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Fernando AN, Dwyer B, Randhawa A, Sharp G. The co-design and acceptability of a genital body image educational video for people with a penis. Body Image 2024; 51:101751. [PMID: 38908064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Within body image research, genital body image has not received significant attention. This project aimed to explore how positive genital body image could be fostered among people with a penis by co-designing and developing an educational resource. Participants were 22 people in Australia who identified as having a penis and were involved in three phases of co-design focus groups. Thematic and content analyses were used to generate themes across the data with each phase informing the next, culminating in a prototype resource being shown to participants in the final phase. Amongst the predominantly cisgender men sample, there was consensus that a brief, animated, educational video could have potential in promoting a positive genital body image in people with a penis. For video content, participants were not supportive of challenging societal messaging around penis size that "bigger is better". Instead, participants supported the inclusion of information about the range of penile functions, promoting acceptance of penile size/appearance and that fulfilling intimate relationships were possible irrespective of penis size. The feedback was positive overall for the final prototype video. To our knowledge, we describe the first co-designed educational resource for people with a penis and contribute to the understanding of this understudied topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nileshni Fernando
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
| | - Bronwyn Dwyer
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
| | - Alisha Randhawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
| | - Gemma Sharp
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004.
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2
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Galper EF, Widman L, Brasileiro J, Noar SM. Adolescents' pornography viewing frequency and its relationship with condom attitudes. Sex Health 2024; 21:SH24025. [PMID: 38769682 DOI: 10.1071/sh24025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background This study examined adolescent pornography viewing and its' relationship with condom attitudes. Methods Data were from 457 adolescents aged 13-18years old who completed an online survey assessing pornography viewing frequency and condom attitudes. Results Many adolescents in our sample had viewed pornography in the past year (n =188, 41%), with pornography viewing frequency being higher among older adolescents (P =0.02), those who have had sex in the past year (P =0.001), and those who identified as White (P =0.01), LGB+ (P =0.05), and male (P =0.001). Adolescents who viewed pornography more frequently had more negative condom attitudes (r =-0.18, P Conclusions A substantial proportion of adolescents in our sample viewed pornography and those who view more frequently had more negative condom attitudes. Results indicate a need for experimental studies examining this relationship and interventions addressing pornography literacy among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F Galper
- Hussman School of Journalism and Media, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laura Widman
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Julia Brasileiro
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Seth M Noar
- Hussman School of Journalism and Media, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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3
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Mestre-Bach G, Villena-Moya A, Chiclana-Actis C. Pornography Use and Violence: A Systematic Review of the Last 20 Years. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:1088-1112. [PMID: 37309642 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231173619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pornography use is one of the factors that has been proposed to be associated with violence. We aimed to explore the literature of the last 20 years, with the objective of understanding the possible association between pornography use and violence. Two electronic databases (PsycINFO/PsycARTICLES and PubMed/Medline) were used. We included members of the general population, of any sex, age, and sexual orientation, who were direct users of pornography or have a partner who uses pornography. Only studies with pornography use and violence assessments, and that specifically evaluated the association between both factors, were included. In all, 59 studies met the inclusion criteria. An association between pornography use and nonsexual violence seems to exist, although the causality of this association remains unclear. Heterogeneity of results exists regarding the association between pornography use and intimate partner sexual assault and coercion: some studies have failed to demonstrate this association, while others have observed it partially or significantly. Contradictory results have also been observed when examining the association between pornography use, rape myths, and other beliefs/attitudes. The main limitation is the heterogeneity in the conceptualization of both constructs (pornography and violence). Multiple theoretical models, methodologies, and categorizations have been used in the studies, complicating the comparability of the findings. The association between different types of violence and pornography use requires further in-depth research to better understand the specific link between both constructs.CRD42021259874.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación (CITEI) - Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Alejandro Villena-Moya
- Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación (CITEI) - Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Unidad de Sexología Clínica y Salud Sexual, Consulta Dr. Carlos Chiclana, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Chiclana-Actis
- Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación (CITEI) - Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Unidad de Sexología Clínica y Salud Sexual, Consulta Dr. Carlos Chiclana, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Sanz-Barbero B, Estévez-García JF, Madrona-Bonastre R, Vicens GR, Serra L, Vives-Cases C. Pornography, sexual orientation and ambivalent sexism in young adults in Spain. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:374. [PMID: 38317123 PMCID: PMC10840255 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17853-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND On line platforms offer access to an almost unlimited variety of pornographic material that shows high levels of sexism. Despite this fact, there are still few studies that assess the effect of pornography on sexism in young adults The aim of this study is to analyze the association of pornography consumption and sexual orientation with benevolent sexism (BS) and hostile sexism (HS) in young men and women. METHODS We surveyed 2,346 people aged 18-35 years old. Multiple regression models were carried out for BS and HS. The independent variables: current pornography consumption and sexual orientation. Covariates: socio-demographic variables -age, sex, level of education and place of birth-. RESULTS A) HS: Men who consumed pornography had higher median values of HS than those who did not [β(95%CI):2.39(0.67;4.10)]. Homosexual/ bisexual men displayed lower values of HS than heterosexual men [β(95%CI):-2.98(-4.52;-1.45)]. The increase in HS levels associated with pornography consumption was notably greater in homosexual and bisexual women relative to heterosexual women, where that pattern was not observed [β(95%CI for interaction): 2.27(0.11; 4.43)]. B) BS: Mean values of BS were observed to be lower for both women [β(95%CI):-2.16(-2.99;-1.32)] and men [β(95%CI):-4.30(-5.75;-2.86)] who consumed pornography compared to those who did not. Homosexual/bisexual men recorded mean values of BS lower than heterosexual men [β(95%CI):-3.10(-4.21;-1.99)]. CONCLUSIONS Pornography consumption is related to sexism and differs according to sex and sexual orientation. As sexism is the substratum of inequality between men and women, it is urgent to launch affective-sexual education programs for young people that take into account the determinants of sexism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Sanz-Barbero
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics National School of Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Madrona-Bonastre
- Public Health Research Group, Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, Alicante University, Crta. San Vicente, S/N, 03690, Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain.
