1
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Walker RM, Chong M, Perrot N, Pigeyre M, Gadd DA, Stolicyn A, Shi L, Campbell A, Shen X, Whalley HC, Nevado-Holgado A, McIntosh AM, Heitmeier S, Rangarajan S, O'Donnell M, Smith EE, Yusuf S, Whiteley WN, Paré G. The circulating proteome and brain health: Mendelian randomisation and cross-sectional analyses. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:204. [PMID: 38762535 PMCID: PMC11102511 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02915-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Decline in cognitive function is the most feared aspect of ageing. Poorer midlife cognitive function is associated with increased dementia and stroke risk. The mechanisms underlying variation in cognitive function are uncertain. Here, we assessed associations between 1160 proteins' plasma levels and two measures of cognitive function, the digit symbol substitution test (DSST) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in 1198 PURE-MIND participants. We identified five DSST performance-associated proteins (NCAN, BCAN, CA14, MOG, CDCP1), with NCAN and CDCP1 showing replicated association in an independent cohort, GS (N = 1053). MRI-assessed structural brain phenotypes partially mediated (8-19%) associations between NCAN, BCAN, and MOG, and DSST performance. Mendelian randomisation analyses suggested higher CA14 levels might cause larger hippocampal volume and increased stroke risk, whilst higher CDCP1 levels might increase intracranial aneurysm risk. Our findings highlight candidates for further study and the potential for drug repurposing to reduce the risk of stroke and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie M Walker
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Perry Road, Exeter, UK.
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Michael Chong
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nicolas Perrot
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marie Pigeyre
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Danni A Gadd
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Aleks Stolicyn
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Liu Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nxera Pharma UK Limited, Cambridge, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Xueyi Shen
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Heather C Whalley
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | | | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Martin O'Donnell
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Health Research Board Clinical Research Facility, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Eric E Smith
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - William N Whiteley
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Centre for Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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2
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Çakmak R, Başaran E, Sahin K, Şentürk M, Durdağı S. Synthesis of Novel Hydrazide-Hydrazone Compounds and In Vitro and In Silico Investigation of Their Biological Activities against AChE, BChE, and hCA I and II. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:20030-20041. [PMID: 38737075 PMCID: PMC11079868 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The abnormal levels of the human carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes I and II (hCA I and II) and cholinesterase enzymes, namely, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), are linked with various disorders including Alzheimer's disease. In this study, six new nicotinic hydrazide derivatives (7-12) were designed and synthesized for the first time, and their inhibitory profiles against hCA I, hCA II, AChE, and BChE were investigated by in vitro assays and in silico studies. The structures of novel molecules were elucidated by using spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. These molecules showed inhibitory activities against hCA I and II with IC50 values ranging from 7.12 to 45.12 nM. Compared to reference drug acetazolamide (AZA), compound 8 was the most active inhibitor against hCA I and II. On the other hand, it was determined that IC50 values of the tested molecules ranged between 21.45 and 61.37 nM for AChE and between 18.42 and 54.74 nM for BChE. Among them, compound 12 was the most potent inhibitor of AChE and BChE, with IC50 values of 21.45 and 18.42 nM, respectively. In order to better understand the mode of action of these new compounds, state-of-the-art molecular modeling techniques were also conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reşit Çakmak
- Medical
Laboratory Techniques Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Batman University, 72000 Batman, Türkiye
| | - Eyüp Başaran
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Vocational School
of Technical Sciences, Batman University, 72000 Batman, Türkiye
| | - Kader Sahin
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Bahcesehir University, 34353 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Murat Şentürk
- Department
of Biochemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Ağrı
Ibrahim Çecen University, 04100 Ağrı, Türkiye
| | - Serdar Durdağı
- Computational
Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics,
School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir
University, 34353 İstanbul, Türkiye
- Lab
for Innovative
Drugs (Lab4IND), Computational Drug Design Center (HITMER), Bahçeşehir University, 34353 İstanbul, Türkiye
- Molecular
Therapy Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Bahçeşehir University, 34353 Istanbul, Türkiye
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3
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Özil M, Balaydın HT, Dogan B, Şentürk M, Durdagi S. Efficient, rapid, and high-yield synthesis of aryl Schiff base derivatives and their in vitro and in silico inhibition studies of hCA I, hCA II, AChE, and BuChE. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2300266. [PMID: 38593306 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This study reports a rapid and efficient synthesis of four novel aryl Schiff base derivatives. Biological activity and molecular modeling studies were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects of these compounds on human carbonic anhydrases (hCA) and cholinesterases. The results indicate that the triazole-ring-containing compounds have strong inhibitory effects on hCA I, hCA II, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) targets. Besides comparing the Schiff bases synthesized in our study to reference molecules, we conducted in silico investigations to examine how these compounds interact with their targets. Our studies revealed that these compounds can occupy binding sites and establish interactions with crucial residues, thus inhibiting the functions of the targets. These findings have significant implications as they can be utilized to develop more potent compounds for treating the diseases that these target proteins play crucial roles in or to obtain drug precursors with enhanced efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Özil
- Department of Chemistry, The Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Türkiye
| | - Halis T Balaydın
- Education Faculty, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Türkiye
| | - Berna Dogan
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Murat Şentürk
- Pharmacy Faculty, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Türkiye
| | - Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Molecular Therapy Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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4
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Fuentes-Aguilar A, González-Bakker A, Jovanović M, Stojanov SJ, Puerta A, Gargano A, Dinić J, Vega-Báez JL, Merino-Montiel P, Montiel-Smith S, Alcaro S, Nocentini A, Pešić M, Supuran CT, Padrón JM, Fernández-Bolaños JG, López Ó. Coumarins-lipophilic cations conjugates: Efficient mitocans targeting carbonic anhydrases. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107168. [PMID: 38354500 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Being aware of the need to develop more efficient therapies against cancer, herein we disclose an innovative approach for the design of selective antiproliferative agents. We have accomplished the conjugation of a coumarin fragment with lipophilic cations (triphenylphosphonium salts, guanidinium) for providing mitochondriotropic agents that simultaneously target also carbonic anhydrases IX and XII, involved in the development and progression of cancer. The new compounds prepared herein turned out to be strong inhibitors of carbonic anhydrases IX and XII of human origin (low-to-mid nM range), also endowed with high selectivity, exhibiting negligible activity towards cytosolic CA isoforms. Key interactions with the enzyme were analysed using docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Regarding their in vitro antiproliferative activities, an increase of the tether length connecting both pharmacophores led to a clear improvement in potency, reaching the submicromolar range for the lead compounds, and an outstanding selectivity towards tumour cell lines (S.I. up to >357). Cytotoxic effects were also analysed on MDR cell lines under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Chemoresistance exhibited by phosphonium salts, and not by guanidines, against MDR cells was based on the fact that the former were found to be substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), the pump responsible for extruding foreign chemicals; this situation was reversed by administrating tariquidar, a third generation P-gp inhibitor. Moreover, phosphonium salts provoked a profound depolarization of mitochondria membranes from tumour cells, thus probably compromising their oxidative metabolism. To gain insight into the mode of action of title compounds, continuous live cell microscopy was employed; interestingly, this technique revealed two different antiproliferative mechanisms for both families of mitocans. Whereas phosphonium salts had a cytostatic effect, blocking cell division, guanidines led to cell death via apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Fuentes-Aguilar
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain
| | - Aday González-Bakker
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González", Universidad de la Laguna, C/ Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Mirna Jovanović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sofija Jovanović Stojanov
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González", Universidad de la Laguna, C/ Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Adriana Gargano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Jelena Dinić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - José L Vega-Báez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico
| | - Penélope Merino-Montiel
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico
| | - Sara Montiel-Smith
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science Academic Spinoff, Università "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Associazione CRISEA - Centro di Ricerca e Servizi Avanzati per l'Innovazione Rurale, Località Condoleo, 88055 Belcastro (CZ), Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Milica Pešić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy.
| | - José M Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González", Universidad de la Laguna, C/ Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Spain.
| | - José G Fernández-Bolaños
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071 Seville, Spain.
