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Villena-Moya A, Granero R, Chiclana-Actis C, Potenza MN, Blycker GR, Demetrovics Z, Bőthe B, Steward T, Fernández-Aranda F, Jiménez-Murcia S, Mestre-Bach G. Spanish Validation of the Long and Short Versions of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS and PPCS-6) in Adolescents. Arch Sex Behav 2024; 53:673-687. [PMID: 37845419 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Although 1-14% of adolescents may experience problematic pornography use (PPU), psychometrically sound instruments for assessing PPU in Spanish-speaking adolescents are scarce. Given the advantages of the different forms of the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale (PPCS), the aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the PPCS and PPCS-6, and to examine associations between PPU and age among boys and girls. Two school-based adolescent samples were recruited in Spain (n = 650; Mage = 16.0 [SD = 1.1]; 50% girls and 50% boys) and Mexico (n1, 160; Mage = 15.8 [SD = 1.1]; 68% girls) to assess the psychometric properties of the PPCS and PPCS-6. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied and convergent and discriminant validity with other measures related to PPU was also tested. The results provided empirical support for the six-factor structure of the PPCS and the one-factor structure of the PPCS-6. Boys with older age showed higher levels of tolerance than girls on the PPCS in both countries. Both the PPCS and the PPCS-6 may be considered valid psychometric instruments for the assessment of PPU in Spanish-speaking adolescents from Spain and Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Villena-Moya
- Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, La Rioja, 26006, Spain
- Unidad de Sexología Clínica y Salud Sexual de la Consulta Dr. Carlos Chiclana, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Chiclana-Actis
- Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, La Rioja, 26006, Spain
- Unidad de Sexología Clínica y Salud Sexual de la Consulta Dr. Carlos Chiclana, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gretchen R Blycker
- College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Bőthe
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec á Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Trevor Steward
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, La Rioja, 26006, Spain.
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2
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Baenas I, Camacho-Barcia L, Miranda-Olivos R, Solé-Morata N, Misiolek A, Jiménez-Murcia S, Fernández-Aranda F. Probiotic and prebiotic interventions in eating disorders: A narrative review. Eur Eat Disord Rev 2024. [PMID: 38297469 DOI: 10.1002/erv.3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The review aimed to summarise and discuss findings focused on therapeutic probiotic and prebiotic interventions in eating disorders (ED). METHODS Using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science all published studies were retrieved until February 2023, following PRISMA guidelines. From the 111 initial studies, 5 met the inclusion criteria for this review. RESULTS All studies included in this narrative review were focused on anorexia nervosa (AN). Three longitudinal, randomised, controlled trials aimed to evaluate interventions with probiotics (Lactobacillus reuteri, yoghurt with Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus) in children and adolescents. These studies primarily emphasised medical outcomes and anthropometric measures following the administration of probiotics. However, the findings yielded mixed results in terms of short-term weight gain or alterations in specific immunological parameters. With a lower level of evidence, supplementation with synbiotics (probiotic + prebiotic) has been associated with improvements in microbiota diversity and attenuation of inflammatory responses. CONCLUSIONS Research on probiotics and prebiotics in ED is limited, primarily focussing on anorexia nervosa (AN). Their use in AN regarding medical and anthropometric outcomes needs further confirmation and future research should be warranted to assess their impact on psychological and ED symptomatology, where there is a notable gap in the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Baenas
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Doctoral Program in Medicine and Translational Research, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Camacho-Barcia
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Romina Miranda-Olivos
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Doctoral Program in Medicine and Translational Research, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Solé-Morata
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandra Misiolek
- Proyecto Autoestima Relaciones y Trastornos Alimenticios (ART), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychology Services, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviours, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Mestre-Bach G, Potenza MN, Granero R, Uríszar JC, Tarragón E, Chiclana Actis C, Testa G, Fernández-Aranda F, Jiménez-Murcia S. Understanding the Co-occurrence of Gambling Disorder and Problematic Pornography Use: Exploring Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors. J Gambl Stud 2023:10.1007/s10899-023-10274-3. [PMID: 38151657 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-023-10274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The co-occurrence between gambling disorder (GD) and problematic pornography use (PPU) has not yet been explored. Therefore, the present study compared (a) sociodemographic variables, (b) GD-related factors, (c) substance use, (d) psychopathology, (e) personality features, (f) impulsivity, and (g) emotion regulation between individuals with GD (GD group) and those with co-occurring GD and PPU (GD+PPU group). The sample consisted of 359 treatment-seeking individuals with GD: n = 332 individuals had GD only (GD group) and n = 37 individuals had GD and co-occurring PPU (GD+PPU group). GD severity, impulsivity, psychopathology, personality, emotion regulation, and other sociodemographic and clinical variables were assessed. No between-group differences in sociodemographic measures were observed. The GD+PPU group demonstrated greater GD severity and a higher likelihood of substance use compared to those without PPU. Furthermore, the presence of PPU was associated with worse psychopathology, higher impulsivity (except for lack of premeditation and positive urgency), more difficulties in emotion regulation (except for non-acceptance of emotions and limited access to emotions), and a personality profile characterized by lower levels of self-directedness and cooperativeness. The co-occurrence of GD and PPU seems associated with a more dysfunctional clinical profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Instituto de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Avenida de la Paz, 137, 26006, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Roser Granero
