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Ala S, Ramos-Campos F, Relva IC. Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress and Mental Health in a Sample of University Students: The Mediating Role of Resilience and Psychological Well-Being. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:2262-2281. [PMID: 39194945 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14080151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most stressful events in recent times across the world. The long-term effect of these experiences raises several concerns, including the development of post-traumatic stress symptomatology. However, little is known about the psychological processes that mediate this association. The aim of this study was to explore the association of emotional exhaustion and anxiety in post-traumatic stress symptomatology, and the mediating role of resilience and psychological well-being in university students. A total of 526 university students of both sexes participated in this study, and they were aged between 17 and 62 years old. Symptoms of anxiety and emotional exhaustion were significantly higher in females, in contrast, males showed on average more resilience and psychological well-being. Additionally, participants with COVID-19 infection had higher levels of emotional exhaustion, anxiety, and PTSD. The results indicated that the variables were correlated with each other (p < 0.001). A conceptual model was confirmed that describes anxiety and emotional exhaustion as predictors, post-traumatic stress symptomatology as an outcome variable, and resilience and psychological well-being as mediators. Resilience and psychological well-being can be important protective factors for adaptive responses in stressful situations. The findings obtained in this study will provide a theoretical basis for designing targeted interventions to improve psychological health, whether for crisis intervention, the process of adapting to higher education, or for recovery plans from psychological trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Ala
- Department of Social Sciences, Life and Public Health Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, School of Health, 5300-121 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Group on Neuroscience and Psychiatric Illnesses in Instituto de Investigation Sanitaria Galicia Sur, 36213 Vigo, Spain
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco Ramos-Campos
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Inês Carvalho Relva
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for Research and Intervention in Education (CIIE), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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Jan GM, Agha S, Alharbi S, Aldihan S, Alghufaili D, Farghal A, Alzahrani T. Healthcare professionals' perspective on psychosocial support: Lessons learned during a pandemic. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:2753-2760. [PMID: 39071002 PMCID: PMC11271998 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1627_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose/Background Assessing the level of psychosocial assistance provided for healthcare workers (HCWs) at and outside of work is crucial. This study aimed to evaluate the psychosocial support provided to HCWs and analyze its effectiveness during COVID-19 at one of the biggest hospitals in Saudi Arabia, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh. In this study, we hypothesized that psychosocial support for HCWs will enhance their performance and total welfare. Methods This study followed a cross-sectional analytic design, and its sample comprised 380 HCWs from many specialties. Two well-known psychosocial scales, DASS-21 and MSPSS, were used to assess the availability of institutional psychosocial support and the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among HCWs. Results The majority of HCWs reported a tremendous increase in working hours and level of anxiety during COVID-19, and they denied receiving institutional support at work. Moreover, the majority reported receiving support from family and friends. Primarily, the most statistically significant finding in this study was that female HCWs had much higher levels of stress and anxiety during COVID-19 than their equivalent male colleagues. In addition, a significant difference was found regarding the presence of immediate supervisors for HCWs and its effectiveness in burden relief. Conclusions The results show a marginally significant association between psychosocial support and the mental health of HCWs during COVID-19. However, we found a slightly favorable effect on the minority of HCWs who received regular check-ins or targeted interventions or had immediate supervisors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer M. Jan
- Department of College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajida Agha
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaden Alharbi
- Department of College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Aldihan
- Department of College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deema Alghufaili
- Department of College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayah Farghal
- Department of College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teaf Alzahrani
- Department of College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Dong Y, Chen M, Wu Z, Zhang Z. Covid-19 psychological pressures, depression and FOMO: the mediating role of online social support and emotional regulation. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:116. [PMID: 38431605 PMCID: PMC10908053 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of the coronavirus has led to significant anxiety among university students, resulting in various mental health problems that could potentially impact their academic performance. METHOD To examine the mediating role of emotional regulation and online social support in the relationships between COVID-19 psychological pressures, depression, and the fear of missing out (FoMO) among young adult university students, a cross-sectional research design was employed using an online survey. The sample consisted of 521 full-time university students from China, currently enrolled in undergraduate and postgraduate programs. RESULTS Findings revealed that more than half (55.09%, n=287) of the university students experienced COVID-19 psychological pressures. These pressures directly contributed to increased levels of depression (β = 0.339, p < .001) and fear of missing out (β = 0.236, p < .001). Moreover, online social support and emotional regulation exhibited partial mediating effects on the association between COVID-19 psychological pressures, depression, and the fear of missing out. The results indicated that COVID-19 psychological pressures were linked to higher levels of depressive symptoms and a greater fear of missing out among university students. CONCLUSIONS However, the provision of timely and adequate online social support, as well as the implementation of emotional regulation strategies, mitigated the negative effects of the pandemic on students' social and emotional well-being. Consequently, this led to reduced levels of depression and fear of missing out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Dong
- School of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Min Chen
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zilin Zhang
- Historic Building Division, China Construction First Division Group Huajiang Construction Co., Ltd, Jingdezhen, 333099, Jiangxi, China
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Migliorini F, Maffulli N, Shukla T, D'Ambrosi R, Singla M, Vaish A, Vaishya R. The pandemic is gone but its consequences are here to stay: avascular necrosis following corticosteroids administration for severe COVID-19. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:135. [PMID: 38347592 PMCID: PMC10860242 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04556-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with COVID-19 infection and respiratory insufficiency, corticosteroid (CCS) administration is recommended. Among the wide range of complications and interactions, time-limited high-dose CCS administration might promote avascular necrosis (AVN) in a cumulative dose. This systematic review updated the current evidence and characterises the trend of AVN following time-limited high-dose CCS administration in patients who had severe COVID-19, discussing management strategies and outcomes. METHODS This systematic review was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA statement. In October 2023, the following databases were accessed: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus restricting the search to the years 2019 to 2023. All the clinical studies which investigated the association between time-limited high-dose CCS administration in patients with severe COVID-19 infection and AVN were accessed. RESULTS A total of 245 patients (9 studies) who experienced AVN following COVID-19 were included in the present investigation. 26% (63 of 245 included patients) were women. The mean age of the patients was 42.9 ± 17.7 years. Four studies focused on AVN of the hip and two on the knee, and the other studies included patients with AVN from mixed areas of the body (spine, pelvis, and shoulder). The mean time elapsed from COVID-19 infection to the development of symptomatic AVN was 79.4 ± 59.2 days (range, 14 to 166 days). CONCLUSION It is possible that even time-limited high-dose CCS administration in patients with severe COVID-19 infection increased the incidence of AVN. The mean time elapsed from COVID-19 infection to the development of symptomatic AVN was approximately 80 days. Given the high risk of bias in all the included studies, the quality of recommendations of the present investigation is low, and no reliable conclusion can be inferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Academic Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 39100, Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke on Trent, ST4 7QB, England
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4DG, England
| | - Tapish Shukla
- Department of Orthopaedics and Joint Replacement Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals Institutes of Orthopaedics, New Delhi, 110076, India
| | - Riccardo D'Ambrosi
- Department of Orthopaedics, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161, Milan, Italy
| | - Mohit Singla
- Department of Orthopedics, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Abhishek Vaish
- Department of Orthopaedics and Joint Replacement Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals Institutes of Orthopaedics, New Delhi, 110076, India
| | - Raju Vaishya
- Department of Orthopaedics and Joint Replacement Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals Institutes of Orthopaedics, New Delhi, 110076, India
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Alexander L, Yang C, Hugo H, Maria H, Stefan J, Åke L, Martin S, Staffan T, Cheng-Ting T, Jeanette W, Johan J. Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life in Relation to SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Individuals Living with Diabetes During the Second Wave of COVID-19. DIABETES EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT 2024; 13:100194. [PMID: 38463606 PMCID: PMC10923605 DOI: 10.1016/j.deman.2023.100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Aims The objective was to compare anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QoL) in individuals living with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes with matched controls during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Via randomization, individuals living with diabetes T1D (n= 203) and T2D (n=413), were identified during February-July 2021 through health-care registers. Population controls (n=282) were matched for age, gender, and residential area. Questionnaires included self-assessment of anxiety, depression, QoL, and demographics in relation to SARS-CoV-2 exposure.Blood was collected through home-capillary sampling, and SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid (NCP) and Spike antibodies (SC2_S1) were determined by multiplex Antibody Detection by Agglutination-PCR (ADAP) assays. Results Younger age and health issues were related to anxiety, depression, and QoL, with no differences between the study groups. Female gender was associated with anxiety, while obesity was associated with lower QoL.The SARS-CoV-2 NCP seroprevalence was higher in T1D (8.9%) compared to T2D (3.9%) and controls (4.0%), while the SARS-CoV-2 SC2_S1 seroprevalence was higher for controls (25.5%) compared to T1D (16.8%) and T2D (14.0%). Conclusions A higher SARS-CoV-2 infection rate in T1D may be explained by younger age and higher employment rate, and the associated increased risk for viral exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lind Alexander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Cao Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hesser Hugo
- School of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, Center for Health and Medical Psychology, Örebro University, Sweden
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hårdstedt Maria
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Sweden
- Center for Clinical Research Dalarna, Uppsala University, Falun, Sweden
- Vansbro Primary Health Care Center, Vansbro, Sweden
| | - Jansson Stefan
- School of Medical Sciences, University Health Care Research Centre, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lernmark Åke
