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Falfushynska H, Rychter P, Boshtova A, Faidiuk Y, Kasianchuk N, Rzymski P. Illicit Drugs in Surface Waters: How to Get Fish off the Addictive Hook. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:537. [PMID: 38675497 PMCID: PMC11054822 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The United Nations World Drug Report published in 2022 alarmed that the global market of illicit drugs is steadily expanding in space and scale. Substances of abuse are usually perceived in the light of threats to human health and public security, while the environmental aspects of their use and subsequent emissions usually remain less explored. However, as with other human activities, drug production, trade, and consumption of drugs may leave their environmental mark. Therefore, this paper aims to review the occurrence of illicit drugs in surface waters and their bioaccumulation and toxicity in fish. Illicit drugs of different groups, i.e., psychostimulants (methamphetamines/amphetamines, cocaine, and its metabolite benzoylecgonine) and depressants (opioids: morphine, heroin, methadone, fentanyl), can reach the aquatic environment through wastewater discharge as they are often not entirely removed during wastewater treatment processes, resulting in their subsequent circulation in nanomolar concentrations, potentially affecting aquatic biota, including fish. Exposure to such xenobiotics can induce oxidative stress and dysfunction to mitochondrial and lysosomal function, distort locomotion activity by regulating the dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems, increase the predation risk, instigate neurological disorders, disbalance neurotransmission, and produce histopathological alterations in the brain and liver tissues, similar to those described in mammals. Hence, this drugs-related multidimensional harm to fish should be thoroughly investigated in line with environmental protection policies before it is too late. At the same time, selected fish species (e.g., Danio rerio, zebrafish) can be employed as models to study toxic and binge-like effects of psychoactive, illicit compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Falfushynska
- Faculty of Economics, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, 06406 Bernburg, Germany
| | - Piotr Rychter
- Faculty of Science & Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Częstochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42200 Czestochowa, Poland;
| | | | - Yuliia Faidiuk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53114 Wrocław, Poland;
- Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 2 Prospekt Hlushkov, 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 154 Zabolotny Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nadiia Kasianchuk
- Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61712 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Piotr Rzymski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60806 Poznań, Poland;
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2
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Cui X, Li J, Wang C, Ishaq HM, Zhang R, Yang F. Relationship between sphingolipids-mediated neuroinflammation and alcohol use disorder. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2024; 235:173695. [PMID: 38128765 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder is a chronic recurrent encephalopathy, and its pathogenesis has not been fully understood. Among possible explanations, neuroinflammation caused by the disorders of brain central immune signaling has been identified as one possible mechanism of alcohol use disorder. As the basic components of cells and important bioactive molecules, sphingolipids are essential in regulating many cellular activities. Recent studies have shown that sphingolipids-mediated neuroinflammation may be involved in the development of alcohol use disorder. METHODS PubMed databases were searched for literature on sphingolipids and alcohol use disorder (alcohol abuse, alcohol addiction, alcohol dependence, and alcohol misuse) including evidence of the relationship between sphingolipids-mediated neuroinflammation and alcohol use disorder (formation, withdrawal, treatment). RESULTS Disorders of sphingolipid metabolism, including the different types of sphingolipids and regulatory enzyme activity, have been found in patients with alcohol use disorder as well as animal models, which in turn cause neuro-inflammation in the central nervous system. Thus, these disorders may also be an important mechanism in the development of alcohol use disorder in patients. In addition, different sphingolipids may have different or even reverse effects on alcohol use disorder. CONCLUSIONS The sphingolipids-mediated neuroinflammation plays an important role in the development of alcohol use disorder. This review proposes a potential approach to prevent and treat alcohol use disorders by manipulating sphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoJian Cui
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China; Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - JiaZhen Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - ChuanSheng Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - RuiLin Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China; Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
