review highlighted the relevance of HH signaling in GBM and outlined that this pathway has a key role in the occurrence, development and treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Qun Lai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Pei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Baogang Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Yunhe Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoguo Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
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24
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Zhang Q, Gong W, Wu H, Wang J, Jin Q, Lin C, Xu S, Bao W, Wang Y, Wu J, Feng S, Zhao C, Chen B, Liu Z. DKK1 suppresses WWP2 to enhance bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma via regulating GLI2 ubiquitination. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:1223-1231. [PMID: 34546340 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bortezomib-based chemotherapy represents the most prevalent regimens for multiple myeloma (MM), whereas acquired drug resistance remains a major obstacle. Myeloma cells often produce excessive amount of dickkopf-1 (DKK1), giving rise to myeloma bone disease. However, it remains obscure about the effects and mechanisms of DKK1 in the progression and bortezomib responsiveness of MM cells. In the current study, we found WWP2, an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, was downregulated in the bortezomib-resistant cells along with high expression of DKK1. Further investigation revealed that WWP2 was a direct target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and DKK1 suppressed the expression of WWP2 via canonical Wnt signaling. We further identified that WWP2 mediated the ubiquitination and degradation of GLI2, a main transcriptional factor of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. Therefore, DKK1-induced WWP2 downregulation improved GLI2 stability and activation of Hh signaling pathway, contributing to the resistance to bortezomib of MM cells. Clinical data also validated that WWP2 expression was associated with the treatment response and clinic outcomes of MM patients. WWP2 overexpression restricted MM progression and enhanced cell sensitivity to bortezomib treatment in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that DKK1 facilitates the generation of bortezomib resistance in MM via downregulating WWP2 and activating Hh pathway. Thus, the manipulation of DKK1-WWP2-GLI2 axis might sensitize myeloma cells to proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiguo Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hematology, Chuzhou First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui
| | - Wenyu Gong
- Department of Hematology, Chuzhou First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qichuan Jin
- Department of Hematology, Chuzhou First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui
| | - Chun Lin
- Department of Hematology, Chuzhou First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui
| | - Shiyun Xu
- Department of Hematology, Chuzhou First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui
| | - Wenqiang Bao
- Department of Hematology, Chuzhou First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Chuzhou First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Hematology, Chuzhou First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui
| | - Shanshan Feng
- Department of Hematology, Chuzhou First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui
| | - Changzhi Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Chuzhou First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chuzhou, Anhui
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Heping, Tianjin, China
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25
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Tusa I, Gagliardi S, Tubita A, Pandolfi S, Menconi A, Lulli M, Dello Sbarba P, Stecca B, Rovida E. The Hedgehog-GLI Pathway Regulates MEK5-ERK5 Expression and Activation in Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11259. [PMID: 34681917 PMCID: PMC8538987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer, with a poor prognosis in advanced stages. We recently showed that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5), encoded by the MAPK7 gene, plays a pivotal role in melanoma by regulating cell functions necessary for tumour development, such as proliferation. Hedgehog-GLI signalling is constitutively active in melanoma and is required for proliferation. However, no data are available in literature about a possible interplay between Hedgehog-GLI and ERK5 pathways. Here, we show that hyperactivation of the Hedgehog-GLI pathway by genetic inhibition of the negative regulator Patched 1 increases the amount of ERK5 mRNA and protein. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that GLI1, the major downstream effector of Hedgehog-GLI signalling, binds to a functional non-canonical GLI consensus sequence at the MAPK7 promoter. Furthermore, we found that ERK5 is required for Hedgehog-GLI-dependent melanoma cell proliferation, and that the combination of GLI and ERK5 inhibitors is more effective than single treatments in reducing cell viability and colony formation ability in melanoma cells. Together, these findings led to the identification of a novel Hedgehog-GLI-ERK5 axis that regulates melanoma cell growth, and shed light on new functions of ERK5, paving the way for new therapeutic options in melanoma and other neoplasms with active Hedgehog-GLI and ERK5 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazia Tusa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (I.T.); (A.T.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (P.D.S.)
| | - Sinforosa Gagliardi
- Core Research Laboratory-Institute for Cancer Research and Prevention (ISPRO), 50134 Florence, Italy; (S.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Alessandro Tubita
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (I.T.); (A.T.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (P.D.S.)
| | - Silvia Pandolfi
- Core Research Laboratory-Institute for Cancer Research and Prevention (ISPRO), 50134 Florence, Italy; (S.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Alessio Menconi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (I.T.); (A.T.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (P.D.S.)
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (I.T.); (A.T.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (P.D.S.)
| | - Persio Dello Sbarba
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (I.T.); (A.T.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (P.D.S.)
| | - Barbara Stecca
- Core Research Laboratory-Institute for Cancer Research and Prevention (ISPRO), 50134 Florence, Italy; (S.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Rovida
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (I.T.); (A.T.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (P.D.S.)
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26
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Chai JY, Sugumar V, Alshawsh MA, Wong WF, Arya A, Chong PP, Looi CY. The Role of Smoothened-Dependent and -Independent Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Tumorigenesis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1188. [PMID: 34572373 PMCID: PMC8466551 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh)-glioma-associated oncogene homolog (GLI) signaling pathway is highly conserved among mammals, with crucial roles in regulating embryonic development as well as in cancer initiation and progression. The GLI transcription factors (GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3) are effectors of the Hh pathway and are regulated via Smoothened (SMO)-dependent and SMO-independent mechanisms. The SMO-dependent route involves the common Hh-PTCH-SMO axis, and mutations or transcriptional and epigenetic dysregulation at these levels lead to the constitutive activation of GLI transcription factors. Conversely, the SMO-independent route involves the SMO bypass regulation of GLI transcription factors by external signaling pathways and their interacting proteins or by epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of GLI transcription factors expression. Both routes of GLI activation, when dysregulated, have been heavily implicated in tumorigenesis of many known cancers, making them important targets for cancer treatment. Hence, this review describes the various SMO-dependent and SMO-independent routes of GLI regulation in the tumorigenesis of multiple cancers in order to provide a holistic view of the paradigms of hedgehog signaling networks involving GLI regulation. An in-depth understanding of the complex interplay between GLI and various signaling elements could help inspire new therapeutic breakthroughs for the treatment of Hh-GLI-dependent cancers in the future. Lastly, we have presented an up-to-date summary of the latest findings concerning the use of Hh inhibitors in clinical developmental studies and discussed the challenges, perspectives, and possible directions regarding the use of SMO/GLI inhibitors in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yi Chai
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (J.Y.C.); (P.P.C.)
| | - Vaisnevee Sugumar
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
| | | | - Won Fen Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Aditya Arya
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Building 184, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Pei Pei Chong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (J.Y.C.); (P.P.C.)