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5
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Giovannuzzi S, Chavarria D, Provensi G, Leri M, Bucciantini M, Carradori S, Bonardi A, Gratteri P, Borges F, Nocentini A, Supuran CT. Dual Inhibitors of Brain Carbonic Anhydrases and Monoamine Oxidase-B Efficiently Protect against Amyloid-β-Induced Neuronal Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. J Med Chem 2024; 67:4170-4193. [PMID: 38436571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
We report here the first dual inhibitors of brain carbonic anhydrases (CAs) and monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) for the management of Alzheimer's disease. Classical CA inhibitors (CAIs) such as methazolamide prevent amyloid-β-peptide (Aβ)-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction. MAO-B is also implicated in ROS production, cholinergic system disruption, and amyloid plaque formation. In this work, we combined a reversible MAO-B inhibitor of the coumarin and chromone type with benzenesulfonamide fragments as highly effective CAIs. A hit-to-lead optimization led to a significant set of derivatives showing potent low nanomolar inhibition of the target brain CAs (KIs in the range of 0.1-90.0 nM) and MAO-B (IC50 in the range of 6.7-32.6 nM). Computational studies were conducted to elucidate the structure-activity relationship and predict ADMET properties. The most effective multitarget compounds totally prevented Aβ-related toxicity, reverted ROS formation, and restored the mitochondrial functionality in an SH-SY5Y cell model surpassing the efficacy of single-target drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Giovannuzzi
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Daniel Chavarria
- CIQUP-IMS, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Provensi
- NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, via G. Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela Leri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Bucciantini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti and Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
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6
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Supuran CT. Drug interactions of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and activators. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2024; 20:143-155. [PMID: 38450431 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2024.2328152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) have been established drug targets for decades, with their inhibitors and activators possessing relevant pharmacological activity and applications in various fields. At least 11 sulfonamides/sulfamates are clinically used as diuretics, antiglaucoma, antiepileptic, or antiobesity agents and one derivative, SLC-0111, is in clinical trials as antitumor/antimetastatic agent. The activators were less investigated with no clinically used agent. AREAS COVERED Drug interactions between CA inhibitors/activators and various other agents are reviewed in publications from the period March 2020 - January 2024. EXPERT OPINION Drug interactions involving these agents revealed several interesting findings. Acetazolamide plus loop diuretics is highy effective in acute decompensated heart failure, whereas ocular diseases such as X-linked retinoschisis and macular edema were treated by acetazolamide plus bevacizumab or topical NSAIDs. Potent anti-infective effects of acetazolamide and other CAIs, alone or in combination with other agents were demonstrated for the management of Neisseria gonorrhoea, vancomycin resistant enterococci, Acanthamoeba castellanii, Trichinella spiralis, and Cryptococcus neoformans infections. Topiramate, in combination with phentermine is incresingly used for the management of obesity, whereas zonisamide plus levodopa is highly effective for Parkinson's disease. Acetazolamide, methazolamide, ethoxzolamide, and SLC-0111 showed synergistic antitumor/antimetastatic action in combination with many other antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
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7
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Kelly L, Brown C, Michalik D, Hawkes CA, Aldea R, Agarwal N, Salib R, Alzetani A, Ethell DW, Counts SE, de Leon M, Fossati S, Koronyo‐Hamaoui M, Piazza F, Rich SA, Wolters FJ, Snyder H, Ismail O, Elahi F, Proulx ST, Verma A, Wunderlich H, Haack M, Dodart JC, Mazer N, Carare RO. Clearance of interstitial fluid (ISF) and CSF (CLIC) group-part of Vascular Professional Interest Area (PIA), updates in 2022-2023. Cerebrovascular disease and the failure of elimination of Amyloid-β from the brain and retina with age and Alzheimer's disease: Opportunities for therapy. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1421-1435. [PMID: 37897797 PMCID: PMC10917045 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
This editorial summarizes advances from the Clearance of Interstitial Fluid and Cerebrospinal Fluid (CLIC) group, within the Vascular Professional Interest Area (PIA) of the Alzheimer's Association International Society to Advance Alzheimer's Research and Treatment (ISTAART). The overarching objectives of the CLIC group are to: (1) understand the age-related physiology changes that underlie impaired clearance of interstitial fluid (ISF) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (CLIC); (2) understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying intramural periarterial drainage (IPAD) in the brain; (3) establish novel diagnostic tests for Alzheimer's disease (AD), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), retinal amyloid vasculopathy, amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) of spontaneous and iatrogenic CAA-related inflammation (CAA-ri), and vasomotion; and (4) establish novel therapies that facilitate IPAD to eliminate amyloid β (Aβ) from the aging brain and retina, to prevent or reduce AD and CAA pathology and ARIA side events associated with AD immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Kelly
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonHampshireUK
| | | | - Daniel Michalik
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonHampshireUK
| | | | - Roxana Aldea
- Roche Pharma Research & Early DevelopmentRoche Innovation Center BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Nivedita Agarwal
- Neuroradiology sectionScientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio MedeaBosisio Parini, LCItaly
| | - Rami Salib
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonHampshireUK
| | - Aiman Alzetani
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonHampshireUK
| | | | - Scott E. Counts
- Dept. Translational NeuroscienceDept. Family MedicineMichigan State UniversityGrand RapidsMichiganUSA
| | - Mony de Leon
- Brain Health Imaging InstituteDepartment of RadiologyWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Maya Koronyo‐Hamaoui
- Departments of NeurosurgeryNeurology, and Biomedical SciencesMaxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Research InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | | | - Heather Snyder
- Alzheimer's AssociationMedical & Scientific RelationsChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Ozama Ismail
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Fanny Elahi
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Ajay Verma
- Formation Venture Engineering FoundryTopsfieldMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Roxana O. Carare
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonHampshireUK
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8
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Dincel ED, Başoğlu-Ünal F, Kuran ED, Kayra T, Aydın N, Kanber E, Gülçin İ, Ulusoy-Güzeldemirci N. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel bistrifluoromethyl-based hydrazones as dual inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase enzymes for Alzheimer's disease. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14482. [PMID: 38378259 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In this project, non-sulfonamide bistrifluoromethyl-derived hydrazide-hydrazones were synthesized as multi-target-directed ligands to treat Alzheimer's disease and then, the novel derivatives were characterized by diverse spectral methods. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitory qualifications of these compounds were determined. The reported compounds (2a-y) were determined to be effective inhibitors of the hCA I, hCA II and AChE enzymes with Ki values in the range of 1.130 ± 0.15-5.440 ± 0.93 μM for hCA I, 0.894 ± 0.05-6.647 ± 1.35 μM for hCA II, and 0.196 ± 0.03-4.222 ± 1.04 μM for AChE. In silico studies were also performed to illuminate the binding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efe Doğukan Dincel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Faika Başoğlu-Ünal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, European University of Lefke, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ebru Didem Kuran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tülay Kayra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Aydın
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esmanur Kanber
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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9
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Haapanen S, Barker H, Carta F, Supuran CT, Parkkila S. Novel Drug Screening Assay for Acanthamoeba castellanii and the Anti-Amoebic Effect of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2024; 67:152-164. [PMID: 38150360 PMCID: PMC10788897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba castellanii is an amoeba that inhabits soil and water in every part of the world. Acanthamoeba infection of the eye causes keratitis and can lead to a loss of vision. Current treatment options are only moderately effective, have multiple harmful side effects, and are tedious. In our study, we developed a novel drug screening method to define the inhibitory properties of potential new drugs against A. castellanii in vitro. We found that the clinically used carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, acetazolamide, ethoxzolamide, and dorzolamide, have promising antiamoebic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Haapanen
- Faculty
of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere
University, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Harlan Barker
- Faculty
of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere
University, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab
Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Neurofarba
Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, I-50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba
Department, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, I-50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty
of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere
University, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab
Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland
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10
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Anzovino A, Canepa E, Alves M, Lemon NL, Carare RO, Fossati S. Amyloid Beta Oligomers Activate Death Receptors and Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptotic Pathways in Cerebral Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells; Protective Effects of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Cells 2023; 12:2840. [PMID: 38132159 PMCID: PMC10741628 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition within the brain vasculature is an early hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which triggers loss of brain vascular smooth muscle cells (BVSMCs) in cerebral arteries, via poorly understood mechanisms, altering cerebral blood flow, brain waste clearance, and promoting cognitive impairment. We have previously shown that, in brain endothelial cells (ECs), vasculotropic Aβ species induce apoptosis through death receptors (DRs) DR4 and DR5 and mitochondria-mediated mechanisms, while FDA-approved carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) prevent mitochondria-mediated EC apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we analyzed Aβ-induced extrinsic and intrinsic (DR- and mitochondria-mediated) apoptotic pathways in BVSMC, aiming to unveil new therapeutic targets to prevent BVSMC stress and death. We show that both apoptotic pathways are activated in BVSMCs by oligomeric Aβ42 and Aβ40-Q22 (AβQ22) and mitochondrial respiration is severely impaired. Importantly, the CAIs methazolamide (MTZ) and acetazolamide (ATZ) prevent the pro-apoptotic effects in BVSMCs, while reducing caspase 3 activation and Aβ deposition in the arterial walls of TgSwDI animals, a murine model of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). This study reveals new molecular targets and a promising therapeutic strategy against BVSMC dysfunction in AD, CAA, and ARIA (amyloid-related imaging abnormalities) complications of recently FDA-approved anti-Aβ antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Anzovino
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (A.A.); (E.C.); (M.A.); (N.L.L.)
