1
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Liu S, Chen X, Zhang L, Lu B. CPT1A mediates the succinylation of SP5 which activates transcription of PDPK1 to promote the viability and glycolysis of prostate cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2329372. [PMID: 38494680 PMCID: PMC10950282 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2329372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Succinylation modification involves in the progression of human cancers. The present study aimed to investigate the role of CPT1A, which is a succinyltransferase in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa). CCK-8 was used to detect the cell viability. Seahorse was performed to evaluate the cell glycolysis. Luciferase assay was used to detect the transcriptional regulation. ChIP was performed to assess the binding between transcriptional factors with the promoters. Co-IP was used to assess the binding between proteins. We found that CPT1A was highly expressed in PCa tissues and cell lines. Silencing of CPT1A inhibited the viability and glycolysis of PCa cells. Mechanistically, CPT1A promoted the succinylation of SP5, which strengthened the binding between SP5 and the promoter of PDPK1. SP5 activated PDPK1 transcription and PDPK1 activated the AKT/mTOR signal pathway. These findings might provide novel targets for the diagnosis or therapy of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Liu
- Medical Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Urology Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Liqi Zhang
- Laboratory Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Lu
- Laboratory Department, Xiangyang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
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2
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Sugawara T, Nevedomskaya E, Heller S, Böhme A, Lesche R, von Ahsen O, Grünewald S, Nguyen HM, Corey E, Baumgart SJ, Georgi V, Pütter V, Fernández‐Montalván A, Vasta JD, Robers MB, Politz O, Mumberg D, Haendler B. Dual targeting of the androgen receptor and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways in prostate cancer models improves antitumor efficacy and promotes cell apoptosis. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:726-742. [PMID: 38225213 PMCID: PMC10920092 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a frequent malignancy in older men and has a very high 5-year survival rate if diagnosed early. The prognosis is much less promising if the tumor has already spread outside the prostate gland. Targeted treatments mainly aim at blocking androgen receptor (AR) signaling and initially show good efficacy. However, tumor progression due to AR-dependent and AR-independent mechanisms is often observed after some time, and novel treatment strategies are urgently needed. Dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in advanced prostate cancer and its implication in treatment resistance has been reported. We compared the impact of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitors with different selectivity profiles on in vitro cell proliferation and on caspase 3/7 activation as a marker for apoptosis induction, and observed the strongest effects in the androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cell lines VCaP and LNCaP. Combination treatment with the AR inhibitor darolutamide led to enhanced apoptosis in these cell lines, the effects being most pronounced upon cotreatment with the pan-PI3K inhibitor copanlisib. A subsequent transcriptomic analysis performed in VCaP cells revealed that combining darolutamide with copanlisib impacted gene expression much more than individual treatment. A comprehensive reversal of the androgen response and the mTORC1 transcriptional programs as well as a marked induction of DNA damage was observed. Next, an in vivo efficacy study was performed using the androgen-sensitive patient-derived prostate cancer (PDX) model LuCaP 35 and a superior efficacy was observed after the combined treatment with copanlisib and darolutamide. Importantly, immunohistochemistry analysis of these treated tumors showed increased apoptosis, as revealed by elevated levels of cleaved caspase 3 and Bcl-2-binding component 3 (BBC3). In conclusion, these data demonstrate that concurrent blockade of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and AR pathways has superior antitumor efficacy and induces apoptosis in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cell lines and PDX models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Sugawara
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research & Early Development OncologyBerlinGermany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eva Corey
- Department of UrologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Simon J. Baumgart
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research & Early Development OncologyBerlinGermany
| | - Victoria Georgi
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research & Early Development OncologyBerlinGermany
| | - Vera Pütter
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research & Early Development OncologyBerlinGermany
| | - Amaury Fernández‐Montalván
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research & Early Development OncologyBerlinGermany
- Present address:
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGBiberach an der RißGermany
| | | | | | - Oliver Politz
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research & Early Development OncologyBerlinGermany
| | - Dominik Mumberg
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research & Early Development OncologyBerlinGermany
- Present address:
Adcento ApSCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Bernard Haendler
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research & Early Development OncologyBerlinGermany
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3
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Li C, Wan Z, Zheng D, Wang Y. Effects of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy on wound infection of surgery in patients with prostate cancer: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14774. [PMID: 38361180 PMCID: PMC10869662 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively assess the impact of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) on wound infection in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). A systematic search was conducted, from database inception to November 2023, in EMBASE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing LRP with open radical prostatectomy (ORP) in the treatment of PCa. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and conducted quality assessments based on pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Stata 17.0 software was employed for data analysis. Overall, 15 RCTs involving 1458 PCa patients were included. The analysis revealed the incidence of wound infection (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.16-0.51, p < 0.001) and complications (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.20-0.37, p < 0.001) was significantly lower in the LRP group compared to the ORP group. This study demonstrates that LRP in PCa patients can effectively reduce the incidence of wound infections and complications, indicating significant therapeutic efficacy and justifying its broader clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- The Second Clinical School of MedicineBinzhou Medical UniversityYantaiChina
| | - Zheng‐Qiang Wan
- The Second Clinical School of MedicineBinzhou Medical UniversityYantaiChina
| | - Dong‐Bing Zheng
- The Second Ward of UrologyYantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical UniversityYantaiChina
| | - Ying‐Lei Wang
- The Second Ward of UrologyYantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical UniversityYantaiChina
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4
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Jiang J, Yang J, Chen B, Li J, Zhang T, Tan D, Tang B, Wei Q. The Impact of Nutrient Supply on Prostate Cancer Risk Worldwide. Nutrients 2023; 15:5131. [PMID: 38140390 PMCID: PMC10747001 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We aim to explore the association between nutrient supply and the incidence of prostate cancer globally. We utilized national nutrient supply data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations for 150 countries, including the average supply of total protein (APS), animal protein (AAPS), fat (AFS), animal protein/total protein ratio (ATR), and share of dietary energy supply derived from cereals, roots, and tubers (CR). Prostate cancer incidence data were sourced from the Global Burden Disease 2019 (GBD2019). Correlation, regression analyses, and subgroup analysis were conducted. Our findings imply that incidence of prostate cancer is significantly correlated to APS (ρ = 0.394, p < 0.01), AAPS (ρ = 0.560, p < 0.01), AFS (ρ = 0.522, p < 0.01), ATR (ρ = 0.592, p < 0.01), and CR (ρ = -0.667, p < 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, regression analysis showed linear relationships between the AAPS (β = 0.605, p = 0.006), ATR (β = 70.76, p = 0.005), CR (β = -1.4451, p < 0.01), and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of prostate cancer, while no association was observed with APS (β = 0.030, p = 0.483) or AFS (β = 0.237, p = 0.405). Subgroup analysis suggested that dietary supply indicators were associated with ASIR in middle, middle-high, and high SDI, but not in countries with low and middle-low SDI. In summary, prostate cancer rates globally correlate significantly with AAPS, ATR, and CR, but not with APS and AFS. When considering the SDI of countries, the relationship is generally more pronounced in economically advanced nations, but not evident in low and middle-low SDI countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjiang Jiang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.J.); (J.Y.); (B.C.); (J.L.); (D.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.J.); (J.Y.); (B.C.); (J.L.); (D.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.J.); (J.Y.); (B.C.); (J.L.); (D.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.J.); (J.Y.); (B.C.); (J.L.); (D.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical Hospital, Harbin 150000, China;
| | - Daqing Tan
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.J.); (J.Y.); (B.C.); (J.L.); (D.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.J.); (J.Y.); (B.C.); (J.L.); (D.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.J.); (J.Y.); (B.C.); (J.L.); (D.T.); (B.T.)
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5
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Zhang Y, Chen XN, Zhang H, Wen JK, Gao HT, Shi B, Wang DD, Han ZW, Gu JF, Zhao CM, Xue WY, Zhang YP, Qu CB, Yang Z. CDK13 promotes lipid deposition and prostate cancer progression by stimulating NSUN5-mediated m5C modification of ACC1 mRNA. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:2462-2476. [PMID: 37845385 PMCID: PMC10733287 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) regulate cell cycle progression and the transcription of a number of genes, including lipid metabolism-related genes, and aberrant lipid metabolism is involved in prostate carcinogenesis. Previous studies have shown that CDK13 expression is upregulated and fatty acid synthesis is increased in prostate cancer (PCa). However, the molecular mechanisms linking CDK13 upregulation and aberrant lipid metabolism in PCa cells remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that upregulation of CDK13 in PCa cells increases the fatty acyl chains and lipid classes, leading to lipid deposition in the cells, which is positively correlated with the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1), the first rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid synthesis. Gain- and loss-of-function studies showed that ACC1 mediates CDK13-induced lipid accumulation and PCa progression by enhancing lipid synthesis. Mechanistically, CDK13 interacts with RNA-methyltransferase NSUN5 to promote its phosphorylation at Ser327. In turn, phosphorylated NSUN5 catalyzes the m5C modification of ACC1 mRNA, and then the m5C-modified ACC1 mRNA binds to ALYREF to enhance its stability and nuclear export, thereby contributing to an increase in ACC1 expression and lipid deposition in PCa cells. Overall, our results disclose a novel function of CDK13 in regulating the ACC1 expression and identify a previously unrecognized CDK13/NSUN5/ACC1 pathway that mediates fatty acid synthesis and lipid accumulation in PCa cells, and targeting this newly identified pathway may be a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiao-Nan Chen
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, P R China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education of China, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan E Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jin-Kun Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education of China, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan E Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Hai-Tao Gao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Han
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jun-Fei Gu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Chen-Ming Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Wen-Yong Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Chang-Bao Qu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
| | - Zhan Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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6
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Yang Q, Li Q, Li N, Wang D, Niu S, Tang P, Xiao J, Zhao J, Wang P, Luo Y, Tang J. Radiotranscriptomics identified new mRNAs and miRNA markers for distinguishing prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cancer Med 2023; 12:21694-21708. [PMID: 37987209 PMCID: PMC10757143 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated ultrasound (US) phenotypes reflecting prostate cancer (PCa)-related genetic mutations. Herein, integration of radiotranscriptomic data, US and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) radiomic images, and RNA sequencing was performed with the aim of significantly improving the accuracy of PCa prognosis. We performed radiotranscriptomic analysis of clinical, imaging, and two genomic (mRNA and microRNA expression) datasets from 48 and 22 men with PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), respectively. Twenty-three US texture features and four microvascular perfusion features were associated with various patterns of 52 differentially expressed genes related to PCa (p < 0.05); 17 overexpressed genes were associated with two key texture features. Twelve overexpressed genes were identified using microvascular perfusion features. Furthermore, mRNA and miRNA biomarkers could be used to distinguish between PCa and BPH. Compared with RNA sequencing, B-mode and CEUS features reflected genomic alterations associated with hormone receptor status, angiogenesis, and prognosis in patients with PCa. These findings indicate the potential of US to assess biomarker levels in patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Air Force Medical CenterPLA, Air Force Military Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of UltrasoundFirst Medical Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qiuyang Li
- Department of UltrasoundFirst Medical Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Nan Li
- Department of UltrasoundFirst Medical Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Dingyi Wang
- Department of UltrasoundFirst Medical Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Shaoxi Niu
- Department of Urology, First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Peng Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, China Rehabilitation Research CenterBeijing Charity HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of UltrasoundFirst Medical Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jiahang Zhao
- Department of UltrasoundFirst Medical Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment CenterXi'an International Medical Center HospitalXianChina
| | - Yukun Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, Air Force Medical CenterPLA, Air Force Military Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of UltrasoundFirst Medical Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of UltrasoundFirst Medical Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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7
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Ma Q, Liu Z, Wang T, Zhao P, Liu M, Wang Y, Zhao W, Yuan Y, Li S. Resensitizing Paclitaxel-Resistant Ovarian Cancer via Targeting Lipid Metabolism Key Enzymes CPT1A, SCD and FASN. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16503. [PMID: 38003694 PMCID: PMC10671839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a lethal gynecological cancer, of which paclitaxel resistance is the major factor limiting treatment outcomes, and identification of paclitaxel resistance-related genes is arduous. We obtained transcriptomic data from seven paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines and corresponding sensitive cell lines. Define genes significantly up-regulated in at least three resistant cell lines, meanwhile they did not down-regulate in the other resistant cell lines as candidate genes. Candidate genes were then ranked according to the frequencies of significant up-regulation in resistant cell lines, defining genes with the highest rankings as paclitaxel resistance-related genes (PRGs). Patients were grouped based on the median expression of PRGs. The lipid metabolism-related gene set and the oncological gene set were established and took intersections with genes co-upregulated with PRGs, obtaining 229 co-upregulated genes associated with lipid metabolism and tumorigenesis. The PPI network obtained 19 highly confidential synergistic targets (interaction score > 0.7) that directly associated with CPT1A. Finally, FASN and SCD were up-stream substrate provider and competitor of CPT1A, respectively. Western blot and qRT-PCR results confirmed the over-expression of CPT1A, SCD and FASN in the A2780/PTX cell line. The inhibition of CPT1A, SCD and FASN down-regulated cell viability and migration, pharmacological blockade of CPT1A and SCD increased apoptosis rate and paclitaxel sensitivity of A2780/PTX. In summary, our novel bioinformatic methods can overcome difficulties in drug resistance evaluation, providing promising therapeutical strategies for paclitaxel-resistant EOC via taregting lipid metabolism-related enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (T.W.); (P.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (W.Z.)