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Uríszar
- Clinical Psychology Unit, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Sub-Directorate General for the Regulation of Gambling, Directorate General for Taxation and Gambling, Secretariat of Finance, Ministry of the Economy and Finance, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Chiclana Actis
- Instituto de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Avenida de la Paz, 137, 26006, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
- Unidad de Sexología Clínica y Salud Sexual, Consulta Dr. Carlos Chiclana, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Testa
- Instituto de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Avenida de la Paz, 137, 26006, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL and CIBERObn, c/Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Gavriel-Fried B, Vana N, Mestre-Bach G, Granero R, Fernández-Aranda F, Jiménez-Murcia S. Differences in gambling disorder recovery capital toolkits in mothers versus childless women. Am J Orthopsychiatry 2023; 94:113-126. [PMID: 37917501 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on mothers and childless women in recovery from a gambling disorder (GD) in the context of risk society. Mothers with GD suffer from dual social stigma as gamblers and as women who put their children at risk. Mothers in "risk society" tend to recognize that their choices can affect their children's future. The recovery capital (RC) toolkit comprises internal and external resources and barriers enacted in recovery. This longitudinal study: (a) compared the RC toolkits of mothers versus childless women and their effects on these women's dropout and relapse rates; (b) explored the resources and barriers that predict dropout and relapse in each group. Analysis of the clinical data of 211 women with GD (N = 146 mothers) who received cognitive behavioral therapy for 16 weeks in Spain indicated that mothers reported lower levels of education and were from more disadvantaged socioeconomic groups, were older, and developed gambling-related problems in older age. Mothers had significantly lower relapse rates but not lower dropout rates. There were more personal predictors of dropout among childless women, whereas low levels of family support and the absence of gambling debts predicted dropout in the mothers' group. These findings were interpreted by combining the concepts of risk society and recovery capital in action, highlight the differences between resources and barriers in the RC toolkits used by mothers versus childless women and their interplay with the sociocultural contexts of risk society and childfree lifestyles. Therapists and policymakers should consider these differences during recovery. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noa Vana
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University
| | - Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Centro de Investigacion, Transferencia e Innovacion (CITEI), Universidad Internacional de la Rioja
| | - Roser Granero
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona
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Mestre-Bach G, Granero R, Fernández-Aranda F, Potenza MN, Jiménez-Murcia S. Roles for Alexithymia, Emotion Dysregulation and Personality Features in Gambling Disorder: A Network Analysis. J Gambl Stud 2023; 39:1207-1223. [PMID: 36434175 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-022-10164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although there is a growing interest in exploring the specific role of both emotional regulation processes and alexithymia in gambling disorder (GD), evidence remains scarce. In order to delve deeper into the complex interactions between these factors, the present study aimed at exploring a network of the core GD-related features, including GD symptomatology and severity, emotion dysregulation, alexithymia, and personality features. The sample included N = 739 treatment-seeking patients with GD (691 men and 48 women), aged 18-78 years (mean age = 39.2, SD = 13.2). The DSM-5 diagnostic criteria were assessed in, and the South Oaks Gambling Screen, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised were administered to, participants. A network analysis was conducted to reveal inter-relationships between these elements. Three nodes related to emotion dysregulation showed the most critical position in the whole network of the present study: "lack of emotional awareness", "non-acceptance of emotional responses", and "difficulties engaging in goal-directed behaviors". When analyzing emotional dysregulation using the different DERS subscales, two independent clusters were identified. One cluster encompassed alexithymia dimensions ("lack of awareness" and "lack of clarity"), while the other cluster included all other emotion-dysregulation dimensions. Identification of the emotion-dysregulation- and GD-related features with the highest centrality/linkage may be particularly useful for developing valid measurement tools and precise management plans for individuals with GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, La Rioja, Spain
- Institute for Culture and Society (ICS), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de Les Ciències de La Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA.
