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Li F, Sun X, Sun K, Kong F, Jiang X, Kong Q. Lupenone improves motor dysfunction in spinal cord injury mice through inhibiting the inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in microglia via the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1802-1811. [PMID: 38103247 PMCID: PMC10960275 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.389302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202408000-00034/figure1/v/2023-12-16T180322Z/r/image-tiff Spinal cord injury-induced motor dysfunction is associated with neuroinflammation. Studies have shown that the triterpenoid lupenone, a natural product found in various plants, has a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect in the context of chronic inflammation. However, the effects of lupenone on acute inflammation induced by spinal cord injury remain unknown. In this study, we established an impact-induced mouse model of spinal cord injury, and then treated the injured mice with lupenone (8 mg/kg, twice a day) by intraperitoneal injection. We also treated BV2 cells with lipopolysaccharide and adenosine 5'-triphosphate to simulate the inflammatory response after spinal cord injury. Our results showed that lupenone reduced IκBα activation and p65 nuclear translocation, inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome function by modulating nuclear factor kappa B, and enhanced the conversion of proinflammatory M1 microglial cells into anti-inflammatory M2 microglial cells. Furthermore, lupenone decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation, NLRP3-induced microglial cell polarization, and microglia pyroptosis by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. These findings suggest that lupenone protects against spinal cord injury by inhibiting inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fudong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiqiang Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanqi Kong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingjie Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Tang WD, Zhu WY, Tang HL, Zhao P, Zhao LJ. Engagement of AKT and ERK signaling pathways facilitates infection of human neuronal cells with West Nile virus. J Virus Erad 2024; 10:100368. [PMID: 38601702 PMCID: PMC11004658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jve.2024.100368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is an important neurotropic virus that accounts for the emergence of human arboviral encephalitis and meningitis. The interaction of WNV with signaling pathways plays a key role in controlling WNV infection. We have investigated the roles of the AKT and ERK pathways in supporting WNV propagation and modulating the inflammatory response following WNV infection. WNV established a productive infection in neuronal cell lines originated from human and mouse. Expression of IL-11 and TNF-α was markedly up-regulated in the infected human neuronal cells, indicating elicitation of inflammation response upon WNV infection. WNV incubation rapidly activated signaling cascades of AKT (AKT-S6-4E-BP1) and ERK (MEK-ERK-p90RSK) pathways. Treatment with AKT inhibitor MK-2206 or MEK inhibitor U0126 abrogated WNV-induced AKT or ERK activation. Strong activation of AKT and ERK signaling pathways could be detectable at 24 h after WNV infection, while such activation was abolished at 48 h post infection. U0126 treatment or knockdown of ERK expression significantly increased WNV RNA levels and viral titers and efficiently decreased IL-11 production induced by WNV, suggesting the involvement of ERK pathway in WNV propagation and IL-11 induction. MK-2206 treatment enhanced WNV RNA replication accompanied with a moderate decrease in IL-11 production. These results demonstrate that engagement of AKT and ERK signaling pathways facilitates viral infection and may be implicated in WNV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Da Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Yang Zhu
- The 16th Student Brigade, College of Basic Medicine, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Lin Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan-Juan Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 200433, Shanghai, China
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Song SE, Shin SK, Kim YW, Do YR, Lim AK, Bae JH, Jeong GS, Im SS, Song DK. Lupenone attenuates thapsigargin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells possibly through inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase 2 activity. Life Sci 2023; 332:122107. [PMID: 37739164 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Prolonged high levels of cytokines, glucose, or free fatty acids are associated with diabetes, elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]C), and depletion of Ca2+ concentration in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic beta cells. This Ca2+ imbalance induces ER stress and apoptosis. Lupenone, a lupan-type triterpenoid, is beneficial in diabetes; however, its mechanism of action is yet to be clarified. This study evaluated the protective mechanism of lupenone against thapsigargin-induced ER stress and apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS MIN6, INS-1, and native mouse islet cells were used. Western blot for protein expressions, measurement of [Ca2+]C, and in vivo glucose tolerance test were mainly performed. KEY FINDINGS Thapsigargin increased the protein levels of cleaved caspase 3, cleaved PARP, and the phosphorylated form of JNK, ATF4, and CHOP. Thapsigargin increased the interaction between stromal interaction molecule1 (Stim1) and Orai1, enhancing store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). SOCE is further activated by protein tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), which is Ca2+-dependent and phosphorylates the tyrosine residue at Y361 in Stim1. Lupenone inhibited thapsigargin-mediated Pyk2 activation, suppressed [Ca2+]C, ER stress, and apoptosis. Lupenone restored impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion effectuated by thapsigargin and glucose intolerance in a low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model. SIGNIFICANCE These results suggested that lupenone attenuated thapsigargin-induced ER stress and apoptosis by inhibiting SOCE; this may be due to the hindrance of Pyk2-mediated Stim1 tyrosine phosphorylation. In beta cells that are inevitably exposed to frequent [Ca2+]C elevation, the attenuation of abnormally high SOCE would be beneficial for their survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Eun Song
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Su-Kyung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yong-Woon Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yeungnam University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Young Rok Do
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ae Kyoung Lim
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Bae
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- Keimyung University, College of Pharmacy, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seung-Soon Im
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Dae-Kyu Song
- Department of Physiology & Obesity-mediated Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.
