1
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Ortega MA, Boaru DL, De Leon-Oliva D, Fraile-Martinez O, García-Montero C, Rios L, Garrido-Gil MJ, Barrena-Blázquez S, Minaya-Bravo AM, Rios-Parra A, Álvarez-Mon M, Jiménez-Álvarez L, López-González L, Guijarro LG, Diaz R, Saez MA. PD-1/PD-L1 axis: implications in immune regulation, cancer progression, and translational applications. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:987-1000. [PMID: 38935130 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02463-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is a complex signaling pathway that has an important role in the immune system cells. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) acts as an immune checkpoint on the T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer (NK), macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, and myeloid cells. Its ligand, the programmed cell death 1 ligand (PD-L1), is expressed in the surface of the antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The binding of both promotes the downregulation of the T cell response to ensure the activation to prevent the onset of chronic immune inflammation. This axis in the tumor microenvironment (TME) performs a crucial role in the tumor progression and the escape of the tumor by neutralizing the immune system, the engagement of PD-L1 with PD-1 in the T cell causes dysfunctions, neutralization, and exhaustion, providing the tumor mass production. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the functions of the PD-1/PD-L1 system in immune function, cancer, and the potential therapeutic implications of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain.
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain.
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de, Asturias University Hospital, Alcala de Henares, Spain.
| | - Diego Liviu Boaru
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Diego De Leon-Oliva
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Rios
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Maria J Garrido-Gil
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Silvestra Barrena-Blázquez
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Ana M Minaya-Bravo
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Rios-Parra
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de, Asturias University Hospital, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology Service, University Hospital Principe de Asturias, CIBEREHD, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Laura Jiménez-Álvarez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Laura López-González
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Luis G Guijarro
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul Diaz
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain.
- Surgery Service, University Hospital Principe de Asturias, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Saez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CIBEREHD, University of Alcalá, 28801, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-University of Alcalá (UAH) Madrid, Alcala de Henares, Spain
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2
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Khan A, Zhang Y, Ma N, Shi J, Hou Y. NF-κB role on tumor proliferation, migration, invasion and immune escape. Cancer Gene Ther 2024:10.1038/s41417-024-00811-6. [PMID: 39033218 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00811-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) is a nuclear transcription factor that plays a key factor in promoting inflammation, which can lead to the development of cancer in a long-lasting inflammatory environment. The activation of NF-κB is essential in the initial phases of tumor development and progression, occurring in both pre-malignant cells and cells in the microenvironment such as phagocytes, T cells, and B cells. In addition to stimulating angiogenesis, inhibiting apoptosis, and promoting the growth of tumor cells, NF-κB activation also causes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and tumor immune evasion. Therapeutic strategies that focus on immune checkpoint molecules have revolutionized cancer treatment by enabling the immune system to activate immunological responses against tumor cells. This review focused on understanding the NF-κB signaling pathway in the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrasyab Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - Ningna Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhong Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China.
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3
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Mannion J, Gifford V, Bellenie B, Fernando W, Ramos Garcia L, Wilson R, John SW, Udainiya S, Patin EC, Tiu C, Smith A, Goicoechea M, Craxton A, Moraes de Vasconcelos N, Guppy N, Cheung KMJ, Cundy NJ, Pierrat O, Brennan A, Roumeliotis TI, Benstead-Hume G, Alexander J, Muirhead G, Layzell S, Lyu W, Roulstone V, Allen M, Baldock H, Legrand A, Gabel F, Serrano-Aparicio N, Starling C, Guo H, Upton J, Gyrd-Hansen M, MacFarlane M, Seddon B, Raynaud F, Roxanis I, Harrington K, Haider S, Choudhary JS, Hoelder S, Tenev T, Meier P. A RIPK1-specific PROTAC degrader achieves potent antitumor activity by enhancing immunogenic cell death. Immunity 2024; 57:1514-1532.e15. [PMID: 38788712 PMCID: PMC11236506 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) functions as a critical stress sentinel that coordinates cell survival, inflammation, and immunogenic cell death (ICD). Although the catalytic function of RIPK1 is required to trigger cell death, its non-catalytic scaffold function mediates strong pro-survival signaling. Accordingly, cancer cells can hijack RIPK1 to block necroptosis and evade immune detection. We generated a small-molecule proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) that selectively degraded human and murine RIPK1. PROTAC-mediated depletion of RIPK1 deregulated TNFR1 and TLR3/4 signaling hubs, accentuating the output of NF-κB, MAPK, and IFN signaling. Additionally, RIPK1 degradation simultaneously promoted RIPK3 activation and necroptosis induction. We further demonstrated that RIPK1 degradation enhanced the immunostimulatory effects of radio- and immunotherapy by sensitizing cancer cells to treatment-induced TNF and interferons. This promoted ICD, antitumor immunity, and durable treatment responses. Consequently, targeting RIPK1 by PROTACs emerges as a promising approach to overcome radio- or immunotherapy resistance and enhance anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Mannion
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Valentina Gifford
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Benjamin Bellenie
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery at the Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Winnie Fernando
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Laura Ramos Garcia
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Rebecca Wilson
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Sidonie Wicky John
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Savita Udainiya
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Emmanuel C Patin
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Crescens Tiu
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Angel Smith
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Maria Goicoechea
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Andrew Craxton
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | | | - Naomi Guppy
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Kwai-Ming J Cheung
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery at the Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Nicholas J Cundy
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery at the Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Olivier Pierrat
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery at the Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Alfie Brennan
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery at the Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | | | - Graeme Benstead-Hume
- Functional Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - John Alexander
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Gareth Muirhead
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Scott Layzell
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London NW3 2PP, UK
| | - Wenxin Lyu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Victoria Roulstone
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Mark Allen
- Biological Services Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Holly Baldock
- Biological Services Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Arnaud Legrand
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Florian Gabel
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery at the Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | | | - Chris Starling
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Hongyan Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Jason Upton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Mads Gyrd-Hansen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marion MacFarlane
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Benedict Seddon
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London NW3 2PP, UK
| | - Florence Raynaud
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery at the Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ioannis Roxanis
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Kevin Harrington
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Syed Haider
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Jyoti S Choudhary
- Functional Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Swen Hoelder
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery at the Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Tencho Tenev
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK.
| | - Pascal Meier
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK.
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4
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Salminen A. Inhibitory immune checkpoints suppress the surveillance of senescent cells promoting their accumulation with aging and in age-related diseases. Biogerontology 2024:10.1007/s10522-024-10114-w. [PMID: 38954358 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10114-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of pro-inflammatory senescent cells within tissues is a common hallmark of the aging process and many age-related diseases. This modification has been called the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and observed in cultured cells and in cells isolated from aged tissues. Currently, there is a debate whether the accumulation of senescent cells within tissues should be attributed to increased generation of senescent cells or to a defect in their elimination from aging tissues. Emerging studies have revealed that senescent cells display an increased expression of several inhibitory immune checkpoint ligands, especially those of the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) ligand-1 (PD-L1) proteins. It is known that the PD-L1 ligands, especially those of cancer cells, target the PD-1 receptor of cytotoxic CD8+ T and natural killer (NK) cells disturbing their functions, e.g., evoking a decline in their cytotoxic activity and promoting their exhaustion and even apoptosis. An increase in the level of the PD-L1 protein in senescent cells was able to suppress their immune surveillance and inhibit their elimination by cytotoxic CD8+ T and NK cells. Senescent cells are known to express ligands for several inhibitory immune checkpoint receptors, i.e., PD-1, LILRB4, NKG2A, TIM-3, and SIRPα receptors. Here, I will briefly describe those pathways and examine whether these inhibitory checkpoints could be involved in the immune evasion of senescent cells with aging and age-related diseases. It seems plausible that an enhanced inhibitory checkpoint signaling can prevent the elimination of senescent cells from tissues and thus promote the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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5
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Wang D, Dou L, Sui L, Xue Y, Xu S. Natural killer cells in cancer immunotherapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e626. [PMID: 38882209 PMCID: PMC11179524 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells, as innate lymphocytes, possess cytotoxic capabilities and engage target cells through a repertoire of activating and inhibitory receptors. Particularly, natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) receptor on NK cells recognizes stress-induced ligands-the MHC class I chain-related molecules A and B (MICA/B) presented on tumor cells and is key to trigger the cytolytic response of NK cells. However, tumors have developed sophisticated strategies to evade NK cell surveillance, which lead to failure of tumor immunotherapy. In this paper, we summarized these immune escaping strategies, including the downregulation of ligands for activating receptors, upregulation of ligands for inhibitory receptors, secretion of immunosuppressive compounds, and the development of apoptosis resistance. Then, we focus on recent advancements in NK cell immune therapies, which include engaging activating NK cell receptors, upregulating NKG2D ligand MICA/B expression, blocking inhibitory NK cell receptors, adoptive NK cell therapy, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered NK cells (CAR-NK), and NKG2D CAR-T cells, especially several vaccines targeting MICA/B. This review will inspire the research in NK cell biology in tumor and provide significant hope for improving cancer treatment outcomes by harnessing the potent cytotoxic activity of NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- DanRu Wang
- National Key Lab of Immunity and Inflammation and Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - LingYun Dou
- National Key Lab of Immunity and Inflammation and Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - LiHao Sui
- National Key Lab of Immunity and Inflammation and Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Yiquan Xue
- National Key Lab of Immunity and Inflammation and Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Sheng Xu
- National Key Lab of Immunity and Inflammation and Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation Dongfang Hospital Shanghai China
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6
