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Bouhaben J, Delgado-Lima AH, Delgado-Losada ML. The role of olfactory dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 123:105425. [PMID: 38615524 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This comprehensive meta-analysis investigates the association between olfactory deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS A thorough search across databases identified articles analyzing olfactory status in MCI or AD patients. Methodological quality assessment followed PRISMA guidelines. Hedges' g effect size statistic computed standard mean differences and 95% confidence intervals. Moderator analysis was conducted. RESULTS Among the included studies (65 for MCI and 61 for AD), odor identification exhibited larger effect sizes compared to odor threshold and discrimination, in both MCI and AD samples. Moderate effect size is found in OI scores in MCI (k = 65, SE = 0.078, CI 95% = [-1.151, -0.844]). Furthermore, compared to MCI, AD had moderate to large heterogeneous effects in olfactory identification (k = 61, g = -2.062, SE = 0.125, CI 95% = [-2.308, -1.816]). Global cognitive status is positively related to olfactory identification impairment in both MCI (k = 57, Z = 2.74, p = 0.006) and AD (k = 53, Z = 5.03, p < 0.0001) samples. CONCLUSION Olfactory impairments exhibit a notable and substantial presence in MCI. Among these impairments, odor identification experiences the greatest decline in MCI, mirroring the primary sensory deficit observed in AD. Consequently, the incorporation of a straightforward odor identification test is advisable in the evaluation of individuals vulnerable to the onset of AD, offering a practical screening tool for early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Bouhaben
- Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcon, Spain
| | - Alice Helena Delgado-Lima
- Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcon, Spain
| | - María Luisa Delgado-Losada
- Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcon, Spain.
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Camprodon-Boadas P, De Prisco M, Rabelo-da-Ponte FD, Sugranyes G, Clougher D, Baeza I, Torrent C, Castro-Fornieles J, Tosetti Y, Vieta E, de la Serna E, Amoretti S. Cognitive reserve and cognition in mood disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2024; 339:116083. [PMID: 39003801 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive functioning heterogeneity is a well-recognized phenomenon in individuals diagnosed with mood disorders. Cognitive Reserve (CR) has been linked to multiple positive outcomes, including cognitive performance in these patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between CR and cognitive functioning in individuals with mood disorders, including bipolar disorder and depressive disorders. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted of original research exploring the relationship between CR and cognitive performance in adult individuals with mood disorders. The literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, from 2002 to September 2023, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of studies. Overall, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review and 11 for the meta-analysis. Both qualitative and quantitative findings suggested a positive relationship between CR measures and cognitive domains. CR emerges as a possible protective factor for cognitive functioning in adult individuals with mood disorders, potentially helping to mitigate the cognitive impairments associated with the disorder. These findings underscore the importance of the fact that promoting and enhancing CR could help in the cognitive prognosis of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Camprodon-Boadas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM; Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Michele De Prisco
- Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Gisela Sugranyes
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM
| | - Derek Clougher
- Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; BIOARABA, Department of Psychiatry. Hospital Universitario de Alava. University of the Basque Country, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Baeza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM; Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Torrent
- Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM; Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yamila Tosetti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena de la Serna
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM
| | - Silvia Amoretti
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM; Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictions, Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Yerramalla MS, Darin‐Mattsson A, Udeh‐Momoh CT, Holleman J, Kåreholt I, Aspö M, Hagman G, Kivipelto M, Solomon A, Marseglia A, Sindi S. Cognitive reserve, cortisol, and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: A memory clinic study. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:4486-4498. [PMID: 38837661 PMCID: PMC11247673 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive reserve might mitigate the risk of Alzheimer's dementia among memory clinic patients. No study has examined the potential modifying role of stress on this relation. METHODS We examined cross-sectional associations of the cognitive reserve index (CRI; education, occupational complexity, physical and leisure activities, and social health) with cognitive performance and AD-related biomarkers among 113 memory clinic patients. The longitudinal association between CRI and cognition over a 3-year follow-up was assessed. We examined whether associations were influenced by perceived stress and five measures of diurnal salivary cortisol. RESULTS Higher CRI scores were associated with better cognition. Adjusting for cortisol measures reduced the beneficial association of CRI on cognition. A higher CRI score was associated with better working memory in individuals with higher (favorable) cortisol AM/PM ratio, but not among individuals with low cortisol AM/PM ratio. No association was found between CRI and AD-related biomarkers. DISCUSSION Physiological stress reduces the neurocognitive benefits of cognitive reserve among memory clinic patients. HIGHLIGHTS Physiological stress may reduce the neurocognitive benefits accrued from cognitively stimulating and enriching life experiences (cognitive reserve [CR]) in memory clinic patients. Cortisol awakening response modified the relation between CR and P-tau181, a marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Effective stress management techniques for AD and related dementia prevention are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasa Shanta Yerramalla