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Jang WJ, Lee S, Jeong CH. Uncovering transcriptomic biomarkers for enhanced diagnosis of methamphetamine use disorder: a comprehensive review. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1302994. [PMID: 38260797 PMCID: PMC10800441 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1302994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive Methamphetamine (MA) use despite its detrimental effects on physical, psychological, and social well-being. The development of MUD is a complex process that involves the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The treatment of MUD remains a significant challenge, with no FDA-approved pharmacotherapies currently available. Current diagnostic criteria for MUD rely primarily on self-reporting and behavioral assessments, which have inherent limitations owing to their subjective nature. This lack of objective biomarkers and unidimensional approaches may not fully capture the unique features and consequences of MA addiction. Methods We performed a literature search for this review using the Boolean search in the PubMed database. Results This review explores existing technologies for identifying transcriptomic biomarkers for MUD diagnosis. We examined non-invasive tissues and scrutinized transcriptomic biomarkers relevant to MUD. Additionally, we investigated transcriptomic biomarkers identified for diagnosing, predicting, and monitoring MUD in non-invasive tissues. Discussion Developing and validating non-invasive MUD biomarkers could address these limitations, foster more precise and reliable diagnostic approaches, and ultimately enhance the quality of care for individuals with MA addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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4
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de Souza HMR, Pereira TTP, de Sá HC, Alves MA, Garrett R, Canuto GAB. Critical Factors in Sample Collection and Preparation for Clinical Metabolomics of Underexplored Biological Specimens. Metabolites 2024; 14:36. [PMID: 38248839 PMCID: PMC10819689 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This review article compiles critical pre-analytical factors for sample collection and extraction of eight uncommon or underexplored biological specimens (human breast milk, ocular fluids, sebum, seminal plasma, sweat, hair, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid) under the perspective of clinical metabolomics. These samples are interesting for metabolomics studies as they reflect the status of living organisms and can be applied for diagnostic purposes and biomarker discovery. Pre-collection and collection procedures are critical, requiring protocols to be standardized to avoid contamination and bias. Such procedures must consider cleaning the collection area, sample stimulation, diet, and food and drug intake, among other factors that impact the lack of homogeneity of the sample group. Precipitation of proteins and removal of salts and cell debris are the most used sample preparation procedures. This review intends to provide a global view of the practical aspects that most impact results, serving as a starting point for the designing of metabolomic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hygor M. R. de Souza
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, LabMeta—LADETEC, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
| | - Tássia T. P. Pereira
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolucao, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
- Departamento de Biodiversidade, Evolução e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Hanna C. de Sá
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil;
| | - Marina A. Alves
- Instituto de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais Walter Mors, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil;
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, LabMeta—LADETEC, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gisele A. B. Canuto
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil;
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Ran R, Zhong X, Yang Y, Tang X, Shi M, Jiang X, Lin A, Gan X, Yu T, Hu L, Dong X, Han TL. Metabolomic profiling identifies hair as a robust biological sample for identifying women with cervical cancer. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 40:75. [PMID: 36609777 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics serves as a useful tool for identifying biomarkers of disease and uncovering pathogenic mechanisms. However, most metabolomic studies use biological fluids such as blood and urine as biospecimens, which could be dramatically influenced by daily activities and dietary variation, resulting in measurement fluctuations. In contrast, hair may serve as a robust source of stable longitudinal metabolite information. Here, we conducted a pilot study to investigate the possibility of using hair as a biospecimen for the metabolomic analysis of cervical cancer. Hair, plasma, urine, and cervical tissue samples from cervical cancer and benign tumor patients were collected. Biospecimens were then tested using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomic platform. The expressions of enzymatic genes related to metabolic changes were validated using qPCR. Statistical analyses were calculated via the R-console platform. Metabolite profiles in both hair and cervical tissue samples were significantly different between cancer and control groups, while no difference was observed in plasma and urine samples. Further analysis showed that most of the altered metabolites in hair were upregulated, and they had a negative correlation with those in the cervical tissue. Eight common metabolites showed an area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve greater than 0.95. These metabolites primarily participated in amino acid metabolism, cofactor synthesis, ferroptosis, and glycolysis. The gene expressions (IDH1, OGDH, GLUD1, ENO1, GSS, and GPX4) associated with the shortlisted metabolic pathways were also upregulated. Our study is the first to reveal metabolomic changes of hair in cervical cancer patients and demonstrates the potential for the hair metabolome to be used for biomarker identification in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaocui Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xianglan Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Manlin Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xingwei Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Anping Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoling Gan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tinghe Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaojing Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ting-Li Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand.