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Salminen A. The role of the immunosuppressive PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway in the aging process and age-related diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:733-750. [PMID: 38600305 PMCID: PMC11106179 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of senescent cells within tissues is a hallmark of the aging process. Senescent cells are also commonly present in many age-related diseases and in the cancer microenvironment. The escape of abnormal cells from immune surveillance indicates that there is some defect in the function of cytotoxic immune cells, e.g., CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Recent studies have revealed that the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein is abundantly increased in senescent cells. An increase in the amount of PD-L1 protein protects senescent cells from clearance by the PD-1 checkpoint receptor in cytotoxic immune cells. In fact, the activation of the PD-1 receptor suppresses the cytotoxic properties of CD8+ T and NK cells, promoting a state of immunosenescence. The inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway acts in cooperation with immunosuppressive cells; for example, activation of PD-1 receptor can enhance the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Treg), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and M2 macrophages, whereas the cytokines secreted by immunosuppressive cells stimulate the expression of the immunosuppressive PD-L1 protein. Interestingly, many signaling pathways known to promote cellular senescence and the aging process are crucial stimulators of the expression of PD-L1 protein, e.g., epigenetic regulation, inflammatory mediators, mTOR-related signaling, cGAS-STING pathway, and AhR signaling. It seems that the inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint axis has a crucial role in the accumulation of senescent cells and thus it promotes the aging process in tissues. Thus, the blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint signaling might be a potential anti-aging senolytic therapy. KEY MESSAGES: Senescent cells accumulate within tissues during aging and age-related diseases. Senescent cells are able to escape immune surveillance by cytotoxic immune cells. Expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) markedly increases in senescent cells. Age-related signaling stimulates the expression of PD-L1 protein in senescent cells. Inhibitory PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway suppresses clearance of senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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7
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Gao F, You X, Yang L, Zou X, Sui B. Boosting immune responses in lung tumor immune microenvironment: A comprehensive review of strategies and adjuvants. Int Rev Immunol 2024:1-29. [PMID: 38525925 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2024.2333275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The immune system has a substantial impact on the growth and expansion of lung malignancies. Immune cells are encompassed by a stroma comprising an extracellular matrix (ECM) and different cells like stromal cells, which are known as the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). TME is marked by the presence of immunosuppressive factors, which inhibit the function of immune cells and expand tumor growth. In recent years, numerous strategies and adjuvants have been developed to extend immune responses in the TIME, to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this comprehensive review, we outline the present knowledge of immune evasion mechanisms in lung TIME, explain the biology of immune cells and diverse effectors on these components, and discuss various approaches for overcoming suppressive barriers. We highlight the potential of novel adjuvants, including toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, cytokines, phytochemicals, nanocarriers, and oncolytic viruses, for enhancing immune responses in the TME. Ultimately, we provide a summary of ongoing clinical trials investigating these strategies and adjuvants in lung cancer patients. This review also provides a broad overview of the current state-of-the-art in boosting immune responses in the TIME and highlights the potential of these approaches for improving outcomes in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoqing You
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Oncology, Da Qing Long Nan Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiangni Zou
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Bowen Sui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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8
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Waluyo ST, Tjokroprawiro BA, Rahaju AS. Correlation between estrogen receptor and programmed death ligand-1 in type I endometrial cancer. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X 2024; 21:100293. [PMID: 38433993 PMCID: PMC10907181 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the effect of estrogen receptor (ER) on programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in type I endometrial cancer (EC). Material and Methods This retrospective study included 85 patients with type I EC who underwent surgery at Dr. Soetomo Hospital between 2018 and 2022. A random sampling technique was employed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) with ER and PD-L1 antibodies was performed on all samples. In this study, ER expression served as the independent variable, while PD-L1 expression was considered the dependent variable. Data analysis was performed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient test. Results Out of the 85 patients with type I EC, 58 (68.2%) exhibited positive and 27 (31.8%) exhibited negative ER expression. Meanwhile positive PD-L1 expression was seen in 67 (78.8%) and 18 (21.2%) exhibited negative PD-L1 expression. The study revealed a strong negative correlation between ER and PD-L1 expression in EC (rho value = -0.886, p-value = 0.0001). Conclusion ER downregulates PD-L1 in type I EC. The findings of this study can be used as reference data and as the basis for further research, especially investigations of the prognostic and immunotherapeutic value of ER and PD-L1 expression in type I EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setyo Teguh Waluyo
- Subspecialist Education Program, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Medical Faculty –Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Brahmana Askandar Tjokroprawiro
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr.Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Anny Setijo Rahaju
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr.Soetomo General Academic Hospital/ Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Romashin D, Rusanov A, Arzumanian V, Varshaver A, Poverennaya E, Vakhrushev I, Netrusov A, Luzgina N. Exploring the Functions of Mutant p53 through TP53 Knockout in HaCaT Keratinocytes. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:1451-1466. [PMID: 38392212 PMCID: PMC10887868 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 50% of tumors carry mutations in TP53; thus, evaluation of the features of mutant p53 is crucial to understanding the mechanisms underlying cell transformation and tumor progression. HaCaT keratinocytes represent a valuable model for research in this area since they are considered normal, although they bear two gain-of-function mutations in TP53. In the present study, transcriptomic and proteomic profiling were employed to examine the functions of mutant p53 and to investigate the impact of its complete abolishment. Our findings indicate that CRISPR-mediated TP53 knockout results in significant changes at the transcriptomic and proteomic levels. The knockout of TP53 significantly increased the migration rate and altered the expression of genes associated with invasion, migration, and EMT but suppressed the epidermal differentiation program. These outcomes suggest that, despite being dysfunctional, p53 may still possess oncosuppressive functions. However, despite being considered normal keratinocytes, HaCaT cells exhibit oncogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexander Netrusov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, HSE University, Moscow 101000, Russia
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10
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García-Giménez JL, Saadi W, Ortega AL, Lahoz A, Suay G, Carretero J, Pereda J, Fatmi A, Pallardó FV, Mena-Molla S. miRNAs Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1737. [PMID: 38339019 PMCID: PMC10855819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has represented a breakthrough in the treatment of many cancers, although a high number of patients fail to respond to ICIs, which is partially due to the ability of tumor cells to evade immune system surveillance. Non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to modulate the immune evasion of tumor cells, and there is thus growing interest in elucidating whether these miRNAs could be targetable or proposed as novel biomarkers for prognosis and treatment response to ICIs. We therefore performed an extensive literature analysis to evaluate the clinical utility of miRNAs with a confirmed direct relationship with treatment response to ICIs. As a result of this systematic review, we have stratified the miRNA landscape into (i) miRNAs whose levels directly modulate response to ICIs, (ii) miRNAs whose expression is modulated by ICIs, and (iii) miRNAs that directly elicit toxic effects or participate in immune-related adverse events (irAEs) caused by ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis García-Giménez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.G.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Wiam Saadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature, Life and Earth Sciences, University of Djillali Bounaama, Khemis Miliana 44225, Algeria;
| | - Angel L. Ortega
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Agustin Lahoz
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute-Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Analytical Unit, Health Research Institute-Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Suay
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Julián Carretero
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Javier Pereda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Ahlam Fatmi
- Department of Microbiology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of M’sila, M’sila 28000, Algeria;
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.G.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Mena-Molla
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
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11
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Todorović-Raković N, Whitfield JR. Therapeutic implications of the interplay between interferons and ER in breast cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 75:119-125. [PMID: 38296759 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The involvement of interferons (IFNs) in various diseases, including breast cancer, has sparked controversy due to their diverse roles in immunity and significant impact on pathological mechanisms. In the context of breast cancer, the heightened expression of endogenous IFNs has been linked to anti-tumor activity and a favorable prognosis for patients. Within the tumor tissue and microenvironment, IFNs initiate a cascade of molecular events involving numerous factors, which can lead to either cooperative or repressive interactions. The specific functions of IFNs in breast cancer vary depending on the two major disease phenotypes: hormone dependent (or responsive) and hormone independent (or unresponsive) breast cancer. Hormone dependence is determined by the presence of estrogen receptors (ERs). The interplay between the IFN and ER signaling pathways, and the involvement of intermediate factors such as NFκB, are areas that have been somewhat under-researched, but that hold potential importance for the understanding and treatment of breast cancer. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the actions of IFNs in breast cancer, particularly in relation to the different breast cancer phenotypes and the significance of comprehending the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, the use of IFN-based therapies in cancer treatment remains a topic of debate and has not yet gained widespread acceptance. However, emerging discoveries may redirect focus towards the potential of IFN-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Todorović-Raković
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jonathan R Whitfield
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Carrer Natzaret 115, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
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12
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Zhou R, Pei B, Li X, Zhang X. Involvement of S100A6/S100A11 in T-Cell Immune Regulatory in HCC Revealed by Single Cell RNA-seq. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241252610. [PMID: 38766816 PMCID: PMC11104034 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241252610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Immunotherapy plays a significant role in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Members of the S100 protein family (S100s) have been widely implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of tumors. However, the exact mechanism by which S100s contribute to tumor immunity remains unclear. Methods: To explore the role of S100s in HCC immune cells, we collected and comparatively analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of HCC and hepatitis B virus-associated HCC. By mapping cell classification and searching for S100s binding targets and downstream targets. Results: S100A6/S100A11 was differentially expressed in tumor T cells and involved in the nuclear factor (NF) κB pathway. Further investigation of the TCGA dataset revealed that patients with low S100A6/S100A11 expression had a better prognosis. Temporal cell trajectory analysis showed that the activation of the NF-κB pathway is at a critical stage and has an important impact on the tumor microenvironment. Conclusion: Our study revealed that S100A6/S100A11 could be involved in regulating the differentiation and cellular activity of T-cell subpopulations in HCC, and its low expression was positively correlated with prognosis. It may provide a new direction for immunotherapy of HCC and a theoretical basis for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- Cancer Center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
- Department of General Surgery, Renhe Hospital, Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Bo Pei
- Cancer Center, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Xinzhi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Renhe Hospital, Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xianlin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Renhe Hospital, Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
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13
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Bhat BA, Saifi I, Khamjan NA, Hamdani SS, Algaissi A, Rashid S, Alshehri MM, Ganie SA, Lohani M, Abdelwahab SI, Dar SA. Exploring the tumor immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer: a way-out to the therapeutic roadmap. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:841-860. [PMID: 37712621 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2259096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite cancer treatment strides, mortality due to ovarian cancer remains high globally. While immunotherapy has proven effective in treating cancers with low cure rates, it has limitations. Growing evidence suggests that both tumoral and non-tumoral components of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) play a significant role in cancer growth. Therefore, developing novel and focused therapy for ovarian cancer is critical. Studies indicate that TIME is involved in developing ovarian cancer, particularly genome-, transcriptome-, and proteome-wide studies. As a result, TIME may present a prospective therapeutic target for ovarian cancer patients. AREAS COVERED We examined several TIME-targeting medicines and the connection between TIME and ovarian cancer. The key protagonists and events in the TIME and therapeutic strategies that explicitly target these events in ovarian cancer are discussed. EXPERT OPINION We highlighted various targeted therapies against TIME in ovarian cancer, including anti-angiogenesis therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. While these therapies are in their infancy, they have shown promise in controlling ovarian cancer progression. The use of 'omics' technology is helping in better understanding of TIME in ovarian cancer and potentially identifying new therapeutic targets. TIME-targeted strategies could account for an additional treatment strategy when treating ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basharat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Bioresources, Amar Singh College Campus, Cluster University, Srinagar, India