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Khorrami S, Dogani M, Mahani SE, Moghaddam MM, Taheri RA. Neuroprotective activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against methamphetamine-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11867. [PMID: 37481580 PMCID: PMC10363122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37917-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective activity of the black peel pomegranate extract, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized using the extract. We pretreated the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5 cells with the extract and AgNPs and evaluated the neuroprotective activity of these agents against methamphetamine (Meth) cytotoxicity. The NPs were spherical with 19 ± 8 nm size, - 28 mV surface charge, and 0.20 PDI. Meth killed the cells by increasing proapoptotic (Bax, PTEN, AKT, PI3K, NF-κB, P53, TNF-α, Cyt C, and Cas 3) and decreasing the antiapoptotic genes (Bcl-2) expression. Exposure to Meth caused DNA fragmentation and increased the intercellular ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels while reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). A 4-h pretreatment of the cells with the extract and AgNPs could retain the viability of the cells above 80% by increasing the Bcl-2 expression up to fourfold and inhibiting the cell death pathways. ROS, MDA, and MMP levels in the pretreated cells were close to the control group. The percentage of necrosis in cells pretreated with the extract and AgNPs declined to 32% and 8%, respectively. Our promising findings indicated that AgNPs could reduce Meth-induced oxidative stress and prevent necrotic and apoptotic cell death by regulating related genes' expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Khorrami
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manijeh Dogani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeed Esmaeili Mahani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Moosazadeh Moghaddam
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramezan Ali Taheri
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wu H, Xu F, Huang X, Li X, Yu P, Zhang L, Yang X, Kong J, Zhen C, Wang X. Lupenone improves type 2 diabetic nephropathy by regulating NF-κB pathway-mediated inflammation and TGF-β1/Smad/CTGF-associated fibrosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154959. [PMID: 37478684 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetic nephropathy is a common diabetic complication and the main cause of death in patients with diabetes. Research has aimed to find an ideal drug with minimal side effects for treating this disease. Banana peel has been shown to be anti-diabetic, with lupenone isolated from banana peel exhibiting antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities; However, the effects of lupenone on type 2 diabetic nephropathy are largely unknown. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of lupenone on type 2 diabetic nephropathy, and its mechanism from both anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic perspectives. METHODS Spontaneous type 2 diabetic nephropathy db/db mouse models were given three levels of lupenone (24 or 12 or 6 mg/kg/d) via intragastric administration for six weeks, and irbesartan treatment was used for the positive control group. We explored the effects and mechanism of lupenone action using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, automatic biochemical analyzer, hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining, real time-PCR, and western blotting. Concurrently, a high-sugar and high-fat diet combined with a low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic nephropathy rat model was used for confirmatory research. RESULTS Lupenone administration maintained the fasting blood glucose; reduced glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, and 24 h proteinuria levels; and markedly regulated changes in biochemical indicators associated with kidney injury in serum and urine (including 24 h proteinuria, micro-albumin, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, α1-micro-globulin, creatinine, urea nitrogen, uric acid, total protein, and albumin) of type 2 diabetic nephropathy mice and rats. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining as well as molecular biology tests revealed that inflammation and fibrosis are the two key processes affected by lupenone treatment. Lupenone protected type 2 diabetic nephropathy kidneys by regulating the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response and TGF-β1/Smad/CTGF pathway-associated fibrosis. CONCLUSION Lupenone has potential as an innovative drug for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy. Additionally, it has great value for the utilization of banana peel resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Wu
- School of pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- School of pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, PR China
| | - Xulong Huang
- School of pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, PR China
| | - Xiaofen Li
- School of pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, PR China
| | - Piao Yu
- School of pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, PR China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- School of pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, PR China
| | - Xiaosong Yang
- School of pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, PR China
| | - Juan Kong
- School of pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhen
- School of pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, PR China
| | - Xiangpei Wang
- School of Chinese Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025 Guizhou, PR China.