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
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6
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Miranda-Olivos R, Agüera Z, Granero R, Jiménez-Murcia S, Puig-Llobet M, Lluch-Canut MT, Gearhardt AN, Fernández-Aranda F. The Role of Food Addiction and Lifetime Substance Use on Eating Disorder Treatment Outcomes. Nutrients 2023; 15:2919. [PMID: 37447246 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Food addiction (FA) and substance use (SU) in eating disorders (ED) have been associated with a more dysfunctional clinical and psychopathological profile. However, their impact on treatment outcomes has been poorly explored. Therefore, this transdiagnostic study is aimed at examining whether the presence of FA and/or SU is associated with treatment outcomes in patients with different ED types. The results were not able to reveal significant differences in treatment outcomes between patients with and without FA and/or SU; however, the effect sizes suggest higher dropout rates in the group with both FA and SU. The predictive models of treatment outcomes showed different features associated with each group. High persistence (i.e., tendency to perseverance and inflexibility) was the personality trait most associated with poor treatment outcomes in patients without addictions. High harm avoidance and younger age at ED onset were the variables most related to poor outcomes in patients with FA or SU. Finally, in the group with both addictive behaviors (FA and SU), the younger patients presented the poorest outcomes. In conclusion, our results suggest that, regardless of presenting addictive behaviors, patients with ED may similarly benefit from treatment. However, it may be important to consider the differential predictors of each group that might guide certain treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Miranda-Olivos
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Psychology Unit, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zaida Agüera
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament d'Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Materno-Infantil, Escola d'Infermeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group in Mental Health, Psychosocial and Complex Nursing Care (NURSEARCH), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Psychology Unit, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Puig-Llobet
- Departament d'Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Materno-Infantil, Escola d'Infermeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group in Mental Health, Psychosocial and Complex Nursing Care (NURSEARCH), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Lluch-Canut
- Departament d'Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Materno-Infantil, Escola d'Infermeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group in Mental Health, Psychosocial and Complex Nursing Care (NURSEARCH), Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ashley N Gearhardt
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Psychology Unit, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Romero-Miguel D, Casquero-Veiga M, Fernández J, Lamanna-Rama N, Gómez-Rangel V, Gálvez-Robleño C, Santa-Marta C, Villar CJ, Lombó F, Abalo R, Desco M, Soto-Montenegro ML. Maternal Supplementation with N-Acetylcysteine Modulates the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Offspring of the Poly I:C Rat Model of Schizophrenia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040970. [PMID: 37107344 PMCID: PMC10136134 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis is a complex interconnected system altered in schizophrenia. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been proposed as an adjunctive therapy to antipsychotics in clinical trials, but its role in the microbiota-gut-brain axis has not been sufficiently explored. We aimed to describe the effect of NAC administration during pregnancy on the gut-brain axis in the offspring from the maternal immune stimulation (MIS) animal model of schizophrenia. Pregnant Wistar rats were treated with PolyI:C/Saline. Six groups of animals were studied according to the study factors: phenotype (Saline, MIS) and treatment (no NAC, NAC 7 days, NAC 21 days). Offspring were subjected to the novel object recognition test and were scanned using MRI. Caecum contents were used for metagenomics 16S rRNA sequencing. NAC treatment prevented hippocampal volume reduction and long-term memory deficits in MIS-offspring. In addition, MIS-animals showed lower bacterial richness, which was prevented by NAC. Moreover, NAC7/NAC21 treatments resulted in a reduction of proinflammatory taxons in MIS-animals and an increase in taxa known to produce anti-inflammatory metabolites. Early approaches, like this one, with anti-inflammatory/anti-oxidative compounds, especially in neurodevelopmental disorders with an inflammatory/oxidative basis, may be useful in modulating bacterial microbiota, hippocampal size, as well as hippocampal-based memory impairments.
