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Liu H, Li X, He F, Li M, Zi Y, Long R, Zhao G, Zhu L, Hong L, Wang S, Kang J, Yang Q, Chen L. Genome-wide identification and analysis of abiotic stress responsiveness of the mitogen-activated protein kinase gene family in Medicago sativa L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:800. [PMID: 39179986 PMCID: PMC11344418 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05524-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is crucial cell signal transduction mechanism that plays an important role in plant growth and development, metabolism, and stress responses. The MAPK cascade includes three protein kinases, MAPK, MAPKK, and MAPKKK. The three protein kinases mediate signaling to downstream response molecules by sequential phosphorylation. The MAPK gene family has been identified and analyzed in many plants, however it has not been investigated in alfalfa. RESULTS In this study, Medicago sativa MAPK genes (referred to as MsMAPKs) were identified in the tetraploid alfalfa genome. Eighty MsMAPKs were divided into four groups, with eight in group A, 21 in group B, 21 in group C and 30 in group D. Analysis of the basic structures of the MsMAPKs revealed presence of a conserved TXY motif. Groups A, B and C contained a TEY motif, while group D contained a TDY motif. RNA-seq analysis revealed tissue-specificity of two MsMAPKs and tissue-wide expression of 35 MsMAPKs. Further analysis identified MsMAPK members responsive to drought, salt, and cold stress conditions. Two MsMAPKs (MsMAPK70 and MsMAPK75) responds to salt and cold stresses; two MsMAPKs (MsMAPK60 and MsMAPK73) responds to cold and drought stresses; four MsMAPKs (MsMAPK1, MsMAPK33, MsMAPK64 and MsMAPK71) responds to salt and drought stresses; and two MsMAPKs (MsMAPK5 and MsMAPK7) responded to all three stresses. CONCLUSION This study comprehensively identified and analysed the alfalfa MAPK gene family. Candidate genes related to abiotic stresses were screened by analysing the RNA-seq data. The results provide key information for further analysis of alfalfa MAPK gene functions and improvement of stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xianyang Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fei He
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingna Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunfei Zi
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Ruicai Long
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Lihua Zhu
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Ling Hong
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Shiqing Wang
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Junmei Kang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qingchuan Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Singh VP, Jaiswal S, Wang Y, Feng S, Tripathi DK, Singh S, Gupta R, Xue D, Xu S, Chen ZH. Evolution of reactive oxygen species cellular targets for plant development. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 29:865-877. [PMID: 38519324 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the key players in regulating developmental processes of plants. Plants have evolved a large array of gene families to facilitate the ROS-regulated developmental process in roots and leaves. However, the cellular targets of ROS during plant evolutionary development are still elusive. Here, we found early evolution and large expansions of protein families such as mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in the evolutionarily important plant lineages. We review the recent advances in interactions among ROS, phytohormones, gasotransmitters, and protein kinases. We propose that these signaling molecules act in concert to maintain cellular ROS homeostasis in developmental processes of root and leaf to ensure the fine-tuning of plant growth for better adaptation to the changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj-211002, India.
| | - Saumya Jaiswal
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj-211002, India
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Shouli Feng
- Xianghu Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Samiksha Singh
- Department of Botany, S.N. Sen B.V. Post Graduate College, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur 208001, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, South Korea
| | - Dawei Xue
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Shengchun Xu
- Xianghu Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
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Wang H, Bi Y, Yan Y, Yuan X, Gao Y, Noman M, Li D, Song F. A NAC transcription factor MNAC3-centered regulatory network negatively modulates rice immunity against blast disease. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38953747 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
NAC transcription factors (TFs) are pivotal in plant immunity against diverse pathogens. Here, we report the functional and regulatory network of MNAC3, a novel NAC TF, in rice immunity. MNAC3, a transcriptional activator, negatively modulates rice immunity against blast and bacterial leaf blight diseases and pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immune responses. MNAC3 binds to a CACG cis-element and activates the transcription of immune-negative target genes OsINO80, OsJAZ10, and OsJAZ11. The negative function of MNAC3 in rice immunity depends on its transcription of downstream genes such as OsINO80 and OsJAZ10. MNAC3 interacts with immunity-related OsPP2C41 (a protein phosphatase), ONAC066 (a NAC TF), and OsDjA6 (a DnaJ chaperone). ONAC066 and OsPP2C41 attenuate MNAC3 transcriptional activity, while OsDjA6 promotes it. Phosphorylation of MNAC3 at S163 is critical for its negative functions in rice immunity. OsPP2C41, which plays positive roles in rice blast resistance and chitin-triggered immune responses, dephosphorylates MNAC3, suppressing its transcriptional activity on the target genes OsINO80, OsJAZ10, and OsJAZ11 and promoting the translocation of MNAC3 from nucleus to cytoplasm. These results establish a MNAC3-centered regulatory network in which OsPP2C41 dephosphorylates MNAC3, attenuating its transcriptional activity on downstream immune-negative target genes in rice. Together, these findings deepen our understanding of molecular mechanisms in rice immunity and offer a novel strategy for genetic improvement of rice disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yan Bi
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuqing Yan
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xi Yuan
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yizhou Gao
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Noman
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dayong Li
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengming Song
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology and Breeding, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Mou L, Zhang L, Qiu Y, Liu M, Wu L, Mo X, Chen J, Liu F, Li R, Liu C, Tian M. Endogenous Hormone Levels and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal the Mechanisms of Bulbil Initiation in Pinellia ternata. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6149. [PMID: 38892337 PMCID: PMC11173086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pinellia ternata is a medicinal plant that has important pharmacological value, and the bulbils serve as the primary reproductive organ; however, the mechanisms underlying bulbil initiation remain unclear. Here, we characterized bulbil development via histological, transcriptomic, and targeted metabolomic analyses to unearth the intricate relationship between hormones, genes, and bulbil development. The results show that the bulbils initiate growth from the leaf axillary meristem (AM). In this stage, jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), isopentenyl adenosine (IPA), and salicylic acid (SA) were highly enriched, while indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), zeatin, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and 5-dexoxystrigol (5-DS) were notably decreased. Through OPLS-DA analysis, SA has emerged as the most crucial factor in initiating and positively regulating bulbil formation. Furthermore, a strong association between IPA and SA was observed during bulbil initiation. The transcriptional changes in IPT (Isopentenyltransferase), CRE1 (Cytokinin Response 1), A-ARR (Type-A Arabidopsis Response Regulator), B-ARR (Type-B Arabidopsis Response Regulator), AUX1 (Auxin Resistant 1), ARF (Auxin Response Factor), AUX/IAA (Auxin/Indole-3-acetic acid), GH3 (Gretchen Hagen 3), SAUR (Small Auxin Up RNA), GA2ox (Gibberellin 2-oxidase), GA20ox (Gibberellin 20-oxidase), AOS (Allene oxide synthase), AOC (Allene oxide cyclase), OPR (Oxophytodienoate Reductase), JMT (JA carboxy l Methyltransferase), COI1 (Coronatine Insensitive 1), JAZ (Jasmonate ZIM-domain), MYC2 (Myelocytomatosis 2), D27 (DWARF27), SMAX (Suppressor of MAX2), PAL (Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase), ICS (Isochorismate Synthase), NPR1 (Non-expressor of Pathogenesis-related Genes1), TGA (TGACG Sequence-specific Binding), PR-1 (Pathogenesis-related), MCSU (Molybdenium Cofactor Sulfurase), PP2C (Protein Phosphatase 2C), and SnRK (Sucrose Non-fermenting-related Protein Kinase 2) were highly correlated with hormone concentrations, indicating that bulbil initiation is coordinately controlled by multiple phytohormones. Notably, eight TFs (transcription factors) that regulate AM initiation have been identified as pivotal regulators of bulbil formation. Among these, WUS (WUSCHEL), CLV (CLAVATA), ATH1 (Arabidopsis Thaliana Homeobox Gene 1), and RAX (Regulator of Axillary meristems) have been observed to exhibit elevated expression levels. Conversely, LEAFY demonstrated contrasting expression patterns. The intricate expression profiles of these TFs are closely associated with the upregulated expression of KNOX(KNOTTED-like homeobox), suggesting a intricate regulatory network underlying the complex process of bulbil initiation. This study offers a profound understanding of the bulbil initiation process and could potentially aid in refining molecular breeding techniques specific to P. ternata.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mengliang Tian
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.M.); (L.Z.); (Y.Q.); (M.L.); (L.W.); (X.M.); (J.C.); (F.L.); (R.L.); (C.L.)