| | - Ifra Saifi
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut India
| | - Nizar A Khamjan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Suhail Hamdani
- Department of Bioresources, Amar Singh College Campus, Cluster University, Srinagar, India
| | - Abdullah Algaissi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safeena Rashid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | | | - Showkat Ahmad Ganie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mohtashim Lohani
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sajad Ahmad Dar
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Hunter E, Salter M, Powell R, Dring A, Naithani T, Chatziioannou ME, Gebregzabhar A, Issa M, Green J, Ng S, Lim CR, Keat CS, Suan AT, Raman R, Fatt HK, Luen FLW, Alshaker H, Pchejetski D, Blum D, Guiel T, Heaton R, Levine J, Akoulitchev A. Development and Validation of Blood-Based Predictive Biomarkers for Response to PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint Inhibitors: Evidence of a Universal Systemic Core of 3D Immunogenetic Profiling across Multiple Oncological Indications. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2696. [PMID: 37345033 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unprecedented advantages in cancer treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remain limited to only a subset of patients. Systemic analyses of the regulatory 3D genome architecture linked to individual epigenetic and immunogenetic controls associated with tumour immune evasion mechanisms and immune checkpoint pathways reveal a highly prevalent molecular profile predictive of response to PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs. A clinical blood test based on a set of eight (8) 3D genomic biomarkers has been developed and validated on the basis of an observational trial to predict response to ICI therapy. METHODS The predictive eight biomarker set is derived from prospective observational clinical trials, representing 280 treatments with Pembrolizumab, Atezolizumab, Durvalumab, Nivolumab, and Avelumab in a broad range of indications: melanoma, lung, hepatocellular, renal, breast, bladder, colon, head and neck, bone, brain, lymphoma, prostate, vulvar, and cervical cancers. RESULTS The 3D genomic eight biomarker panel for response to immune checkpoint therapy achieved a high accuracy of 85%, sensitivity of 93%, and specificity of 82%. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that a 3D genomic approach can be used to develop a predictive clinical assay for response to PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibition in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ann Dring
- Oxford BioDynamics Plc., Oxford OX4 2WB, UK
| | | | | | | | - Mutaz Issa
- Oxford BioDynamics Plc., Oxford OX4 2WB, UK
| | | | - Serene Ng
- Oxford BioDynamics (M) Sdn Bhd, Penang 10470, Malaysia
| | - Chun Ren Lim
- Oxford BioDynamics (M) Sdn Bhd, Penang 10470, Malaysia
| | - Cheah Soon Keat
- Mount Miriam Cancer Hospital (MMCH), Penang 11200, Malaysia
- Island Hospital, Penang 10450, Malaysia
| | - Ang Tick Suan
- Mount Miriam Cancer Hospital (MMCH), Penang 11200, Malaysia
| | - Rakesh Raman
- Mount Miriam Cancer Hospital (MMCH), Penang 11200, Malaysia
| | - Ho Kean Fatt
- Mount Miriam Cancer Hospital (MMCH), Penang 11200, Malaysia
| | | | - Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - Dave Blum
- Oxford BioDynamics Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Thomas Guiel
- Oxford BioDynamics Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Robert Heaton
- Oxford BioDynamics Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Jedd Levine
- Oxford BioDynamics Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
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15
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Chung CH, Lin CY, Chen CY, Hsueh CW, Chang YW, Wang CC, Chu PY, Tai SK, Yang MH. Ferroptosis Signature Shapes the Immune Profiles to Enhance the Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Head and Neck Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204514. [PMID: 37026630 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As a type of immunogenic cell death, ferroptosis participates in the creation of immunoactive tumor microenvironments. However, knowledge of spatial location of tumor cells with ferroptosis signature in tumor environments and the role of ferroptotic stress in inducing the expression of immune-related molecules in cancer cells is limited. Here the spatial association of the transcriptomic signatures is demonstrated for ferroptosis and inflammation/immune activation located in the invasive front of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The association between ferroptosis signature and inflammation/immune activation is more prominent in HPV-negative HNSCC compared to HPV-positive ones. Ferroptotic stress induces PD-L1 expression through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-elicited NF-κB signaling pathway and calcium influx. Priming murine HNSCC with the ferroptosis inducer sensitizes tumors to anti-PD-L1 antibody treatment. A positive correlation between the ferroptosis signature and the active immune cell profile is shown in the HNSCC samples. This study reveals a subgroup of ferroptotic HNSCC with immune-active signatures and indicates the potential of priming HNSCC with ferroptosis inducers to increase the antitumor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Chung
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Institute of Data Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Chen
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Hsueh
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Wen Chang
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chi Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Pen-Yuan Chu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112201, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Kuan Tai
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112201, Taiwan
| | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112201, Taiwan
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16
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Kravtsova-Ivantsiv Y, Goldhirsh G, Tomuleasa C, Pikarsky E, Ciechanover A. The NF-ĸB p50 subunit generated by KPC1-mediated ubiquitination and limited proteasomal processing, suppresses tumor growth. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:67. [PMID: 37055826 PMCID: PMC10100387 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02919-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-ĸB (NF-ĸB) is an important transcriptional regulator of key cellular processes, including cell cycle, immune response, and malignant transformation. We found that the ubiquitin ligase Kip1 ubiquitination-promoting complex subunit 1 (KPC1; also known as Ring finger protein 123 - RNF123) stimulates ubiquitination and limited proteasomal processing of the p105 NF-ĸB precursor to generate p50, the active subunit of the heterodimeric transcription factor. KPC1 binds to the ankyrin repeats' (AR) domain of NF-ĸB p105 via a short binding site of 7 amino acids-968-WILVRLW-974. Though mature NF-ĸB is overexpressed and constitutively active in different tumors, we found that overexpression of the p50 subunit, exerts a strong tumor suppressive effect. Furthermore, excess of KPC1 that stimulates generation of p50 from the p105 precursor, also results in a similar effect. Analysis of transcripts of glioblastoma and breast tumors revealed that excess of p50 stimulates expression of many NF-ĸB-regulated tumor suppressive genes. Using human xenograft tumor models in different immune compromised mice, we demonstrated that the immune system plays a significant role in the tumor suppressive activity of p50:p50 homodimer stimulating the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5 in both cultured cells and in the xenografts. Expression of these cytokines leads to recruitment of macrophages and NK cells, which restrict tumor growth. Finally, p50 inhibits the expression of the programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PDL1), establishing an additional level of a strong tumor suppressive response mediated by the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Kravtsova-Ivantsiv
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 9649, 3109601, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Gilad Goldhirsh
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 9649, 3109601, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Department of Hematology-Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 9112000, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aaron Ciechanover
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 9649, 3109601, Haifa, Israel.
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17
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Hu L, Hu J, Huang Y, Zheng S, Yin J, Li X, Li D, Lv C, Li S, Hu W. Hypoxia-mediated activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32533. [PMID: 36607847 PMCID: PMC9829281 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the 1950s, hypoxia has been recognized as a crucial characteristic of cancer cells and their microenvironment. Indeed, hypoxia promotes the growth, survival, and metastasis of cancer cells. In the early 1990s, we found that as many phenomena in hypoxia can occur through hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α). HIF1α is known as an angiogenesis converter in hypoxia, which promotes tumorigenesis, development, immune escape, recurrence, etc; This page goes into great detail on how HIF1α is activated during hypoxia and how the 2 signaling channels interact. It specifically emphasizes the significance of reactive oxygen species, the function of the PI3K/the serine/threonine kinase Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin cascade, and outlines the similarities between the 2 important factors (reactive oxygen species and PI3K/the serine/threonine kinase Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin cascade), nuclear factor κB, for HIF1α Important implications, in an effort to offer fresh views for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and HIF1α research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxin Hu
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinwei Hu
- Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University Queen Mary School, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanlin Huang
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sihan Zheng
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ji Yin
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Daiying Li
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Caifeng Lv
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sen Li
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wenjian Hu
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- * Correspondence: Wenjian Hu, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, O.182 Chunhui Road Longmatan District Luzhou Sichuan 646000, China (e-mail: )
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18
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Jovanović Galović A, Jovanović Lješković N, Vidović S, Vladić J, Jojić N, Ilić M, Srdić Rajić T, Kojić V, Jakimov D. The Effects of Resveratrol-Rich Extracts of Vitis vinifera Pruning Waste on HeLa, MCF-7 and MRC-5 Cells: Apoptosis, Autophagia and Necrosis Interplay. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102017. [PMID: 36297452 PMCID: PMC9607132 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a well-studied plant-derived molecule in cancer biology, with a plethora of documented in vitro effects. However, its low bioavailability and toxicity risk hamper its wider use. In this study, vine shoots after pruning were used as a source of resveratrol (RSV). The activity of subcritical water extract (SWE) and dry extract (DE) is examined on three cell lines: HeLa, MCF-7 and MRC-5. The cytotoxic effect is assessed by the MTT test and EB/AO staining, levels of apoptosis are determined by Annexin V assay, autophagia by ULK-1 expression using Western blot and NF-kB activation by p65 ELISA. Our results show that both resveratrol-rich extracts (DE, SWE) have a preferential cytotoxic effect on malignant cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7), and low cytotoxicity on non-malignant cells in culture (MRC-5). Further experiments indicate that the investigated malignant cells undergo different cell death pathways. MCF-7 cells died preferentially by apoptosis, while the HeLa cells died most likely by necrosis (possibly ferroptosis). Protective autophagia is diminished upon treatment with DE in both HeLa and MCF-7 cells, while SWE does not influence the level of autophagia. The extracts are effective even at low concentrations (below IC50) in the activation of NF-kB (p65 translocation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jovanović Galović
- Faculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University of Business Academy, Trg Mladenaca 5, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Senka Vidović
- Faculty of Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vladić
- Faculty of Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nikola Jojić
- Faculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University of Business Academy, Trg Mladenaca 5, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Milan Ilić
- Faculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University of Business Academy, Trg Mladenaca 5, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Srdić Rajić
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Department of Experimental Oncology, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Kojić
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Put doktora Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Dimitar Jakimov
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Put doktora Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
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19
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NFkB Pathway and Hodgkin Lymphoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092153. [PMID: 36140254 PMCID: PMC9495867 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor cells that drive classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), namely, Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells, display hallmark features that include their rareness in contrast with an extensive and rich reactive microenvironment, their loss of B-cell phenotype markers, their immune escape capacity, and the activation of several key biological pathways, including the constitutive activation of the NFkB pathway. Both canonical and alternative pathways are deregulated by genetic alterations of their components or regulators, EBV infection and interaction with the microenvironment through multiple receptors, including CD30, CD40, BAFF, RANK and BCMA. Therefore, NFkB target genes are involved in apoptosis, cell proliferation, JAK/STAT pathway activation, B-cell marker expression loss, cellular interaction and a positive NFkB feedback loop. Targeting this complex pathway directly (NIK inhibitors) or indirectly (PIM, BTK or NOTCH) remains a challenge with potential therapeutic relevance. Nodular predominant HL (NLPHL), a distinct and rare HL subtype, shows a strong NFkB activity signature because of mechanisms that differ from those observed in cHL, which is discussed in this review.