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Sundqvist Martin
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Sweden
| | - Tevell Staffan
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karlstad Hospital and Centre for Clinical Research and Education, Region Värmland, Karlstad, Sweden
| | | | - Wahlberg Jeanette
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Sweden
| | - Jendle Johan
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Sweden
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Njonnou SRS, Eloumba EAMS, Men-do E, Mboule RME, Sango AJF, Lekpa FK, Essomba MJN, Balti EV, Ouankou CN, Djotah J, Bangbang CFE, Sob-ze MS, Choukem SP. Knowledge, perceptions and practices of COVID19 among the came-roonian population. J Public Health Afr 2023; 14:2718. [PMID: 38523804 PMCID: PMC10959157 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID19 is an emerging infectious disease that has spread all over the world and became a pandemic. Cameroon is the 7th most affected country in Africa, with most of the cases in metropoles. The main objective was to assess the knowledge, perceptions and practices of the Cameroonian populations about COVID19 infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 15th to July 15th, 2020; targeting all Cameroonians over 15 years old living in Cameroon. A standard Google Forms® questionnaire was submitted via social media (WhatsApp and Facebook particularly). The sampling was consecutive and not exhaustive. The data were processed on Excel 2016 and analyzed through EPI info 3.5. The questionnaire included knowledge, perceptions and practices about the disease's existence, its functional signs, prevention and control. Knowledge, perceptions and practices were considered good for a response score ≥75% and poor for a score ≤25%. Intermediate scores were considered average and insufficient. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed to identify the factors associated with a significance level (P#x003C;0.05). Of the 996 (507 males) participants, the median age was 26±8 years. Health workers represented 20.8% of participants. A large proportion of the population (78.6%) had good knowledge, while more than half (56.5%) had good perceptions, but only (23.1%) had good practices. Having reached higher education (P=0.007), and being a health worker (P=0.0008) were associated with a good level of knowledge. High school education (P=0.040) and being a health worker (P=0.049) were associated with positive perceptions. Being employed (P=0.003) and having secondary education level (P=0.033) were associated with good practices. Knowledge and perceptions were good among the study population, but the practice level is still insufficient to effectively fight the COVID19 pandemic. Educational level, being employed or being healthcare workers were associated with good knowledge, perceptions and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Raoul Simeni Njonnou
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Edwige Men-do
- Departement of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde
- Ebolowa Regional Hospital, Ebolowa
| | - Raissa Manuela Ewala Mboule
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang
| | - Anne Juliette Flore Sango
- Yaounde Central Hospital
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medicine and Biomedical Scienc-es, University of Buea, Buea
| | - Fernando Kemta Lekpa
- Department of Internal Medicine and specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang
- The University of Dschang Taskforce for The Elimination of COVID19 (UNITED#COVID19 ), Dschang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Marie-Josiane Ntsama Essomba
- Yaounde Central Hospital
- Departement of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde
| | - Eric Vounsia Balti
- Department of Internal Medicine and specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang
- The University of Dschang Taskforce for The Elimination of COVID19 (UNITED#COVID19 ), Dschang
| | - Christian Ngongang Ouankou
- Department of Internal Medicine and specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang
- The University of Dschang Taskforce for The Elimination of COVID19 (UNITED#COVID19 ), Dschang
| | | | | | - Martin Sanou Sob-ze
- The University of Dschang Taskforce for The Elimination of COVID19 (UNITED#COVID19 ), Dschang
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang
| | - Simeon Pierre Choukem
- Department of Internal Medicine and specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang
- The University of Dschang Taskforce for The Elimination of COVID19 (UNITED#COVID19 ), Dschang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
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Tarabeih M, Marey-Sarwan I, Awawdi K. 'I Prefer To Die at Home With Dignity': Perceptions of Death Rituals Among Religious Muslim Kidney and Liver Transplant Patients With COVID-19. Transplant Proc 2023; 55:1843-1852. [PMID: 37173262 PMCID: PMC10110931 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2023.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney and liver transplant recipients may be at a high risk of contracting acute COVID-19 due to chronic immunosuppression and comorbidities. These patients receive combinations of immunosuppressive drugs, altering their innate and adaptive immunity, thus, rendering them more susceptible to bacterial and viral infections and higher mortality. Kidney and liver transplant recipients frequently exhibit one or several risk factors, increasing the risk for unfavorable outcomes. METHODS This qualitative study explores perceptions of religious rituals and practices relating to COVID-19 deaths among Muslim kidney and liver transplant recipients during the first, second, third, and fourth waves, focusing on their tendency to unlawfully refuse to be hospitalized due to their objection to certain guidelines that prevent or restrict religious practices and traditions. A qualitative study based on interviews with 35 older, religious Muslim liver and kidney transplant recipients was conducted face-to-face and on Zoom. RESULTS Our findings indicated the absence of acceptable and respectful death rites for the deceased in the event of death from COVID-19, spurring the refusal of older, religious Muslim transplant recipients in Israel to be hospitalized after contracting COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS To address these concerns, health authorities and religious leaders must collaborate to find solutions that satisfy the requirements of both the health system and the religious Muslim community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Tarabeih
- The Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yaffo, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Ibtisam Marey-Sarwan
- Sakhnin Academic College for Teacher Education and the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Israel
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Marair SA, Slater N. Middle Eastern nurses' views/experiences of work and well-being with the support measures during past disease outbreaks and COVID-19: a qualitative systematic review. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:230. [PMID: 37400825 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01343-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential psychological health impact of pandemics on nurses has been increasingly widely recognised, as have recommendations to establish support measures for nurses' well-being. Despite the availability of support measures significant number of nurses still experienced burnout and mental distress during Covid-19. Few efforts have been made in the wider literature to understand how nurses experience well-being support or how they perceive it affects their well-being during pandemics. In the Middle East, understanding and exploring well-being support measures during pandemics from nurses' perspectives has not received significant attention. OBJECTIVE To investigate nurses' perspectives and experiences of well-being support measures during prior pandemics and the Covid-19 pandemic in the Middle East. METHODS A systematic qualitative review was undertaken utilising the JBI model as a framework. Searches were carried out in databases comprised CINAHL, MEDLINE, NUsearch Library of Nottingham University and Google Scholar. Moreover, a manual search through reference lists for relevant studies were carried out. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Eleven studies were included in the review. The findings from the included qualitative studies were extracted using the JBI-QARI data extraction tool for qualitative research. The results were synthesised using a meta-synthesis in line with the JBI approach. RESULTS The included studies yielded an aggregate of 111 findings and were categorised into 14 categories, followed by four synthesised findings. These were: [1] nurses experienced challenges during MERS, yet different strategies were implemented by leaders and nurses to manage these challenges; [2] some well-being support measures were unfulfilled during Covid-19; [3] additional aspects compounded negatively on nurses' well- being; and [4] nurses showed maturity during Covid-19. CONCLUSION In comparison to prior health emergencies, well-being support measures during Covid-19 were not sufficiently adopted. Nurse policymakers and managers should consider these support measures to correspond with nurses' needs and explore the contextual factors that affect their implementation. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42022344005).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmed Marair
- King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG1 5NT, UK.
| | - Nigel Slater
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG1 5NT, UK
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Wang QL, Liu LL, Liu CR, Zhu QS, Ren ZY, Gang TT, Zhou CY, Li QP, Chen X, Han BR. 'Internet+' comprehensive nursing training course in the post-epidemic era-an exploration of the mixed teaching mode: a randomized trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1152732. [PMID: 37448807 PMCID: PMC10336544 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1152732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the effect of the application of the 'Internet+' nursing teaching mode on the comprehensive teaching 'Fundamentals of Nursing'. Trial design Parallel design and convenient sampling were used to select vocational nursing students from the Nursing College of Capital Medical University. Methods Selected students were randomly divided into two groups. The control group consisted of 30 students in Grade 2020 higher vocational nursing education (traditional teaching mode). The observation group consisted of 30 students in Grade 2021 higher vocational nursing education (Internet+ mixed teaching mode). Training assessment results, automatic learning ability, professional identity, and satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the students in the observation group scored higher in the following operation practices: venous blood sampling, intradermal injection, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), sputum aspiration, and putting on and taking off robes (84.01 ± 0.87 vs. 92.14 ± 1.23; 91.41 ± 0.82 vs. 96.86 ± 0.27; 87.56 ± 0.31 vs. 93.91 ± 2.79; 88.11 ± 0.51 vs. 93.75 ± 0.29; and 82.29 ± 0.29 vs. 90.96 ± 0.34, respectively, with p < 0.05 for all scores). The total scores for autonomous learning ability and subjective satisfaction were also higher in the observation group compared with the control group (82.98 ± 4.72 vs. 93.17 ± 5.01 and 96.67% vs. 90.00%, respectively, with p < 0.05 for all scores). Conclusion In the post-epidemic era, the 'Internet+ hybrid teaching mode' was applied to comprehensive nursing teaching. This changed the traditional education mode, which focuses only on professional knowledge. The 'Internet+' teaching mode results showed that the professional, ideological, and political courses exhibited the same value guidance, which improved students' independent learning ability, practical operation ability, professional identity, and satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ling Wang
- Department of Emergency, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lan-Lan Liu
- Department of Emergency, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Rui Liu
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Shuang Zhu
- Education Division, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Ren
- Education Division, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Gang
- Education Division, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Zhou
- Education Division, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Li
- Department of Nursing, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Nursing, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin-Ru Han