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | | | - Chinedu T Udeh‐Momoh
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Brain and Mind InstituteThe Aga Khan UniversityNairobiKenya
- Department of Epidemiology and PreventionWake Forest UniversityWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Jasper Holleman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Ingemar Kåreholt
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Aging Research CenterKarolinska Institutet and Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
- Institute of GerontologySchool of Health and WelfareJönköping UniversityJönköpingSweden
| | - Malin Aspö
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Theme Inflammation and AgingKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Göran Hagman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Theme Inflammation and AgingKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Theme Inflammation and AgingKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Alina Solomon
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Theme Inflammation and AgingKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, NeurologyUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Anna Marseglia
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Shireen Sindi
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and SocietyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
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Contemori G, Saccani MS, Bonato M. Cognitive-Cognitive Dual-task in aging: A cross-sectional online study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302152. [PMID: 38848421 PMCID: PMC11161073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly dementia, is on the rise across many countries worldwide. This negative trend calls for improving our understanding of cognitive aging. While motor-cognitive dual-task approaches have already been proven valuable for clinical diagnosis, comparatively less research is available on the application of Cognitive-Cognitive Dual-Tasking (CCDT), across several cognitive domains. Moreover, there is limited understanding about how healthy aging affects performance in such dual-tasks in the general population. CCDT entails engaging individuals in multiple cognitive tasks simultaneously and holds promise for remote e-Health interventions. In this cross-sectional study, our objective was to evaluate the suitability of a newly developed, self-administered, online tool for examining age-related differences in memory performance under dual-tasking. 337 healthy adults aged 50-90 underwent a visual memory test (Memo) under both single and dual-task conditions (attend to auditory letters). Additional measures included questionnaires on subjective memory complaints (MAC-Q), on cognitive reserve (CR), and a cognitive screening (auto-GEMS). As expected, the accuracy of visual memory performance exhibited a negative correlation with age and MAC-Q, and a positive correlation with CR and auto-GEMS scores. Dual-tasking significantly impaired performance, and its detrimental effect decreased with increasing age. Furthermore, the protective effect of cognitive reserve diminished with advancing age. These findings suggest that the commonly observed age-related increase in dual-task costs is not universally applicable across all tasks and cognitive domains. With further refinement, a longitudinal implementation of this approach may assist in identifying individuals with a distinct cognitive trajectory and potentially at a higher risk of developing cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Contemori
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Silvia Saccani
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Bonato
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, Padova, Italy
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Marselli G, Favieri F, Forte G, Corbo I, Agostini F, Guarino A, Casagrande M. The protective role of cognitive reserve: an empirical study in mild cognitive impairment. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:334. [PMID: 38849930 PMCID: PMC11157959 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) describes an aging profile characterized by a cognitive decline that is worse than expected in normal aging but less pervasive and critical than full-blown dementia. In the absence of an effective treatment strategy, it is important to identify factors that can protect against progression to dementia. In this field, it is hypothesized that one aspect that may be a protective factor against the neurotypical outcome of dementia is cognitive reserve (CR). Cognitive reserve is the ability to maintain cognitive functionality despite accumulating brain pathology. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to identify and analyze the differences in CR between healthy adults and patients with MCI. Specifically, it is hypothesized that (i) healthy older adult people have higher CR than older adult people diagnosed with MCI, and (II) CR could predict the classification of subjects into people with or without MCI. METHODS Two hundred forty-three adults (mean age = 60.4, SD = 7.4) participated in the present study and were classified into three groups based on Petersen's MCI criteria: healthy controls (HC), amnestic MCI (aMCI), and non-amnestic MCI (naMCI). The Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq) was administered to assess the level of CR, FINDINGS: Results showed that HC had significantly higher CR scores than participants diagnosed with aMCI and naMCI. Moreover, a binomial logistic regression suggested that low CR was a significant risk factor for the MCI diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS The clinical picture that emerged from the results showed that lower CR could be considered a characteristic of pathological aging, such as MCI.Public significance statement, Since the brain attempts to cope with life-related changes or pathologies, it is fundamental for both clinicians and researchers to investigate further the factors that contribute to brain resilience. As an indirect expression of brain reserve, cognitive reserve may be both a marker and a predictor of adaptive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marselli