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Zhu X, Li W, Zhang N, Jin H, Duan H, Chen Z, Chen S, Wang Q, Tang J, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Si H. StMAPKK5 responds to heat stress by regulating potato growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant defenses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1392425. [PMID: 38817936 PMCID: PMC11137293 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1392425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Backgrounds As a conserved signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade regulates cellular signaling in response to abiotic stress. High temperature may contribute to a significant decrease in economic yield. However, research into the expression patterns of StMAPKK family genes under high temperature is limited and lacks experimental validation regarding their role in supporting potato plant growth. Methods To trigger heat stress responses, potato plants were grown at 35°C. qRT-PCR was conducted to analyze the expression pattern of StMAPKK family genes in potato plants. Plant with StMAPKK5 loss-of-function and gain-of-function were developed. Potato growth and morphological features were assessed through measures of plant height, dry weight, and fresh weight. The antioxidant ability of StMAPKK5 was indicated by antioxidant enzyme activity and H2O2 content. Cell membrane integrity and permeability were suggested by relative electrical conductivity (REC), and contents of MDA and proline. Photosynthetic capacity was next determined. Further, mRNA expression of heat stress-responsive genes and antioxidant enzyme genes was examined. Results In reaction to heat stress, the expression profiles of StMAPKK family genes were changed. The StMAPKK5 protein is located to the nucleus, cytoplasm and cytomembrane, playing a role in controlling the height and weight of potato plants under heat stress conditions. StMAPKK5 over-expression promoted photosynthesis and maintained cell membrane integrity, while inhibited transpiration and stomatal conductance under heat stress. Overexpression of StMAPKK5 triggered biochemical defenses in potato plant against heat stress, modulating the levels of H2O2, MDA and proline, as well as the antioxidant activities of CAT, SOD and POD. Overexpression of StMAPKK5 elicited genetic responses in potato plants to heat stress, affecting heat stress-responsive genes and genes encoding antioxidant enzymes. Conclusion StMAPKK5 can improve the resilience of potato plants to heat stress-induced damage, offering a promising approach for engineering potatoes with enhanced adaptability to challenging heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Huimin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Qihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinghua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiannan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaijun Si
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Chai S, Deng W, Yang J, Guo L, Wang L, Jiang Y, Liao J, Deng X, Yang R, Zhang Y, Lu Z, Wang X, Zhang L. Physiological and molecular mechanisms of ZnO quantum dots mitigating cadmium stress in Salvia miltiorrhiza. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134245. [PMID: 38603910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
This study delved into the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the mitigation of cadmium (Cd) stress in the model medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza through the application of ZnO quantum dots (ZnO QDs, 3.84 nm). A pot experiment was conducted, wherein S. miltiorrhiza was subjected to Cd stress for six weeks with foliar application of 100 mg/L ZnO QDs. Physiological analyses demonstrated that compared to Cd stress alone, ZnO QDs improved biomass, reduced Cd accumulation, increased the content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids), and enhanced the levels of essential nutrient elements (Ca, Mn, and Cu) under Cd stress. Furthermore, ZnO QDs significantly lowered Cd-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, including H2O2, O2-, and MDA, while enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, APX, and GSH-PX). Additionally, ZnO QDs promoted the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites, such as total protein, soluble sugars, terpenoids, and phenols, thereby mitigating Cd stress in S. miltiorrhiza. At the molecular level, ZnO QDs were found to activate the expression of stress signal transduction-related genes, subsequently regulating the expression of downstream target genes associated with metal transport, cell wall synthesis, and secondary metabolite synthesis via transcription factors. This activation mechanism contributed to enhancing Cd tolerance in S. miltiorrhiza. In summary, these findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the mitigation of Cd stress by ZnO QDs, offering a potential nanomaterial-based strategy for enhancing Cd tolerance in medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyue Chai
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Weihao Deng
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jianping Yang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Linfeng Guo
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Long Wang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jinqiu Liao
- Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xuexue Deng
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Ruiwu Yang
- Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yunsong Zhang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Zhiwei Lu
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xianxiang Wang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Featured Medicinal Plants Sharing and Service Platform of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
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Castell-Miller CV, Kono TJ, Ranjan A, Schlatter DC, Samac DA, Kimball JA. Interactive transcriptome analyses of Northern Wild Rice ( Zizania palustris L.) and Bipolaris oryzae show convoluted communications during the early stages of fungal brown spot development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1350281. [PMID: 38736448 PMCID: PMC11086184 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1350281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Fungal diseases, caused mainly by Bipolaris spp., are past and current threats to Northern Wild Rice (NWR) grain production and germplasm preservation in both natural and cultivated settings. Genetic resistance against the pathogen is scarce. Toward expanding our understanding of the global gene communications of NWR and Bipolaris oryzae interaction, we designed an RNA sequencing study encompassing the first 12 h and 48 h of their encounter. NWR activated numerous plant recognition receptors after pathogen infection, followed by active transcriptional reprogramming of signaling mechanisms driven by Ca2+ and its sensors, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, activation of an oxidative burst, and phytohormone signaling-bound mechanisms. Several transcription factors associated with plant defense were found to be expressed. Importantly, evidence of diterpenoid phytoalexins, especially phytocassane biosynthesis, among expression of other defense genes was found. In B. oryzae, predicted genes associated with pathogenicity including secreted effectors that could target plant defense mechanisms were expressed. This study uncovered the early molecular communication between the NWR-B. oryzae pathosystem, which could guide selection for allele-specific genes to boost NWR defenses, and overall aid in the development of more efficient selection methods in NWR breeding through the use of the most virulent fungal isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J.Y. Kono
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Ashish Ranjan
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Daniel C. Schlatter
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Science Research Unit, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Deborah A. Samac
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Science Research Unit, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Kimball
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