| | - Elisa Canepa
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (A.A.); (E.C.); (M.A.); (N.L.L.)
| | - Micaelly Alves
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (A.A.); (E.C.); (M.A.); (N.L.L.)
| | - Nicole L. Lemon
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (A.A.); (E.C.); (M.A.); (N.L.L.)
| | - Roxana O. Carare
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK;
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (A.A.); (E.C.); (M.A.); (N.L.L.)
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11
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Canepa E, Parodi-Rullan R, Vazquez-Torres R, Gamallo-Lana B, Guzman-Hernandez R, Lemon NL, Angiulli F, Debure L, Ilies MA, Østergaard L, Wisniewski T, Gutiérrez-Jiménez E, Mar AC, Fossati S. FDA-approved carbonic anhydrase inhibitors reduce amyloid β pathology and improve cognition, by ameliorating cerebrovascular health and glial fitness. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5048-5073. [PMID: 37186121 PMCID: PMC10600328 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cerebrovascular pathology is an early and causal hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in need of effective therapies. METHODS Based on the success of our previous in vitro studies, we tested for the first time in a model of AD and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), the carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) methazolamide and acetazolamide, Food and Drug Administration-approved against glaucoma and high-altitude sickness. RESULTS Both CAIs reduced cerebral, vascular, and glial amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation and caspase activation, diminished gliosis, and ameliorated cognition in TgSwDI mice. The CAIs also improved microvascular fitness and induced protective glial pro-clearance pathways, resulting in the reduction of Aβ deposition. Notably, we unveiled that the mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase-VB (CA-VB) is upregulated in TgSwDI brains, CAA and AD+CAA human subjects, and in endothelial cells upon Aβ treatment. Strikingly, CA-VB silencing specifically reduces Aβ-mediated endothelial apoptosis. DISCUSSION This work substantiates the potential application of CAIs in clinical trials for AD and CAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Canepa
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Rebecca Parodi-Rullan
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Rafael Vazquez-Torres
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Begona Gamallo-Lana
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Roberto Guzman-Hernandez
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Nicole L. Lemon
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Federica Angiulli
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Ludovic Debure
- Department on Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Marc A. Ilies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Leif Østergaard
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Department on Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Eugenio Gutiérrez-Jiménez
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Adam C. Mar
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
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12
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Yuan AT, Stillman MJ. Metallothionein-3 and carbonic anhydrase metalation properties with Zn(II) and Cd(II) change as a result of protein-protein interactions. Metallomics 2023; 15:mfad056. [PMID: 37723614 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MT) are regulators of the metals Zn(II) and Cu(I) and act as antioxidants in many organisms, including in humans. Isoform 3 (MT3) is expressed constitutively in central nervous tissue and has been shown to have additional biological functions, including the inhibition of neuronal growth, the regulation of apoptosis, and cytoskeleton modulation. To facilitate these functions, protein-protein interactions likely occur. These interactions may then impact the metalation status of the MT and the recipient metalloprotein. Using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and circular dichroism spectroscopy, we report that the interaction between the zinc metalloenzyme, carbonic anhydrase (CA), and MT3, impacts the metalation profiles of both apo-MT3 and apo-CA with Cd(II) and Zn(II). We observe two phases in the metalation of the apo-CA, the first of which is associated with an increased binding affinity of apo-CA for Cd/Zn(II) and the second pathway is associated with apo-CA metalated without a change in binding affinity. The weak interactions that result in this change of binding affinity are not detectable as a protein complex in the ESI-mass spectral data or in the circular dichroism spectra. These unusual metalation properties of apo-CA in the presence of apo-MT3 are evidence of the effects of protein-protein interactions. With adjustment to take into account the interaction of both proteins, we report the complete Cd(II) and Zn(II) binding constants of MT3 under physiological conditions, as well as the pH dependence of these binding pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia T Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Martin J Stillman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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13
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Supuran CT. A simple yet multifaceted 90 years old, evergreen enzyme: Carbonic anhydrase, its inhibition and activation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 93:129411. [PMID: 37507055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) research over the last three decades are presented, with an emphasis on the deciphering of the activation mechanism, the development of isoform-selective inhibitors/ activators by the tail approach and their applications in the management of obesity, hypoxic tumors, neurological conditions, and as antiinfectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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14
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Capasso C. Carbonic Anhydrases: A Superfamily of Ubiquitous Enzymes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087014. [PMID: 37108175 PMCID: PMC10138334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous physiological and pathological cellular processes depend on the ability [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council (CNR), via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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15
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Carey A, Fossati S. Hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia as modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and dementia: New evidence, potential therapeutic strategies, and biomarkers. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:671-695. [PMID: 36401868 PMCID: PMC9931659 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent evidence on how mid-life hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and blood pressure variability, as well as late-life hypotension, exacerbate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia risk. Intriguingly, HHcy also increases the risk for hypertension, revealing the importance of understanding the relationship between comorbid cardiovascular risk factors. Hypertension-induced dementia presents more evidently in women, highlighting the relevance of sex differences in the impact of cardiovascular risk. We summarize each major antihypertensive drug class's effects on cognitive impairment and AD pathology, revealing how carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, diuretics modulating cerebral blood flow, have recently gained preclinical evidence as promising treatment against AD. We also report novel vascular biomarkers for AD and dementia risk, highlighting those associated with hypertension and HHcy. Importantly, we propose that future studies should consider hypertension and HHcy as potential contributors to cognitive impairment, and that uncovering the underlying molecular mechanisms and biomarkers would aid in the identification of preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Carey
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia
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16
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Strawbridge R, Yalin N, Orfanos S, Young AH. Acetazolamide for Bipolar Disorders: A Scoping Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13010140. [PMID: 36672121 PMCID: PMC9856781 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, is used to treat a variety of ailments. It has been highlighted for its potential to benefit people with bipolar disorders, for whom there are clear current unmet treatment needs. This scoping review sought to synthesise all available evidence related to the potential effects of acetazolamide on symptoms related to bipolar disorder, acceptability and tolerability, and intervention characteristics (e.g., dose and duration). Following publication of the review protocol, the Pubmed, Embase, and PsycInfo databases were searched (all dated to 31 August 2022). A systematic approach was undertaken to identify eligible articles and extract relevant data from these. Five studies were included, assessing a total of 50 patients treated with acetazolamide. Most patients were from two open-label trials, while the others were case reports. Approximately one third of patients were experiencing psychosis or mania before treatment initiation, and one third had refractory depression. Forty-four percent of patients were estimated to achieve a response (not seemingly affected by the baseline episode type, acetazolamide dose, or duration), while a further 22% appeared to experience minimal benefits from the intervention. Acetazolamide was generally reported to be tolerated well and acceptable for up to 2 years, although reporting for acceptability and tolerability was suboptimal. The reviewed evidence is extremely limited in size and methodology (e.g., no randomised studies, blinding, or standardised outcome assessment). We posit that the current findings are sufficiently encouraging to recommend substantive clinical trials, but we emphasise that at present, the evidence is exceedingly preliminary, and there remains evident uncertainty as to whether acetazolamide could be a viable treatment for bipolar disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Strawbridge
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Nefize Yalin
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Stelios Orfanos
- South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, UK
| | - Allan H. Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, UK
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17
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Boron-containing compounds on neurons: Actions and potential applications for treating neurodegenerative diseases. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 238:112027. [PMID: 36345068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Boron-containing compounds (BCC) exert effects on neurons. After the expanding of both the identification and synthesis of new BCC, novel effects in living systems have been reported, many of these involving neuronal action. In this review, the actions of BCC on neurons are described; the effects have been inferred by boron deprivation or addition. Also, the effects can be related to those mediated by interaction on ionic channels, G-protein coupled receptors, or other receptors exerting modification on neuronal behavior. Additionally, BCC have exhibited effects by the modulation of inflammation or oxidative processes. BCC are expanding as drugs. Deprivation of boron sources from the diet shows the role of some natural BCC. However, the observations of several new synthesized compounds suggest their ability to act with attractive potency, efficacy, and long-term action on neuronal receptors or processes related with the origin and evolution of neurodegenerative processes. The details of BCC-target interactions are currently being elucidated in progress, as those observed from BCC-protein crystal complexes. Taking all of the above into account, the expansion is presumably near to having studies on the application of BCC as drugs on specific targets for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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18
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Resveratrol Analogues as Dual Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase B and Carbonic Anhydrase VII: A New Multi-Target Combination for Neurodegenerative Diseases? Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227816. [PMID: 36431918 PMCID: PMC9694798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are described as multifactorial and progressive syndromes with compromised cognitive and behavioral functions. The multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) strategy is a promising paradigm in drug discovery, potentially leading to new opportunities to manage such complex diseases. Here, we studied the dual ability of a set of resveratrol (RSV) analogs to inhibit two important targets involved in neurodegeneration. The stilbenols 1−9 were tested as inhibitors of the human monoamine oxidases (MAOs) and carbonic anhydrases (CAs). The studied compounds displayed moderate to excellent in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity against both enzymes at micromolar/nanomolar concentrations. Among them, the best compound 4 displayed potent and selective inhibition against the MAO-B isoform (IC50 MAO-A 0.43 µM vs. IC50 MAO-B 0.01 µM) with respect to the parent compound resveratrol (IC50 MAO-A 13.5 µM vs. IC50 MAO-B > 100 µM). It also demonstrated a selective inhibition activity against hCA VII (KI 0.7 µM vs. KI 4.3 µM for RSV). To evaluate the plausible binding mode of 1−9 within the two enzymes, molecular docking and dynamics studies were performed, revealing specific and significant interactions in the active sites of both targets. The new compounds are of pharmacological interest in view of their considerably reduced toxicity previously observed, their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic profiles, and their dual inhibitory ability. Compound 4 is noteworthy as a promising lead in the development of MAO and CA inhibitors with therapeutic potential in neuroprotection.