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (Q.M.); (Z.L.); (T.W.); (P.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (W.Z.)
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8
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Mao J, Tang L, Fang L, Tian C, Zhu Z, Li Y. Systematic pharmacology-based strategy to explore the mechanism of Semen Strychni for treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18492. [PMID: 37898675 PMCID: PMC10613225 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigated the mechanism of Strychnos nux-vomica L. (Semen Strychni, SS) against papillary carcinoma thyroid (PTC) by combined of network pharmacology and experimental verification. By searching the TCMSP, SEA and SwissTarget Prediction database, the main active ingredients and related targets were obtained. Utilizing Venny 2.1.0 String database and Cytoscape 3.7.2 to screened the intersection target and constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network diagram. Using R 4.0.4 software carried out the enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG. HPLC was carried out using LC-20A modular HPLC system to identify the bioactive compound brucine present in SS. Molecular docking was performed using Discovery 2019 software. The inhibition rate was detected by CCK8 method. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of brucine anti-PTC related pathway proteins. 14 active components were screened out, of which 4 main components showed tight relationship with PTC. SS may play the anti-PTC role by acting on two main pathways (TNF signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway) and mediating various biological functions. HPLC analysis revealed that brucine was a suitable marker for standardization of the SS. 4 active components exhibit strong binding energy with core protein. Brucine could significantly reduce the activity of BCPAP cells compared with isobrucine, stigmasterol, (+)-catechin. Brucine may reduce the protein expression levels of IL-6, VEGFA, JUN, TP53, 1L1B, PTGS2, BCL2, CASP3, CASP8, and CASP9 while increase the protein expression levels of BAD, cleaved-CASP3, cleaved-CASP8, and cleaved-CASP9 in BCPAP cells, respectively. The active components of SS against PTC mainly include isobrucine, stigmasterol, (+)-catechin, brucine. Among them, brucine exhibits the strongest anti-PTC activity in BCPAP cells, which may reduce the PTC-related protein expression levels. Therefore, SS may exhibits the anti-PTC activities through multiple targets and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Mao
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, No. 82, Middle University Town Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lijing Tang
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, No. 82, Middle University Town Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ling Fang
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, No. 82, Middle University Town Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Cheng Tian
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, No. 82, Middle University Town Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Zhaojing Zhu
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, No. 82, Middle University Town Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yan Li
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, No. 82, Middle University Town Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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9
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Cattrini C, Manfredi M, Barboro P, Ghirimoldi M, Mennitto A, Martini V, Battioni A, Le Van M, Gobbato S, Branni C, Ayed RB, Pinato DJ, Catalano F, Zanardi E, Boccardo F, Gennari A. Untargeted lipidomics reveal association of elevated plasma C18 ceramide levels with reduced survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17791. [PMID: 37853018 PMCID: PMC10585001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence highlights the potential prognostic relevance of circulating lipids in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), with a proposed 3-lipid signature. This study aims to analyze the lipidomic profiles of individuals with mCRPC to identify lipid species that could serve as predictive indicators of prognosis and therapeutic response. Plasma samples were collected from mCRPC patients initiating first-line treatment (1 L) (n = 29) and those previously treated with at least two lines of therapy (> 2 L) (n = 19), including an androgen-receptor signaling inhibitor and a taxane. Employing an untargeted lipidomic approach, lipids were extracted from the plasma samples and subjected to analysis. A comprehensive identification and quantification of 789 plasma lipids was achieved. Notably, 75 species displayed significant dysregulation in > 2 L patients in comparison to the 1 L group. Among these, 63 species exhibited elevated levels, while 12 were reduced. Patients included in > 2 L cohort showed elevated levels of acylcarnitines (CAR), diacylglycerols (DG), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), triacylglycerols (TG), and ceramides (Cer). Notably, some upregulated lipids, including CAR 14:0, CAR 24:1, Cer d18:1/16:0, Cer d18:1/18:0 (C18 Cer), Cer d18:2/18:0, Cer d18:1/24:1, and Cer d20:1/24:1, showed significant associations with overall survival (OS) in univariate models. Specifically, increased levels of C18 Cer remained significantly associated with poorer OS in the multivariate model, even after adjusting for treatment line and PSA levels (Hazard Ratio: 3.59 [95% Confidence Interval 1.51-8.52], p = 0.004). Employing quantitative mass spectrometry, our findings underscore the independent prognostic significance of C18 Cer in individuals with mCRPC. This discovery opens avenues for further studies within this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Cattrini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), School of Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
- Medical Oncology, "Maggiore Della Carità" University Hospital, 28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Paola Barboro
- UO Clinica Di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico S. Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Ghirimoldi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Alessia Mennitto
- Medical Oncology, "Maggiore Della Carità" University Hospital, 28100, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Veronica Martini
- Medical Oncology, "Maggiore Della Carità" University Hospital, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Alessio Battioni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco Le Van
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Simone Gobbato
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Carmen Branni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Rahma Ben Ayed
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - David James Pinato
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100, Novara, Italy
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Fabio Catalano
- UO Clinica Di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico S. Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Elisa Zanardi
- UO Clinica Di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico S. Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Boccardo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), School of Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gennari
- Medical Oncology, "Maggiore Della Carità" University Hospital, 28100, Novara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100, Novara, Italy
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10
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Xie W, Li S, Guo H, Zhang J, Tu M, Wang R, Lin B, Wu Y, Wang X. Androgen receptor knockdown enhances prostate cancer chemosensitivity by down-regulating FEN1 through the ERK/ELK1 signalling pathway. Cancer Med 2023; 12:15317-15336. [PMID: 37326412 PMCID: PMC10417077 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) is highly upregulated in prostate cancer and promotes the growth of prostate cancer cells. Androgen receptor (AR) is the most critical determinant of the occurrence, progression, metastasis, and treatment of prostate cancer. However, the effect of FEN1 on docetaxel (DTX) sensitivity and the regulatory mechanisms of AR on FEN1 expression in prostate cancer need to be further studied. METHODS Bioinformatics analyses were performed using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus. Prostate cancer cell lines 22Rv1 and LNCaP were used. FEN1 siRNA, FEN1 overexpression plasmid, and AR siRNA were transfected into cells. Biomarker expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Apoptosis and the cell cycle were explored using flow cytometry analysis. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the target relationship. Xenograft assays were conducted using 22Rv1 cells to evaluate the in vivo conclusions. RESULTS Overexpression of FEN1 inhibited cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the S phase induced by DTX. AR knockdown enhanced DTX-induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the S phase in prostate cancer cells, which was attenuated by FEN1 overexpression. In vivo experiments showed that overexpression of FEN1 significantly increased tumour growth and weakened the inhibitory effect of DTX on prostate tumour growth, while AR knockdown enhance the sensitivity of DTX to prostate tumour. AR knockdown resulted in FEN1, pho-ERK1/2, and pho-ELK1 downregulation, and the luciferase reporter assay confirmed that ELK1 can regulate the transcription of FEN1. CONCLUSION Collectively, our studies demonstrate that AR knockdown improves the DTX sensitivity of prostate cancer cells by downregulating FEN1 through the ERK/ELK1 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Xie
- Department of Urology and Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Urology and Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityGuangdong ProvinceZhanjiangPeople's Republic of China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Urology and Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Urology and Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| | - Menjiang Tu
- Department of Urology and Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Urology and Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| | - Bingling Lin
- Department of RadiologyPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- Department of Urology and Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiangwei Wang
- Department of Urology and Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityGuangdong ProvinceZhanjiangPeople's Republic of China
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11
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Miki Y. Hormone-Dependent Cancers: New Aspects on Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10830. [PMID: 37446008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hormones, especially steroids, are closely involved in the physiological functions and proliferation of various target tissues and have long been known to play a key role in the tumorigenesis or carcinogenesis of these target tissues [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Miki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
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12
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Sangande F, Agustini K, Budipramana K. Antihyperlipidemic mechanisms of a formula containing Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Sechium edule, and Syzigium polyanthum: In silico and in vitro studies. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 105:107907. [PMID: 37392529 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicines are multi-component and can exhibit synergistic effects in the treatment of diseases. Sechium edule, Syzigium polyanthum, and Curcuma xanthorrhiza have been used in traditional medicine to reduce serum lipid levels. However, the molecular mechanism was not described clearly, especially as a mixture. Thus, we performed a network pharmacology study combined with molecular docking to find a rational explanation regarding the molecular mechanisms of this antihyperlipidemic formula. According to the network pharmacology study, we predicted that this extract mixture would act as an antihyperlipidemic agent by modulating several pathways including insulin resistance, endocrine resistance, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Based on the topology parameters, we identified 6 significant targets that play an important role in reducing lipid serum levels: HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA), RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF). Meanwhile, 8 compounds: β-sitosterol, bisdesmethoxycurcumin, cucurbitacin D, cucurbitacin E, myricetin, phloretin, quercitrin, and rutin were the compounds with a high degree, indicating that these compounds have a multitarget effect. Our consensus docking study revealed that HMGCR was the only protein targeted by all potential compounds, and rutin was the compound with the best consensus docking score for almost all targets. The in vitro study revealed that the extract combination could inhibit HMGCR with an IC50 value of 74.26 µg/mL, indicating that HMGCR inhibition is one of its antihyperlipidemic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frangky Sangande
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Science Center, Bogor 16915, Indonesia.