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20
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Shen C, Han L, Liu B, Zhang G, Cai Z, Yin X, Yin Y, Chen Z, Zhang B. The KDM6A-SPARCL1 axis blocks metastasis and regulates the tumour microenvironment of gastrointestinal stromal tumours by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of p65. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:1457-1469. [PMID: 35136209 PMCID: PMC9090789 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01728-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is urgent to explore the pathogenic mechanism of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs). KDM6A, a histone demethylase, can activate gene transcription and has not been reported in GISTs. SPARCL1 may serve as a metastasis marker in GIST, but the molecular mechanism remains to be further explored. This study aimed to explore the biological function and molecular mechanism of KDM6A and SPARCL1 in GIST. METHODS CCK-8, live cell count, colony formation, wound-healing and Transwell migration and invasion assays were employed to detect the cell proliferation, migration and invasion. A xenograft model and hepatic metastasis model were used to assess the role of KDM6A and SPARCL1 in vivo. RESULTS KDM6A inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of GIST cells. Mechanistically, KDM6A promotes the transcription of SPARCL1 by demethylating histone H3 lysine trimethylation and consequently leads to the inactivation of p65. SPARCL1 affected the metastasis of GIST cells in a mesenchymal-epithelial transition- and matrix-metalloproteinase-dependent manner. SPARCL1 knockdown promoted angiogenesis, M2 polarisation and macrophage recruitment by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p65. Moreover, KDM6A and SPARCL1 inhibited hepatic metastasis and macrophage infiltration in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings establish the critical role of the KDM6A-SPARCL1-p65 axis in restraining the malignancy of GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyong Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Luyin Han
- Intensive care unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Baike Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guixiang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhaolun Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaonan Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhixin Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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21
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Laurin KM, Coutu-Beaudry K, Salazar A, Méribout N, Audet-Walsh É, Gravel SP. Low expression of PGC-1β and other mitochondrial biogenesis modulators in melanoma is associated with growth arrest and the induction of an immunosuppressive gene expression program dependent on MEK and IRF-1. Cancer Lett 2022; 541:215738. [PMID: 35594996 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are specialized metabolic and immune organelles that have important roles in tumor progression, metastasis, and response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Mitochondrial biogenesis and function are under the control of the peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PGC-1) transcriptional coactivators. Recent research unveiled the role of PGC-1α in bolstering mitochondrial oxidative functions and in the suppression of metastasis in melanoma, but the role of PGC-1s in tumor immunology remains elusive. Herein, we show that low PGC-1s expression in human melanoma tumors is associated with increased expression of a repertoire of immunosuppressive (CD73, PD-L2, Galectin-9) and pro-inflammatory (IL-8, TNF, IL-1β) transcripts, and that experimental depletion of PGC-1β recapitulates this signature in human melanoma cell lines. The depletion of PGC-1β reduces the expression of HSPA9, impairs mitochondrial activity, and leads to cell cycle arrest. Using pharmacological and gene silencing approaches, we further show that MEK1/2 and IRF-1 mediate the observed immune transcriptional response. Overall, this research suggests that mitochondrial biogenesis modulators can modulate tumor progression, immune evasion, and response to therapeutics through transcriptional control of immune pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl M Laurin
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Nour Méribout
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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22
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Yao H, Yan J, Yin L, Chen W. Picroside II alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by suppressing the production of NLRP3 inflammasomes through NF-κB signaling pathway. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:437-446. [PMID: 35293848 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2054425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common acute or chronic intestinal disease with the imbalance of inflammation. Picroside II (P-II) exerts the protective role in various inflammation-related diseases. However, the effect of P-II on UC is still unclear. OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of P-II on UC and its potential mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 were treated with phorbol ester (PMA) to differentiate into macrophage. The differentiated THP-1 cells were hatched with LPS combined with ATP or Nigericin to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro. The UC model was constructed by injection of DSS into mice. RESULTS The maximum non-toxic concentration of P-II on THP-1 cells was 60 μM. LPS combined with ATP or Nigericin stimulated the production of IL-1β, which was antagonized by P-II treatment. Meanwhile, P-II administration interfered the aggregation of ASC and the assembly of NLRP3 inflammasomes. Also, P-II treatment reduced the LPS and ATP-induced elevation of the relative protein expression of NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, IL-1β and p-p65/p65, and the concentration of TNF-α and IL-6. Besides, the NF-κB specific inhibitor BAY-117082 notably repressed the LPS together with ATP-enhanced the relative protein expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β. Moreover, in vivo results showed that P-II relieved the DDS-induced UC, as evidenced by the improvement of mice weight, DAI and pathological scores. In addition, P-II treatment notably decreased DDS-promoted expression of NLRP3 inflammasomes and inflammatory factors in vivo. CONCLUSION P-II alleviated DSS-induced UC by repressing the production of NLRP3 inflammasomes via NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixiang Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P R China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P R China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P R China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, P R China
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23
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Hezave YA, Sharifi Z, Kermani FR, Shahabi M. Association of the rs4143815 polymorphism of PDL1 gene with HTLV-1 infection and proviral load in asymptomatic blood donors in northeast Iran. Microbiol Immunol 2022; 66:324-329. [PMID: 35289428 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Obviously, genetic differences, including mutations and polymorphisms, can play an important role in viral infections, So in this case-control study, which contained 81 Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1(HTLV-1) asymptomatic carriers (ACs) and 162 healthy controls (HCs), the rs4143815 polymorphism of PDL1 gene investigated. This polymorphism is the site of miR-570 binding and it can influence immune system responses. The rs4143815 polymorphism was evaluated by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) and proviral load (PVL) levels by quantitative real-time PCR (q PCR). The results demonstrated that C allele (p=0.027) and CC genotype (p=0.031) of rs4143815 polymorphism was significantly higher in ACs than HCs group also, the PVL in ACs with C allele (p=0.020) was higher significantly. Thus, the rs4143815 polymorphism can play a vital role in HTLV-1 infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Amiri Hezave
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Sharifi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahime Ranjbar Kermani
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majide Shahabi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Li X, Jiang C, Wang Q, Yang S, Cao Y, Hao J, Niu D, Chen Y, Han B, Jia X, Zhang P, Li Y. A "Valve-Closing" Starvation Strategy for Amplification of Tumor-Specific Chemotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104671. [PMID: 35038243 PMCID: PMC8922125 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Starvation-dependent differential stress sensitization effect between normal and tumor cells provides a potentially promising strategy to amplify chemotherapy effects and reduce side effects. However, the conventional starvation approaches such as glucose oxidase (Gox)-induced glucose depletion and nanomedicine-enabled vascular embolism usually suffer from aggravated tumor hypoxia, systemic toxicity, and unpredictable metabolic syndrome. Herein, a novel "valve-closing" starvation strategy is developed to amplify the chemotherapy effects via closing the "valve" of glucose transported into tumor cells, which is accomplished by a glucose transporters 1 (GLUT1, valve of glucose uptake) inhibitor (Genistein, Gen) and chemotherapeutic agent (Curcumin, Cur) coloaded hybrid organosilica-micelles nanomedicine (designated as (Gen + Cur)@FOS) with controllable stability. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that (Gen + Cur)@FOS can effectively reduce glucose/adenosine triphosphate levels in tumor cells by inhibiting GLUT1 expression (i.e., "valve-closing") to induce the starvation of tumor cells, thus weakening the resistance of tumor cells to apoptosis caused by chemotherapy, and consequently contributing to the remarkably improved antitumor efficiency and minimized side effects based on the stress sensitization effect mediated by GLUT1 inhibition-induced starvation. This "valve-closing" starvation strategy provides a promising paradigm for the development of novel nanotherapeutics with amplified chemotherapy effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Li
- Lab of Low‐Dimensional Materials ChemistryKey Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationFrontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical NanomaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Cong Jiang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Lab of Low‐Dimensional Materials ChemistryKey Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationFrontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical NanomaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Shaobo Yang
- Lab of Low‐Dimensional Materials ChemistryKey Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationFrontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical NanomaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Lab of Low‐Dimensional Materials ChemistryKey Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationFrontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical NanomaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Ji‐Na Hao
- Lab of Low‐Dimensional Materials ChemistryKey Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationFrontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical NanomaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Dechao Niu
- Lab of Low‐Dimensional Materials ChemistryKey Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationFrontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical NanomaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Bo Han
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources of Ministry of EducationSchool of PharmacyShihezi UniversityShihezi832003P. R. China
| | - Xin Jia
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang BingtuanSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShihezi UniversityShihezi832003P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryShanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Lab of Low‐Dimensional Materials ChemistryKey Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationFrontier Science Center of the Materials Biology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical NanomaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources of Ministry of EducationSchool of PharmacyShihezi UniversityShihezi832003P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang BingtuanSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShihezi UniversityShihezi832003P. R. China
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25
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Viegas V, Burzlaff A, Brock TO, Danzeisen R. A tiered approach to investigate the inhalation toxicity of cobalt substances. Tier 3: Inflammatory response following acute inhalation exposure correlates with lower tier data. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 130:105127. [PMID: 35124137 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In vitro studies have shown that cobalt substances predominantly induce pre-inflammatory biomarkers, resulting in a grouping of substances either predicted to cause inflammation following inhalation, or those with a different reactivity profile (poorly-reactive). There is a lack of data on whole-organ lung responses following inhalation of these substances, especially relating to the poorly-reactive group. It is of interest to generate tissue-specific histopathological correlation to better ascertain the predictive nature of the lower tier tests (i.e. tier 1 - bioelution, tiers 2a and b - in vitro markers and ToxTracker testing), in order to understand the type of effects caused by the poorly-reactive group and to gauge long-term effects. Eight cobalt substances were tested in vivo in a customized four-hour toxicity test; with animals sacrificed up to 14-days post-exposure. Histopathological severity scores were assigned based on inflammatory and pre-carcinogenic markers. A clear pattern emerged, with the reactive substances causing a persistent increase in one or more of the selected markers, and absence of these markers with poorly-reactive substances. Longer-term studies should be conducted to investigate the repeated dose effects of the poorly-reactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Viegas
- Cobalt Institute, 18 Jeffries Passage, Guildford, GU1 4AP, UK.