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19
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Li X, Craven TW, Levine PM. Cyclic Peptide Screening Methods for Preclinical Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11913-11926. [PMID: 36074956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic peptides are among the most diverse architectures for current drug discovery efforts. Their size, stability, and ease of synthesis provide attractive scaffolds to engage and modulate some of the most challenging targets, including protein-protein interactions and those considered to be "undruggable". With a variety of sophisticated screening technologies to produce libraries of cyclic peptides, including phage display, mRNA display, split intein circular ligation of peptides, and in silico screening, a new era of cyclic peptide drug discovery is at the forefront of modern medicine. In this perspective, we begin by discussing cyclic peptides approved for clinical use in the past two decades. Particular focus is placed around synthetic chemistries to generate de novo libraries of cyclic peptides and novel methods to screen them. The perspective culminates with future prospects for generating cyclic peptides as viable therapeutic options and discusses the advantages and disadvantages currently being faced with bringing them to market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinting Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Timothy W Craven
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Paul M Levine
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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20
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Lossouarn A, Puteaux C, Bailly L, Tognetti V, Joubert L, Renard P, Sabot C. Metalloenzyme‐Mediated Thiol‐Yne Addition Towards Photoisomerizable Fluorescent Dyes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202180. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Lossouarn
- Normandie Univ, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014) Rouen 76000 France
| | - Chloé Puteaux
- Normandie Univ, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014) Rouen 76000 France
| | - Laetitia Bailly
- Normandie Univ, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014) Rouen 76000 France
| | - Vincent Tognetti
- Normandie Univ, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014) Rouen 76000 France
| | - Laurent Joubert
- Normandie Univ, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014) Rouen 76000 France
| | - Pierre‐Yves Renard
- Normandie Univ, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014) Rouen 76000 France
| | - Cyrille Sabot
- Normandie Univ, CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014) Rouen 76000 France
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21
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Schmidt SD, Nachtigall EG, Marcondes LA, Zanluchi A, Furini CR, Passani MB, Supuran CT, Blandina P, Izquierdo I, Provensi G, de Carvalho Myskiw J. Modulation of carbonic anhydrases activity in the hippocampus or prefrontal cortex differentially affects social recognition memory in rats. Neuroscience 2022; 497:184-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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22
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Kim Y, Kim J, Son M, Lee J, Yeo I, Choi KY, Kim H, Kim BC, Lee KH, Kim Y. Plasma protein biomarker model for screening Alzheimer disease using multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1282. [PMID: 35075217 PMCID: PMC8786819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia that has gained prominence in our aging society. Yet, the complexity of diagnosing AD and measuring its invasiveness poses an obstacle. To this end, blood-based biomarkers could mitigate the inconveniences that impede an accurate diagnosis. We developed models to diagnose AD and measure the severity of neurocognitive impairment using blood protein biomarkers. Multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry, a highly selective and sensitive approach for quantifying targeted proteins in samples, was used to analyze blood samples from 4 AD groups: cognitive normal control, asymptomatic AD, prodromal AD), and AD dementia. Multimarker models were developed using 10 protein biomarkers and apolipoprotein E genotypes for amyloid beta and 10 biomarkers with Korean Mini-Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE) score for predicting Alzheimer disease progression. The accuracies for the AD classification model and AD progression monitoring model were 84.9% (95% CI 82.8 to 87.0) and 79.1% (95% CI 77.8 to 80.5), respectively. The models were more accurate in diagnosing AD, compared with single APOE genotypes and the K-MMSE score. Our study demonstrates the possibility of predicting AD with high accuracy by blood biomarker analysis as an alternative method of screening for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongshin Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaenyeon Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Son
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Ku, Seoul, 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Injoon Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Ku, Seoul, 110-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Yeong Choi
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center and Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoowon Kim
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center and Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong C Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Ho Lee
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center and Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
- Aging Neuroscience Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University College of Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Ku, Seoul, 110-799, Republic of Korea.