| | - Kurnia Agustini
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Science Center, Bogor 16915, Indonesia
| | - Krisyanti Budipramana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia
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13
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Pimenta R, Mioshi CM, Gonçalves GL, Candido P, Camargo JA, Guimarães VR, Chiovatto C, Ghazarian V, Romão P, da Silva KS, Dos Santos GA, Silva IA, Srougi M, Nahas WC, Leite KR, Viana NI, Reis ST. Intratumoral Restoration of miR-137 Plus Cholesterol Favors Homeostasis of the miR-137/Coactivator p160/AR Axis and Negatively Modulates Tumor Progression in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119633. [PMID: 37298588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have gained a prominent role as biomarkers in prostate cancer (PCa). Our study aimed to evaluate the potential suppressive effect of miR-137 in a model of advanced PCa with and without diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. In vitro, PC-3 cells were treated with 50 pmol of mimic miR-137 for 24 h, and gene and protein expression levels of SRC-1, SRC-2, SRC-3, and AR were evaluated by qPCR and immunofluorescence. We also assessed migration rate, invasion, colony-forming ability, and flow cytometry assays (apoptosis and cell cycle) after 24 h of miRNA treatment. For in vivo experiments, 16 male NOD/SCID mice were used to evaluate the effect of restoring miR-137 expression together with cholesterol. The animals were fed a standard (SD) or hypercholesterolemic (HCOL) diet for 21 days. After this, we xenografted PC-3 LUC-MC6 cells into their subcutaneous tissue. Tumor volume and bioluminescence intensity were measured weekly. After the tumors reached 50 mm3, we started intratumor treatments with a miR-137 mimic, at a dose of 6 μg weekly for four weeks. Ultimately, the animals were killed, and the xenografts were resected and analyzed for gene and protein expression. The animals' serum was collected to evaluate the lipid profile. The in vitro results showed that miR-137 could inhibit the transcription and translation of the p160 family, SRC-1, SRC-2, and SRC-3, and indirectly reduce the expression of AR. After these analyses, it was determined that increased miR-137 inhibits cell migration and invasion and impacts reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis rates. The in vivo results demonstrated that tumor growth was arrested after the intratumoral restoration of miR-137, and proliferation levels were reduced in the SD and HCOL groups. Interestingly, the tumor growth retention response was more significant in the HCOL group. We conclude that miR-137 is a potential therapeutic miRNA that, in association with androgen precursors, can restore and reinstate the AR-mediated axis of transcription and transactivation of androgenic pathway homeostasis. Further studies involving the miR-137/coregulator/AR/cholesterol axis should be conducted to evaluate this miR in a clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruan Pimenta
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (ID'Or), São Paulo 04501000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Mie Mioshi
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- Campus Santo André, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210580, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Renal Physiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508000, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Candido
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana A Camargo
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa R Guimarães
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Caroline Chiovatto
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- Campus Ipiranga, Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo 04263200, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitória Ghazarian
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Poliana Romão
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina Serafim da Silva
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- Campus Ipiranga, Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo 04263200, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel A Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Iran A Silva
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Miguel Srougi
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (ID'Or), São Paulo 04501000, SP, Brazil
| | - William C Nahas
- Uro-Oncology Group, Urology Department, Institute of Cancer Estate of São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo 01246000, SP, Brazil
| | - Kátia R Leite
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Nayara I Viana
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- Campus Passos, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais-UEMG, Passos 37900106, MG, Brazil
| | - Sabrina T Reis
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
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14
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Xu W, Liu L, Cui Z, Li M, Ni J, Huang N, Zhang Y, Luo J, Sun L, Sun F. Identification of key enzalutamide-resistance-related genes in castration-resistant prostate cancer and verification of RAD51 functions. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230715. [PMID: 37251536 PMCID: PMC10224628 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) often develop drug resistance after treatment with enzalutamide. The goal of our study was to identify the key genes related to enzalutamide resistance in CRPC and to provide new gene targets for future research on improving the efficacy of enzalutamide. Differential expression genes (DEGs) associated with enzalutamide were obtained from the GSE151083 and GSE150807 datasets. We used R software, the DAVID database, protein-protein interaction networks, the Cytoscape program, and Gene Set Cancer Analysis for data analysis. The effect of RAD51 knockdown on prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines was demonstrated using Cell Counting Kit-8, clone formation, and transwell migration experiments. Six hub genes with prognostic values were screened (RAD51, BLM, DTL, RFC2, APOE, and EXO1), which were significantly associated with immune cell infiltration in PCa. High RAD51, BLM, EXO1, and RFC2 expression was associated with androgen receptor signaling pathway activation. Except for APOE, high expression of hub genes showed a significant negative correlation with the IC50 of Navitoclax and NPK76-II-72-1. RAD51 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and migration of PC3 and DU145 cell lines and promoted apoptosis. Additionally, 22Rv1 cell proliferation was more significantly inhibited with RAD51 knockdown than without RAD51 knockdown under enzalutamide treatment. Overall, six key genes associated with enzalutamide resistance were screened (RAD51, BLM, DTL, RFC2, APOE, and EXO1), which are potential therapeutic targets for enzalutamide-resistant PCa in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhongqi Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Jinliang Ni
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Limei Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenyong Sun
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, No. 301, Yanchang Middle Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, No. 301, Yanchang Middle Road, Jingan District, 200072, Shanghai, China
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15
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Cui D, Luo Z, Liu X, Chen X, Zhang Q, Yang X, Lu Q, Su Z, Guo H. Combination of metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis to decipher the mechanisms of total flavonoids of Litchi seed against prostate cancer. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023:7160314. [PMID: 37167442 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the underlying mechanism of total flavonoids of Litchi seed (TFLS) in treating prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), EdU incorporation assay, trypan blue dye assay and colony formation assay were employed to evaluate the effect of TFLS on PCa in vitro. The xenograft mouse model was established to explore the anti-tumour effect of TFLS in vivo. Alterations in the metabolic profiles of the PC3 cells and mouse serum were obtained by untargeted metabolomics. Combination with metabolomics analysis and network pharmacology strategies, the potential targets were predicted and further validated by RT-qPCR. KEY FINDINGS TFLS attenuated PCa progression both in vitro and in vivo. Metabolomics results yielded from cells and serum indicated that the anti-cancer effect of TFLS was correlated with synergistic modulation of five common metabolic pathways including glycerophospholipid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism and steroid biosynthesis. Using in silico prediction and RT-qPCR analysis, we further revealed that TFLS exerted anti-PCa activities via regulating the expressions of nine genes, including MAOA, ACHE, ALDH2, AMD1, ARG1, PLA2G10, PLA2G1B, FDFT1 and SQLE. CONCLUSIONS TFLS suppressed tumour proliferation in PCa, which may be associated with regulating lipid and amino acid metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianxin Cui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Anti-geriatric Drugs, Pharmaceutical college, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhuo Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Anti-geriatric Drugs, Pharmaceutical college, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Anti-geriatric Drugs, Pharmaceutical college, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qinpei Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Anti-geriatric Drugs, Pharmaceutical college, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhiheng Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Anti-geriatric Drugs, Pharmaceutical college, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Anti-geriatric Drugs, Pharmaceutical college, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education & Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
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16
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Zhai X, Chen X, Wan Z, Ge M, Ding Y, Gu J, Hua J, Guo D, Tan M, Xu D. Identification of the novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers associated of prostate cancer with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Front Oncol 2023; 13:1136835. [PMID: 36937411 PMCID: PMC10020494 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1136835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, prostate cancer remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity despite advances in treatment. Research on prostate cancer has primarily focused on the malignant epithelium, but the tumor microenvironment has recently been recognized as an important factor in the progression of prostate cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important role in prostate cancer progression among multiple cell types in the tumor microenvironment. In order to develop new treatments and identify predictive and prognostic biomarkers for CAFs, further research is needed to understand the mechanism of action of prostate cancer and CAF. In this work, we performed the single-cell RNA sequence analysis to obtain the biomarkers for CAFs, and ten genes were finally regarded as the marker genes for CAFs. Based on the ssGSEA algorithm, the prostate cancer cohort was divided into low- and high-CAFs groups. Further analysis revealed that the CAFs-score is associated with many immune-related cells and immune-related pathways. In addition, between the low- and high-CAFs tissues, a total of 127 hub genes were discovered, which is specific in CAFs. After constructing the prognostic prediction model, SLPI, VSIG2, CENPF, SLC7A1, SMC4, and ITPR2 were finally regarded as the key genes in the prognosis of patients with prostate cancer. Each patient was assigned with the risk score as follows: SLPI* 0.000584811158157081 + VSIG2 * -0.01190627068889 + CENPF * -0.317826812875334 + SLC7A1 * -0.0410213995358753 + SMC4 * 0.202544454923637 + ITPR2 * -0.0824652047622673 + TOP2A * 0.140312081524807 + OR51E2 * -0.00136602095885459. The GSVA revealed the biological features of CAFs, many cancer-related pathways, such as the adipocytokine signaling pathway, ERBB signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway and PPAR signaling pathway are closely associated with CAFs. As a result of these observations, similar transcriptomics may be involved in the transition from normal fibroblasts to CAFs in adjacent tissues. As one of the biomarkers for CAFs, CENPF can promote the proliferation ability of prostate cancer cells. The overexpress of CENPF could promote the proliferation ability of prostate cancer cells. In conclusion, we discuss the potential prognostic and therapeutic value of CAF-dependent pathways in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingyue Tan
- Urology Centre, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongliang Xu
- Urology Centre, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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17
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Zhao B, Wang J, Chen L, Wang H, Liang CZ, Huang J, Xu LF. The role of glutamine metabolism in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Asian J Androl 2023; 25:192-197. [PMID: 36629158 PMCID: PMC10069699 DOI: 10.4103/aja2022105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of metabolism is a hallmark of tumors, which has been explored for therapeutic purposes. Prostate cancer (PCa), particularly advanced and therapy-resistant PCa, displays unique metabolic properties. Targeting metabolic vulnerabilities in PCa may benefit patients who have exhausted currently available treatment options and improve clinical outcomes. Among the many nutrients, glutamine has been shown to play a central role in the metabolic reprogramming of advanced PCa. In addition to amino acid metabolism, glutamine is also widely involved in the synthesis of other macromolecules and biomasses. Targeting glutamine metabolic network by maximally inhibiting glutamine utilization in tumor cells may significantly add to treatment options for many patients. This review summarizes the metabolic landscape of PCa, with a particular focus on recent studies of how glutamine metabolism alterations affect therapeutic resistance and disease progression of PCa, and suggests novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230002, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Urologic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230002, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Chao-Zhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ling-Fan Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