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology (CDDMP), Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (J.Y.C.); (P.P.C.)
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology (CDDMP), Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, 1 Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
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Jo E, Jang HJ, Shen L, Yang KE, Jang MS, Huh YH, Yoo HS, Park J, Jang IS, Park SJ. Cordyceps militaris Exerts Anticancer Effect on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Inhibiting Hedgehog Signaling via Suppression of TCTN3. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 19:1534735420923756. [PMID: 32456485 PMCID: PMC7265736 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420923756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Cordyceps
militaris extract on the proliferation and apoptosis of non–small
cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and determine the underlying mechanisms. We
performed a CCK-8 assay to detect cell proliferation, detection of morphological
changes through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), annexin V–FITC/PI double
staining to analyze apoptosis, and immunoblotting to measure the protein
expression of apoptosis and hedgehog signaling–related proteins, with C
militaris treated NSCLC cells. In this study, we first found that
C militaris reduced the viability and induced morphological
disruption in NSCLC cells. The gene expression profiles indicated a
reprogramming pattern of genes and transcription factors associated with the
action of TCTN3 on NSCLC cells. We also confirmed that the C
militaris–induced inhibition of TCTN3 expression affected the
hedgehog signaling pathway. Immunoblotting indicated that C
militaris–mediated TCTN3 downregulation induced apoptosis in NSCLC
cells, involved in the serial activation of caspases. Moreover, we demonstrated
that the C militaris negatively modulated GLI1 transcriptional
activity by suppressing SMO/PTCH1 signaling, which affects the intrinsic
apoptotic pathway. When hedgehog binds to the PTCH1, SMO dissociates from PTCH1
inhibition at cilia. As a result, the active GLI1 translocates to the nucleus.
C militaris clearly suppressed GLI1 nuclear translocation,
leading to Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL down-regulation. These results suggested that
C militaris induced NSCLC cell apoptosis, possibly through
the downregulation of SMO/PTCH1 signaling and GLI1 activation via inhibition of
TCTN3. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the treatment of
NSCLC using C militaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunbi Jo
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
- Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of
Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Jang
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic
of Korea
| | - Lei Shen
- Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of
Korea
| | | | | | - Yang Hoon Huh
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju,
Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Ik Soon Jang
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Ik Soon Jang, Division of Bioconvergence
Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwahangno 113, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon
305-333, Republic of Korea.
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Metabolic impacts of cordycepin on hepatic proteomic expression in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256140. [PMID: 34388207 PMCID: PMC8363009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with abnormal liver function, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Cordycepin improves hepatic metabolic pathways leading to recovery from liver damage. We investigated the effects of cordycepin in streptozotocin-induced T1DM mice via the expression of liver proteins. Twenty-four mice were divided into four equal groups: normal (N), normal mice treated with cordycepin (N+COR), diabetic mice (DM), and diabetic mice treated with cordycepin (DM+COR). Mice in each treatment group were intraperitoneally injection of cordycepin at dose 24 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days. Body weight, blood glucose, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates were measured. Liver tissue protein profiling was performed using shotgun proteomics, while protein function and protein-protein interaction were predicted using PANTHER and STITCH v.5.0 software, respectively. No significant difference was observed in fasting blood glucose levels between DM and DM+COR for all time intervals. However, a significant decrease in final body weight, food intake, and water intake in DM+COR was found. Hepatic oxaloacetate and citrate levels were significantly increased in DM+COR compared to DM. Furthermore, 11 and 36 proteins were only expressed by the N+COR and DM+COR groups, respectively. Three unique proteins in DM+COR, namely, Nfat3, Flcn, and Psma3 were correlated with the production of ATP, AMPK signaling pathway, and ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), respectively. Interestingly, a protein detected in N+COR and DM+COR (Gli3) was linked with the insulin signaling pathway. In conclusion, cordycepin might help in preventing hepatic metabolism by regulating the expression of energy-related protein and UPS to maintain cell survival. Further work on predicting the performance of metabolic mechanisms regarding the therapeutic applications of cordycepin will be performed in future.
