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Takewaki D, Kiguchi Y, Masuoka H, Manu MS, Raveney BJE, Narushima S, Kurokawa R, Ogata Y, Kimura Y, Sato N, Ozawa Y, Yagishita S, Araki T, Miyake S, Sato W, Suda W, Yamamura T. Tyzzerella nexilis strains enriched in mobile genetic elements are involved in progressive multiple sclerosis. Cell Rep 2024:114785. [PMID: 39341204 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-demyelinating disease with an inflammatory pathology formed by self-reactive lymphocytes with activated glial cells. Progressive MS, characterized by resistance to medications, significantly differs from the non-progressive form in gut microbiome profiles. After confirming an increased abundance of "Tyzzerella nexilis" in various cohorts of progressive MS, we identified a distinct cluster of T. nexilis strains enriched in progressive MS based on long-read metagenomics. The distinct T. nexilis cluster is characterized by a large number of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and a lack of defense systems against MGEs. Microbial genes for sulfate reduction and flagella formation with pathogenic implications are specific to this cluster. Moreover, these flagellar genes are encoded on MGEs. Mono-colonization with MGE-enriched T. nexilis made germ-free mice more susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. These results indicate that the progression of MS may be promoted by MGE-enriched T. nexilis with potentially pathogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Takewaki
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Laboratory for Symbiotic Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuya Kiguchi
- Laboratory for Symbiotic Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8568, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Masuoka
- Laboratory for Symbiotic Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mallahalli S Manu
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Ben J E Raveney
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Laboratory for Symbiotic Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Seiko Narushima
- Laboratory for Mucosal Immunity, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Rina Kurokawa
- Laboratory for Symbiotic Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ogata
- Laboratory for Symbiotic Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yukio Kimura
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Department of Radiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Noriko Sato
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Department of Radiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ozawa
- Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Sosuke Yagishita
- Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Araki
- Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Sachiko Miyake
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Wakiro Sato
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Wataru Suda
- Laboratory for Symbiotic Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Takashi Yamamura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan; Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.
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Percio A, Cicchinelli M, Masci D, Summo M, Urbani A, Greco V. Oxidative Cysteine Post Translational Modifications Drive the Redox Code Underlying Neurodegeneration and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:883. [PMID: 39199129 PMCID: PMC11351139 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox dysregulation, an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, is crucial in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases. Within this context, the "redoxome" encompasses the network of redox molecules collaborating to maintain cellular redox balance and signaling. Among these, cysteine-sensitive proteins are fundamental for this homeostasis. Due to their reactive thiol groups, cysteine (Cys) residues are particularly susceptible to oxidative post-translational modifications (PTMs) induced by free radicals (reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species) which profoundly affect protein functions. Cys-PTMs, forming what is referred to as "cysteinet" in the redox proteome, are essential for redox signaling in both physiological and pathological conditions, including neurodegeneration. Such modifications significantly influence protein misfolding and aggregation, key hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and notably, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This review aims to explore the complex landscape of cysteine PTMs in the cellular redox environment, elucidating their impact on neurodegeneration at protein level. By investigating specific cysteine-sensitive proteins and the regulatory networks involved, particular emphasis is placed on the link between redox dysregulation and ALS, highlighting this pathology as a prime example of a neurodegenerative disease wherein such redox dysregulation is a distinct hallmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Percio
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.C.); (D.M.); (M.S.); (A.U.)
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostic and Infectious Diseases, Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Cicchinelli
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.C.); (D.M.); (M.S.); (A.U.)
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostic and Infectious Diseases, Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Domiziana Masci
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.C.); (D.M.); (M.S.); (A.U.)
| | - Mariagrazia Summo
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.C.); (D.M.); (M.S.); (A.U.)
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.C.); (D.M.); (M.S.); (A.U.)
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostic and Infectious Diseases, Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Greco
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.C.); (D.M.); (M.S.); (A.U.)