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Favieri
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, Rome, 00184, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, Rome, 00184, Italy
| | - Ilaria Corbo
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Casagrande
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, Rome, 00184, Italy.
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Corbo I, Troisi G, Marselli G, Casagrande M. The role of cognitive flexibility on higher level executive functions in mild cognitive impairment and healthy older adults. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:317. [PMID: 38816884 PMCID: PMC11140914 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01807-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a preclinical condition between healthy and pathological aging, which is characterized by impairments in executive functions (EFs), including cognitive flexibility. According to Diamond's model, cognitive flexibility is a core executive function, along with working memory and inhibition, but it requires the development of these last EFs to reach its full potential. In this model, planning and fluid intelligence are considered higher-level EFs. Given their central role in enabling individuals to adapt their daily life behavior efficiently, the goal is to gain valuable insight into the functionality of cognitive flexibility in a preclinical form of cognitive decline. This study aims to investigate the role of cognitive flexibility and its components, set-shifting and switching, in MCI. The hypotheses are as follows: (I) healthy participants are expected to perform better than those with MCI on cognitive flexibility and higher-level EFs tasks, taking into account the mediating role of global cognitive functioning; (II) cognitive flexibility can predict performance on higher-level EFs (i.e., planning and fluid intelligence) tasks differently in healthy individuals and those diagnosed with MCI. METHODS Ninety participants were selected and divided into a healthy control group (N = 45; mean age 64.1 ± 6.80; 66.6% female) and an MCI group (N = 45; mean age 65.2 ± 8.14; 40% female). Cognitive flexibility, fluid intelligence, planning, and global cognitive functioning of all participants were assessed using standardized tasks. RESULTS Results indicated that individuals with MCI showed greater impairment in global cognitive functioning and EFs performance. Furthermore, the study confirms the predictive role of cognitive flexibility for higher EFs in individuals with MCI and only partially in healthy older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Corbo
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1 - 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Troisi
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Marselli
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Casagrande
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1 - 00185, Rome, Italy
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Miao W, Xiao Y, Lu Y, Sha J, Zheng C, Yang W, Qian X, Geng G. Correlation Between Lifestyle Patterns and Cognitive Function Among Community-Dwelling Older Chinese Adults in the Pre-Dementia Stages: A Latent Class Analysis. J Appl Gerontol 2024:7334648241255529. [PMID: 38806177 DOI: 10.1177/07334648241255529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle activity engagement is a modifiable factor for cognitive decline. We aimed to identify lifestyle patterns (LPs) among community-dwelling older adults in the pre-dementia stages and to explore the links between LPs, cognitive function, and individual characteristics. 702 older Chinese adults were recruited. Three LPs were identified by latent class analysis: active aging lifestyle pattern (AALP), leisure lifestyle pattern (LLP), and work-centered lifestyle pattern (WLP). AALP refers to participation in various activities that are meaningful to individuals and benefit their well-being. LLP is the pattern of activities aimed at recreation. WLP refers to the LP where individuals are most likely to engage in work-related activities. However, only AALP is protected against mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Multinomial logistic regression models revealed the differences in individual characteristics among participants with different LPs, indicating the importance of tailored intervention strategies. As a protective factor against MCI, AALP should be highlighted in community-based care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Miao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuhua Xiao
- The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | | | - Jinghua Sha
- The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiangyun Qian
- Nantong Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guiling Geng
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Nicholls LAB, Amanzio M, Güntekin B, Keage H. Editorial: The cognitive ageing collection. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10869. [PMID: 38740780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60763-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Louise A Brown Nicholls
- Department of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, 40 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1QE, UK.