| | - Gemma Renart Vicens
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Research Group On Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Laura Serra
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Research Group On Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Carmen Vives-Cases
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Research Group, Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, Alicante University, Crta. San Vicente, S/N, 03690, Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
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5
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Villena-Moya A, Granero R, Chiclana-Actis C, Potenza MN, Blycker GR, Demetrovics Z, Bőthe B, Steward T, Fernández-Aranda F, Jiménez-Murcia S, Mestre-Bach G. Spanish Validation of the Long and Short Versions of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS and PPCS-6) in Adolescents. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2024; 53:673-687. [PMID: 37845419 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Although 1-14% of adolescents may experience problematic pornography use (PPU), psychometrically sound instruments for assessing PPU in Spanish-speaking adolescents are scarce. Given the advantages of the different forms of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS), the aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the PPCS and PPCS-6, and to examine associations between PPU and age among boys and girls. Two school-based adolescent samples were recruited in Spain (n = 650; Mage = 16.0 [SD = 1.1]; 50% girls and 50% boys) and Mexico (n1, 160; Mage = 15.8 [SD = 1.1]; 68% girls) to assess the psychometric properties of the PPCS and PPCS-6. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied and convergent and discriminant validity with other measures related to PPU was also tested. The results provided empirical support for the six-factor structure of the PPCS and the one-factor structure of the PPCS-6. Boys with older age showed higher levels of tolerance than girls on the PPCS in both countries. Both the PPCS and the PPCS-6 may be considered valid psychometric instruments for the assessment of PPU in Spanish-speaking adolescents from Spain and Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Villena-Moya
- Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, La Rioja, 26006, Spain
- Unidad de Sexología Clínica y Salud Sexual de la Consulta Dr. Carlos Chiclana, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Chiclana-Actis
- Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, La Rioja, 26006, Spain
- Unidad de Sexología Clínica y Salud Sexual de la Consulta Dr. Carlos Chiclana, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gretchen R Blycker
- College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Bőthe
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec á Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Trevor Steward
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, La Rioja, 26006, Spain.
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6
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Willoughby BJ, Dover CR. Context Matters: Moderating Effects in the Associations between Pornography Use, Perceived Addiction, and Relationship Well-being. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2024; 61:37-50. [PMID: 36449353 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2022.2148155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
While perceived addiction and religiosity have been key contextual factors in understanding the link between pornography use and personal distress, these contextual factors have been explored less in the relational literature. Using a large nonprobability convenience sample from the United States, a moderated mediation model of the association between pornography use alone and two key indicators of relationship quality (relationship satisfaction and relationship stability) was explored. Results suggested that both general and aggressive pornography use alone were associated with less relationship satisfaction and relationship stability even when accounting for a range of potentially confounding variables. Perceived addiction partially mediated these associations, while both religiosity and gender moderated them. Generally, higher religiosity and being male were linked to compounding negative associations between pornography use and lower relationship quality. Findings suggest the importance of considering both religiosity and perceived addiction as important contextual factors when studying associations between pornography use and both relational and individual outcomes.
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7
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Yu K, Wu AMS, Feng C, Zhao W, Zuo G. Understanding Perceived Problematic Pornography Use with the Differential Susceptibility to Media Effects Model. JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2023; 50:326-341. [PMID: 38018139 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2023.2287217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Problematic pornography use and its adverse consequences are prevalent, but little is known about its psychosocial contributors. Drawing on the Differential Susceptibility to Media Effects Model (DSMM), this study explores whether and how perceived problematic Internet pornography use is associated with psychological factors from three domains: social (i.e., family adaptability), dispositional (i.e., self-acceptance), and development factors (i.e., impulse control difficulties). Analysis of an anonymous survey of 1,483 Chinese emerging adults showed that family adaptability and self-acceptance were negatively correlated with perceived problematic pornography use, whereas impulse control difficulties were positively correlated with perceived problematic pornography use. Self-acceptance mediated the association between family adaptability and perceived problematic pornography use. Impulse control difficulties moderated such mediation effect, in which the protective effect of family adaptability on self-acceptance and that of self-acceptance on perceived problematic pornography use were attenuated by impulse control difficulties. These findings advance understanding of the complex underlying psychosocial mechanisms of perceived problematic pornography use by providing evidence to the applicability of DSMM on such problematic use and clarifying the direct, indirect, and/or moderating role(s) of family adaptability, self-acceptance, and impulse control difficulties in those mechanisms. They also provide insights for targeted approaches in future intervention programs among emerging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yu
- Law School, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Chun Feng
- Law School, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Law School, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Guoguo Zuo
- Law School, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
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8
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Fernández-Ruiz M, López-Entrambasaguas OM, Martínez-Linares JM, Granero-Molina J. Young Women's Attitudes and Concerns Regarding Pornography and Their Sexual Experiences: A Qualitative Approach. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2877. [PMID: 37958021 PMCID: PMC10649751 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explores female university students' attitudes toward and concerns about pornography, based on their experience watching it and on sexual encounters with men. It used a qualitative descriptive design. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 participants between March and April 2020. Thematic data analysis was performed using COREQ reporting guidelines. Three themes emerged from the data: (1) the sexual learning process, (2) the role of pornography in women's sexuality, and (3) sexual experiences. Participants reported how they learned about sexuality and how pornography influenced sexual experiences. Self-esteem issues and societal norms regarding hair removal and difficulty saying "no" to unwanted or humiliating sexual practices were found. The young women were not comfortable with women's representations in mainstream pornography. They blamed pornography for negative sexual experiences and claimed it influenced them and young men. Participants usually assumed submissive roles during sex and permitted aggressive sexual behaviors. The study reveals valuable information on how young women learn about sex and their difficulty in refusing unwanted sexual activities and even aggressive practices. Sexual education programs should include assertiveness training to improve sexual health, consent, and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Fernández-Ruiz
- Nursing, Physiotheraphy and Medicine Department, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.F.-R.); (J.G.-M.)