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Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023; 277:299-337. [PMID: 36253554 DOI: 10.1007/164_2022_609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a debilitating side effect of many common anti-cancer agents that can lead to dose reduction or treatment discontinuation, which decrease chemotherapy efficacy. Long-term CIPN can interfere with activities of daily living and diminish the quality of life. The mechanism of CIPN is not yet fully understood, and biomarkers are needed to identify patients at high risk and potential treatment targets. Metabolomics can capture the complex behavioral and pathophysiological processes involved in CIPN. This chapter is to review the CIPN metabolomics studies to find metabolic pathways potentially involved in CIPN. These potential CIPN metabolites are then investigated to determine whether there is evidence from studies of other neuropathy etiologies such as diabetic neuropathy and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy to support the importance of these pathways in peripheral neuropathy. Six potential biomarkers and their putative mechanisms in peripheral neuropathy were reviewed. Among these biomarkers, histidine and phenylalanine have clear roles in neurotransmission or neuroinflammation in peripheral neuropathy. Further research is needed to discover and validate CIPN metabolomics biomarkers in large clinical studies.
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Cheng Z, Peng Y, Wen J, Chen W, Pan W, Xu X, Lu X, Cai Q, Ge F, Fan Y, Wang J, Guan X. Sex-specific metabolic signatures in methamphetamine addicts. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13255. [PMID: 36577725 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a commonly abused addictive psychostimulant, and METH-induced neurotoxic and behavioural deficits are in a sex-specific manner. However, there is lack of biomarkers to evaluate METH addiction in clinical practice, especially for gender differences. We utilized ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) to detect the serum metabolomics in METH addicts and controls, specially exploring the sex-specific metabolic alterations by METH abuse. We found that many differently expressed metabolites in METH addicts related to metabolisms of amino acid, energy, vitamin and neurological disorders. Further, METH abuse caused different patterns of metabolomics in a sex-specific manner. As to amino acid metabolism, L-phenylalanine, L-tryptophan and L-histidine in serum of male addicts and betaine in serum of female addicts were significantly changed by METH use. In addition, it seemed that purine and pyrimidine-related metabolites (e.g., xanthosine and adenosine 5'-monophosphate) in male and the metabolites of hormone (e.g., cortisol) and folate biosynthesis (e.g., 7,8-dihydrobiopterin and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid) in female were more sensitive to METH addiction. Our findings revealed that L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, alpha-ketoglutarate acid and citric acid may be potential biomarkers for monitoring METH addiction in clinic. Considering sex-specific toxicity by METH, the metabolites of purine and pyrimidine metabolism in male and those of stress-related hormones in female may be used to facilitate the accurate diagnosis and treatment for METH addicts of different genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqin Peng
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weichao Pan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Lu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinglong Cai
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feifei Ge
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Riley ED, Kazi DS, Coffin PO, Vittinghoff E, Wade AN, Bulfone TC, Lynch KL, Atai Z, Wu AH. Impact of multiple substance use on circulating ST2, a biomarker of adverse cardiac remodelling, in women. Biomarkers 2022; 27:802-808. [PMID: 36168954 PMCID: PMC9744090 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2129451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and heart failure (HF) are major causes of mortality in low-income populations and differ by sex. Risk assessment that incorporates cardiac biomarkers is common. However, research evaluating the utility of biomarkers rarely includes controlled substances, which may influence biomarker levels and thus influence CVD risk assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We identified the effects of multiple substances on soluble "suppression of tumorigenicity 2" (sST2), a biomarker of adverse cardiac remodelling, in 245 low-income women. Adjusting for CVD risk factors, we examined associations between substance use and sST2 over six monthly visits. RESULTS Median age was 53 years and 74% of participants were ethnic minority women. An sST2 level > 35 ng/mL (suggesting cardiac remodelling) during ≥1 study visit was observed in 44% of participants. In adjusted analysis, higher sST2 levels were significantly and positively associated with the presence of cocaine (Adjusted Linear Effect [ALE]:1.10; 95% CI:1.03-1.19), alcohol (ALE:1.10; 95% CI:1.04-1.17), heroin (ALE:1.25; 95% CI:1.10-1.43), and the interaction between heroin and fentanyl use. CONCLUSION Results suggest that the use of multiple substances influences the level of sST2, a biomarker often used to evaluate cardiovascular risk. Incorporating substance use alongside cardiac biomarkers may improve CVD risk assessment in vulnerable women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise D. Riley