| | - Arne Burzlaff
- EBRC Consulting GmbH, Raffaelstraße 4, 30177, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas O Brock
- Duke Occupational & Environmental Medicine, DUMC 3834, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Ruth Danzeisen
- Cobalt Institute, 18 Jeffries Passage, Guildford, GU1 4AP, UK.
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26
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Cecil DL, Gad EA, Corulli LR, Drovetto N, Lubet RA, Disis ML. COX-2 inhibitors decrease expression of PD-L1 in colon tumors and increase the influx of Type I tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022; 15:225-231. [PMID: 34987061 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is initiated under inflammatory conditions associated with upregulation of immune checkpoint proteins. We evaluated immune modulation induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents used for colon cancer prevention. Both celecoxib and naproxen inhibited polyp growth in APC Min mice. Treatment of mice with either drug significantly decreased PD-L1 expression on polyps in a dose dependent manner (p<0.0001 for both). The decrease in PD-L1 was associated with an influx of CD8+ T-cells into polyps (p<0.0001, celecoxib; p=0.048, naproxen) compared to lesions from untreated animals and correlated with disease control. Naproxen is a nonselective inhibitor of both COX-1 and COX-2, and we questioned the role of the different cyclooxygenases in PD-L1 regulation. Silencing either COX-2 or COX-1 RNA in the murine colon cancer cell line MC38, reduced PD-L1 expression by 86% in COX-2-silenced cells (p<0.0001) while there was little effect with COX-1 siRNA compared to control. Naproxen could inhibit the growth of MC38 in vivo. Naproxen treated mice demonstrated a significant reduction in MC38 growth as compared to control (p<0001). Both Tbet+ CD4 and CD8 tumor infiltrating T-cells (TIL) were significantly increased (p=0.04 and p=0.038 respectively) without a concurrent increase in GATA3+ TIL (p>0.05). CD8+ TIL highly expressed the activation marker, CD69. Not only was PD-L1 expression decreased on tumors, but LAG3+CD8+ T-cells and PD-1 and LAG3 expression on T-regulatory cells was also reduced (p=0.008 and p=0.002 respectively). These data demonstrate COX-2 inhibitors significantly decrease PD-L1 in colonic lesions and favorably impact the phenotype of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes to control tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise L Cecil
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington
| | - Ekram A Gad
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington
| | | | | | - Ronald A Lubet
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute
| | - Mary L Disis
- UW Medicine Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington
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27
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Daidzin inhibits growth and induces apoptosis through the JAK2/STAT3 in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:7077-7081. [PMID: 34867009 PMCID: PMC8626339 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Daidzin, 4′, 7-dihydroxyisoflavone is an isoflavonic phytoestrogen present in leguminous plants. Traditional Chinese medicine utilizes daidzin to treat various diseases such diarrhea, fever, hepatitis, cardiac problems etc. In current study we examined the anticancer activity of daidzin against human cervical cancer in vitro. HeLa, human cervical cancer cell line was purchased from ATCC and the cells were cultured with DMEM medium. The cytotoxic effect of daidzin against HeLa cell line was analyzed with MTT assay. The IC-50 value was obtained at 20 µM hence the cells were treated with 20 µM of daidzin for further analysis. ROS generation was assessed with DCFH-DA staining and the induction of apoptosis was examined with Rhoadmine-123 staining. Acridine orange and ethidium bromide staining was done to examine the apoptotic and viable cells. Further the matrigel cell adhesion assay was done to analyze the inhibitory property of daidzin against cancer cell adhesion. Apoptotic induction of daidzin was examined by estimating the levels of Caspase 8 & 9 using ELISA technique. Inflammatory and cell proliferation signaling proteins were analyzed with qPCR analysis to confirm the anticancer activity of daidzin against human cervical cancer HeLa cell line. Daidzin significantly generated ROS and altered the mitochondrial membrane permeability in HeLa cell line. The results of AO/EtBr staining prove daidzin induced apoptosis in HeLa cell line and it also inhibited the cell adhesion property of HeLa which is reported in our matrigel cell adhesion assay. It also increased the caspases 8 & 9 which are key regulators of apoptosis. Daidzin significantly decreased the expression of inflammatory gene and cell proliferating signaling molecule. To, conclude our results confirm daidzin effectively decreased inflammation and induced apoptosis in human cervical cancer HeLa cell line.
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28
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Wu CH, Hsu FT, Chao TL, Lee YH, Kuo YC. Revealing the suppressive role of protein kinase C delta and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/NF-κB axis associates with lenvatinib-inhibited progression in hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112437. [PMID: 34864311 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), an oncogenic transcription factor, modulates tumor formation and progression by inducing the expression of oncogenes involved in proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Oral multikinase inhibitors, such as sorafenib, regorafenib, and lenvatinib have been used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Both sorafenib and regorafenib were shown to abolish the NF-κB-mediated progression of HCC. However, the effect of lenvatinib on NF-κB-mediated progression of HCC is ambiguous. Therefore, the primary purpose of the present study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of lenvatinib and its inhibitory mechanism on the NF-κB-mediated progression of HCC in vitro and in vivo. Here, we used two HCC cell lines to identify the cytotoxicity, apoptosis and metastasis effect of lenvatinib. We also applied a Hep3B-bearing animal model to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of lenvatinib on in vivo model. An NF-κB translocation assay, NF-κB reporter gene assay, a Western blotting assay and immunohistochemistry staining were used to investigate the underlying mechanism by which lenvatinib acts on HCC. In this study, we demonstrated that lenvatinib induced extrinsic/intrinsic apoptosis and suppressed the metastasis of HCC both in vitro and in vivo. Lenvatinib may also suppress NF-κB translocation and activation. We also found both protein kinase C delta (PKC-δ) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inactivation participated in lenvatinib-reduced NF-κB signaling. In conclusion, this study reveals that the suppression of PKC-δ, and the p38 MAPK/NF-κB axis is associated with the lenvatinib-inhibited progression of HCC in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hsuan Wu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 505, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fei-Ting Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Tsu-Lan Chao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Hao Lee
- Department of Radiation Physics, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yu-Cheng Kuo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, ROC; Department of Radiation Oncology, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC.