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Bahader GA, James AW, Almarghalani DA, Shah ZA. Cofilin Inhibitor Protects against Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:630. [PMID: 37106830 PMCID: PMC10136258 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Microglial activation and failure of the antioxidant defense mechanisms are major hallmarks in different brain injuries, particularly traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cofilin is a cytoskeleton-associated protein involved in actin binding and severing. In our previous studies, we identified the putative role of cofilin in mediating microglial activation and apoptosis in ischemic and hemorrhagic conditions. Others have highlighted the involvement of cofilin in ROS production and the resultant neuronal death; however, more studies are needed to delineate the role of cofilin in oxidative stress conditions. The present study aims to investigate the cellular and molecular effects of cofilin in TBI using both in vitro and in vivo models as well as the first-in-class small-molecule cofilin inhibitor (CI). An in vitro H2O2-induced oxidative stress model was used in two different types of cells, human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and microglia (HMC3), along with an in vivo controlled cortical impact model of TBI. Our results show that treatment with H2O2 increases the expression of cofilin and slingshot-1 (SSH-1), an upstream regulator of cofilin, in microglial cells, which was significantly reduced in the CI-treated group. Cofilin inhibition significantly attenuated H2O2-induced microglial activation by reducing the release of proinflammatory mediators. Furthermore, we demonstrate that CI protects against H2O2-induced ROS accumulation and neuronal cytotoxicity, activates the AKT signaling pathway by increasing its phosphorylation, and modulates mitochondrial-related apoptogenic factors. The expression of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its associated antioxidant enzymes were also increased in CI-treated SY-SY5Y. In the mice model of TBI, CI significantly activated the Nrf2 and reduced the expression of oxidative/nitrosative stress markers at the protein and gene levels. Together, our data suggest that cofilin inhibition provides a neuroprotective effect in in vitro and in vivo TBI mice models by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, the pivotal mechanisms involved in TBI-induced brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaith A. Bahader
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Antonisamy William James
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Daniyah A. Almarghalani
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Zahoor A. Shah
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
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Khan Z, Ali SA. Isocyanate induces cytotoxicity via activation of phosphorylated alpha synuclein protein, nitrosative stress, and apoptotic pathway in Parkinson's Disease model-SHSY-5Y cells. Neurol Res 2023; 45:676-687. [PMID: 36827495 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2023.2181919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurotoxic disorders account for a significant portion of the diseases that influence the worldwide disease burden. Parkinson's disease is one such disease that is linked with environmental toxin exposure. Isocyanates are a highly reactive industrial intermediate used widely in manufacturing plastic products, paints, etc. This study aims to delineate the neurotoxic potential of isocyanate in Parkinson's cell model-SHSY-5Y cells. METHODOLOGY SHSY-5Y cells were treated with isocyanate analogue (N succinimidyl N methyl carbamate) in time and dose dependant manner. Different parameters were assessed like protein expression, nitrosative stress level, antioxidant enzymes level and apoptosis. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that dose- and time-dependent isocyanate exposure increases reactive nitrogen species and decreases the glutathione, SOD, and catalase levels. Further, increased phosphorylated alpha-synuclein protein and activation of caspase 3 exert cytotoxicity in SHSY-5Y cells. CONCLUSION Our research reveals that widely used isocyanate induces cytotoxicity, apoptosis, nitrosative stress, and protein dysfunction, which might constitute a potential mechanism of neurodegeneration in Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeba Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saifia Science College, Bhopal, India
| | - Sharique A Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Saifia Science College, Bhopal, India
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Zhao P, Liu W, Ye L. Exploring the Biological Mechanism of Mammalian Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B/Target of Rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) Signaling in the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to study the biological effect of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway on the treatment of TNBC, along with the efficiency of PI3K inhibitor BKM120, mTOR inhibitor PF-4708671 and dual inhibitor GDC-0980 on treating breast cancer in terms of proliferation and apoptosis utilizing MDA-MB-213
cell line, as well as on the expression of S6K1. The expressions of PI3K, mTOR and Akt in TNBC and paired adjacent tissues were detected by PCR. After treatment with BKM120, PF-4708671 and GDC-0980 for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, CCK-8 method was employed to assess the proliferation and apoptosis
curves of the MDA-MB-231 cell line, the expression of S6K1 was detected by Western Blot. Expressions of PI3K, mTOR and Akt in TNBC tissues were significantly increased than those in normal specimens (P = 0.000); Compared with control group, cell proliferation treated with three inhibitors