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Çakır V, Arslan T. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new silicon(IV) phthalocyanines as carbonic anhydrase and cholinesterase inhibitors. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Petreni A, Osman SM, Alasmary FA, Almutairi TM, Nocentini A, Supuran CT. Binding site comparison for coumarin inhibitors and amine/amino acid activators of human carbonic anhydrases. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 226:113875. [PMID: 34634741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The first structural analysis comparing the binding mode to the target carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) of two opposite classes of modulators is presented here: coumarin derivatives act as prodrug CA inhibitors (CAIs), being hydrolyzed by the enzyme esterase activity to 2-hydroxycinnamic acids that occlude the active site entrance; CA activators (CAAs) belonging of the amine and amino acid types, enhance the CA activity by increasing the efficiency of the rate-determining proton shuttling step in the CA catalytic cycle. Analysis of the crystallographic data available for the human CA isoform II in adduct with two coumarin CAIs and some CAAs showed that both types of CA modulators bind in the same region of the enzyme active site, basically interacting with superimposable amino acid residues, that are Trp5, Asn62, His64, Asn67, Gln92, Thr200. A plethora of water molecules also participate in the adducts formation. This structural analysis showed that presence of certain chemical groups in the compound structure is mandatory to produce an activating rather than inhibitory action, such as multiple nitrogen- and oxygen-based moieties capable of shuttling protons or forming extended H-bond networks nearby the proton shuttle residue. This constitutes the only known example among all enzymes of an identical binding site for inhibitors and activators, which, in addition, possess significant pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Petreni
- Department NEUROFARBA - Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section, University of Firenze, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Sameh M Osman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah A Alasmary
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani M Almutairi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department NEUROFARBA - Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section, University of Firenze, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department NEUROFARBA - Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical section, University of Firenze, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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Fuentes-Aguilar A, Merino-Montiel P, Montiel-Smith S, Meza-Reyes S, Vega-Báez JL, Puerta A, Fernandes MX, Padrón JM, Petreni A, Nocentini A, Supuran CT, López Ó, Fernández-Bolaños JG. 2-Aminobenzoxazole-appended coumarins as potent and selective inhibitors of tumour-associated carbonic anhydrases. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 37:168-177. [PMID: 34894971 PMCID: PMC8667885 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1998026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We have carried out the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a small library of 2-aminobenzoxazole-appended coumarins as novel inhibitors of tumour-related CAs IX and XII. Substituents on C-3 and/or C-4 positions of the coumarin scaffold, and on the benzoxazole moiety, together with the length of the linker connecting both units were modified to obtain useful structure-activity relationships. CA inhibition studies revealed a good selectivity towards tumour-associated CAs IX and XII (Ki within the mid-nanomolar range in most of the cases) in comparison with CAs I, II, IV, and VII (Ki > 10 µM); CA IX was found to be slightly more sensitive towards structural changes. Docking calculations suggested that the coumarin scaffold might act as a prodrug, binding to the CAs in its hydrolysed form, which is in turn obtained due to the esterase activity of CAs. An increase of the tether length and of the substituents steric hindrance was found to be detrimental to in vitro antiproliferative activities. Incorporation of a chlorine atom on C-3 of the coumarin moiety achieved the strongest antiproliferative agent, with activities within the low micromolar range for the panel of tumour cell lines tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Fuentes-Aguilar
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Penélope Merino-Montiel
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Sara Montiel-Smith
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Socorro Meza-Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - José Luis Vega-Báez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Miguel X Fernandes
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - José M Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Andrea Petreni
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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De Luca V, Petreni A, Carginale V, Scaloni A, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Effect of amino acids and amines on the activity of the recombinant ι-carbonic anhydrase from the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia territorii. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1000-1006. [PMID: 33980103 PMCID: PMC8128165 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1919891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We here report a study on the activation of the ι-class bacterial CA from Burkholderia territorii (BteCAι). This protein was recently characterised as a zinc-dependent enzyme that shows a significant catalytic activity (kcat 3.0 × 105 s-1) for the physiological reaction of CO2 hydration to bicarbonate and protons. Some amino acids and amines, among which some proteinogenic derivatives as well as histamine, dopamine and serotonin, showed efficient activating properties towards BteCAι, with activation constants in the range 3.9-13.3 µM. L-Phe, L-Asn, L-Glu, and some pyridyl-alkylamines, showed a weaker activating effect towards BteCAι, with KA values ranging between 18.4 µM and 45.6 µM. Nowadays, no information is available on active site architecture, metal ion coordination and catalytic mechanism of members of the ι-group of CAs, and this study represents another contribution towards a better understanding of this still uncharacterised class of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana De Luca
- Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Florence, Italy
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Petreni
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carginale
- Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Napoli, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Florence, Italy
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Lemon N, Canepa E, Ilies MA, Fossati S. Carbonic Anhydrases as Potential Targets Against Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease and Stroke. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:772278. [PMID: 34867298 PMCID: PMC8635164 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.772278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Neurovascular Unit (NVU) is an important multicellular structure of the central nervous system (CNS), which participates in the regulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF), delivery of oxygen and nutrients, immunological surveillance, clearance, barrier functions, and CNS homeostasis. Stroke and Alzheimer Disease (AD) are two pathologies with extensive NVU dysfunction. The cell types of the NVU change in both structure and function following an ischemic insult and during the development of AD pathology. Stroke and AD share common risk factors such as cardiovascular disease, and also share similarities at a molecular level. In both diseases, disruption of metabolic support, mitochondrial dysfunction, increase in oxidative stress, release of inflammatory signaling molecules, and blood brain barrier disruption result in NVU dysfunction, leading to cell death and neurodegeneration. Improved therapeutic strategies for both AD and stroke are needed. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are well-known targets for other diseases and are being recently investigated for their function in the development of cerebrovascular pathology. CAs catalyze the hydration of CO2 to produce bicarbonate and a proton. This reaction is important for pH homeostasis, overturn of cerebrospinal fluid, regulation of CBF, and other physiological functions. Humans express 15 CA isoforms with different distribution patterns. Recent studies provide evidence that CA inhibition is protective to NVU cells in vitro and in vivo, in models of stroke and AD pathology. CA inhibitors are FDA-approved for treatment of glaucoma, high-altitude sickness, and other indications. Most FDA-approved CA inhibitors are pan-CA inhibitors; however, specific CA isoforms are likely to modulate the NVU function. This review will summarize the literature regarding the use of pan-CA and specific CA inhibitors along with genetic manipulation of specific CA isoforms in stroke and AD models, to bring light into the functions of CAs in the NVU. Although pan-CA inhibitors are protective and safe, we hypothesize that targeting specific CA isoforms will increase the efficacy of CA inhibition and reduce side effects. More studies to further determine specific CA isoforms functions and changes in disease states are essential to the development of novel therapies for cerebrovascular pathology, occurring in both stroke and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lemon
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple (ACT), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Elisa Canepa
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple (ACT), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Marc A. Ilies
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple (ACT), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple (ACT), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Silvia Fossati,
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Synthesis, molecular modeling and cholinesterase inhibitory effects of 2-indolinone-based hydrazinecarbothioamides. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:2133-2151. [PMID: 34755546 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: 2-Indolinone-based hydrazinecarbothioamides carrying a 3-phenylsulfonamide moiety (7-9) were designed by replacement of donepezil's pharmacophore group indanone with a 2-indolinone ring. Method: Compounds 7-9 were synthesized by reaction of N-(3-sulfamoylphenyl)hydrazinecarbothioamide (6) with 1H-indolin-2,3-diones (1-3). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory effects of compounds 7-9 were assayed. Molecular modeling studies of 5-chloro-1,7-dimethyl-substituted compound 8e were carried out to determine the possible binding interactions at the active site of AChE. Results: Compound 8e showed the strongest inhibition against AChE (Ki = 0.52 ± 0.11 μM) as well as the highest selectivity (SI = 37.69). The selectivity for AChE over BuChE of compound 8e was approximately 17-times higher than donepezil and 26-times higher than galantamine. Conclusion: Further development of compounds 7-9 may present new promising agents for Alzheimer's treatment.
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Parodi-Rullán RM, Javadov S, Fossati S. Dissecting the Crosstalk between Endothelial Mitochondrial Damage, Vascular Inflammation, and Neurodegeneration in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112903. [PMID: 34831125 PMCID: PMC8616424 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia and is pathologically characterized by the presence of parenchymal senile plaques composed of amyloid β (Aβ) and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The accumulation of Aβ also occurs within the cerebral vasculature in over 80% of AD patients and in non-demented individuals, a condition called cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). The development of CAA is associated with neurovascular dysfunction, blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage, and persistent vascular- and neuro-inflammation, eventually leading to neurodegeneration. Although pathologically AD and CAA are well characterized diseases, the chronology of molecular changes that lead to their development is still unclear. Substantial evidence demonstrates defects in mitochondrial function in various cells of the neurovascular unit as well as in the brain parenchyma during the early stages of AD and CAA. Dysfunctional mitochondria release danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that activate a wide range of inflammatory pathways. In this review, we gather evidence to postulate a crucial role of the mitochondria, specifically of cerebral endothelial cells, as sensors and initiators of Aβ-induced vascular inflammation. The activated vasculature recruits circulating immune cells into the brain parenchyma, leading to the development of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in AD and CAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. Parodi-Rullán
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR 00921, USA;
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-215-707-6046
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Shaldam M, Nocentini A, Elsayed ZM, Ibrahim TM, Salem R, El-Domany RA, Capasso C, Supuran CT, Eldehna WM. Development of Novel Quinoline-Based Sulfonamides as Selective Cancer-Associated Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform IX Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11119. [PMID: 34681794 PMCID: PMC8541628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of quinoline-based benzenesulfonamides (QBS) were developed as potential carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs). The target QBS CAIs is based on the 4-anilinoquinoline scaffold where the primary sulphonamide functionality was grafted at C4 of the anilino moiety as a zinc anchoring group (QBS 13a-c); thereafter, the sulphonamide group was switched to ortho- and meta-positions to afford regioisomers 9a-d and 11a-g. Moreover, a linker elongation approach was adopted where the amino linker was replaced by a hydrazide one to afford QBS 16. All the described QBS have been synthesized and investigated for their CA inhibitory action against hCA I, II, IX and XII. In general, para-sulphonamide derivatives 13a-c displayed the best inhibitory activity against both cancer-related isoforms hCA IX (KIs = 25.8, 5.5 and 18.6 nM, respectively) and hCA XII (KIs = 9.8, 13.2 and 8.7 nM, respectively), beside the excellent hCA IX inhibitory activity exerted by meta-sulphonamide derivative 11c (KI = 8.4 nM). The most promising QBS were further evaluated for their anticancer and pro-apoptotic activities on two cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7). In addition, molecular docking simulation studies were applied to justify the acquired CA inhibitory action of the target QBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz Shaldam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; (M.S.); (T.M.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Zainab M. Elsayed
- Scientific Research and Innovation Support Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Tamer M. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; (M.S.); (T.M.I.); (R.S.)