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29
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Whiteaker JR, Lundeen RA, Zhao L, Schoenherr RM, Burian A, Huang D, Voytovich U, Wang T, Kennedy JJ, Ivey RG, Lin C, Murillo OD, Lorentzen TD, Thiagarajan M, Colantonio S, Caceres TW, Roberts RR, Knotts JG, Reading JJ, Kaczmarczyk JA, Richardson CW, Garcia-Buntley SS, Bocik W, Hewitt SM, Murray KE, Do N, Brophy M, Wilz SW, Yu H, Ajjarapu S, Boja E, Hiltke T, Rodriguez H, Paulovich AG. Targeted Mass Spectrometry Enables Multiplexed Quantification of Immunomodulatory Proteins in Clinical Biospecimens. Front Immunol 2021; 12:765898. [PMID: 34858420 PMCID: PMC8632241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.765898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies are revolutionizing cancer care, producing durable responses and potentially cures in a subset of patients. However, response rates are low for most tumors, grade 3/4 toxicities are not uncommon, and our current understanding of tumor immunobiology is incomplete. While hundreds of immunomodulatory proteins in the tumor microenvironment shape the anti-tumor response, few of them can be reliably quantified. To address this need, we developed a multiplex panel of targeted proteomic assays targeting 52 peptides representing 46 proteins using peptide immunoaffinity enrichment coupled to multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry. We validated the assays in tissue and plasma matrices, where performance figures of merit showed over 3 orders of dynamic range and median inter-day CVs of 5.2% (tissue) and 21% (plasma). A feasibility study in clinical biospecimens showed detection of 48/52 peptides in frozen tissue and 38/52 peptides in plasma. The assays are publicly available as a resource for the research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R. Whiteaker
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Rachel A. Lundeen
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Lei Zhao
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Regine M. Schoenherr
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Aura Burian
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Dongqing Huang
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ulianna Voytovich
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Tao Wang
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jacob J. Kennedy
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Richard G. Ivey
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Chenwei Lin
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Oscar D. Murillo
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Travis D. Lorentzen
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Simona Colantonio
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Tessa W. Caceres
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Rhonda R. Roberts
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Joseph G. Knotts
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Joshua J. Reading
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Jan A. Kaczmarczyk
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Christopher W. Richardson
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Sandra S. Garcia-Buntley
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - William Bocik
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Antibody Characterization Lab, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Stephen M. Hewitt
- Experimental Pathology Laboratory, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Karen E. Murray
- Veteran’s Administration (VA) Cooperative Studies Program, Veteran’s Administration (VA) Boston Healthcare System (151MAV), Jamaica Plain, MA, United States
| | - Nhan Do
- Veteran’s Administration (VA) Cooperative Studies Program, Veteran’s Administration (VA) Boston Healthcare System (151MAV), Jamaica Plain, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mary Brophy
- Veteran’s Administration (VA) Cooperative Studies Program, Veteran’s Administration (VA) Boston Healthcare System (151MAV), Jamaica Plain, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stephen W. Wilz
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Program, Veteran’s Administration (VA) Boston Healthcare System, Jamaica Plain, MA, United States
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Program, Veteran’s Administration (VA) Boston Healthcare System, Jamaica Plain, MA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Samuel Ajjarapu
- Veteran’s Administration (VA) Cooperative Studies Program, Veteran’s Administration (VA) Boston Healthcare System (151MAV), Jamaica Plain, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emily Boja
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tara Hiltke
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Henry Rodriguez
- Office of Cancer Clinical Proteomics Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Amanda G. Paulovich
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
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Pucci M, Raimondo S, Urzì O, Moschetti M, Di Bella MA, Conigliaro A, Caccamo N, La Manna MP, Fontana S, Alessandro R. Tumor-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Induce Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Expression and PD-L1 Regulation in M0 Macrophages via IL-6/STAT3 and TLR4 Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12118. [PMID: 34829995 PMCID: PMC8621495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages play a key role in promoting tumor progression by exerting an immunosuppressive phenotype associated with the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). It is well known that tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) affect the tumor microenvironment, influencing TAM behavior. The present study aimed to examine the effect of SEVs derived from colon cancer and multiple myeloma cells on macrophage functions. Non-polarized macrophages (M0) differentiated from THP-1 cells were co-cultured with SEVs derived from a colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line, SW480, and a multiple myeloma (MM) cell line, MM1.S. The expression of PD-L1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and other inflammatory cytokines as well as of the underlying molecular mechanisms were evaluated. Our results indicate that SEVs can significantly upregulate the expressions of PD-L1 and IL-6 at both the mRNA and protein levels and can activate the STAT3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, we identified the TLR4/NF-kB pathway as a convergent mechanism for SEV-mediated PD-L1 expression. Overall, these preliminary data suggest that SEVs contribute to the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Pucci
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (S.R.); (O.U.); (M.M.); (M.A.D.B.); (A.C.); (N.C.); (M.P.L.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (S.R.); (O.U.); (M.M.); (M.A.D.B.); (A.C.); (N.C.); (M.P.L.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Ornella Urzì
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (S.R.); (O.U.); (M.M.); (M.A.D.B.); (A.C.); (N.C.); (M.P.L.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Marta Moschetti
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (S.R.); (O.U.); (M.M.); (M.A.D.B.); (A.C.); (N.C.); (M.P.L.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Di Bella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (S.R.); (O.U.); (M.M.); (M.A.D.B.); (A.C.); (N.C.); (M.P.L.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Alice Conigliaro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (S.R.); (O.U.); (M.M.); (M.A.D.B.); (A.C.); (N.C.); (M.P.L.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Nadia Caccamo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (S.R.); (O.U.); (M.M.); (M.A.D.B.); (A.C.); (N.C.); (M.P.L.M.); (R.A.)
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Pio La Manna
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (S.R.); (O.U.); (M.M.); (M.A.D.B.); (A.C.); (N.C.); (M.P.L.M.); (R.A.)
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Fontana
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (S.R.); (O.U.); (M.M.); (M.A.D.B.); (A.C.); (N.C.); (M.P.L.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.P.); (S.R.); (O.U.); (M.M.); (M.A.D.B.); (A.C.); (N.C.); (M.P.L.M.); (R.A.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
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Anticancer Targets and Signaling Pathways Activated by Britannin and Related Pseudoguaianolide Sesquiterpene Lactones. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101325. [PMID: 34680439 PMCID: PMC8533303 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are abundant in plants and display a large spectrum of bioactivities. The compound britannin (BRT), found in different Inula species, is a pseudoguaianolide-type SL equipped with a typical and highly reactive α-methylene-γ-lactone moiety. The bioproperties of BRT and related pseudoguaianolide SLs, including helenalin, gaillardin, bigelovin and others, have been reviewed. Marked anticancer activities of BRT have been evidenced in vitro and in vivo with different tumor models. Three main mechanisms are implicated: (i) interference with the NFκB/ROS pathway, a mechanism common to many other SL monomers and dimers; (ii) blockade of the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway, with a covalent binding to a cysteine residue of Keap1 via the reactive α-methylene unit of BRT; (iii) a modulation of the c-Myc/HIF-1α signaling axis leading to a downregulation of the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint and activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The non-specific reactivity of the α-methylene-γ-lactone moiety with the sulfhydryl groups of proteins is discussed. Options to reduce or abolish this reactivity have been proposed. Emphasis is placed on the capacity of BRT to modulate the tumor microenvironment and the immune-modulatory action of the natural product. The present review recapitulates the anticancer effects of BRT, some central concerns with SLs and discusses the implication of the PD1/PD-L1 checkpoint in its antitumor action.
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Analysis of Several Pathways for Efficient Killing of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells: A Central Role of NF-κB RELA. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168901. [PMID: 34445612 PMCID: PMC8396252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a common cause of death worldwide. Here, we isolated cancer stem cells (CSCs) from four adenocarcinomas of the prostate (Gleason scores from 3 + 3 up to 4 + 5). CSCs were characterized by the expression of the stem cell markers TWIST, the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM), the transcription factors SNAI1 (SNAIL) and SNAI2 (SLUG) and cancer markers such as CD44 and prominin-1 (CD133). All investigated CSC populations contained a fraction highly positive for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) function and displayed robust expressions of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) ligands. Furthermore, we investigated immunotherapeutic approaches but had no success even with the clinically used PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab. In addition, we studied another death-inducing pathway via interferon gamma signaling and detected high-level upregulations of human leukocyte antigen A (HLA-A) and beta 2-microglobulin (B2M) with only moderate killing efficacy. To examine further killing mechanisms in prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), we analyzed NF-κB signaling. Surprisingly, two patient-specific populations of PCSCs were found: one with canonical NF-κB signaling and another one with blunted NF-κB activation, which can be efficiently killed by tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Thus, culturing of PCSCs and analysis of respective NF-κB induction potency after surgery might be a powerful tool for optimizing patient-specific treatment options, such as the use of TNF-inducing chemotherapeutics and/or NF-κB inhibitors.
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Gilmore TD. NF-κB and Human Cancer: What Have We Learned over the Past 35 Years? Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080889. [PMID: 34440093 PMCID: PMC8389606 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor NF-κB has been extensively studied for its varied roles in cancer development since its initial characterization as a potent retroviral oncogene. It is now clear that NF-κB also plays a major role in a large variety of human cancers, including especially ones of immune cell origin. NF-κB is generally constitutively or aberrantly activated in human cancers where it is involved. These activations can occur due to mutations in the NF-κB transcription factors themselves, in upstream regulators of NF-κB, or in pathways that impact NF-κB. In addition, NF-κB can be activated by tumor-assisting processes such as inflammation, stromal effects, and genetic or epigenetic changes in chromatin. Aberrant NF-κB activity can affect many tumor-associated processes, including cell survival, cell cycle progression, inflammation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and regulatory T cell function. As such, inhibition of NF-κB has often been investigated as an anticancer strategy. Nevertheless, with a few exceptions, NF-κB inhibition has had limited success in human cancer treatment. This review covers general themes that have emerged regarding the biological roles and mechanisms by which NF-κB contributes to human cancers and new thoughts on how NF-κB may be targeted for cancer prognosis or therapy.
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NF-κB in Gastric Cancer Development and Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080870. [PMID: 34440074 PMCID: PMC8389569 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is considered one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide and, thus, a major health problem. A variety of environmental factors including physical and chemical noxae, as well as pathogen infections could contribute to the development of gastric cancer. The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and its dysregulation has a major impact on gastric carcinogenesis due to the regulation of cytokines/chemokines, growth factors, anti-apoptotic factors, cell cycle regulators, and metalloproteinases. Changes in NF-κB signaling are directed by genetic alterations in the transcription factors themselves, but also in NF-κB signaling molecules. NF-κB actively participates in the crosstalk of the cells in the tumor micromilieu with divergent effects on the heterogeneous tumor cell and immune cell populations. Thus, the benefits/consequences of therapeutic targeting of NF-κB have to be carefully evaluated. In this review, we address recent knowledge about the mechanisms and consequences of NF-κB dysregulation in gastric cancer development and therapy.