| | - Martina Amanzio
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10024, Turin, Italy
| | - Bahar Güntekin
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, and Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Neuroscience Research Center, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hannah Keage
- Discipline Psychology, Justice and Society, University of South Australia, GPO BOX 2741, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
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9
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Zhou L, Yang W, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Ge X, Ai K, Liu G, Zhang J. Moderating effect of education on glymphatic function and cognitive performance in mild cognitive impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1399943. [PMID: 38756534 PMCID: PMC11096465 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1399943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This research aims to investigate putative mechanisms between glymphatic activity and cognition in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and analyzes whether the relationship between cognitive reserve (CR) and cognition was mediated by glymphatic activity. Methods 54 MCI patients and 31 NCs were enrolled to evaluate the bilateral diffusivity along the perivascular spaces and to acquire an index for diffusivity along the perivascular space (ALPS-index) on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The year of education was used as a proxy for CR. The ALPS-index was compared between two groups and correlation analyses among the ALPS-index, cognitive function, and CR were conducted. Mediation analyses were applied to investigate the correlations among CR, glymphatic activity and cognition. Results MCI group had a significantly lower right ALPS-index and whole brain ALPS-index, but higher bilateral diffusivity along the y-axis in projection fiber area (Dyproj) than NCs. In MCI group, the left Dyproj was negatively related to cognitive test scores and CR, the whole brain ALPS-index was positively correlated with cognitive test scores and CR. Mediation analysis demonstrated that glymphatic activity partially mediated the correlations between CR and cognitive function. Conclusion MCI exhibited decreased glymphatic activity compared to NCs. CR has a protective effect against cognitive decline in MCI, and this effect may be partially mediated by changes in glymphatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenxia Yang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kai Ai
- Philips Healthcare, Xi’an, China
| | - Guangyao Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Lanzhou, China
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10
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Fastame MC, Brandas B, Pau M. Cognitive Reserve, Physical Reserve, and Cognitive Efficiency of Older People Living in the Sardinian Blue Zone. An Exploratory Study. J Appl Gerontol 2024; 43:481-489. [PMID: 38095150 DOI: 10.1177/07334648231217651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study mainly intended to disentangle the role played by physical reserve as a mediator of the relationship between cognitive reserve and global cognitive functioning in older people aging well. A sample of 120 67-101-year-old community-dwellers was recruited in the Sardinian Blue Zone, an area characterized by the extreme longevity of its inhabitants. Each respondent completed a battery of tests examining cognitive functioning, perceived physical health, cognitive reserve, and physical reserve (objectively assessed through accelerometric-derived measures). Significant associations were found among measures of cognitive reserve, physical reserve, perceived physical health, and cognition. Besides, two mediational analyses pointed out that physical reserve and distinct indexes of cognitive reserve explained 18% and 32% of the variance associated with global cognitive functioning. In conclusion, the combination of high cognitive reserve and more preserved motor functioning seems to contribute to the maintenance of healthy cognition in older people aging well.