- Scientific Research and Innovation Support Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Rofaida Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; (M.S.); (T.M.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Ramadan A. El-Domany
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Italian National Research Council (CNR)CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; (M.S.); (T.M.I.); (R.S.)
- Scientific Research and Innovation Support Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
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Barresi E, Ravichandran R, Germelli L, Angeli A, Baglini E, Salerno S, Marini AM, Costa B, Da Pozzo E, Martini C, Da Settimo F, Supuran C, Cosconati S, Taliani S. Carbonic anhydrase activation profile of indole-based derivatives. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1783-1797. [PMID: 34340630 PMCID: PMC8344252 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1959573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic Anhydrase Activators (CAAs) could represent a novel approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, ageing, and other conditions that require remedial achievement of spatial learning and memory therapy. Within a research project aimed at developing novel CAAs selective for certain isoforms, three series of indole-based derivatives were investigated. Enzyme activation assay on human CA I, II, VA, and VII isoforms revealed several effective micromolar activators, with promising selectivity profiles towards the brain-associated cytosolic isoform hCA VII. Molecular modelling studies suggested a theoretical model of the complex between hCA VII and the new activators and provide a possible explanation for their modulating as well as selectivity properties. Preliminary biological evaluations demonstrated that one of the most potent CAA 7 is not cytotoxic and is able to increase the release of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) from human microglial cells, highlighting its possible application in the treatment of CNS-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrea Angeli
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Emma Baglini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Barbara Costa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Claudiu Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Sandro Cosconati
- DiSTABiF, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
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33
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Emerging role of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1233-1249. [PMID: 34013961 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) was clinically exploited for decades, as most modern diuretics were obtained considering as lead molecule acetazolamide, the prototypical CA inhibitor (CAI). The discovery and characterization of multiple human CA (hCA) isoforms, 15 of which being known today, led to new applications of their inhibitors. They include widely clinically used antiglaucoma, antiepileptic and antiobesity agents, antitumor drugs in clinical development, as well as drugs for the management of acute mountain sickness and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Emerging roles of several CA isoforms in areas not generally connected to these enzymes were recently documented, such as in neuropathic pain, cerebral ischemia, rheumatoid arthritis, oxidative stress and Alzheimer's disease. Proof-of-concept studies thus emerged by using isoform-selective inhibitors, which may lead to new clinical applications in such areas. Relevant preclinical models are available for these pathologies due to the availability of isoform-selective CAIs for all human isoforms, belonging to novel classes of compounds, such as coumarins, sulfocoumarins, dithiocarbamates, benzoxaboroles, apart the classical sulfonamide inhibitors. The inhibition of CAs from pathogenic bacteria, fungi, protozoans or nematodes started recently to be considered for obtaining anti-infectives with a new mechanism of action.
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34
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Nocentini A, Cuffaro D, Ciccone L, Orlandini E, Nencetti S, Nuti E, Rossello A, Supuran CT. Activation of carbonic anhydrases from human brain by amino alcohol oxime ethers: towards human carbonic anhydrase VII selective activators. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:48-57. [PMID: 33103482 PMCID: PMC7594847 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1838501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and carbonic anhydrase (CA; EC 4.2.1.1) activating effects of a series of oxime ether-based amino alcohols towards four human (h) CA isoforms expressed in human brain, hCA I, II, IV and VII, are described. Most investigated amino alcohol derivatives induced a consistent activation of the tested CAs, with KAs spanning from a low micromolar to a medium nanomolar range. Specifically, hCA II and VII, putative main CA targets when central nervous system (CNS) diseases are concerned, were most efficiently activated by these oxime ether derivatives. Furthermore, a multitude of selective hCA VII activators were identified. As hCA VII is one of the key isoforms involved in brain metabolism and other brain functions, the identified potent and selective hCA VII activators may be considered of interest for investigations of various therapeutic applications or as lead compounds in search of even more potent and selective CA activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health (Neurofarba), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Elisa Nuti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health (Neurofarba), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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35
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Mirzazadeh R, Asgari MS, Barzegari E, Pedrood K, Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani M, Sherafati M, Larijani B, Rastegar H, Rahmani H, Mahdavi M, Taslimi P, Üç EM, Gulçin İ. New quinoxalin-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives: Synthesis, characterization, in vitro biological evaluations, and molecular modeling studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2000471. [PMID: 33999440 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new series of quinoxalin-1,3,4-oxadiazole (10a-l) derivatives was synthesized and evaluated against some metabolic enzymes including human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) isoenzymes I and II (carbonic anhydrases I and II), cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase), and α-glucosidase. Obtained data revealed that all the synthesized compounds were more potent as compared with the used standard inhibitors against studied target enzymes. Among the synthesized compounds, 4-fluoro derivative (10f) against hCA I, 4-chloro derivative (10i) against hCA II, 3-fluoro derivative (10e) against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, and 3-bromo derivative (10k) against α-glucosidase were the most potent compounds with inhibitory activity around 1.8- to 7.37-fold better than standard inhibitors. Furthermore, docking studies of these compounds were performed at the active site of their target enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad S Asgari
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Barzegari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Keyvan Pedrood
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maedeh Sherafati
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Rastegar
- Cosmetic Products Research Center, Iranian Food and Drug Administration, MOHE, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Rahmani
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Eda M Üç
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gulçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Bulli I, Dettori I, Coppi E, Cherchi F, Venturini M, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Nocentini A, Supuran CT, Pugliese AM, Pedata F. Role of Carbonic Anhydrase in Cerebral Ischemia and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors as Putative Protective Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5029. [PMID: 34068564 PMCID: PMC8126098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The only pharmacological treatment available to date for cerebral ischemia is tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and the search for successful therapeutic strategies still remains a major challenge. The loss of cerebral blood flow leads to reduced oxygen and glucose supply and a subsequent switch to the glycolytic pathway, which leads to tissue acidification. Carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) is the enzyme responsible for converting carbon dioxide into a protons and bicarbonate, thus contributing to pH regulation and metabolism, with many CA isoforms present in the brain. Recently, numerous studies have shed light on several classes of carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI) as possible new pharmacological agents for the management of brain ischemia. In the present review we summarized pharmacological, preclinical and clinical findings regarding the role of CAIs in strokes and we discuss their potential protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bulli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Ilaria Dettori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Coppi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Federica Cherchi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Martina Venturini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy;
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy;
| | - Anna Maria Pugliese
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Felicita Pedata
- Department of Neuroscience, Psycology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (I.B.); (I.D.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (M.V.); (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.); (A.M.P.)
