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Suzuki H, Egawa N, Imamura K, Kondo T, Enami T, Tsukita K, Suga M, Yada Y, Shibukawa R, Takahashi R, Inoue H. Mutant α-synuclein causes death of human cortical neurons via ERK1/2 and JNK activation. Mol Brain 2024; 17:14. [PMID: 38444039 PMCID: PMC10916047 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-024-01086-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Synucleinopathies refer to a group of disorders characterized by SNCA/α-synuclein (α-Syn)-containing cytoplasmic inclusions and neuronal cell loss in the nervous system including the cortex, a common feature being cognitive impairment. Still, the molecular pathogenesis of cognitive decline remains poorly understood, hampering the development of effective treatments. Here, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from familial Parkinson's disease (PD) patients carrying SNCA A53T mutation, differentiating them into cortical neurons by a direct conversion method. Patient iPSCs-derived cortical neurons harboring mutant α-Syn exhibited increased α-Syn-positive aggregates, shorter neurites, and time-dependent vulnerability. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing analysis, followed by biochemical validation, identified the activation of the ERK1/2 and JNK cascades in cortical neurons with SNCA A53T mutation. This result was consistent with a reverted phenotype of neuronal death in cortical neurons when treated with ERK1/2 and JNK inhibitors, respectively. Our findings emphasize the role of ERK1/2 and JNK cascades in the vulnerability of cortical neurons in synucleinopathies, and they could pave the way toward therapeutic advancements for synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidefumi Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naohiro Egawa
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiko Imamura
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical-Risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kondo
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical-Risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takako Enami
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical-Risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kayoko Tsukita
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mika Suga
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yada
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ran Shibukawa
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Haruhisa Inoue
- iPSC-Based Drug Discovery and Development Team, RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC), Kyoto, Japan.
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
- Medical-Risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan.
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Zhang L, Ma C, Kang X, Pei ZQ, Bai X, Wang J, Zheng S, Zhang TG. Identification and expression analysis of MAPK cascade gene family in foxtail millet ( Setaria italica). Plant Signal Behav 2023; 18:2246228. [PMID: 37585594 PMCID: PMC10435010 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2246228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade pathway is a highly conserved plant cell signaling pathway that plays an important role in plant growth and development and stress response. Currently, MAPK cascade genes have been identified and reported in a variety of plants including Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Triticum aestivum, but have not been identified in foxtail millet (Setaria italica). In this study, a total of 93 MAPK cascade genes, including 15 SiMAPKs, 10 SiMAPKKs and 68 SiMAPKKKs genes, were identified by genome-wide analysis of foxtail millet, and these genes were distributed on nine chromosomes of foxtail millet. Using phylogenetic analysis, we divided the SiMAPKs and SiMAPKKs into four subgroups, respectively, and the SiMAPKKKs into three subgroups (Raf, ZIK, and MEKK). Whole-genome duplication analysis revealed that there are 14 duplication pairs in the MAPK cascade family in foxtail millet, and they are expanded by segmental replication events. Results from quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that the expression levels of most SiMAPKs and SiMAPKKs were changed under both exogenous hormone and abiotic stress treatments, with SiMAPK3 and SiMAPKK4-2 being induced under almost all treatments, while the expression of SiMAPKK5 was repressed. In a nutshell, this study will shed some light on the evolution of MAPK cascade genes and the functional mechanisms underlying MAPK cascade genes in response to hormonal and abiotic stress signaling pathways in foxtail millet (Setaria italica).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Kang
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zi-Qi Pei
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zheng
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Teng-Guo Zhang
- Laboratory of plant molecular physiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
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Xiao W, Hu S, Yu K, Li Y, Cai R, Xie D, Zhou H, Guo Z, Liu S, Zou X, Ye S, Guo A, Yao R, Zhao H, Guo X. Fine-tuning of MPK6/3 phosphorylation by a lectin receptor-like kinase LecRK-VIII.2 regulates seed development. Plant Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2414-2416. [PMID: 37789685 PMCID: PMC10651140 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Xiao
- College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Shuai Hu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off‐Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology & San Ya Research InstituteChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop BreedingChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesSanyaChina
| | - Keyao Yu
- College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | | | - Ruqiong Cai
- College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Daolong Xie
- College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Haiwen Zhou
- College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Ziming Guo
- College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Shucan Liu
- College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | | | - Shunxing Ye
- College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Anping Guo
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off‐Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology & San Ya Research InstituteChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop BreedingChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesSanyaChina
| | - Ruifeng Yao
- College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Hui Zhao
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off‐Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology & San Ya Research InstituteChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop BreedingChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesSanyaChina
| | - Xinhong Guo
- College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangshaChina
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Wang SM, Wang YS, Cheng H. Comparative Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analyses of Avicennia marina and Kandelia obovata under Chilling Stress during Seedling Stage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16989. [PMID: 38069316 PMCID: PMC10707264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most productive ecosystems in the world, mangroves are susceptible to cold stress. However, there is currently insufficient knowledge of the adaptation mechanisms of mangrove plants in response to chilling stress. This study conducted a comparative analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics to investigate the adaptive responses of Kandelia obovata (chilling-tolerant) and Avicennia marina (chilling-sensitive) to 5 °C. The transcriptomics results revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mostly enriched in signal transduction, photosynthesis-related pathways, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The expression pattern of genes involved in photosynthesis-related pathways in A. marina presented a downregulation of most DEGs, which correlated with the decrease in total chlorophyll content. In the susceptible A. marina, all DEGs encoding mitogen-activated protein kinase were upregulated. Phenylpropanoid-related genes were observed to be highly induced in K. obovata. Additionally, several metabolites, such as 4-aminobutyric acid, exhibited higher levels in K. obovata than in A. marina, suggesting that chilling-tolerant varieties regulated more metabolites in response to chilling. The investigation defined the inherent distinctions between K. obovata and A. marina in terms of signal transduction gene expression, as well as phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, during exposure to low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (S.-M.W.); (H.C.)
- Daya Bay Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - You-Shao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (S.-M.W.); (H.C.)
- Daya Bay Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (S.-M.W.); (H.C.)
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
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Xiao Z, Huang G, Lu D. A MAPK signaling cascade regulates the fusaric acid-induced cell death in Arabidopsis. J Plant Physiol 2023; 287:154049. [PMID: 37423042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination of foods and feeds is a global problem. Fusaric acid (FA) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species that are phytopathogens of many economically important plant species. FA can cause programmed cell death (PCD) in several plant species. However, the signaling mechanisms of FA-induced cell death in plants are largely unknown. Here we showed that FA induced cell death in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, and MPK3/6 phosphorylation was triggered by FA in Arabidopsis. Both the acid nature and the radical of FA are required for its activity in inducing MPK3/6 activation and cell death. Expression of the constitutively active MKK5DD resulted in the activation of MPK3/6 and promoted the FA-induced cell death. Our work demonstrates that the MKK5-MPK3/6 cascade positively regulates FA-induced cell death in Arabidopsis and also provides insight into the mechanisms of how cell death is induced by FA in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Xiao
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guozhong Huang
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050021, China
| | - Dongping Lu
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Abstract
The precise execution of various cellular functions relies on the maintenance of signalling specificity from input detection to cellular outputs. However, diverse signalling pathways share similar or identical intermediate components. A well-conserved intermediate, the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) cascade, participates in a myriad of signalling pathways, regulating signal transduction from input to output. This typifies the "hourglass conundrum", where a multitude of inputs and outputs all operate through a limited number of common intermediates. Therefore, understanding how MAPK cascades regulate a variety of outputs with specificity is a fundamental question in biology. This review highlights four major insulating mechanisms that improve signalling specificity: selective activation, compartmentalization, combinatorial signalling, and cross-pathway inhibition. We focus on plant pathways that share MAPK cascade components and compare mechanisms with those of animals and yeast. We hope this conceptual overview will aid future studies to better understand plant signalling specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jade Nicolet
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Biophore, UNIL-Sorge, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Chen L, Song H, Xin J, Dong G, Xu F, Su Y, Yang M, Sun H. Comprehensive genome-wide identification and functional characterization of MAPK cascade gene families in Nelumbo. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123543. [PMID: 36740124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade signaling pathway plays pivotal roles in various plant biological processes. However, systematic study of MAPK cascade gene families is yet to be conducted in lotus. Herein, 198 putative MAPK genes, including 152 MAP3Ks, 15 MKKs, and 31 MPKs genes were identified in Nelumbo. Segmental duplication was identified as the predominant factor driving MAPK cascade gene family expansion in lotus. MAPK cascade genes in N. nucifera and N. lutea shared high degree of sequence homologies, with 84, 9, and 19 homologous MAP3K, MKK, and MPK gene pairs being detected between the two species, respectively, with most genes predominantly undergoing purifying selection. Gene expression profiling indicated that NnMAPK cascade genes were extensively involved in plant development and submergence stress response. Co-expression analysis revealed potential interaction between transcription factors (TFs) and NnMAPK cascade genes in various biological processes. NnMKK showed predicted interactions with multiple NnMAP3K or NnMPK proteins, which suggested that functional diversity of MAPK cascade genes could be as a result of their complex protein interaction mechanisms. This first systematic analysis of MAPK cascade families in lotus provides deeper insights into their evolutionary dynamics and functional properties, which potentially could be crucial for lotus genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Applied Biotechnology Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China