- Department of Nursing, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Cao W, Zhao S, Tong X, Dai H, Sun J, Xu J, Qiu G, Zhu J, Tian Y. Spatial-temporal diffusion model of aggregated infectious diseases based on population life characteristics: a case study of COVID-19. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:13086-13112. [PMID: 37501479 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of infectious diseases pose significant threats to human life, and countries around the world need to implement more precise prevention and control measures to contain the spread of viruses. In this study, we propose a spatial-temporal diffusion model of infectious diseases under a discrete grid, based on the time series prediction of infectious diseases, to model the diffusion process of viruses in population. This model uses the estimated outbreak origin as the center of transmission, employing a tree-like structure of daily human travel to generalize the process of viral spread within the population. By incorporating diverse data, it simulates the congregation of people, thus quantifying the flow weights between grids for population movement. The model is validated with some Chinese cities with COVID-19 outbreaks, and the results show that the outbreak point estimation method could better estimate the virus transmission center of the epidemic. The estimated location of the outbreak point in Xi'an was only 0.965 km different from the actual one, and the results were more satisfactory. The spatiotemporal diffusion model for infectious diseases simulates daily newly infected areas, which effectively cover the actual patient infection zones on the same day. During the mid-stage of viral transmission, the coverage rate can increase to over 90%, compared to related research, this method has improved simulation accuracy by approximately 18%. This study can provide technical support for epidemic prevention and control, and assist decision-makers in developing more scientific and efficient epidemic prevention and control policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Cao
- School of Geoscience and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- School of Geoscience and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaochong Tong
- School of Geospatial Information, University of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haoran Dai
- Northern Information Control Research Institute Group Co. Ltd, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Jiang Sun
- Beijing QTMap Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- School of Geoscience and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | | | - Jingwen Zhu
- School of Geoscience and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuzhen Tian
- School of Geoscience and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Zeng F, John WCM, Sun X, Wang Y. COVID-19-associated impact and post-traumatic stress symptoms 39 days after pandemic in a sample of home-quarantined Chinese college students: the mediating effecting of past stressful events, psychological resilience, and social support. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:379. [PMID: 37254082 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 outbreak, most Chinese college students were home-quarantined to prevent the spread of the virus. COVID-19-associated impact has been shown to be a risk factor for the development of post-traumatic symptoms disorder (PTSD). However, little is known about the psychological processes that mediate this association. This study investigated the association between COVID-19-associated impact and PTSD and examined whether past stressful events, psychological resilience, and social support have mediating effects on this association. METHODS The 12,397 valid responses from 31cities in China via an online survey assessed PTSD symptoms, past stressful events, psychological resilience, social support and social-demographic variables. AMOS was used to test the hypotheses of mediating effects. RESULTS On the 39th day of the declared COVID-19 epidemic in China, 6.75% of the surveyed sample showed PTSD symptoms. A positive mediating effect of past stressful events was found between COVID-19-associated impact and PTSD, whereas psychological resilience and social support had negative mediating effects. The fit indices for the path model were found to be significant (β = 0.28, p < 0.001), COVID-19-associated impact indirectly affects the risk of PTSD through mediating pathways (past stressful events → psychological resilience → social support) on PTSD. CONCLUSIONS Attention should be paid to the effects of past stressful events of Chinese college students who were home-quarantined during the COVID-19 epidemic, and strategies should also be implemented to improve social support and develop psychological resilience. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Southwest Minzu University.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanmin Zeng
- Mental Health Education Centre of Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Wong Chee Meng John
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital & National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueli Sun
- Mental Health Centre of West China Hospital in Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yarong Wang
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, China
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Ling MS, Wang CP, Hsieh YL, Lin YP, Lee PC, Hu S, Hung FM. Emotional disturbance and risk factors among COVID-19 confirmed cases in isolation hotels. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2023; 32:469-478. [PMID: 36097408 PMCID: PMC9538577 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been isolated in hospital-managed isolation hotels under a policy of the Taiwan government. Centrally isolation patients are more likely to experience psychological symptoms. The purpose of the study was to investigate emotional disturbance during their isolation period and then pinpoint the factors during their isolation period associated with the emotional disturbance. We retrospectively analysed the medical charts of the patients confined to a Banqiao isolation hotel between May 28 and July 3, 2021. The 5-item brief symptom rating scale (BSRS-5) was used to evaluate emotional disturbance levels. Descriptive and logistic regression was used for the data analysis. In total, 197 complete medical records were reviewed, and of these 84 (42.6%) showed emotional disturbance. The majority of them reported only minor disturbance (n = 49, 58.3%). After controlling for confounding factors, being satisfied about medical information was the only protective factor associated with emotional disturbance (OR = 0.2, P = 0.018). Being a male patient (OR = 3.0, P = 0.005), worrying about stigmatization (OR = 2.2, P = 0.041) and being unable to contact family members (OR = 2.9, P = 0.018) increased the risk of experiencing emotional disturbance. Patients with clinical symptoms, namely sore throat (OR = 3.4, P = 0.013) and muscle aches (OR = 6.3, P = 0.005), were also found to be more likely to report emotional disturbance. Mental disturbance commonly occurs among patient with COVID-19 who are isolated in a hospital-managed hotel. Being a male patient, having symptoms, namely a sore throat and muscle pain, being unable to contact family and/or a failure to receive sufficient medical information were found to be associated with emotional disturbance. In order to help isolated patients, government officials should provide a clear rationale for isolation and recognize the patients' efforts to follow the government's policy, which will help to minimize social stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Sheng Ling
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ping Wang
- Department of Nursing, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Hsieh
- Resources Development & Management Center, Mennonite Christian Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Lin
- Department of Nursing, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Chung Lee
- Department of Nursing, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sophia Hu
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ming Hung
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ning H, Li Z, Qiao S, Zeng C, Zhang J, Olatosi B, Li X. Revealing geographic transmission pattern of COVID-19 using neighborhood-level simulation with human mobility data and SEIR model: A case study of South Carolina. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION : ITC JOURNAL 2023; 118:103246. [PMID: 36908290 PMCID: PMC9985702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jag.2023.103246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Direct human physical contact accelerates COVID-19 transmission. Smartphone mobility data has emerged as a valuable data source for revealing fine-grained human mobility, which can be used to estimate the intensity of physical contact surrounding different locations. Our study applied smartphone mobility data to simulate the second wave spreading of COVID-19 in January 2021 in three major metropolitan statistical areas (Columbia, Greenville, and Charleston) in South Carolina, United States. Based on the simulation, the number of historical county-level COVID-19 cases was allocated to neighborhoods (Census block groups) and points of interest (POIs), and the transmission rate of each allocated place was estimated. The result reveals that the COVID-19 infections during the study period mainly occurred in neighborhoods (86%), and the number is approximately proportional to the neighborhood's population. Restaurants and elementary and secondary schools contributed more COVID-19 infections than other POI categories. The simulation results for the coastal tourism Charleston area show high transmission rates in POIs related to travel and leisure activities. The results suggest that neighborhood-level infectious controlling measures are critical in reducing COVID-19 infections. We also found that households of lower socioeconomic status may be an umbrella against infection due to fewer visits to places such as malls and restaurants associated with their low financial status. Control measures should be tailored to different geographic locations since transmission rates and infection counts of POI categories vary among metropolitan areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ning
- Geoinformation and Big Data Research Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Zhenlong Li
- Geoinformation and Big Data Research Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Shan Qiao
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Chengbo Zeng
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Bankole Olatosi
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
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14
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Men K, Li Y, Wang X, Zhang G, Hu J, Gao Y, Han A, Liu W, Han H. Estimate the incubation period of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Comput Biol Med 2023; 158:106794. [PMID: 37044045 PMCID: PMC10062796 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is an infectious disease that presents unprecedented challenges to society. Accurately estimating the incubation period of the coronavirus is critical for effective prevention and control. However, the exact incubation period remains unclear, as COVID-19 symptoms can appear in as little as 2 days or as long as 14 days or more after exposure. Accurate estimation requires original chain-of-infection data, which may not be fully available from the original outbreak in Wuhan, China. In this study, we estimated the incubation period of COVID-19 by leveraging well-documented and epidemiologically informative chain-of-infection data collected from 10 regions outside the original Wuhan areas prior to February 10, 2020. We employed a proposed Monte Carlo simulation approach and nonparametric methods to estimate the incubation period of COVID-19. We also utilized manifold learning and related statistical analysis to uncover incubation relationships between different age and gender groups. Our findings revealed that the incubation period of COVID-19 did not follow general distributions such as lognormal, Weibull, or Gamma. Using proposed Monte Carlo simulations and nonparametric bootstrap methods, we estimated the mean and median incubation periods as 5.84 (95% CI, 5.42-6.25 days) and 5.01 days (95% CI 4.00-6.00 days), respectively. We also found that the incubation periods of groups with ages greater than or equal to 40 years and less than 40 years demonstrated a statistically significant difference. The former group had a longer incubation period and a larger variance than the latter, suggesting the need for different quarantine times or medical intervention strategies. Our machine-learning results further demonstrated that the two age groups were linearly separable, consistent with previous statistical analyses. Additionally, our results indicated that the incubation period difference between males and females was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Men
- Institute for Research on Health Information and Technology, School of Public Health, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Yihao Li
- The Gabelli School of Business, Fordham University, Lincoln Center, New York, NY, 10023, USA
| | - Xia Wang
- The Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Guangwei Zhang
- Institute for Research on Health Information and Technology, School of Public Health, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Institute for Research on Health Information and Technology, School of Public Health, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- Institute for Research on Health Information and Technology, School of Public Health, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Ashley Han
- The Skyline High School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48103, USA
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Institute of Computational Science and Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Henry Han
- The Laboratory of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Innovation, Department of Computer Science, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76789, USA.