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Dhruv S. Kazi
- Richard A. and Susan F. Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Phillip O. Coffin
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amanda N. Wade
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tommaso C. Bulfone
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kara L. Lynch
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Zahra Atai
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alan H.B. Wu
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
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Ross AB, Maes E, Lee EJ, Homewood I, Marsh JM, Davis SL, Willicut RJ. UV and visible light exposure to hair leads to widespread changes in the hair lipidome. Int J Cosmet Sci 2022; 44:672-684. [PMID: 35924329 PMCID: PMC9804959 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Scalp hair is among the most exposed parts of the human body, yet the impact of visible and UV light on hair lipids, an important structural component of hair, is poorly researched. We have used lipidomics, a broad-based approach to measure lipids in samples, which has hitherto not been applied to UV-exposed hair in the published literature, and could allow for a wider understanding of how UV light impacts on specific hair lipids. METHODS Mixed blonde Caucasian hair switches were divided into two groups of five, with half of the hair switches exposed to UV and visible light mimicking normal daytime exposure and half left unexposed. LC-MS lipidomics was used to profile the lipids in the hair samples. RESULTS A total of 791 lipids and 32 lipid classes with tentative identifications were detected in the hair samples. Nineteen lipid classes and 397 lipids differed between UV-treated and non-treated hair. The main lipid classes that differed were vitamin A fatty acid esters, sterol esters, several ceramides, mono-, di- and triglycerides, phosphatidylethanolamines (all decreased in UV-exposed hair) and bismonoacylglycerolphosphates, acylcarnitines and acylglycines (all increased in UV-exposed hair). Most detected lipids were decreased in UV-exposed hair, supporting earlier work that has found that UV exposure causes oxidation of lipids which would result in a decrease in most lipid classes. CONCLUSION Light exposure to hair has a widespread impact on the hair lipidome. This study also adds to the emerging literature on the hair lipidome, broadening the range of lipid classes reported in hair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evelyne Maes
- Proteins and Metabolites, AgResearchLincolnNew Zealand,Riddet Institute based at Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand,Biomolecular Interaction CentreUniversity of CanterburyChristchurchNew Zealand
| | - Erin J. Lee
- Proteins and Metabolites, AgResearchLincolnNew Zealand
| | - Ines Homewood
- Proteins and Metabolites, AgResearchLincolnNew Zealand
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Song SH, Jang WJ, Jang EY, Kim OH, Kim H, Son T, Choi DY, Lee S, Jeong CH. Striatal miR-183-5p inhibits methamphetamine-induced locomotion by regulating glucocorticoid receptor signaling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:997701. [PMID: 36225577 PMCID: PMC9549132 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.997701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated striatal gene regulation may play an important role in methamphetamine (METH) addiction. This study aimed to identify changes in novel miRNAs and their target genes during METH self-administration and investigate their roles in METH-induced locomotion. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that mir-183-5p was upregulated in the striatum of METH self-administered rats, and target gene prediction revealed that the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene, Nr3c1, was a potential target gene for mir-183-5p. We confirmed that single and repeated METH administrations increased METH-induced locomotion and plasma corticosterone levels in rats. Additionally, increased miR-185-5p expression and decreased GR gene expression were observed only in the repeated-METH-injection group but not in the single-injection group. We then investigated the effects of miR-183-5p on METH-induced locomotion using a miR-183-5p mimic and inhibitor. Injection of a mir-183-5p mimic in the striatum of rats attenuated METH-induced locomotion, whereas injection of a miR-183-5p inhibitor enhanced the locomotor activity in METH-administered rats. Furthermore, the miR-183-5p mimic reduced the phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) whereas the inhibitor increased it. Taken together, these results indicate that repeated METH injections increase striatal miR-183-5p expression and regulate METH-induced locomotion by regulating GR expression in rats, thereby suggesting a potential role of miR-183-5p as a novel regulator of METH-induced locomotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hoon Song
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Won-Jun Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Eun Young Jang
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Oc-Hee Kim
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Haesoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Taekwon Son
- Korea Brain Bank, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Dong-Young Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Sooyeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Sooyeun Lee, ; Chul-Ho Jeong,
| | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Sooyeun Lee, ; Chul-Ho Jeong,
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11
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Liu L, Li J, Wang C, Xu Y, Leung CK, Yang G, Lin S, Zhang S, Tan Y, Zhang H, Wang H, Liu J, Li M, Zeng X. Cannabidiol attenuates methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference in male rats and viability in PC12 cells through the Sigma1R/AKT/GSK3β/CREB signaling pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2022; 48:548-561. [PMID: 35881880 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2073450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: Methamphetamine use is associated with several negative consequences, including neurotoxicity and greater probability of exhibiting a substance use disorder. Sigma1 receptor is involved in the neurobiological basis of several drug use disorders. Cannabidiol has received attention in the treatment of drug use disorders and neurotoxicity. Objectives: To investigate the effects of cannabidiol on methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and the viability of PC12 cells. Methods: Adult male rats (n = 70) underwent methamphetamine (2 mg/kg, IP) induced CPP, and were administered cannabidiol (10, 20, 40, or 80 mg/kg, IP) during the methamphetamine withdrawal period for five consecutive days. Methamphetamine (0.5 mg/kg) was then injected to reactivate CPP. Four brain regions (ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus) were extracted after the last test. PC12 cells were treated with cannabidiol, Sigma1R-siRNA, or BD1047 before methamphetamine exposure. Results: Administration of 20, 40, or 80 mg/kg cannabidiol facilitated CPP extinction (80 mg/kg, p < .001) and prevented CPP development (80 mg/kg, p < .0001). This was associated with changes in the expression of Sigma1R (ventral tegmental area, 80 mg/kg, p < .0001) in the four brain regions. Cannabidiol protected the PC12 cell's viability (10 μM, p = .0008) and inhibited the methamphetamine-induced activation of the AKT/GSK3β/CREB signaling pathway by mediating Sigma1R (10 μM, p < .0001). Conclusions: Cannabidiol seems to inhibit the rewarding effects of methamphetamine and the effects of this drug on cell viability. Sigma1R should be given further consideration as a potential target for cannabidiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chan Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yue Xu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chi-Kwan Leung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Genmeng Yang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shucheng Lin
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi Tan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jianxing Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ming Li
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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12