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Guglielmi P, Rotondi G, Secci D, Angeli A, Chimenti P, Nocentini A, Bonardi A, Gratteri P, Carradori S, Supuran CT. Novel insights on saccharin- and acesulfame-based carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: design, synthesis, modelling investigations and biological activity evaluation. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1891-1905. [PMID: 33003975 PMCID: PMC7580763 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1828401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A large library of saccharin and acesulfame derivatives has been synthesised and evaluated against four isoforms of human carbonic anhydrase, the two off-targets hCA I/II and the tumour related isoforms hCA IX/XII. Different strategies of scaffold modification have been attempted on both saccharin as well as acesulfame core leading to the obtainment of 60 compounds. Some of them exhibited inhibitory activity in the nanomolar range, albeit some of the performed changes led to either micromolar activity or to its absence, against hCA IX/XII. Molecular modelling studies focused the attention on the binding mode of these compounds to the enzyme. The proposed inhibition mechanism is the anchoring to zinc-bound water molecule. Docking studies along with molecular dynamics also underlined the importance of the compounds flexibility (e.g. achieved through the insertion of methylene group) which favoured potent and selective hCA inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Guglielmi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Rotondi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Secci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi, Romania
| | - Paola Chimenti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Abstract
Coumarins constitute a relatively new class of inhibitors of the zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1), possessing a unique inhibition mechanism, acting as "prodrug inhibitors." They undergo the hydrolysis of the lactone ring mediated by the esterase activity of CA. The formed 2-hydroxy-cinnamic acids thereafter bind within a very particular part of the enzyme active site, at its entrance, where a high variability of amino acid residues among the different mammalian CA isoforms is present, and where other inhibitors classes were not seen bound earlier. This explains why coumarins are among the most isoform-selective CA inhibitors known to date among the many chemotypes endowed with such biological activity. As coumarins are widespread secondary metabolites in some bacteria, plants, fungi, and ascidians, many such compounds from various natural sources have been investigated for their CA inhibitory properties and for possible biomedical applications, mainly as anticancer agents targeting hypoxic tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Neurofarba Department, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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39
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Endothelial response to glucose: dysfunction, metabolism, and transport. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:313-325. [PMID: 33522573 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The endothelial cell response to glucose plays an important role in both health and disease. Endothelial glucose-induced dysfunction was first studied in diabetic animal models and in cells cultured in hyperglycemia. Four classical dysfunction pathways were identified, which were later shown to result from the common mechanism of mitochondrial superoxide overproduction. More recently, non-coding RNA, extracellular vesicles, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors were shown to affect glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial cells also metabolize glucose for their own energetic needs. Research over the past decade highlighted how manipulation of endothelial glycolysis can be used to control angiogenesis and microvascular permeability in diseases such as cancer. Finally, endothelial cells transport glucose to the cells of the blood vessel wall and to the parenchymal tissue. Increasing evidence from the blood-brain barrier and peripheral vasculature suggests that endothelial cells regulate glucose transport through glucose transporters that move glucose from the apical to the basolateral side of the cell. Future studies of endothelial glucose response should begin to integrate dysfunction, metabolism and transport into experimental and computational approaches that also consider endothelial heterogeneity, metabolic diversity, and parenchymal tissue interactions.
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Canepa E, Fossati S. Impact of Tau on Neurovascular Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurol 2021; 11:573324. [PMID: 33488493 PMCID: PMC7817626 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.573324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder and the most prevalent cause of dementia. The main cerebral histological hallmarks are represented by parenchymal insoluble deposits of amyloid beta (Aβ plaques) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), intracellular filamentous inclusions of tau, a microtubule-associated protein. It is well-established that cerebrovascular dysfunction is an early feature of AD pathology, but the detrimental mechanisms leading to blood vessel impairment and the associated neurovascular deregulation are not fully understood. In 90% of AD cases, Aβ deposition around the brain vasculature, known as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), alters blood brain barrier (BBB) essential functions. While the effects of vascular Aβ accumulation are better documented, the scientific community has only recently started to consider the impact of tau on neurovascular pathology in AD. Emerging compelling evidence points to transmission of neuronal tau to different brain cells, including astrocytes, as well as to the release of tau into brain interstitial fluids, which may lead to perivascular neurofibrillar tau accumulation and toxicity, affecting vessel architecture, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and vascular permeability. BBB integrity and functionality may therefore be impacted by pathological tau, consequentially accelerating the progression of the disease. Tau aggregates have also been shown to induce mitochondrial damage: it is known that tau impairs mitochondrial localization, distribution and dynamics, alters ATP and reactive oxygen species production, and compromises oxidative phosphorylation systems. In light of this previous knowledge, we postulate that tau can initiate neurovascular pathology in AD through mitochondrial dysregulation. In this review, we will explore the literature investigating tau pathology contribution to the malfunction of the brain vasculature and neurovascular unit, and its association with mitochondrial alterations and caspase activation, in cellular, animal, and human studies of AD and tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Canepa
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple (ACT), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple (ACT), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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41
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Winkler D, Katz I, Warden A, Thornton A, Farjot G. Identifying medically relevant xenon protein targets by in silico screening of the structural proteome. Med Gas Res 2021; 13:33-38. [PMID: 35946221 PMCID: PMC9480358 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.333858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, in silico screening of the binding of almost all proteins in the Protein Data Bank to each of the five noble gases xenon, krypton, argon, neon, and helium was reported. This massive and rich data set requires analysis to identify the gas-protein interactions that have the best binding strengths, those where the binding of the noble gas occurs at a site that can modulate the function of the protein, and where this modulation might generate clinically relevant effects. Here, we report a preliminary analysis of this data set using a rational, heuristic score based on binding strength and location. We report a partial prioritized list of xenon protein targets and describe how these data can be analyzed, using arginase and carbonic anhydrase as examples. Our aim is to make the scientific community aware of this massive, rich data set and how it can be analyzed to accelerate future discoveries of xenon-induced biological activity and, ultimately, the development of new “atomic” drugs.
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42
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Chiaramonte N, Maach S, Biliotti C, Angeli A, Bartolucci G, Braconi L, Dei S, Teodori E, Supuran CT, Romanelli MN. Synthesis and carbonic anhydrase activating properties of a series of 2-amino-imidazolines structurally related to clonidine 1. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1003-1010. [PMID: 32336172 PMCID: PMC7241460 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1749602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The Carbonic Anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) activating properties of histamine have been known for a long time. This compound has been extensively modified but only in few instances the imidazole ring has been replaced with other heterocycles. It was envisaged that the imidazoline ring could be a bioisoster of the imidazole moiety. Indeed, we report that clonidine, a 2-aminoimidazoline derivative, was found able to activate several human CA isoforms (hCA I, IV, VA, VII, IX, XII and XIII), with potency in the micromolar range, while it was inactive on hCA II. A series of 2-aminoimidazoline, structurally related to clonidine, was then synthesised and tested on selected hCA isoforms. The compounds were inactive on hCA II while displayed activating properties on hCA I, VA, VII and XIII, with KA values in the micromolar range. Two compounds (10 and 11) showed some preference for the hCA VA or VII isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Chiaramonte
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Soumia Maach
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Caterina Biliotti
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Laura Braconi
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Silvia Dei
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Teodori
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maria Novella Romanelli
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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43
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Quade BN, Parker MD, Occhipinti R. The therapeutic importance of acid-base balance. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 183:114278. [PMID: 33039418 PMCID: PMC7544731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Baking soda and vinegar have been used as home remedies for generations and today we are only a mouse-click away from claims that baking soda, lemon juice, and apple cider vinegar are miracles cures for everything from cancer to COVID-19. Despite these specious claims, the therapeutic value of controlling acid-base balance is indisputable and is the basis of Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for constipation, epilepsy, metabolic acidosis, and peptic ulcers. In this narrative review, we present evidence in support of the current and potential therapeutic value of countering local and systemic acid-base imbalances, several of which do in fact involve the administration of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate). Furthermore, we discuss the side effects of pharmaceuticals on acid-base balance as well as the influence of acid-base status on the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. Our review considers all major organ systems as well as information relevant to several clinical specialties such as anesthesiology, infectious disease, oncology, dentistry, and surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca N Quade
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The State University of New York, The University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Mark D Parker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The State University of New York, The University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; State University of New York Eye Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rossana Occhipinti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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44
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Aldini G, de Courten B, Regazzoni L, Gilardoni E, Ferrario G, Baron G, Altomare A, D’Amato A, Vistoli G, Carini M. Understanding the antioxidant and carbonyl sequestering activity of carnosine: direct and indirect mechanisms. Free Radic Res 2020; 55:321-330. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1856830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Luca Regazzoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ettore Gilardoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Ferrario