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Sar P, Gupta S, Behera M, Chakraborty K, Ngangkham U, Verma BC, Banerjee A, Hanjagi PS, Bhaduri D, Shil S, Kumar J, Mandal NP, Kole PC, Purugganan MD, Roy S. Exploring Genetic Diversity within aus Rice Germplasm: Insights into the Variations in Agro-morphological Traits. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 17:20. [PMID: 38526679 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-024-00700-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The aus (Oryza sativa L.) varietal group comprises of aus, boro, ashina and rayada seasonal and/or field ecotypes, and exhibits unique stress tolerance traits, making it valuable for rice breeding. Despite its importance, the agro-morphological diversity and genetic control of yield traits in aus rice remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the genetic structure of 181 aus accessions using 399,115 SNP markers and evaluated them for 11 morpho-agronomic traits. Through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we aimed to identify key loci controlling yield and plant architectural traits.Our population genetic analysis unveiled six subpopulations with strong geographical patterns. Subpopulation-specific differences were observed in most phenotypic traits. Principal component analysis (PCA) of agronomic traits showed that principal component 1 (PC1) was primarily associated with panicle traits, plant height, and heading date, while PC2 and PC3 were linked to primary grain yield traits. GWAS using PC1 identified OsSAC1 on Chromosome 7 as a significant gene influencing multiple agronomic traits. PC2-based GWAS highlighted the importance of OsGLT1 and OsPUP4/ Big Grain 3 in determining grain yield. Haplotype analysis of these genes in the 3,000 Rice Genome Panel revealed distinct genetic variations in aus rice.In summary, this study offers valuable insights into the genetic structure and phenotypic diversity of aus rice accessions. We have identified significant loci associated with essential agronomic traits, with GLT1, PUP4, and SAC1 genes emerging as key players in yield determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puranjoy Sar
- Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825 301, India
| | - Sonal Gupta
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Motilal Behera
- Crop Physiology and Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753 006, India
| | - Koushik Chakraborty
- Crop Physiology and Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753 006, India
| | - Umakanta Ngangkham
- Manipur Center, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Imphal, Manipur, 795 004, India
| | - Bibhash Chandra Verma
- Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825 301, India
| | - Amrita Banerjee
- Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825 301, India
| | - Prashantkumar S Hanjagi
- Crop Physiology and Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753 006, India
| | - Debarati Bhaduri
- Crop Production Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753 006, India
| | - Sandip Shil
- Research Centre - Mohitnagar, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, 735 101, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825 301, India
| | - Nimai Prasad Mandal
- Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825 301, India
| | - Paresh Chandra Kole
- Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, West Bengal, 731236, India
| | | | - Somnath Roy
- Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, 825 301, India.
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9
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Yang Z, Zhu Z, Guo Y, Lan J, Zhang J, Chen S, Dou S, Yang M, Li L, Liu G. OsMKK1 is a novel element that positively regulates the Xa21-mediated resistance response to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in rice. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:31. [PMID: 38195905 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE OsMKK1, a MAPK gene, positively regulates rice Xa21-mediated resistance response and also plays roles in normal growth and development process of rice. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade was highly conserved among eukaryotes, which played crucial roles in plant responses to pathogen infection. Bacterial blight is the most devastating bacterial disease. Xa21 confers broad-spectrum resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo). This study identified that the transcription level of OsMKK1 was up-regulated in resistant response against Xoo, thus overexpression (OsMKK1-OX) and RNA interference (OsMKK1-RNAi) transgenic rice lines under the background of Xa21 was constructed. Compared with recipient control plants 4021, the OsMKK1-OX lines significantly enhanced disease resistance to Xoo, on the contrary, the resistance of OsMKK1-RNAi lines was weakened, demonstrated that OsMKK1 played a positive role in Xa21-mediated disease resistance pathway. A number of pathogenesis-related proteins, including PR1A, PR2 and PR10A showed enhanced expression in OsMKK1-OX lines, supported that these PR genes may be regulated by OsMKK1 to participate in the defense responses. In addition, the agronomic traits of OsMKK1 transgenic plants were affected. Overall, these results revealed the role of OsMKK1 in Xa21-mediated resistance against Xoo and in the normal growth and development process in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZeXi Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Yalu Guo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518116, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinping Lan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Research Center for Life Sciences, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Jianshuo Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Shijuan Dou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Liyun Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
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10
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Zhang L, Ma C, Kang X, Pei ZQ, Bai X, Wang J, Zheng S, Zhang TG. Identification and expression analysis of MAPK cascade gene family in foxtail millet ( Setaria italica). PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2246228. [PMID: 37585594 PMCID: PMC10435010 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2246228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade pathway is a highly conserved plant cell signaling pathway that plays an important role in plant growth and development and stress response. Currently, MAPK cascade genes have been identified and reported in a variety of plants including Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Triticum aestivum, but have not been identified in foxtail millet (Setaria italica). In this study, a total of 93 MAPK cascade genes, including 15 SiMAPKs, 10 SiMAPKKs and 68 SiMAPKKKs genes, were identified by genome-wide analysis of foxtail millet, and these genes were distributed on nine chromosomes of foxtail millet. Using phylogenetic analysis, we divided the SiMAPKs and SiMAPKKs into four subgroups, respectively, and the SiMAPKKKs into three subgroups (Raf, ZIK, and MEKK). Whole-genome duplication analysis revealed that there are 14 duplication pairs in the MAPK cascade family in foxtail millet, and they are expanded by segmental replication events. Results from quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that the expression levels of most SiMAPKs and SiMAPKKs were changed under both exogenous hormone and abiotic stress treatments, with SiMAPK3 and SiMAPKK4-2 being induced under almost all treatments, while the expression of SiMAPKK5 was repressed. In a nutshell, this study will shed some light on the evolution of MAPK cascade genes and the functional mechanisms underlying MAPK cascade genes in response to hormonal and abiotic stress signaling pathways in foxtail millet (Setaria italica).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Kang
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zi-Qi Pei
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zheng
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Teng-Guo Zhang
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
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11
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Wang Y, Hu S, Zhang W, Zhang B, Yang Z. Emerging role and therapeutic implications of p53 in intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:433. [PMID: 38040675 PMCID: PMC10692240 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01730-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower back pain (LBP) is a common degenerative musculoskeletal disease that imposes a huge economic burden on both individuals and society. With the aggravation of social aging, the incidence of LBP has increased globally. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the primary cause of LBP. Currently, IDD treatment strategies include physiotherapy, medication, and surgery; however, none can address the root cause by ending the degeneration of intervertebral discs (IVDs). However, in recent years, targeted therapy based on specific molecules has brought hope for treating IDD. The tumor suppressor gene p53 produces a transcription factor that regulates cell metabolism and survival. Recently, p53 was shown to play an important role in maintaining IVD microenvironment homeostasis by regulating IVD cell senescence, apoptosis, and metabolism by activating downstream target genes. This study reviews research progress regarding the potential role of p53 in IDD and discusses the challenges of targeting p53 in the treatment of IDD. This review will help to elucidate the pathogenesis of IDD and provide insights for the future development of precision treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidian Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shouye Hu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weisong Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Binfei Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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12