was significantly impeded, of which the inhibitory effect of PF-5708671 was slightly stronger than BKM120, while the strongest inhibitory effect was observed for GDC-0980 treatment. After 48 hours treatment, the expression intensity of p-mTOR, p-PI3K and S6K1 in MDA-MB-213 cells treated with
BKM120, PF-4708671 and GDC-0980 was decreased, of which the suppression of p-mTOR, p-PI3K and S6K1 by GDC-0980 was stronger than other groups. The inclined expression of PI3K, mTOR and Akt was observed in TNBC tissues. The antagonists targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling could inhibit the
proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer cell line, of which the dual inhibitor exerted the strongest inhibition effect, and could decreased the expression of S6K1 and activity. The antagonists targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal transduction showed a promising prospect in the treatment
of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Jingmen No.2 People’s Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei, 448000, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Jingmen No.2 People’s Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei, 448000, China
| | - Lun Ye
- Department of Emergency, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 402260, China
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Liu B, Deng J, Jie X, Lu F, Liu X, Zhang D. Protective effects of the Bupi Yishen formula on renal fibrosis through PI3K/AKT signaling inhibition. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115242. [PMID: 35367329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Bupi Yishen Formula (BYF) is a patented Chinese herbal compound that has been long used to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the clinic. However, its main active ingredients and underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. AIM Identify the major active ingredients of BYF and investigate its protective effects and specific molecular mechanisms in renal fibrosis. METHODS First, we performed network pharmacology analysis combined with molecular docking to predict the main active compounds, potential therapeutic targets, and intervention pathways that might exert the anti-fibrotic effect of BYF in the kidney. Then, we validated the predictions in both adenine-induced CKD rats and TGFβ1-induced HK-2 cells. RESULTS A total of 233 common targets, 25 core targets, and 10 main active compounds from BYF were selected by network pharmacology analyses. Then, GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses indicated that the renoprotection conferred by BYF against renal fibrosis was mainly associated with the PI3K/AKT signaling. Besides, the molecular docking showed that the 10 main active compounds of BYF were closely docked with three main PI3K/AKT pathway proteins. During the experimental validations, BYF improved renal impairment and alleviated fibrosis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling activity in the kidney of adenine-induced CKD model rats. Moreover, increased PI3K/AKT signaling activation was associated with fibrotic phenotype changes in adenine-induced CKD rats and TGFβ1-induced HK-2 cells. On the other hand, BYF treatment reduced PI3K/AKT signaling activation and decreased renal fibrogenesis in a dose-dependent manner, thereby indicating that PI3K/AKT signaling was essential for BYF to exert its anti-fibrotic effects. Finally, the inhibitory effect of BYF on renal fibrogenesis was not enhanced while blocking the PI3K/AKT pathway with a broad spectrum PI3K inhibitor (LY294002). CONCLUSION In the present study, we applied a comprehensive strategy based on systemic pharmacology to reveal the anti-fibrotic mechanisms of BYF, at least partially, through the inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling activation. We also identified BYF as a potential therapeutic agent for renal fibrosis and CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingran Liu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jiankun Deng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, SHANTOU Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, 515031, China
| | - Xina Jie
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Fuhua Lu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xusheng Liu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Difei Zhang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No.111 Dade Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Chemosensitization Effect of Seabuckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Pulp Oil via Autophagy and Senescence in NSCLC Cells. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101517. [PMID: 35627086 PMCID: PMC9140501 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The research has demonstrated a synergistic anticancer effect of Seabuckthorn pulp oil (SBO) and the standard chemotherapy regimen Docetaxel (DTX) against two non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines: A549 and H23. The synergizing effect of an SBO and DTX combination was detected utilizing SRB assay and combination index (CI) approaches. Flow cytometry was carried out using fluorescent probes to measure cell cycle analysis by DNA content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Further, we demonstrated that the synergistic anticancer activity of SBO merged with DTX was achieved by caspase-independent autophagy and senescence induction. These changes were concomitant with increased generation of ROS production and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) protein expression, G1-phase arrest, and enhanced senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining activity. Our data also demonstrated that SBO or DTX treatment groups solely upregulated the phosphorylation of ERK, which coincided with the induction of autophagy vacuoles and was functionally associated with ROS activation. Moreover, endogenous LC3 puncta staining was performed and monitored by confocal microscopy. Overall, these results suggest new mechanisms for the antitumor activity of SBO co-treated with DTX through triggering autophagic cell death and senescence against cancer cells as a result of sustained ERK phosphorylation and intracellular ROS production in NSCLC. In addition, we also highlight SBO as an alternative therapeutic option or adjunct therapeutic strategy in combination with chemotherapeutic agents in lung cancer therapy management.
