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Villarroel-Vicente C, García A, Zibar K, Schiel MA, Ferri J, Hennuyer N, Enriz RD, Staels B, Cortes D, Cabedo N. Synthesis of a new 2-prenylated quinoline as potential drug for metabolic syndrome with pan-PPAR activity and anti-inflammatory effects. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 106:129770. [PMID: 38677560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
We have previously reported the total synthesis and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of 2-prenylated benzopyrans with PPAR agonist activity. Herein, we have described the synthesis and PPAR activity of 2-prenylated benzopyrans and 2-prenylated quinolines. The benzopyran nucleus was generated via enamine-catalyzed Kabbe condensation, and the quinoline nucleus via Friedländer condensation. Results demonstrated that both benzopyran (5a) and quinoline (4b) derivatives bearing a γ,δ-unsaturated ester displayed a pan-PPAR agonism. They were full PPARα agonists, but showed different preferences for PPARγ and PPARβ/δ activation. It was noteworthy that quinoline 4b displayed full hPPARα activation (2-fold than WY-14,643), weak PPARβ/δ and partial PPARγ activation. In addition, quinoline 4b showed anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages by reducing LPS-induced expression of both MCP-1 and IL-6. Therefore, 4b emerges as a first-in-class promising hit compound for the development of potential therapeutics aimed at treating metabolic syndrome, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and its associated cardiovascular comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Villarroel-Vicente
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ainhoa García
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Khamis Zibar
- Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U-1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - María Ayelén Schiel
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL-CONICET, Chacabuco 915, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Jordi Ferri
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Nathalie Hennuyer
- Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U-1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ricardo D Enriz
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis-IMIBIO-SL-CONICET, Chacabuco 915, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U-1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Diego Cortes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Nuria Cabedo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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Bender LV, Wirowski N, Lobato AS, Jansen K, Cardoso TDA, Mondin TC, Oses JP, Kapczinski F, Souza LDDM, Silva RAD, Pedrotti Moreira F. The role of metabolic syndrome as a mediator in the relationship between CCL11 levels and the presence of a mood episode with mixed features in young adults with bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 175:343-349. [PMID: 38761516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Mixed features presentation in bipolar disorder (BD) represents the most severe form of the disease. BD may lead to cognitive and functional deterioration, a process known as neuroprogression, which appears to be exacerbated by increased serum levels of CCL11, a neuroprogression-related cytokine. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent in BD, and it is known that the presence of MetS may increase inflammation, which may contribute to increased CCL11 levels, and consequently impact on the severity of the disorder. What is not known is whether the MetS mediates the association between CCL11 levels and the presence of mood episodes with mixed features in BD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of MetS on the relationship between CCL11 levels and the presence of mood episodes with mixed features in BD, in a population-based study. This is a cross-sectional study that included 184 young adults, 92 with BD and 92 populational controls, matched by sex and age. BD diagnosis was assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview - PLUS. Mood episodes with mixed features was defined according to DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria. MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP/ATP III). Substance use was assessed through the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). CCL11 serum levels were analyzed using the multiplex analysis method Luminex 200™ system. The mediation model was tested using the MedMod module of the JAMOVI 2.4.8 software. Mediation analysis indicated a trend towards significance of MetS mediating the association between CCL11 and the presence of a mood episode with mixed features in BD (p = 0.065). Individuals with BD presenting with a mood episode with mixed features and MetS may have accelerated neuroprogression due to the influence of MetS on CCL11 levels, therefore, assessing for MetS occurrence in this population and implementing early interventions to prevent its development may be effective ways of delaying cognitive impairments related to this cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Vasques Bender
- Post Graduation Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Natalia Wirowski
- Post Graduation Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Karen Jansen
- Post Graduation Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Jean Pierre Oses
- Post Graduation Program in Biochemistry and Prospecting. Visiting Researcher, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávio Kapczinski
- Bipolar Disorder Program, Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Mood disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Azevedo da Silva
- Post Graduation Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Pedrotti Moreira
- Post Graduation Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Szukiewicz D. CX3CL1 (Fractalkine)-CX3CR1 Axis in Inflammation-Induced Angiogenesis and Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4679. [PMID: 38731899 PMCID: PMC11083509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The chemotactic cytokine fractalkine (FKN, chemokine CX3CL1) has unique properties resulting from the combination of chemoattractants and adhesion molecules. The soluble form (sFKN) has chemotactic properties and strongly attracts T cells and monocytes. The membrane-bound form (mFKN) facilitates diapedesis and is responsible for cell-to-cell adhesion, especially by promoting the strong adhesion of leukocytes (monocytes) to activated endothelial cells with the subsequent formation of an extracellular matrix and angiogenesis. FKN signaling occurs via CX3CR1, which is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine receptor subfamily. Signaling within the FKN-CX3CR1 axis plays an important role in many processes related to inflammation and the immune response, which often occur simultaneously and overlap. FKN is strongly upregulated by hypoxia and/or inflammation-induced inflammatory cytokine release, and it may act locally as a key angiogenic factor in the highly hypoxic tumor microenvironment. The importance of the FKN/CX3CR1 signaling pathway in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis results from its influence on cell adhesion, apoptosis, and cell migration. This review presents the role of the FKN signaling pathway in the context of angiogenesis in inflammation and cancer. The mechanisms determining the pro- or anti-tumor effects are presented, which are the cause of the seemingly contradictory results that create confusion regarding the therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
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Domingo E, Marques P, Francisco V, Piqueras L, Sanz MJ. Targeting systemic inflammation in metabolic disorders. A therapeutic candidate for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases? Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107058. [PMID: 38218355 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. While many factors can contribute to CVD, atherosclerosis is the cardinal underlying pathology, and its development is associated with several metabolic risk factors including dyslipidemia and obesity. Recent studies have definitively demonstrated a link between low-grade systemic inflammation and two relevant metabolic abnormalities: hypercholesterolemia and obesity. Interestingly, both metabolic disorders are also associated with endothelial dysfunction/activation, a proinflammatory and prothrombotic phenotype of the endothelium that involves leukocyte infiltration into the arterial wall, one of the earliest stages of atherogenesis. This article reviews the current literature on the intricate relationship between hypercholesterolemia and obesity and the associated systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, and discusses the effectiveness of present, emerging and in-development pharmacological therapies used to treat these metabolic disorders with a focus on their effects on the associated systemic inflammatory state and cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Domingo
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Patrice Marques
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vera Francisco
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Piqueras
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Spain.
| | - Maria-Jesus Sanz
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Spain.