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18
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Zhu WZ, He QY, Feng DC, Wei Q, Yang L. Circadian rhythm in prostate cancer: time to take notice of the clock. Asian J Androl 2023; 25:184-191. [PMID: 36073562 PMCID: PMC10069698 DOI: 10.4103/aja202255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is an evolutionary molecular product that is associated with better adaptation to changes in the external environment. Disruption of the circadian rhythm plays a critical role in tumorigenesis of many kinds of cancers, including prostate cancer (PCa). Integrating circadian rhythm into PCa research not only brings a closer understanding of the mechanisms of PCa but also provides new and effective options for the precise treatment of patients with PCa. This review begins with patterns of the circadian clock, highlights the role of the disruption of circadian rhythms in PCa at the epidemiological and molecular levels, and discusses possible new approaches to PCa therapy that target the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhen Zhu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qi-Ying He
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - De-Chao Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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19
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Chen E, Wang C, Lv H, Yu J. The role of fatty acid desaturase 2 in multiple tumor types revealed by bulk and single-cell transcriptomes. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:25. [PMID: 36788618 PMCID: PMC9930218 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01789-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated the important role of fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) in governing tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis. Although FADS2 is an essential regulator of fatty acid metabolism, its prognostic and immunotherapeutic value remains uncertain. METHODS The role of FADS2 was investigated across different types of tumors. Besides, the relationship between FADS2 and survival prognosis, clinicopathologic features, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immunoregulatory genes, chemokines, chemokines receptor, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) was also explored. FADS2-related genes enrichment analysis was performed to further explore the molecular function of FADS2. Finally, the relationship between FADS2 expression and altered functional states in single-cell levels across different tumor cells was explored. RESULTS FADS2 was increased in most tumor tissues. Elevated FADS2 expression was associated with a poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). FADS2 amplification was germane to worse progress-free survival (PFS). In addition, FADS2 correlated with the majority of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immunoregulatory genes, and chemokines. Especially, FADS2 expression positively correlated with cancer-associated fibroblast (CAFs) infiltration. Gene Ontology and KEGG analysis demonstrated that FADS2 was involved in the fatty acid metabolic process, arachidonic acid metabolism, RAS, PPAR, and VEGF pathway. FADS2 had a positive relationship with tumor biological behaviors such as inflammation, cell cycle, proliferation, DNA damage, and DNA repair response in single-cell levels. CONCLUSIONS FADS2 can serve as a potential prognostic and immunotherapeutic biomarker for multiple tumors, revealing new insights and evidence for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enli Chen
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XCancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong an Road, Beijing, 100053 Xi Cheng District China
| | - Cong Wang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XCancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong an Road, Beijing, 100053 Xi Cheng District China
| | - Hongwei Lv
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XCancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong an Road, Beijing, 100053 Xi Cheng District China
| | - Jing Yu
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong an Road, Beijing, 100053, Xi Cheng District, China.
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20
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Regulatory Role of Fatty Acid Metabolism-Related Long Noncoding RNA in Prostate Cancer: A Computational Biology Study Analysis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:9736073. [PMID: 36824662 PMCID: PMC9943624 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9736073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
In elderly men, prostate cancer is a leading cause of death. Tumor cells require more energy to progress than normal cells, and this energy is mainly dependent on the large amount of ATP support generated by lipid metabolism. Therefore, in this study, we focused on long noncoding RNAs related to lipid metabolism in prostate cancer to discover the biological mechanisms of lipid metabolism regulation. The TCGA-PRAD cohort was used in this study for computational biology analysis. In lipid metabolism biological pathways, 1959 long noncoding RNAs were identified by Pearson correlation coefficient analysis of protein-coding genes, then univariate regression with P values fewer than 0.05. We further identified 784 lncRNAs that were lipid metabolism-related lncRNAs considered to have prognostic value for disease-free survival. Subsequently, we constructed two lncRNA expression patterns of lipid metabolism based on these lncRNAs by nonnegative matrix dimensionality reduction. These two expression patterns showed significant differences in disease-free survival curves for those diagnosed with prostate cancer. We found significant differences in mRNA surveillance pathway and mRNA processing between C1 and C2 groups based on the WGCNA method to explore the biological characteristics of these two expression patterns. Finally, we constructed a disease-free survival (PFS) model based on these lncRNAs. The results identified lncRNAs involved in lipid metabolism and revealed differences in their expression patterns. Additionally, the results offer candidate ideas and approaches concerning the precision treatment of prostate cancer by studying lipid metabolism by candidate long noncoding RNAs.
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21
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Wanjari UR, Mukherjee AG, Gopalakrishnan AV, Murali R, Dey A, Vellingiri B, Ganesan R. Role of Metabolism and Metabolic Pathways in Prostate Cancer. Metabolites 2023; 13:183. [PMID: 36837801 PMCID: PMC9962346 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the common cause of death in men. The pathophysiological factors contributing to PCa are not well known. PCa cells gain a protective mechanism via abnormal lipid signaling and metabolism. PCa cells modify their metabolism in response to an excessive intake of nutrients to facilitate advancement. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is inextricably linked to the carcinogenic progression of PCa, which heightens the severity of the disease. It is hypothesized that changes in the metabolism of the mitochondria contribute to the onset of PCa. The studies of particular alterations in the progress of PCa are best accomplished by examining the metabolome of prostate tissue. Due to the inconsistent findings written initially, additional epidemiological research is required to identify whether or not MetS is an aspect of PCa. There is a correlation between several risk factors and the progression of PCa, one of which is MetS. The metabolic symbiosis between PCa cells and the tumor milieu and how this type of crosstalk may aid in the development of PCa is portrayed in this work. This review focuses on in-depth analysis and evaluation of the metabolic changes that occur within PCa, and also aims to assess the effect of metabolic abnormalities on the aggressiveness status and metabolism of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Reshma Murali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
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22
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Raith F, O’Donovan DH, Lemos C, Politz O, Haendler B. Addressing the Reciprocal Crosstalk between the AR and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathways for Prostate Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032289. [PMID: 36768610 PMCID: PMC9917236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The reduction in androgen synthesis and the blockade of the androgen receptor (AR) function by chemical castration and AR signaling inhibitors represent the main treatment lines for the initial stages of prostate cancer. Unfortunately, resistance mechanisms ultimately develop due to alterations in the AR pathway, such as gene amplification or mutations, and also the emergence of alternative pathways that render the tumor less or, more rarely, completely independent of androgen activation. An essential oncogenic axis activated in prostate cancer is the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, as evidenced by the frequent alterations of the negative regulator phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and by the activating mutations in PI3K subunits. Additionally, crosstalk and reciprocal feedback loops between androgen signaling and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade that activate pro-survival signals and play an essential role in disease recurrence and progression have been evidenced. Inhibitors addressing different players of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway have been evaluated in the clinic. Only a limited benefit has been reported in prostate cancer up to now due to the associated side effects, so novel combination approaches and biomarkers predictive of patient response are urgently needed. Here, we reviewed recent data on the crosstalk between AR signaling and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, the selective inhibitors identified, and the most advanced clinical studies, with a focus on combination treatments. A deeper understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms involved in disease progression and treatment resistance is essential to further guide therapeutic approaches with improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Raith
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel H. O’Donovan
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Clara Lemos
- Bayer Research and Innovation Center, Bayer US LLC, 238 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Oliver Politz
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernard Haendler
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-2215-41198
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23
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Zhang R, Zhang Z, Wu W, Shi J, Berk E, Li W, Deng Y, Wang Z, Hou J, Long H, Lei M, Wu W. Multi-omics profiling of PC-3 cells reveals bufadienolides-induced lipid metabolic remodeling by regulating long-chain lipids synthesis and hydrolysis. Metabolomics 2023; 19:6. [PMID: 36645548 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01968-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipid metabolism participates in various biological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and maintenance of membrane homeostasis of prostate tumor cells. Bufadienolides, the active ingredients of Chansu, show a robust anti-proliferative effect against prostate cancer cells in vitro, but whether bufadienolides could regulate the lipid metabolism in prostate cancer has not been evaluated. OBJECTIVES Our study explored the regulatory effects of bufadienolides on lipid metabolism in human prostate carcinoma cells (PC-3). METHODS Untargeted lipidomics and transcriptomics were combined to study the effect of different bufadienolides interventions on lipid and gene changes of PC-3 cells. The key genes related to lipid metabolism and prostate cancer development were verified by qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS Lipidomic analysis showed that the active bufadienolides significantly downregulated the content of long-chain lipids of PC-3 cells. Based on transcriptomic and qPCR analyses, many genes related to lipid metabolism were significantly regulated by active bufadienolides, such as ELOVL6, CYP2E1, GAL3ST1, CERS1, PLA2G10, PLD1, SPTLC3, and GPX2. Bioinformatics analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas database and literature retrieval showed that elongation of very long-chain fatty acids protein 6 (ELOVL6) and phospholipase D1 (PLD1) might be important regulatory genes. Western blot analysis revealed that active bufadienolides could downregulate PLD1 protein levels which might promote anti-prostate cancer effect. CONCLUSIONS All these findings support that bufadienolides might induce lipid metabolic remodeling by regulating long-chain lipids synthesis and phospholipid hydrolysis to achieve an anti-prostate cancer effect, and PLD1 would probably be the key protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijia Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyong Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jingying Shi
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Entezar Berk
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wei Li
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Deng
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjun Hou
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Huali Long
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lei