| | | | | | - José Granero-Molina
- Nursing, Physiotheraphy and Medicine Department, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.F.-R.); (J.G.-M.)
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9
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Sanz-Barbero B, Pérez-Martínez V, Estévez-García JF, Vives-Cases C. Is sexual attraction and place of origin a moderator of sex in pornography consumption? Cross-sectional study on a representative sample of young adults. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1347. [PMID: 37442986 PMCID: PMC10339620 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pornography consumption is higher in men, but we do not know if this association can be modified by different variables, such as sexual attraction and place of origin. Given the impact pornography has on minors, there are limited studies that analyze the use of pornography in representative samples of the adult population. The aim was analyze the prevalence and factors associated with using pornography in young adult men and women, living in Spain, with different sexual attractions and different places of birth. METHODS Cross-sectional study with an online survey conducted with 2515 men and women aged between 18 and 35 years of age. The prevalence of pornography consumption is described and analyzed in the total sample and stratified by sex, according to socio-demographic and sexual attraction variables. The association between covariates and pornography consumption at some point in life was estimated with prevalence ratios (PR) obtained with the Poisson models of robust variance. DEPENDENT VARIABLE voluntarily using pornography at some point in life. Socio-demographic variables were included in the analysis: age, sex, level of education, place of birth. Sexual attraction was also analyzed. RESULTS In Spain, 94.7% of men between 18 and 34 years and 74.6% of women have voluntarily used pornography at some point in their life. The mean age to start using it is earlier in men [Mean:14.2; Standard Deviation (SD):2.3]. Bisexual/homosexual attraction (reference: heterosexual) increases the probability of using pornography in women [(PR (95%CI): 1.30 (1.22; 1.38)]. Yet this is not observed in men. In both sexes, the probability of using pornography increases with age [(PR (95%CI): 1.01(1.00; 1.01)] and coming from abroad (reference: native), being the effect of country of birth significantly higher in women [(PR (95%CI): 1.17 (1.09; 1.26)] than in men [(PR (95%CI): 1.04 (1.01; 1.07). CONCLUSIONS Public health programmes aimed at improving affective-sexual health should consider the high use of pornography among young adults in Spain, as well as those variables that increase its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Sanz-Barbero
- National School of Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Pérez-Martínez
- Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public health and History of Science Department, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
| | | | - Carmen Vives-Cases
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public health and History of Science Department, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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10
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Van Deventer H, Ross MW, Thomson J, Du Toit M, Poelsma M, Pienaar M, Van der Merwe A, Botha MH. The start of sexual health curriculum development and evaluation at Stellenbosch University. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med 2023; 15:e1-e9. [PMID: 37042540 PMCID: PMC10091179 DOI: 10.4102/phcfm.v15i1.3825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stellenbosch University's (SU) Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (FMHS), developed a sexual health course to be integrated throughout the revised medical curriculum. AIM To use the Sexual Health Education for Professionals Scale (SHEPS) to gather baseline and future follow-up data to inform curriculum development and evaluation. SETTING The first-year medical students (N = 289) of the FMHS SU. METHODS The SHEPS was answered before the start of the sexual health course. The knowledge, communication and attitude sections were answered with a Likert-type scale. Students had to describe their perceived confidence in their knowledge and communication skills to care for patients within specific sexuality-related clinical scenarios. The attitude section measured the students' level of agreement or disagreement on sexuality-related opinion statements. RESULTS The response rate was 97%. Most students were female, and 55% of the class were first taught about sexuality in the age group 13-18 years. The students had more confidence in their communication skills than knowledge before any tertiary training. The attitude section revealed a binomial distribution, ranging from acceptance to a more restrictive attitude towards sexual behaviour. CONCLUSION It is the first time the SHEPS has been used in a South African context. The results provide novel information about the range of perceived sexual health knowledge, skills and attitudes of first-year medical students before they start tertiary training.Contribution: Findings from this study will guide content development and evaluation of the sexual health course at the institution where the study was conducted, as well as allow for culture sensitive education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Van Deventer
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town.