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15
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Singh T, Tripathi S, Dwivedi A, Acevedo-Duque Á. Post-COVID green supply chain management of used products: a study towards awareness for vaccination. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:42526-42540. [PMID: 35687291 PMCID: PMC9186285 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21321-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the era of digital media, there is rapid spread of information. During coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic situation, the government and other administrative bodies were highly dependent on media outlets, as direct contact was not feasible. Visual communication tools are used to spread awareness and encourage people towards vaccination. The circulation of wrong information may lead to confusion, which may cause denying the vaccine. There was a need to know the extent for contribution of visual communication tools for spreading correct information and motivating the society towards vaccination in post COVID times. In the present study, survey questionnaires were framed specific to which media (print or digital) was more effective to deliver the correct information to the targeted audience. The present study objectives to answer the questions through a survey of 312 people of different age groups, and the data was collected about their families. The obtained data was tested through hypothesis, and fact-checked was performed adopting analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results from the study highlighted that different age groups prefer different mediums of communication. The reach and adoption of digital media have tremendously increased, and it helped to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) by efficient green supply chain management (GSCM) of daily plastic and paper wastage during post-pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Design Discipline, Prasad Mishra Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Sarvesh Tripathi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Design Discipline, Prasad Mishra Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Ashish Dwivedi
- Jindal Global Business School, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, India
| | - Ángel Acevedo-Duque
- Observatory of Public Policy, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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16
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Ariapooran S, Abdolmaleki B. Compassion Fatigue in Nurses: The Role of Spiritual Well-Being, Emotion Regulation and Time Perspective. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2023; 28:150-154. [PMID: 37332382 PMCID: PMC10275470 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_293_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Nurses experience many psychological problems in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Compassion Fatigue (CF) in nurses and the role of Spiritual Well-being (SW), Emotion Regulation (ER), and Time Perspective (TP) in predicting it. Materials and Methods The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical samples of this study included 394 nurses in Iran who were selected by the census sampling method. The sub-scale of CF from the Professional Quality of Life Scale, SW questionnaire, ER, and the short form of TP questionnaires were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance tests were used to analyze the data. Results The prevalence of CF in nurses in the COVID-19 outbreak was 59.39%. CF in female nurses was higher than that in male nurses (F3,392 = 15.23, p < 0.001); in married nurses, it was higher than that in single nurses (F3,392 = 14.23, p < 0.001); and in nurses on fixed shifts, it was higher than that in nurses on rotating shifts (F3,392 = 5.63, p < 0.001). Also, CF in the emergency nurses, intensive care unit nurses, and coronary care unit nurses working under COVID-19 pandemic was higher than that in the emergency nurses and nurses who worked in other wards (F3,388 = 14.31, p < 0.001). The results of hierarchical regression showed that SW, ER, and positive past negatively and suppression, present-fatalistic, negative past, and negative future positively predicted the CF (p < 0.001). Conclusions Based on the results, programs and psychological trainings based on SW, ER, and TP are suggested to reduce CF in nurses in the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ariapooran
- Department of Psychology, Malayer University, Literature and Humanistic College, Malayer, Iran
| | - Bahram Abdolmaleki
- MA in Psychology, Department of Psychology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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17
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Pascoal LM, de Oliveira Lopes MV, da Silva VM, Diniz CM, Nunes MM, Guedes NG, de Menezes AP. Simultaneous concept analysis of nursing diagnoses related to respiratory function. Nurs Forum 2022; 57:1513-1522. [PMID: 36210479 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM To perform a simultaneous concept analysis of the concepts associated to nursing diagnoses ineffective airway clearance, ineffective breathing pattern, and impaired gas exchange. BACKGROUND Concepts about respiratory manifestations need to be well defined, especially in the current pandemic scenario. For that, the simultaneous concept analysis can help in the clarity and differentiation of similar concepts. METHODS A concept analysis using the Walker and Avant approach and an integrative review. Data were collected by a group of nurses through a literature review. The group identified 10 articles that met the inclusion criteria and complemented the understanding of the concepts analysed through the sequential description of respiratory physiology in technical books. RESULTS The final list included 28, 22, and 21 clinical indicators for ineffective breathing pattern, impaired gas exchange, and ineffective airway clearance, respectively. The former, the final proposal incorporated 13 indicators that were pointed out by the group and 15 defining characteristics of NANDA-International. For Impaired gas exchange, the indicator "decreased oxygen saturation" was included; among the defining characteristics of NANDA-International, "abnormal arterial blood gases" was excluded, and "abnormal breathing pattern" was subdivided into "alterations in respiratory depth," "bradypnea," "tachypnea," and "change in respiratory rhythm." The latter, only the "wide-eyed" was removed from the final list of clinical indicators, which subsequently consisted of nine indicators suggested by the group and 12 defining characteristics. CONCLUSION This concept analysis may aid in the process of differentiation for ineffective airway clearance, ineffective breathing pattern, and impaired gas exchange, and aid in safer diagnostic inference. This concept analysis can support the understanding of respiratory nursing diagnoses, helping nurses to identify and differentiate them more safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia M Pascoal
- Nursing Department, Center of Social Sciences, Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, University Av., Dom Afonso Felipe Gregory, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila M Diniz
- Nursing Department, Federal University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marília M Nunes
- Nursing Department, Federal University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Nirla G Guedes
- Nursing Department, Federal University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
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Asghar A, Imran HM, Bano N, Maalik S, Mushtaq S, Hussain A, Varjani S, Aleya L, Iqbal HMN, Bilal M. SARS-COV-2/COVID-19: scenario, epidemiology, adaptive mutations, and environmental factors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:69117-69136. [PMID: 35947257 PMCID: PMC9363873 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic of 2019 has already exerted an enormous impact. For over a year, the worldwide pandemic has ravaged the whole globe, with approximately 250 million verified human infection cases and a mortality rate surpassing 4 million. While the genetic makeup of the related pathogen (SARS-CoV-2) was identified, many unknown facets remain a mystery, comprising the virus's origin and evolutionary trend. There were many rumors that SARS-CoV-2 was human-borne and its evolution was predicted many years ago, but scientific investigation proved them wrong and concluded that bats might be the origin of SARS-CoV-2 and pangolins act as intermediary species to transmit the virus from bats to humans. Airborne droplets were found to be the leading cause of human-to-human transmission of this virus, but later studies showed that contaminated surfaces and other environmental factors are also involved in its transmission. The evolution of different SARS-CoV-2 variants worsens the condition and has become a challenge to overcome this pandemic. The emergence of COVID-19 is still a mystery, and scientists are unable to explain the exact origin of SARS-CoV-2. This review sheds light on the possible origin of SARS-CoV-2, its transmission, and the key factors that worsen the situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Asghar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Imran
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Bano
- Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Maalik
- Department of Zoology, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Sajida Mushtaq
- Department of Zoology, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Asim Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, 64849, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China.
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19
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GÜLBAY G, SAVRUN A. COVID-19 vakalarında DNA hasarı ve enflamasyon. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.1102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study is to see oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG), its relationship with inflammatory mediators (IL6 and TNFA), and its reflections on laboratory findings in patients who had COVID-19 infection at different intensities.
Materials and Methods: Serum interleukin-6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFA), and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were measured using kits based on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) principle.
Results: In COVID-19 positive patients treated in intensive care 8-OHdG marker level is at the highest level and statistically significant. In patients receiving inpatient treatment in the hospitalized, the 8-OHdG marker level is higher than the control and outpatient groups. IL6 values were at the highest level in the patient group treated in the intensive care unit and were higher than the outpatient and control groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the control and patient groups in terms of TNFA values. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was lower in the control group than in all patient groups. C-reactive protein (CRP) is higher in hospitalized patients than in the control group. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was found to be statistically significantly higher in hospitalized patients than outpatients.
Conclusion: As the severity of COVID-19 increases, serum 8-OHdG and IL6 levels also increase. These parameters can guide the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients in the early stages of the disease course.
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Postpartum Depression after Maternal Isolation during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The MUMI-19 Study (Mothers Undergoing Mental Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic). J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195504. [PMID: 36233372 PMCID: PMC9573123 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the world by imposing unprecedented health measures, including in the postpartum period. Objectives: We aim to assess the impact of maternal isolation in the immediate postpartum period on the rate of postpartum depression (PPD) in a tertiary center. Study Design: We conducted a prospective cohort study, between 22 April and 29 October 2020, using anonymous questionnaires on 265 participants (129 during lockdown and 135 outside). The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used as screening for PPD. We used a univariate logistic regression model to analyze the association between risk factors and PPD. Results: There was no difference between the two groups for PPD assessed by an EPDS score >10.5 on day 30 and/or day 60 (23.1% vs. 29.3%, p = 0.661) but on day 3 it was higher (31% vs. 17.8%, p = 0.015) during the lockdown period and partners were more impacted psychologically (48.3% vs. 10.5%, p < 0.001). Parity ≥1 was a protective factor for PPD (OR = 0.2, 95% CI [0.1−0.6], p = 0.003). Risk factors of PPD were: history of psychological abuses (OR = 6.4, CI 95% [1.1−37.6], p = 0.04), stressful life event (OR = 4.5, CI 95% [1.6−12.6], p = 0.004), and bad birth experience (OR = 5.1, CI 95% [1.4−17.8], p = 0.012). Conclusion: Maternal isolation in the immediate postpartum period is associated with an increased rate of moderate to severe symptoms of postpartum blues. The well-known long-term consequences of PPD must be balanced against the expected benefits of partner’s restrictive access to maternity ward.
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Mansouri F, Lahlou L, Camara M, Seck S, Hadji Makhtar Ba E, Thiam MH. [Assessing psychological, anxiety, depression and stress levels of Senegalese general population during COVID-19 pandemic]. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2022:S0003-4487(22)00279-7. [PMID: 36091092 PMCID: PMC9444494 DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES - Assessing of Impact of Event, depression, anxiety and stress levels in the Senegalese general population during the COVID19 pandemic and identifying associated factors. METHODS - Socio-demographic data, psychological impact of the pandemic, and mental health status of participants were collected using an online questionnaire administered to the general population of Senegal between April 1st and April 30th 2021. Psychological impact and mental health status were assessed, respectively, by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 21 (DASS21). The data were analyzed by Jamovi software, version 1.6.23. Logistic regression in univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine statistically significant associations with a significance level of p<0.05. RESULTS - We enrolled 447 respondents with 19% reporting a moderate to severe psychological impact of the outbreak. Respectively 13.4%, 5.1% and 15.2% had moderate to extremely severe symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Statistically significant associations with higher odds of severe levels of psychological impact of the event, depression, anxiety, and stress were represented by five characteristics: Living in Dakar, no formal education, a personal medical chronic disease, a close family member with a chronic medical disease and poor to very poor self-reported health status. CONCLUSION - This study determined the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and stress in the Senegalese general population during the COVID19 pandemic. Our study assessed the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and stress in the general population of Senegal during the COVID pandemic19. It confirms that the pandemic has truly an impact on the mental health of the Senegalese population. This impact is strongly influenced by geographic area and level of education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faouz Mansouri
- Interne de psychiatrie, Service de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier National de Fann, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Laila Lahlou
- Professeur de médecine communautaire, épidémiologie et santé publique, Faculté de Médecine et de pharmacie d'Agadir, Université Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Maroc
| | - Momar Camara
- Professeur Assimilé de psychiatrie, service de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier National de Fann, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Sokhna Seck
- Professeur Assimilé de psychiatrie, service de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier National de Fann, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - El Hadji Makhtar Ba
- Professeur Assimilé de psychiatrie, service de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier National de Fann, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Mamadou Habib Thiam
- Professeur Titulaire de psychiatrie et chef de service de psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire National de Fann, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
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22
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Gabra MA, Mohammed KAE, Hegazy MN, Hendi AE. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among nursing staff who provided direct care to COVID-19 patients: a cross-sectional study. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9441223 DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00233-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a major physical and psychological burden on nursing staff who provide patient care in difficult circumstances with persistent exposure to infected patients. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among nursing staff working during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with different work-related variables. It was designed as a cross-sectional comparative study in which 102 nurses on duty during the past 6 months were enrolled and divided into two groups. The first group included fifty-one COVID-dealing nurses who provided direct patient care to COVID-19 patients (emergency department, isolation zone, and intensive care unit (ICU)), while the second group included fifty-one non-COVID-dealing nurses on duty during the same period but in other hospital units and not providing direct care to COVID-19 patients (inpatient and outpatient wards). Sociodemographic data, work-related variables, PTSD symptom severity, and diagnosis were all assessed. Results The COVID-dealing nurses had significantly less frequent short breaks (P = 0.007), inadequate organizational support and compensation (P = 0.024), and inadequate time off work (P = 0.004) compared to non-COVID-dealing nursing staff. They were also significantly suffering from PTSD compared to second-line staff (P = 0.025). Conclusions COVID-dealing nurses providing direct care to COVID-19 patients suffered significantly from PTSD with a variety of contributing work-related variables.