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Raya-Cano E, Vaquero-Abellán M, Molina-Luque R, Molina-Recio G, Guzmán-García JM, Jiménez-Mérida R, Romero-Saldaña M. Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Leukocytes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7044. [PMID: 38002657 PMCID: PMC10671943 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities characterised by central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and dysregulation of blood glucose, which is associated with the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and overall mortality. White blood cell count is a selective marker of acute infection and inflammation, which could provide information on the metabolic status of subjects. This study aims to provide the best evidence on the association between MetS and white blood cell count by determining the effect size of this biomarker. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies indexed in the PubMed and Scopus databases were performed. Methodological quality was assessed using the STROBE tool, overall risk of bias using RevMan (Cochrane Collaboration), and quality of evidence using Grade Pro. Results: We included 14 articles comparing leukocyte concentrations in 21,005 subjects with MetS and 66,339 controls. Subjects with MetS had a higher mean leukocyte count, 0.64 cells ×109/L; CI95% 0.55-0.72; p < 0.00001; I2 = 93%. Conclusions: An in-depth evaluation of the relationship of leukocytes in the pathophysiological process of MetS could lead to new insights into early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Raya-Cano
- Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy Department, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.-C.); (M.V.-A.); (G.M.-R.); (J.M.G.-G.)
| | - Manuel Vaquero-Abellán
- Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy Department, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.-C.); (M.V.-A.); (G.M.-R.); (J.M.G.-G.)
| | - Rafael Molina-Luque
- Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy Department, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.-C.); (M.V.-A.); (G.M.-R.); (J.M.G.-G.)
- Associated Group GA 16 Lifestyles, Innovation and Health, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Guillermo Molina-Recio
- Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy Department, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.-C.); (M.V.-A.); (G.M.-R.); (J.M.G.-G.)
- Associated Group GA 16 Lifestyles, Innovation and Health, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - José Miguel Guzmán-García
- Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy Department, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.-C.); (M.V.-A.); (G.M.-R.); (J.M.G.-G.)
| | - Rocío Jiménez-Mérida
- Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy Department, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (E.R.-C.); (M.V.-A.); (G.M.-R.); (J.M.G.-G.)
| | - Manuel Romero-Saldaña
- Associated Group GA 16 Lifestyles, Innovation and Health, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba, University of Cordoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
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Makiel K, Suder A, Targosz A, Maciejczyk M, Haim A. Exercise-Induced Alternations of Adiponectin, Interleukin-8 and Indicators of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Males with Metabolic Syndrome. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050852. [PMID: 37238721 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin (ADIPO) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) are proteins that play a significant, albeit opposing, role in metabolic syndrome (MetS). The reported data on the effect of physical activity on the levels of these hormones in the population of people with MetS are conflicting. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in hormone concentrations, insulin-resistance indices and body composition after two types of training. The study included 62 men with MetS (age 36.6 ± 6.9 years, body fat [BF] = 37.53 ± 4.5%), randomly assigned to: an experimental group EG1 (n = 21) with aerobic exercise intervention, an experimental group EG2 (n = 21) with combined aerobic and resistance exercise intervention, both for 12 weeks, and a control group CG (n = 20) without interventions. Anthropometric measurements and body composition (fat-free mass [FFM], gynoid body fat [GYNOID]), as well as a biochemical blood analysis (adiponectin [ADIPO], interleukin-8 [IL-8], homeostatic model assessment-adiponectin (HOMA-AD) and homeostatic model assessment-triglycerides (HOMA-TG) were performed at baseline, and at 6 and 12 weeks of intervention and 4 weeks after the intervention (follow-up). Intergroup (between groups) and intragroup (within each group) changes were statistically evaluated. In the experimental groups EG1 and EG2, no significant changes were observed in the ADIPO concentration, but a decrease of GYNOID and insulin-resistance indices was confirmed. The aerobic training led to favorable changes in IL-8 concentration. The use of combined resistance and aerobic training led to improved body composition, decreased waist circumference and better insulin-resistance indices in men with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Makiel
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Cracow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Suder
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Cracow, Poland
| | - Aneta Targosz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Maciejczyk
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Cracow, Poland
| | - Alon Haim
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 653, Israel
- Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 151, Israel
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7
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Overview of Cellular and Soluble Mediators in Systemic Inflammation Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032313. [PMID: 36768637 PMCID: PMC9916753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most prevalent chronic liver disease in Western countries, affecting approximately 25% of the adult population. This condition encompasses a spectrum of liver diseases characterized by abnormal accumulation of fat in liver tissue (non-alcoholic fatty liver, NAFL) that can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by the presence of liver inflammation and damage. The latter form often coexists with liver fibrosis which, in turn, may progress to a state of cirrhosis and, potentially, hepatocarcinoma, both irreversible processes that often lead to the patient's death and/or the need for liver transplantation. Along with the high associated economic burden, the high mortality rate among NAFLD patients raises interest, not only in the search for novel therapeutic approaches, but also in early diagnosis and prevention to reduce the incidence of NAFLD-related complications. In this line, an exhaustive characterization of the immune status of patients with NAFLD is mandatory. Herein, we attempted to gather and compare the current and relevant scientific evidence on this matter, mainly on human reports. We addressed the current knowledge related to circulating cellular and soluble mediators, particularly platelets, different leukocyte subsets and relevant inflammatory soluble mediators.