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Grants
- project number PI17/01766, and grant number BA21/00030 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), "A way to make Europe"
- project PID2021-128862OB-I00 MCIN /AEI /10.13039/501100011033 / FEDER, UE
- project number CB07/09/0031 CIBER de Salud Mental - Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- project numbers 2017/085, 2022/008917 Delegación del Gobierno para el Plan Nacional sobre Drogas
- 2016/01 Fundación Alicia Koplowitz
- grant, PEJD-2018-PRE/BMD-7899 Consejería de Educación e investigación, Comunidad de Madrid, co-funded by the European Social Fund "Investing in your future"
- "Programa Intramural de Impulso a la I+D+I 2019" Instituto de investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón
- PT20/00044 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- x The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505)
- Contrato Intramural Postdoctoral FINBA
- SV-PA-21-AYUD/2021/51347 Ayudas para grupos de investigación de organismos del Principado de Asturias
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Javier Fernández
- Grupo de Investigación "Biotechnology in Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds-BIONUC", Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Nicolás Lamanna-Rama
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Gálvez-Robleño
- Grupo de Investigación de Alto Rendimiento en Fisiopatología y Farmacología del Sistema Digestivo (NeuGut-URJC), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Cristina Santa-Marta
- Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudio J Villar
- Grupo de Investigación "Biotechnology in Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds-BIONUC", Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Felipe Lombó
- Grupo de Investigación "Biotechnology in Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds-BIONUC", Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Grupo de Investigación de Alto Rendimiento en Fisiopatología y Farmacología del Sistema Digestivo (NeuGut-URJC), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia, Sociedad Española del Dolor (SED), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Trabajo de Cannabinoides, Sociedad Española del Dolor (SED), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Medica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Desco
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Soto-Montenegro
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación de Alto Rendimiento en Fisiopatología y Farmacología del Sistema Digestivo (NeuGut-URJC), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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8
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Etxandi M, Baenas I, Mora-Maltas B, Granero R, Fernández-Aranda F, Tovar S, Solé-Morata N, Lucas I, Casado S, Gómez-Peña M, Moragas L, del Pino-Gutiérrez A, Codina E, Valenciano-Mendoza E, Potenza MN, Diéguez C, Jiménez-Murcia S. Are Signals Regulating Energy Homeostasis Related to Neuropsychological and Clinical Features of Gambling Disorder? A Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235084. [PMID: 36501114 PMCID: PMC9736671 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gambling disorder (GD) is a modestly prevalent and severe condition for which neurobiology is not yet fully understood. Although alterations in signals involved in energy homeostasis have been studied in substance use disorders, they have yet to be examined in detail in GD. The aims of the present study were to compare different endocrine and neuropsychological factors between individuals with GD and healthy controls (HC) and to explore endocrine interactions with neuropsychological and clinical variables. A case−control design was performed in 297 individuals with GD and 41 individuals without (healthy controls; HCs), assessed through a semi-structured clinical interview and a psychometric battery. For the evaluation of endocrine and anthropometric variables, 38 HCs were added to the 41 HCs initially evaluated. Individuals with GD presented higher fasting plasma ghrelin (p < 0.001) and lower LEAP2 and adiponectin concentrations (p < 0.001) than HCs, after adjusting for body mass index (BMI). The GD group reported higher cognitive impairment regarding cognitive flexibility and decision-making strategies, a worse psychological state, higher impulsivity levels, and a more dysfunctional personality profile. Despite failing to find significant associations between endocrine factors and either neuropsychological or clinical aspects in the GD group, some impaired cognitive dimensions (i.e., WAIS Vocabulary test and WCST Perseverative errors) and lower LEAP2 concentrations statistically predicted GD presence. The findings from the present study suggest that distinctive neuropsychological and endocrine dysfunctions may operate in individuals with GD and predict GD presence. Further exploration of endophenotypic vulnerability pathways in GD appear warranted, especially with respect to etiological and therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Etxandi
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, IGTP Campus Can Ruti, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Isabel Baenas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernat Mora-Maltas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sulay Tovar
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Neus Solé-Morata
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Lucas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabela Casado