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostic and Infectious Diseases, Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli-IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Spalloni A, de Stefano S, Gimenez J, Greco V, Mercuri NB, Chiurchiù V, Longone P. The Ying and Yang of Hydrogen Sulfide as a Paracrine/Autocrine Agent in Neurodegeneration: Focus on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cells 2023; 12:1691. [PMID: 37443723 PMCID: PMC10341301 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ever since its presence was reported in the brain, the nature and role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the Central Nervous System (CNS) have changed. Consequently, H2S has been elected as the third gas transmitter, along with carbon monoxide and nitric oxide, and a number of studies have focused on its neuromodulatory and protectant functions in physiological conditions. The research on H2S has highlighted its many facets in the periphery and in the CNS, and its role as a double-faced compound, switching from protective to toxic depending on its concentration. In this review, we will focus on the bell-shaped nature of H2S as an angiogenic factor and as a molecule released by glial cells (mainly astrocytes) and non-neuronal cells acting on the surrounding environment (paracrine) or on the releasing cells themselves (autocrine). Finally, we will discuss its role in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, a paradigm of a neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alida Spalloni
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.d.S.); (J.G.); (P.L.)
| | - Susanna de Stefano
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.d.S.); (J.G.); (P.L.)
- Department of Systems Medicine, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Juliette Gimenez
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.d.S.); (J.G.); (P.L.)
| | - Viviana Greco
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Unity of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola B. Mercuri
- Department of Systems Medicine, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Chiurchiù
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Longone
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy; (S.d.S.); (J.G.); (P.L.)
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Tripathi SJ, Chakraborty S, Miller E, Pieper AA, Paul BD. Hydrogen sulfide signalling in neurodegenerative diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2023:10.1111/bph.16170. [PMID: 37338307 PMCID: PMC10730776 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The gaseous neurotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) exerts neuroprotective efficacy in the brain via post-translational modification of cysteine residues by sulfhydration, also known as persulfidation. This process is comparable in biological impact to phosphorylation and mediates a variety of signalling events. Unlike conventional neurotransmitters, H2 S cannot be stored in vesicles due to its gaseous nature. Instead, it is either locally synthesized or released from endogenous stores. Sulfhydration affords both specific and general neuroprotective effects and is critically diminished in several neurodegenerative disorders. Conversely, some forms of neurodegenerative disease are linked to excessive cellular H2 S. Here, we review the signalling roles of H2 S across the spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, traumatic brain injury, the ataxias, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as neurodegeneration generally associated with ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Jamuna Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Suwarna Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Emiko Miller
- Brain Health Medicines Center, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew A Pieper
- Brain Health Medicines Center, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center; Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- School of Medicine, Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Translational Therapeutics Core, Cleveland Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bindu D Paul
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Advances of H2S in Regulating Neurodegenerative Diseases by Preserving Mitochondria Function. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030652. [PMID: 36978900 PMCID: PMC10044936 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxicity is induced by different toxic substances, including environmental chemicals, drugs, and pathogenic toxins, resulting in oxidative damage and neurodegeneration in mammals. The nervous system is extremely vulnerable to oxidative stress because of its high oxygen demand. Mitochondria are the main source of ATP production in the brain neuron, and oxidative stress-caused mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. H2S was initially identified as a toxic gas; however, more recently, it has been recognized as a neuromodulator as well as a neuroprotectant. Specifically, it modulates mitochondrial activity, and H2S oxidation in mitochondria produces various reactive sulfur species, thus modifying proteins through sulfhydration. This review focused on highlighting the neuron modulation role of H2S in regulating neurodegenerative diseases through anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and S-sulfhydration, and emphasized the importance of H2S as a therapeutic molecule for neurological diseases.
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Cirino G, Szabo C, Papapetropoulos A. Physiological roles of hydrogen sulfide in mammalian cells, tissues and organs. Physiol Rev 2022; 103:31-276. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00028.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
H2S belongs to the class of molecules known as gasotransmitters, which also includes nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Three enzymes are recognized as endogenous sources of H2S in various cells and tissues: cystathionine g-lyase (CSE), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). The current article reviews the regulation of these enzymes as well as the pathways of their enzymatic and non-enzymatic degradation and elimination. The multiple interactions of H2S with other labile endogenous molecules (e.g. NO) and reactive oxygen species are also outlined. The various biological targets and signaling pathways are discussed, with special reference to H2S and oxidative posttranscriptional modification of proteins, the effect of H2S on channels and intracellular second messenger pathways, the regulation of gene transcription and translation and the regulation of cellular bioenergetics and metabolism. The pharmacological and molecular tools currently available to study H2S physiology are also reviewed, including their utility and limitations. In subsequent sections, the role of H2S in the regulation of various physiological and cellular functions is reviewed. The physiological role of H2S in various cell types and organ systems are overviewed. Finally, the role of H2S in the regulation of various organ functions is discussed as well as the characteristic bell-shaped biphasic effects of H2S. In addition, key pathophysiological aspects, debated areas, and future research and translational areas are identified A wide array of significant roles of H2S in the physiological regulation of all organ functions emerges from this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece & Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece