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11
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Jhe GB, Addison J, Lin J, Pluhar E. Pornography use among adolescents and the role of primary care. Fam Med Community Health 2023; 11:fmch-2022-001776. [PMID: 36650009 PMCID: PMC9853222 DOI: 10.1136/fmch-2022-001776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the increase in pornography use among adolescents over the years, we discuss the impact of its use on sexual health development as well as the role of primary care providers (PCPs) in assessing use and providing sexual health education. While pornography use is often viewed negatively, it is important to develop unbiased understanding of the use in order to provide non-judgemental, adolescent-focused and educational care. As PCPs are often the first point of contact when adolescents experience medical and behavioural health concerns, it is essential for them to be equipped to screen for pornography use effectively, create a confidential and comfortable environment to talk about pornography use and sexuality, and be informed of ways to promote open discussion between youth and parents. In addition to PCP involvement, parental collaboration, knowledge and comfortability with discussing pornography use with their child are powerful tools in understanding and navigating pornography use in this population. This special communication seeks to provide an objective view of adolescents' pornography use, guidelines for screening of pornography use and ways to facilitate conversations about the use between adolescents and caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace B Jhe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA .,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jessica Addison
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Lin
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Division of Adolescent and Transition Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Emily Pluhar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Srivastava S, Chauhan S, Patel R, Marbaniang SP, Kumar P, Dhillon P, Pandey N. Exposure to Pornographic Content Among Indian Adolescents and Young Adults and Its Associated Risks: Evidence from UDAYA Survey in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 52:361-372. [PMID: 36109450 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is period characterized by sexual development, increasing romantic relationships, and the initiation of sexual activity. To enhance the exploration of their sexuality, adolescents may look into sexual resources such as pornography. There has been little research in India to understand how much adolescents are exposed to Internet pornography and what are the associated risk factors. This study examined the level of exposure to pornography among adolescents and the associated factors which determine the exposure to pornography in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) survey data collected in 2015-2016 was used for this study. The study was based on 3885 adolescent boys and 7766 adolescent girls aged 15-19 years. The mean age for adolescent boys was 16.66 years (SD: 1.3), and for girls it was 16.67 years (SD: 1.3). About 47% of adolescent boys but only 6% of girls were exposed to pornography. The likelihood of exposure to pornography was 1.69 times and 2.27 times more likely among adolescents and girls who had their own personal mobile phones, respectively, compared to those who did not have their own personal mobile phones. The odds of exposure to pornography were significantly higher among adolescent boys who had frequent media exposure than those who had no/rare exposure. Programs on life skills and comprehensive sexuality education need to be prioritize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Srivastava
- Department of Survey Research & Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Shekhar Chauhan
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Ratna Patel
- Department of Public Health and Mortality Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Pradeep Kumar
- Research & Data Analyst, Population Council, New Delhi, India.
| | - Preeti Dhillon
- Department of Mathematical Demography & Statistics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
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13
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Teen Pornography: An Emerging Mental Health Challenge. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSEXUAL HEALTH 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/26318318231154230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to pornography is not an uncommon and unusual phenomenon in the digital era, with teens being no exception. Exposure to pornography among teens may happen accidentally, out of curiosity, or intentionally to derive sexual excitement. Many individuals exposed to pornography may later develop pornography addiction. Most parents who are aware that their children view pornography are often worried about such behavior and sometimes seek help from mental health professionals. So, it can be certainly said that exposure to pornography among teens may cause significant distress in them and their parents. As pornography is a major source of sex education for a large number of teens, lots of myth and misguided information are harbored from watching pornography. This article focuses on the mental health aspects of pornography exposure among teens and the possible remedial measures.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Munawar A, Saeed H, Abdullah S, Munawar T, Luqman S, Saffi J, Ahmad A, Babar MS. Physiological, Psychosocial and Substance Abuse Effects of Pornography Addiction: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e33703. [PMID: 36793815 PMCID: PMC9922938 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Internet pornography provides explicit content in various forms and can progress from habit to addiction. The consumption of online porn has risen due to the general use of current technology. The main reasons people consume it are sexual arousal and sexual enhancement. We planned this review study to identify the reasons for online pornography utilization, the mechanisms involved in its addiction, and its physiological, emotional, behavioral, social, and substance abuse effects. After a detailed literature search using PubMed Central and Google Scholar, four case studies and nine original articles from 2000 to 2022 were included. The main findings of the literature demonstrated that watching porn was most frequently done out of boredom, for sexual gratification, and to pick up new fashion and behavior ideas from these movies. In all facets of the users' lives, negative consequences were seen. Due to the explosion of new technologies, online pornography has risen to an alarming level, which has very injurious effects on societies and individuals. Therefore, it is high time to get rid of this addiction to protect our lives from its harmful effects.