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mónica Gómez-Peña
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Moragas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amparo del Pino-Gutiérrez
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Perinatal Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Codina
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Valenciano-Mendoza
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT 06106, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Carlos Diéguez
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Guerras JM, García de Olalla P, Belza MJ, de la Fuente L, Palma D, Del Romero J, García-Pérez JN, Hoyos J. Sexualized drug injection among men who have sex with men in Madrid and Barcelona as the first episode of drug injecting. Harm Reduct J 2021; 18:86. [PMID: 34362402 PMCID: PMC8344139 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-021-00531-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We estimate the prevalence of drug injection, the variables associated with having ever injected and the proportion of ever injectors whose first drug injection was for having sex; we describe the first drug injection episode, analyze the drugs most frequently injected and estimate the prevalence of risky injecting behaviors. METHODS The participants were 3387 MSM without a previous HIV diagnosis attending four HIV/STI diagnosis services in Madrid and Barcelona. Lifetime prevalence and prevalence ratios (PRs) by different factors were calculated using Poisson regression models with robust variance. We compared the characteristics of first drug injection episode, lifetime injection and risky injecting behaviors of those whose first injection was for sex (FIS) with those whose was not (non-FIS). RESULTS Lifetime prevalence of injection was 2.1% (CI 1.7-2.7). In the multivariate analysis, it was strongly associated with having been penetrated by more than five men in the last 12 months (aPR = 10.4; CI 2.5-43.4) and having met most of their partners at private parties (aPR = 7.5; CI 4.5-12.3), and less strongly with other factors. Of those who had ever injected drugs, 81.9% injected for sex the first time they injected drugs (FIS). At first injection, FIS participants had a mean age of 31 years, 62.7% used mephedrone and 32.2% methamphetamine on that occasion. Of this FIS group 39.0% had ever shared drugs or equipment and 82.6% had always shared for sex. Some 30.8% of non-FIS reported having also injected drugs for sex later on. CONCLUSIONS Only two out of a hundred had ever injected, most to have sex and with frequent drug or injecting equipment sharing. Injecting for sex is the most common first episode of drug injection and is the most efficient risky behavior for the transmission of HIV, hepatitis B or C and other blood-borne infections. MSM participating in private parties should be considered a priority group for prevention policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Miguel Guerras
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia García de Olalla
- CIBER Epidemiologia Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Epidemiología, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María José Belza
- CIBER Epidemiologia Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
- Escuela Nacional de Sanidad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Luis de la Fuente
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Palma
- CIBER Epidemiologia Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Epidemiología, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Del Romero
- Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Hoyos
- Departamento de Salud Pública Y Materno-Infantil, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Jiménez-Murcia S, Giménez M, Granero R, López-González H, Gómez-Peña M, Moragas L, Baenas I, Del Pino-Gutiérrez A, Codina E, Mena-Moreno T, Valenciano-Mendoza E, Mora-Maltas B, Valero-Solís S, Rivas-Pérez S, Guillén-Guzmán E, Menchón JM, Fernández-Aranda F. Psychopathogical status and personality correlates of problem gambling severity in sports bettors undergoing treatment for gambling disorder. J Behav Addict 2021; 10:422-434. [PMID: 33683220 PMCID: PMC8997230 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2020.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Sports betting has been barely explored independently from other gambling behaviors. Little evidence is available regarding the factors affecting its severity in a clinical sample. The current study explores new determinants for sports betting severity in Spain by the inclusion of psychopathological distress and personality factors. METHODS A sample of 352 Spanish sports bettors undergoing treatment for gambling disorder was recruited. Multiple regression models were used to evaluate the effects of sociodemographic variables, the age of onset of gambling behavior, the global psychopathological distress (SCL-90R GSI) and the personality profile (TCI-R) on sports betting severity and their influence over frequency (bets per episode) and debts due to gambling. RESULTS We found that older age, higher psychopathological distress, lower self-directedness level, and higher novelty seeking level were predictors of gambling severity in Spanish sports bettors. The highest betting frequency was found in men, with the lowest education levels but the highest social status, the highest psychopathological distress, reward dependence score, and self-transcendence trait and the lowest persistence score. Debts were also associated to higher score in cooperativeness as well as older age. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Our findings call for further exploration of factors affecting sports betting severity regarded as a separate gambling entity subtype, as some of the traditional factors typically found in gamblers do not apply to sports bettors or apply inversely in our country. Consequently, sports bettors might deserve specific clinical approaches to tackle the singularities of their gambling behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Giménez