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Yang D, Gu X, Li C, Shi J, Chen Y, Dong M, Zhang Z. BCL7B is a potential novel diagnosis and prognosis biomarker for sarcomas using bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26632. [PMID: 34260555 PMCID: PMC8284715 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BCL7B plays a potential role in the progression of various cancers, while its role in sarcomas is unknown. We aimed to evaluate BCL7B's diagnostic and prognostic value, and potential BCL7B-related mechanisms in sarcomas based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We collected patients with sarcoma from TCGA. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the expression of BCL7B in sarcoma samples with different clinical-pathologic features. Univariate Cox regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate prognosis factors for sarcoma. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to elucidate the significant functions and pathways associated with BCL7B. BCL7B was a potential biomarker for distinguishing normal and tumor tissues with the analysis of ROC curve (AUC = 0.588). Low BCL7B expression was significantly correlated with tumor multifocal (OR = 0.39 for yes vs no), larger residual tumor (OR = 0.40 for R1,R2 vs RO), male gender (OR = 0.48 for male vs female) and White race (OR = 0.29 for White vs Asian, Black or African American). High BCL7B expression was correlated with leiomyosarcoma histological type (OR = 6.08 for leiomyosarcoma vs dedifferentiated liposarcoma, pleomorphic sarcoma). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that low BCL7B expression was independently associated with poor overall survival (P = .008). GSEA showed that GPCR (G protein-coupled receptors) ligand binding, secreted factors, class A1 rhodopsin-like receptors, extracellular matrix organization, core matrisome, Fc epsilon receptor I mediated NF-κB activation, and WNT signaling pathway were differentially enriched in BCL7B low expression phenotype (|NES| > 1, adjusted P value <.05, and FDR value <0.25). BCL7B may play an important role in sarcoma progression and may be a potential biomarker for prognosis and diagnosis in sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinglong Yang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Xiaodong Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chunjiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junjun Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yujing Chen
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingjie Dong
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Guan R, Lyu Q, Lin A, Liang J, Ding W, Cao M, Luo P, Zhang J. Influence of Different Age Cutoff Points on the Prediction of Prognosis of Cancer Patients Receiving ICIs and Potential Mechanistic Exploration. Front Oncol 2021; 11:670927. [PMID: 34249711 PMCID: PMC8260982 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.670927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Age is a potential predictive marker for the prognosis of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), but the appropriate age cutoff point is still controversial. We aimed to explore the influence of different age cutoff points on the prediction of prognosis for patients receiving ICIs and explore the mechanism underlying the appropriate age cutoff point from the aspects of gene mutation and expression, immune cell infiltration and so on. We applied cutoff points of 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, and 75 years old to divide 1660 patients from the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) immunotherapy cohort into older and younger groups and performed survival analysis of the six subgroups. The results showed that older patients had better survival than younger patients in accordance with the cutoff point of 50 years old [median overall survival (OS) (95% CI): 13.0 (10.5-15.5) months vs. 20.0 (16.7-23.3) months; p=0.002; unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI): 0.77 (0.65-0.91)], whereas no significant difference was observed with other cutoff points. Further analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the MSKCC immunotherapy cohort data showed that the tumor mutation burden (TMB), neoantigen load (NAL), DNA damage response and repair (DDR) pathway mutation status, mutation frequencies of most genes (except IDH1, BRAF and ATRX), the expression of most immune-related genes and the degree of infiltration of most immune cells (such as CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages) were higher in the elderly group (aged ≥50 years).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guan
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Lyu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyi Liang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Ding
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manming Cao
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Shen J, Liu T, Bei Q, Xu S. Comprehensive Landscape of Ovarian Cancer Immune Microenvironment Based on Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:685065. [PMID: 34222009 PMCID: PMC8247482 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.685065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer has a low response rate to immunotherapy and a complex immune microenvironment that regulates its treatment outcomes. Understanding the immune microenvironment and its molecular basis is of great clinical significance in the effort to improve immunotherapy response and outcomes. To determine the characteristics of the immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer, we stratified ovarian cancer patients into three immune subtypes (C1, C2, and C3) using immune-related genes based on gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and found that these three subtypes had significant differences in immune characteristics and prognosis. Methylation and copy number variant analysis showed that the immune checkpoint genes that influenced immune response were significantly hypermethylated and highly deleted in the immunosuppressive C3 subtype, suggesting that epigenetic therapy may be able to reverse the efficacy of immunotherapy. In addition, the mutation frequencies of BRCA2 and CDK12 were significantly higher in the C2 subtype than in the other two subtypes, suggesting that mutation of DNA repair-related genes significantly affects the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. Our study further elucidated the molecular characteristics of the immune microenvironment of ovarian cancer, which providing an effective hierarchical method for the immunotherapy of ovarian cancer patients, and has clinical relevance to the design of new immunotherapies and a reasonable combination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingwei Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaoli Bei
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Establishment and validation of immune microenvironmental gene signatures for predicting prognosis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 97:107817. [PMID: 34091115 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells influencing the microenvironment are essential for restrained immunity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). There has been considerable progress in the research on monoclonal antibodies for antigen-specific immunotherapy that overcome immunosuppressive checkpoint receptor/ligand signaling in patients with HNSCC. However, alteration of immunogenicity and formation of neoantigens that lead to dysregulation and immunosuppression in the HNSCC microenvironment is not well-defined. The aim of this study was to quantify the Immune, Stromal, and ESTIMATE scores based on the gene matrix of patients with HNSCC reported in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We examined the association of the Immune, Stromal, and ESTIMATE scores with the pathologic characteristics of patients with HNSCC, using weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses, and selected 17 hub gene signatures from the key gene module that was mostly correlated to immunocyte infiltration. Gene functional enrichment showed that this key gene module was closely related to the regulation of immune cell activation and its relevant pathways. In the prognostic analysis, high expression of CD3E, SASH3, CD2, SIRPG, UBASH3A, IKZF1, SPN, IL10RA, SLA, and CD3G was significantly associated with a good prognosis. Consequently, these prognosis-related genes were validated via analysis of mRNA expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and matched peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) in ten patients with HNSCC, and the expression of these genes was significantly higher in TILs compared to that in PBLs. These findings provide a novel understanding of the tumor immune targets for improved therapeutic regimes in patients with HNSCC.
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Lemasson Q, Akil H, Feuillard J, Vincent-Fabert C. Genetically Engineered Mouse Models Support a Major Role of Immune Checkpoint-Dependent Immunosurveillance Escape in B-Cell Lymphomas. Front Immunol 2021; 12:669964. [PMID: 34113345 PMCID: PMC8186831 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
These last 20 years, research on immune tumor microenvironment led to identify some critical recurrent mechanisms used in cancer to escape immune response. Through immune checkpoints, which are cell surface molecules involved in the immune system control, it is now established that tumor cells are able to shutdown the immune response. Due to the complexity and heterogeneity of Non Hodgkin B-cell Lymphomas (NHBLs), it is difficult to understand the precise mechanisms of immune escape and to explain the mitigated effect of immune checkpoints blockade for their treatment. Because genetically engineered mouse models are very reliable tools to improve our understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in B-cell transformation and, at the same time, can be useful preclinical models to predict immune response, we reviewed hereafter some of these models that highlight the immune escape mechanisms of NHBLs and open perspectives on future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Lemasson
- UMR CNRS 7276/INSERM U1262 CRIBL, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Hussein Akil
- UMR CNRS 7276/INSERM U1262 CRIBL, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Jean Feuillard
- UMR CNRS 7276/INSERM U1262 CRIBL, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Christelle Vincent-Fabert
- UMR CNRS 7276/INSERM U1262 CRIBL, University of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
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Messeha SS, Zarmouh NO, Soliman KFA. Polyphenols Modulating Effects of PD-L1/PD-1 Checkpoint and EMT-Mediated PD-L1 Overexpression in Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051718. [PMID: 34069461 PMCID: PMC8159140 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating dietary polyphenolic compounds as antitumor agents are rising due to the growing evidence of the close association between immunity and cancer. Cancer cells elude immune surveillance for enhancing their progression and metastasis utilizing various mechanisms. These mechanisms include the upregulation of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) cell phenotype activation. In addition to its role in stimulating normal embryonic development, EMT has been identified as a critical driver in various aspects of cancer pathology, including carcinogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Furthermore, EMT conversion to another phenotype, Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition (MET), is crucial in developing cancer metastasis. A central mechanism in the upregulation of PD-L1 expression in various cancer types is EMT signaling activation. In breast cancer (BC) cells, the upregulated level of PD-L1 has become a critical target in cancer therapy. Various signal transduction pathways are involved in EMT-mediated PD-L1 checkpoint overexpression. Three main groups are considered potential targets in EMT development; the effectors (E-cadherin and Vimentin), the regulators (Zeb, Twist, and Snail), and the inducers that include members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). Meanwhile, the correlation between consuming flavonoid-rich food and the lower risk of cancers has been demonstrated. In BC, polyphenols were found to downregulate PD-L1 expression. This review highlights the effects of polyphenols on the EMT process by inhibiting mesenchymal proteins and upregulating the epithelial phenotype. This multifunctional mechanism could hold promises in the prevention and treating breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia S. Messeha
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Najla O. Zarmouh
- Faculty of Medical Technology-Misrata, Libyan National Board for Technical & Vocational Education, Misrata LY72, Libya;
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-850-599-3306; Fax: +1-850-599-3667
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Han D, Zhang N, Zhao S, Liu H, Wang X, Yang M, Wang S, Li Y, Liu Z, Teng L. AKIP1 promotes glioblastoma viability, mobility and chemoradiation resistance via regulating CXCL1 and CXCL8 mediated NF-κB and AKT pathways. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1185-1205. [PMID: 33948353 PMCID: PMC8085855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the interaction of A-kinase-interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) with C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)1, CXCL2, CXCL8, and their effects on regulating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) malignant behaviors. AKIP1 expression was modified by pcDNA and pGPH1 vectors in U-87 MG and U-251 MG cells. Subsequently, multiple compensative experiments were conducted via adding CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL8 in the pGPH1-AKIP1 (AKIP1 knockdown) transfected U-87 MG and U-251 MG cells, respectively. Furthermore, AKIP1, CXCL1/2/8 expressions in 10 GBM and 10 low-grade glioma (LGG) tumor samples were detected. AKIP1 was elevated in various GBM cell lines compared to normal human astrocytes. AKIP1 overexpression promoted U-87 MG and U-251 MG cell proliferation and invasion while inhibited apoptosis; and it enhanced chemoresistance to temozolomide (but not cisplatin) and radiation resistance; then AKIP1 knockdown showed the opposite effects. Meanwhile, AKIP1 positively regulated CXCL1/2/8, NF-κB pathway, AKT pathway and PD-L1 expression. Further multiple compensative experiments uncovered that CXCL1 and CXCL8 promoted proliferation, invasion, chemoradiation resistance, NF-κB pathway, AKT pathway and PD-L1 expression in U-87 MG and U-251 MG cells, also in pGPH1-AKIP1 (AKIP1 knockdown) transfected U-87 MG and U-251 MG cells; although CXCL2 exhibited similar treads, but its effect was much weaker. Besides, NF-κB pathway inhibitor and AKT pathway inhibitor attenuated the effect of CXCL1&CXCL8 on promoting GBM cell malignant behaviors. Clinically AKIP1 and CXCL1/8 were elevated in GBM compared to LGG tumor samples, and they were inter-correlated. AKIP1 promotes GBM viability, mobility and chemoradiation resistance via regulating CXCL1 and CXCL8 mediated NF-κB and AKT pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityNangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityNangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shu Zhao