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15
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Hypersexual behaviour among young adults in Germany: characteristics and personality correlates. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:804. [PMID: 36536318 PMCID: PMC9762014 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypersexual behaviour (HB) is characterized by recurring unsuccessful efforts to control intense, repetitive sexual impulses that result in sexual activities and manifest in the behaviour of the concerning individual over an extended period. This study aims to describe the characterization of HB among the target group, identify personality correlates, and associations between HB and a lack of sexual education and reflection during school time. METHODS A cross-sectional design was used to survey the participants (age 18-27; n = 609) online who were recruited via a web forum for addiction selfcare, a website for casual sex dating, Facebook and the mail distribution of the University of Applied Science Nordhausen (Germany). Standardised questionnaires were used to measure the key variables in the study. The sexual behaviour (masturbation, pornography consumption, promiscuity), several personality tendencies, and retrospective information about sexual education of the participants during school time were investigated. Correlation and binomial logistic regression were used to analyse the data with HB as the outcome variable. RESULTS 10.5% (n = 64) of the participants were identified as hypersexual. The assignment to male sex, a problematic pornography consumption, and impulsive tendencies were determined as predictors of HB. Strong correlates were identified between HB and promiscuity, and impairments in important areas of life. Weak to moderate correlates comprise between HB and all investigated personality traits, and several aspects of sexual risk behaviour. No association was found between HB and a lacking sexual education during school time. The descriptive analysis revealed further sexual problems within the sample (e.g. feelings of shame and guilt, sexual risk behaviour, sexual dysfunction). CONCLUSION Young adults should get more attention as a vulnerable group for the development of hypersexuality in sexual education, prevention and therapy. Regarding to its treatment, HB therefore should be considered together with its associations with sociodemographic information, personality traits, and psychosocial factors.
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Efrati Y, Kolubinski DC, Marino C, Spada MM. Early Maladaptive Schemas are Associated with Adolescents’ Substance and Behavioral Addictions. JOURNAL OF RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10942-022-00478-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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17
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Litam SDA, Speciale M, Balkin RS. Sexual Attitudes and Characteristics of OnlyFans Users. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:3093-3103. [PMID: 35900676 PMCID: PMC9330933 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As new forms of sexually explicit material (SEM) platforms emerge, sex research and sexuality-based studies must also evolve. Although the subscription-based platform OnlyFans has become an increasingly popular way for content creators to share and access SEM, the demographic information and sexual attitudes of users across sex have not yet been reported. The present study contributes to the existing body of SEM literature by providing a demographic analysis of OnlyFans users and an assessment of sexual attitudes between users and nonusers across sex. In this study, participants from a US-based sample (n = 718, Mage = 29.46, male [n = 335, 46.7%], female [n = 383, 53.3%]) were solicited using the Mechanical Turk platform. Participants were predominately White (n = 475, 66.2%); additional representation of ethnic/racial groups included Black/African-American (n = 121; 16.9%), American Indian/Alaskan Native (n = 10; 1.4%), Asian-American/Asian (n = 32; 4.4%), Hispanic/Latinx (n = 53; 7.3%), Arab American/Arab (n = 10; 1.4%), and biracial or multiracial (n = 17; 2.4%). Based on our findings, OnlyFans users were predominantly married, white, males who identified as heterosexual or bisexual/pansexual. Our findings also revealed that OnlyFans users and nonusers endorsed similar sexual attitudes related to permissiveness, communion, instrumentality, and birth control across sex. Findings from this study may be helpful for future studies on OnlyFans and other forms of subscription-based platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Diane Arañez Litam
- Counseling, Administration, Supervision, and Adult Learning Department, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Julka Hall 275, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA.
| | - Megan Speciale
- Department of Counseling, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Richard S Balkin
- Department of Leadership & Counselor Education, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
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18
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Alonso Ruido P, Sande Muñiz M, Regueiro B. ¿Pornografía al alcance de un clic? Una revisión de la literatura reciente sobre adolescentes españoles. REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS E INVESTIGACIÓN EN PSICOLOGÍA Y EDUCACIÓN 2022. [DOI: 10.17979/reipe.2022.9.1.8653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TICs) proporcionan un acceso constante e inmediato a una amplia gama de información y recursos. Los/as adolescentes, habitualmente considerados/as nativos/as digitales, utilizan los medios tecnológicos y los espacios virtuales para explorar su dimensión sexuada accediendo a contenidos pornográficos. La revisión bibliográfica que se presenta en este trabajo tiene un doble objetivo: evaluar el consumo de pornografía entre los adolescentes españoles y analizar las variables asociadas desde una perspectiva de género El estudio consiste en una revisión sistemática de trabajos sobre adolescentes españoles publicados entre 2016 y 2020. Los resultados muestran que acceden a contenidos pornográficos por primera vez alrededor de los 12 años, y que el consumo de pornografía se consolida durante la adolescencia, especialmente en el caso de los varones, que son los principales consumidores. También muestran que la pornografía es una fuente de información para muchos adolescentes que no reciben suficiente educación sexual ni en casa ni en la escuela. El consumo de pornografía durante la adolescencia está asociado a una serie de consecuencias, como el sexismo, la violencia y el consumo de sustancias, y puede conducir a una visión distorsionada de la sexualidad. La situación que revelan estos resultados pone de manifiesto la necesidad de apoyar la educación sexual en la familia y en la escuela para dotar a los jóvenes de las herramientas necesarias para disfrutar de su sexualidad de forma plena y responsable.
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19
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Efrati Y, Spada MM. Self-perceived substance and behavioral addictions among Jewish Israeli adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Addict Behav Rep 2022; 15:100431. [PMID: 35647261 PMCID: PMC9133580 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2022.100431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overall rates found in self-perceived substance and behavioral addictions among Israeli adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Differences found in self-perceived substance and behavioral addictions by age, biological sex, religiosity, immigration status, and socioeconomic status.