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Djesevic M, Hasic S, Lepara O, Jahic R, Kurtovic A, Fajkic A. CRP/HDL-C and Monocyte/HDL-C ratios as Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Acta Inform Med 2023; 31:254-259. [PMID: 38379696 PMCID: PMC10875961 DOI: 10.5455/aim.2023.31.254-259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) denotes a cluster of co-occurring medical conditions associated with regulating hyperglycemia and acute cardiovascular events and complications. The escalating frequency of MetS among individuals afflicted with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) underscores its burgeoning significance as a critical public health concern and a complex clinical conundrum. Timely identification is imperative to avert the expedited progression of diabetic complications. Objective To investigate the role of CRP/HDL-C and Monocyte/HDL ratios in predicting MetS in T2DM individuals. Methods The study was designed as a two-year prospective study and included 80 T2DM patients divided into MetS and non-MetS groups based on MetS development over two years. The patients' serums were analyzed for complete blood count parameters, lipid profile, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Based on the laboratory test results, Monocyte/HDL-C and CRP/HDL-C ratios were calculated and analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and their corresponding areas under the curve (AUC) were used to determine prognostic accuracy. Results Monocyte/HDL-C ratio and CRP/HDL-C ratio were significantly higher in MetS-T2DM2 than in nonMetS-T2DM (p=0.003 and p=0.029, respectively). The results of ROC curve analysis have shown that the CRP/HDL-C ratio (AUC of 0.695) and Monocytes/HDL-C ratio (AUC of 0.645) can serve as good predictors of MetS in T2DM patients. Conclusion This study confirms the reliability of the Monocytes/HDL-C and CRP/HDL-C ratios as novel, simple, low-cost, and valuable predictors of MetS development in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miralem Djesevic
- Department of Cardiology, Private Policlinic Center Eurofarm Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sabaheta Hasic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Orhan Lepara
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Rijad Jahic
- General Hospital “Prim. Dr. Abdulah Nakas” Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Avdo Kurtovic
- Clinical Center, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Almir Fajkic
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Marques P, Villarroel-Vicente C, Collado A, García A, Vila L, Duplan I, Hennuyer N, Garibotto F, Enriz RD, Dacquet C, Staels B, Piqueras L, Cortes D, Sanz MJ, Cabedo N. Anti-inflammatory effects and improved metabolic derangements in ob/ob mice by a newly synthesized prenylated benzopyran with pan-PPAR activity. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106638. [PMID: 36586645 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are widely used to treat metabolic complications; however, the limited effect of PPARα agonists on glucose metabolism and the adverse effects associated with selective PPARγ activators have stimulated the development of novel pan-PPAR agonists to treat metabolic disorders. Here, we synthesized a new prenylated benzopyran (BP-2) and evaluated its PPAR-activating properties, anti-inflammatory effects and impact on metabolic derangements. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH BP-2 was used in transactivation assays to evaluate its agonism to PPARα, PPARβ/δ and PPARγ. A parallel-plate flow chamber was employed to investigate its effect on TNFα-induced leukocyte-endothelium interactions. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to determine its effects on the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and chemokines and p38-MAPK/NF-κB activation. PPARs/RXRα interactions were determined using a gene silencing approach. Analysis of its impact on metabolic abnormalities and inflammation was performed in ob/ob mice. KEY RESULTS BP-2 displayed strong PPARα activity, with moderate and weak activity against PPARβ/δ and PPARγ, respectively. In vitro, BP-2 reduced TNFα-induced endothelial ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and fractalkine/CX3CL1 expression, suppressed mononuclear cell arrest via PPARβ/δ-RXRα interactions and decreased p38-MAPK/NF-κB activation. In vivo, BP-2 improved the circulating levels of glucose and triglycerides in ob/ob mice, suppressed T-lymphocyte/macrophage infiltration and proinflammatory markers in the liver and white adipose tissue, but increased the expression of the M2-like macrophage marker CD206. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS BP-2 emerges as a novel pan-PPAR lead candidate to normalize glycemia/triglyceridemia and minimize inflammation in metabolic disorders, likely preventing the development of further cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Marques
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Villarroel-Vicente
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Aida Collado
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ainhoa García
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Vila
- Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabelle Duplan
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U-1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Hennuyer
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U-1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Francisco Garibotto
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis-IMIBIO-SL-CONICET, Chacabuco 917-5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Ricardo D Enriz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis-IMIBIO-SL-CONICET, Chacabuco 917-5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | | | - Bart Staels
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U-1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Laura Piqueras
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERDEM-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Cortes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - María-Jesús Sanz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERDEM-Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nuria Cabedo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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10
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Ekedahl H, Isaksson S, Ståhl O, Bogefors K, Romerius P, Eberhard J, Giwercman A. Low-grade inflammation in survivors of childhood cancer and testicular cancer and its association with hypogonadism and metabolic risk factors. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:157. [PMID: 35135482 PMCID: PMC8827204 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In childhood (CCS) and testicular cancer (TCS) survivors, low-grade inflammation may represent a link between testosterone deficiency (hypogonadism) and risk of metabolic syndrome. We aimed to study levels of inflammatory markers in CCS and TCS and the association with hypogonadism and future cardio-metabolic risk factors. Methods Serum levels of inflammatory markers and testosterone were analyzed in CCS (n = 90), and TCS (n = 64, median time from diagnosis: 20 and 2.0 years, respectively), and in controls (n = 44). Differences in levels between patients and controls were calculated using univariate analysis of variance. T-test and logistic regression were applied to compare levels of cardio-metabolic risk factors and odds ratio (OR) of hypogonadism and metabolic syndrome in low and high inflammatory marker groups after 4–12 years of follow up. Adjustment for age, smoking, and active cancer was made. Results TCS and CCS, as compared to controls, had 1.44 (95%CI 1.06–1.96) and 1.25 (95 CI 1.02–1.53) times higher levels of IL-8, respectively. High IL-6 levels were associated with hypogonadism at baseline (OR 2.83, 95%CI 1.25–6.43) and the association was stronger for high IL-6 combined with low IL-10 levels (OR 3.10, 95%CI 1.37–7.01). High IL-6 levels were also associated with higher BMI, waist circumference, insulin, and HbA1c at follow up. High TNF-α was associated with higher diastolic blood pressure. No individual inflammatory marker was significantly associated with risk of metabolic syndrome at follow up. High IL-6 combined with low IL-10 levels were associated with risk of metabolic syndrome (OR 3.83, 95%CI 1.07–13.75), however not statistically significantly after adjustment. Conclusion TCS and CCS present with low-grade inflammation. High IL-6 levels were associated with hypogonadism and cardio-metabolic risk factors. Low IL-10 levels might reinforce the IL-6 mediated risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09253-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Ekedahl
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Sigrid Isaksson
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Olof Ståhl
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karolina Bogefors
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrik Romerius
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jakob Eberhard
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Aleksander Giwercman
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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11