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Baron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alfonsina D’Amato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Carini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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45
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Kaproń B, Czarnomysy R, Wysokiński M, Andrys R, Musilek K, Angeli A, Supuran CT, Plech T. 1,2,4-Triazole-based anticonvulsant agents with additional ROS scavenging activity are effective in a model of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:993-1002. [PMID: 32253957 PMCID: PMC7178883 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1748026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There are numerous studies supporting the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Prolonged oxidative stress is associated with the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette transporters, which results in antiepileptic drugs resistance. During our studies, three 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione derivatives were evaluated for the antioxidant activity and anticonvulsant effect in the 6 Hz model of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. The investigated compounds exhibited 2-3 times more potent anticonvulsant activity than valproic acid in 6 Hz test in mice, which is well-established preclinical model of pharmacoresistant epilepsy. The antioxidant/ROS scavenging activity was confirmed in both single-electron transfer-based methods (DPPH and CUPRAC) and during flow cytometric analysis of total ROS activity in U-87 MG cells. Based on the enzymatic studies on human carbonic anhydrases (CAs), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), one can assume that the herein investigated drug candidates will not impair the cognitive processes mediated by CAs and will have minimal off-target cholinergic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kaproń
- Department of Clinical Genetics, I Faculty of Medicine with Dentistry Division, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert Czarnomysy
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mariusz Wysokiński
- Department of Basic Nursing and Medical Teaching, Chair of Development in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Rudolf Andrys
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Tomasz Plech
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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46
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Oguz M, Kalay E, Akocak S, Nocentini A, Lolak N, Boga M, Yilmaz M, Supuran CT. Synthesis of calix[4]azacrown substituted sulphonamides with antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase and carbonic anhydrase inhibitory action. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1215-1223. [PMID: 32401067 PMCID: PMC7269057 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1765166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel calix[4]azacrown substituted sulphonamide Schiff bases was synthesised by the reaction of calix[4]azacrown aldehydes with different substituted primary and secondary sulphonamides. The obtained novel compounds were investigated as inhibitors of six human (h) isoforms of carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). Their antioxidant profile was assayed by various bioanalytical methods. The calix[4]azacrown substituted sulphonamide Schiff bases were also investigated as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase enzymes, associated with several diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson, and pigmentation disorders. The new sulphonamides showed low to moderate inhibition against hCAs, AChE, BChE, and tyrosinase enzymes. However, some of them possessed relevant antioxidant activity, comparable with standard antioxidants used in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Oguz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Advanced Material and Nanotechnology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Erbay Kalay
- Kars Vocational School, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Boga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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47
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Thiazolyl-pyrazoline derivatives: In vitro and in silico evaluation as potential acetylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1970-1988. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Rehman NU, Esmaeilpour K, Joushi S, Abbas M, Al-Rashida M, Rauf K, Masoumi-Ardakani Y. Effect of 4-Fluoro-N-(4-sulfamoylbenzyl) Benzene Sulfonamide on cognitive deficits and hippocampal plasticity during nicotine withdrawal in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110783. [PMID: 33152941 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Withdrawal from chronic nicotine has damaging effects on a variety of learning and memory tasks. Various Sulfonamides that act as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have documented role in modulation of various cognitive, learning, and memory processing. We investigated the effects of 4-Fluoro-N-(4-sulfamoylbenzyl) Benzene Sulfonamide (4-FBS) on nicotine withdrawal impairments in rats using Morris water maze (MWM), Novel object recognition, Passive avoidance, and open field tasks. Also, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) profiling and in vivo field potential recording were assessed. Rats were exposed to saline or chronic nicotine 3.8 mg/kg subcutaneously for 14 days in four divided doses, spontaneous nicotine withdrawal was induced by quitting nicotine for 72 h (hrs). Animals received 4-FBS at 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg after 72 h of withdrawal in various behavioral and electrophysiological paradigms. Nicotine withdrawal causes a deficit in learning and long-term memory in the MWM task. No significant difference was found in novel object recognition tasks among all groups while in passive avoidance task nicotine withdrawal resulted in a deficit of hippocampus-dependent fear learning. Anxiety like behavior was observed during nicotine withdrawal. Plasma BDNF level was reduced during nicotine withdrawal as compared to the saline group reflecting mild cognitive impairment, stress, and depression. Withdrawal from chronic nicotine altered hippocampal plasticity, caused suppression of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 area of the hippocampus. Our results showed that 4-FBS at 40 and 60 mg/kg significantly prevented nicotine withdrawal-induced cognitive deficits in behavioral as well as electrophysiological studies. 4-FBS at 60 mg/kg upsurge nicotine withdrawal-induced decrease in plasma BDNF. We conclude that 4-FBS at 40 and 60 mg /kg effectively prevented chronic nicotine withdrawal-induced impairment in long term potentiation and cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Ur Rehman
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Khadijeh Esmaeilpour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Sara Joushi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Muzaffar Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mariya Al-Rashida
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Ferozepur Road, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Rauf
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan.
| | - Yaser Masoumi-Ardakani
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Merged Tacrine-Based, Multitarget-Directed Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors 2015-Present: Synthesis and Biological Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21175965. [PMID: 32825138 PMCID: PMC7504404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase is an important biochemical enzyme in that it controls acetylcholine-mediated neuronal transmission in the central nervous system, contains a unique structure with two binding sites connected by a gorge region, and it has historically been the main pharmacological target for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Given the large projected increase in Alzheimer's disease cases in the coming decades and its complex, multifactorial nature, new drugs that target multiple aspects of the disease at once are needed. Tacrine, the first acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used clinically but withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity concerns, remains an important starting point in research for the development of multitarget-directed acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. This review highlights tacrine-based, multitarget-directed acetylcholinesterase inhibitors published in the literature since 2015 with a specific focus on merged compounds (i.e., compounds where tacrine and a second pharmacophore show significant overlap in structure). The synthesis of these compounds from readily available starting materials is discussed, along with acetylcholinesterase inhibition data, relative to tacrine, and structure activity relationships. Where applicable, molecular modeling, to elucidate key enzyme-inhibitor interactions, and secondary biological activity is highlighted. Of the numerous compounds identified, there is a subset with promising preliminary screening results, which should inspire further development and future research in this field.
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Carare RO, Aldea R, Agarwal N, Bacskai BJ, Bechman I, Boche D, Bu G, Bulters D, Clemens A, Counts SE, de Leon M, Eide PK, Fossati S, Greenberg SM, Hamel E, Hawkes CA, Koronyo‐Hamaoui M, Hainsworth AH, Holtzman D, Ihara M, Jefferson A, Kalaria RN, Kipps CM, Kanninen KM, Leinonen V, McLaurin J, Miners S, Malm T, Nicoll JAR, Piazza F, Paul G, Rich SM, Saito S, Shih A, Scholtzova H, Snyder H, Snyder P, Thormodsson FR, van Veluw SJ, Weller RO, Werring DJ, Wilcock D, Wilson MR, Zlokovic BV, Verma A. Clearance of interstitial fluid (ISF) and CSF (CLIC) group-part of Vascular Professional Interest Area (PIA): Cerebrovascular disease and the failure of elimination of Amyloid-β from the brain and retina with age and Alzheimer's disease-Opportunities for Therapy. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 12:e12053. [PMID: 32775596 PMCID: PMC7396859 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Two of the key functions of arteries in the brain are (1) the well-recognized supply of blood via the vascular lumen and (2) the emerging role for the arterial walls as routes for the elimination of interstitial fluid (ISF) and soluble metabolites, such as amyloid beta (Aβ), from the brain and retina. As the brain and retina possess no conventional lymphatic vessels, fluid drainage toward peripheral lymph nodes is mediated via transport along basement membranes in the walls of capillaries and arteries that form the intramural peri-arterial drainage (IPAD) system. IPAD tends to fail as arteries age but the mechanisms underlying the failure are unclear. In some people this is reflected in the accumulation of Aβ plaques in the brain in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and deposition of Aβ within artery walls as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Knowledge of the dynamics of IPAD and why it fails with age is essential for establishing diagnostic tests for the early stages of the disease and for devising therapies that promote the clearance of Aβ in the prevention and treatment of AD and CAA. This editorial is intended to introduce the rationale that has led to the establishment of the Clearance of Interstitial Fluid (ISF) and CSF (CLIC) group, within the Vascular Professional Interest Area of the Alzheimer's Association International Society to Advance Alzheimer's Research and Treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Diederik Bulters
- University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- University Hospital Southampton NHS TrustSouthamptonUK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christopher M. Kipps
- University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- University Hospital Southampton NHS TrustSouthamptonUK
| | | | | | | | | | - Tarja Malm
- University of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | | | | | | | | | - Satoshi Saito
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Andy Shih
- Seattle Children's HospitalSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | | | | | - Peter Snyder
- University of Rhode IslandSouth KingstownRhode IslandUSA
| | | | | | | | - David J. Werring
- Stroke Research CentreUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | | | | | | | - Ajay Verma
- CODIAK BiosciencesCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
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