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Zhang C, Zhu Z, Jiang A, Liu Q, Chen M. Genome-wide identification of the mitogen-activated kinase gene family from Limonium bicolor and functional characterization of LbMAPK2 under salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:565. [PMID: 37964233 PMCID: PMC10647163 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04589-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are ubiquitous signal transduction components in eukaryotes. In plants, MAPKs play an essential role in growth and development, phytohormone regulation, and abiotic stress responses. The typical recretohalophyte Limonium bicolor (Bunge) Kuntze has multicellular salt glands on its stems and leaves; these glands secrete excess salt ions from its cells to mitigate salt damage. The number, type, and biological function of L. bicolor MAPK genes are unknown. RESULTS We identified 20 candidate L. bicolor MAPK genes, which can be divided into four groups. Of these 20 genes, 17 were anchored to 7 chromosomes, while LbMAPK18, LbMAPK19, and LbMAPK20 mapped to distinct scaffolds. Structure analysis showed that the predicted protein LbMAPK19 contains the special structural motif TNY in its activation loop, whereas the other LbMAPK members harbor the conserved TEY or TDY motif. The promoters of most LbMAPK genes carry cis-acting elements related to growth and development, phytohormones, and abiotic stress. LbMAPK1, LbMAPK2, LbMAPK16, and LbMAPK20 are highly expressed in the early stages of salt gland development, whereas LbMAPK4, LbMAPK5, LbMAPK6, LbMAPK7, LbMAPK11, LbMAPK14, and LbMAPK15 are highly expressed during the late stages. These 20 LbMAPK genes all responded to salt, drought and ABA stress. We explored the function of LbMAPK2 via virus-induced gene silencing: knocking down LbMAPK2 transcript levels in L. bicolor resulted in fewer salt glands, lower salt secretion ability from leaves, and decreased salt tolerance. The expression of several genes [LbTTG1 (TRANSPARENT TESTA OF GL1), LbCPC (CAPRICE), and LbGL2 (GLABRA2)] related to salt gland development was significantly upregulated in LbMAPK2 knockdown lines, while the expression of LbEGL3 (ENHANCER OF GL3) was significantly downregulated. CONCLUSION These findings increase our understanding of the LbMAPK gene family and will be useful for in-depth studies of the molecular mechanisms behind salt gland development and salt secretion in L. bicolor. In addition, our analysis lays the foundation for exploring the biological functions of MAPKs in an extreme halophyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Aijuan Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Min Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, 250014, China.
- Dongying Institute, Shandong Normal University, No. 2 Kangyang Road, Dongying, Shandong, 257000, China.
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13
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Zhao Y, Yin T, Ran X, Liu W, Shen Y, Guo H, Peng Y, Zhang C, Ding Y, Tang S. Stimulus-responsive proteins involved in multi-process regulation of storage substance accumulation during rice grain filling under elevated temperature. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:547. [PMID: 37936114 PMCID: PMC10631114 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intensified global warming during grain filling deteriorated rice quality, in particular increasing the frequency of chalky grains which markedly impact market value. The formation of rice quality is a complex process influenced by multiple genes, proteins and physiological metabolic processes. Proteins responsive to stimulus can adjust the ability of plants to respond to unfavorable environments, which may be an important protein involved in the regulation of quality formation under elevated temperature. However, relatively few studies have hindered our further understanding of rice quality formation under elevated temperature. RESULTS We conducted the actual field elevated temperature experiment and performed proteomic analysis of rice grains at the early stage of grain filling. Starting with the response to stimulus in GO annotation, 22 key proteins responsive to stimulus were identified in the regulation of grain filling and response to elevated temperature. Among the proteins responsive to stimulus, during grain filling, an increased abundance of signal transduction and other stress response proteins, a decreased abundance of reactive oxygen species-related proteins, and an increased accumulation of storage substance metabolism proteins consistently contributed to grain filling. However, the abundance of probable indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.4, probable indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.8 and CBL-interacting protein kinase 9 belonged to signal transduction were inhibited under elevated temperature. In the reactive oxygen species-related protein, elevated temperature increased the accumulation of cationic peroxidase SPC4 and persulfide dioxygenase ETHE1 homolog to maintain normal physiological homeostasis. The increased abundance of alpha-amylase isozyme 3E and seed allergy protein RA5 was related to the storage substance metabolism, which regulated starch and protein accumulation under elevated temperature. CONCLUSION Auxin synthesis and calcium signal associated with signal transduction, other stress responses, protein transport and modification, and reactive oxygen species-related proteins may be key proteins responsive to stimulus in response to elevated temperature. Alpha-amylase isozyme 3E and seed allergy protein RA5 may be the key proteins to regulate grain storage substance accumulation and further influence quality under elevated temperature. This study enriched the regulatory factors involved in the response to elevated temperature and provided a new idea for a better understanding of grain response to temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongyang Yin
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Ran
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhe Liu
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Shen
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Guo
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Peng
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Ding
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - She Tang
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, 210095, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Zhou L, Zhao S, Xing X. Effects of different signaling pathways on odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells: a review. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1272764. [PMID: 37929208 PMCID: PMC10622672 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1272764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a type of mesenchymal stem cells that can differentiate into odontoblast-like cells and protect the pulp. The differentiation of DPSCs can be influenced by biomaterials or growth factors that activate different signaling pathways in vitro or in vivo. In this review, we summarized six major pathways involved in the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs, Wnt signaling pathways, Smad signaling pathways, MAPK signaling pathways, NF-kB signaling pathways, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, and Notch signaling pathways. Various factors can influence the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs through one or more signaling pathways. By understanding the interactions between these signaling pathways, we can expand our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the regeneration of the pulp-dentin complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xianghui Xing