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Trnski D, Sabol M, Tomić S, Štefanac I, Mrčela M, Musani V, Rinčić N, Kurtović M, Petrić T, Levanat S, Ozretić P. SHH-N non-canonically sustains androgen receptor activity in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14880. [PMID: 34290270 PMCID: PMC8295376 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93971-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most frequent cancer diagnosed in men worldwide. Localized disease can be successfully treated, but advanced cases are more problematic. After initial effectiveness of androgen deprivation therapy, resistance quickly occurs. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of Hedgehog-GLI (HH-GLI) signaling in sustaining androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer cells. We found various modes of HH-GLI signaling activation in prostate cancer cells depending on androgen availability. When androgen was not deprived, we found evidence of non-canonical SMO signaling through the SRC kinase. After short-term androgen deprivation canonical HH-GLI signaling was activated, but we found little evidence of canonical HH-GLI signaling activity in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. We show that in androgen-independent cells the pathway ligand, SHH-N, non-canonically binds to the androgen receptor through its cholesterol modification. Inhibition of this interaction leads to androgen receptor signaling downregulation. This implies that SHH-N activates the androgen receptor and sustains androgen-independence. Targeting this interaction might prove to be a valuable strategy for advanced prostate cancer treatment. Also, other non-canonical aspects of this signaling pathway should be investigated in more detail and considered when developing potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Trnski
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Tomić
- Laboratory for Protein Biochemistry and Molecular Modelling, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ivan Štefanac
- Primary Health Care Center Osijek, Park kralja Petra Krešimira IV 6, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Milanka Mrčela
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Hospital Centre Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vesna Musani
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Rinčić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matea Kurtović
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tina Petrić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sonja Levanat
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petar Ozretić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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30
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Kotulak-Chrząszcz A, Kmieć Z, Wierzbicki PM. Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway in gynecological and genitourinary cancer (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:106. [PMID: 33907821 PMCID: PMC8057295 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the urinary tract, as well as those of the female and male reproductive systems, account for a large percentage of malignancies worldwide. Mortality is frequently affected by late diagnosis or therapeutic difficulties. The Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway is an evolutionary conserved molecular cascade, which is mainly associated with the development of the central nervous system in fetal life. The present review aimed to provide an in‑depth summary of the SHH signaling pathway, including the characterization of its major components, the mechanism of its upstream regulation and non‑canonical activation, as well as its interactions with other cellular pathways. In addition, the three possible mechanisms of the cellular SHH cascade in cancer tissue are discussed. The aim of the present review was to summarize significant findings with regards to the expression of the SHH pathway components in kidney, bladder, ovarian, cervical and prostate cancer. Reports associated with common deficits and de‑regulations of the SHH pathway were summarized, despite the differences in molecular and histological patterns among these malignancies. However, currently, neither are SHH pathway elements included in panels of prognostic/therapeutic molecular patterns in any of the discussed cancers, nor have the drugs targeting SMO or GLIs been approved for therapy. The findings of the present review may support future studies on the treatment of and/or molecular targets for gynecological and genitourinary cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Piotr M. Wierzbicki
- Correspondence to: Dr Piotr M. Wierzbicki, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Debinki 1, 80211 Gdansk, Poland, E-mail:
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31
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Jing D, Li C, Yao K, Xie X, Wang P, Zhao H, Feng JQ, Zhao Z, Wu Y, Wang J. The vital role of Gli1 + mesenchymal stem cells in tissue development and homeostasis. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6077-6089. [PMID: 33533019 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays an essential role in both tissue development and homeostasis. Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is one of the vital transcriptional factors as well as the direct target gene in the Hh signaling pathway. The cells expressing the Gli1 gene (Gli1+ cells) have been identified as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are responsible for various tissue developments, homeostasis, and injury repair. This review outlines some recent discoveries on the crucial roles of Gli1+ MSCs in the development and homeostasis of varieties of hard and soft tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaoyuan Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xudong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jian Q Feng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yafei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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32
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Ichimiya S, Onishi H, Nagao S, Koga S, Sakihama K, Nakayama K, Fujimura A, Oyama Y, Imaizumi A, Oda Y, Nakamura M. GLI2 but not GLI1/GLI3 plays a central role in the induction of malignant phenotype of gallbladder cancer. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:997-1010. [PMID: 33650666 PMCID: PMC7860001 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.7947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that Hedgehog (Hh) signal was enhanced in gallbladder cancer (GBC) and was involved in the induction of malignant phenotype of GBC. In recent years, therapeutics that target Hh signaling have focused on molecules downstream of smoothened (SMO). The three transcription factors in the Hh signal pathway, glioma‑associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1), GLI2, and GLI3, function downstream of SMO, but their biological role in GBC remains unclear. In the present study, the biological significance of GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3 were analyzed with the aim of developing novel treatments for GBC. It was revealed that GLI2, but not GLI1 or GLI3, was involved in the cell cycle‑mediated proliferative capacity in GBC and that GLI2, but not GLI1 or GLI3, was involved in the enhanced invasive capacity through epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. Further analyses revealed that GLI2 may function in mediating gemcitabine sensitivity and that GLI2 was involved in the promotion of fibrosis in a mouse xenograft model. Immunohistochemical staining of 66 surgically resected GBC tissues revealed that GLI2‑high expression patients had fewer numbers of CD3+ and CD8+ tumor‑infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and increased programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‑L1) expression in cancer cells. These results suggest that GLI2, but not GLI1 or GLI3, is involved in proliferation, invasion, fibrosis, PD‑L1 expression, and TILs in GBC and could be a novel therapeutic target. The results of this study provide a significant contribution to the development of a new treatment for refractory GBC, which has few therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Ichimiya
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Hideya Onishi
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Nagao
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Satoko Koga
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Kukiko Sakihama
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nakayama
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Fujimura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Oyama
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Akira Imaizumi
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
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Iriana S, Asha K, Repak M, Sharma-Walia N. Hedgehog Signaling: Implications in Cancers and Viral Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1042. [PMID: 33494284 PMCID: PMC7864517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway is primarily involved in embryonic gut development, smooth muscle differentiation, cell proliferation, adult tissue homeostasis, tissue repair following injury, and tissue polarity during the development of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. GLIoma-associated oncogene homolog (GLI) family of zinc-finger transcription factors and smoothened (SMO) are the signal transducers of the SHH pathway. Both SHH ligand-dependent and independent mechanisms activate GLI proteins. Various transcriptional mechanisms, posttranslational modifications (phosphorylation, ubiquitination, proteolytic processing, SUMOylation, and acetylation), and nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling control the activity of SHH signaling pathway proteins. The dysregulated SHH pathway is associated with bone and soft tissue sarcomas, GLIomas, medulloblastomas, leukemias, and tumors of breast, lung, skin, prostate, brain, gastric, and pancreas. While extensively studied in development and sarcomas, GLI family proteins play an essential role in many host-pathogen interactions, including bacterial and viral infections and their associated cancers. Viruses hijack host GLI family transcription factors and their downstream signaling cascades to enhance the viral gene transcription required for replication and pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss a distinct role(s) of GLI proteins in the process of tumorigenesis and host-pathogen interactions in the context of viral infection-associated malignancies and cancers due to other causes. Here, we emphasize the potential of the Hedgehog (HH) pathway targeting as a potential anti-cancer therapeutic approach, which in the future could also be tested in infection-associated fatalities.