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Hsu YL, Hung HS, Tsai CW, Liu SP, Chiang YT, Kuo YH, Shyu WC, Lin SZ, Fu RH. Peiminine Reduces ARTS-Mediated Degradation of XIAP by Modulating the PINK1/Parkin Pathway to Ameliorate 6-Hydroxydopamine Toxicity and α-Synuclein Accumulation in Parkinson's Disease Models In Vivo and In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910240. [PMID: 34638579 PMCID: PMC8549710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative disease that can cause motor, cognitive, and behavioral disorders. The treatment strategies being developed are based on the typical pathologic features of PD, including the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain and the accumulation of α-synuclein in neurons. Peiminine (PMN) is an extract of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq that has antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory effects. We used Caenorhabditis elegans and SH-SY5Y cell models of PD to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of PMN and address its corresponding mechanism of action. We found that pretreatment with PMN reduced reactive oxygen species production and DA neuron degeneration caused by exposure to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), and therefore significantly improved the DA-mediated food-sensing behavior of 6-OHDA-exposed worms and prolonged their lifespan. PMN also diminished the accumulation of α-synuclein in transgenic worms and transfected cells. In our study of the mechanism of action, we found that PMN lessened ARTS-mediated degradation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) by enhancing the expression of PINK1/parkin. This led to reduced 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis, enhanced activity of the ubiquitin–proteasome system, and increased autophagy, which diminished the accumulation of α-synuclein. The use of small interfering RNA to down-regulate parkin reversed the benefits of PMN in the PD models. Our findings suggest PMN as a candidate compound worthy of further evaluation for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
| | - Huey-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
| | - Yun-Hua Kuo
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 12217, Taiwan;
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-422052121-7826
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12
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Bayazid AB, Jang YA, Kim YM, Kim JG, Lim BO. Neuroprotective Effects of Sodium Butyrate through Suppressing Neuroinflammation and Modulating Antioxidant Enzymes. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2348-2358. [PMID: 34106394 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03369-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of effective therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) remains challenging. Neurotoxicity, inflammations, and oxidative stress are associating factors of NDDs. Sodium butyrate (NaB) is a short-chain fatty acid found in diet and produced in the gut that reportedly protects cancer, inflammation, obesity and so on. Previously, SH-SY5Y cells were studied as in vitro models of cerebral diseases. We have investigated the neuroprotective effects of NaB in SH-SY5Y cells stimulated with TNF-α. The expression of inflammatory mediators, including iNOS, COX-2, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and the apoptotic regulators, including P-53, Bcl-2 associated X (BAX) Protein, and caspase-3 were analyzed by western blot analysis. The anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 and the pro-apoptotic gene BAX translocation were also investigated. Our results showed that NaB attenuated cell death and inhibited the NO production and decreased the expression of iNOS and COX-2 in TNF-α-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells. NaB notably ameliorated apoptotic regulatory proteins p-53, Caspase-3 and caspase-1 level, and reversed phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases and p-38 proteins. NaB ameliorated Glucocorticoid receptor and NLRP3 inflammasome expressions. NaB also suppressed the BAX nuclear translocation and modulated Nrf-2, HO-1 and MnSOD expression in neuroblastoma cells. In addition, NaB substantially reversed the reactive oxygen species in H2O2 induced SH-SY5Y cells. Altogether, our results suggest that sodium butyrate has potential therapeutic effects against NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Borhan Bayazid
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Korea
| | - Young Ah Jang
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Healthcare, R&DB Foundation of Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Yu Mi Kim
- Bio-Nano Technology Co, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae Gon Kim
- BK21 FOUR, GLOCAL Education Program for Nutraceutical and Biopharmaceutical Research, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Korea
| | - Beong Ou Lim
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Korea.