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Wang K, Li Y. Signaling pathways and targeted therapeutic strategies for polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1191759. [PMID: 37929034 PMCID: PMC10622806 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1191759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Although promising strides have been made in the field of PCOS over the past decades, the distinct etiologies of this syndrome are not fully elucidated. Prenatal factors, genetic variation, epigenetic mechanisms, unhealthy lifestyles, and environmental toxins all contribute to the development of this intricate and highly heterogeneous metabolic, endocrine, reproductive, and psychological disorder. Moreover, interactions between androgen excess, insulin resistance, disruption to the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis, and obesity only make for a more complex picture. In this review, we investigate and summarize the related molecular mechanisms underlying PCOS pathogenesis from the perspective of the level of signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt, TGF-β/Smads, Wnt/β-catenin, and Hippo/YAP. Additionally, this review provides an overview of prospective therapies, such as exosome therapy, gene therapy, and drugs based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and natural compounds. By targeting these aberrant pathways, these interventions primarily alleviate inflammation, insulin resistance, androgen excess, and ovarian fibrosis, which are typical symptoms of PCOS. Overall, we hope that this paper will pave the way for better understanding and management of PCOS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Yang X, Yan S, Li Y, Li G, Sun S, Li J, Cui Z, Huo J, Sun Y, Wang X, Liu F. Comparison of Transcriptome between Tolerant and Susceptible Rice Cultivar Reveals Positive and Negative Regulators of Response to Rhizoctonia solani in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14310. [PMID: 37762614 PMCID: PMC10532033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the world's most crucial food crops, as it currently supports more than half of the world's population. However, the presence of sheath blight (SB) caused by Rhizoctonia solani has become a significant issue for rice agriculture. This disease is responsible for causing severe yield losses each year and is a threat to global food security. The breeding of SB-resistant rice varieties requires a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved and the exploration of immune genes in rice. To this end, we conducted a screening of rice cultivars for resistance to SB and compared the transcriptome based on RNA-seq between the most tolerant and susceptible cultivars. Our study revealed significant transcriptomic differences between the tolerant cultivar ZhengDao 22 (ZD) and the most susceptible cultivar XinZhi No.1 (XZ) in response to R. solani invasion. Specifically, the tolerant cultivar showed 7066 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while the susceptible cultivar showed only 60 DEGs. In further analysis, we observed clear differences in gene category between up- and down-regulated expression of genes (uDEGs and dDEGs) based on Gene Ontology (GO) classes in response to infection in the tolerant cultivar ZD, and then identified uDEGs related to cell surface pattern recognition receptors, the Ca2+ ion signaling pathway, and the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) cascade that play a positive role against R. solani. In addition, DEGs of the jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling pathways were mainly positively regulated, whereas DEGs of the auxin signaling pathway were mainly negatively regulated. Transcription factors were involved in the immune response as either positive or negative regulators of the response to this pathogen. Furthermore, our results showed that chloroplasts play a crucial role and that reduced photosynthetic capacity is a critical feature of this response. The results of this research have important implications for better characterization of the molecular mechanism of SB resistance and for the development of resistant cultivars through molecular breeding methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Shuangyong Yan
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Yuejiao Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Guangsheng Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Shuqin Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Junling Li
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Zhongqiu Cui
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Jianfei Huo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Fangzhou Liu
- Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
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17
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Jiang R, Zhou S, Da X, Yan P, Wang K, Xu J, Mo X. OsMKK6 Regulates Disease Resistance in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12678. [PMID: 37628859 PMCID: PMC10454111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades play important roles in various biological programs in plants, including immune responses, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we identified the lesion mimic mutant rsr25 (rust spots rice 25) and determined that the mutant harbored a loss-of-function allele for OsMKK6 (MITOGEN-ACTIVATED KINASE KINASE 6). rsr25 developed reddish-brown spots on its leaves at the heading stage, as well as on husks. Compared to the wild type, the rsr25 mutant exhibited enhanced resistance to the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) and to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). OsMKK6 interacted with OsMPK4 (MITOGEN-ACTIVATED KINASE 4) in vivo, and OsMKK6 phosphorylated OsMPK4 in vitro. The Osmpk4 mutant is also a lesion mimic mutant, with reddish-brown spots on its leaves and husks. Pathogen-related genes were significantly upregulated in Osmpk4, and this mutant exhibited enhanced resistance to M. oryzae compared to the wild type. Our results indicate that OsMKK6 and OsMPK4 form a cascade that regulates immune responses in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaorong Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (R.J.); (S.Z.); (X.D.); (P.Y.); (K.W.); (J.X.)
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18
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Kozyulina PY, Pavlova OA, Kantsurova (Rudaya) ES, Bovin AD, Shirobokova SA, Dolgikh AV, Dymo AM, Dolgikh EA. Transcriptomic analysis of pea plant responses to chitooligosaccharides' treatment revealed stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1092013. [PMID: 36968377 PMCID: PMC10030943 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1092013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Since chitooligosaccharides (COs) are water-soluble, biodegradable and nontoxic compounds, their application may be considered as a promising plant-protecting agent. However, the molecular and cellular modes of action of COs are not yet understood. In this study, transcriptional changes in pea roots treated with COs were investigated via RNA sequencing. Pea roots treated with the deacetylated CO8-DA at low concentration (10-5 М) were harvested 24 h after treatment and their expression profiles were compared against medium-treated control plants. We observed 886 differentially expressed genes (fold change ≥ 1; p-value < 0.05) 24 h after treatment with CO8-DA. Gene Ontology term over-representation analysis allowed us to identify the molecular functions of the genes activated in response to CO8-DA treatment and their relation to biological processes. Our findings suggest that calcium signaling regulators and MAPK cascade play a key role in pea plant responses to treatment. Here we found two MAPKKKs, the PsMAPKKK5 and PsMAPKKK20, which might function redundantly in the CO8-DA-activated signaling pathway. In accordance with this suggestion, we showed that PsMAPKKK knockdown decreases resistance to pathogenic Fusarium culmorum fungi. Therefore, analysis showed that typical regulators of intracellular signal transduction pathways involved in triggering of plant responses via CERK1 receptors to chitin/COs in Arabidopsis and rice may also be recruited in legume pea plants.
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Du H, Chen J, Zhan H, Li S, Wang Y, Wang W, Hu X. The Roles of CDPKs as a Convergence Point of Different Signaling Pathways in Maize Adaptation to Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032325. [PMID: 36768648 PMCID: PMC9917105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The calcium ion (Ca2+), as a well-known second messenger, plays an important role in multiple processes of growth, development, and stress adaptation in plants. As central Ca2+ sensor proteins and a multifunctional kinase family, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are widely present in plants. In maize, the signal transduction processes involved in ZmCDPKs' responses to abiotic stresses have also been well elucidated. In addition to Ca2+ signaling, maize ZmCDPKs are also regulated by a variety of abiotic stresses, and they transmit signals to downstream target molecules, such as transport proteins, transcription factors, molecular chaperones, and other protein kinases, through protein interaction or phosphorylation, etc., thus changing their activity, triggering a series of cascade reactions, and being involved in hormone and reactive oxygen signaling regulation. As such, ZmCDPKs play an indispensable role in regulating maize growth, development, and stress responses. In this review, we summarize the roles of ZmCDPKs as a convergence point of different signaling pathways in regulating maize response to abiotic stress, which will promote an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of ZmCDPKs in maize tolerance to abiotic stress and open new opportunities for agricultural applications.