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Pluta K, Porębska K, Urbanowicz T, Gąsecka A, Olasińska-Wiśniewska A, Targoński R, Krasińska A, Filipiak KJ, Jemielity M, Krasiński Z. Platelet-Leucocyte Aggregates as Novel Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020224. [PMID: 35205091 PMCID: PMC8869671 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death worldwide. Hence, novel biomarkers are urgently needed to improve diagnosis and treatment. Platelet–leucocyte aggregates are conglomerates of platelets and leucocytes and are widely investigated as biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. Platelet–leucocytes aggregates are present in health, but increase in patients with cardiovascular risk factors and acute or stable coronary syndromes, making them a potential diagnostic marker. Moreover, platelet–leucocyte aggregates predict outcomes after surgery or percutaneous treatment and could be used to monitor antiplatelet therapy. Emerging data about the participation of platelet–leucocyte aggregates in cardiovascular diseases pathogenesis make them an attractive target for novel therapies. Furthermore, simple detection with conventional flow cytometry provides accurate and reproducible results, although requires specific sample handling. The main task for the future is to determine the standardized protocol to measure blood concentrations of platelet–leucocyte aggregates and subsequently establish their normal range in health and disease. Abstract Platelet–leucocyte aggregates (PLA) are a formation of leucocytes and platelets bound by specific receptors. They arise in the condition of sheer stress, thrombosis, immune reaction, vessel injury, and the activation of leukocytes or platelets. PLA participate in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Increased levels of PLA were revealed in acute and chronic coronary syndromes, carotid stenosis cardiovascular risk factors. Due to accessible, available, replicable, quick, and low-cost quantifying using flow cytometry, PLA constitute an ideal biomarker for clinical practice. PLA are promising in early diagnosing and estimating prognosis in patients with acute or chronic coronary syndromes treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). PLA were also a reliable marker of platelet activity for monitoring antiplatelet therapy. PLA consist also targets potential therapies in CVD. All of the above potential clinical applications require further studies to validate methods of assay and proof clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Pluta
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Kinga Porębska
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Tomasz Urbanowicz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (T.U.); (A.O.-W.); (M.J.)
| | - Aleksandra Gąsecka
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.P.); (K.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-599-1951
| | - Anna Olasińska-Wiśniewska
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (T.U.); (A.O.-W.); (M.J.)
| | - Radosław Targoński
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Krasińska
- Department of Ophtalmology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof J. Filipiak
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw, 00-136 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marek Jemielity
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (T.U.); (A.O.-W.); (M.J.)
| | - Zbigniew Krasiński
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland;
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12
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Li T, Yang Y, Li Y, Wang Z, Ma F, Luo R, Xu X, Zhou G, Wang J, Niu J, Lv G, Crispe IN, Tu Z. Platelets mediate inflammatory monocyte activation by SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. J Clin Invest 2021; 132:150101. [PMID: 34964720 PMCID: PMC8843740 DOI: 10.1172/jci150101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, causes mild to moderate disease in most patients but carries a risk of morbidity and mortality. Seriously affected individuals manifest disorders of hemostasis and a cytokine storm, but it is not understood how these manifestations of severe COVID-19 are linked. Here, we showed that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein engaged the CD42b receptor to activate platelets via 2 distinct signaling pathways and promoted platelet-monocyte communication through the engagement of P selectin/PGSL-1 and CD40L/CD40, which led to proinflammatory cytokine production by monocytes. These results explain why hypercoagulation, monocyte activation, and a cytokine storm are correlated in patients severely affected by COVID-19 and suggest a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yongqi Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhengmin Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Faxiang Ma
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Runqi Luo
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guo Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junqi Niu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Guoyue Lv
- Institute of Liver Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ian N. Crispe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Zhengkun Tu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Institute of Liver Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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13
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Ghanavati M, Nasrollahzadeh J. A calorie-restricted diet enriched with tree nuts and peanuts reduces the expression of CX3CR1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with coronary artery disease. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2021. [PMID: 34794330 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: The modification of the gut microbiome has been proposed to alter immune response which is a key driver in low-grade inflammation as well as metabolic markers. This study was conducted to determine the effects of a low-calorie diet with and without nuts on some gut bacterial abundance, metabolic markers, and gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in stable coronary artery disease patients with overweight or obesity. Methods: Overweight or obese patients with stable coronary artery disease of both genders were randomly allocated to a nut-free calorie-restricted diet as 25% of energy deficit (CRD) or a CRD enriched with 39-60 gr/d of mixed nuts (CRDEN) for 8 weeks (32 patients in CRD and 35 patients in CRDEN). Mixed nuts consisted of equal amounts of unsalted pistachios, almonds, and peanuts. Microbiota analysis was performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method on feces collected before and after the intervention, using primers targeting 16S ribosomal DNA of 4 different bacterial genera, including Bacteroides, Prevotella, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus. We examined the plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, adiponectin as well as expression of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) and fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) in PBMCs. Results: A significant reduction in expression of CX3CR1 (p=0.04) and a tendency to lower expression of TLR4 in PBMCs (p=0.06) was observed in the CRDEN group at the end of the study compared to the CRD group. The abundance of fecal Prevotella also tended to increase in CRDEN compared to the CRD group (p=0.06). Plasma insulin and adiponectin had no significant changes. There was a positive correlation between fecal Prevotella abundance and plasma adiponectin at baseline (r=0.315, p=0.015) and the end of the study (r=0.380, p=0.003). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the inclusion of mixed tree nuts and peanuts in a low-calorie diet for 8 weeks led to a lower CX3CR expression in PBMCs in a cohort of overweight or obese patients with stable CAD. This finding provides another beneficial effect of diet supplemented with nuts on factors associated with inflammation. Trial registration: this clinical study has been registered at the clinical trial registration center (clinicaltrial.gov): NCT04078919 on September 6, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Ghanavati
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Nasrollahzadeh
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Effects of Nutrients on Platelet Function: A Modifiable Link between Metabolic Syndrome and Neurodegeneration? Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101455. [PMID: 34680088 PMCID: PMC8533544 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of vascular dementia and other neurodegenerative disorders. Recent studies underline that platelets play an important role in linking peripheral with central metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms. In this narrative review, we address the activation of platelets in metabolic syndrome, their effects on neuronal processes and the role of the mediators (e.g., serotonin, platelet-derived growth factor). Emerging evidence shows that nutritional compounds and their metabolites modulate these interactions-specifically, long chain fatty acids, endocannabinoids and phenolic compounds. We reviewed the role of activated platelets in neurovascular processes and nutritional compounds in platelet activation.