| | - Heyun Song
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia Xin
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Fei Xu
- Applied Biotechnology Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China
| | - Yanyan Su
- Amway (China) Botanical R&D Centre, Wuxi, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Heng Sun
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Wang P, Zhong H, Liu W, Zhang S, Xiong L, Wu Y, Xia Y. Arabidopsis EXTRA-LARGE G PROTEIN 1 (XLG1) functions together with XLG2 and XLG3 in PAMP-triggered MAPK activation and immunity. J Integr Plant Biol 2023; 65:825-837. [PMID: 36250681 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) is an essential strategy used by plants to deploy broad-spectrum resistance against pathogen attacks. Heterotrimeric G proteins have been reported to contribute to PTI. Of the three non-canonical EXTRA-LARGE G PROTEINs (XLGs) in Arabidopsis thaliana, XLG2 and XLG3 were shown to positively regulate immunity, but XLG1 was not considered to function in defense, based on the analysis of a weak xlg1 allele. In this study, we characterized the xlg1 xlg2 xlg3 triple knockout mutants generated from an xlg1 knockout allele. The strong xlg1 xlg2 xlg3 triple mutants compromised pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and resistance to pathogen infection. The three XLGs interacted with MAPK cascade proteins involved in defense signaling, including the MAPK kinase kinases MAPKKK3 and MAPKKK5, the MAPK kinases MKK4 and MKK5, and the MAPKs MPK3 and MPK6. Expressing a constitutively active form of MKK4 restored MAPK activation and partially recovered the compromised disease resistance seen in the strong xlg1 xlg2 xlg3 triple mutant. Furthermore, mutations of all three XLGs largely restored the phenotype of the autoimmunity mutant bak1-interacting receptor-like kinase 1. Our study reveals that all three XLGs function redundantly in PAMP-triggered MAPK activation and plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Wang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shen Zhen, 518057, China
| | - Hailei Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Pengxi Wang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wuzhen Liu
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shoudong Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Liming Xiong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yiji Xia
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biological and Environmental Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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Zhang Q, Li Y, Cao K, Xu H, Zhou X. Transcriptome and proteome depth analysis indicate ABA, MAPK cascade and Ca 2+ signaling co-regulate cold tolerance in Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1146663. [PMID: 36895874 PMCID: PMC9989302 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1146663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cold stress is a global common problem that significantly limits plant development and geographical distribution. Plants respond to low temperature stress by evolving interrelated regulatory pathways to respond and adapt to their environment in a timely manner. Rhodoendron chrysanthum Pall. (R. chrysanthum) is a perennial evergreen dwarf shrub used for adornment and medicine that thrives in the Changbai Mountains at high elevations and subfreezing conditions. METHODS In this study, a comprehensive investigation of cold tolerance (4°C, 12h) in R. chrysanthum leaves under cold using physiological combined with transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. RESULTS There were 12,261 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 360 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the low temperature (LT) and normal treatment (Control). Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses showed that MAPK cascade, ABA biosynthesis and signaling, plant-pathogen interaction, linoleic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism were significantly enriched in response to cold stress of R. chrysanthum leaves. DISCUSSION We analyzed the involvement of ABA biosynthesis and signaling, MAPK cascade, and Ca2+ signaling, that may jointly respond to stomatal closure, chlorophyll degradation, and ROS homeostasis under low temperature stress. These results propose an integrated regulatory network of ABA, MAPK cascade and Ca2+ signaling comodulating the cold stress in R. chrysanthum, which will provide some insights to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of cold tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongwei Xu
- *Correspondence: Xiaofu Zhou, ; Hongwei Xu,
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Zhou F, Singh S, Zhang J, Fang Q, Li C, Wang J, Zhao C, Wang P, Huang CF. The MEKK1-MKK1/2-MPK4 cascade phosphorylates and stabilizes STOP1 to confer aluminum resistance in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant 2023; 16:337-353. [PMID: 36419357 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity can seriously restrict crop production on acidic soils, which comprise 40% of the world's potentially arable land. The zinc finger transcription factor STOP1 has a conserved and essential function in mediating plant Al resistance. Al stress induces STOP1 accumulation via post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. However, the upstream signaling pathway involved in Al-triggered STOP1 accumulation remains unclear. Here, we report that the MEKK1-MKK1/2-MPK4 cascade positively regulates STOP1 phosphorylation and stability. Mutations of MEKK1, MKK1/2, or MPK4 lead to decreased STOP1 stability and Al resistance. Al stress induces the kinase activity of MPK4, which interacts with and phosphorylates STOP1. The phosphorylation of STOP1 reduces its interaction with the F-box protein RAE1 that mediates STOP1 degradation, thereby leading to enhanced STOP1 stability and Al resistance. Taken together, our results suggest that the MEKK1-MKK1/2-MPK4 cascade is important for Al signaling and confers Al resistance through phosphorylation-mediated enhancement of STOP1 accumulation in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Somesh Singh
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiu Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chongyang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chunzhao Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chao-Feng Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Niu XJ, Wang LJ, Meng H, Wang HF, Xu BH, Wang C. Role of c-Jun NH 2 -terminal kinase-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in response to pesticides in Apis cerana cerana. Insect Sci 2023; 30:47-64. [PMID: 35548935 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade pathway plays an important role in regulating stress responses. The function of the c-Jun NH2 -terminal kinase (JNK), a component of the MAPK cascade pathway, in Apis cerana cerana (Acc) remains unclear. Here, JNK was isolated and identified from Acc. Bioinformatics analyses revealed there is a typical serine/threonine protein kinase catalytic domain in the AccJNK protein. An expression profile analysis showed that AccJNK was significantly induced by pesticide treatments. To further explore the functional mechanisms of AccJNK, a yeast 2-hybrid screen was performed, activator protein-1 (AP-1) was screened as the interaction partner of AccJNK, and the interaction relationship was further verified by pull-down assay. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed the expression pattern of AccAP-1 was similar to that of AccJNK. After a knockdown of AccJNK or AccAP-1 by RNA interference, the survival rate of Acc after pesticide treatments increased. Additionally, the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes and the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased, suggesting that the knockdown of AccJNK or AccAP-1 increased the antioxidant capacity of bees. Our study revealed that the JNK-mediated MAPK pathway responds to pesticide stress by altering the antioxidant capacity of Acc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong-Fang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bao-Hua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
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Chen Z, Gu J, Lin S, Xu Z, Xu H, Zhao J, Feng P, Tao Y, Chen S, Wang P. Saffron essential oil ameliorates CUMS-induced depression-like behavior in mice via the MAPK-CREB1-BDNF signaling pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 300:115719. [PMID: 36126781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Saffron, the dried stigma of Crocus sativus L., has a long history of use in the treatment of depression in traditional Chinese medicine and Islamic medicine. The unique aroma of saffron, primarily derived from its volatile oil, has been widely used by folk to mitigate anxiety and depression via sniffing because the aroma of saffron has a pleasant and invigorating effect. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effect and the underlying mechanism of saffron essential oil (SEO) in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, compounds of SEO were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, while network pharmacology was used to predict potential active compounds, antidepressant targets, and related signaling pathways of SEO. The CUMS depression model was further used to explore the therapeutic effect and possible mechanism of SEO. During the modeling period, mice were regularly administered fluoxetine (3.6 mg/kg, i.g.) or diluted SEO (2%, 4%, and 6% SEO, inhalation). The antidepressant and neuroprotective effects of SEO were evaluated by behavior tests (the open field test, the sucrose preference test, the tail suspension test, and the forced swimming test), hematoxylin-eosin staining, and Nissl staining. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to measure dopamine (DA), 5-serotonin (5-HT), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in serum. The relative abundance of Raf1, MEK1, P-ERK1/2/ERK1/2, P-CREB1/CREB1, BDNF, and P-Trk B/Trk B in the hippocampus was determined using western blot (WB). RESULTS According to the network pharmacology analysis, seven active SEO compounds mediated 113 targets related to depression treatment, most of which were enriched in the 5-HT synapse, calcium signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway. In vivo experiments indicated that fluoxetine and SEO improved depression-like behaviors in depressed mice. The levels of 5-HT, DA, BDNF, and GABA in serum increased significantly. Histopathological examinations revealed that fluoxetine and SEO ameliorated neuronal damage in the hippocampus. WB analysis showed that the relative expressions of Raf1, MEK1, P-ERK1/2/ERK1/2, P-CREB1/CREB1, BDNF, and P-Trk B/Trk B were significantly higher in the fluoxetine and SEO groups than in the CUMS group. CONCLUSION Overall, these findings suggest that SEO significantly alleviates the depressive symptoms in CUMS exposed mice and partially restores hippocampal neuronal damage. Meanwhile, the best efficacy was observed in 4% SEO. Furthermore, the antidepressant mechanism of SEO is primarily dependent on the regulation of the MAPK-CREB1-BDNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinping Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Susu Lin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China; The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, 314001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zijin Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China; College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, Jiangxi, 334000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyu Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiajing Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peishi Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Suhong Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
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Wang L, Guo D, Zhao G, Wang J, Zhang S, Wang C, Guo X. Group IIc WRKY transcription factors regulate cotton resistance to Fusarium oxysporum by promoting GhMKK2-mediated flavonoid biosynthesis. New Phytol 2022; 236:249-265. [PMID: 35727190 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are crucial regulators in response to pathogen infection. However, the regulatory mechanisms of WRKY TFs in response to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov), the most devastating pathogen of cotton, remain unclear. Here, transcriptome sequencing indicated that the group IIc WRKY TF subfamily was the most important TF subfamily in response to Fov. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses showed that group IIc WRKY TFs positively regulated cotton resistance to Fov. A series of chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, yeast one-hybrid assay and electrophoresis mobility shift assay experiments indicated that group IIc WRKY TFs directly bound to the promoter of GhMKK2 and regulated its expression. Importantly, a novel mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade composed of GhMKK2, GhNTF6 and GhMYC2 was identified. The functional analysis indicated that group IIc WRKY TFs induced the GhMKK2-GhNTF6 pathway to increase resistance to Fov by upregulating the GhMYC2-mediated expression of several flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes, which led to flavonoid accumulation. In conclusion, our study demonstrated a novel disease defense mechanism by which the WRKY-MAPK pathway promotes flavonoid biosynthesis to defend against pathogen infection. This pathway improves our understanding of the interaction mode between WRKY TFs and MAPK cascades in plant immunity and the vital role of plant flavonoids in pathogen defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Dezheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Guangdong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Shuxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