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Feldberg C, Barreyro JP, Quián MDR, Hermida PD, Ofman SD, Irrazabal NC, Tartaglini MF, Serrano C. Occupational complexity of paid work and housework, and its impact on the cognitive performance in community dwelling older adults, preliminary results. Dement Neuropsychol 2024; 18:e20230038. [PMID: 38469121 PMCID: PMC10926987 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2023-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Work and activity could be an important source of cognitive enrichment. Activities that are more challenging concerning the cognitive functions that are put into practice are associated with lower risk of cognitive decline in old age. Objective The present study aimed to assess the impact of occupational complexity and household tasks in three cognitive domains (verbal episodic memory, language, and executive functions) in older adults residing within the community. Methods A trail analysis was executed, using the structural equations procedure in 120 participants assessed with main lifetime occupational activity and household tasks questionnaire, as well as a neuropsychological assessment battery for memory, language, and executive functions. Results The regression weights analysis indicated that complexity in household chores showed moderate effects on executive functions (β=0.19; p=0.027) and that occupational complexity of paid work showed effects on memory (β=0.26; p=0.008), language (β=0.38; p<0.001), and executive functions (β=0.55; p<0.001). Conclusion Paid work promotes cognitive reserve, contrary to household activities which seem to have a moderate impact on cognition. Differences in activity complexity not only impact people´s economic and social status and possibilities but can also determine different courses of aging and cognitive risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Feldberg
- Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Barreyro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Psicología, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Paula Daniela Hermida
- Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Deborah Ofman
- Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Carolina Irrazabal
- Universidad de Palermo, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Tartaglini
- Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Serrano
- Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital César Milstein, Servicio de Neurología Cognitiva, Capital Federal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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12
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Callow DD, Zipunnikov V, Spira AP, Wanigatunga SK, Pettigrew C, Albert M, Soldan A. Actigraphy Estimated Sleep Moderates the Relationship between Physical Activity and Cognition in Older Adults. Ment Health Phys Act 2024; 26:100573. [PMID: 38264712 PMCID: PMC10803079 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2023.100573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Background and Aims Physical inactivity and poor sleep are common in older adults and may interact to contribute to age- and disease-related cognitive decline. However, prior work regarding the associations among physical activity, and cognition in older adults is primarily limited to subjective questionnaires that are susceptible to inaccuracies and recall bias. Therefore, this study examined whether objectively measured physical activity and sleep characteristics, each estimated using actigraphy, are independently or interactively associated with cognitive performance. Methods The study included 157 older adults free of dementia (136 cognitively unimpaired; 21 MCI; M age = 71.7) from the BIOCARD cohort. Results Using multiple linear regression, cognition was regressed on estimated total volume of physical activity (TVPA), sleep efficiency (SE), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and total sleep time (TST) (adjusted for age, sex, education, diagnosis, vascular risk factors, and Apolipoprotein E (APOE)-e4 genetic status). Models were also run for domain-specific cognitive composite scores. TVPA and SE each were positively associated with a global cognitive composite score. TVPA was positively associated with executive function and language composites, and SE was positively related to executive function, visuospatial, and language composites. Importantly, a TVPA by SE interaction (p = 0.015) suggested that adults with the poorest SE experienced the greatest benefit from physical activity in relation to global cognition. The other sleep metrics were unrelated to cognitive performance. Conclusion These results suggest that TVPA and SE may synergistically benefit cognition in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Callow
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vadim Zipunnikov
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adam P Spira
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah K Wanigatunga
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Corinne Pettigrew
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Marilyn Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Anja Soldan
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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13