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15
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Collado A, Domingo E, Piqueras L, Sanz MJ. Primary hypercholesterolemia and development of cardiovascular disorders: Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in low-grade systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 139:106066. [PMID: 34438057 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Primary hypercholesterolemia, a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated circulating levels of cholesterol products, mainly low-density lipoproteins, is associated with arteriosclerosis development. Cardiovascular disease, predominantly myocardial infarction and stroke, remains the main cause of death worldwide, with atherosclerosis considered to be the most common underlying pathology. In addition to elevated plasma levels of low-density lipoproteins, low-grade systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction seem to be the main drivers of premature atherosclerosis. Here we review current knowledge related to cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in low-grade systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction associated with primary hypercholesterolemia. We also discuss the contribution of different inflammatory mediators, immune players and signaling pathways implicated in leukocyte adhesion to the dysfunctional endothelium, a key feature of atherogenesis development. A better understanding of these processes linked to primary hypercholesterolemia should shed new light on cardiovascular disease development and might guide novel and effective therapeutic strategies to impair its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Collado
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Elena Domingo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Piqueras
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERDEM-Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute, Spanish Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria-Jesus Sanz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBERDEM-Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute, Spanish Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain.
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16
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A Meta-Analysis of the Influence of Antipsychotics on Cytokines Levels in First Episode Psychosis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112488. [PMID: 34199832 PMCID: PMC8200072 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cytokines have a major impact on the neurotransmitter networks that are involved in schizophrenia pathophysiology. First Episode Psychosis (FEP) patients exhibit abnormalities in cytokines levels prior to the start of treatment. Previous studies showed that antipsychotic treatment modulates cytokines levels. The aim of this meta-analysis is to further investigate this relationship. Methods: Several online databases were searched. For meta-analysis of selected studies, we analysed variables containing the number of cases, mean and standard deviation of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ levels before, and after, antipsychotic treatment. Results: 12 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Our main results demonstrate that, in FEP patients, antipsychotic treatment is related to decreased concentrations of pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α and anti-inflammatory IL-4, IL-10 cytokines. On the other hand, levels of pro-inflammatory IL-2 and IL-17 remain unaffected. Conclusions: When compared with other meta-analyses of studies involving FEP individuals, results we obtained are consistent regarding decrease in IL-1β, IL-6. Comparing outcomes of our study with meta-analyses of schizophrenic subjects, in general, our results are consistent in IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2. Our meta-analysis is the only one which indicates a decrease in anti-inflammatory IL-10 in FEP patients after antipsychotic treatment.
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17
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Zamora C, Riudavets M, Anguera G, Alserawan L, Sullivan I, Barba A, Serra J, Ortiz MA, Gallardo P, Perea L, Gavira J, Barnadas A, Majem M, Vidal S. Circulating leukocyte-platelet complexes as a predictive biomarker for the development of immune-related adverse events in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving anti-PD-(L)1 blocking agents. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:1691-1704. [PMID: 33388994 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-PD-(L)1 blocking agents can induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which can compromise treatment continuation. Since circulating leukocyte-platelet (PLT) complexes contribute to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, we aimed to analyze the role of these complexes as predictors of irAEs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving anti-PD-(L)1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-six healthy donors (HD) and 87 consecutive advanced NSCLC patients treated with anti-PD-(L)1 were prospectively included. Percentages of circulating leukocyte-PLT complexes were analyzed by flow cytometry and compared between HD and NSCLC patients. The association of leukocyte-PLT complexes with the presence and severity of irAEs was analyzed. RESULTS NSCLC patients had higher percentages of circulating leukocyte-PLT complexes. Higher percentages of monocytes with bound PLT (CD14 + PLT +) were observed in patients who received prior therapies while CD4 + T lymphocytes with bound PLT (CD4 + PLT +) correlated with platelets counts. The CD4 + PLT + high percentage group presented a higher rate of dermatological irAEs while the CD4 + PLT + low percentage group showed a higher rate of non-dermatological irAEs (p < 0.001). A lower frequency of grade ≥ 2 irAEs was observed in the CD4 + PLT + high percentage group (p < 0.05). Patients with CD4 + PLT + low and CD14 + PLT + high percentages presented a higher rate of grade ≥ 3 irAEs and predominantly developed non-dermatological irAEs (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that circulating leukocyte-PLT complexes and the combination of CD4 + PLT + and CD14 + PLT + percentages can be used as a predictive biomarker of the development and severity of irAEs in advanced NSCLC patients receiving anti-PD-(L)1 agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Zamora
- Group of Immunology-Inflammatory Diseases, Biomedical Research Institut Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Riudavets
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georgia Anguera
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Letícia Alserawan
- Department of Immunology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivana Sullivan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Barba
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorgina Serra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Angels Ortiz
- Group of Immunology-Inflammatory Diseases, Biomedical Research Institut Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Gallardo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Perea
- Group of Immunology-Inflammatory Diseases, Biomedical Research Institut Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Gavira
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustí Barnadas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Majem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí, 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Silvia Vidal