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Infante P, Malfanti A, Quaglio D, Balducci S, De Martin S, Bufalieri F, Mastrotto F, Basili I, Garofalo M, Lospinoso Severini L, Mori M, Manni I, Moretti M, Nicoletti C, Piaggio G, Caliceti P, Botta B, Ghirga F, Salmaso S, Di Marcotullio L. Glabrescione B delivery by self-assembling micelles efficiently inhibits tumor growth in preclinical models of Hedgehog-dependent medulloblastoma. Cancer Lett 2020; 499:220-231. [PMID: 33249196 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway leads to the development of several tumors, including medulloblastoma (MB), the most common pediatric brain malignancy. Hh inhibitors acting on GLI1, the final effector of Hh signaling, offer a valuable opportunity to overcome the pitfalls of the existing therapies to treat Hh-driven cancers. In this study, the toxicity, delivery, biodistribution, and anticancer efficacy of Glabrescione B (GlaB), a selective GLI1 inhibitor, were investigated in preclinical models of Hh-dependent MB. To overcome its poor water solubility, GlaB was formulated with a self-assembling amphiphilic polymer forming micelles, called mPEG5kDa-cholane. mPEG5kDa-cholane/GlaB showed high drug loading and stability, low cytotoxicity, and long permanence in the bloodstream. We found that mPEG5kDa-cholane efficiently enhanced the solubility of GlaB, thus avoiding the use of organic solvents. mPEG5kDa-cholane/GlaB possesses favorable pharmacokinetics and negligible toxicity. Remarkably, GlaB encapsulated in mPEG5kDa-cholane micelles was delivered through the blood-brain barrier and drastically inhibited tumor growth in both allograft and orthotopic models of Hh-dependent MB. Our findings reveal that mPEG5kDa-cholane/GlaB is a good candidate for the treatment of Hh-driven tumors and provide relevant implications for the translation of GlaB into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Infante
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessio Malfanti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Deborah Quaglio
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Silvia Balducci
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Sara De Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Mastrotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Irene Basili
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Mariangela Garofalo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Mattia Mori
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Isabella Manni
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Roma, Italy
| | - Marta Moretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Carmine Nicoletti
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy; Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Caliceti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Bruno Botta
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Roma, Italy.
| | - Stefano Salmaso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Lucia Di Marcotullio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy; Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy.
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35
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Dusek CO, Hadden MK. Targeting the GLI family of transcription factors for the development of anti-cancer drugs. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:289-302. [PMID: 33006903 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1832078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION GLI1 is a transcription factor that has been identified as a downstream effector for multiple tumorigenic signaling pathways. These include the Hedgehog, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK, and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways, which have all been separately validated as individual anti-cancer drug targets. The identification of GLI1 as a key transcriptional regulator for each of these pathways highlights its promise as a therapeutic target. Small molecule GLI1 inhibitors are potentially efficacious against human malignancies arising from multiple oncogenic mechanisms. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of the key oncogenic cellular pathways that regulate GLI1 transcriptional activity. It also provides a detailed account of small molecule GLI1 inhibitors that are currently under development as potential anti-cancer chemotherapeutics. EXPERT OPINION Interest in developing inhibitors of GLI1-mediated transcription has significantly increased as its role in multiple oncogenic signaling pathways has been elucidated. To date, it has proven difficult to directly target GLI1 with small molecules, and the majority of compounds that inhibit GLI1 activity function through indirect mechanisms. To date, no direct-acting GLI1 inhibitor has entered clinical trials. The identification and development of new scaffolds that can bind and directly inhibit GLI1 are essential to further advance this class of chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher O Dusek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - M Kyle Hadden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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Zubčić V, Rinčić N, Kurtović M, Trnski D, Musani V, Ozretić P, Levanat S, Leović D, Sabol M. GANT61 and Lithium Chloride Inhibit the Growth of Head and Neck Cancer Cell Lines Through the Regulation of GLI3 Processing by GSK3β. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176410. [PMID: 32899202 PMCID: PMC7504345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several signaling pathways are aberrantly activated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), including the Hedgehog-Gli (HH-GLI), WNT, EGFR, and NOTCH pathways. The HH-GLI pathway has mostly been investigated in the context of canonical signal transduction and the inhibition of the membrane components of the pathway. In this work we investigated the role of downstream inhibitors GANT61 and lithium chloride (LiCl) on cell viability, wound closure, and colony forming ability of HNSCC cell lines. Five HNSCC cell lines were treated with HH-GLI pathway inhibitors affecting different levels of signal transduction. GANT61 and LiCl reduce the proliferation and colony formation capabilities of HNSCC cell lines, and LiCl has an additional effect on wound closure. The major effector of the HH-GLI signaling pathway in HNSCC is the GLI3 protein, which is expressed in its full-length form and is functionally regulated by GSK3β. LiCl treatment increases the inhibitory Ser9 phosphorylation of the GSK3β protein, leading to increased processing of GLI3 from full-length to repressor form, thus inhibiting HH-GLI pathway activity. Therefore, downstream inhibition of HH-GLI signaling may be a promising therapeutic strategy for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedran Zubčić
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Osijek, Ulica Josipa Huttlera 4, Osijek 31000, Croatia;
- School of Medicine, The Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Rinčić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (N.R.); (M.K.); (D.T.); (V.M.); (P.O.); (S.L.)
| | - Matea Kurtović
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (N.R.); (M.K.); (D.T.); (V.M.); (P.O.); (S.L.)
| | - Diana Trnski
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (N.R.); (M.K.); (D.T.); (V.M.); (P.O.); (S.L.)
| | - Vesna Musani
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (N.R.); (M.K.); (D.T.); (V.M.); (P.O.); (S.L.)
| | - Petar Ozretić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (N.R.); (M.K.); (D.T.); (V.M.); (P.O.); (S.L.)
| | - Sonja Levanat
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (N.R.); (M.K.); (D.T.); (V.M.); (P.O.); (S.L.)
| | - Dinko Leović
- School of Medicine, The Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, Osijek 31000, Croatia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kišpatićeva ulica 12, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (M.S.); Tel.: +385-1-2388-888 (D.L.); +385-1-4560-997 (M.S.)
| | - Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (N.R.); (M.K.); (D.T.); (V.M.); (P.O.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (M.S.); Tel.: +385-1-2388-888 (D.L.); +385-1-4560-997 (M.S.)