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23
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Rezapour M, Hansen L. A machine learning analysis of COVID-19 mental health data. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14965. [PMID: 36056129 PMCID: PMC9438361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19314-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In late December 2019, the novel coronavirus (Sars-Cov-2) and the resulting disease COVID-19 were first identified in Wuhan China. The disease slipped through containment measures, with the first known case in the United States being identified on January 20th, 2020. In this paper, we utilize survey data from the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research and apply several statistical and machine learning models and techniques such as Decision Trees, Multinomial Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, k-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machines, Neural Networks, Random Forests, Gradient Tree Boosting, XGBoost, CatBoost, LightGBM, Synthetic Minority Oversampling, and Chi-Squared Test to analyze the impacts the COVID-19 pandemic has had on the mental health of frontline workers in the United States. Through the interpretation of the many models applied to the mental health survey data, we have concluded that the most important factor in predicting the mental health decline of a frontline worker is the healthcare role the individual is in (Nurse, Emergency Room Staff, Surgeon, etc.), followed by the amount of sleep the individual has had in the last week, the amount of COVID-19 related news an individual has consumed on average in a day, the age of the worker, and the usage of alcohol and cannabis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Rezapour
- Department of Mathematics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Lucas Hansen
- Department of Mathematics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Rakshit P, Kumar S, Noeiaghdam S, Fernandez-Gamiz U, Altanji M, Santra SS. Modified SIR model for COVID-19 transmission dynamics: Simulation with case study of UK, US and India. RESULTS IN PHYSICS 2022; 40:105855. [PMID: 35945965 PMCID: PMC9353108 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2022.105855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease and has spread over more than 200 countries since its outbreak in December 2019. This pandemic has posed the greatest threat to global public health and seems to have changing characteristics with altering variants, hence various epidemiological and statistical models are getting developed to predict the infection spread, mortality rate and calibrating various impacting factors. But the aysmptomatic patient counts and demographical factors needs to be considered in model evaluation. Here we have proposed a new seven compartmental model, Susceptible- Exposed- Infected-Asymptomatic-Quarantined-Fatal-Recovered (SEIAQFR) which is based on classical Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model dynamic of infectious disease, and considered factors like asymptomatic transmission and quarantine of patients. We have taken UK, US and India as a case study for model evaluation purpose. In our analysis, it is found that the Reproductive Rate ( R 0 ) of the disease is dynamic over a long period and provides better results in model performance ( > 0 . 98 R-square score) when model is fitted across smaller time period. On an average 40 % - 50 % cases are asymptomatic and have contributed to model accuracy. The model is employed to show accuracy in correspondence with different geographic data in both wave of disease spread. Different disease spreading factors like infection rate, recovery rate and mortality rate are well analyzed with best fit of real world data. Performance evaluation of this model has achieved good R-Square score which is 0 . 95 - 0 . 99 for infection prediction and 0 . 90 - 0 . 99 for death prediction and an average 1 % - 5 % MAPE in different wave of the disease in UK, US and India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranati Rakshit
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, JIS College of Engineering, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumen Kumar
- Associate Consultant and Data Scientist in Tata Consultancy Services Ltd., Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Samad Noeiaghdam
- Industrial Mathematics Laboratory, Baikal School of BRICS, Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, 664074, Russia
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Programming, South Ural State University, Lenin prospect 76, Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia
| | - Unai Fernandez-Gamiz
- Nuclear Engineering and Fluid Mechanics Department, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Nieves Cano 12, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Mohamed Altanji
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shyam Sundar Santra
- Department of Mathematics, JIS College of Engineering, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
- Department of Mathematics, Applied Science Cluster, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
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25
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Tong F, Zhang L, Huang L, Yang H, Wen M, Jiang L, Zou R, Liu F, Peng W, Huang X, Yang D, Yang H, Yi L, Liu X. The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers. Front Public Health 2022; 10:963673. [PMID: 36062114 PMCID: PMC9428345 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.963673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As unprecedented and prolonged crisis, healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of developing psychological disorders. We investigated the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on HCWs. Methods This cross-sectional study randomly recruited 439 HCWs in Hunan Cancer Hospital via a web-based sampling method from June 1st 2021 to March 31st 2022. Anxiety and depression levels were measured using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) was used to assess the presence and severity of PTSD. Fear was measured by modified scale of SARS. Data were collected based on these questionnaires. Differences in fear, anxiety, depression and PTSD among HCWs with different clinical characteristics were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of variance. The Cronbach's alpha scores in our samples were calculated to evaluate the internal consistency of HADS, fear scale and PCL-5. Results The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and PTSD in HCWs was 15.7, 9.6, and 12.8%, respectively. Females and nurses were with higher fear level (P < 0.05) and higher PTSD levels (P < 0.05). Further analysis of female HCWs revealed that PTSD levels in the 35-59 years-old age group were higher than that in other groups; while married female HCWs were with increased fear than single HCWs. The internal consistency was good, with Cronbach's α = 0.88, 0.80 and 0.84 for HADS, fear scale, and PCL, respectively. Conclusion Gender, marital status, and age are related to different level of psychological disorders in HCWs. Clinical supportive care should be implemented for specific group of HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tong
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lemeng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Medical Services Section, Xinhua People's Hospital, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Hongxia Yang
- Medical Services Section, Xinhua People's Hospital, Pingdingshan, China,Medical Oncology Department, Xinhua People's Hospital, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Minni Wen
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ran Zou
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wanglian Peng
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xufen Huang
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Desong Yang
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lili Yi
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Clinical Spiritual Care, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Xiaohong Liu
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26
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Ning H, Li Z, Qiao S, Zeng C, Zhang J, Olatosi B, Li X. Revealing geographic transmission pattern of COVID-19 using neighborhood-level simulation with human mobility data and SEIR model: A Case Study of South Carolina. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2022:2022.08.16.22278809. [PMID: 36032968 PMCID: PMC9413698 DOI: 10.1101/2022.08.16.22278809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Direct human physical contact accelerates COVID-19 transmission. Smartphone mobility data has been an emerging data source to reveal fine-grained human mobility, which can be used to estimate the intensity of physical contact surrounding different locations. Our study applied smartphone mobility data to simulate the second wave spreading of COVID-19 in January 2021 in three major metropolitan statistical areas (Columbia, Greenville, and Charleston) in South Carolina, United States. Based on the simulation, the number of historical county-level COVID-19 cases was allocated to neighborhoods (Census blockgroups) and points of interest (POIs), and the transmission rate of each allocated place was estimated. The result reveals that the COVID-19 infections during the study period mainly occurred in neighborhoods (86%), and the number is approximately proportional to the neighborhood’s population. Restaurants and elementary and secondary schools contributed more COVID-19 infections than other POI categories. The simulation results for the coastal tourism Charleston area show high transmission rates in POIs related to travel and leisure activities. The results suggest that the neighborhood-level infectious controlling measures are critical in reducing COVID-19 infections. We also found that the households of lower socioeconomic status may be an umbrella against infection due to fewer visits to places such as malls and restaurants associated with their low financial status. Control measures should be tailored to different geographic locations since transmission rates and infection counts of POI categories vary among metropolitan areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ning
- Geoinformation and Big Data Research Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Zhenlong Li
- Geoinformation and Big Data Research Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Shan Qiao
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Chengbo Zeng
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Bankole Olatosi
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Big Data Health Science Center, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
- Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
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Mishra D, Satapathy S. The Pandemic COVID-19 and Its Impact on Indian Agricultural Sectors. JOURNAL OF GLOBAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.4018/jgim.297906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 has created a major panic among the agricultural sectors as well as the farmers in India owing to its’ transmissions, severity, and a lack of proper treatment methodology. From the cross-sectional study with the help of designed questionnaire relating to the “demographic-information”, ”knowledge, attitudes and practices” of Indian farmers and “DASS-21 variables”, the data from 143 farmers’ were collected and analyzed. Further, by using the "Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM)" approach, an ISM model was developed followed by MICMAC analysis for possible mitigation measures during this pandemic outbreak. The findings provided the interrelationships among the possible mitigation measures for the farmers as well as for the benefits in Indian agricultures, which can be suitably used in appropriate psychological-interventions preparation for improving the mental-health among the farmers during this pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debesh Mishra
- KIIT University (Deemed), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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28
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Tekeli T, Dénes A, Röst G. Adaptive group testing in a compartmental model of COVID-19 . MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2022; 19:11018-11033. [PMID: 36124578 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2022513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Various measures have been implemented around the world to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. A potential tool to reduce disease transmission is regular mass testing of a high percentage of the population, possibly with pooling (testing a compound of several samples with one single test). We develop a compartmental model to study the applicability of this method and compare different pooling strategies: regular and Dorfman pooling. The model includes isolated compartments as well, from where individuals rejoin the active population after some time delay. We develop a method to optimize Dorfman pooling depending on disease prevalence and establish an adaptive strategy to select variable pool sizes during the course of the epidemic. It is shown that optimizing the pool size can avert a significant number of infections. The adaptive strategy is much more efficient, and may prevent an epidemic outbreak even in situations when a fixed pool size strategy can not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Tekeli
- Bolyai Institute, University of Szeged, Aradi vértanúk tere 1., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Dénes
- Bolyai Institute, University of Szeged, Aradi vértanúk tere 1., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Röst
- Bolyai Institute, University of Szeged, Aradi vértanúk tere 1., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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29
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BALCI A, ÇİLEKAR Ş, COŞĞUN İG. Knowledge and Attitude of New Coronavirus Epidemic (COVID-19) Among Health Care Workers. BEZMIALEM SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.14235/bas.galenos.2021.4935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Al-Hadi Hasan A, Waggas D. Psychological wellbeing and associated factors among nurses exposed to COVID 19: Findings from a cross sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION : IJDRR 2022; 76:103025. [PMID: 35572806 PMCID: PMC9085385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus pandemic known as COVID-2019 poses a global concern. The psychological well-being of front-line nurses and other healthcare providers is a major concern. AIMS This study evaluated the psychological well-being and the associated factors among nurses in Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The cross-sectional survey was conducted during the peak period of COVID 19 among 367 nurses recruited from Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital. The online survey was used with the snowballing sampling technique to collect the participants' socio-demographic data and assess their psychological status using DASS-21; in addition, the major traumatic event was assessed by Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and self-efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS 67.7% of the 367 respondents experienced moderate or severe psychological problem; 46.1% reported moderate to severe depressive symptoms; 48.0% moderate to severe anxiety symptoms; and 48.4% moderate to severe stress levels. The psychological status and influence of a major traumatic event and self-efficacy were statistically significant different among nurses according to age, gender, working experience, marital status, working in a COVID 19 unit or with suspected cases. CONCLUSIONS Nurses had a significantly increased risk of developing psychological problems, negatively impacted by the major traumatic event and poor self-efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd Al-Hadi Hasan