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Sirignano C, Nadembega P, Poli F, Romano B, Lucariello G, Rigano D, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Triterpenoids from Vitellaria paradoxa Stem Barks Reduce Nitrite Levels in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10051006. [PMID: 34070050 PMCID: PMC8158121 DOI: 10.3390/plants10051006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Vitellaria paradoxa C. F. Gaertn is widely used in African traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory remedy to treat rheumatism, gastric problems, diarrhea, and dysentery. The phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of V. paradoxa stem bark collected in Burkina Faso led to the isolation of eight known and two triterpenes undescribed to date (7 and 10), in the free alcohol form or as acetyl and cinnamyl ester derivatives. The stereostructures of the new compounds were elucidated using HR-ESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR data. The isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory effect on nitrite levels on murine macrophages J774 stimulated with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Among all the compounds tested, lupeol cinnamate (3) and betulinic acid (5) showed a beneficial effect in reducing nitrite levels produced after LPS stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmina Sirignano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (B.R.); (G.L.); (O.T.-S.)
| | - Pascal Nadembega
- The UFR Life and Earth Sciences (UFR/SVT), University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou 848, Burkina Faso;
| | - Ferruccio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Barbara Romano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (B.R.); (G.L.); (O.T.-S.)
| | - Giuseppe Lucariello
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (B.R.); (G.L.); (O.T.-S.)
| | - Daniela Rigano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (B.R.); (G.L.); (O.T.-S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-679-897
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (B.R.); (G.L.); (O.T.-S.)
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6,7,4'-Trihydroxyflavanone Mitigates Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5y Cells via Nrf2/heme Oxyganase-1 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092442. [PMID: 33922144 PMCID: PMC8122742 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a synthetic psychostimulant drug that has detrimental effects on the health of its users. Although it has been investigated as a cause of neurodegenerative disease due to its neurotoxicity, whether small molecules derived from natural products attenuate these side effects remains elusive. 6,7,4'-trihydroxyflavanone (THF) is a flavanone family that possesses various pharmacological activities, including anti-rheumatic, anti-ischemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-osteoclastogenic, and protective effects against METH-induced deactivation of T cells. However, little is known about whether THF protects neuronal cells from METH-induced neurotoxicity. Here, we investigated the protective effects of THF on neurotoxicity induced by METH exposure by enhancing the Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways in SH-SY5y cells. Treatment with THF did not lead to cytotoxicity, but attenuated METH-induced neurotoxicity by modulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, METH-induced oxidative stress, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR phosphorylation in METH-exposed SH-SY5y cells. Moreover, we found THF induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation and HO-1 expression. An inhibitor assay confirmed that the induction of HO-1 by THF attenuates METH-induced neurotoxicity. Therefore, we suggest that THF preserves neuronal cells from METH-induced neurotoxicity by upregulating HO-1 expression through the Nrf2 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Thus, THF has therapeutic potential for use in the treatment of METH-addicts suffering from neurodegenerative diseases.