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityNangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Huailei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityNangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityNangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Mingchun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityNangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shengtao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityNangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityNangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhanwen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityNangang District, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Lei Teng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical UniversityNangang District, Harbin 150001, China
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Cao S, Tang J, Huang Y, Li G, Li Z, Cai W, Yuan Y, Liu J, Huang X, Zhang H. The Road of Solid Tumor Survival: From Drug-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Drug Resistance. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:620514. [PMID: 33928116 PMCID: PMC8076597 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.620514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), which refers to a series of adaptive responses to the disruption of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis, occurs when cells are treated by drugs or undergo microenvironmental changes that cause the accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins. ERS is one of the key responses during the drug treatment of solid tumors. Drugs induce ERS by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and Ca2+ overload. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is one of ERS. Studies have indicated that the mechanism of ERS-mediated drug resistance is primarily associated with UPR, which has three main sensors (PERK, IRE1α, and ATF6). ERS-mediated drug resistance in solid tumor cells is both intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic ERS in the solid tumor cells, the signal pathway of UPR-mediated drug resistance, includes apoptosis inhibition signal pathway, protective autophagy signal pathway, ABC transporter signal pathway, Wnt/β-Catenin signal pathway, and noncoding RNA. Among them, apoptosis inhibition is one of the major causes of drug resistance. Drugs activate ERS and its downstream antiapoptotic proteins, which leads to drug resistance. Protective autophagy promotes the survival of solid tumor cells by devouring the damaged organelles and other materials and providing new energy for the cells. ERS induces protective autophagy by promoting the expression of autophagy-related genes, such as Beclin-1 and ATG5–ATG12. ABC transporters pump drugs out of the cell, which reduces the drug-induced apoptosis effect and leads to drug resistance. In addition, the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway is also involved in the drug resistance of solid tumor cells. Furthermore, noncoding RNA regulates the ERS-mediated survival and death of solid tumor cells. Extrinsic ERS in the solid tumor cells, such as ERS in immune cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME), also plays a crucial role in drug resistance by triggering immunosuppression. In immune system cells, ERS in dendritic cells (DCs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) influences the antitumor function of normal T cells, which results in immunosuppression. Meanwhile, ERS in T cells can also cause impaired functioning and apoptosis, leading to immunosuppression. In this review, we highlight the core molecular mechanism of drug-induced ERS involved in drug resistance, thereby providing a new strategy for solid tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulong Cao
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Tang
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yichun Huang
- Clinical Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Gaofeng Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhuoya Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Cai
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yuning Yuan
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Junlong Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xuqun Huang
- Edong Healthcare Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, China
| | - Haiyuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Pellegrino M, Del Bufalo F, De Angelis B, Quintarelli C, Caruana I, de Billy E. Manipulating the Metabolism to Improve the Efficacy of CAR T-Cell Immunotherapy. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010014. [PMID: 33374128 PMCID: PMC7824126 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The adoptive transfer of the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expressing T-cells has produced unprecedented successful results in the treatment of B-cell malignancies. However, the use of this technology in other malignancies remains less effective. In the setting of solid neoplasms, CAR T-cell metabolic fitness needs to be optimal to reach the tumor and execute their cytolytic function in an environment often hostile. It is now well established that both tumor and T cell metabolisms play critical roles in controlling the immune response by conditioning the tumor microenvironment and the fate and activity of the T cells. In this review, after a brief description of the tumoral and T cell metabolic reprogramming, we summarize the latest advances and new strategies that have been developed to improve the metabolic fitness and efficacy of CAR T-cell products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marsha Pellegrino
- Department of Onco-hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital–IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (F.D.B.); (B.D.A.); (C.Q.); (I.C.)
| | - Francesca Del Bufalo
- Department of Onco-hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital–IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (F.D.B.); (B.D.A.); (C.Q.); (I.C.)
| | - Biagio De Angelis
- Department of Onco-hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital–IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (F.D.B.); (B.D.A.); (C.Q.); (I.C.)
| | - Concetta Quintarelli
- Department of Onco-hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital–IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (F.D.B.); (B.D.A.); (C.Q.); (I.C.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, 81100 Naples, Italy
| | - Ignazio Caruana
- Department of Onco-hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital–IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (F.D.B.); (B.D.A.); (C.Q.); (I.C.)
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children’s Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Emmanuel de Billy
- Department of Onco-hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital–IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (F.D.B.); (B.D.A.); (C.Q.); (I.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-6859-3516
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Abstract
The role of NF-κB in all diseases characterized by an inflammatory process, from cancer to autoimmune diseases, is known, but-precisely because it is involved in many diseases-this transcriptional factor continues to attract scientific research and the new knowledge that emerges is fundamental in highlighting the therapeutic potential that this factor can have in the various diseases in which it is involved [...].
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Antonangeli F, Natalini A, Garassino MC, Sica A, Santoni A, Di Rosa F. Regulation of PD-L1 Expression by NF-κB in Cancer. Front Immunol 2020; 11:584626. [PMID: 33324403 PMCID: PMC7724774 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.584626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints are inhibitory receptor/ligand pairs regulating immunity that are exploited as key targets of anti-cancer therapy. Although the PD-1/PD-L1 pair is one of the most studied immune checkpoints, several aspects of its biology remain to be clarified. It has been established that PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor up-regulated by activated T, B, and NK lymphocytes and that its ligand PD-L1 mediates a negative feedback of lymphocyte activation, contributing to the restoration of the steady state condition after acute immune responses. This loop might become detrimental in the presence of either a chronic infection or a growing tumor. PD-L1 expression in tumors is currently used as a biomarker to orient therapeutic decisions; nevertheless, our knowledge about the regulation of PD-L1 expression is limited. The present review discusses how NF-κB, a master transcription factor of inflammation and immunity, is emerging as a key positive regulator of PD-L1 expression in cancer. NF-κB directly induces PD-L1 gene transcription by binding to its promoter, and it can also regulate PD-L1 post-transcriptionally through indirect pathways. These processes, which under conditions of cellular stress and acute inflammation drive tissue homeostasis and promote tissue healing, are largely dysregulated in tumors. Up-regulation of PD-L1 in cancer cells is controlled via NF-κB downstream of several signals, including oncogene- and stress-induced pathways, inflammatory cytokines, and chemotherapeutic drugs. Notably, a shared signaling pathway in epithelial cancers induces both PD-L1 expression and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, suggesting that PD-L1 is part of the tissue remodeling program. Furthermore, PD-L1 expression by tumor infiltrating myeloid cells can contribute to the immune suppressive features of the tumor environment. A better understanding of the interplay between NF-κB signaling and PD-L1 expression is highly relevant to cancer biology and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Antonangeli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Ambra Natalini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Chiara Garassino
- Medical Oncology Department, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Sica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, A. Avogadro, Novara, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Rosa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
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Kravtsova-Ivantsiv Y, Goldhirsh G, Ivantsiv A, Ben Itzhak O, Kwon YT, Pikarsky E, Ciechanover A. Excess of the NF-ĸB p50 subunit generated by the ubiquitin ligase KPC1 suppresses tumors via PD-L1- and chemokines-mediated mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:29823-29831. [PMID: 33168738 PMCID: PMC7703627 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019604117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-ĸB (NF-ĸB) transcription factor is a family of essential regulators of the immune response and cell proliferation and transformation. A typical factor is a heterodimer made of either p50 or p52, which are limited processing products of either p105 or p100, respectively, and a member of the Rel family of proteins, typically p65. The transcriptional program of NF-ĸB is tightly regulated by the composition of the dimers. In our previous work, we demonstrated that the ubiquitin ligase KPC1 is involved in ubiquitination and proteasomal processing of p105 to generate p50. Its overexpression and the resulting high level of p50 stimulates transcription of a broad array of tumor suppressors. Here we demonstrate that additional mechanisms are involved in the p50-mediated tumor-suppressive effect. p50 down-regulates expression of a major immune checkpoint inhibitor, the programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), both in cells and in tumors. Importantly, the suppression is abrogated by overexpression of p65. This highlights the importance of the cellular quantities of the two different subunits of NF-ĸB which determine the composition of the dimer. While the putative p50 homodimer is tumor-suppressive, the "canonical" p50p65 heterodimer is oncogenic. We found that an additional mechanism is involved in the tumor-suppressive phenomenon: p50 up-regulates expression of the proinflammatory chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, which in turn recruit into the tumors active natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages. Overall, p50 acts as a strong tumor suppressor via multiple mechanisms, including overexpression of tumor suppressors and modulation of the tumor microenvironment by recruiting active immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Kravtsova-Ivantsiv
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3109601 Haifa, Israel
| | - Gilad Goldhirsh
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3109601 Haifa, Israel
| | - Alexandra Ivantsiv
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3109601 Haifa, Israel
| | - Ofer Ben Itzhak
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3109601 Haifa, Israel
- Department of Pathology, Rambam Health Care Campus, 3109601 Haifa, Israel
| | - Yong Tae Kwon
- Protein Metabolism Medical Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-799, South Korea
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 9112000 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aaron Ciechanover
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, and the Rappaport Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3109601 Haifa, Israel;
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