- Associate Professor, Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Nursing Department, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Alhamra District, Palestine Street, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dania Waggas
- Asssitant Profesor Pharmacology, Medicine Program, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, MBBS Department, Alhamra District, Palestine Street, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Al-Essa RS, Alkharashi MS. Preoperative universal screening for COVID-19 in patients undergoing ophthalmic surgeries: Experience from a tertiary eye care center in Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Ophthalmol 2022; 35:316-319. [PMID: 35814999 PMCID: PMC9266476 DOI: 10.4103/sjopt.sjopt_8_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to determine the frequency of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) among patients scheduled for elective and emergency ophthalmic surgeries in a tertiary eye care center in Saudi Arabia. METHODS This observational retrospective study was performed between June 1, 2020, and October 31, 2020, in a single tertiary eye care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All patients who were given appointments for elective or emergency surgeries were included in the study. All patients underwent preoperative nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 virus. Retrospective chart review of all patients who tested positive for COVID-19 was performed for the demographic and clinical information; presence of symptoms upon presentation, nature, and urgency of the scheduled surgical intervention; and the overall outcomes. RESULTS A total of 727 patients were scheduled for elective or emergency ophthalmic surgeries during the study period. The mean age of all patients was 61.3 years, 407 were males (55.9%) and 320 were females (44.1%). Of 727 patients tested for COVID-19, the test was positive in 17 (2.3%) patients. All patients who tested positive for COVID-19 were asymptomatic at the time of swabbing. No patient-related perioperative complications or health-care workers' affection secondary to exposure to positive cases were documented. CONCLUSION The study showed that almost 1 in 43 patients scheduled for elective or emergency ophthalmic surgeries may be positive for COVID-19. All positive cases were asymptomatic at the time of swabbing, underscoring the importance of the routine preoperative screening for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakan S. Al-Essa
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Dr. Rakan S. Al-Essa, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | - Majed S. Alkharashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Nayebi A, Navashenaq JG, Soleimani D, Nachvak SM. Probiotic supplementation: A prospective approach in the treatment of COVID-19. Nutr Health 2022; 28:163-175. [PMID: 34747257 PMCID: PMC9160438 DOI: 10.1177/02601060211049631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Despite strategies based on social distancing, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) expands globally, and so far, many attempts have been made to achieve effective treatment for patients with COVID-19. This disease infects the lower respiratory tract and may lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). COVID-19 also can cause gastrointestinal infections. Therefore, COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms are more likely to be complicated by SARS-CoV. In this disease, acquired immune responses are impaired, and uncontrolled inflammatory responses result in cytokine storms, leading to acute lung injury and thrombus formation. Probiotics are living microorganisms that contribute to the health of the host if administered in appropriate doses. Aim: This study aimed to provide evidence to show the importance of gut dysbiosis in viral disease, especially COVID-19. Therefore, we have focused on the impact of probiotics consumption on preventing severe symptoms of the disease. Methods: We have entirely searched SCOPUS, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases to collect evidence regarding the relationship between probiotics and viral infections to expand this relationship to the COVID-19. Results: It has been shown that probiotics directly counteract SARS-CoV in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Moreover, probiotics suppress severe immune responses and prevent cytokine storms to inhibit pathologic inflammatory conditions in the body via modulation of immune responses. Conclusion: According to available evidence based on their antiviral and respiratory activities, using probiotics might be an adjuvant therapy to reduce the burden and severity of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiyeh Nayebi
- Student Research Committee, Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Davood Soleimani
- Student Research Committee, Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,Research Center of Oils and Fats, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,Seyyed Mostafa Nachvak, Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6719851552, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Mostafa Nachvak
- Student Research Committee, Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Yuan B, Zhao H, Li J. Health policy response to mobility during the pandemic: Evaluating the effectiveness using location‐based services big data. Int J Health Plann Manage 2022; 37:2836-2851. [DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bocong Yuan
- School of Tourism Management, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Hairong Zhao
- School of Tourism Management, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University Zhuhai China
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Abbasi BA, Saraf D, Sharma T, Sinha R, Singh S, Sood S, Gupta P, Gupta A, Mishra K, Kumari P, Rawal K. Identification of vaccine targets & design of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus using computational and deep learning-based approaches. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13380. [PMID: 35611169 PMCID: PMC9124463 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
An unusual pneumonia infection, named COVID-19, was reported on December 2019 in China. It was reported to be caused by a novel coronavirus which has infected approximately 220 million people worldwide with a death toll of 4.5 million as of September 2021. This study is focused on finding potential vaccine candidates and designing an in-silico subunit multi-epitope vaccine candidates using a unique computational pipeline, integrating reverse vaccinology, molecular docking and simulation methods. A protein named spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 with the GenBank ID QHD43416.1 was shortlisted as a potential vaccine candidate and was examined for presence of B-cell and T-cell epitopes. We also investigated antigenicity and interaction with distinct polymorphic alleles of the epitopes. High ranking epitopes such as DLCFTNVY (B cell epitope), KIADYNKL (MHC Class-I) and VKNKCVNFN (MHC class-II) were shortlisted for subsequent analysis. Digestion analysis verified the safety and stability of the shortlisted peptides. Docking study reported a strong binding of proposed peptides with HLA-A*02 and HLA-B7 alleles. We used standard methods to construct vaccine model and this construct was evaluated further for its antigenicity, physicochemical properties, 2D and 3D structure prediction and validation. Further, molecular docking followed by molecular dynamics simulation was performed to evaluate the binding affinity and stability of TLR-4 and vaccine complex. Finally, the vaccine construct was reverse transcribed and adapted for E. coli strain K 12 prior to the insertion within the pET-28-a (+) vector for determining translational and microbial expression followed by conservancy analysis. Also, six multi-epitope subunit vaccines were constructed using different strategies containing immunogenic epitopes, appropriate adjuvants and linker sequences. We propose that our vaccine constructs can be used for downstream investigations using in-vitro and in-vivo studies to design effective and safe vaccine against different strains of COVID-19.
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Gabay G, Tarabeih M. Death From COVID-19, Muslim Death Rituals and Disenfranchised Grief - A Patient-Centered Care Perspective. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2022:302228221095717. [PMID: 35485141 PMCID: PMC9086202 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221095717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In Islam, religious directives regarding death are derived from the Quran and Islamic tradition, but there is a variety of death rituals and practices, lived by Muslims across contexts and geographies. This narrative study explored the dynamics of death and bereavement resulting from COVID-19 death among religious Muslims in Israel. Narrative interviews were conducted with 32 religious Muslims ages 73-85. Findings suggest several absent death rituals in COVID-19 deaths (i.e., the physical and spiritual purification of the body, the shrouding of the body, the funeral, and the will). Theoretically, this study linked death from COVID-19 with patient-centered care, highlighting disenfranchised grief due to the clash of health authority guidelines with religious death practices. Methodologically, this narrative study voices the perspectives of elder religious Muslims in Israel. Practically, this study suggests ways to implement the cultural perspective in COVID-19 deaths and enable a healthy bereavement process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillie Gabay
- Multi-Disciplinary Studies,
Achva
Academic College, Shikmim, Israel
| | - Mahdi Tarabeih
- Faculty of Nursing Science, Academic Collège
of Tel-Aviv Jaffa, Tel-Aviv,
Israel
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Jing Y, Wang J, Zhang H, Yang K, Li J, Zhao T, Liu J, Wu J, Chen Y. Alterations of Urinary Microbial Metabolites and Immune Indexes Linked With COVID-19 Infection and Prognosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:841739. [PMID: 35422810 PMCID: PMC9001849 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.841739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has evolved into an established global pandemic. Metabolomic studies in COVID-19 patients is worth exploring for further available screening methods. In our study, we recruited a study cohort of 350 subjects comprising 248 COVID-19 patients (161 non-severe cases, 60 asymptomatic cases, and 27 severe cases) and 102 healthy controls (HCs), and herein present data with respect to their demographic features, urinary metabolome, immunological indices, and follow-up health status. We found that COVID-19 resulted in alterations of 39 urinary, mainly microbial, metabolites. Using random forest analysis, a simplified marker panel including three microbial metabolites (oxoglutaric acid, indoxyl, and phenylacetamide) was constructed (AUC=0.963, 95% CI, 0.930-0.983), which exhibited higher diagnostic performance than immune feature-based panels between COVID-19 and HC groups (P<0.0001). Meanwhile, we observed that urine metabolic markers enabled discriminating asymptomatic patients (ASY) from HCs (AUC = 0.981, 95% CI, 0.946-0.996), and predicting the incidence of high-risk sequalae in COVID-19 individuals (AUC=0.931, 95% CI, 0.877-0.966). Co-expression network analysis showed that 13 urinary microbial metabolites (e.g., oxoglutaric acid) were significantly correlated with alterations of CD4+, CD3+, and CD8+ T-cells, as well as IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-4 levels, suggesting close interactions between microbial metabolites and host immune dysregulation in COVID-19. Taken together, our findings indicate that urinary metabolites may have promising potential for screening of COVID-19 in different application scenarios, and provide a new entry point to understand the microbial metabolites and related immune dysfunction in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Jing
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jungang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaxiu Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaokai Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
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SHEDDING LIGHT ON THE TOXICITY OF SARS-CoV-2-DERIVED PEPTIDE IN NON-TARGET COVID-19 ORGANISMS: A STUDY INVOLVING INBRED AND OUTBRED MICE. Neurotoxicology 2022; 90:184-196. [PMID: 35395329 PMCID: PMC8982478 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in research on the vaccine and therapeutic strategies of COVID-19, little attention has been paid to the possible (eco)toxicological impacts of the dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 particles in natural environments. Thus, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the behavioral and biochemical consequences of the short exposure of outbred and inbred mice (male Swiss and C57Bl/6 J mice, respectively) to PSPD-2002 (peptide fragments of the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2) synthesized in the laboratory. Our data demonstrated that after 24 h of intraperitoneal administration of PSPD-2002 (at 580 μg/kg) the animals did not present alterations in their locomotor, anxiolytic-like, or anxiety-like behavior (in the open field test), nor antidepressant-like or depressive behavior in the forced swimming test. However, the C57Bl/6 J mice exposed to PSPD-2002 showed memory deficit in the novel object recognition task, which was associated with higher production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, as well as the increased suppression of acetylcholinesterase brain activity, compared to Swiss mice also exposed to peptide fragments. In Swiss mice the reduction in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the brain was not associated with increased oxidative stress biomarkers (hydrogen peroxide), suggesting that other antioxidant mechanisms may have been activated by exposure to PSPD-2002 to maintain the animals' brain redox homeostasis. Finally, the results of all biomarkers evaluated were applied into the "Integrated Biomarker Response Index" (IBRv2) and the principal component analysis (PCA), and greater sensitivity of C57Bl/6 J mice to PSPD-2002 was revealed. Therefore, our study provides pioneering evidence of mammalian exposure-induced toxicity (non-target SARS-CoV-2 infection) to PSPD-2002, as well as “sheds light” on the influence of genetic profile on susceptibility/resistance to the effects of viral peptide fragments.