This study examined self-perceived substance and behavioral addictions among Israeli adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic across different sociodemographic categories. The sample comprised 2,074 adolescents (40% males, 60% females) aged 12–19 years who completed the survey anonymously and with parental consent. We examined what is the prevalence of self-perceived substance and behavioral addictions in this population in the COVID-19 pandemic context. Participants reported self-perceived addictions to social networks (70%), shopping (46%), binge eating (34%), gaming (30%), sex-related behavior (15%), psychoactive substance (31%, including alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, and/or cocaine), and gambling (3%). Moreover, differences were found to be directly related to age, biological sex, religiosity, socioeconomic status, and immigration status. From a lay epidemiological perspective, the current research expands our knowledge about self-perceived addiction among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering better understanding of the likelihood probability factors for self-perceived addiction among adolescents and its related negative outcomes, including increased risk factors for later adult life.
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20
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Jacobs T, Geysemans B, Van Hal G, Glazemakers I, Fog-Poulsen K, Vermandel A, De Wachter S, De Win G. Associations Between Online Pornography Consumption and Sexual Dysfunction in Young Men: Multivariate Analysis Based on an International Web-Based Survey. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e32542. [PMID: 34534092 PMCID: PMC8569536 DOI: 10.2196/32542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expanding access to the internet has resulted in more and earlier consumption of online pornography. At the same time, a higher prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) among young men is seen. Increased pornography consumption has been suggested as a possible explanation for this rise. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to better understand associations between problematic pornography consumption (PPC) and ED. METHODS A 118-item survey was published online, and data collection took place between April 2019 and May 2020. Of the 5770 men who responded, the responses from 3419 men between 18 years old and 35 years old were analyzed. The survey used validated questionnaires such as the Cyber Pornography Addiction Test (CYPAT), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C). The estimated amount of porn watching was calculated. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed. For the multivariable analysis, a logistic regression model using a directed acyclic graph was used. RESULTS According to their IIEF-5 scores, 21.48% (444/2067) of our sexually active participants (ie, those who attempted penetrative sex in the previous 4 weeks) had some degree of ED. Higher CYPAT scores indicating problematic online pornography consumption resulted in a higher probability of ED, while controlling for covariates. Masturbation frequency seemed not to be a significant factor when assessing ED. CONCLUSIONS This prevalence of ED in young men is alarmingly high, and the results of this study suggest a significant association with PPC. TRIAL REGISTRATION Research Registry researchregistry5111; https://tinyurl.com/m45mcaa2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Jacobs
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Björn Geysemans
- Department of Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guido Van Hal
- Department of Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Inge Glazemakers
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Alexandra Vermandel
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Urology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Stefan De Wachter
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Urology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Gunter De Win
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Urology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
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21
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Andrie EK, Sakou II, Tzavela EC, Richardson C, Tsitsika AK. Adolescents' Online Pornography Exposure and Its Relationship to Sociodemographic and Psychopathological Correlates: A Cross-Sectional Study in Six European Countries. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:children8100925. [PMID: 34682190 PMCID: PMC8534324 DOI: 10.3390/children8100925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of online exposure to pornography in European adolescents and its relationship to sociodemographic and psychopathological correlates. A cross-sectional school-based survey of 10,930 adolescents (5211 males/5719 females), aged 14-17 years old (mean age 15.8 ± 0.7) was carried out in six European countries (Greece, Spain, Poland, Romania, the Netherlands, and Iceland). Anonymous self-completed questionnaires covered exposure to pornography, internet use and dysfunctional internet behavior, and psychopathological syndromes (measured by Achenbach's Youth Self-Report). The prevalence of any online exposure to pornography was 59% overall and 24% for exposure at least once a week. The likelihood of online exposure to pornography was greater in male adolescents, heavier internet users, and those who displayed dysfunctional internet behavior. Country-specific analyses confirmed that the gender effect existed in every country, although its strength varied, from an odds ratio of 1.88 in Poland to 14.9 in Greece. Online exposure to pornography was shown to be associated with externalizing problem scale scores, especially rule-breaking and aggressive behavior, but also associated with higher scores in competences, namely activities and social competence. Exposure to pornography is ubiquitous, more relevant to boys, and is associated with both positive qualities/competences and externalizing behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth K. Andrie
- Adolescent Health Unit, Second Department of Pediatrics, P. & A. Kyriakou Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.I.S.); (E.C.T.); (A.K.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-771-0824
| | - Irene Ikbale Sakou
- Adolescent Health Unit, Second Department of Pediatrics, P. & A. Kyriakou Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.I.S.); (E.C.T.); (A.K.T.)
| | - Eleni C. Tzavela
- Adolescent Health Unit, Second Department of Pediatrics, P. & A. Kyriakou Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.I.S.); (E.C.T.); (A.K.T.)
| | - Clive Richardson
- Department of Economic and Regional Development, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, 17671 Athens, Greece;
| | - Artemis K. Tsitsika
- Adolescent Health Unit, Second Department of Pediatrics, P. & A. Kyriakou Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.I.S.); (E.C.T.); (A.K.T.)