- Group of Immunology-Inflammatory Diseases, Biomedical Research Institut Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Collado A, Domingo E, Marques P, Perello E, Martínez-Hervás S, Piqueras L, Ascaso JF, Real JT, Sanz MJ. Oral Unsaturated Fat Load Impairs Postprandial Systemic Inflammation in Primary Hypercholesterolemia Patients. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:656244. [PMID: 33959024 PMCID: PMC8093814 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.656244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Primary hypercholesterolemia (PH) is a lipid disorder characterized by elevated levels of cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Low-grade systemic inflammation is associated with PH, which might explain the higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases in this setting. Objective: To evaluate the effect of an oral unsaturated fat load (OUFL) on different immune parameters and functional consequences in patients with PH in postprandial state. Design: A commercial liquid preparation of long-chain triglycerides (Supracal®; ω6/ω3 ratio >20/1, OUFL) was administered to 20 patients and 10 age-matched controls. Whole blood was collected before (fasting state) and 4 h after administration (postprandial state). Flow cytometry was employed to determine platelet and leukocyte activation, and the levels of circulating platelet-leukocyte aggregates. Soluble markers were determined by ELISA, and the parallel-plate flow chamber was employed to study leukocyte adhesion to the dysfunctional arterial endothelium. Results: The PH group had a lower percentage of activated platelets and circulating type 1 monocytes, and blunted neutrophil activation after the OUFL, accompanied by a significant increase in the percentage of regulatory T lymphocytes. In this group, the OUFL led to a significant impairment of leukocyte adhesion to the dysfunctional [tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-stimulated] endothelium and reduced the plasma levels of soluble P-selectin, platelet factor-4 (PF-4)/CXCL4, CXCL8, CCL2, CCL5, and TNFα. Conclusion: The OUFL has a beneficial impact on the pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory state of PH patients and might be a promising macronutrient approach to dampen the systemic inflammation associated with PH and the development of further cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Collado
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Domingo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Patrice Marques
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Perello
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERDEM-Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Hervás
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERDEM-Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Piqueras
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERDEM-Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F Ascaso
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERDEM-Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José T Real
- Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERDEM-Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria-Jesus Sanz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERDEM-Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Zamora C, Cantó E, Vidal S. The Dual Role of Platelets in the Cardiovascular Risk of Chronic Inflammation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625181. [PMID: 33868242 PMCID: PMC8046936 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases often exhibit cardiovascular risk. This risk is associated with the systemic inflammation that persists in these patients, causing a sustained endothelial activation. Different mechanisms have been considered responsible for this systemic inflammation, among which activated platelets have been regarded as a major player. However, in recent years, the role of platelets has become controversial. Not only can this subcellular component release pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, but it can also bind to different subsets of circulating lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils modulating their function in either direction. How platelets exert this dual role is not yet fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Zamora
- Inflammatory Diseases, Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Cantó
- Inflammatory Diseases, Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Vidal
- Inflammatory Diseases, Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Li J, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Wang G, Jiang L, Wei Q, Luo C, Chen L, Ying J. Systemic Inflammatory Markers of Resectable Colorectal Cancer Patients with Different Mismatch Repair Gene Status. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:2925-2935. [PMID: 33833576 PMCID: PMC8019618 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s298885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to assess the differences in gene expression and systemic inflammatory markers in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with different mismatch repair (MMR) statuses. Methods Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify the different expression genes in patients with CRC at different MMR statuses. A total of 208 patients with resectable colorectal cancer, including 104 deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) patients and 104 matched proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) patients, were retrospectively analyzed. Results Bioinformatics analysis showed that chemokine-mediated signaling pathway and inflammatory responses were the main differences in gene expression between dMMR and pMMR CRC patients. In all 208 patients with CRC, those with dMMR frequently had it located on the right side, with more mucinous adenocarcinoma and grade 3 tumors. Patients with dMMR had an earlier American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage than pMMR patients. Meanwhile, lymph nodes (LNs) metastasis was more frequently negative in dMMR patients than pMMR patients. Interestingly, patients with CRC with dMMR had more regional lymph nodes removed during surgery, although with less metastatic cancer. Patients with resectable CRC with dMMR were more likely to have higher levels of neutrophil, monocyte, platelet, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR), Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) and C-reactive protein (CRP). In patients with dMMR, those with higher levels of PLR, MLR, CAR, and co-effect present had shorter overall survival (OS) significantly. It was noteworthy that the prognosis of high levels of systemic inflammatory markers did not predict prolonged OS in patients with pMMR CRC. Conclusion dMMR CRC has presented a comprehensively distinct systemic inflammatory microenvironment. The systemic inflammatory response can predict oncological outcomes in patients with CRC with dMMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Gastric Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Gastric Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lai Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Gastric Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Gastric Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Gastric Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieer Ying
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Gastric Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310022, People's Republic of China
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21
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The nuclear retinoid-related orphan receptor RORα controls adipose tissue inflammation in patients with morbid obesity and diabetes. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1369-1381. [PMID: 33637954 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00787-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Inflammation governs adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction in obesity. Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα) is associated with inflammation and insulin resistance in animal studies, but its role in human obesity remains elusive. We investigated the expression and function of RORα on AT inflammation in patients with morbid obesity with/without diabetes. SUBJECTS/METHODS We assessed RORα expression in paired biopsies of subcutaneous and omental AT from 41 patients (body mass index (BMI) 43.3 ± 0.8 kg/m2) during Roux-en-Y-gastric surgery and explored the functional consequences of pharmacological RORα blockade in AT ex vivo. RESULTS RORα expression was significantly higher in omental AT than in subcutaneous AT (p = 0.03) and was positively associated with BMI (r = 0.344, p = 0.027) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (r = 0.319, p = 0.041). In ex vivo assays, IL-8/CXCL8 and MCP-1/CCL2 chemokine release was significantly higher in omental fat explants from diabetic patients than from non-diabetics and was significantly diminished by RORα blockade (p < 0.05). Inhibition of RORα improved protein kinase B signaling and decreased NF-κB activity in omental AT from patients with diabetes (p < 0.05). Under dynamic flow conditions, RORα blockade prevented mononuclear cell attachment to human dysfunctional endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS RORα blockade represents a potential therapy to prevent AT dysfunction and inflammation associated with insulin resistance in human obesity.