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Sandhu J, Kumar A, Gupta SK, Garg S. Corona Chronicles: A Cross-sectional Survey of Practices, Challenges, and Dermatological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2022; 15:49-58. [PMID: 35465037 PMCID: PMC9017663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective Mask usage and hand hygiene are the pillars of defense against the novel pathogen causing COVID-19. This study was conducted to compare these practices among healthcare workers (HCWs) and nonhealthcare workers (nonHCWs) and to examine the outlook toward the healthcare sector among the two. Methods A cross-sectional online survey (via Google forms) using snowball sampling was conducted. Appropriate ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC). HCWs and nonHCWs 18 years of age or older with basic literacy in English and with internet access were included. Results There were 404 total respondents (M:F ratio: 0.87:1; mean age: 30.16±9.63 years). Among the respondents, 63.3 percent were HCWs while 35.6 percent were nonHCWs. Persons performing hand hygiene more than10 times/day were found to be almost three times more likely to develop skin dryness (odds ratio [OR]: 2.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.372, 6.362). Female participants were found to be 2.5 times more likely to develop dryness (odds ratio: 2.594, 95% CI: 1.590, 4.234). Use of gloves was found to be a protective factor against development of dryness (odds ratio: 0.485,95% CI: 0.287, 0.818). A statistically significant correlation was found between mask acne and female respondents (p-value=0.000), HCWs (p-value=0.000), and use of N95 mask in combination with surgical mask (p-value=0.04). Limitations Being an online survey, responses could not be captured from people with limited internet access and of lower socio-economic strata. Conclusion There is a considerable burden of preventive measures on HCWs and nonHCWs alike. Significant dermatological implications are seen with frequent hand hygiene and mask usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspriya Sandhu
- All authors are with the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital in Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Arushi Kumar
- All authors are with the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital in Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Gupta
- All authors are with the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital in Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Shriya Garg
- All authors are with the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital in Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Outcome, Severity, and Risk of Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 and Chronic Underlying Diseases: A Prospective Study. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid.111794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: The novel coronavirus pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2 (SARS COV-2), has become a global threat and rapidly spread worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a number of challenges, the most notable of which is the management of patients with chronic underlying diseases. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the risk of COVID-19 severity and mortality in patients with chronic underlying diseases. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the data on the disease severity and morality of confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to Baharloo Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from February 2020 to March 2020 were analyzed and reported. Patients’ characteristics, including age, gender, and underlying diseases, were also considered. Results: The study encompassed 1244 patients with the mean age of 53.29 years, among whom there were 573 patients with at least one co-existing chronic disease. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), and ischemic heart disease (IHD) were the most common co-existing chronic diseases. The findings revealed that underlying diseases were significantly associated with disease mortality and severity. Conclusions: The findings showed that patients with comorbidities were significantly at higher risk of death and severe forms of COVID-19. In this regard, patients with underlying diseases should be of concern.
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Reyes-Molina D, Alonso-Cabrera J, Nazar G, Parra-Rizo MA, Zapata-Lamana R, Sanhueza-Campos C, Cigarroa I. Association between the Physical Activity Behavioral Profile and Sedentary Time with Subjective Well-Being and Mental Health in Chilean University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2107. [PMID: 35206294 PMCID: PMC8872099 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between the behavioral profile of physical activity and sedentary time with subjective well-being and mental health in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. METHODS Cross-sectional study in a voluntary sample of 469 university students (22.4 ± 0.19 years; 66% women). According to students' self-reports of physical activity and sedentary time, four behavioral profiles were created to investigate their association with subjective well-being and mental health using one-factor ANOVA that was adjusted to a multifactorial model. RESULTS The physically inactive and sedentary behavior profile presents the lowest levels of subjective well-being (p < 0.001), positive affective experiences (p < 0.001) and general mental health (p = 0.001). When adjusting for confounding variables, it was observed that the physically active and non-sedentary profile was associated with better general mental health (p < 0.01) in contrast to those who are physically active and sedentary. CONCLUSIONS Chilean university students with a physically inactive and sedentary profile during the pandemic presented worse well-being and mental health, with a sedentary lifestyle being one of the variables that most affects the mental health of these students. Therefore, measures should be implemented to encourage this population to maintain adequate levels of physical activity and reduce sedentary times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Reyes-Molina
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile;
| | - Jesús Alonso-Cabrera
- Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 081008, Colombia;
| | - Gabriela Nazar
- Departamento de Psicología y Centro de Vida Saludable, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile;
| | - Maria Antonia Parra-Rizo
- Departamento de Psicología de la Salud, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Alicante, Spain;
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Internacional de Valencia, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Zapata-Lamana
- Escuela de Educación, Universidad de Concepción, Los Ángeles 4440000, Chile; (R.Z.-L.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Cristian Sanhueza-Campos
- Escuela de Educación, Universidad de Concepción, Los Ángeles 4440000, Chile; (R.Z.-L.); (C.S.-C.)
| | - Igor Cigarroa
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Los Ángeles 4440000, Chile
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Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Undergraduate Nursing Towards Novel Corona Virus (COVID 19). Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 17:e109. [PMID: 35000648 PMCID: PMC9530372 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent emerging respiratory disease caused by the novel type of Coronavirus has been named as COVID-19. This respiratory illness has received international attention and it is categorized as a high-threat disease in the US by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of undergraduate nursing students towards COVID-19. METHODS Descriptive cross-sectional design was used to assess knowledge, practice and attitudes of 255 undergraduate nursing students towards COVID-19. Study participants were recruited from the nursing college to Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, between April and July, 2020. RESULTS The results of study participants showed that undergraduate nursing students had moderate knowledge of COVID-19. Also, participants had high level of knowledge regarding nature of diseases and precautionary measures by health care providers' dimensions however, they expressed limited knowledge towards modes of transmission. Moreover, study participants demonstrated an optimistic attitude toward disease and good practice towards COVID-19. CONCLUSION The study results revealed that the study's participants demonstrated good knowledge with favorable and accepted practice. This study suggests the importance of emphasis on infectious disease in the nursing curriculum.
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Yang K, Deng J, Wang L, Jiang S, Lu R, Liu Z, Tuo X. Tracing Management and Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Close Contacts in Cities Around Chengdu, China. Front Public Health 2022; 9:645798. [PMID: 34976905 PMCID: PMC8714902 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.645798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Close contacts have become a potential threat to the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of this study was to understand the epidemiological characteristics of close contacts of confirmed or suspected cases of COVID-19 in the surrounding cities of Chengdu, China, so as to provide a basis for the management strategy of close contacts. Methods: Close contacts were determined through epidemiological investigation of indicated cases, and relevant information was entered in the “Close Contact Information Management System.” Retrospective data of close contacts from January 22 to May 1, 2020 were collected and organized. Meanwhile, the contact mode, isolation mode, and medical outcome of close contacts were descriptively analyzed. Results: A total of 986 close contacts were effectively traced, with an average age of (36.69 ± 16.86) years old, who were mainly distributed in cities of eastern Chengdu. The frequency of contact was mainly occasional contact, 80.42% of them were relatives and public transportation personnel. Besides, the time of tracking close contacts and feedback was (10.64 ± 5.52) and (7.19 ± 6.11) days, respectively. A total of seven close contacts were converted to confirmed cases. Conclusions: Close contacts of COVID-19 have a risk of invisible infection. Early control of close contacts may be helpful to control the epidemic of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Emergency and Business Management Office, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiali Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Emergency and Business Management Office, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Emergency and Business Management Office, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Lu
- Emergency and Business Management Office, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijian Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chenghua District, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Tuo
- Emergency and Business Management Office, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
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Shahid H, Hasan MA, Ejaz O, Khan HR, Idrees M, Ashraf M, Aftab S, Qazi SA. The Severity of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress: Recommendations From Joint Work of Research Center and Psychology Clinics in COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:839542. [PMID: 35795030 PMCID: PMC9251409 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.839542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the psychological stability of general population of Pakistan. However, research on the severity of COVID-19 induced depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) in Pakistan is scarce. This paper thereby investigates the severity of COVID-19 induced DAS based on demographic, socioeconomic, and personal feeling variables by modeling DAS. Snowball sampling strategy was adopted to conduct online survey from July 03, 2021 to July 09, 2021. Out of 2,442, 2,069 responses from Karachi were included. Descriptive and inferential statistics (binary and multinomial logistic regression analysis) were performed using SPSS V21 (IBM, 2013) to identify significant determinants and their association with DAS severity. The result of this study indicates 27.8, 21.7, and 18.3% respondents suffer from severe and extremely severe states of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Binary logistic regression revealed that age is a significant determinant with odds of having 4.72 (95% CI = 1.86-11.97) and 5.86 (95% CI = 2.26-15.2) times greater depression, and stress for respondents aged 19-26 years. Moreover, gender-based difference is also observed with females 1.34 (95% CI = 1.08-1.68) and 1.75 (95% CI = 1.40-2.20) times more likely to exhibit anxiety and stress than males. Furthermore, marital status is a significant determinant of depression with odds of having depression is 0.67 (95% CI = 0.48-0.93) times greater for married population. Multinomial logistic regression revealed that those who believe COVID-19 pandemic has affected them mentally, fear new COVID-19 cases and deaths, depressed due to imposition of lockdown, believe they will not survive COVID-19 infection, and spend more time on social media gathering COVID-19 updates suffer from extremely severe state of depression (OR mental-effect-of-pandemic = 3.70, OR new-COVID-19-cases-and-deaths = 2.20, OR imposition-of-lockdown = 17.77, OR survival-probability = 8.17, OR time-on-social-media = 9.01), anxiety (OR mental-effect-of-pandemic = 4.78, OR new-COVID-19-cases-and-deaths = 3.52, OR imposition-of-lockdown = 5.06, OR survival-probability = 8.86, OR time-on-social-media = 5.12) and stress (OR mental-effect-of-pandemic = 6.07, OR imposition-of-lockdown = 11.38, OR survival-probability = 15.66, OR time-on-social-media = 4.39). Information regarding DAS severity will serve as a platform for research centers and psychological clinics, to work collectively and provide technology-based treatment to reduce the burden on the limited number of psychologist and psychotherapist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Shahid
- Neurocomputation Laboratory, National Center of Artificial Intelligence, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abul Hasan