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Yang Y, Huang P, Ma Y, Jiang R, Jiang C, Wang G. Insights into intracellular signaling network in Fusarium species. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1007-1014. [PMID: 36179869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium is a large genus of filamentous fungi including numerous important plant pathogens. In addition to causing huge economic losses of crops, some Fusarium species produce a wide range of mycotoxins in cereal crops that affect human and animal health. The intracellular signaling in Fusarium plays an important role in growth, sexual and asexual developments, pathogenesis, and mycotoxin biosynthesis. In this review, we highlight the recent advances and provide insight into signal sensing and transduction in Fusarium species. G protein-coupled receptors and other conserved membrane receptors mediate recognition of environmental cues and activate complex intracellular signaling. Once activated, the cAMP-PKA and three well-conserved MAP kinase pathways activate downstream transcriptional regulatory networks. The functions of individual signaling pathways have been well characterized in a variety of Fusarium species, showing the conserved components with diverged functions. Furthermore, these signaling pathways crosstalk and coordinately regulate various fungal development and infection-related morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid areas, Northwestern A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Panpan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid areas, Northwestern A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yutong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid areas, Northwestern A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ruoxuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid areas, Northwestern A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid areas, Northwestern A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Guanghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid areas, Northwestern A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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15
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Chen Y, Wang S, Du W, Wang Y, Wu Y, Li W, Ding Y, Wang Y. G-protein couples MAPK cascade through maize heterotrimeric Gβ subunit. Plant Cell Rep 2022; 41:1763-1774. [PMID: 35737098 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
G protein couples MAPK cascade through maize heterotrimeric Gβ subunit MGB1. Heterotrimeric G protein Gβ interacts with Gγ subunit to generate Gβγ dimer in modulation of various biological processes. The modulatory events at transcriptome scale of plant Gβ subunit remain largely unknown. To reveal the regulatory basis of Gβ subunit at transcriptome level, we first identified a canonical maize Gβ subunit MGB1 that physically interacted with Type C Gγ protein MGG4. For transcriptome analysis, two independent CRISPR/Cas9-edited MGB1 lines were generated, which all exhibited growth arrest, suggestive of MGB1 essential for maize seedling establishment. Transcriptomic outcomes showed that MGB1 knockout resulted in elevated transcriptional abundance of plant immune response marker PR and immune receptor RPM1. Integrated GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses pinpointed the enrichment of differentially expressed genes in defense response pathway. Functional association network construction revealed MAPK cascade components and PR protein as hub regulators of MGB1-mediated immune signaling. MGB1 and scaffold protein ZmRACK1 together with MAPK cascade components coordinately modulated maize immune responses. We built a modulatory hierarchy of Gβ subunit at transcriptome and interacting scales, which is informative for our understanding of the regulatory basis of G protein signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wenhui Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yinting Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yuhang Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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16
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Liu Y, Leary E, Saffaf O, Frank Baker R, Zhang S. Overlapping functions of YDA and MAPKKK3/MAPKKK5 upstream of MPK3/MPK6 in plant immunity and growth/development. J Integr Plant Biol 2022; 64:1531-1542. [PMID: 35652263 PMCID: PMC9544710 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE3 (MAPK3 or MPK3) and MPK6 play important signaling roles in plant immunity and growth/development. MAPK KINASE4 (MKK4) and MKK5 function redundantly upstream of MPK3 and MPK6 in these processes. YODA (YDA), also known as MAPK KINASE KINASE4 (MAPKKK4), is upstream of MKK4/MKK5 and forms a complete MAPK cascade (YDA-MKK4/MKK5-MPK3/MPK6) in regulating plant growth and development. In plant immunity, MAPKKK3 and MAPKKK5 function redundantly upstream of the same MKK4/MKK5-MPK3/MPK6 module. However, the residual activation of MPK3/MPK6 in the mapkkk3 mapkkk5 double mutant in response to flg22 pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) treatment suggests the presence of additional MAPKKK(s) in this MAPK cascade in signaling plant immunity. To investigate whether YDA is also involved in plant immunity, we attempted to generate mapkkk3 mapkkk5 yda triple mutants. However, it was not possible to recover one of the double mutant combinations (mapkkk5 yda) or the triple mutant (mapkkk3 mapkkk5 yda) due to a failure of embryogenesis. Using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) - CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) approach, we generated weak, N-terminal deletion alleles of YDA, yda-del, in a mapkkk3 mapkkk5 background. PAMP-triggered MPK3/MPK6 activation was further reduced in the mapkkk3 mapkkk5 yda-del mutant, and the triple mutant was more susceptible to pathogen infection, suggesting YDA also plays an important role in plant immune signaling. In addition, MAPKKK5 and, to a lesser extent, MAPKKK3 were found to contribute to gamete function and embryogenesis, together with YDA. While the double homozygous mapkkk3 yda mutant showed the same growth and development defects as the yda single mutant, mapkkk5 yda double mutant and mapkkk3 mapkkk5 yda triple mutants were embryo lethal, similar to the mpk3 mpk6 double mutants. These results demonstrate that YDA, MAPKKK3, and MAPKKK5 have overlapping functions upstream of the MKK4/MKK5-MPK3/MPK6 module in both plant immunity and growth/development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Liu
- Division of BiochemistryUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
| | - Emma Leary
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
| | - Obai Saffaf
- Division of BiochemistryUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
| | - R. Frank Baker
- Advanced Light Microscopy CoreUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Division of BiochemistryUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
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Athanasopoulou K, Adamopoulos PG, Scorilas A. Structural characterization and expression analysis of novel MAPK1 transcript variants with the development of a multiplexed targeted nanopore sequencing approach. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 150:106272. [PMID: 35878809 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) represent a protein family firmly involved in many signaling cascades, regulating a vast spectrum of stimulated cellular processes. Studies have shown that alternatively spliced isoforms of MAPKs play a crucial role in determining the desired cell fate in response to specific stimulations. Although the implication of most MAPKs transcript variants in the MAPK signaling cascades has been clarified, the transcriptional profile of a pivotal member, MAPK1, has not been investigated for the existence of additional isoforms. In the current study we developed and implemented targeted long-read and short-read sequencing approaches to identify novel MAPK1 splice variants. The combination of nanopore sequencing and NGS enabled the implementation of a long-read polishing pipeline using error-rate correction algorithms, which empowered the high accuracy of the results and increased the sequencing efficiency. The utilized multiplexing option in the nanopore sequencing approach allowed not only the identification of novel MAPK1 mRNAs, but also elucidated their expression profile in multiple human malignancies and non-cancerous cell lines. Our study highlights for the first time the existence of ten previously undescribed MAPK1 mRNAs (MAPK1 v.3 - v.12) and evaluates their relative expression levels in comparison to the main MAPK1 v.1. The optimization and employment of qPCR assays revealed that MAPK1 v.3 - v.12 can be quantified in a wide spectrum of human cell lines with notable specificity. Finally, our findings suggest that the novel protein-coding mRNAs are highly expected to participate in the regulation of MAPK pathways, demonstrating differential localizations and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Athanasopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis G Adamopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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18
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Zhang B, Yu L, Zhu R, Wei X, Fan X, Hu H, Yang D, Du H, Zhao M, Li L, Oh Y, Feng Y, Gu N. Malting barley carbon dots-mediated oxidative stress promotes insulin resistance in mice via NF-κB pathway and MAPK cascade. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:331. [PMID: 35842638 PMCID: PMC9288084 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01543-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food-borne carbon dots (CDs) are widely generated during food processing and are inevitably ingested by humans causing toxicity. However, the toxic effects of food-borne CDs on the blood glucose metabolism are unknown. Results In this study, we brewed beer via a representative strategy and extracted the melting-barley CDs (MBCDs) to explore the toxic effects on blood glucose in mice. We found the accumulation of fluorescent labeled MBCDs in various organs and oral administration of MBCDs can cause visceral toxicity, manifested as liver damage. Mice were orally administered MBCDs (5 and 25 mg/kg) for 16 weeks, and increased levels of fasting blood glucose were observed in both MBCDs-treated groups. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that MBCDs activate oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, the MAPK cascade, and PI3K/Akt signaling in mice livers. Mechanistically, MBCDs exposure-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction activates the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and MAPK cascade, thereby promoting phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 at Ser307 and inducing insulin resistance (IR). Meanwhile, the IR promoted gluconeogenesis, which enhanced MBCDs-induced hyperglycemia of mice. Importantly, inhibition of the ROS significantly attenuated the MBCDs-induced inflammatory response and MAPK cascade, thereby alleviating IR and hyperglycemia in mice. Conclusion In summary, this study revealed that MBCDs promote ROS overproduction and thus induced IR, resulting in imbalance of glucose homeostasis in mice. More importantly, this study was further assessed to reveal an imperative emphasis on the reevaluation of dietary and environmental CDs exposure, and has important implications for T2DM prevention research. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01543-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boya Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.,State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150006, China
| | - Lidong Yu
- School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ruijiao Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiangjuan Wei
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xingpei Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Hailong Hu
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19019, USA
| | - Daqian Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Haining Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Meimei Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yuri Oh
- Faculty of Education, Wakayama University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yujie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150006, China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150006, China.