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Re GF, Li H, Yang JQ, Li Y, Zhang Z, Wu X, Zhou R, Kong D, Luo H, Kuang YQ, Wang KH. Exercise modulates central and peripheral inflammatory responses and ameliorates methamphetamine-induced anxiety-like symptoms in mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:955799. [PMID: 36106141 PMCID: PMC9465459 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.955799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety-like symptoms are common symptoms of methamphetamine (METH) users, especially in the acute withdrawal period, which is an important factor for the high relapse rate during METH acute withdrawal. Exercise has been demonstrated to relieve anxiety-like symptoms during METH withdrawal, but the underlying mechanisms of this anti-anxiety effect are still unclear. Activated microglia and abnormal neuroinflammation play an important role in the pathogenesis of anxiety-like symptoms after METH withdrawal. Moreover, peripheral immune factors were also significantly associated with anxiety symptoms. However, the effects of treadmill exercise on microglial function and neuroinflammation in the striatum and hippocampus during acute METH withdrawal have not been reported. In the current study, we found severe peripheral immune dysfunction in METH users during acute withdrawal, which may in part contribute to anxiety symptoms during METH acute withdrawal. We also showed that 2 weeks of METH exposure induced anxiety-like symptoms in the acute withdrawal period. Additionally, METH exposure resulted in increased microglial activation and proinflammatory cytokines released in the mouse striatum and hippocampus during acute withdrawal. We next evaluated the effects of treadmill exercise in countering anxiety-like symptoms induced by METH acute withdrawal. The results showed that anxiety-like symptoms induced by acute METH withdrawal were attenuated by coadministration of treadmill exercise. In addition, treadmill exercise counteracted METH-induced microglial activation in the mouse striatum and various subregions of the hippocampus. Furthermore, treadmill exercise also reversed the increase in proinflammatory cytokines induced by acute METH withdrawal in the mouse striatum, hippocampus and serum. Our findings suggest that the anti-anxiety effect of treadmill exercise may be mediated by reducing microglial activation and regulating central and peripheral inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Fen Re
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong Li
- Yunnan Narcotics Control Bureau, Kunming, China
| | - Ji-Qun Yang
- The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Yue Li
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zunyue Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaocong Wu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ruiyi Zhou
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Deshenyue Kong
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Huayou Luo
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi-Qun Kuang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Yi-Qun Kuang,
| | - Kun-Hua Wang
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Yi-Qun Kuang,
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Qi B, Zhang Y, Xu B, Zhang Y, Fei G, Lin L, Li Q. Metabolomic Characterization of Acute Ischemic Stroke Facilitates Metabolomic Biomarker Discovery. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:5443-5455. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Evidence That Methylphenidate Treatment Evokes Anxiety-Like Behavior Through Glucose Hypometabolism and Disruption of the Orbitofrontal Cortex Metabolic Networks. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1830-1845. [PMID: 34797528 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Methylphenidate (MPH) has been widely misused by children and adolescents who do not meet all diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder without a consensus about the consequences. Here, we evaluate the effect of MPH treatment on glucose metabolism and metabolic network in the rat brain, as well as on performance in behavioral tests. Wistar male rats received intraperitoneal injections of MPH (2.0 mg/kg) or an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline solution (controls), once a day, from the 15th to the 44th postnatal day. Fluorodeoxyglucose-18 was used to investigate cerebral metabolism, and a cross-correlation matrix was used to examine the brain metabolic network in MPH-treated rats using micro-positron emission tomography imaging. Performance in the light-dark transition box, eating-related depression, and sucrose preference tests was also evaluated. While MPH provoked glucose hypermetabolism in the auditory, parietal, retrosplenial, somatosensory, and visual cortices, hypometabolism was identified in the left orbitofrontal cortex. MPH-treated rats show a brain metabolic network more efficient and connected, but careful analyses reveal that the MPH interrupts the communication of the orbitofrontal cortex with other brain areas. Anxiety-like behavior was also observed in MPH-treated rats. This study shows that glucose metabolism evaluated by micro-positron emission tomography in the brain can be affected by MPH in different ways according to the region of the brain studied. It may be related, at least in part, to a rewiring in the brain the metabolic network and behavioral changes observed, representing an important step in exploring the mechanisms and consequences of MPH treatment.