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Gupta R, Sahu M, Tripathi R, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Protein S-sulfhydration: Unraveling the prospective of hydrogen sulfide in the brain, vasculature and neurological manifestations. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 76:101579. [PMID: 35124235 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen polysulfides (H2Sn) are essential regulatory signaling molecules generated by the entire body, including the central nervous system. Researchers have focused on the classical H2S signaling from the past several decades, whereas the last decade has shown the emergence of H2S-induced protein S-sulfhydration signaling as a potential therapeutic approach. Cysteine S-persulfidation is a critical paradigm of post-translational modification in the process of H2S signaling. Additionally, studies have shown the cross-relationship between S-sulfhydration and other cysteine-induced post-translational modifications, namely nitrosylation and carbonylation. In the central nervous system, S-sulfhydration is involved in the cytoprotection through various signaling pathways, viz. inflammatory response, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis. Further, studies have demonstrated H2S-induced S-sulfhydration in regulating different biological processes, such as mitochondrial integrity, calcium homeostasis, blood-brain permeability, cerebral blood flow, and long-term potentiation. Thus, protein S-sulfhydration becomes a crucial regulatory molecule in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we first described the generation of intracellular H2S followed by the application of H2S in the regulation of cerebral blood flow and blood-brain permeability. Further, we described the involvement of S-sulfhydration in different biological and cellular functions, such as inflammatory response, mitochondrial integrity, calcium imbalance, and oxidative stress. Moreover, we highlighted the importance of S-sulfhydration in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Zhou C, Shang W, Yin SK, Shi H, Ying W. Malate-Aspartate Shuttle Plays an Important Role in LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation of Mice Due to its Effect on STAT3 Phosphorylation. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:655687. [PMID: 34381810 PMCID: PMC8350486 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.655687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a key pathological factor in numerous neurological disorders. Cumulating evidence has indicated critical roles of NAD+/NADH metabolism in multiple major diseases, while the role of malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS) - a major NADH shuttle - in inflammation has remained unclear. In this study we investigated the roles of MAS in LPS-induced neuroinflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Immunofluorescence staining, Western blot assay and Real-time PCR assays were conducted to determine the activation of Iba-1, the protein levels of iNOS and COX2 and the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in vivo, showing that both pre-treatment and post-treatment of aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) - an MAS inhibitor - profoundly decreased the LPS-induced neuroinflammation in mice. BV2 microglia was also used as a cellular model to investigate the mechanisms of this finding, in which such assays as Western blot assay and nitrite assay. Our study further indicated that AOAA produced its effects on LPS-induced microglial activation by its effects on MAS: Pyruvate treatment reversed the effects of AOAA on the cytosolic NAD+/NADH ratio, which also restored the LPS-induced activation of the AOAA-treated microglia. Moreover, the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) inhibitor GSK2837808A blocked the effects of pyruvate on the AOAA-produced decreases in both the cytosolic NAD+/NADH ratio and LPS-induced microglial activation. Our study has further suggested that AOAA produced inhibition of LPS-induced microglial activation at least partially by decreasing STAT3 phosphorylation. Collectively, our findings have indicated AOAA as a new and effective drug for inhibiting LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Our study has also indicated that MAS is a novel mediator of LPS-induced neuroinflammation due to its capacity to modulate LPS-induced STAT3 phosphorylation, which has further highlighted a critical role of NAD+/NADH metabolism in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyan Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangsong Shang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan-Kai Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihai Ying
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Investigating Different Forms of Hydrogen Sulfide in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Various Neurological Disorders. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11030152. [PMID: 33800163 PMCID: PMC7998212 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11030152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 30 years a considerable amount of data has accumulated on the multifaceted role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the central nervous system. Depending on its concentrations, H2S has opposite actions, ranging from neuromodulator to neurotoxic. Nowadays, accurate determination of H2S is still an important challenge to understand its biochemistry and functions. In this perspective, this study aims to explore H2S levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), key biofluid for neurological studies, and to assess alleged correlations with neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative mechanisms. A validated analytical determination combining selective electrochemical detection with ion chromatography was developed to measure free and bound sulfur forms of H2S. A first cohort of CSF samples (n = 134) was analyzed from patients with inflammatory and demyelinating disorders (acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; multiple sclerosis), chronic neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer disease; Parkinson disease), and motor neuron disease (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). Given its analytical features, the chromatographic method resulted sensitive, reproducible and robust. We also explored low molecular weight-proteome linked to sulphydration by proteomics analysis on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). This study is a first clinical report on CSF H2S concentrations from neurological diseases and opens up new perspectives on the potential clinical relevance of H2S and its potential therapeutic application.