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20
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Qi Y, Huang C, Zhao M, Wu X, Li G, Zhang Y, Zhang L. milR20 negatively regulates the development of fruit bodies in Pleurotus cornucopiae. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1177820. [PMID: 37213518 PMCID: PMC10192896 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1177820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the development of fruit bodies in edible mushroom is a widely studied topic. In this study, the role of milRNAs in the development of fruit bodies of Pleurotus cornucopiae was studied by comparative analyses of the mRNAs and milRNAs at different stages of development. The genes that play a crucial role in the expression and function of milRNAs were identified and subsequently expressed and silenced at different stages of development. The total number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed milRNAs (DEMs) at different stages of development was determined to be 7,934 and 20, respectively. Comparison of the DEGs and DEMs across the different development stages revealed that DEMs and its target DEGs involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, endocytosis, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, RNA transport, and other metabolism pathways, which may play important roles in the development of the fruit bodies of P. cornucopiae. The function of milR20, which targeted pheromone A receptor g8971 and was involved in the MAPK signaling pathway, was further verified by overexpression and silencing in P. cornucopiae. The results demonstrated that the overexpression of milR20 reduced the growth rate of mycelia and prolonged the development of the fruit bodies, while milR20 silencing had an opposite effect. These findings indicated that milR20 plays a negative role in the development of P. cornucopiae. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the development of fruit bodies in P. cornucopiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Qi
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Huang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Beijing, China
| | - Mengran Zhao
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangli Wu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lijiao Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lijiao Zhang,
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Basheer J, Vadovič P, Šamajová O, Melicher P, Komis G, Křenek P, Králová M, Pechan T, Ovečka M, Takáč T, Šamaj J. Knockout of MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3 causes barley root resistance against Fusarium graminearum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:2847-2867. [PMID: 35993881 PMCID: PMC9706467 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The roles of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in plant-fungal pathogenic interactions are poorly understood in crops. Here, microscopic, phenotypic, proteomic, and biochemical analyses revealed that roots of independent transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-based knockout lines of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) MAPK 3 (HvMPK3 KO) were resistant against Fusarium graminearum infection. When co-cultured with roots of the HvMPK3 KO lines, F. graminearum hyphae were excluded to the extracellular space, the growth pattern of extracellular hyphae was considerably deregulated, mycelia development was less efficient, and number of appressoria-like structures and their penetration potential were substantially reduced. Intracellular penetration of hyphae was preceded by the massive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in attacked cells of the wild-type (WT), but ROS production was mitigated in the HvMPK3 KO lines. Suppression of ROS production in these lines coincided with elevated abundance of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Moreover, differential proteomic analysis revealed downregulation of several defense-related proteins in WT, and the upregulation of pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1) and cysteine proteases in HvMPK3 KO lines. Proteins involved in suberin formation, such as peroxidases, lipid transfer proteins (LTPs), and the GDSL esterase/lipase (containing "GDSL" aminosequence motif) were differentially regulated in HvMPK3 KO lines after F. graminearum inoculation. Consistent with proteomic analysis, microscopic observations showed enhanced suberin accumulation in roots of HvMPK3 KO lines, most likely contributing to the arrested infection by F. graminearum. These results suggest that TALEN-based knockout of HvMPK3 leads to barley root resistance against Fusarium root rot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasim Basheer
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavol Vadovič
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Šamajová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavol Melicher
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - George Komis
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Křenek
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Králová
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tibor Pechan
- Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi, USA
| | - Miroslav Ovečka
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Takáč
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Šamaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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22
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Developing Genetic Engineering Techniques for Control of Seed Size and Yield. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113256. [PMID: 36362043 PMCID: PMC9655546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Many signaling pathways regulate seed size through the development of endosperm and maternal tissues, which ultimately results in a range of variations in seed size or weight. Seed size can be determined through the development of zygotic tissues (endosperm and embryo) and maternal ovules. In addition, in some species such as rice, seed size is largely determined by husk growth. Transcription regulator factors are responsible for enhancing cell growth in the maternal ovule, resulting in seed growth. Phytohormones induce significant effects on entire features of growth and development of plants and also regulate seed size. Moreover, the vegetative parts are the major source of nutrients, including the majority of carbon and nitrogen-containing molecules for the reproductive part to control seed size. There is a need to increase the size of seeds without affecting the number of seeds in plants through conventional breeding programs to improve grain yield. In the past decades, many important genetic factors affecting seed size and yield have been identified and studied. These important factors constitute dynamic regulatory networks governing the seed size in response to environmental stimuli. In this review, we summarized recent advances regarding the molecular factors regulating seed size in Arabidopsis and other crops, followed by discussions on strategies to comprehend crops' genetic and molecular aspects in balancing seed size and yield.
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23
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Liu L, Li K, Zhou X, Fang C. Integrative Analysis of Metabolome and Transcriptome Reveals the Role of Strigolactones in Wounding-Induced Rice Metabolic Re-Programming. Metabolites 2022; 12:789. [PMID: 36144193 PMCID: PMC9501228 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have evolved mechanisms to adapt to wounding, a threat occurring separately or concomitantly with other stresses. During the last decades, many efforts have been made to elucidate the wounding signaling transduction. However, we know little about the metabolic re-programming under wounding, let alone whether and how strigolactones (SLs) participate in this progress. Here, we reported a metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis of SLs synthetic and signal mutants in rice before and after wounding. A series of metabolites differentially responded to wounding in the SLs mutants and wild-type rice, among which flavones were enriched. Besides, the SLs mutants accumulated more jasmonic acid (JA) and jasmonyl isoleucine (JA-lle) than the wild-type rice after wounding, suggesting an interplay of SLs and JAs during responding to wounding. Further transcriptome data showed that cell wall, ethylene, and flavones pathways might be affected by wounding and SLs. In addition, we identified candidate genes regulated by SLs and responding to wounding. In conclusion, our work provides new insights into wounding-induced metabolic re-programming and the SLs' function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University Hainan, Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Kang Li
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University Hainan, Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhou
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
| | - Chuanying Fang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University Hainan, Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570288, China
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24
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Zhu Z, Wang T, Lan J, Ma J, Xu H, Yang Z, Guo Y, Chen Y, Zhang J, Dou S, Yang M, Li L, Liu G. Rice MPK17 Plays a Negative Role in the Xa21-Mediated Resistance Against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:41. [PMID: 35920921 PMCID: PMC9349333 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00590-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice bacterial blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is one of the most serious diseases affecting rice production worldwide. Xa21 was the first disease resistance gene cloned in rice, which encodes a receptor kinase and confers broad resistance against Xoo stains. Dozens of components in the Xa21-mediated pathway have been identified in the past decades, however, the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) genes in the pathway has not been well described. To identify MAPK involved in Xa21-mediated resistance, the level of MAPK proteins was profiled using Western blot analysis. The abundance of OsMPK17 (MPK17) was found decreased during the rice-Xoo interaction in the background of Xa21. To investigate the function of MPK17, MPK17-RNAi and over-expression (OX) transgenic lines were generated. The RNAi lines showed an enhanced resistance, while OX lines had impaired resistance against Xoo, indicating that MPK17 plays negative role in Xa21-mediated resistance. Furthermore, the abundance of transcription factor WRKY62 and pathogenesis-related proteins PR1A were changed in the MPK17 transgenic lines when inoculated with Xoo. We also observed that the MPK17-RNAi and -OX rice plants showed altered agronomic traits, indicating that MPK17 also plays roles in the growth and development. On the basis of the current study and published results, we propose a "Xa21-MPK17-WRKY62-PR1A" signaling that functions in the Xa21-mediated disease resistance pathway. The identification of MPK17 advances our understanding of the mechanism underlying Xa21-mediated immunity, specifically in the mid- and late-stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Tianxingzi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Jinping Lan
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Research Center for Life Sciences, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Jinjiao Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Haiqing Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Zexi Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yalu Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518116, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Jianshuo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Shijuan Dou
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Ming Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Liyun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, 071001, China.
| | - Guozhen Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596 Lekai South Street, West Campus, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, Baoding, 071001, China.