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Zhou L, Yang W, Liu Y, Li J, Zhao M, Liu G, Zhang J. Correlations between cognitive reserve, gray matter, and cerebrospinal fluid volume in healthy elders and mild cognitive impairment patients. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1355546. [PMID: 38497043 PMCID: PMC10941649 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1355546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the effect of cognitive reserve (CR) on brain volume and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy elders (HE). Methods 31 HE and 50 MCI patients were collected in this study to obtain structural MRI, cognitive function, and composite CR scores. Educational attainment, leisure time, and working activity ratings from two groups were used to generate cognitive reserve index questionnaire (CRIq) scores. The different volumes of brain regions and CSF were obtained using uAI research portal in both groups, which were taken as the regions of interest (ROI), the correlation analysis between ROIs and CRIq scores were conducted. Results The scores of CRIq, CRIq-leisure time, and CRIq-education in HE group were significantly higher than patients in MCI group, and the montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and minimum mental state examination (MMSE) scores were positively correlated with the CRIq, CRIq-education in both groups, and were positively correlated with CRIq-leisure time in MCI group. The scores of auditory verbal learning test (AVLT) and verbal fluency test (VFT) were also positively correlated with CRIq, CRIq-leisure time, and CRIq-education in MCI group, but the score of AVLT was only positively correlated with CRIq in HE group. Moreover, in MCI group, the volume of the right middle cingulate cortex and the right parahippocampal gyrus were negatively correlated with the CRIq, and the volume of CSF, peripheral CSF, and third ventricle were positively correlated with the CRIq-leisure time score. The result of mediation analysis suggested that right parahippocampal gryus mediated the main effect of the relationship between CRIq and MoCA score in MCI group. Conclusion People with higher CR show better levels of cognitive function, and MCI patients with higher CR showed more severe volume atrophy of the right middle cingulate cortex and the right parahippocampal gyrus, but more CSF at a given level of global cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenxia Yang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiachen Li
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyao Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Lanzhou, China
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14
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Eduvirgem J, Bressan J, Hermsdorff HHM, Montenegro LC, Brandão ML, Neves AAT, da Silva LSA, Gerake-Dias TA, Pimenta AM. Risk and protective factors for Long COVID in Brazilian adults (CUME Study). Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1344011. [PMID: 38455472 PMCID: PMC10919220 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1344011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Most people recover from COVID-19, however, between 5 to 20% have experienced new, recurring, or continuous health problems four or more weeks after being infected, a phenomenon called Long COVID, and whose reasons for its manifestation are incipient. Our objective was to analyse the risk and protective factors for Long COVID in Brazilian adults participating in the CUME Study. Methods The CUME Study is a prospective cohort conducted with graduates from federal universities in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In this study, 390 participants who answered the baseline questionnaire in 2016 and the third follow-up questionnaire in 2022 (which contained a block of questions about occurrence of COVID-19 and Long COVID) were included. The diagnosis of Long COVID was based on self-reporting of persistence of signs and symptoms of COVID-19 between 30 days and 6 months after remission of the disease. To estimate the risk and protective factors for Long COVID, a hierarchical multivariate statistical analysis was conducted using the Poisson regression technique. Results Long COVID was observed in 48.9% of the participants. The following characteristics were identified as risk factors for the outcome: female sex (RR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.22-1.99); prior diagnosis of hypertension (RR = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.19-1.80); having contracted COVID-19 in the first (RR =1.38; 95% CI = 1.07-1.79) or in the second waves (RR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.07-1.65) of the pandemic period; and having presented three or more signs and symptoms during the acute phase of COVID-19 (RR = 2.99; 95% CI = 1.08-8.24). On the other hand, having a doctoral/postdoctoral educational level (RR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.50-0.94) was identified as a protective factor for the outcome. Conclusion Health system managers and healthcare professionals should be aware of the socioeconomic profile and disease history of patients who have had COVID-19 because women, people with a prior diagnosis of hypertension, and those who manifested multiple signs and symptoms of COVID-19 during the acute phase of the disease were at greater risk of developing Long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlio Eduvirgem
- Posgraduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marlise Lima Brandão
- Posgraduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Adriano Marçal Pimenta
- Posgraduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
- Department of Nursing, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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15
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Liu L, Lin L, Sun S, Wu S. Elucidating Multimodal Imaging Patterns in Accelerated Brain Aging: Heterogeneity through a Discriminant Analysis Approach Using the UK Biobank Dataset. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:124. [PMID: 38391610 PMCID: PMC10886122 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Accelerated brain aging (ABA) intricately links with age-associated neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, emphasizing the critical need for a nuanced exploration of heterogeneous ABA patterns. This investigation leveraged data from the UK Biobank (UKB) for a comprehensive analysis, utilizing structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI), and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) from 31,621 participants. Pre-processing employed tools from the FMRIB Software Library (FSL, version 5.0.10), FreeSurfer, DTIFIT, and MELODIC, seamlessly integrated into the UKB imaging processing pipeline. The Lasso algorithm was employed for brain-age prediction, utilizing derived phenotypes obtained from brain imaging data. Subpopulations of accelerated brain aging (ABA) and resilient brain aging (RBA) were delineated based on the error between actual age and predicted brain age. The ABA subgroup comprised 1949 subjects (experimental group), while the RBA subgroup comprised 3203 subjects (control group). Semi-supervised heterogeneity through discriminant analysis (HYDRA) refined and characterized the ABA subgroups based on distinctive neuroimaging features. HYDRA systematically stratified ABA subjects into three subtypes: SubGroup 2 exhibited extensive gray-matter atrophy, distinctive white-matter patterns, and unique connectivity features, displaying lower cognitive performance; SubGroup 3 demonstrated minimal atrophy, superior cognitive performance, and higher physical activity; and SubGroup 1 occupied an intermediate position. This investigation underscores pronounced structural and functional heterogeneity in ABA, revealing three subtypes and paving the way for personalized neuroprotective treatments for age-related neurological, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Lan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Translation, Beijing International Base for Scientific and Technological Cooperation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shen Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Translation, Beijing International Base for Scientific and Technological Cooperation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shuicai Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Translation, Beijing International Base for Scientific and Technological Cooperation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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16
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Mascia ML, Agus M, Tomczyk Ł, Bonfiglio NS, Bellini D, Penna MP. Smartphone Distraction: Italian Validation of the Smartphone Distraction Scale (SDS). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6509. [PMID: 37569049 PMCID: PMC10418316 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to validate the use of the Smartphone Distraction Scale (SDS) in Italy. The SDS was devised to assess distraction related to smartphone use in adult populations. A cross-sectional study was conducted among n = 609 adults (females = 76.4%; mean age = 30.26; SD age = 9.90). An assessment of the factorial structure of the Italian version was carried out using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The four factors identified by Throuvala and colleagues were confirmed (i.e., attention impulsiveness, online vigilance, multitasking and emotion regulation). Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.703-0.889). The scale's scores showed significant linear correlations with validated instruments, including the Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale (MPPUS)and the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ). A multivariate analysis of variance showed significant differences in the means among participants belonging to different age groups (born before 1995 vs. born after 1996). In summary, the good psychometric properties observed led us to assume that this instrument can be applied and used in Italian studies to assess the cognitive dimension of distraction related to the use of smartphones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lidia Mascia
- Department of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.A.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Mirian Agus
- Department of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.A.); (M.P.P.)
| | - Łukasz Tomczyk
- Institute of Education, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Natale Salvatore Bonfiglio
- Unit of Statistics, IRCCS, Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli of Brescia, 25125 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Diego Bellini
- Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Maria Pietronilla Penna
- Department of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.A.); (M.P.P.)