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Ai G, Yang DL, Dou D. The warfare for plant highway: vascular plant-microbe interaction pinpoints lignin. Stress Biol 2022; 2:24. [PMID: 37676368 PMCID: PMC10441898 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant vascular pathogens are one kind of destructive pathogens in agricultural production. However, mechanisms behind the vascular pathogen-recognition and the subsequent defense responses of plants are not well known. A recent pioneering study on plant vascular immunity discovered a conserved MKP1-MPK-MYB signaling cascade that activates lignin biosynthesis in vascular tissues to confer vascular resistance in both monocot rice and the dicot Arabidopsis. The breakthrough provides a novel view on plant immunity to vascular pathogens and offers a potential strategy for the future breeding of disease-resistant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Ai
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dong-Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Daolong Dou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Tang D, Tang X, Fang W. New Downstream Signaling Branches of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades Identified in the Insect Pathogenic and Plant Symbiotic Fungus Metarhizium robertsii. Front Fungal Biol 2022; 3:911366. [PMID: 37746179 PMCID: PMC10512405 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.911366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Fungi rely on major signaling pathways such as the MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase) signaling pathways to regulate their responses to fluctuating environmental conditions, which is vital for fungi to persist in the environment. The cosmopolitan Metarhizium fungi have multiple lifestyles and remarkable stress tolerance. Some species, especially M. robertsii, are emerging models for investigating the mechanisms underlying ecological adaptation in fungi. Here we review recently identified new downstream branches of the MAPK cascades in M. robertsii, which controls asexual production (conidiation), insect infection and selection of carbon and nitrogen nutrients. The Myb transcription factor RNS1 appears to be a central regulator that channels information from the Fus3- and Slt2-MAPK cascade to activate insect infection and conidiation, respectively. Another hub regulator is the transcription factor AFTF1 that transduces signals from the Fus3-MAPK and the membrane protein Mr-OPY2 for optimal formation of the infection structures on the host cuticle. Homologs of these newly identified regulators are found in other Metarhizium species and many non-Metarhizium fungi, indicating that these new downstream signaling branches of the MAPK cascades could be widespread.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weiguo Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Science, Institute of Microbiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Wu H, Si Q, Liu J, Yang L, Zhang S, Xu J. Regulation of Arabidopsis Matrix Metalloproteinases by Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Their Function in Leaf Senescence. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:864986. [PMID: 35463412 PMCID: PMC9024413 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.864986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is a developmentally programmed cell death process that is influenced by a variety of endogenous signals and environmental factors. Here, we report that MPK3 and MPK6, two Arabidopsis mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs or MPKs), and their two upstream MAPK kinases (MAPKKs or MKKs), MKK4 and MKK5, are key regulators of leaf senescence. Weak induction of constitutively active MAPKKs driven by steroid-inducible promoter, which activates endogenous MPK3 and MPK6, induces leaf senescence. This gain-of-function phenotype requires functional endogenous MPK3 and MPK6. Furthermore, loss of function of both MKK4 and MKK5 delays leaf senescence. Expression profiling leads to the identification of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of zinc- and calcium-dependent endopeptidases, as the downstream target genes of MPK3/MPK6 cascade. MPK3/MPK6 activation-triggered leaf senescence is associated with rapid and strong induction of At3-MMP and At2-MMP. Expression of Arabidopsis MMP genes is strongly induced during leaf senescence, qualifying them as senescence-associated genes (SAGs). In addition, either constitutive or inducible overexpression of At3-MMP is sufficient to trigger leaf senescence. Based on these findings, we conclude that MPK3/MPK6 MAPK cascade and MMP target genes further downstream are involved in regulating leaf senescence in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Si
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liuyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Guo D, Hao C, Hou J, Zhao G, Shan W, Guo H, Wang C, Guo X. The Protein Phosphatase GhAP2C1 Interacts Together with GhMPK4 to Synergistically Regulate the Immune Response to Fusarium oxysporum in Cotton. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2014. [PMID: 35216128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade plays an important role in mediating responses to biotic and abiotic stresses and is the main pathway through which extracellular stimuli are transduced intracellularly as signals. Our previous research showed that the GhMKK6-GhMPK4 cascade signaling pathway plays an important role in cotton immunity. To further analyze the role and regulatory mechanism of the GhMKK6-GhMPK4 cascade signaling pathway in cotton resistance to Fusarium wilt, we functionally analyzed GhMPK4. Our results show that silencing GhMPK4 reduces cotton tolerance to Fusarium wilt and reduces the expression of several resistance genes. Further experiments revealed that GhMPK4 is similar to GhMKK6, both of whose overexpression cause unfavorable cotton immune response characteristics. By using a yeast two-hybrid screening library and performing a bioinformatics analysis, we screened and identified a negative regulator of the MAPK kinase-protein phosphatase AP2C1. Through the functional analysis of AP2C1, it was found that, after being silenced, GhAP2C1 increased resistance to Fusarium wilt, but GhAP2C1 overexpression caused sensitivity to Fusarium wilt. These findings show that GhAP2C1 interacts together with GhMPK4 to regulate the immune response of cotton to Fusarium oxysporum, which provides important data for functionally analyzing and studying the feedback regulatory mechanism of the MAPK cascade and helps to clarify the regulatory mechanism through which the MAPK cascade acts in response to pathogens.
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Chaparro-Encinas LA, Parra-Cota FI, Cruz-Mendívil A, Santoyo G, Peña-Cabriales JJ, Castro-Espinoza L, de Los Santos-Villalobos S. Transcriptional regulation of cell growth and reprogramming of systemic response in wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) seedlings by Bacillus paralicheniformis TRQ65. Planta 2022; 255:56. [PMID: 35106645 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03837-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus paralicheniformis TRQ65 reprograms the gene expression patterns associated with systemic response to potentially facilitate its colonization and stimulate cell growth and plant biomass. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) carry out numerous mechanisms that enhance growth in seedlings, such as nutrient solubilization, phytohormone production, biocontrol activity, and regulation of induced systemic resistance (ISR) and acquired systemic resistance (ASR). Bacillus paralicheniformis TRQ65 is a biological and plant growth-promoting bacterium isolated from wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) rhizosphere. In this study, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of wheat seedlings inoculated with the native rhizobacterium Bacillus paralicheniformis TRQ65 (1 × 107 cells∙g -1 of soil) at early development stages (GS15). A morphometrical assay was carried out to confirm growth promotion and after the cultivation period, TRQ65 was re-isolated to define inoculum persistence. Inoculated seedlings showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in shoot length (93.48%) and dry weight in both shoot (117.02%) and root (48.33%) tissues; also, the strain persisted in the soil at 1.4 × 107 UFC∙g-1 of soil. A total of 228 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (FDR < 0.05 and |log2 fold change|≥ 1.3) were observed in response to TRQ65 inoculation, of which 185 were down-regulated and 43 were up-regulated. The transcriptional patterns were characterized by the regulation of multidimensional cell growth (ROS, Ca+2 channel, and NADPH oxidases activity), suppression of defense mechanism (PR proteins, PDFs, ROS, transcription factors), induction of central stimuli receptors (RALF, WAK, MAPK), carbohydrate metabolism (invertase activity) and phytohormone-related transport (ABCG transporter and AAAP). These results suggest that B. paralicheniformis TRQ65 is a promising bioinoculant agent for increasing wheat growth and development by reprogramming ISR and ASR simultaneously, suppressing defense mechanisms and inducing central stimuli response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Chaparro-Encinas
- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, C.P. 85000, Col. Centro, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro (UAAAN) Unidad Laguna, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez, Valle Verde, 27054, Torreón, Coahuila, México
| | - Fannie I Parra-Cota
- Campo Experimental Norman E. Borlaug-CIRNO. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Norman E. Borlaug Km. 12, CP 85000, Valle del Yaqui, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Abraham Cruz-Mendívil
- Cátedras CONACYT, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación Para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (CIIDIR) Unidad Sinaloa, Guasave, Sinaloa, México
| | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Juan J Peña-Cabriales
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Campus Guanajuato, Irapuato Guanajuato, México
| | - Luciano Castro-Espinoza
- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, C.P. 85000, Col. Centro, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México