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25
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Xie Y, Ding M, Yin X, Wang G, Zhang B, Chen L, Ma P, Dong J. MAPKK2/4/5/7-MAPK3-JAZs modulate phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 199:113177. [PMID: 35358599 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic acids are the major bioactive metabolites produced in Salvia miltiorrhiza, a traditional Chinese medicine called Danshen. Many phytohormone elicitor treatments induce phenolic acid biosynthesis, even though the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Expression pattern analysis showed that SmMAPK3 was highly expressed in leaves, and SmMAPK3 was significantly induced by salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (JA). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that SmMAPK3 belongs to group A and contains a TEY motif in the activation loop together with three conserved regions (P-loop, C-loop and CD-domain). A previous study speculated that SmMAPK3 is likely a positive regulator in the biosynthesis of phenolic acids in S. miltiorrhiza. In this study, overexpression of SmMAPK3 increased phenolic acid biosynthetic gene expression and enhanced the accumulation of phenolic acids in S. miltiorrhiza plantlets. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) analysis and firefly luciferase complementation imaging (LCI) assays revealed that SmMAPKK2/4/5/7-SmMAPK3-SmJAZs form a cascade that regulates the accumulation of phenolic acids. In summary, this work deepens our understanding of the posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms of phenolic acid biosynthesis and sheds new light on metabolic engineering in S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Meiling Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xuecui Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Guanfeng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Lingxiang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Pengda Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Juane Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
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Romero-Hernandez G, Martinez M. Plant Kinases in the Perception and Signaling Networks Associated With Arthropod Herbivory. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:824422. [PMID: 35599859 PMCID: PMC9116192 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.824422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The success in the response of plants to environmental stressors depends on the regulatory networks that connect plant perception and plant response. In these networks, phosphorylation is a key mechanism to activate or deactivate the proteins involved. Protein kinases are responsible for phosphorylations and play a very relevant role in transmitting the signals. Here, we review the present knowledge on the contribution of protein kinases to herbivore-triggered responses in plants, with a focus on the information related to the regulated kinases accompanying herbivory in Arabidopsis. A meta-analysis of transcriptomic responses revealed the importance of several kinase groups directly involved in the perception of the attacker or typically associated with the transmission of stress-related signals. To highlight the importance of these protein kinase families in the response to arthropod herbivores, a compilation of previous knowledge on their members is offered. When available, this information is compared with previous findings on their role against pathogens. Besides, knowledge of their homologous counterparts in other plant-herbivore interactions is provided. Altogether, these observations resemble the complexity of the kinase-related mechanisms involved in the plant response. Understanding how kinase-based pathways coordinate in response to a specific threat remains a major challenge for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gara Romero-Hernandez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Martinez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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27
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The Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveal the Potential Mechanism of Lodging Resistance in Intergeneric Hybrids between Brassica napus and Capsella bursa-pastoris. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094481. [PMID: 35562871 PMCID: PMC9099622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lodging is one of the main reasons for the reduction in seed yield and is the limitation of mechanized harvesting in B. napus. The dissection of the regulatory mechanism of lodging resistance is an important goal in B. napus. In this study, the lodging resistant B. napus line, YG689, derived from the hybridization between B. napus cv. Zhongyou 821 (ZY821) and Capsella bursa-pastoris, was used to dissect the regulation mechanism of hard stem formation by integrating anatomical structure, transcriptome and metabolome analyses. It was shown that the lignocellulose content of YG689 is higher than that of ZY821, and some differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the lignocellulose synthesis pathway were revealed by transcriptome analyses. Meanwhile, GC–TOF–MS and UPLC–QTOF–MS identified 40, 54, and 31 differential metabolites in the bolting stage, first flower stage, and the final flower stage. The differential accumulation of these metabolites might be associated with the lignocellulose biosynthesis in B. napus. Finally, some important genes that regulate the metabolic pathway of lignocellulose biosynthesis, such as BnaA02g18920D, BnaA10g15590D, BnaC05g48040D, and NewGene_216 were identified in B. napus through the combination of transcriptomics and metabolomics data. The present results explored the potential regulatory mechanism of lignocellulose biosynthesis, which provided a new clue for the breeding of B. napus with lodging resistance in the future.
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Hao Z, Ma S, Liang L, Feng T, Xiong M, Lian S, Zhu J, Chen Y, Meng L, Li M. Candidate Genes and Pathways in Rice Co-Responding to Drought and Salt Identified by gcHap Network. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074016. [PMID: 35409377 PMCID: PMC8999833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought and salinity stresses are significant abiotic factors that limit rice yield. Exploring the co-response mechanism to drought and salt stress will be conducive to future rice breeding. A total of 1748 drought and salt co-responsive genes were screened, most of which are enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and the MAPK signaling pathways. We performed gene-coding sequence haplotype (gcHap) network analysis on nine important genes out of the total amount, which showed significant differences between the Xian/indica and Geng/japonica population. These genes were combined with related pathways, resulting in an interesting mechanistic draft called the ‘gcHap-network pathway’. Meanwhile, we collected a lot of drought and salt breeding varieties, especially the introgression lines (ILs) with HHZ as the parent, which contained the above-mentioned nine genes. This might imply that these ILs have the potential to improve the tolerance to drought and salt. In this paper, we focus on the relationship of drought and salt co-response gene gcHaps and their related pathways using a novel angle. The haplotype network will be helpful to explore the desired haplotypes that can be implemented in haplotype-based breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Hao
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Z.H.); (S.M.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (M.X.); (S.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Sai Ma
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Z.H.); (S.M.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (M.X.); (S.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Lunping Liang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Z.H.); (S.M.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (M.X.); (S.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Ting Feng
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Z.H.); (S.M.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (M.X.); (S.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Mengyuan Xiong
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Z.H.); (S.M.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (M.X.); (S.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Shangshu Lian
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Z.H.); (S.M.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (M.X.); (S.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Jingyan Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Z.H.); (S.M.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (M.X.); (S.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yanjun Chen
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Z.H.); (S.M.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (M.X.); (S.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
| | - Lijun Meng
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Min Li
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (Z.H.); (S.M.); (L.L.); (T.F.); (M.X.); (S.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (M.L.)