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22
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Navarro-Sánchez A, Luri-Prieto P, Compañ-Rosique A, Navarro-Ortiz R, Berenguer-Soler M, Gil-Guillén VF, Cortés-Castell E, Navarro-Cremades F, Gómez-Pérez L, Pérez-Tomás C, Palazón-Bru A, Montejo AL, Pérez-Jover V. Sexuality, Quality of Life, Anxiety, Depression, and Anger in Patients with Anal Fissure. A Case-Control Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194401. [PMID: 34640419 PMCID: PMC8509279 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anal fissures (AFs) are lesions located in the lower anal canal. They can be primary (chronic or acute) or secondary to a basic disease. There is high comorbidity of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic AF, with poorer quality of life (QoL) and sexual function. This is a case–control study carried out in the San Juan Hospital (Alicante, Spain). Sixty-seven participants were included in the study, including 35 cases and 32 controls: 36 males and 31 females. This study aims to investigate the association of presenting AFs with sexuality, quality of life, anxiety, depression, and anger. The instruments used were the Spanish validated versions of the validated original selected questionnaires. These instruments were used to assess health-related quality of life, anxiety, anger, depression, and sexual function. Results show higher values in cases than in controls with statistical significance in anxiety state and trait; anxiety and depression; bodily pain, general health, and vitality; and 10 of the 12 anger factors. Higher values in controls than in cases with statistical significance in sexuality and many of the QoL factors were found. Addressing these issues in AF surgical patients would be beneficial for their clinical assessment and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Navarro-Sánchez
- Faculty of Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.N.-S.); (M.B.-S.); (V.P.-J.)
| | - Paloma Luri-Prieto
- Department of Surgery, San Juan University Hospital, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (P.L.-P.); (A.C.-R.); (L.G.-P.); (C.P.-T.)
| | - Antonio Compañ-Rosique
- Department of Surgery, San Juan University Hospital, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (P.L.-P.); (A.C.-R.); (L.G.-P.); (C.P.-T.)
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (V.F.G.-G.); (E.C.-C.); (F.N.-C.); (A.P.-B.)
| | - Ramón Navarro-Ortiz
- Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology Service, Torrevieja University Hospital, 03186 Torrevieja, Spain;
| | - María Berenguer-Soler
- Faculty of Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.N.-S.); (M.B.-S.); (V.P.-J.)
| | - Vicente F. Gil-Guillén
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (V.F.G.-G.); (E.C.-C.); (F.N.-C.); (A.P.-B.)
| | - Ernesto Cortés-Castell
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (V.F.G.-G.); (E.C.-C.); (F.N.-C.); (A.P.-B.)
| | - Felipe Navarro-Cremades
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (V.F.G.-G.); (E.C.-C.); (F.N.-C.); (A.P.-B.)
| | - Luis Gómez-Pérez
- Department of Surgery, San Juan University Hospital, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (P.L.-P.); (A.C.-R.); (L.G.-P.); (C.P.-T.)
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (V.F.G.-G.); (E.C.-C.); (F.N.-C.); (A.P.-B.)
| | - Carla Pérez-Tomás
- Department of Surgery, San Juan University Hospital, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (P.L.-P.); (A.C.-R.); (L.G.-P.); (C.P.-T.)
| | - Antonio Palazón-Bru
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (V.F.G.-G.); (E.C.-C.); (F.N.-C.); (A.P.-B.)
| | - Angel L. Montejo
- Psychiatry Service, Clinical Hospital of the University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Paseo San Vicente SN, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Nursing School, University of Salamanca, Av. Donantes de Sangre SN, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-63-9754-620
| | - Virtudes Pérez-Jover
- Faculty of Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.N.-S.); (M.B.-S.); (V.P.-J.)
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Sharpe M, Mead D. Problematic Pornography Use: Legal and Health Policy Considerations. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2021; 8:556-567. [PMID: 34518793 PMCID: PMC8426110 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-021-00390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Reports of sexual violence, especially towards women and children, are rapidly increasing. At the same time, rates of problematic pornography use (PPU) are accelerating across the world too. The purpose of this review is to consider the recent research on PPU and its contribution to sexual violence. The article offers guidance to governments on possible health policy interventions and legal actions to prevent the development of PPU and to reduce the incidence of sexual violence in society. Recent Findings Working from the consumer’s point of view, we identify PPU and ask how much pornography is needed to cause PPU. We examine how PPU drives sexual offending in children, adolescents and adults. The impact of PPU on some consumers’ behaviour suggests significant links to domestic violence. Sexual strangulation is highlighted as an example. Artificial intelligence algorithms play a key role in the pornography industry and appear to be driving escalation to more violent material, inducing high levels of sexual dysfunction in consumers and creating appetites for viewing child sexual abuse material (CSAM). Summary Easy access to internet pornography has led to an increase in PPU and sexual violence. Diagnoses and treatments for PPU are examined, as are legal transgressions of a civil and criminal nature arising from PPU. Legal remedies and government policy implications are discussed from the point of view of the precautionary principle. Strategies covered include age verification for pornography, public health campaigns and embedded health and legal warnings for users at the start of pornography sessions along with lessons for pupils about pornography’s impact on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Sharpe
- The Reward Foundation, The Melting Pot, 15 Calton Road, Edinburgh, EH8 8DL UK.,Lucy Cavendish College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0BU UK
| | - Darryl Mead
- The Reward Foundation, The Melting Pot, 15 Calton Road, Edinburgh, EH8 8DL UK