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wanying Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Center for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Alberto M, Yim A, Lawrentschuk N, Bolton D. Dysfunctional Lipid Metabolism-The Basis for How Genetic Abnormalities Express the Phenotype of Aggressive Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020341. [PMID: 36672291 PMCID: PMC9857232 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most frequent cancer in men, with increasing prevalence due to an ageing population. Advanced prostate cancer is diagnosed in up to 20% of patients, and, therefore, it is important to understand evolving mechanisms of progression. Significant morbidity and mortality can occur in advanced prostate cancer where treatment options are intrinsically related to lipid metabolism. Dysfunctional lipid metabolism has long been known to have a relationship to prostate cancer development; however, only recently have studies attempted to elucidate the exact mechanism relating genetic abnormalities and lipid metabolic pathways. Contemporary research has established the pathways leading to prostate cancer development, including dysregulated lipid metabolism-associated de novo lipogenesis through steroid hormone biogenesis and β-oxidation of fatty acids. These pathways, in relation to treatment, have formed potential novel targets for management of advanced prostate cancer via androgen deprivation. We review basic lipid metabolism pathways and their relation to hypogonadism, and further explore prostate cancer development with a cellular emphasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Alberto
- Department of Urology, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Arthur Yim
- Department of Urology, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Nathan Lawrentschuk
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Damien Bolton
- Department of Urology, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence:
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25
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Peng S, Liu C, Fan X, Zhu J, Zhang S, Zhou X, Wang T, Gao F, Zhu W. Analysis of aberrant miRNA-mRNA interaction networks in prostate cancer to conjecture its molecular mechanisms. Cancer Biomark 2022; 35:395-407. [PMID: 36373308 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-220051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) capable of post-transcriptionally regulating mRNA expression are essential to tumor occurrence and progression. OBJECTIVE This study aims to find negatively regulatory miRNA-mRNA pairs in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD). METHODS Combining The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA-Seq data with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) mRNA/miRNA expression profiles, differently expressed miRNA/mRNA (DE-miRNAs/DE-mRNAs) were identified. MiRNA-mRNA pairs were screened by miRTarBase and TarBase, databases collecting experimentally confirmed miRNA-mRNA pairs, and verified in 30 paired prostate specimens by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The diagnostic values of miRNA-mRNA pairs were measured by receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA). DAVID-mirPath database and Connectivity Map were employed in GO/KEGG analysis and compounds research. Interactions between miRNA-mRNA pairs and phenotypic features were analyzed with correlation heatmap in hiplot. RESULTS Based on TCGA RNA-Seq data, 22 miRNA and 14 mRNA GEO datasets, 67 (20 down and 47 up) miRNAs and 351 (139 up and 212 down) mRNAs were selected. After screening from 2 databases, 8 miRNA (up)-mRNA (down) and 7 miRNA (down)-mRNA (up) pairs were identified with Pearson's correlation in TCGA. By external validation, miR-221-3p (down)/GALNT3 (up) and miR-20a-5p (up)/FRMD6 (down) were chosen. The model combing 4 signatures possessed better diagnostic value. These two miRNA-mRNA pairs were significantly connected with immune cells fraction and tumor immune microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS The diagnostic model containing 2 negatively regulatory miRNA-mRNA pairs was established to distinguish PRADs from normal controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Peng
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingchen Fan
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingfeng Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongshan Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Osteology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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26
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Ginsenosides in cancer: A focus on the regulation of cell metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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27
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Li Z, Zhang X, Sun C, Fei H, Li Z, Zhao D. Effects of Serum Lipids on the Long-Term Prognosis of Ampullary Adenocarcinoma Patients after Curative Pancreatoduodenectomy. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:9006-9017. [PMID: 36421359 PMCID: PMC9689436 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum lipids (SLs), the prominent indicators of lipid metabolism, produce an intricate impact on proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. However, the effects of serum lipids on the prognosis of ampullary adenocarcinoma (AC) have not been investigated. METHODS Patients with AC in the National Cancer Center of China between January 1998 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Survival analysis for overall survival (OS, Time from operation to death) and recurrence-free survival (RFS, Time from operation to first-time recurrence) was performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS A total of 232 AC patients were enrolled into the study. SLs levels were significantly lower in patients with vascular invasion compared to those without (all p < 0.05). The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS rates for AC patients were 86.1%, 64.1%, and 47.6% and 75.8%, 54.8%, and 46.5% for RFS. Biliary/pancreatic fistula (31.9%) and chemotherapy (81.4%) were the majority of postoperative complications and adjuvant therapy, respectively. According to Cox analysis, preoperative LDL-C was an independent prognostic factor for RFS (HR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.21-0.85, p = 0.015), whereas no statistical significance existed in the analysis of HDL-C, TC, and TG. CONCLUSIONS High levels of preoperative LDL-C is a significant predictor of prolonged prognosis in AC patients, which was also observed to be a protective factor to reduce vascular invasion.
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28
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Basavaraj P, Ruangsai P, Hsieh PF, Jiang WP, Bau DT, Huang GJ, Huang WC. Alpinumisoflavone Exhibits the Therapeutic Effect on Prostate Cancer Cells by Repressing AR and Co-Targeting FASN- and HMGCR-Mediated Lipid and Cholesterol Biosynthesis. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1769. [PMID: 36362924 PMCID: PMC9698239 DOI: 10.3390/life12111769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men, and this has been mainly noticed in Western and Asian countries. The aggregations of PCa and castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) progression are the crucial causes in the mortality of patients without the effective treatment. To seek new remedies for the lethal PCa diseases is currently an urgent need. In this study, we endeavored to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of alpinumisoflavone (AIF), a natural product, in PCa. LNCaP (androgen- sensitive) and C4-2 (CRPC) PCa cells were used. An MTT-based method, soft agar colony forming assay, biological progression approaches were applied to determine cell viability, migration, and invasion. A fatty acid quantification kit, a cholesterol detection kit and oil red O staining were conducted to analyze the intracellular levels of lipids and cholesterols. Apoptosis assays were also performed. AIF reduced cell viability, migration, and invasion in PCa cells. The expression of androgen receptor (AR), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) was substantially inhibited by AIF treatment in PCa cells. Furthermore, by inhibiting FASN and HMGCR expression, AIF decreased the amounts of intracellular fatty acids, cholesterols, and lipid droplets in PCa cells. Significantly, through coordinated targeting FASN- and HMGCR-regulated biosynthesis and the AR axis, AIF activated the caspase-associated apoptosis in PCa cells. These results collectively demonstrated for the first time the potential of AIF as a novel and attractive remedy and provided an alternative opportunity to cure PCa malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveenkumar Basavaraj
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Phakkhathorn Ruangsai
- International Master’s Program of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Po-Fan Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan
| | - Da-Tian Bau
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- International Master’s Program of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Metabolic changes during prostate cancer development and progression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 149:2259-2270. [PMID: 36151426 PMCID: PMC10097763 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04371-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming has been recognised as a hallmark in solid tumours. Malignant modification of the tumour's bioenergetics provides energy for tumour growth and progression. Otto Warburg first reported these metabolic and biochemical changes in 1927. In prostate cancer (PCa) epithelial cells, the tumour metabolism also changes during development and progress. These alterations are partly driven by the androgen receptor, the key regulator in PCa development, progress, and survival. In contrast to other epithelial cells of different entities, glycolytic metabolism in prostate cells sustains physiological citrate secretion in the normal prostatic epithelium. In the early stages of PCa, citrate is utilised to power oxidative phosphorylation and fuel lipogenesis, enabling tumour growth and progression. In advanced and incurable castration-resistant PCa, a metabolic shift towards choline, amino acid, and glycolytic metabolism fueling tumour growth and progression has been described. Therefore, even if the metabolic changes are not fully understood, the altered metabolism during tumour progression may provide opportunities for novel therapeutic strategies, especially in advanced PCa stages. This review focuses on the main differences in PCa's metabolism during tumourigenesis and progression highlighting glutamine's role in PCa.
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Wang Q, Chen J, Singh S, Xie Z, Qin F, Shi X, Cornelison R, Li H, Huang H. Profile of chimeric RNAs and TMPRSS2-ERG e2e4 isoform in neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:153. [PMID: 36088396 PMCID: PMC9463804 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Specific gene fusions and their fusion products (chimeric RNA and protein) have served as ideal diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer. However, few systematic studies for chimeric RNAs have been conducted in neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). In this study, we explored the landscape of chimeric RNAs in different types of prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines and aimed to identify chimeric RNAs specifically expressed in NEPC. Methods To do so, we employed the RNA-seq data of eight prostate related cell lines from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) for chimeric RNA identification. Multiple filtering criteria were used and the candidate chimeric RNAs were characterized at multiple levels and from various angles. We then performed experimental validation on all 80 candidates, and focused on the ones that are specific to NEPC. Lastly, we studied the clinical relevance and effect of one chimera in neuroendocrine process. Results Out of 80 candidates, 15 were confirmed to be expressed preferentially in NEPC lines. Among them, 13 of the 15 were found to be specifically expressed in NEPC, and four were further validated in another NEPC cell line. Importantly, in silico analysis showed that tumor malignancy may be correlated to the level of these chimeric RNAs. Clinically, the expression of TMPRSS2-ERG (e2e4) was elevated in tumor tissues and indicated poor clinical prognosis, whereas the parental wild type transcripts had no such association. Furthermore, compared to the most frequently detected TMPRSS2-ERG form (e1e4), e2e4 encodes 31 more amino acids and accelerated neuroendocrine process of prostate cancer. Conclusions In summary, these findings painted the landscape of chimeric RNA in NEPC and supported the idea that some chimeric RNAs may represent additional biomarkers and/or treatment targets independent of parental gene transcripts. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00893-5.
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31
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Discovery of Lipid Metabolism-Related Genes for Predicting Tumor Immune Microenvironment Status and Prognosis in Prostate Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:8227806. [PMID: 36106334 PMCID: PMC9467780 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8227806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background. Reprogramming of lipid metabolism is closely associated with tumor development, serving as a common and critical metabolic feature that emerges during tumor evolution. Meanwhile, immune cells in the tumor microenvironment also undergo aberrant lipid metabolism, and altered lipid metabolism also has an impact on the function and status of immune cells, further promoting malignant biological behavior. Consequently, we focused on lipid metabolism-related genes for constructing a novel prognostic marker and evaluating immune status in prostate cancer. Methods. Information about prostate cancer patients was obtained from TCGA and GEO databases. The NMF algorithm was conducted to identify the molecular subtypes. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression analysis was applied to establish a prognostic risk signature. CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate immune cell infiltration levels in prostate cancer. External clinical validation data were used to validate the results. Results. Prostate cancer samples were divided into two subtypes according to the NMF algorithm. A six-gene risk signature (PTGS2, SGPP2, ALB, PLA2G2A, SRD5A2, and SLC2A4) was independent of prognosis and showed good stability. There were significant differences between risk groups of patients with respect to the infiltration of immune cells and clinical variables. Response to immunotherapy also differed between different risk groups. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of the signature genes were verified in tissue samples by qRT-PCR. Conclusion. We constructed a six-gene signature with lipid metabolism in prostate cancer to effectively predict prognosis and reflect immune microenvironment status.