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15
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Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics in hair from current and former patients with methamphetamine use disorder. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:890-901. [PMID: 34741727 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug use disorder, a chronic and relapsing mental disorder, is primarily diagnosed via self-reports of drug-seeking behavioral and psychological conditions, accompanied by psychiatric assessment. Therefore, the identification of peripheral biomarkers that reflect pathological changes caused by such disorders is essential for improving treatment monitoring. Hair possesses great potential as a metabolomic sample for monitoring chronic diseases. This study aimed to investigate metabolic alterations in hair to elucidate a suitable treatment modality for methamphetamine (MA) use disorder. Consequently, both targeted and untargeted metabolomics analyses were performed via mass spectrometry on hair samples obtained from current and former patients with MA use disorder. Healthy subjects (HS), current (CP), and former (FP) patients with this disorder were selected based on psychiatric diagnosis and screening the concentrations of MA in hair. The drug abuse screening questionnaire scores did not differentiate between CP and FP. Moreover, according to both targeted and untargeted metabolomics, clustering was not observed among all three groups. Nevertheless, a model of partial least squares-discriminant analysis was established between HS and CP based on seven metabolites derived from the targeted metabolomics results. Thus, this study demonstrates the promising potential of hair metabolomes for monitoring recovery from drug use disorders in clinical practice.
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16
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Caspani G, Sebők V, Sultana N, Swann JR, Bailey A. Metabolic phenotyping of opioid and psychostimulant addiction: A novel approach for biomarker discovery and biochemical understanding of the disorder. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1578-1606. [PMID: 33817774 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the progress in characterising the pharmacological profile of drugs of abuse, their precise biochemical impact remains unclear. The metabolome reflects the multifaceted biochemical processes occurring within a biological system. This includes those encoded in the genome but also those arising from environmental/exogenous exposures and interactions between the two. Using metabolomics, the biochemical derangements associated with substance abuse can be determined as the individual transitions from recreational drug to chronic use (dependence). By understanding the biomolecular perturbations along this time course and how they vary across individuals, metabolomics can elucidate biochemical mechanisms of the addiction cycle (dependence/withdrawal/relapse) and predict prognosis (recovery/relapse). In this review, we summarise human and animal metabolomic studies in the field of opioid and psychostimulant addiction. We highlight the importance of metabolomics as a powerful approach for biomarker discovery and its potential to guide personalised pharmacotherapeutic strategies for addiction targeted towards the individual's metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Caspani
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Viktoria Sebők
- Pharmacology Section, Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Nowshin Sultana
- Pharmacology Section, Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan R Swann
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.,School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Alexis Bailey
- Pharmacology Section, Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St George's, University of London, London, UK
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Metabolic Alterations Associated with γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid and the Potential of Metabolites as Biomarkers of Its Exposure. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11020101. [PMID: 33578991 PMCID: PMC7916753 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is an endogenous short chain fatty acid that acts as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in the mammalian brain. It has often been illegally abused or misused due to its strong anesthetic effect, particularly in drug-facilitated crimes worldwide. However, proving its ingestion is not straightforward because of the difficulty in distinguishing between endogenous and exogenous GHB, as well as its rapid metabolism. Metabolomics and metabolism studies have recently been used to identify potential biomarkers of GHB exposure. This mini-review provides an overview of GHB-associated metabolic alterations and explores the potential of metabolites for application as biomarkers of GHB exposure. For this, we discuss the biosynthesis and metabolism of GHB, analytical issues of GHB in biological samples, alterations in metabolic pathways, and changes in the levels of GHB conjugates in biological samples from animal and human studies. Metabolic alterations in organic acids, amino acids, and polyamines in urine enable discrimination between GHB-ingested animals or humans and controls. The potential of GHB conjugates has been investigated in a variety of clinical settings. Despite the recent growth in the application of metabolomics and metabolism studies associated with GHB exposure, it remains challenging to distinguish between endogenous and exogenous GHB. This review highlights the significance of further metabolomics and metabolism studies for the discovery of practical peripheral biomarkers of GHB exposure.
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