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Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors: A New Therapeutic Class for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Blood Cancer Discov 2020; 1:134-145. [DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-20-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Dong Z, Wang Y, Ding V, Yan X, Lv Y, Zhong M, Zhu F, Zhao P, He C, Ding F, Shi H. GLI1 activation is a key mechanism of erlotinib resistance in human non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:76. [PMID: 32863909 PMCID: PMC7436900 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. In recent years, the advancement of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) targeted therapies has provided clinical benefits for lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations. The response to EGFR-TKI varies in patients with lung cancer, and resistance typically develops during the course of the treatment. Therefore, understanding biomarkers which can predict resistance to EGFR-TKI is important. Overexpression of GLI causes activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway and plays a critical role in oncogenesis in numerous types of cancer. In the present study, the role of GLI1 in erlotinib resistance was investigated. GLI1 mRNA and protein expression levels were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in lung cancer cell lines and tumor specimens, respectively. GLI1 mRNA expression levels were found to be positively correlated with the IC50 of erlotinib in 15 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. The downregulation of GLI1 using siRNA sensitized lung cancer cells to the erlotinib treatment, whereas the overexpression of GLI1 increased the survival of lung cancer cells in the presence of erlotinib, indicating that Hh/GLI activation may play a critical role in the development of TKI resistance in lung cancer. Combined treatment with erlotinib and a GLI1 inhibitor reduced the cell viability synergistically. A retrospective study of patients with NSCLC treated with erlotinib revealed that those with a high IHC score for GLI1 protein expression had a poorer prognosis. These results indicated that GLI1 is a key regulator for TKI sensitivity, and patients with lung cancer may benefit from the combined treatment of TKI and GLI1 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouhuan Dong
- Department of Pathology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Vivianne Ding
- Thoracic Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Xiang Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yali Lv
- Department of Pathology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Fengwei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Po Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Charlotte He
- Thoracic Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Feng Ding
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology and Precision Medicine Center, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314006, P.R. China.,ACCB Diagnostic Laboratory, Yangze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University Zhejiang, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314006, P.R. China
| | - Huaiyin Shi
- Department of Pathology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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Luan J, Tao H, Su Y. Taladegib controls early chondrocyte hypertrophy via inhibiting smoothened/Gli1 pathway. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:1985-1993. [PMID: 32509193 PMCID: PMC7269998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chondrocyte hypertrophy is a common phenomenon in osteoarthritis (OA). Indian hedgehog (Ihh) is secreted by pre-hypertrophic chondrocytes, which regulates the hypertrophy and mineralization of chondrocytes during cartilage osteogenesis. Smoothened (Smo) is a connecting protein among the Ihh signaling pathway that triggers glioma-associated oncogene homologue 1 (Gli1) to active the hypertrophic process. In this study, we aimed to examine a new inhibitor of Smo in the prevention of chondrocyte hypertrophy during OA. We collected human joint cartilage from the OA patients undergoing knee arthroplasty. Chondrocytes in different OA degrees were isolated and divided them into mild and severe groups. Alginate beads (ABs) was used to establish a chondrocyte hypertrophy model. The expression of type X collagen, MMP-13, Runx-2, type II collagen, SOX-9, and aggrecan were determined using immunofluorescence, Western blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to assess the viability of chondrocytes. ABs treatment accelerated the process of chondrocyte hypertrophy and upregulated the expression of type X collagen, Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), Runx-2 but decreased type II collagen, SOX-9, and aggrecan both in protein and mRNA levels, which abolished by the present of Taladegib with the activation of Smo and Gli1. However, in the severe OA chondrocytes, Taladegib lost the ability to reverse hypertrophic chondrocytes to a healthy state and made no sense to the expression of type X collagen and Gli1. Our results reveal Taladegib as a novel drug in controlling chondrocyte hypertrophy depending on Smo blocking, which plays a vital role in the homeostasis of cartilage and the development of OA. Besides, we found that Taladegib only works in the previous stage of chondrocytes hypertrophy but not in the later of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Luan
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Yantaishan HospitalYantai 264000, China
| | - Haitao Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third People Hospital of QingdaoQingdao 266041, China
| | - Yue Su
- Operating Room, Qingdao Haici Medical GroupQingdao 266033, China
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Lavin DP, Tiwari VK. Unresolved Complexity in the Gene Regulatory Network Underlying EMT. Front Oncol 2020; 10:554. [PMID: 32477926 PMCID: PMC7235173 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the process whereby a polarized epithelial cell ceases to maintain cell-cell contacts, loses expression of characteristic epithelial cell markers, and acquires mesenchymal cell markers and properties such as motility, contractile ability, and invasiveness. A complex process that occurs during development and many disease states, EMT involves a plethora of transcription factors (TFs) and signaling pathways. Whilst great advances have been made in both our understanding of the progressive cell-fate changes during EMT and the gene regulatory networks that drive this process, there are still gaps in our knowledge. Epigenetic modifications are dynamic, chromatin modifying enzymes are vast and varied, transcription factors are pleiotropic, and signaling pathways are multifaceted and rarely act alone. Therefore, it is of great importance that we decipher and understand each intricate step of the process and how these players at different levels crosstalk with each other to successfully orchestrate EMT. A delicate balance and fine-tuned cooperation of gene regulatory mechanisms is required for EMT to occur successfully, and until we resolve the unknowns in this network, we cannot hope to develop effective therapies against diseases that involve aberrant EMT such as cancer. In this review, we focus on data that challenge these unknown entities underlying EMT, starting with EMT stimuli followed by intracellular signaling through to epigenetic mechanisms and chromatin remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijay K. Tiwari
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Hedgehog Inhibitors Suppress Osteoclastogenesis in In Vitro Cultures, and Deletion of Smo in Macrophage/Osteoclast Lineage Prevents Age-Related Bone Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082745. [PMID: 32326611 PMCID: PMC7216259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional role of the Hedgehog (Hh)-signaling pathway has been widely investigated in bone physiology/development. Previous studies have, however, focused primarily on Hh functions in bone formation, while its roles in bone resorption have not been fully elucidated. Here, we found that cyclopamine (smoothened (Smo) inhibitor), GANT-58 (GLI1 inhibitor), or GANT-61 (GLI1/2 inhibitor) significantly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages. Although the inhibitory effects were exerted by cyclopamine or GANT-61 treatment during 0–48 h (early stage of osteoclast differentiation) or 48–96 h (late stage of osteoclast differentiation) after RANKL stimulation, GANT-58 suppressed osteoclast formation only during the early stage. These results suggest that the Smo-GLI1/2 axis mediates the whole process of osteoclastogenesis and that GLI1 activation is requisite only during early cellular events of osteoclastogenesis. Additionally, macrophage/osteoclast-specific deletion of Smo in mice was found to attenuate the aging phenotype characterized by trabecular low bone mass, suggesting that blockage of the Hh-signaling pathway in the osteoclast lineage plays a protective role against age-related bone loss. Our findings reveal a specific role of the Hh-signaling pathway in bone resorption and highlight that its inhibitors show potential as therapeutic agents that block osteoclast formation in the treatment of senile osteoporosis.