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Qiu X, Li Y, Ma M, Cao M, Yan X, Cai H. Novel application of the traditional lipid ratios as strong risk predictors of nonsmall-cell lung cancer risk in a Chinese population. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30230. [PMID: 36107529 PMCID: PMC9439817 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia has been associated with cancer risk, yet the relationship between lipid ratios and nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still unclear. This study aimed to explore the value of lipid ratios, including total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) and triglyceride/HDL-C (TG/HDL-C) as predictors of NSCLC in a Chinese population. Adult patients with histologically confirmed NSCLC, without a previous history of cancer, concomitant disease associated with lipid metabolism disorders, or usage of lipid-lowering drugs, were enrolled from a single center. Controls without NSCLC, matched for age and sex, were enrolled from the same Center. Lipid profile including TC, TG, HDL-C were measured in all participants. TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C were calculated based on the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C. Seven hundred eighty-two NSCLC cases and 599 controls were enrolled. NSCLC patients had significantly higher TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C levels than those in the control. After controlling for confounding factors, TG/HDL-C (OR = 4.489, 95% CI: 2.463-6.035, P < .001) and TC/HDL-C (OR = 2.396, 95% CI: 2.086-2.752, P = .001) were independently associated with NSCLC risk. The incidence of NSCLC was increased with rising tertiles of TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C. Moreover, patients with TNM II-IV stage NSCLC had higher TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C than those in TNM I and Tis stage. TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C are positively correlated with NSCLC risk and TG/HDL-C is more predictive than TC/HDL-C in predicting the risk of NSCLC. The highest AUC was that of TG/HDL (0.898), at a cutoff point of 0.62, with 83.6% sensitivity and 83.5% specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Qiu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanran Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * Correspondence: Hourong Cai, MD, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China (e-mail )
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hourong Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * Correspondence: Hourong Cai, MD, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China (e-mail )
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Li W, Huang T, Xu S, Che B, Yu Y, Zhang W, Tang K. Molecular Mechanism of Tanshinone against Prostate Cancer. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175594. [PMID: 36080361 PMCID: PMC9457553 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant tumor of the male urinary system in Europe and America. According to the data in the World Cancer Report 2020, the incidence rate of PCa ranks second in the prevalence of male malignant tumors and varies worldwide between regions and population groups. Although early PCa can achieve good therapeutic results after surgical treatment, due to advanced PCa, it can adapt and tolerate androgen castration-related drugs through a variety of mechanisms. For this reason, it is often difficult to achieve effective therapeutic results in the treatment of advanced PCa. Tanshinone is a new fat-soluble phenanthraquinone compound derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza that can play a therapeutic role in different cancers, including PCa. Several studies have shown that Tanshinone can target various molecular pathways of PCa, including the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, androgen receptor (AR) pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which will affect the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and affect cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumor metabolism, genomic stability, and tumor drug resistance. Thus, the occurrence and development of PCa cells are inhibited. In this review, we summarized the in vivo and in vitro evidence of Tanshinone against prostate cancer and discussed the effect of Tanshinone on nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), AR, and mTOR. At the same time, we conducted a network pharmacology analysis on the four main components of Tanshinone to further screen the possible targets of Tanshinone against prostate cancer and provide ideas for future research.
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Histone lysine demethylase inhibition reprograms prostate cancer metabolism and mechanics. Mol Metab 2022; 64:101561. [PMID: 35944897 PMCID: PMC9403566 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Methods Results Conclusions KDMs inhibition promotes increases H3K4me2 and H3K27me3 in PCa and CRPC, which causes cancer selective pro-apoptotic pathways. KDMs regulate AR expression in PCa and CRPC, reducing ATP production, mitochondrial respiration and intermediate metabolites availability. Epigenetic controls metabolic pathways and redirects lipid metabolic cascade. KDMs inhibition alters lipid distribution and composition, impacting on physical and mechanical properties of PCa and CRPC.
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35
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Nevedomskaya E, Haendler B. From Omics to Multi-Omics Approaches for In-Depth Analysis of the Molecular Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116281. [PMID: 35682963 PMCID: PMC9181488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer arises following alterations at different cellular levels, including genetic and epigenetic modifications, transcription and translation dysregulation, as well as metabolic variations. High-throughput omics technologies that allow one to identify and quantify processes involved in these changes are now available and have been instrumental in generating a wealth of steadily increasing data from patient tumors, liquid biopsies, and from tumor models. Extensive investigation and integration of these data have led to new biological insights into the origin and development of multiple cancer types and helped to unravel the molecular networks underlying this complex pathology. The comprehensive and quantitative analysis of a molecule class in a biological sample is named omics and large-scale omics studies addressing different prostate cancer stages have been performed in recent years. Prostate tumors represent the second leading cancer type and a prevalent cause of cancer death in men worldwide. It is a very heterogenous disease so that evaluating inter- and intra-tumor differences will be essential for a precise insight into disease development and plasticity, but also for the development of personalized therapies. There is ample evidence for the key role of the androgen receptor, a steroid hormone-activated transcription factor, in driving early and late stages of the disease, and this led to the development and approval of drugs addressing diverse targets along this pathway. Early genomic and transcriptomic studies have allowed one to determine the genes involved in prostate cancer and regulated by androgen signaling or other tumor-relevant signaling pathways. More recently, they have been supplemented by epigenomic, cistromic, proteomic and metabolomic analyses, thus, increasing our knowledge on the intricate mechanisms involved, the various levels of regulation and their interplay. The comprehensive investigation of these omics approaches and their integration into multi-omics analyses have led to a much deeper understanding of the molecular pathways involved in prostate cancer progression, and in response and resistance to therapies. This brings the hope that novel vulnerabilities will be identified, that existing therapies will be more beneficial by targeting the patient population likely to respond best, and that bespoke treatments with increased efficacy will be available soon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernard Haendler
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-2215-41198; Fax: +49-30-468-18069
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36
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Zhou L, Fan R, Luo Y, Zhang C, Jia D, Wang R, Zeng Y, Ren M, Du K, Pan W, Yang J, Tian F, Gu C. A Metabolism-Related Gene Landscape Predicts Prostate Cancer Recurrence and Treatment Response. Front Immunol 2022; 13:837991. [PMID: 35359973 PMCID: PMC8960425 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.837991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant tumor in men. Although clinical treatments of PCa have made great progress in recent decades, once tolerance to treatments occurs, the disease progresses rapidly after recurrence. PCa exhibits a unique metabolic rewriting that changes from initial neoplasia to advanced neoplasia. However, systematic and comprehensive studies on the relationship of changes in the metabolic landscape of PCa with tumor recurrence and treatment response are lacking. We aimed to construct a metabolism-related gene landscape that predicts PCa recurrence and treatment response. Methods In the present study, we used differentially expressed gene analysis, protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks, univariate and multivariate Cox regression, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to construct and verify a metabolism-related risk model (MRM) to predict the disease-free survival (DFS) and response to treatment for PCa patients. Results The MRM predicted patient survival more accurately than the current clinical prognostic indicators. By using two independent PCa datasets (International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) PCa and Taylor) and actual patients to test the model, we also confirmed that the metabolism-related risk score (MRS) was strongly related to PCa progression. Notably, patients in different MRS subgroups had significant differences in metabolic activity, mutant landscape, immune microenvironment, and drug sensitivity. Patients in the high-MRS group were more sensitive to immunotherapy and endocrine therapy, while patients in the low-MRS group were more sensitive to chemotherapy. Conclusions We developed an MRM, which might act as a clinical feature to more accurately assess prognosis and guide the selection of appropriate treatment for PCa patients. It is promising for further application in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Zhou
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Henan Institute of Urology and Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruixin Fan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Henan Institute of Urology and Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongbo Luo
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Henan Institute of Urology and Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Donghui Jia
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rongli Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiao tong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Youmiao Zeng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Henan Institute of Urology and Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengda Ren
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Henan Institute of Urology and Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaixuan Du
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Henan Institute of Urology and Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenbang Pan
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Henan Institute of Urology and Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinjian Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Henan Institute of Urology and Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fengyan Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaohui Gu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Henan Institute of Urology and Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Urological Tumor Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Liu S, He B, Li H. Bisphenol S promotes the progression of prostate cancer by regulating the expression of COL1A1 and COL1A2. Toxicology 2022; 472:153178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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38
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Wu Y, You X, Lin Q, Xiong W, Guo Y, Huang Z, Dai X, Chen Z, Mei S, Long Y, Tian X, Zhou Q. Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Xihuang Pills Against Prostate Cancer via Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:791269. [PMID: 35342388 PMCID: PMC8948438 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.791269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Drug resistance is the major cause of increasing mortality in prostate cancer (PCa). Therefore, it an urgent to develop more effective therapeutic agents for PCa treatment. Xihuang pills (XHP) have been recorded as the efficient anti-tumor formula in ancient Chinese medical literature, which has been utilized in several types of cancers nowadays. However, the effect protective role of XHP on the PCa and its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Methods: The active ingredients of XHP were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and BATMAN-TCM. The potential targets of PCa were acquired from the Gene Cards and OMIM databases. R language and Perl language program were utilized to clarify the interaction between the PCa-related targets and the potential targets of XHP. The potential targets of XHP for prostate cancer were gathered from the Gene ontology and KEGG pathway. Furthermore, cell proliferation assays were verified by PC3 and LNCaP cells. The efficacy and potential mechanism tests were confirmed by the PCa PC3 cells and mice subcutaneous transplantation. The effects of PI3K/Akt/mTOR-related proteins on proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of PCa cells were measured by the Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK8), TUNEL assay, real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (QRT-PCR), and Western Blotting, respectively. Results: The active components of four traditional Chinese medicines in XHP were searched on the TCMSP and Batman TCM database. The biological active components of XHP were obtained as OB ≥30% and DL ≥0.18. The analysis of gene ontology and KEGG pathway identified the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway as the XHP-associated pathway. Collectively, the results of in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that XHP had the effect of inhibiting on the proliferation of PC3 and LNCaP cells. XHP promoted the apoptosis and restrained the cell cycle and invasion of the PC3 cells and subcutaneous transplantation. Meanwhile, the suppression of XHP on the level of expression of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR-pathway-related pathway proteins has been identified in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-related pathway proteins were confirmed as the potential XHP-associated targets for PCa. XHP can suppress the proliferation of prostate cancer via inhibitions of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongrong Wu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xujun You
- Graduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Shenzhen Baoan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qunfang Lin