- Neurocomputation Laboratory, National Center of Artificial Intelligence, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Osama Ejaz
- Neurocomputation Laboratory, National Center of Artificial Intelligence, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hashim Raza Khan
- Neurocomputation Laboratory, National Center of Artificial Intelligence, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Electronics Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Al'Shakoor Mental Health Clinic, Al'Shakoor Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan.,Rehabilitation Centre for Drug Addicts, New Horizon Care Centre (NHCC), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mishal Ashraf
- Al'Shakoor Mental Health Clinic, Al'Shakoor Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan.,Rehabilitation Centre for Drug Addicts, New Horizon Care Centre (NHCC), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Aftab
- Institute of Clinical Psychology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saad Ahmed Qazi
- Neurocomputation Laboratory, National Center of Artificial Intelligence, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Electrical Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
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Oladeji FA, Balogun JA, Aderounmu T, Omodunbi TO, Idowu PA. Prognostic Model for the Risk of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Using Fuzzy Logic Modeling. JOURNAL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.4018/jitr.299378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study formulated a model for assessing the risk of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) based on variables associated with the spread of COVID-19 infections. The study used the Mamdani fuzzy logic model based on a multiple input and single output (MISO) scheme which required 12 inputs and 1 output variable. Each of the input variables was identified using binary values, namely: No and Yes while the spread of COVID-19 was assessed using four nominal linguistic values. Two triangular membership functions were used to formulate each associated variable and four triangular membership functions to formulate the spread of COVID-19 using specific crisp intervals. The results of the study showed that 4096 rules were inferred from the possible combination of the binary linguistic values of the associated variables for the assessment of the spread of COVID-19. The study concluded that knowledge about variables associated with the spread of COVID-19 infection can be adopted for supporting decision-making which affects the assessment of the spread of COVID-19 by stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Peter Adebayo Idowu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has frightened people worldwide, and coronavirus has become the most commonly used phrase in recent years. Therefore, there is a need for a systematic literature review (SLR) related to Big Data applications in the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. The objective is to highlight recent technological advancements. Many studies emphasize the area of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Our study categorizes the many applications used to manage and control the pandemic. There is a very limited SLR prospective of COVID-19 with Big Data. Our SLR study picked five databases: Science direct, IEEE Xplore, Springer, ACM, and MDPI. Before the screening, following the recommendation, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) were reported for 893 studies from 2019, 2020 and until September 2021. After screening, 60 studies met the inclusion criteria through COVID-19 data statistics, and Big Data analysis was used as the search string. Our research’s findings successfully dealt with COVID-19 healthcare with risk diagnosis, estimation or prevention, decision making, and drug Big Data applications problems. We believe that this review study will motivate the research community to perform expandable and transparent research against the pandemic crisis of COVID-19.
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Restorative Practice in the Criminal Justice System: Examining a Restorative Reasoning Programme in a Women’s Prison. LAWS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/laws10040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper is an analysis of a six-week Restorative Reasoning Programme that took place with 13 women in a UK women’s prison. It is an exploratory evaluation based on an adapted version of the QUALIPREV scheme. This two-stage evaluation examines both the processes of the programme, in terms of how well it ran, as well as the outcomes of the programme, in terms of how effective it was in supporting the women to address problem behaviours. Data comprise interviews with the two programme designers and facilitators and with two Prison staff responsible for activities and training; the programme materials used during the scheme; session evaluation forms; and post-programme self-completion reflections from the women engaged in the programme. Overall, the scheme had a range of positive impacts for the women: many expressed a change in attitude, including being more open for discourse and discussion around the harm they may have caused, being more willing to consider the repair needed in their personal relationships, and in some cases seeking subsequent referrals for further restorative work.
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Kosasih CE, Solehati T, Trisyani Y. The Effectiveness of Quarantine Interventions on the Spread of Corona Virus 2019: A Systematic Review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 virus has become a terrible thing and is a serious threat to health globally which spreads very fast throughout the world with the number of cases increasing sharply and causing high mortality rates. This disease has become an international public health emergency.
AIM: This study aimed to systematically investigate the effectiveness of quarantine against the spread of disease due to the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).
METHODS: Searching for articles was using electronic databases in English such as CINAHL (EBSCO), Science Direct, ProQuest, Scopus, Springer Link, PubMed, Willey Online Library, Clinical key, Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE, Taylor and Francis Online, Cambridge Core, and sage journals to review the literature published between 2019 and 2020.
RESULTS: Seven quarantine intervention programs were demonstrated to prevent and reduce the spread of COVID-19. The most common interventions were divided into four types of programs, namely: (1) Quarantine program: “Susceptible Exposed Infectious Recovered,” (2) quarantine programs: Mitigation, quarantine program: Public health intervention, (3) quarantine programs based on laboratories, and (4) quarantine programs on cruise ships.
CONCLUSION: Successful interventions were characterized by a combination of multi-sectorial collaboration, community involvement, community-based service delivery, and broader programs both in scope and compliance. This program has proven to be beneficial in preventing or reducing the spread of COVID-19. Suggestion: The government can use these programs to prevent and reduce the spread of disease caused by COVID-19.
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Karthika C, Swathy Krishna R, Rahman MH, Akter R, Kaushik D. COVID-19, the firestone in 21st century: a review on coronavirus disease and its clinical perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:64951-64966. [PMID: 34599450 PMCID: PMC8486628 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16654-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak began in late 2019 in Wuhan, China, and have since spread globally. Deep sequencing analysis identified the disease within a few weeks, and on February 11, the World Health Organization (WHO) named it "COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2." SARS-CoV-2 was declared a global pandemic by the WHO in March 2020. Coronavirus disease has become a global challenge for researchers and health care workers, affecting over 174 million people and causing over 3 million deaths. Because of the widespread nature, extensive measures are being taken to reduce person-to-person contact, and special precautions are being taken to prevent the transmission of this infection to vulnerable populations such as geriatrics, pediatrics, and health care professionals. We summarized the genesis of COVID-19 spread, its pathology, clinical perspectives, and the use of natural ingredients as a possible cure for COVID-19 in this review. This article has highlighted information about current vaccines approved for emergency use as well as those in various stages of clinical trials. Vaccine availability around the world is a promising development in the fight against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We conducted a narrative review to present the current state and research on this situation, specific diagnosis, clinical manifestation, emergency approaches, herbal-based remedies, and COVID vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenmala Karthika
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Swathy Krishna
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka, 1213, Bangladesh.
| | - Rokeya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, Sadarghat, Dhaka, 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
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Khan H, Srivastava R, Tripathi N, Uraiya D, Singh A, Verma R. Level of anxiety and depression among health-care professionals amidst of coronavirus disease: A web-based survey from India. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2021; 10:408. [PMID: 35071614 PMCID: PMC8719567 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_162_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of novel coronavirus diseases-2019 (COVID-19) across the world and its associated morbidity and mortality confronted the nations by various means. COVID19 pandemic had significant psychological effects not only on the general population but also on health-care workers (HCWs). Hence, we aimed to found the level of anxiety and depression among health-care professionals amidst coronavirus. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 829 participants including doctors and nurses and other medical staff who were posted in the COVID ward and COVID intensive care unit using a well-structured questionnaire through the Google Forms. The two scales used to measure anxiety and depression among the HCWs were the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAM-A) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Cronbach's alpha of HAM A is 0.921 and Cronbach's alpha of PHQ 9 is 0.851. Data analysis was done using SPSS 26, Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to establish the association between categorical independent and dependent variables. RESULTS The results of this study demonstrate that anxiety and depression were significantly higher in doctors and staff nurses as compared to other medical staff. According to HAM-A, 65.1% of respondents were in the mild category, 22.0% mild to moderate, and 12.9% moderate to severe. The HAM-A (P = 0.022) and PHQ-9 (P = 0.001) for anxiety and depression respectively were significantly higher in females. The means of the scales got increased after postings in the corona wards. CONCLUSION Concerning the high occurrence of anxiety and fear among health-care professionals, appropriate psychological/psychiatric intervention necessitates and emphasizes the need to implement urgent measures to prevent further progress to severe mental health disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Srivastava
- Department of TB and Chest, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Tripathi
- Department of Medicine, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dharmendra Uraiya
- Department of Medicine, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Astha Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Verma
- Department of Anesthesia, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ponce-Blandón JA, Jiménez-García VM, Romero-Castillo R, Pabón-Carrasco M, Jiménez-Picón N, Calabuig-Hernández R. Anxiety and Perceived Risk in Red Cross Volunteer Personnel Facing the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:720222. [PMID: 34759865 PMCID: PMC8573282 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current situation of sanitary emergencies, humanitarian organizations and their volunteers are playing an important role in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A study is proposed that includes a network of volunteers who perform humanitarian activities during the COVID-19 pandemic to assess anxiety, perceived risk, and response behaviors and to explore their relationship with sociodemographic variables. For data collection, an online questionnaire was developed through the Google Forms® platform, where the perceived risk, anxiety, and behavioral responses of the general population to the Influenza A (H1N1) pandemic were assessed. The survey presented is a modified version of that survey adapted for COVID-19. This adaptation was endorsed by an experts committee made up of the health chief of the Ecuadorian Red Cross, the focus point of operations from the International Federation of the Red Cross in Ecuador, and a member from the Health Unit of the Americas Regional Office of the International Federation of the Red Cross. A significant relationship has been shown between the job situation and perceived risk and anxiety, being the staff who worked full time away from home, which was exposed to greater risk and anxiety. Both perceived risk and perceived anxiety are very high (according to a 5-point Likert scale). Knowing these data from this first-line personnel will allow adopting measures that could be beneficial for stress management and, therefore, contribute to the well-being and support of these humanitarian and volunteer organizations in the worldwide response to COVID-1 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Ponce-Blandón
- Red Cross Nursing School, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,International Federation of Red Cross, Ecuador Country Office, Quito, Ecuador
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