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Feng J, Wang T. MicroRNA-873 serves a critical role in human cervical cancer proliferation and metastasis via regulating glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:1243-1250. [PMID: 32010295 PMCID: PMC6966164 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a common gynecological malignancy with high morbidity worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve critical roles in cervical cancer progression. Accumulating evidence indicates that miR-873 functions as a tumor suppressor in certain types of cancer. However, the function and mechanism of miR-873 in the progression of cervical cancer have not been completely elucidated. In the present study, the role and mechanism of miR-873 in the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells were investigated. miR-873 expression was markedly decreased in cervical cancer, while glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1) was found to be a direct target of miR-873 by conducting dual-luciferase reporter assays. Furthermore, miR-873 overexpression reduced the expression of GLI1, and decreased the proliferation, metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cancer cells. In rescue experiments, overexpression of GLI1 in cervical cancer cells effectively reversed the inhibitory effect induced by miR-873 mimics. Therefore, the results of the present study suggested that miR-873 functions as a tumor suppressor miRNA, and future studies should address its potential application in the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Feng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Weifang Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261042, P.R. China
| | - Tingfeng Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Weifang Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261042, P.R. China
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Wang T, Feng J, Zhang A. miR-584 inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and enhances the sensitivity to cisplatin in human cervical cancer by negatively targeting GLI1. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2059-2066. [PMID: 32104266 PMCID: PMC7027228 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the most lethal malignancy amongst women worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) play a critical role in the progression of cervical cancer. Compelling evidence indicates that miR-584 acts as a tumor suppressor in some types of cancers. However, the function of miR-584 in cervical cancer has not been illustrated. In the present study, the effects and mechanism of miR-584 in the process of proliferation, migration and invasion, and drug sensitivity to cisplatin in cervical cancer were determined. miR-584 expression decreased markedly in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines compared with healthy control samples. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that glioma-associated oncogene 1 (GLI1) is a novel molecular target of miR-584. The overexpression of miR-584 inhibited the expression of GLI1, reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. However, the silencing of miR-584 in CaSki cells produced the opposite effects. In addition, the overexpression of GLI1 in HeLa-cells overexpressing miR-584 markedly reversed the miR-584-induced inhibitory effect. Flow cytometry results showed that miR-584 enhanced cisplatin sensitivity by promoting chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Therefore, miR-584 acted as a tumor suppressor miRNA and might be a novel target gene for future cervical cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfeng Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Weifang Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261042, P.R. China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Weifang Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261042, P.R. China
| | - Aiyun Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, AnQiu Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261042, P.R. China
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Belgacemi R, Luczka E, Ancel J, Diabasana Z, Perotin JM, Germain A, Lalun N, Birembaut P, Dubernard X, Mérol JC, Delepine G, Polette M, Deslée G, Dormoy V. Airway epithelial cell differentiation relies on deficient Hedgehog signalling in COPD. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102572. [PMID: 31877414 PMCID: PMC6931110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hedgehog (HH) pathway is constantly under scrutiny in the context of organ development. Lung morphogenesis requires HH signalling which participates thereafter to the pulmonary homeostasis by regulating epithelial cell quiescence and repair. Since epithelial remodelling is a hallmark of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), we investigated whether the main molecular actors of HH pathway participate to airway epithelial cell differentiation and we analysed their alterations in COPD patients. METHODS Sonic HH (Shh) secretion was assessed by ELISA in airway epithelial cell (AEC) air-liquid interface culture supernatants. HH pathway activation was evaluated by RT-qPCR, western blot and immunostaining. Inhibition of HH signalling was achieved upon Shh chelation during epithelial cell differentiation. HH pathway core components localization was investigated in lung tissues from non-COPD and COPD patients. FINDINGS We demonstrate that progenitors of AEC produced Shh responsible for the activation of HH signalling during the process of differentiation. Preventing the ligand-induced HH activation led to the establishment of a remodelled epithelium with increased number of basal cells and reduced ciliogenesis. Gli2 activating transcription factor was demonstrated as a key-element in the regulation of AEC differentiation. More importantly, Gli2 and Smo were lost in AEC from COPD patients. INTERPRETATION Our data suggest that HH pathway is crucial for airway epithelial cell differentiation and highlight its role in COPD-associated epithelial remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Belgacemi
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France
| | - Emilie Luczka
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France
| | - Julien Ancel
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France; CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Service de pneumologie, Reims 51092, France
| | - Zania Diabasana
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France
| | - Jeanne-Marie Perotin
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France; CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Service de pneumologie, Reims 51092, France
| | - Adeline Germain
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France
| | - Nathalie Lalun
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France
| | - Philippe Birembaut
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France; CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Laboratoire de biopathologie, Reims 51092, France
| | - Xavier Dubernard
- CHU Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Reims 51092, France
| | - Jean-Claude Mérol
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France; CHU Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Reims 51092, France
| | - Gonzague Delepine
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France; CHU Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Service de chirurgie cardio-vasculaire et thoracique, Reims 51092, France
| | - Myriam Polette
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France; CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Laboratoire de biopathologie, Reims 51092, France
| | - Gaëtan Deslée
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France; CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Service de pneumologie, Reims 51092, France
| | - Valérian Dormoy
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims 51097, France.