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Aromadendrin Protects Neuronal Cells from Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052274. [PMID: 33668860 PMCID: PMC7956189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive drug that induces irreversible damage to neuronal cells and pathological malfunction in the brain. Aromadendrin, isolated from the flowers of Chionanthus retusus, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory or anti-tumor activity. Nevertheless, it has been reported that METH exacerbates neurotoxicity by inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway in neuronal cells. There is little evidence that aromadendrin protects cells from neurotoxicity induced by METH. In this study, we found that aromadendrin partially suppressed the METH-induced cell death in SH-SY5y cells without causing cytotoxicity. Aromadendrin regulated METH-induced ER stress by preserving the phosphorylation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in METH-exposed SH-SY5y cells. In addition, aromadendrin mitigated METH-induced autophagic and the apoptotic pathways in METH-exposed SH-SY5y cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that pre-treatment with aromadendrin restored the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins in METH-exposed conditions. The inhibitor assay confirmed that aromadendrin-mediated restoration of mTOR phosphorylation protected cells from autophagy and apoptosis in METH-exposed cells. Therefore, these findings suggest that aromadendrin relatively has a protective effect on SH-SY5y cells against autophagy and apoptosis induced by METH via regulation of ER stress and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Zhang KK, Wang H, Qu D, Chen LJ, Wang LB, Li JH, Liu JL, Xu LL, Yoshida JS, Xu JT, Xie XL, Li DR. Luteolin Alleviates Methamphetamine-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Suppressing the p53 Pathway-Mediated Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Inflammation in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:641917. [PMID: 33679421 PMCID: PMC7933587 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.641917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Misuse of the psychostimulant methamphetamine (METH) could induce serious hepatotoxicity. Our previous study revealed the effects of luteolin on alleviating METH-induced hepatotoxicity, however, the detailed mechanisms have not been elucidated. In this study, rats were orally pretreated with 100 mg/kg luteolin or sodium dodecyl sulfate water, and then METH (15 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) or saline was administered. Histopathological and biochemical analyses were used to determine the alleviative effects of luteolin. Based on the RNA-sequencing data, METH induced 1859 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in comparison with the control group, which were enriched into 11 signaling pathways. Among these DEGs, 497 DEGs could be regulated through luteolin treatment and enriched into 16 pathways. The p53 signaling pathway was enriched in both METH administered and luteolin pretreated rats. Meanwhile, luteolin significantly suppressed METH-induced elevation of p53, caspase9, caspase3, cleaved caspase3, the ratio of Bax/Beclin-2, as well as autophagy-related Beclin-1, Atg5, and LC3-II. Luteolin also relieved METH-induced hepatotoxicity by decreasing inflammation factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18. Moreover, the levels of PI3K, p-Akt, and the normalized ratio of p-Akt/Akt declined after METH administration, whereas luteolin pretreatment failed to reverse these effects. Our results suggest that luteolin alleviates METH-induced hepatic apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation through repressing the p53 pathway. It further illustrates the protective mechanisms of luteolin on METH-induced hepatotoxicity and provides a research basis for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Kai Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Qu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Jian Chen
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Bin Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hao Li
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Li Liu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Ling Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jing-Tao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai, China.,Department of Forensic Clinical Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Li Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ri Li
- Department of Forensic Evidence Science, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Lee HS, Jeong GS. 6,7,4[Formula: see text]-Trihydroxyflavanone Prevents Methamphetamine-Induced T Cell Deactivation by Protecting the Activated T Cells from Apoptosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:95-111. [PMID: 33416022 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is an extremely addictive drug that has raised serious public health concerns recently. METH addiction not only results in neuronal cytotoxicity, but it also affects immune cell activity, including T lymphocytes. 6,4,7[Formula: see text]-trihydroxyflavanone (THF), isolated from Dalbergia odorifera, has been studied for its antibacterial activity, but evidence for whether THF has an anti-cytotoxic and protective effect on T cell activation exposed to METH is lacking. In this study, results showed that treatment with THF was not cytotoxic to Jurkat T cells but dose-dependently mitigated the cytotoxicity induced by exposure to METH. The Western blot results demonstrating pre-treatment with THF maintained the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR downregulated by treatment with METH. Furthermore, we found that decreased expression of IL-2 and CD69 by METH exposure was partially restored, and viability was significantly prevented by pre-treatment with THF in activated T cells. These findings were involved in re-elevated expression of anti-apoptotic proteins as well as recovered pathways including MAPK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR in activated T cells pre-exposed to METH. Our results suggest beneficial effects of THF against the cytotoxic and immune-modulating effect of METH on T cells and therapeutic potential of THF for patients with immunodeficiency caused by METH addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Su Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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