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22
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Kotru S, Klimuntowski M, Ridha H, Uddin Z, Askhar AA, Singh G, Howlader MMR. Electrochemical sensing: A prognostic tool in the fight against COVID-19. Trends Analyt Chem 2021; 136:116198. [PMID: 33518850 PMCID: PMC7825925 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated the world, despite all efforts in infection control and treatment/vaccine development. Hospitals are currently overcrowded, with health statuses of patients often being hard to gauge. Therefore, methods for determining infection severity need to be developed so that high-risk patients can be prioritized, resources can be efficiently distributed, and fatalities can be prevented. Electrochemical prognostic biosensing of various biomarkers may hold promise in solving these problems as they are low-cost and provide timely results. Therefore, we have reviewed the literature and extracted the most promising biomarkers along with their most favourable electrochemical sensors. The biomarkers discussed in this paper are C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukins (ILs), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interferons (IFNs), glutamate, breath pH, lymphocytes, platelets, neutrophils and D-dimer. Metabolic syndrome is also discussed as comorbidity for COVID-19 patients, as it increases infection severity and raises chances of becoming infected. Cannabinoids, especially cannabidiol (CBD), are discussed as a potential adjunct therapy for COVID-19 as their medicinal properties may be desirable in minimizing the neurodegenerative or severe inflammatory damage caused by severe COVID-19 infection. Currently, hospitals are struggling to provide adequate care; thus, point-of-care electrochemical sensor development needs to be prioritized to provide an approximate prognosis for hospital patients. During and following the immediate aftermath of the pandemic, electrochemical sensors can also be integrated into wearable and portable devices to help patients monitor recovery while returning to their daily lives. Beyond the COVID-19 pandemic, these sensors will also prove useful for monitoring inflammation-based diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharda Kotru
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Martin Klimuntowski
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Hashim Ridha
- School of Interdisciplinary Science, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Zakir Uddin
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, 1400 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8S 1C7, Canada
| | - Ali A Askhar
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Gurmit Singh
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Matiar M R Howlader
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
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23
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Power Guerra N, Müller L, Pilz K, Glatzel A, Jenderny D, Janowitz D, Vollmar B, Kuhla A. Dietary-Induced Low-Grade Inflammation in the Liver. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120587. [PMID: 33317065 PMCID: PMC7763065 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The literature describes a close correlation between metabolic disorders and abnormal immune responses, like low-grade inflammation (LGI), which may be one mechanistic link between obesity and various comorbidities, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In our study, we investigated the influence of dietary composition on obesity-derived LGI in the liver. We used a dietary induced obesity mouse model of C57BL/6J mice fed with high fat diet (HFD, 60% fat, 20% protein, 20% carbohydrates) and two different controls. One was rich in carbohydrates (10% fat, 20% protein, 70% carbohydrates), further referred to as the control diet (CD), and the other one is referred to as the standard diet (SD), with a more balanced macronutrient content (9% fat, 33% protein, 58% carbohydrates). Our results showed a significant increased NAFLD activity score in HFD compared to both controls, but livers of the CD group also differed in their macroscopic appearance from healthy livers. Hepatic fat content showed significantly elevated cholesterol concentrations in the CD group. Histologic analysis of the cellular immune response in the liver showed no difference between HFD and CD and expression analysis of immunologic mediators like interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha also point towards a pro-inflammatory response to CD, comparable to LGI in HFD. Therefore, when studying diet-induced obesity with a focus on inflammatory processes, we encourage researchers to carefully select controls and not use a control diet disproportionally rich in carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Power Guerra
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Medical University Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.P.G.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (D.J.); (B.V.)
| | - Luisa Müller
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Medical University Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.P.G.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (D.J.); (B.V.)
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kristin Pilz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.)
| | - Annika Glatzel
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Medical University Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.P.G.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (D.J.); (B.V.)
| | - Daniel Jenderny
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Medical University Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.P.G.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (D.J.); (B.V.)
| | - Deborah Janowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (K.P.); (D.J.)
| | - Brigitte Vollmar
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Medical University Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.P.G.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (D.J.); (B.V.)
| | - Angela Kuhla
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Medical University Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (N.P.G.); (L.M.); (A.G.); (D.J.); (B.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-381-494-2503
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24
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Acheampong DO, Barffour IK, Boye A, Aninagyei E, Ocansey S, Morna MT. Male predisposition to severe COVID-19: Review of evidence and potential therapeutic prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110748. [PMID: 33152916 PMCID: PMC7480230 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe form of COVID-19 has significant sex disparities, with high fatalities commonly reported among males than females. The incidence of COVID-19 has also been higher in males compared with their female counterparts. This trend could be attributed to a better responsive and robust immune system in females. Cytokine storm is one of the pathophysiological features of severe COVID-19, and it occurs as a result of over-activation of immune cells leading to severe inflammation and tissue damage. Nevertheless, it is well modulated in females compared to their male counterparts. Severe inflammation in males is reported to facilitate progression of mild to severe COVID-19. The sex hormones, estrogens and androgens which exist in varying functional levels respectively in females and males are cited as the underlying cause for the differential immune response to COVID-19. Evidence abounds that estrogen modulate the immune system to protect females from severe inflammation and for that matter severe COVID-19. On the contrary, androgen has been implicated in over-activation of immune cells, cytokine storm and the attendant severe inflammation, which perhaps predispose males to severe COVID-19. In this review efforts are made to expand understanding and explain the possible roles of the immune system, the sex hormones and the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) systems in male bias to severe COVID-19. Also, this review explores possible therapeutic avenues including androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), estrogen-based therapy, and ACE inhibitors for consideration in the fight against COVID-19.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Androgen Antagonists/pharmacology
- Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Betacoronavirus/physiology
- COVID-19
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Coronavirus Infections/complications
- Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy
- Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology
- Coronavirus Infections/immunology
- Coronavirus Infections/therapy
- Disease Susceptibility
- Female
- Gonadal Steroid Hormones/physiology
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Inflammation
- Male
- Mice
- Middle Aged
- Pandemics
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/physiology
- Pneumonia, Viral/complications
- Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology
- Pneumonia, Viral/immunology
- Pneumonia, Viral/therapy
- Prostatic Neoplasms/complications
- Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Protein Disulfide-Isomerases/physiology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
- Receptors, Virus/physiology
- SARS-CoV-2
- Sex Distribution
- Smoking/adverse effects
- Young Adult
- COVID-19 Drug Treatment
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond Omane Acheampong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana.
