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Trakarnvanich T, Ngamvichchukorn T, Phumisantiphong U, Pholtawornkulchai K, Phochanasomboon K, Manomaipiboon A. Immune response after COVID-19 vaccination among patients with chronic kidney disease and kidney transplant. Vaccine 2022; 40:6499-6511. [PMID: 36202639 PMCID: PMC9515331 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney transplants (KTs) may achieve a less robust immune response. Understanding such immune responses is crucial for guiding current and future vaccine dosing strategies. METHODS This prospective, observational study estimated the immunogenicity of humoral and cellular responses of two SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in different patient groups with CKD compared with controls. Secondary outcomes included adverse events after vaccination and the incidence of COVID-19 breakthrough infection, including illness severity. RESULTS In total, 212 patients received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (89.62 %) or inactivated vaccines (10.38 %).The antibody response against the S protein was analyzed at T0 (before the first injection), T1 (before the second injection), and T2 (12 weeks after the second injection). Seroconversion occurred in 92.31 % of controls at T2 and in 100 % of patients with CKD, 42.86 % undergoing KT, 80.18 % of hemodialysis (HD), and 0 % of patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) at T2 of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. Neutralizing antibody levels by surrogate virus neutralization test were above the protective level at T2 in each group. The KT group exhibited the lowest neutralizing antibody and T cell response. Blood groups O and vaccine type were associated with good immunological responses. After the first dose, 14 individuals (6.6 out of the total population experienced COVID-19 breakthrough infection. CONCLUSION Immunity among patients with CKD and HD after vaccination was strong and comparable with that of healthy controls. Our study suggested that a single dose of the vaccine is not efficacious and delays may result in breakthrough infection. Some blood groups and types of vaccine can affect the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanun Ngamvichchukorn
- Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Anan Manomaipiboon
- Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Pereira E, Felipe S, de Freitas R, Araújo V, Soares P, Ribeiro J, Henrique Dos Santos L, Alves JO, Canabrava N, van Tilburg M, Guedes MI, Ceccatto V. ABO blood group and link to COVID-19: A comprehensive review of the reported associations and their possible underlying mechanisms. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105658. [PMID: 35764188 PMCID: PMC9233352 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABO blood group is long known to be an influencing factor for the susceptibility to infectious diseases, and many studies have been describing associations between ABO blood types and COVID-19 infection and severity, with conflicting findings. This narrative review aims to summarize the literature regarding associations between the ABO blood group and COVID-19. Blood type O is mostly associated with lower rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection, while blood type A is frequently described as a risk factor. Although results regarding the risk of severe outcomes are more variable, blood type A is the most associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality, while many studies describe O blood type as a protective factor for the disease progression. Furthermore, genetic associations with both the risk of infection and disease severity have been reported for the ABO locus. Some underlying mechanisms have been hypothesized to explain the reported associations, with incipient experimental data. Three major hypotheses emerge: SARS-CoV-2 could carry ABO(H)-like structures in its envelope glycoproteins and would be asymmetrically transmitted due to a protective effect of the ABO antibodies, ABH antigens could facilitate SARS-CoV-2 interaction with the host' cells, and the association of non-O blood types with higher risks of thromboembolic events could confer COVID-19 patients with blood type O a lower risk of severe outcomes. The hypothesized mechanisms would affect distinct aspects of the COVID-19 natural history, with distinct potential implications to the disease transmission and its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Pereira
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Av., Fortaleza, 60714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Stela Felipe
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Av., Fortaleza, 60714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Raquel de Freitas
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Av., Fortaleza, 60714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Valdevane Araújo
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Av., Fortaleza, 60714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Paula Soares
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Av., Fortaleza, 60714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jannison Ribeiro
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center of Ceará, José Bastos Av., Fortaleza, 60431-086, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Dos Santos
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Av., Fortaleza, 60714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Juliana Osório Alves
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Av., Fortaleza, 60714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Natália Canabrava
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Av., Fortaleza, 60714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Mauricio van Tilburg
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Av., Fortaleza, 60714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Maria Izabel Guedes
- Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Av., Fortaleza, 60714-903, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Vânia Ceccatto
- Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Dr. Silas Munguba Av., Fortaleza, 60714-903, Ceará, Brazil.