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Substrate Identification in Plant Growth and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052744. [PMID: 35269886 PMCID: PMC8911294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) form tightly controlled signaling cascades that play essential roles in plant growth, development, and defense response. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying MAPK cascades are still very elusive, largely because of our poor understanding of how they relay the signals. The MAPK cascade is composed of MAPK, MAPKK, and MAPKKK. They transfer signals through the phosphorylation of MAPKKK, MAPKK, and MAPK in turn. MAPKs are organized into a complex network for efficient transmission of specific stimuli. This review summarizes the research progress in recent years on the classification and functions of MAPK cascades under various conditions in plants, especially the research status and general methods available for identifying MAPK substrates, and provides suggestions for future research directions.
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Yao Y, Zhao H, Sun L, Wu W, Li C, Wu Q. Genome-wide identification of MAPK gene family members in Fagopyrum tataricum and their expression during development and stress responses. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:96. [PMID: 35114949 PMCID: PMC8815160 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) plays essential roles in the development, hormone regulation and abiotic stress response of plants. Nevertheless, a comprehensive study on MAPK family members has thus far not been performed in Tartary buckwheat. RESULTS Here, we identified 16 FtMAPKs in the Fagopyrum tataricum genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the FtMAPK family members could be classified into Groups A, B, C and D, in which A, B and C members contain a Thr-Glu-Tyr (TEY) signature motif and Group D members contain a Thr-Asp-Tyr (TDY) signature motif. Promoter cis-acting elements showed that most ProFtMAPks contain light response elements, hormone response elements and abiotic stress response elements, and several ProFtMAPks have MYB-binding sites, which may be involved in the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis-related enzyme gene expression. Synteny analysis indicated that FtMAPKs have a variety of biological functions. Protein interaction prediction suggested that MAPKs can interact with proteins involved in development and stress resistance. Correlation analysis further confirmed that most of the FtMAPK genes and transcription factors involved in the stress response have the same expression pattern. The transient transformation of FtMAPK1 significantly increased the antioxidant enzymes activity in Tartary buckwheat leaves. In addition, we also found that FtMAPK1 can respond to salt stress by up-regulating the transcription abundance of downstream genes. CONCLUSIONS A total of 16 MAPKs were identified in Tartary buckwheat, and the members of the MAPK family containing the TDY motif were found to have expanded. The same subfamily members have relatively conserved gene structures and similar protein motifs. Tissue-specific expression indicated that the expression of all FtMAPK genes varied widely in the roots, stems, leaves and flowers. Most FtMAPKs can regulate the expression of other transcription factors and participate in the abiotic stress response. Our findings comprehensively revealed the FtMAPK gene family and laid a theoretical foundation for the functional characterization of FtMAPKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Yao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenglei Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China.
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Shariatipour N, Heidari B, Tahmasebi A, Richards C. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Micronutrient Contents, Grain Quality, and Agronomic Traits in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:709817. [PMID: 34712248 PMCID: PMC8546302 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.709817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Comparative genomics and meta-quantitative trait loci (MQTLs) analysis are important tools for the identification of reliable and stable QTLs and functional genes controlling quantitative traits. We conducted a meta-analysis to identify the most stable QTLs for grain yield (GY), grain quality traits, and micronutrient contents in wheat. A total of 735 QTLs retrieved from 27 independent mapping populations reported in the last 13 years were used for the meta-analysis. The results showed that 449 QTLs were successfully projected onto the genetic consensus map which condensed to 100 MQTLs distributed on wheat chromosomes. This consolidation of MQTLs resulted in a three-fold reduction in the confidence interval (CI) compared with the CI for the initial QTLs. Projection of QTLs revealed that the majority of QTLs and MQTLs were in the non-telomeric regions of chromosomes. The majority of micronutrient MQTLs were located on the A and D genomes. The QTLs of thousand kernel weight (TKW) were frequently associated with QTLs for GY and grain protein content (GPC) with co-localization occurring at 55 and 63%, respectively. The co- localization of QTLs for GY and grain Fe was found to be 52% and for QTLs of grain Fe and Zn, it was found to be 66%. The genomic collinearity within Poaceae allowed us to identify 16 orthologous MQTLs (OrMQTLs) in wheat, rice, and maize. Annotation of promising candidate genes (CGs) located in the genomic intervals of the stable MQTLs indicated that several CGs (e.g., TraesCS2A02G141400, TraesCS3B02G040900, TraesCS4D02G323700, TraesCS3B02G077100, and TraesCS4D02G290900) had effects on micronutrients contents, yield, and yield-related traits. The mapping refinements leading to the identification of these CGs provide an opportunity to understand the genetic mechanisms driving quantitative variation for these traits and apply this information for crop improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikwan Shariatipour
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahram Heidari
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Tahmasebi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Christopher Richards
- USDA ARS National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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Chen X, Ma J, Wang X, Lu K, Liu Y, Zhang L, Peng J, Chen L, Yang M, Li Y, Cheng Z, Xiao S, Yu J, Zou S, Liang Y, Zhang M, Yang Y, Ding X, Dong H. Functional modulation of an aquaporin to intensify photosynthesis and abrogate bacterial virulence in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:330-346. [PMID: 34273211 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant aquaporins are a recently noted biological resource with a great potential to improve crop growth and defense traits. Here, we report the functional modulation of the rice (Oryza sativa) aquaporin OsPIP1;3 to enhance rice photosynthesis and grain production and to control bacterial blight and leaf streak, the most devastating worldwide bacterial diseases in the crop. We characterize OsPIP1;3 as a physiologically relevant CO2 -transporting facilitator, which supports 30% of rice photosynthesis on average. This role is nullified by interaction of OsPIP1;3 with the bacterial protein Hpa1, an essential component of the Type III translocon that supports translocation of the bacterial Type III effectors PthXo1 and TALi into rice cells to induce leaf blight and streak, respectively. Hpa1 binding shifts OsPIP1;3 from CO2 transport to effector translocation, aggravates bacterial virulence, and blocks rice photosynthesis. On the contrary, the external application of isolated Hpa1 to rice plants effectively prevents OsPIP1;3 from interaction with Hpa1 secreted by the bacteria that are infecting the plants. Blockage of the OsPIP1;3-Hpa1 interaction reverts OsPIP1;3 from effector translocation to CO2 transport, abrogates bacterial virulence, and meanwhile induces defense responses in rice. These beneficial effects can combine to enhance photosynthesis by 29-30%, reduce bacterial disease by 58-75%, and increase grain yield by 11-34% in different rice varieties investigated in small-scale field trials conducted during the past years. Our results suggest that crop productivity and immunity can be coordinated by modulating the physiological and pathological functions of a single aquaporin to break the growth-defense tradeoff barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinbiao Ma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Biology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kai Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Peng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Minkai Yang
- Department of Biology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zaiquan Cheng
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Suqin Xiao
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shenshen Zou
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuancun Liang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Meixiang Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yonghua Yang
- Department of Biology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hansong Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, Shandong Province, China
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