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Chen J, Wang L, Yang Z, Liu H, Chu C, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Li X, Xiao J, Wang S, Yuan M. The rice Raf-like MAPKKK OsILA1 confers broad-spectrum resistance to bacterial blight by suppressing the OsMAPKK4-OsMAPK6 cascade. J Integr Plant Biol 2021; 63:1815-1842. [PMID: 34270159 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) are the first components of MAPK cascades, which play pivotal roles in signaling during plant development and physiological processes. The genome of rice encodes 75 MAPKKKs, of which 43 are Raf-like MAPKKKs. The functions and action modes of most of the Raf-like MAPKKKs, whether they function as bona fide MAPKKKs and which are their downstream MAPKKs, are largely unknown. Here, we identified the osmapkkk43 mutant, which conferred broad-spectrum resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the destructive bacterial pathogen of rice. Oryza sativa (Os)MAPKKK43 encoding a Raf-like MAPKKK was previously known as Increased Leaf Angle 1 (OsILA1). Genetic analysis indicated that OsILA1 functioned as a negative regulator and acted upstream of the OsMAPKK4-OsMAPK6 cascade in rice-Xoo interactions. Unlike classical MAPKKKs, OsILA1 mainly phosphorylated the threonine 34 site at the N-terminal domain of OsMAPKK4, which possibly influenced the stability of OsMAPKK4. The N-terminal domain of OsILA1 is required for its homodimer formation and its full phosphorylation capacity. Taken together, our findings reveal that OsILA1 acts as a negative regulator of the OsMAPKK4-OsMAPK6 cascade and is involved in rice-Xoo interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lihan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zeyu Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuanliang Chu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xianghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinghua Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Kojima K, Ichijo H, Naguro I. Molecular functions of ASK family in diseases caused by stress-induced inflammation and apoptosis. J Biochem 2021; 169:395-407. [PMID: 33377973 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
VCells are constantly exposed to various types of stress, and disruption of the proper response leads to a variety of diseases. Among them, inflammation and apoptosis are important examples of critical responses and should be tightly regulated, as inappropriate control of these responses is detrimental to the organism. In several disease states, these responses are abnormally regulated, with adverse effects. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK) family members are stress-responsive kinases that regulate inflammation and apoptosis after a variety of stimuli, such as oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. In this review, we summarize recent reports on the ASK family in terms of their involvement in inflammatory diseases, focussing on upstream stimuli that regulate ASK family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kojima
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ichijo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Isao Naguro
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Mo S, Qian Y, Zhang W, Qian L, Wang Y, Cailin G, Ding H. Mitogen-activated protein kinase action in plant response to high-temperature stress: a mini review. Protoplasma 2021; 258:477-482. [PMID: 33392739 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, extreme weather events such as high temperature (HT) are becoming more frequent. HT has become one of the main environmental factors affecting crop growth and development. In nature, plant cells initiate corresponding tolerant mechanisms by sensing and transducing HT signals. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is widely involved in the signal transduction of plants to various environmental stresses. MAPK-mediated HT responses have attracted more and more attention. We herein focus on the current state of knowledge of MAPK in the plant under HT stress and summarize the mechanisms of MAPK in HT response from Ca2+ signal, reactive oxygen species (ROS) signal, heat shock transcription factor and heat shock protein, antioxidant system, and the direct downstream targets of MAPK. This review encapsulates the known plant MAPK cascade and provides prospects for ongoing research on HT response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangrong Mo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Ying Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Ge Cailin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Haidong Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Du Y, Chen X, Guo Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Li F, Huang G, Meng Y, Shan W. Erratum. New Phytol 2021; 230:878. [PMID: 33729595 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaokang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yalu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Houxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Guiyan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yuling Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Weixing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Li T, Xiu Q, Wang J, Duan Y, Zhou M. A Putative MAPK Kinase Kinase Gene Ssos4 is Involved in Mycelial Growth, Virulence, Osmotic Adaptation, and Sensitivity to Fludioxonil and is Essential for SsHog1 Phosphorylation in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Phytopathology 2021; 111:521-530. [PMID: 33044134 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-20-0292-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway, comprising a two-component system and the Hog1 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, plays a pivotal role in eukaryotic organisms. Previous studies suggested that the biological functions of some key genes in the HOG pathway varied in filamentous fungi. In this study, we characterized a putative MAPK kinase kinase gene, Ssos4, in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which encoded a phosphotransferase in the MAPK cascade. Compared with the wild-type progenitor HA61, the deletion mutant ∆Ssos4-63 exhibited impaired mycelial growth, sclerotia formation, increased hyphal branches, and decreased virulence. The deficiencies of the deletion mutant ∆Ssos4-63 were recovered when the full-length Ssos4 gene was complemented. Deletion of Ssos4 increased the sensitivity to osmotic stresses and cell wall agents and the resistance to fludioxonil and dimethachlon. Intracellular glycerol accumulation was not induced in the deletion mutant ∆Ssos4-63 when treated with fludioxonil and NaCl and the phosphorylation of SsHog1 was also cancelled by the deletion of Ssos4. Consistent with the glycerol accumulation and increased expression levels of SsglpA and Ssfps1, controlling glycerol synthesis and close of glycerol channel under hyperosmotic stress, respectively, were detected in the wild-type strain HA61 but not in the deletion mutant ∆Ssos4-63. Moreover, the relative expression level of Sshog1 significantly decreased, whereas the expression level of Ssos5 increased in the deletion mutant ∆Ssos4-63. These results indicated that Ssos4 played important roles in mycelial growth and differentiation, sclerotia formation, virulence, hyperosmotic adaptation, fungicide sensitivity, and the phosphorylation of SsHog1 in S. sclerotiorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qian Xiu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Chen J, Wang L, Yuan M. Update on the Roles of Rice MAPK Cascades. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1679. [PMID: 33562367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades have been validated playing critical roles in diverse aspects of plant biology, from growth and developmental regulation, biotic and abiotic stress responses, to phytohormone signal transduction or responses. A classical MAPK cascade consists of a MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK), a MAPK kinase (MAPKK), and a MAPK. From the 75 MAPKKKs, eight MAPKKs, and 15 MAPKs of rice, a number of them have been functionally deciphered. Here, we update recent advances in knowledge of the roles of rice MAPK cascades, including their components and complicated action modes, their diversified functions controlling rice growth and developmental responses, coordinating resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, and conducting phytohormone signal transduction. Moreover, we summarize several complete MAPK cascades that harbor OsMAPKKK-OsMAPKK-OsMAPK, their interaction with different upstream components and their phosphorylation of diverse downstream substrates to fulfill their multiple roles. Furthermore, we state a comparison of networks of rice MAPK cascades from signal transduction crosstalk to the precise selection of downstream substrates. Additionally, we discuss putative concerns for elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms and molecular functions of rice MAPK cascades in the future.
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Lin L, Wu J, Jiang M, Wang Y. Plant Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades in Environmental Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041543. [PMID: 33546499 PMCID: PMC7913722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to global warming and population growth, plants need to rescue themselves, especially in unfavorable environments, to fulfill food requirements because they are sessile organisms. Stress signal sensing is a crucial step that determines the appropriate response which, ultimately, determines the survival of plants. As important signaling modules in eukaryotes, plant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play a key role in regulating responses to the following four major environmental stresses: high salinity, drought, extreme temperature and insect and pathogen infections. MAPK cascades are involved in responses to these environmental stresses by regulating the expression of related genes, plant hormone production and crosstalk with other environmental stresses. In this review, we describe recent major studies investigating MAPK-mediated environmental stress responses. We also highlight the diverse function of MAPK cascades in environmental stress. These findings help us understand the regulatory network of MAPKs under environmental stress and provide another strategy to improve stress resistance in crops to ensure food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China;
| | - Jian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China;
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Mingyi Jiang
- College of Life Sciences and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Youping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China;
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.W.)