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hibai López-González
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Gómez-Peña
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Moragas
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Baenas
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amparo Del Pino-Gutiérrez
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Perinatal Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Codina
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Mena-Moreno
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Valenciano-Mendoza
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSam), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernat Mora-Maltas
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Valero-Solís
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Rivas-Pérez
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elías Guillén-Guzmán
- Departament of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M. Menchón
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSam), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Navarro-Mateu F, Quesada MP, Escámez T, Alcaráz MJ, Seiquer de la Peña C, Salmerón D, Huerta JM, Vilagut G, Chirlaque MD, Navarro C, Husky M, Kessler RC, Alonso J, Martínez S. Childhood adversities and 5-HTTLPR polymorphism as risk factors of substance use disorders: retrospective case-control study in Murcia (Spain). BMJ Open 2019; 9:e030328. [PMID: 31488488 PMCID: PMC6731914 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the separate and joint associations of childhood adversities and 5-HTTLPR polymorphism as risk factors for substance use disorders among adults. : Design : Retrospective case-control study. SETTING Cases from the substance unit and controls from a representative sample of the adult general population in the metropolitan area of Murcia (Spain). PARTICIPANTS Cases were defined as outpatients 18 years old or older currently in the treatment for alcohol, opioids or cocaine use disorders in the clinical unit. Controls were randomly selected among individuals without substance use disorders who participated in the Psychiatric Enquiry to General Population in Southeast Spain-Murcia (PEGASUS-Murcia) project, a cross-sectional study of a representative sample of the adult general population. In all, 142 cases and 531 controls were interviewed and a subsample of 114 cases (80.3%) and 329 controls (62%) provided a biological sample. EXPOSURE A history of 12 childhood adversities, lifetime mental disorders and sociodemographic variables was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)version 3.0). Buccal swabs were obtained to genotype the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism with the biallelic and the triallelic classification. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURE Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to estimate adjusted ORs and 95% CI. RESULTS Childhood adversities were associated with an elevated risk of substance use disorders (OR=5.77, 95% CI 3.46 to 9.61). Homozygotes for the short allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism also showed the elevated risk of substance use disorders for the biallelic and triallelic classification: (1.97 (1.10 to 3.55) and 2.01 (1.11 to 3.64), respectively). No evidence for gene × environment interactions was found. CONCLUSIONS Childhood adversities and the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism are involved in the aetiology of substance use disorders though findings exploring the existence of a gene-environment interaction were inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Navarro-Mateu
- Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Formación en Salud Mental, Servicio Murciano de Salud, Murcia, Spain
- Departamento de Psicología Básica y Metodología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain
| | - Mari Paz Quesada
- Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Teresa Escámez
- Biobanco-HUVA-AECC-FFIS, IMIB BIOBANCA-MUR, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mª José Alcaráz
- Fundación para la Formación e Investigación Sanitarias de la Región de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Diego Salmerón
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Health Council, Murcia, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilagut
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain
- Programa de Investigación en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Médiques), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Health Council, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Navarro
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Health Council, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mathilde Husky
- Laboratoire de Psychologie, Universite de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ronald C Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jordi Alonso
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain
- Programa de Investigación en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Médiques), Barcelona, Spain
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