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24
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Nurgitz R, Pacheco RA, Senn CY, Hobden KL. The impact of sexual education and socialization on sexual satisfaction, attitudes, and self-efficacy. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN SEXUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3138/cjhs.2021-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the relation between school-based sexual education and parental messages about sex received in adolescence, and sexual attitudes and experiences in young adulthood. Participants—99 Canadian undergraduate students aged 17–25 years—reported that their sexual education largely focused on traditional topics (e.g., negative health outcomes, physiology, etc.), while social and emotional topics were less likely to be formally covered. Parental sexual socialization that was more comfortable and accepting of teen sexuality was related to more permissive sexual attitudes in young adults, but was unrelated to self-efficacy or sexual satisfaction. When all variables were examined using hierarchical regression, sexual education and parental socialization did not predict sexual satisfaction. However, mediation analysis revealed an indirect effect of sexual self-efficacy on the relation between sexual education and sexual satisfaction. More comprehensive and higher-quality sexual education increased sexual self-efficacy, which was then related to higher sexual satisfaction beyond the role of gender and relationship status. This provides insight into the mechanism by which sexual education in Canada may impact sexual satisfaction. The influence of parental socialization and school-based sexual education are apparent and complementary. Both sources of information and values (parents/school) offered benefits for young adults’ positive sexual attitudes, but school-based education appears to be key. How sexual education is delivered (e.g., if teachers are knowledgeable and comfortable discussing topics) may be even more important than the content itself. These findings suggest that prioritizing teacher training to improve their comfort with delivery of sexual education programming would improve adolescents and young adults’ sexual lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Nurgitz
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebecca A. Pacheco
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charlene Y. Senn
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen L. Hobden
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
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Tirado-González S, Navarro-Sánchez A, Compañ-Rosique A, Luri-Prieto P, Rodríguez-Marín J, Van-der Hofstadt-Román CJ, Berenguer Soler M, Navarro-Cremades F, Gil-Guillén VF, Navarro Ortiz R, Montejo AL, Pérez-Jover V. Validation of the Center of Applied Psychology Female Sexuality Questionnaire (CAPFS-Q). J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10122686. [PMID: 34207115 PMCID: PMC8235656 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10122686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Instruments for the measurement of human sexuality include self-report measures used to assess sexual functioning, but many of them have not yet been validated. The Center of Applied Psychology Female Sexual Questionnaire (CAPFS-Q) is an original self-report instrument. It has been developed for the study of sexuality in specific non-clinical populations, such as female university students of Medicine and other Health Sciences. The CAPFS-Q includes 26 items, organized as follows: sociodemographic and relevant data (four items); aspects of sexual relations with partner (five items); sexual practices (12 from 13 items); and dysfunctional aspects of sexual relations (four items). CAPFS-Q validity and reliability were examined in a sample of Spanish female university students of Health Sciences. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (FA) showed a four-factor structure which explained 71.6% of the variance. This initial version of the CAPFS-Q is a reliable measure of women's sexual behavior, with a dimensionality that replicates the initial theoretical content and with adequate indicators of internal consistency, validity, and test-retest reliability. It is easy to administer and to complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Tirado-González
- Faculty of Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain; (S.T.-G.); (A.N.-S.); (C.J.V.-d.H.-R.); (M.B.S.); (V.P.-J.)
| | - Antonio Navarro-Sánchez
- Faculty of Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain; (S.T.-G.); (A.N.-S.); (C.J.V.-d.H.-R.); (M.B.S.); (V.P.-J.)
| | - Antonio Compañ-Rosique
- San Juan University Hospital, Miguel Hernández University, Ctra N-332, s/n, 03550 Sant Joan d’Alacant, Spain; (A.C.-R.); (P.L.-P.)
- School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (J.R.-M.); (F.N.-C.); (V.F.G.-G.)
| | - Paloma Luri-Prieto
- San Juan University Hospital, Miguel Hernández University, Ctra N-332, s/n, 03550 Sant Joan d’Alacant, Spain; (A.C.-R.); (P.L.-P.)
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Marín
- School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (J.R.-M.); (F.N.-C.); (V.F.G.-G.)
| | - Carlos J. Van-der Hofstadt-Román
- Faculty of Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain; (S.T.-G.); (A.N.-S.); (C.J.V.-d.H.-R.); (M.B.S.); (V.P.-J.)
| | - María Berenguer Soler
- Faculty of Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain; (S.T.-G.); (A.N.-S.); (C.J.V.-d.H.-R.); (M.B.S.); (V.P.-J.)
| | - Felipe Navarro-Cremades
- School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (J.R.-M.); (F.N.-C.); (V.F.G.-G.)
| | - Vicente F. Gil-Guillén
- School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan, Spain; (J.R.-M.); (F.N.-C.); (V.F.G.-G.)
| | - Ramón Navarro Ortiz
- Torrevieja University Hospital, Carretera CV 95, s/n, 03186 Torrevieja, Spain;
| | - Angel L. Montejo
- Psychiatry Service, Clinical Hospital of the University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Paseo San Vicente SN, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Nursing School, University of Salamanca, Av. Donantes de Sangre SN, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-63-9754-620
| | - Virtudes Pérez-Jover
- Faculty of Psychology, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain; (S.T.-G.); (A.N.-S.); (C.J.V.-d.H.-R.); (M.B.S.); (V.P.-J.)
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