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Gao C, Sun P, Wang W, Tang D. Arabidopsis E3 ligase KEG associates with and ubiquitinates MKK4 and MKK5 to regulate plant immunity. J Integr Plant Biol 2021; 63:327-339. [PMID: 32877006 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are highly conserved signaling modules that regulate plant immune responses. The Arabidopsis thaliana Raf-like MAPK kinase kinase ENHANCED DISEASE RESISTANCE1 (EDR1) is a key negative regulator of plant immunity that affects the protein levels of MKK4 and MKK5, two important MAPK cascade members, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here, genome-wide phosphorylation analysis demonstrated that the E3 ligase KEEP ON GOING (KEG) is phosphorylated in the edr1 mutant but not the wild type, suggesting that EDR1 negatively affects KEG phosphorylation. The identified phosphorylation sites in KEG appear to be important for its accumulation. The keg-4 mutant, a previously identified edr1 suppressor, enhances susceptibility to the powdery mildew pathogen Golovinomyces cichoracearum. In addition, MKK4 and MKK5 protein levels are reduced in the keg-4 mutant. Furthermore, we demonstrate that MKK4 and MKK5 associate with full-length KEG, but not with truncated KEG-RK or KEG-RKA, and that KEG ubiquitinates and mediates the degradation of MKK4 and MKK5. Taken together, these results indicate that MKK4 and MKK5 protein levels are regulated by KEG via ubiquitination, uncovering a mechanism by which plants fine-tune immune responses by regulating the homeostasis of key MAPK cascade members via ubiquitination and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pengwei Sun
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dingzhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Ye J, Shi M, Chen W, Zhu F, Duan Q. Research Advances in the Molecular Functions and Relevant Diseases of TAOKs, Novel STE20 Kinase Family Members. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:3122-3133. [PMID: 32013821 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200203115458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As serine/threonine-protein kinases, Thousand and One Kinases(TAOKs) are members of the GCKlike superfamily, one of two well-known branches of the Ste20 kinase family. Within the last two decades, three functionally similar kinases, namely TAOK1-3, were identified. TAOKs are involved in many molecular and cellular events. Scholars widely believe that TAOKs act as kinases upstream of the MAPK cascade and as factors that interact with MST family kinases, the cytoskeleton, and apoptosis-associated proteins. Therefore, TAOKs are thought to function in tumorigenesis. Additionally, TAOKs participate in signal transduction induced by Notch, TCR, and IL-17. Recent studies found that TAOKs play roles in a series of diseases and conditions, such as the central nervous system dysfunction, herpes viral infection, immune system imbalance, urogenital system malformation during development, cardiovascular events, and childhood obesity. Therefore, inhibitory chemicals targeting TAOKs may be of great significance as potential drugs for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Mingjun Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541000, China
| | - Qiuhong Duan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Zhao D, Wang H, Chen S, Yu D, Reiter RJ. Phytomelatonin: An Emerging Regulator of Plant Biotic Stress Resistance. Trends Plant Sci 2021; 26:70-82. [PMID: 32896490 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin has diverse functions in plant development and stress tolerance, with recent evidence showing a beneficial role in plant biotic stress tolerance. It has been hypothesized that pathogenic invasion causes the immediate generation of melatonin, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), with these being mutually dependent, forming the integrative melatonin-ROS-RNS feedforward loop. Here we discuss how the loop, possibly located in the mitochondria and chloroplasts, maximizes disease resistance in the early pathogen ingress stage, providing on-site protection. We also review how melatonin interacts with phytohormone signaling pathways to mediate defense responses and discuss the evolutionary context from the beginnings of the melatonin receptor-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade in unicellular green algae, followed by the occurrence of phytohormone pathways in land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dake Zhao
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Plant Disease and Pest, Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease and Pest, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
| | - Houping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Suiyun Chen
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Plant Disease and Pest, Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease and Pest, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Diqiu Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UT Health), San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Chen X, Ding Y, Yang Y, Song C, Wang B, Yang S, Guo Y, Gong Z. Protein kinases in plant responses to drought, salt, and cold stress. J Integr Plant Biol 2021; 63:53-78. [PMID: 33399265 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases are major players in various signal transduction pathways. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses has become critical for developing and breeding climate-resilient crops. In this review, we summarize recent progress on understanding plant drought, salt, and cold stress responses, with a focus on signal perception and transduction by different protein kinases, especially sucrose nonfermenting1 (SNF1)-related protein kinases (SnRKs), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs/CPKs), and receptor-like kinases (RLKs). We also discuss future challenges in these research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanglin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chunpeng Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, Henan Province, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250000, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071001, China
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Du Y, Chen X, Guo Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Li F, Huang G, Meng Y, Shan W. Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector PITG20303 targets a potato MKK1 protein to suppress plant immunity. New Phytol 2021; 229:501-515. [PMID: 32772378 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens secret a plethora of effectors into the host cell to modulate plant immunity. Analysing the role of effectors in altering the function of their host target proteins will reveal critical components of the plant immune system. Here we show that Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector PITG20303, a virulent variant of AVRblb2 (PITG20300) that escapes recognition by the resistance protein Rpi-blb2, suppresses PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and promotes pathogen colonization by targeting and stabilizing a potato MAPK cascade protein, StMKK1. Both PITG20300 and PITG20303 target StMKK1, as confirmed by multiple in vivo and in vitro assays, and StMKK1 was shown to be a negative regulator of plant immunity, as determined by overexpression and gene silencing. StMKK1 is a negative regulator of plant PTI, and the kinase activities of StMKK1 are required for its suppression of PTI and effector interaction. PITG20303 depends partially on MKK1, PITG20300 does not depend on MKK1 for suppression of PTI-induced reactive oxygen species burst, while the full virulence activities of nuclear targeted PITG20303 and PITG20300 are dependent on MKK1. Our results show that PITG20303 and PITG20300 target and stabilize the plant MAPK cascade signalling protein StMKK1 to negatively regulate plant PTI response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaokang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yalu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Houxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Guiyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yuling Meng
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Weixing Shan
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
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Pandey P, Zaman K, Prokai L, Shulaev V. Comparative Proteomics Analysis Reveals Unique Early Signaling Response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Oxidants with Different Mechanism of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010167. [PMID: 33375274 PMCID: PMC7795614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The early signaling events involved in oxidant recognition and triggering of oxidant-specific defense mechanisms to counteract oxidative stress still remain largely elusive. Our discovery driven comparative proteomics analysis revealed unique early signaling response of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the proteome level to oxidants with a different mechanism of action as early as 3 min after treatment with four oxidants, namely H2O2, cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), and menadione and diamide, when protein abundances were compared using label-free quantification relying on a high-resolution mass analyzer (Orbitrap). We identified significant regulation of 196 proteins in response to H2O2, 569 proteins in response to CHP, 369 proteins in response to menadione and 207 proteins in response to diamide. Only 17 proteins were common across all treatments, but several more proteins were shared between two or three oxidants. Pathway analyses revealed that each oxidant triggered a unique signaling mechanism associated with cell survival and repair. Signaling pathways mostly regulated by oxidants were Ran, TOR, Rho, and eIF2. Furthermore, each oxidant regulated these pathways in a unique way indicating specificity of response to oxidants having different modes of action. We hypothesize that interplay of these signaling pathways may be important in recognizing different oxidants to trigger different downstream MAPK signaling cascades and to induce specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajita Pandey
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA;
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute (AERI), University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Khadiza Zaman
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (K.Z.); (L.P.)
| | - Laszlo Prokai
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (K.Z.); (L.P.)
| | - Vladimir Shulaev
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA;
- Advanced Environmental Research Institute (AERI), University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-940-369-5368
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Sha QQ, Zhang J, Fan HY. A story of birth and death: mRNA translation and clearance at the onset of maternal-to-zygotic transition in mammals†. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:579-590. [PMID: 30715134 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals, maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT), or oocyte-to-embryo transition, begins with oocyte meiotic resumption due to the sequential translational activation and destabilization of dormant maternal transcripts stored in the ooplasm. It then continues with the elimination of maternal transcripts during oocyte maturation and fertilization and ends with the full transcriptional activation of the zygotic genome during embryonic development. A hallmark of MZT in mammals is its reliance on translation and the utilization of stored RNAs and proteins, rather than de novo transcription of genes, to sustain meiotic maturation and early development. Impaired maternal mRNA clearance at the onset of MZT prevents zygotic genome activation and causes early arrest of developing embryos. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our knowledge of the mechanisms whereby mRNA translation and degradation are controlled by cytoplasmic polyadenylation and deadenylation which set up the competence of maturing oocyte to accomplish MZT. The emphasis of this review is on the mouse as a model organism for mammals and BTG4 as a licensing factor of MZT under the translational control of the MAPK cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Sha
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng-Yu Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province; Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Chatterjee A, Paul A, Unnati GM, Rajput R, Biswas T, Kar T, Basak S, Mishra N, Pandey A, Srivastava AP. MAPK cascade gene family in Camellia sinensis: In-silico identification, expression profiles and regulatory network analysis. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:613. [PMID: 32894062 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) cascade is a fundamental pathway in organisms for signal transduction. Though it is well characterized in various plants, there is no systematic study of this cascade in tea. RESULT In this study, 5 genes of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Kinase (MKK) and 16 genes of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MPK) in Camellia sinensis were found through a genome-wide search taking Arabidopsis thaliana as the reference genome. Also, phylogenetic relationships along with structural analysis which includes gene structure, location as well as protein conserved motifs and domains, were systematically examined and further, predictions were validated by the results. The plant species taken for comparative study clearly displayed segmental duplication, which was a significant candidate for MAPK cascade expansion. Also, functional interaction was carried out in C. sinensis based on the orthologous genes in Arabidopsis. The expression profiles linked to various stress treatments revealed wide involvement of MAPK and MAPKK genes from Tea in response to various abiotic factors. In addition, the expression of these genes was analysed in various tissues. CONCLUSION This study provides the targets for further comprehensive identification, functional study, and also contributed for a better understanding of the MAPK cascade regulatory network in C. sinensis.
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Motta M, Pannone L, Pantaleoni F, Bocchinfuso G, Radio FC, Cecchetti S, Ciolfi A, Di Rocco M, Elting MW, Brilstra EH, Boni S, Mazzanti L, Tamburrino F, Walsh L, Payne K, Fernández-Jaén A, Ganapathi M, Chung WK, Grange DK, Dave-Wala A, Reshmi SC, Bartholomew DW, Mouhlas D, Carpentieri G, Bruselles A, Pizzi S, Bellacchio E, Piceci-Sparascio F, Lißewski C, Brinkmann J, Waclaw RR, Waisfisz Q, van Gassen K, Wentzensen IM, Morrow MM, Álvarez S, Martínez-García M, De Luca A, Memo L, Zampino G, Rossi C, Seri M, Gelb BD, Zenker M, Dallapiccola B, Stella L, Prada CE, Martinelli S, Flex E, Tartaglia M. Enhanced MAPK1 Function Causes a Neurodevelopmental Disorder within the RASopathy Clinical Spectrum. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:499-513. [PMID: 32721402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction through the RAF-MEK-ERK pathway, the first described mitogen-associated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, mediates multiple cellular processes and participates in early and late developmental programs. Aberrant signaling through this cascade contributes to oncogenesis and underlies the RASopathies, a family of cancer-prone disorders. Here, we report that de novo missense variants in MAPK1, encoding the mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (i.e., extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 2, ERK2), cause a neurodevelopmental disease within the RASopathy phenotypic spectrum, reminiscent of Noonan syndrome in some subjects. Pathogenic variants promote increased phosphorylation of the kinase, which enhances translocation to the nucleus and boosts MAPK signaling in vitro and in vivo. Two variant classes are identified, one of which directly disrupts binding to MKP3, a dual-specificity protein phosphatase negatively regulating ERK function. Importantly, signal dysregulation driven by pathogenic MAPK1 variants is stimulus reliant and retains dependence on MEK activity. Our data support a model in which the identified pathogenic variants operate with counteracting effects on MAPK1 function by differentially impacting the ability of the kinase to interact with regulators and substrates, which likely explains the minor role of these variants as driver events contributing to oncogenesis. After nearly 20 years from the discovery of the first gene implicated in Noonan syndrome, PTPN11, the last tier of the MAPK cascade joins the group of genes mutated in RASopathies.