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yinmei Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Transformation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xinjun Dai
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengjia Chen
- Graduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Si Mei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Long
- Graduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xuefei Tian
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Oncology, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Kanagasabai T, Li G, Shen TH, Gladoun N, Castillo-Martin M, Celada SI, Xie Y, Brown LK, Mark ZA, Ochieng J, Ballard BR, Cordon-Cardo C, Adunyah SE, Jin R, Matusik RJ, Chen Z. MicroRNA-21 deficiency suppresses prostate cancer progression through downregulation of the IRS1-SREBP-1 signaling pathway. Cancer Lett 2022; 525:46-54. [PMID: 34610416 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), a master transcription factor in lipogenesis and lipid metabolism, is critical for disease progression and associated with poor outcomes in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. However, the mechanism of SREBP-1 regulation in PCa remains elusive. Here, we report that SREBP-1 is transcriptionally regulated by microRNA-21 (miR-21) in vitro in cultured cells and in vivo in mouse models. We observed aberrant upregulation of SREBP-1, fatty acid synthase (FASN) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in Pten/Trp53 double-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and Pten/Trp53 double-null mutant mice. Strikingly, miR-21 loss significantly reduced cell proliferation and suppressed the prostate tumorigenesis of Pten/Trp53 mutant mice. Mechanistically, miR-21 inactivation decreased the levels of SREBP-1, FASN, and ACC in human PCa cells through downregulation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1)-mediated transcription and induction of cellular senescence. Conversely, miR-21 overexpression increased cell proliferation and migration; as well as the levels of IRS1, SREBP-1, FASN, and ACC in human PCa cells. Our findings reveal that miR-21 promotes PCa progression by activating the IRS1/SREBP-1 axis, and targeting miR-21/SREBP-1 signaling pathway can be a novel strategy for controlling PCa malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaivelan Kanagasabai
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Guoliang Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Tian Huai Shen
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Nataliya Gladoun
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mireia Castillo-Martin
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sherly I Celada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, 37209, USA
| | - Yingqiu Xie
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Lakendria K Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Zaniya A Mark
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Josiah Ochieng
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Billy R Ballard
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Samuel E Adunyah
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Renjie Jin
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Robert J Matusik
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Zhenbang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
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The Effect of Fatty Acids on Ciprofloxacin Cytotoxic Activity in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. Does Lipid Component Enhance Anticancer Ciprofloxacin Potential? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020409. [PMID: 35053570 PMCID: PMC8773529 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Most prostate cancers are initially hormone-dependent but later gain a hormone-independent phenotype associated with changes in lipid metabolism, including enhanced absorption of extracellular fatty acids. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of ciprofloxacin conjugates with fatty acids on different type of prostate cancer (LNCaP and DU-145) and normal (RWPE-1) cells, as well as their influence on cell lipid metabolism by proteomic analysis. All tested conjugates exhibited cytotoxic potential, the most powerful for oleic, elaidic and docosahexaenoic acids. The hormone-independent DU145 line was more sensitive to derivatives than the hormone-dependent LNCaP line. These results are consistent with previously observed pronounced cytotoxic effect of conjugates on a hormone-insensitive PC3 line. Tested derivatives decreased intensity of proteins involved in prostate cancer lipid metabolism. Our findings confirm the involvement of lipid metabolism in prostate carcinogenesis indicating a target for fatty acids as drug carriers. Abstract Purpose: To assess cytotoxic effect of ciprofloxacin conjugates with fatty acids on prostate cancer cells (LNCaP and DU-145) with different hormone sensitivity, based on previous promising results from the PC3 cells. Methods: Cytotoxicity were estimated using MTT and LDH tests, whereas its mechanisms were estimated by apoptosis and IL-6 assays. The intensity of proteins involved in lipid metabolism was determined using ML-CS assay. Results: The hormone insensitive DU-145 cells were more vulnerable than the hormone sensitive LNCaP cells. The IC50 values for oleic (4), elaidic (5) and docosahexaenoic acid (8) conjugates were 20.2 µM, 17.8 µM and 16.5 µM, respectively, in DU-145 cells, whereas in LNCaP cells IC50 exceeded 20 µM. The strong conjugate cytotoxicity was confirmed in the LDH test, the highest (70.8%) for compound (5) and 64.2% for compound (8) in DU-145 cells. This effect was weaker for LNCaP cells (around 60%). The cytotoxic effect of unconjugated ciprofloxacin and fatty acids was weaker. The early apoptosis was predominant in LNCaP while in DU-145 cells both early and late apoptosis was induced. The tested conjugates decreased IL-6 release in both cancer cell lines by almost 50%. Proteomic analysis indicated influence of the ciprofloxacin conjugates on lipid metabolic proteins in prostatic cancer. Conclusion: Our findings suggested the cytotoxic potential of ciprofloxacin conjugates with reduction in proteins involved in prostate cancer progress.
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Zhao S, Li P, Wu W, Wang Q, Qian B, Li X, Shen M. Roles of ferroptosis in urologic malignancies. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:676. [PMID: 34922551 PMCID: PMC8684233 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death, is believed to strongly contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple cancers. Recently, the positive association between ferroptosis and urologic malignancies has drawn considerable attention, while a comprehensive review focused on this issue is absent. Based on this review, ferroptosis has been implicated in the development and therapeutic responses of prostate cancer, kidney cancer, and bladder cancer. Mechanistically, a large number of biomolecules and tumor-associated signaling pathways, including DECR1, PANX2, HSPB1, ACOT8, SUV39H1, NCOA4, PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling, VHL/HIF-2α pathway, and Hippo/TAZ signaling pathway, have been reported to regulate ferroptosis in urologic cancers. Ferroptosis inducers, such as erastin, ART, CPNPs, and quinazolinyl-arylurea derivatives, exert potential therapeutic effects per se and/or enhance the anticancer response of other anticancer drugs in urologic oncology. A better understanding of ferroptosis may provide a promising way to treat therapy-resistant urologic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Weizhou Wu
- Department of Urology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinzhang Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical School, Shihezi, China
| | - Biao Qian
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Maolei Shen
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China.
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42
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Masetti M, Carriero R, Portale F, Marelli G, Morina N, Pandini M, Iovino M, Partini B, Erreni M, Ponzetta A, Magrini E, Colombo P, Elefante G, Colombo FS, den Haan JM, Peano C, Cibella J, Termanini A, Kunderfranco P, Brummelman J, Chung MWH, Lazzeri M, Hurle R, Casale P, Lugli E, DePinho RA, Mukhopadhyay S, Gordon S, Di Mitri D. Lipid-loaded tumor-associated macrophages sustain tumor growth and invasiveness in prostate cancer. J Exp Med 2021; 219:212922. [PMID: 34919143 PMCID: PMC8932635 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are correlated with the progression of prostatic adenocarcinoma (PCa). The mechanistic basis of this correlation and therapeutic strategies to target TAMs in PCa remain poorly defined. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing was used to profile the transcriptional landscape of TAMs in human PCa, leading to identification of a subset of macrophages characterized by dysregulation in transcriptional pathways associated with lipid metabolism. This subset of TAMs correlates positively with PCa progression and shorter disease-free survival and is characterized by an accumulation of lipids that is dependent on Marco. Mechanistically, cancer cell–derived IL-1β enhances Marco expression on macrophages, and reciprocally, cancer cell migration is promoted by CCL6 released by lipid-loaded TAMs. Moreover, administration of a high-fat diet to tumor-bearing mice raises the abundance of lipid-loaded TAMs. Finally, targeting lipid accumulation by Marco blockade hinders tumor growth and invasiveness and improves the efficacy of chemotherapy in models of PCa, pointing to combinatorial strategies that may influence patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Masetti
- Tumor Microenvironment Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Carriero
- Bioinformatics Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Portale
- Tumor Microenvironment Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Marelli
- Tumor Microenvironment Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicolò Morina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Tumor Microenvironment Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Pandini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Tumor Microenvironment Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Iovino
- Tumor Microenvironment Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Erreni
- Unit of Advanced Optical Microscopy, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ponzetta
- Experimental Immunopathology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Magrini
- Experimental Immunopathology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Piergiuseppe Colombo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Grazia Elefante
- Department of Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Simone Colombo
- Flow Cytometry Core, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Joke M.M. den Haan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Clelia Peano
- Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
- Genomics Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Division of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UOS Milan, National Research Council, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Javier Cibella
- Genomics Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Termanini
- Bioinformatics Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Kunderfranco
- Bioinformatics Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jolanda Brummelman
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matthew Wai Heng Chung
- Medical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Massimo Lazzeri
- Urology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Hurle
- Urology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Casale
- Urology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Lugli
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ronald A. DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Subhankar Mukhopadhyay
- Medical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Siamon Gordon
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford, UK
| | - Diletta Di Mitri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Tumor Microenvironment Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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43
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Zhu PF, Wang MX, Chen ZL, Yang L. Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment: A Literature Review of the Novel Anti-Tumor Mechanism of Statins. Front Oncol 2021; 11:761107. [PMID: 34858839 PMCID: PMC8632059 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.761107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins is widely used in clinical practice as lipid-lowering drugs and has been proven to be effective in the treatment of cardiovascular, endocrine, metabolic syndrome and other diseases. The latest preclinical evidence shows that statins have anti-proliferation, pro-apoptotic, anti-invasion and radiotherapy sensitization effects on tumor cells, suggesting that statins may become a new type of anti-tumor drugs. For a long time, mevalonate pathway has been proved to play a supporting role in the development of tumor cells. As an effective inhibitor of mevalonate pathway, statins have been proved to have a direct auxiliary anti-tumor effect in a large number of studies. In addition, anti-tumor effects of statins through ferroptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy and tumor microenvironment (TME) have also been gradually discovered. However, the specific mechanism of the antitumor effect of statins in the tumor microenvironment has not been clearly elucidated. Herein, we reviewed the antitumor effects of statins in tumor microenvironment, focusing on hypoxia microenvironment, immune microenvironment, metabolic microenvironment, acid microenvironment and mechanical microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Zhu
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Graduate School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Ming-Xing Wang
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Graduate School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Zhe-Ling Chen