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He S, Ma C, Zhang L, Bai J, Wang X, Zheng X, Zhang J, Xin W, Li Y, Jiang Y, Wang S, Zhu D. GLI1-mediated pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell pyroptosis contributes to hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 318:L472-L482. [PMID: 31868509 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00405.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a clinically common malignant cardiovascular disease. Pyroptosis is a new form of inflammatory cell death that is involved in many disease processes. Glioma-associated oncogene family zinc finger 1 (GLI1) is a transcriptional activator that participates in many diseases, but its role has never been explored in inducing pyroptosis and the progress of PH. In this study, we used an animal model and cell molecular biology to determine the effect of GLI1 on chronic hypoxia-mediated PH progression and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) pyroptosis. The major findings of the present study are as follows: Hypoxia induced aberrant expression of GLI1. The inhibition of GLI1 attenuated hypoxia-induced PH and PASMC pyroptosis. Meanwhile, GLI1 enhanced apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) expression by binding with its promoter. GLI1 may promote PASMC pyroptosis through ASC to affect the progression of PH. These findings may identify novel targets for molecular therapy of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu He
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Ma
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China.,College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China.,College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - June Bai
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junting Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xin
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiying Li
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Wang
- College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Daling Zhu
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, People's Republic of China.,College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,State Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Daqing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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Palencia-Campos A, Martínez-Fernández ML, Altunoglu U, Soto-Bielicka P, Torres A, Marín P, Aller E, Şentürk L, Berköz Ö, Yıldıran M, Kayserili H, Gil-Camarero E, Colli-Lista G, Sanchís-Calvo A, Carretero A, Guillén-Navarro E, López-González V, Ballesta-Martínez M, Rosell J, Aglan MS, Temtamy S, Otaify GA, Cuevas-Catalina L, Torres-Saavedra MN, Nevado J, Tenorio J, Lapunzina P, Bermejo-Sánchez E, Ruiz-Pérez VL. Heterozygous pathogenic variants in GLI1 are a common finding in isolated postaxial polydactyly A/B. Hum Mutat 2019; 41:265-276. [PMID: 31549748 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Postaxial polydactyly (PAP) is a frequent limb malformation consisting in the duplication of the fifth digit of the hand or foot. Morphologically, this condition is divided into type A and B, with PAP-B corresponding to a more rudimentary extra-digit. Recently, biallelic truncating variants in the transcription factor GLI1 were reported to be associated with a recessive disorder, which in addition to PAP-A, may include syndromic features. Moreover, two heterozygous subjects carrying only one inactive copy of GLI1 were also identified with PAP. Herein, we aimed to determine the level of involvement of GLI1 in isolated PAP, a condition previously established to be autosomal dominantly inherited with incomplete penetrance. We analyzed the coding region of GLI1 in 95 independent probands with nonsyndromic PAP and found 11.57% of these subjects with single heterozygous pathogenic variants in this gene. The detected variants lead to premature termination codons or result in amino acid changes in the DNA-binding domain of GLI1 that diminish its transactivation activity. Family segregation analysis of these variants was consistent with dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance. We conclude that heterozygous changes in GLI1 underlie a significant proportion of sporadic or familial cases of isolated PAP-A/B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Palencia-Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain
| | - María-Luisa Martínez-Fernández
- ECEMC (Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations), Research Unit on Congenital Anomalies, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Umut Altunoglu
- Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Antonio Torres
- Paediatric Unit, Hospital San Juan de La Cruz, Úbeda, Spain
| | - Purificación Marín
- Dysmorphology and Neonatology Service, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Aller
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain.,Genetic Unit, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Leyli Şentürk
- Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömer Berköz
- Department of Reconstructive and aesthetic Surgery, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yıldıran
- Department of Reconstructive and aesthetic Surgery, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Medical Genetics Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Alba Carretero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
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- Paediatric Units from different hospitals, all part of ECEMC (Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations) Clinical Network, Spain
| | - Encarna Guillén-Navarro
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain.,Genetic Medicine Unit, Paediatric Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Vanesa López-González
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain.,Genetic Medicine Unit, Paediatric Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Ballesta-Martínez
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain.,Genetic Medicine Unit, Paediatric Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jordi Rosell
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain.,Genetic Unit, Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Mona S Aglan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samia Temtamy
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Otaify
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lourdes Cuevas-Catalina
- ECEMC (Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations), Research Unit on Congenital Anomalies, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Nieves Torres-Saavedra
- ECEMC (Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations), Research Unit on Congenital Anomalies, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,CS Federica Montseny, Unidad Asistencial Sureste, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Nevado
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jair Tenorio
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain.,Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain.,Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Bermejo-Sánchez
- ECEMC (Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations), Research Unit on Congenital Anomalies, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute of Rare Diseases Research (IIER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor L Ruiz-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain
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47