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Li K, Fan Y, Xu Z, Xu C. Role of AhR and Foxo1 in skin inflammation in burn animal model via MAPK signaling pathway. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2020; 66:53-58. [PMID: 32415927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Burn generally refers to thermal damage, including tissue damage caused by hydrothermal (water, soup, oil, etc.), flame, steam, high-temperature gas, hot metal liquid or solid (such as molten steel, ingot). However, little is known about the pathogenesis and inducement of skin inflammation in burned rats. Therefore, this study has carried out an in-depth analysis of the related causes of skin inflammation in burned rats. We analyzed the gene expression and the differentially expressed genes co-expression in burned rats. Subsequently, a set of functional dysfunction modules about inflammation of skin tissue in burned rats were obtained by comprehensive enrichment analysis. In addition, based on related network prediction analysis, we identified a number of regulatory factors, such as endogenous genes, nCRNAs, and transcription factors that have potential monitoring effects on skin inflammation in burned rats. Firstly, we obtained 2679 differentially expressed genes and 7 disease-related dysfunction modules in burned rats. Secondly, we identified a series of regulators related to skin inflammation in burned rats, including 117 ncRNAs (including miR-17-5p, miR-122-5p, and miR-140-5p), 31 transcription factors (including AhR, Foxo1 and Sp1) and 10 endogenous genes (including Il5, Atp5d, and Cox4i1). Core transcription factors AhR and Foxo1 may induce skin inflammation in burned rats through the cascade of MAPK signals. According to the results of this study, we can show a new method for biologists and pharmacists to reveal the inducement of skin inflammation in burned rats and provide a valuable reference for different treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitong Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong 255036, P.R.China
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Dermatology, Jinxiang People's Hospital, Shandong 272100, P.R.China
| | - Zongjie Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Jinan City People's Hospital, Shandong 271199, P.R.China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong 255036, P.R.China
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Asano T, Nguyen THN, Yasuda M, Sidiq Y, Nishimura K, Nakashita H, Nishiuchi T. Arabidopsis MAPKKK δ-1 is required for full immunity against bacterial and fungal infection. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:2085-2097. [PMID: 31844896 PMCID: PMC7094076 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The genome of Arabidopsis encodes more than 60 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) kinases (MAPKKKs); however, the functions of most MAPKKKs and their downstream MAPKKs are largely unknown. Here, MAPKKK δ-1 (MKD1), a novel Raf-like MAPKKK, was isolated from Arabidopsis as a subunit of a complex including the transcription factor AtNFXL1, which is involved in the trichothecene phytotoxin response and in disease resistance against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (PstDC3000). A MKD1-dependent cascade positively regulates disease resistance against PstDC3000 and the trichothecene mycotoxin-producing fungal pathogen Fusarium sporotrichioides. MKD1 expression was induced by trichothecenes derived from Fusarium species. MKD1 directly interacted with MKK1 and MKK5 in vivo, and phosphorylated MKK1 and MKK5 in vitro. Correspondingly, mkk1 mutants and MKK5RNAi transgenic plants showed enhanced susceptibility to F. sporotrichioides. MKD1 was required for full activation of two MAPKs (MPK3 and MPK6) by the T-2 toxin and flg22. Finally, quantitative phosphoproteomics suggested that an MKD1-dependent cascade controlled phosphorylation of a disease resistance protein, SUMO, and a mycotoxin-detoxifying enzyme. Our findings suggest that the MKD1-MKK1/MKK5-MPK3/MPK6-dependent signaling cascade is involved in the full immune responses against both bacterial and fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Asano
- Institute for Gene Research, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Thi Hang-Ni Nguyen
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Michiko Yasuda
- Plant Acquired Immunity Research Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasir Sidiq
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kohji Nishimura
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - Hideo Nakashita
- Plant Acquired Immunity Research Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takumi Nishiuchi
- Institute for Gene Research, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
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Cui L, Yang G, Yan J, Pan Y, Nie X. Genome-wide identification, expression profiles and regulatory network of MAPK cascade gene family in barley. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:750. [PMID: 31623562 PMCID: PMC6796406 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is a conserved and universal signal transduction module in organisms. Although it has been well characterized in many plants, no systematic analysis has been conducted in barley. RESULTS Here, we identified 20 MAPKs, 6 MAPKKs and 156 MAPKKKs in barley through a genome-wide search against the updated reference genome. Then, phylogenetic relationship, gene structure and conserved protein motifs organization of them were systematically analyzed and results supported the predictions. Gene duplication analysis revealed that segmental and tandem duplication events contributed to the expansion of barley MAPK cascade genes and the duplicated gene pairs were found to undergone strong purifying selection. Expression profiles of them were further investigated in different organs and under diverse abiotic stresses using the available 173 RNA-seq datasets, and then the tissue-specific and stress-responsive candidates were found. Finally, co-expression regulatory network of MAPK cascade genes was constructed by WGCNA tool, resulting in a complicated network composed of a total of 72 branches containing 46 HvMAPK cascade genes and 46 miRNAs. CONCLUSION This study provides the targets for further functional study and also contribute to better understand the MAPK cascade regulatory network in barley and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.,College of Life Science, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiali Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojun Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Shen L, Zhuang B, Wu Q, Zhang H, Nie J, Jing W, Yang L, Zhang W. Phosphatidic acid promotes the activation and plasma membrane localization of MKK7 and MKK9 in response to salt stress. Plant Sci 2019; 287:110190. [PMID: 31481213 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a lipid secondary messenger involved in intracellular signaling in eukaryotes. It has been confirmed that PA mediates salt stress signaling by promoting activation of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 6 (MPK6) which phosphorylates Na+/H+ antiporter SOS1. However, the MPK6-upstream kinases and their relationship to PA remain unclear. Here, we found that, among the six tested Arabidopsis Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Kinases (MKKs), PA specifically bound to MKK7 and MKK9 which phosphorylate MPK6, and promoted the activation of MKK7/MKK9. Based on phenotypic and physiological analyses, we found that MKK7 and MKK9 positively regulate Arabidopsis salt tolerance and are functionally redundant. NaCl treatment can induce significant increase in MKK7/MKK9 activities, and this depends, in part, on the Phospholipase Dα1 (PLDα1). MKK7 and MKK9 also mediate the NaCl-induced activation of MPK6. Furthermore, PA or NaCl treatment could induce translocation of MKK7/MKK9 to the plasma membrane, whereas this translocation disappeared in pldα1. These results indicate that PA binds to MKK7 and MKK9, increases their kinase activity and plasma membrane localization during Arabidopsis response to salt stress. Together with the PA-MPK6-SOS1 pathway identified previously, this mechanism may maximize the signal transduction efficiency, providing novel insights into the link between lipid signaling and MAPK cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Like Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Baocheng Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Lele Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Chen T, Wagner AS, Tams RN, Eyer JE, Kauffman SJ, Gann ER, Fernandez EJ, Reynolds TB. Lrg1 Regulates β (1,3)-Glucan Masking in Candida albicans through the Cek1 MAP Kinase Pathway. mBio 2019; 10:e01767-19. [PMID: 31530671 PMCID: PMC6751057 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01767-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is among the most prevalent opportunistic human fungal pathogens. The ability to mask the immunogenic polysaccharide β (1,3)-glucan from immune detection via a layer of mannosylated proteins is a key virulence factor of C. albicans We previously reported that hyperactivation of the Cek1 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway promotes β (1,3)-glucan exposure. In this communication, we report a novel upstream regulator of Cek1 activation and characterize the impact of Cek1 activity on fungal virulence. Lrg1 encodes a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that has been suggested to inhibit the GTPase Rho1. We found that disruption of LRG1 causes Cek1 hyperactivation and β (1,3)-glucan unmasking. However, when GTPase activation was measured for a panel of GTPases, the lrg1ΔΔ mutant exhibited increased activation of Cdc42 and Ras1 but not Rho1 or Rac1. Unmasking and Cek1 activation in the lrg1ΔΔ mutant can be blocked by inhibition of the Ste11 MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK), indicating that the lrg1ΔΔ mutant acts through the canonical Cek1 MAP kinase cascade. In order to determine how Cek1 hyperactivation specifically impacts virulence, a doxycycline-repressible hyperactive STE11ΔN467 allele was expressed in C. albicans In the absence of doxycycline, this allele overexpressed STE11ΔN467 , which induced production of proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) from murine macrophages. This in vitro phenotype correlates with decreased colonization and virulence in a mouse model of systemic infection. The mechanism by which Ste11ΔN467 causes unmasking was explored with RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis. Overexpression of Ste11ΔN467 caused upregulation of the Cph1 transcription factor and of a group of cell wall-modifying proteins which are predicted to impact cell wall architecture.IMPORTANCECandida albicans is an important source of systemic infections in humans. The ability to mask the immunogenic cell wall polymer β (1,3)-glucan from host immune surveillance contributes to fungal virulence. We previously reported that the hyperactivation of the Cek1 MAP kinase cascade promotes cell wall unmasking, thus increasing strain immunogenicity. In this study, we identified a novel regulator of the Cek1 pathway called Lrg1. Lrg1 is a predicted GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that represses Cek1 activity by downregulating the GTPase Cdc42 and its downstream MAPKKK, Ste11. Upregulation of Cek1 activity diminished fungal virulence in the mouse model of infection, and this correlates with increased cytokine responses from macrophages. We also analyzed the transcriptional profile determined during β (1,3)-glucan exposure driven by Cek1 hyperactivation. Our report provides a model where Cek1 hyperactivation causes β (1,3)-glucan exposure by upregulation of cell wall proteins and leads to more robust immune detection in vivo, promoting more effective clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Chen
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Andrew S Wagner
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Robert N Tams
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - James E Eyer
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sarah J Kauffman
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Eric R Gann
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Elias J Fernandez
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Todd B Reynolds
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
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Jeronimo G, Pérez Millán M, Solernó P. Identifiability from a Few Species for a Class of Biochemical Reaction Networks. Bull Math Biol 2019; 81:2133-75. [PMID: 30945101 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-019-00594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Under mass-action kinetics, biochemical reaction networks give rise to polynomial autonomous dynamical systems whose parameters are often difficult to estimate. We deal in this paper with the problem of identifying the kinetic parameters of a class of biochemical networks which are abundant, such as multisite phosphorylation systems and phosphorylation cascades (for example, MAPK cascades). For any system of this class, we explicitly exhibit a single species for each connected component of the associated digraph such that the successive total derivatives of its concentration allow us to identify all the parameters occurring in the component. The number of derivatives needed is bounded essentially by the length of the corresponding connected component of the digraph. Moreover, in the particular case of the cascades, we show that the parameters can be identified from a bounded number of successive derivatives of the last product of the last layer. This theoretical result induces also a heuristic interpolation-based identifiability procedure to recover the values of the rate constants from exact measurements.