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Graduate School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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Liu M, Liu Y, Feng H, Jing Y, Zhao S, Yang S, Zhang N, Jin S, Li Y, Weng M, Xue X, Wang F, Yang Y, Jin X, Kong D. Clinical Significance of Screening Differential Metabolites in Ovarian Cancer Tissue and Ascites by LC/MS. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:701487. [PMID: 34795577 PMCID: PMC8593816 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.701487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells not only show a vigorous metabolic state, but also reflect the disease progression and prognosis from their metabolites. To judge the progress and prognosis of ovarian cancer is generally based on the formation of ascites, or whether there is ascites recurrence during chemotherapy after ovarian cancer surgery. To explore the relationship between the production of ascites and ovarian cancer tissue, metabolomics was used to screen differential metabolites in this study. The significant markers leading to ascites formation and chemoresistance were screened by analyzing their correlation with the formation of ascites in ovarian cancer and the clinical indicators of patients, and then provided a theoretical basis. The results revealed that nine differential metabolites were screened out from 37 ovarian cancer tissues and their ascites, among which seven differential metabolites were screened from 22 self-paired samples. Sebacic acid and 20-COOH-leukotriene E4 were negatively correlated with the high expression of serum CA125. Carnosine was positively correlated with the high expression of serum uric acid. Hexadecanoic acid was negatively correlated with the high expression of serum γ-GGT and HBDH. 20a,22b-Dihydroxycholesterol was positively correlated with serum alkaline phosphatase and γ-GGT. In the chemotherapy-sensitive and chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer tissues, the differential metabolite dihydrothymine was significantly reduced in the chemotherapy-resistant group. In the ascites supernatant of the drug-resistant group, the differential metabolites, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamins D3-26, 23-lactonel and hexadecanoic acid were also significantly reduced. The results indicated that the nine differential metabolites could reflect the prognosis and the extent of liver and kidney damage in patients with ovarian cancer. Three differential metabolites with low expression in the drug-resistant group were proposed as new markers of chemotherapy efficacy in ovarian cancer patients with ascites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Pathology, Beidahuang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yixin Jing
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shujia Yang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shi Jin
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingjiao Weng
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinzhu Xue
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fuya Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongheng Yang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan Kong
- Department of Gynecology, Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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45
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Qiao X, Gao YY, Zheng LX, Ding XJ, Xu LW, Hu JJ, Gao WZ, Xu JY. Targeting ROS-AMPK pathway by multiaction Platinum(IV) prodrugs containing hypolipidemic drug bezafibrate. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113730. [PMID: 34388483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in lipid metabolism, commonly disregarded in the past, have been accepted as a hallmark for cancer. Exploring cancer therapeutics that interrupt the lipid metabolic pathways by monotherapy or combination with conventional chemotherapy or immunotherapy is of great importance. Here we modified cisplatin with an FDA-approved hypolipidemic drug, bezafibrate (BEZ), via the well-established Pt(IV) strategy, affording two multi-functional Pt(IV) anticancer agents cis,cis,trans-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2(BEZ)(OH)] (CB) and cis,cis,trans-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2(BEZ)2] (CP) (BEZ = bezafibrate). The Pt(IV) prodrug CB exhibited an enhanced anticancer activity up to 187-fold greater than the clinical anticancer drug cisplatin. Both CB and CP had less toxicity to normal cells, showing higher efficacies and superior therapeutic indexes than cisplatin. Mechanism studies revealed that the bezafibrate-conjugated Pt(IV) complex CB, as a representative, could massively accumulate in A549 cells and genomic DNA, induce DNA damage, elevate intracellular ROS levels, perturb mitochondrial transmembrane potentials, activate the cellular metabolic sensor AMPK, and result in profound proliferation inhibition and apoptosis. Further cellular data also provided evidence that phosphorylation of AMPK, as a metabolic sensor, could suppress the downstream HMGB1, NF-κB, and VEGFA, which may contribute to the inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis. Our study suggests that the antitumor action of CB and CP mechanistically distinct from the conventional platinum drugs and that functionalizing platinum-based agents with lipid-modulating agents may represent a novel practical strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiao
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yu-Yang Gao
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Li-Xia Zheng
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Ding
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Ling-Wen Xu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Juan-Juan Hu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Wei-Zhen Gao
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Jing-Yuan Xu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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Xu N, Dong RN, Lin TT, Lin T, Lin YZ, Chen SH, Zhu JM, Ke ZB, Huang F, Chen YH, Xue XY. Development and Validation of Novel Biomarkers Related to M2 Macrophages Infiltration by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis in Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:634075. [PMID: 34268107 PMCID: PMC8276177 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.634075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
M2-tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) work as a promoter in the processes of bone metastases, chemotherapy resistance, and castration resistance in prostate cancer (PCa), but how M2-TAMs affect PCa has not been fully understood. In this study, we analyzed the proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells using the CIBERSORT algorithm, based on samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Then we performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis to examine the modules concerning infiltrated M2-TAMs. Gene Ontology analysis and pathway enrichment analysis were performed for functional annotation and a protein–protein interaction network was constructed. The International Cancer Genomics Consortium cohort was used as a validation cohort. The red module showed the most correlation with M2-TAMs in PCa. Biological processes and pathways were mainly associated with the immune-related processes, as revealed by functional annotation. Four hub genes were screened: ACSL1, DLGAP5, KIF23 and NCAPG. Further validation showed that the four hub genes had a higher expression level in tumor tissues than that in normal tissues, and they were good prognosis biomarkers for PCa. In conclusion, these findings contribute to understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of how M2-TAMs affect PCa, and looking for the potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ru-Nan Dong
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ting-Ting Lin
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tian Lin
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Lin
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shao-Hao Chen
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun-Ming Zhu
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Ke
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Central Lab, Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ye-Hui Chen
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xue-Yi Xue
- Department of Urology, Urology Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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47
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Dłubek J, Rysz J, Jabłonowski Z, Gluba-Brzózka A, Franczyk B. The Correlation between Lipid Metabolism Disorders and Prostate Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2048-2061. [PMID: 32767911 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200806103744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer affecting the male population all over the world. The existence of a correlation between lipid metabolism disorders and cancer of the prostate gland has been widely known for a long time. According to hypotheses, cholesterol may contribute to prostate cancer progression as a result of its participation as a signaling molecule in prostate growth and differentiation via numerous biologic mechanisms including Akt signaling and de novo steroidogenesis. The results of some studies suggest that increased cholesterol levels may be associated with a higher risk of a more aggressive course of the disease. The aforementioned alterations in the synthesis of fatty acids are a unique feature of cancer and, therefore, constitute an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in the treatment of prostate cancer. Pharmacological or gene therapy aims to reduce the activity of enzymes involved in de novo synthesis of fatty acids, FASN, ACLY (ATP citrate lyase) or SCD-1 (Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase) in particular, that may result in cells growth arrest. Nevertheless, not all cancers are unequivocally associated with hypocholesterolaemia. It cannot be ruled out that the relationship between prostate cancer and lipid disorders is not a direct quantitative correlation between carcinogenesis and the amount of circulating cholesterol. Perhaps the correspondence is more sophisticated and connected to the distribution of cholesterol fractions or even sub-fractions of e.g. HDL cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Dłubek
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Jabłonowski
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Gluba-Brzózka
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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48
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Dai M, Yang B, Chen J, Liu F, Zhou Y, Zhou Y, Xu Q, Jiang S, Zhao S, Li X, Zhou X, Yang Q, Li J, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Teng Y. Nuclear-translocation of ACLY induced by obesity-related factors enhances pyrimidine metabolism through regulating histone acetylation in endometrial cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 513:36-49. [PMID: 33991616 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is becoming one of the most common gynecologic malignancies. Lipid metabolism is a hallmark feature of cancers. The molecular mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism in EC remain unclear. In this study, we revealed that many lipid metabolism-related genes were aberrantly expressed in endometrial cancer tissues, especially ACLY. Upregulated ACLY promoted EC cell proliferation and colony formation, and attenuated apoptosis. Mechanistically, cotreatment with obesity-related factors (estradiol, insulin and leptin) promoted nuclear translocation of ACLY through Akt-mediated phosphorylation of ACLY at Ser455. Nuclear-localized ACLY increased histone acetylation levels, thus resulting in upregulation of pyrimidine metabolism genes, such as DHODH. Moreover, STAT3 altered the ACLY expression at the transcriptional level via directly binding to its promoter region. In conclusion, our findings clarify the roles and mechanisms of ACLY in endometrial cancer and ACLY could link obesity risk factors to the regulation of histone acetylation. We believe that novel therapeutic strategies for EC can be designed by targeting the ACLY axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, PR China; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Bikang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, PR China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, PR China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Yanjie Zhou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Qinyang Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Shuheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shujie Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xinchun Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Qin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yahui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Yincheng Teng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, PR China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Shanghai, 200233, PR China.
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49
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Skeletal Muscle-Adipose Tissue-Tumor Axis: Molecular Mechanisms Linking Exercise Training in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094469. [PMID: 33922898 PMCID: PMC8123194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased visceral adiposity may influence the development of prostate cancer (PCa) aggressive tumors and cancer mortality. White adipose tissue (WAT), usually referred to as periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), surrounds the prostatic gland and has emerged as a potential mediator of the tumor microenvironment. Exercise training (ET) induces several adaptations in both skeletal muscle and WAT. Some of these effects are mediated by ET-induced synthesis and secretion of several proteins, known as myo- and adipokines. Together, myokines and adipokines may act in an endocrine-like manner to favor communication between skeletal muscle and WAT, as they may work together to improve whole-body metabolic health. This crosstalk may constitute a potential mechanism by which ET exerts its beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of PCa-related disorders; however, this has not yet been explored. Therefore, we reviewed the current evidence on the effects of skeletal muscle–WAT–tumor crosstalk in PCa, and the potential mediators of this process to provide a better understanding of underlying ET-related mechanisms in cancer.
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50
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Adeshakin FO, Adeshakin AO, Afolabi LO, Yan D, Zhang G, Wan X. Mechanisms for Modulating Anoikis Resistance in Cancer and the Relevance of Metabolic Reprogramming. Front Oncol 2021; 11:626577. [PMID: 33854965 PMCID: PMC8039382 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.626577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The attachment of cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is the hallmark of structure–function stability and well-being. ECM detachment in localized tumors precedes abnormal dissemination of tumor cells culminating in metastasis. Programmed cell death (PCD) is activated during tumorigenesis to clear off ECM-detached cells through “anoikis.” However, cancer cells develop several mechanisms for abrogating anoikis, thus promoting their invasiveness and metastasis. Specific factors, such as growth proteins, pH, transcriptional signaling pathways, and oxidative stress, have been reported as drivers of anoikis resistance, thus enhancing cancer proliferation and metastasis. Recent studies highlighted the key contributions of metabolic pathways, enabling the cells to bypass anoikis. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms driving anoikis resistance could help to counteract tumor progression and prevent metastasis. This review elucidates the dynamics employed by cancer cells to impede anoikis, thus promoting proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, the authors have discussed other metabolic intermediates (especially amino acids and nucleotides) that are less explored, which could be crucial for anoikis resistance and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funmilayo O Adeshakin
- Guangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Adeleye O Adeshakin
- Guangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lukman O Afolabi
- Guangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dehong Yan
- Guangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guizhong Zhang
- Guangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- Guangdong Immune Cell Therapy Engineering and Technology Research Center, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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