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Chen X, Li XF, Chen Y, Zhu S, Li HD, Chen SY, Wang JN, Pan XY, Bu FT, Huang C, Li J. Hesperetin derivative attenuates CCl 4-induced hepatic fibrosis and inflammation by Gli-1-dependent mechanisms. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 76:105838. [PMID: 31473406 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis, a common pathological feature and leading cause of various chronic liver diseases, still lacks effective therapy. Hesperetin derivative (HD) is a derivative of Traditional Chinese Medicine monomer isolated from the fruit peel of Citrusaurantium L. (Rutaceae). In the present study, we revealed the anti-fibrotic effects of HD in CCl4-induced mouse hepatic fibrosis model and in TGF-β1-activated LX-2 cells, in vivo and in vitro. Results showed that HD prevented CCl4-induced liver injury and histological damage. Consistently, HD inhibited the up-regulation of liver fibrogenesis markers α-SMA, Col1α1, Col3α1 and TIMP-1 in primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and suppressed inflammatory responses in primary liver macrophages from hepatic fibrosis mice. Furthermore, HD promoted the apoptosis of activated HSCs, a key step in the onset of fibrosis regression. Mechanistically, the Hedgehog pathway was involved in HD-treated hepatic fibrosis, and HD specifically contributed to attenuate the aberrant expression of Glioma associated oncogene-1 (Gli-1). Interestingly, blockade of Gli-1 removed the inhibitory effect of HD on activated HSCs, indicating that Gli-1 may play a pivotal role in mediating the anti-fibrotic effect of HD in hepatic fibrosis. Collectively, our results suggest that HD may be a potential anti-fibrotic Traditional Chinese Medicine monomer for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Sai Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hai-Di Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Si-Yu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jia-Nan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xue-Yin Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Fang-Tian Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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48
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Ozretić P, Hanžić N, Proust B, Sabol M, Trnski D, Radić M, Musani V, Ciribilli Y, Milas I, Puljiz Z, Bosnar MH, Levanat S, Slade N. Expression profiles of p53/p73, NME and GLI families in metastatic melanoma tissue and cell lines. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12470. [PMID: 31462745 PMCID: PMC6713730 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike other tumours, TP53 is rarely mutated in melanoma; however, it fails to function as a tumour suppressor. We assume that its functions might be altered through interactions with several families of proteins, including p53/p73, NME and GLI. To elucidate the potential interplay among these families we analysed the expression profiles of aforementioned genes and proteins in a panel of melanoma cell lines, metastatic melanoma specimens and healthy corresponding tissue. Using qPCR a higher level of NME1 gene expression and lower levels of Δ40p53β, ΔNp73, GLI1, GLI2 and PTCH1 were observed in tumour samples compared to healthy tissue. Protein expression of Δ133p53α, Δ160p53α and ΔNp73α isoforms, NME1 and NME2, and N'ΔGLI1, GLI1FL, GLI2ΔN isoforms was elevated in tumour tissue, whereas ∆Np73β was downregulated. The results in melanoma cell lines, in general, support these findings. In addition, we correlated expression profiles with clinical features and outcome. Higher Δ133p53β and p53α mRNA and both GLI1 mRNA and GLI3R protein expression had a negative impact on the overall survival. Shorter overall survival was also connected with lower p53β and NME1 gene expression levels. In conclusion, all examined genes may have implications in melanoma development and functional inactivity of TP53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Ozretić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Hanžić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bastien Proust
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Sabol
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Diana Trnski
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Radić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vesna Musani
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Yari Ciribilli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Povo (Trento), IT-38123, Italy
| | - Ivan Milas
- Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Vinogradska cesta 29, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zvonimir Puljiz
- Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Vinogradska cesta 29, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Herak Bosnar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sonja Levanat
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neda Slade
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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49
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Long HQ, Tian PF, Guan YX, Liu LX, Wu XP, Li B. Expression of Ihh signaling pathway in condylar cartilage after bite-raising in adult rats. J Mol Histol 2019; 50:459-470. [PMID: 31302828 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-019-09840-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a complex inflammatory condition with multiple factors and degenerative processes co-occurring. However, its pathogenesis remains uncertain. The purpose of the study was to observe the expression of Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signal related molecules in TMJOA induced by bite-raising and to study the effect and mechanism of Ihh signaling. Our research indicated that Ihh signaling pathway can be activated in condylar cartilage induced by bite-raising. The histological analysis showed TMJOA-like structural changes of condylar cartilage in experiment groups. Ihh, Smoothened (Smo), and Gli zinc finger transcription factors-1 (Gli-1) were activated in the experimental groups, and the expression levels increased significantly over time, whereas the sham control groups showed no fluctuation. Additionally, the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (Caspase-3) in the experiment groups increased in a time-dependent manner compared with the matched sham control groups. In conclusion, our results indicated that the Ihh signaling pathway may activate the occurrence of TMJOA by mediating the hypertrophy of chondrocytes, which may be an important regulatory mechanism and potential therapeutic target in the repair of condylar cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qing Long
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tian
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yu-Xin Guan
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ling-Xia Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Wu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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50
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Chen B, Hu Z, Li B, Lin X, Luo Z, Hu Z. The expressions of Hedgehog and PI3K-AKT pathway components correlate with invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:2381-2388. [PMID: 31934065 PMCID: PMC6949613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Shh, Gli1, FAK, p-FAK and p-AKT in HCC. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to measure Shh, Gli1, FAK, p-FAK, and p-AKT expressions in 50 cases of HCC and paracancerous tissues. The Shh, Gli1, and FAK mRNA levels were determined by qRT-PCR in 20 HCCs. The correlations between the expressions of these target genes and the clinicopathological factors were analyzed in HCC. RESULTS The immunohistochemical results showed that the expressions of Shh, Gli1, FAK, p-FAK, and p-AKT in 50 HCC tissues were significantly higher than those of the paracancerous tissues (P < 0.05). Shh and p-FAK expressions were associated with portal vein invasion, capsular integrity, and distant metastasis (P < 0.05). Gli1, FAK, and p-AKT expressions were closely related to tumor diameter, tumor differentiation, portal vein invasion, capsular integrity, TNM stage and distant metastasis (P < 0.05). Shh was related to Gli1 and p-FAK (r = 0.67, 0.30; P = 0.00, 0.03), Gli1 was positively related to p-FAK and p-AKT (r = 0.52, 0.49; P = 0.00, 0.00), and there was a positive correlation between p-FAK and p-AKT (r = 0.36, P = 0.00). Furthermore, the Shh, Gli1, and FAK mRNA levels in the HCC tissues were significantly higher than those in the paracancerous tissues (P < 0.0001), and the high TNM stages (III and IV) or distant metastasis were significantly higher than those in the low TNM stages (I and II) (P < 0.05) or without distant metastasis (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In HCC, the Hh and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways are both abnormally activated, and Shh, Gli1, FAK, p-FAK and p-AKT can serve as indicators to predict the prognosis of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zeming Hu
- Postgraduate Student, Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bofei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Rucheng County People’s HospitalChenzhou 424100, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xuan Lin
- Postgraduate Student, Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhijiang Luo
- Postgraduate Student, Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Postgraduate Student, Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
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