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Chad Chew EY, Prem P, Jasmine K, Nav V, Arthi B. Comparison of DBFS with MoCA and MMSE tools for MCI screening. Bioinformation 2023; 19:522-524. [PMID: 37886151 PMCID: PMC10599673 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been associated with many diseases. The MCI could be a marker for the early diagnosis of certain diseases. Early detection of MCI could be beneficial for restoration of cognitive reserves. One hundred and five subjects were included in the study, underwent the Digital Brain Function Screen (DBFS) test as well as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test and 73 subjects took the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test. DBFS test and retest was taken by 16 subjects. The test scores of DBFS tool showed significant positive correlation with MoCA and MMSE test scores. In conclusion, the DBFS tool could be an effective digital tool which can overcome the disadvantages of traditional tools of screening MCI like MoCA and MMSE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pillay Prem
- Neurowyzr Pte. Ltd., 6 Raffles Quay, 11-07, Singapore-048580
| | - Kuah Jasmine
- Neurowyzr Pte. Ltd., 6 Raffles Quay, 11-07, Singapore-048580
| | - Vij Nav
- Neurowyzr Pte. Ltd., 6 Raffles Quay, 11-07, Singapore-048580
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Amanzio M, Cipriani GE, Bartoli M, Canessa N, Borghesi F, Chirico A, Cipresso P. The neuropsychology of healthy aging: the positive context of the University of the Third Age during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6355. [PMID: 37076567 PMCID: PMC10115807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33513-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Older adults have been reported to have increased susceptibility to the adverse effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection, such as fatal outcomes, cognitive decline, and changes in physical and/or mental health. However, few studies have examined neuropsychological changes by comparing measurements before and during the pandemic in healthy older people. In addition, no longitudinal studies have examined whether older adults may have responded positively to the pandemic. We examined these issues through a 2-year neuropsychological study before and during the pandemic period. Results showed that scores before and during the pandemic were the same in memory and attention, whereas global cognitive, executive, and language functions improved. Participants also showed no longitudinal changes in depression, hypomania, and disinhibition, while apathy and, to a lesser extent, anxiety increased significantly. To examine possible signs of pandemic-related emotional (dys)regulation, subjects were shown images at follow-up that recalled the most dramatic lockdown phase while heart rate variability was recorded. Higher apathy was predicted by poorer global cognitive performance, increased anxiety, and emotional dysregulation as measured by a higher ratio of low-to-high frequency heart rate variability. Thus, preserved global cognition appears to play a protective role against the effects of pandemic-related anxiety and emotional dysregulation on apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Amanzio
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10024, Turin, Italy.
| | | | - Massimo Bartoli
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10024, Turin, Italy
| | - Nicola Canessa
- ICoN Center, Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Pavia Institute, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Alice Chirico
- Department of Psychology, Research Center in Communication Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Cipresso
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, 10024, Turin, Italy
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20145, Milan, Italy
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Marselli G, Favieri F, Casagrande M. Episodic and Semantic Autobiographical Memory in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082856. [PMID: 37109193 PMCID: PMC10144761 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a syndrome defined as a decline in cognitive performance greater than expected for an individual according to age and education level, not interfering notably with daily life activities. Many studies have focused on the memory domain in the analysis of MCI and more severe cases of dementia. One specific memory system is represented by autobiographical memory (AM), which has been largely studied in Alzheimer's disease and its effect on AM; however, the impairment of AM in moderate forms of decline, such as MCI, is still controversial. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this systematic review is to analyze the functioning of autobiographical memory in patients with MCI, considering both the semantic and the episodic components. MATERIALS The review process was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. The search was conducted until 20 February 2023 in the following bibliographical databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycInfo, and twenty-one articles were included. RESULTS The results highlight controversial findings concerning the semantic component of AM since only seven studies have found a worse semantic AM performance in patients with MCI compared to the HC group. The results of impaired episodic AM in individuals with MCI are more consistent than those concerning semantic AM. CONCLUSIONS Starting from the evidence of this systematic review, further studies should detect and investigate the cognitive and emotional mechanisms that undermine AM performance, allowing the development of specific interventions targeting these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marselli
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Favieri
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Casagrande
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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