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Lee H, Jun YS, Cha OK, Sheen J. Mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK3 and MPK6 are required for stem cell maintenance in the Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem. Plant Cell Rep 2019; 38:311-319. [PMID: 30552452 PMCID: PMC6573032 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2367-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE CLV3p-mediated phosphorylation of MPK3 and MPK6 occurs via CLV1 and BAM1 receptors to regulate the maintenance of SAM development. The CLAVATA peptide-receptor (CLV3p-CLV1) pathway modulates a homeodomain master regulator WUSCHEL (WUS) transcription factor in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) with poorly defined signaling mechanisms. Here, we report that mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs, also known as MPKs in plants) act in an intracellular signaling cascade to play an important role in the maintenance of SAM development. Interestingly, the application of exogenous CLV3p triggers rapid signaling in the SAM via dynamic activation of MPK3 and MPK6, which are positively regulated by both CLV1 and BARELY ANY MERISTEM 1 (BAM1) receptors. Surprisingly, the timing of MAPK activation is tightly correlated with the transcriptional repression of WUS expression in the SAM, indicating a fast CLV3p-CLV1/BAM1 signaling event. Furthermore, conditional mpk3,6 double mutants exhibited CLV3p insensitivity in stem cell maintenance manifested by the persistent SAM growth in the presence of exogenous CLV3p signals, as well as elevated WUS expression and repressed WUS-specific target genes. Taken together, these results suggest that MPK3 and MPK6 activated by CLV3p signals through mainly CLV1 and BAM1 receptors are key regulators controlling stem cell homeostasis in the SAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horim Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, South Korea.
| | - Ye Sol Jun
- Department of Biotechnology, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, South Korea
| | - Ok-Kyoung Cha
- Department of Biotechnology, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, South Korea
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jen Sheen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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Neupane S, Schweitzer SE, Neupane A, Andersen EJ, Fennell A, Zhou R, Nepal MP. Identification and Characterization of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Genes in Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.). Plants (Basel) 2019; 8:E28. [PMID: 30678298 PMCID: PMC6409774 DOI: 10.3390/plants8020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) genes encode proteins that regulate biotic and abiotic stresses in plants through signaling cascades comprised of three major subfamilies: MAP Kinase (MPK), MAPK Kinase (MKK), and MAPKK Kinase (MKKK). The main objectives of this research were to conduct genome-wide identification of MAPK genes in Helianthus annuus and examine functional divergence of these genes in relation to those in nine other plant species (Amborella trichopoda, Aquilegia coerulea, Arabidopsis thaliana, Daucus carota, Glycine max, Oryza sativa, Solanum lycopersicum, Sphagnum fallax, and Vitis vinifera), representing diverse taxonomic groups of the Plant Kingdom. A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) profile of the MAPK genes utilized reference sequences from A. thaliana and G. max, yielding a total of 96 MPKs and 37 MKKs in the genomes of A. trichopoda, A. coerulea, C. reinhardtii, D. carota, H. annuus, S. lycopersicum, and S. fallax. Among them, 28 MPKs and eight MKKs were confirmed in H. annuus. Phylogenetic analyses revealed four clades within each subfamily. Transcriptomic analyses showed that at least 19 HaMPK and seven HaMKK genes were induced in response to salicylic acid (SA), sodium chloride (NaCl), and polyethylene glycol (Peg) in leaves and roots. Of the seven published sunflower microRNAs, five microRNA families are involved in targeting eight MPKs. Additionally, we discussed the need for using MAP Kinase nomenclature guidelines across plant species. Our identification and characterization of MAP Kinase genes would have implications in sunflower crop improvement, and in advancing our knowledge of the diversity and evolution of MAPK genes in the Plant Kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Neupane
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
| | - Sarah E Schweitzer
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
| | - Achal Neupane
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
| | - Ethan J Andersen
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
| | - Anne Fennell
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
| | - Ruanbao Zhou
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
| | - Madhav P Nepal
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
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Mao X, Zhang J, Liu W, Yan S, Liu Q, Fu H, Zhao J, Huang W, Dong J, Zhang S, Yang T, Yang W, Liu B, Wang F. The MKKK62-MKK3-MAPK7/14 module negatively regulates seed dormancy in rice. Rice (N Y) 2019; 12:2. [PMID: 30671680 PMCID: PMC6342742 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seed dormancy directly affects the phenotype of pre-harvest sprouting, and ultimately affects the quality and yield of rice seeds. Although many genes controlling seed dormancy have been cloned from cereals, the regulatory mechanisms controlling this process are complex, and much remains unknown. The MAPK cascade is involved in many signal transduction pathways. Recently, MKK3 has been reported to be involved in the regulation of seed dormancy, but its mechanism of action is unclear. RESULTS We found that MKKK62-overexpressing rice lines (OE) lost seed dormancy. Further analyses showed that the abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity of OE lines was decreased. In yeast two-hybrid experiments, MKKK62 interacted with MKK3, and MKK3 interacted with MAPK7 and MAPK14. Knock-out experiments confirmed that MKK3, MAPK7, and MAPK14 were involved in the regulation of seed dormancy. The OE lines showed decreased transcript levels of OsMFT, a homolog of a gene that controls seed dormancy in wheat. The up-regulation of OsMFT in MKK3-knockout lines (OE/mkk3) and MAPK7/14-knockout lines (OE/mapk7/mapk14) indicated that the MKKK62-MKK3-MAPK7/MAPK14 system controlled seed dormancy by regulating the transcription of OsMFT. CONCLUSION Our results showed that MKKK62 negatively controls seed dormancy in rice, and that during the germination stage and the late stage of seed maturation, ABA sensitivity and OsMFT transcription are negatively controlled by MKKK62. Our results have clarified the entire MAPK cascade controlling seed dormancy in rice. Together, these results indicate that protein modification by phosphorylation plays a key role in controlling seed dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxue Mao
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rice Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, SCAU, Guangzhou, 510642 China
| | - Wuge Liu
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rice Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Shijuan Yan
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Qing Liu
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rice Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Hua Fu
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rice Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Junliang Zhao
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rice Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Jingfang Dong
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rice Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Shaohong Zhang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rice Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Tifeng Yang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rice Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Wu Yang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rice Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Bin Liu
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rice Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Feng Wang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rice Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangzhou, 510640 China
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Lee C, Wu Y, Hsueh C, Huang Y, Hsu Y, Meng M. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 reduces the replication efficiency of Bamboo mosaic virus in Nicotiana benthamiana. Mol Plant Pathol 2018; 19:2319-2332. [PMID: 29806182 PMCID: PMC6638022 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are the central signaling pathways of the complicated defense network triggered by the perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns to repel pathogens. The Arabidopsis thaliana MAPK phosphatase 1 (AtMKP1) negatively regulates the activation of MAPKs. Recently, the AtMKP1 homolog of Nicotiana benthamiana (NbMKP1) was found in association with the Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) replication complex. This study aimed to investigate the role of NbMKP1 in BaMV multiplication in N. benthamiana. Silencing of NbMKP1 increased accumulations of the BaMV-encoded proteins and the viral genomic RNA, although the same condition reduced the infectivity of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in N. benthamiana. On the other hand, overexpression of NbMKP1 decreased the BaMV coat protein accumulation in a phosphatase activity-dependent manner in protoplasts. NbMKP1 also negatively affected the in vitro RNA polymerase activity of the BaMV replication complex. Collectively, the activity of NbMKP1 seems to reduce BaMV multiplication, inconsistent with the negatively regulatory role of MKP1 in MAPK cascades in terms of warding off fungal and bacterial invasion. In addition, silencing of NbMKP1 increased the accumulation of Foxtail mosaic virus but decreased Potato virus X. The discrepant effects exerted by NbMKP1 on different pathogens foresee the difficulty to develop plants with broad-spectrum resistance through genetically manipulating a single player in MAPK cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Cheng Lee
- Graduate Institute of BiotechnologyNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC40227
| | - Yi‐Jhen Wu
- Graduate Institute of BiotechnologyNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC40227
| | - Chia‐Hsin Hsueh
- Graduate Institute of BiotechnologyNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC40227
| | - Yu‐Ting Huang
- Graduate Institute of BiotechnologyNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC40227
| | - Yau‐Heiu Hsu
- Graduate Institute of BiotechnologyNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC40227
| | - Menghsiao Meng
- Graduate Institute of BiotechnologyNational Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan, ROC40227
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Sherr
- Charles J. Sherr: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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