| | - Isaac Kyei Barffour
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Alex Boye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Enoch Aninagyei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Allied Health Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Stephen Ocansey
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Martin Tangnaa Morna
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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25
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Oikonomou E, Leopoulou M, Theofilis P, Antonopoulos AS, Siasos G, Latsios G, Mystakidi VC, Antoniades C, Tousoulis D. A link between inflammation and thrombosis in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases: Clinical and therapeutic implications. Atherosclerosis 2020; 309:16-26. [PMID: 32858395 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The association between thrombosis and acute coronary syndromes is well established. Inflammation and activation of innate and adaptive immunity are another important factor implicated in atherosclerosis. However, the exact interactions between thrombosis and inflammation in atherosclerosis are less well understood. Accumulating data suggest a firm interaction between these two key pathophysiologic processes. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1, have been implicated in the thrombotic cascade following plaque rupture and myocardial infarction. Furthermore, cell adhesion molecules accelerate not only atheromatosis but also thrombosis formation while activated platelets are able to trigger leukocyte adhesion and accumulation. Additionally, tissue factor, thrombin, and activated coagulation factors induce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as prostaglandin and C reactive protein, which may further induce von Willebrand factor secretion. Treatments targeting immune activation (i.e. interleukin-1 inhibitors, colchicine, statins, etc.) may also beneficially modulate platelet activation while common anti-thrombotic therapies appear to attenuate the inflammatory process. Taken together in the context of cardiovascular diseases, thrombosis and inflammation should be studied and managed as a common entity under the concept of thrombo-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
| | - Marianna Leopoulou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios S Antonopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - George Latsios
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Chara Mystakidi
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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26
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is becoming a global threat. However, our understanding of the clinical characteristics and treatment of critically ill pediatric patients and their ability of transmitting the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 still remains inadequate because only a handful pediatric cases of COVID-19 have been reported. METHODS Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, treatment, laboratory data and follow-up information and the treatment of critically ill infant were recorded. RESULTS The infant had life-threatening clinical features including high fever, septic shock, recurrent apnea, petechiae and acute kidney injury and persistent declined CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The duration of nasopharyngeal virus shedding lasted for 49 days even with the administration of lopinavir/ritonavir for 8 days. The CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was partially recovered 68 days post onset of the disease. Accumulating of effector memory CD4+ T cells (CD4+TEM) was observed among T-cell compartment. The nucleic acid tests and serum antibody for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 of the infant's mother who kept intimate contact with the infant were negative despite no strict personal protection. CONCLUSIONS The persistent reduction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was the typical feature of critically ill infant with COVID-19. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells might play a key role in aggravating COVID-19 and predicts a more critical course in children. The prolonged nasopharyngeal virus shedding was related with the severity of respiratory injury. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from infant (even very critical cases) to adult might be unlikely.
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27
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Savaş EM, Oğuz SH, Samadi A, Yılmaz Işıkhan S, Ünlütürk U, Lay İ, Gürlek A. Apoptosis Inhibitor of Macrophage, Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1, and C-Reactive Protein Levels Are Increased in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Pilot Study. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 18:197-205. [PMID: 32096694 DOI: 10.1089/met.2019.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) are molecules that cause migration of M1 macrophages to visceral adipocytes, which is the first step in development of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study is to evaluate the status of AIM and MCP-1 in metabolic syndrome and to investigate their use as biomarkers. Methods: Forty metabolic syndrome patients and 40 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. Serum AIM, MCP-1, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: AIM, MCP-1, and CRP levels were significantly higher in the metabolic syndrome group (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.05, respectively). There was a positive correlation of serum AIM, MCP-1, and CRP levels with waist circumference (r = 0.480, r = 0.663, and r = 0.418, respectively; P < 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses revealed AIM, MCP-1, and CRP cutoff points as 2383.7 ng/mL, 172.8 pg/mL, and 0.366 mg/dL, which could be used in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome with highest sensitivity and specificity. In the logistic regression model, including age, AIM, CRP, and MCP-1 as covariates, having serum AIM and CRP levels above cutoffs were significant independent predictors for metabolic syndrome (odds ratios 13.8 and 21.3), whereas the serum MCP-1 level was not a significant independent predictor, although the odds ratio was 2.6 (P = 0.193). Conclusions: These results suggest that AIM and MCP-1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. AIM and CRP levels may be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. Although MCP-1 is not an independent predictor, its elevation in metabolic syndrome is noteworthy, which warrants further analyses in larger groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Merve Savaş
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seda Hanife Oğuz
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Afshin Samadi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selen Yılmaz Işıkhan
- Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Uğur Ünlütürk
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İncilay Lay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alper Gürlek
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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28
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Poon K. Behavioral Feeding Circuit: Dietary Fat-Induced Effects of Inflammatory Mediators in the Hypothalamus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:591559. [PMID: 33324346 PMCID: PMC7726204 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.591559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive dietary fat intake has extensive impacts on several physiological systems and can lead to metabolic and nonmetabolic disease. In animal models of ingestion, exposure to a high fat diet during pregnancy predisposes offspring to increase intake of dietary fat and causes increase in weight gain that can lead to obesity, and without intervention, these physiological and behavioral consequences can persist for several generations. The hypothalamus is a region of the brain that responds to physiological hunger and fullness and contains orexigenic neuropeptide systems that have long been associated with dietary fat intake. The past fifteen years of research show that prenatal exposure to a high fat diet increases neurogenesis of these neuropeptide systems in offspring brain and are correlated to behavioral changes that induce a pro-consummatory and obesogenic phenotype. Current research has uncovered several potential molecular mechanisms by which excessive dietary fat alters the hypothalamus and involve dietary fatty acids, the immune system, gut microbiota, and transcriptional and epigenetic changes. This review will examine the current knowledge of dietary fat-associated changes in the hypothalamus and the potential pathways involved in modifying the development of orexigenic peptide neurons that lead to changes in ingestive behavior, with a special emphasis on inflammation by chemokines.
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29
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Lind L. Genome-Wide Association Study of the Metabolic Syndrome in UK Biobank. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2019; 17:505-511. [PMID: 31589552 DOI: 10.1089/met.2019.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a description of a clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors in the same individual. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified 29 independent genetic loci linked to MetS as a binary trait. This study used data from UK biobank to search for additional loci. Methods: Using data from 291,107 individuals in the UK biobank, a GWAS was performed versus the binary trait MetS (harmonized NCEP criteria). Results: In a GWAS of MetS (binary) we found 93 independent loci with P < 5 × 10-8, of which 80 were not identified in previous GWASs of MetS. However, the majority of those loci have previously been associated with one or more of the five MetS components. Of particular interest are the genes being related to MetS (binary) in this study, but not to any of the MetS components in past studies, such as WDR48, KLF14, NAADL1, GADD45G, and OR5R1, as well as the two loci that have been associated with all five MetS components in past studies, SNX10 and C5orf67. A pathway analysis of the 93 independent loci showed the immune system, transportation of small molecules, and metabolism to be enriched. Conclusion: This GWAS of the MetS in UK biobank identified several new loci being associated with MetS. Most of those have previously been found to be associated with different components of MetS, but several loci were found not previously linked to cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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