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Angelini DF, De Angelis F, Vacca V, Piras E, Parisi C, Nutini M, Spalloni A, Pagano F, Longone P, Battistini L, Pavone F, Marinelli S. Very Early Involvement of Innate Immunity in Peripheral Nerve Degeneration in SOD1-G93A Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 11:575792. [PMID: 33329541 PMCID: PMC7714949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent preclinical and clinical evidence suggest that immune system has a role in the progression and prognosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), but the identification of a clear mechanism and immune players remains to be elucidated. Here, we have investigated, in 30 and 60 days (presymptomatic) and 120 days (symptomatic) old SOD1-G93A mice, systemic, peripheral, and central innate and adaptive immune and inflammatory response, correlating it with the progression of the neurodegeneration in neuromuscular junction, sciatic nerves, and spinal cord. Surprisingly, we found a very initial (45-60 days) presence of IgG in sciatic nerves together with a gradual enhancement of A20/TNFAIP3 (protein controlling NF-κB signalling) and a concomitantly significant increase and activation of circulating mast cells (MCs) as well as MCs and macrophages in sciatic nerve and an enhancement of IL-6 and IL-10. This immunological frame coincided with a myelin aggregation. The 30-60 days old SOD1-G93A mice didn't show real elements of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in spinal cord. In 120 days old mice macrophages and monocytes are widely diffused in sciatic nerves, peripheral neurodegeneration reaches the tip, high circulating levels of TNFα and IL-2 were found and spinal cord exhibits clear signs of neural damage and infiltrating immune cells. Our results underpin a clear immunological disorder at the origin of ALS axonopathy, in which MCs are involved in the initiation and sustaining of inflammatory events. These data cannot be considered a mere epiphenomenon of motor neuron degeneration and reveal new potential selective immune targets in ALS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federica De Angelis
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vacca
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Piras
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Parisi
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Nutini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alida Spalloni
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luca Battistini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Marinelli
- CNR—National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rome, Italy
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Paul BD, Snyder SH, Kashfi K. Effects of hydrogen sulfide on mitochondrial function and cellular bioenergetics. Redox Biol 2020; 38:101772. [PMID: 33137711 PMCID: PMC7606857 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was once considered to have only toxic properties, until it was discovered to be an endogenous signaling molecule. The effects of H2S are dose dependent, with lower concentrations being beneficial and higher concentrations, cytotoxic. This scenario is especially true for the effects of H2S on mitochondrial function, where higher concentrations of the gasotransmitter inhibit the electron transport chain, and lower concentrations stimulate bioenergetics in multiple ways. Here we review the role of H2S in mitochondrial function and its effects on cellular physiology. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays central roles in mitochondrial homeostasis. Both excess H2S and a paucity of H2S have deleterious effects. One of the modes by which H2S signals in mitochondria is by sulfhydrating target proteins. Administering H2S (where scarcity of H2S occurs) or inhibiting H2S production (in case of excess H2S) may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu D Paul
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, USA.
| | - Solomon H Snyder
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10031, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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12
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Zuhra K, Augsburger F, Majtan T, Szabo C. Cystathionine-β-Synthase: Molecular Regulation and Pharmacological Inhibition. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E697. [PMID: 32365821 PMCID: PMC7277093 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), the first (and rate-limiting) enzyme in the transsulfuration pathway, is an important mammalian enzyme in health and disease. Its biochemical functions under physiological conditions include the metabolism of homocysteine (a cytotoxic molecule and cardiovascular risk factor) and the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous biological mediator with multiple regulatory roles in the vascular, nervous, and immune system. CBS is up-regulated in several diseases, including Down syndrome and many forms of cancer; in these conditions, the preclinical data indicate that inhibition or inactivation of CBS exerts beneficial effects. This article overviews the current information on the expression, tissue distribution, physiological roles, and biochemistry of CBS, followed by a comprehensive overview of direct and indirect approaches to inhibit the enzyme. Among the small-molecule CBS inhibitors, the review highlights the specificity and selectivity problems related to many of the commonly used "CBS inhibitors" (e.g., aminooxyacetic acid) and provides a comprehensive review of their pharmacological actions under physiological conditions and in various disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Zuhra
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Fiona Augsburger
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Tomas Majtan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
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