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Bouillon K, Baricault B, Semenzato L, Botton J, Bertrand M, Drouin J, Dray‐Spira R, Weill A, Zureik M. Association of Statins for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases With Hospitalization for COVID-19: A Nationwide Matched Population-Based Cohort Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e023357. [PMID: 35699173 PMCID: PMC9238639 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.023357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background There is little evidence on the relationship between statin use and the risk of hospitalization attributable to COVID-19. Methods and Results The French National Healthcare Data System database was used to conduct a matched-cohort study. For each adult aged ≥40 years receiving statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, one nonuser was randomly selected and matched for year of birth, sex, residence area, and comorbidities. The association between statin use and hospitalization for COVID-19 was examined using conditional Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for baseline characteristics, comorbidities, and long-term medications. Its association with in-hospital death from COVID-19 was also explored. All participants were followed up from February 15, 2020, to June 15, 2020. The matching procedure generated 2 058 249 adults in the statin group and 2 058 249 in the control group, composed of 46.6% of men with a mean age of 68.7 years. Statin users had a 16% lower risk of hospitalization for COVID-19 than nonusers (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.84; 95% CI, 0.81-0.88). All types of statins were significantly associated with a lower risk of hospitalization, with the adjusted HR ranging from 0.75 for fluvastatin to 0.89 for atorvastatin. Low- and moderate-intensity statins also showed a lower risk compared with nonusers (HR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.71-0.86] and HR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.80-0.89], respectively), whereas high-intensity statins did not (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.86-1.18). We found similar results with in-hospital death from COVID-19. Conclusions Our findings support that the use of statins for primary prevention is associated with lower risks of hospitalization for COVID-19 and of in-hospital death from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Bouillon
- EPI‐PHARE Scientific Interest Group in Epidemiology of Health ProductsSaint‐DenisFrance
| | - Bérangère Baricault
- EPI‐PHARE Scientific Interest Group in Epidemiology of Health ProductsSaint‐DenisFrance
| | - Laura Semenzato
- EPI‐PHARE Scientific Interest Group in Epidemiology of Health ProductsSaint‐DenisFrance
| | - Jérémie Botton
- EPI‐PHARE Scientific Interest Group in Epidemiology of Health ProductsSaint‐DenisFrance
- Faculty of PharmacyParis‐Saclay UniversityChâtenay‐MalabryFrance
| | - Marion Bertrand
- EPI‐PHARE Scientific Interest Group in Epidemiology of Health ProductsSaint‐DenisFrance
| | - Jérôme Drouin
- EPI‐PHARE Scientific Interest Group in Epidemiology of Health ProductsSaint‐DenisFrance
| | - Rosemary Dray‐Spira
- EPI‐PHARE Scientific Interest Group in Epidemiology of Health ProductsSaint‐DenisFrance
| | - Alain Weill
- EPI‐PHARE Scientific Interest Group in Epidemiology of Health ProductsSaint‐DenisFrance
| | - Mahmoud Zureik
- EPI‐PHARE Scientific Interest Group in Epidemiology of Health ProductsSaint‐DenisFrance
- Paris‐Saclay UniversityUVSQCESP‐Inserm, Anti‐infective evasion and pharmacoepidemiologyMontigny le BretonneuxFrance
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Steffen BT, Pankow JS, Lutsey PL, Demmer RT, Misialek JR, Guan W, Cowan LT, Coresh J, Norby FL, Tang W. Proteomic profiling identifies novel proteins for genetic risk of severe COVID-19: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2452-2461. [PMID: 35212764 PMCID: PMC9307314 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have identified six genetic variants associated with severe COVID-19, yet the mechanisms through which they may affect disease remains unclear. We investigated proteomic signatures related to COVID-19 risk variants rs657152 (ABO), rs10735079 (OAS1/OAS2/OAS3), rs2109069 (DPP9), rs74956615 (TYK2), rs2236757 (IFNAR2) and rs11385942 (SLC6A20/LZTFL1/CCR9/FYCO1/CXCR6/XCR1) as well as their corresponding downstream pathways that may promote severe COVID-19 in risk allele carriers and their potential relevancies to other infection outcomes. METHODS A DNA aptamer-based array measured 4870 plasma proteins among 11 471 participants. Linear regression estimated associations between the COVID-19 risk variants and proteins with correction for multiple comparisons, and canonical pathway analysis was conducted. Cox regression assessed associations between proteins identified in the main analysis and risk of incident hospitalized respiratory infections (2570 events) over a 20.7-year follow-up. RESULTS The ABO variant rs657152 was associated with 84 proteins in 7241 white participants with 24 replicated in 1671 Black participants. The TYK2 variant rs74956615 was associated with ICAM-1 and -5 in white participants with ICAM-5 replicated in Black participants. Of the 84 proteins identified in the main analysis, seven were significantly associated with incident hospitalized respiratory infections including Ephrin type-A receptor 4 (hazard ratio (HR): 0.87; P = 2.3 × 10-11) and von Willebrand factor type A (HR: 1.17; P = 1.6x10-13). CONCLUSIONS Novel proteomics signatures and pathways for COVID-19-related risk variants TYK2 and ABO were identified. A subset of these proteins predicted greater risk of incident hospitalized pneumonia and respiratory infections. Further studies to examine these proteins in COVID-19 patients are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Pamela L Lutsey
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ryan T Demmer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Misialek
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Logan T Cowan
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Environmental Health Sciences, Jiann Ping-Hsu College of Public Health, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Faye L Norby
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA,Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Health System, Los Angeles 90048, CA
| | - Weihong Tang
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S. 2nd St., Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. Tel: 6 126269140;
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Tylicki L, Puchalska-Reglińska E, Tylicki P, Och A, Polewska K, Biedunkiewicz B, Parczewska A, Szabat K, Wolf J, Dębska-Ślizień A. Predictors of Mortality in Hemodialyzed Patients after SARS-CoV-2 Infection. J Clin Med 2022; 11:285. [PMID: 35053983 PMCID: PMC8778392 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The determinants of COVID-19 mortality are well-characterized in the general population. Less numerous and inconsistent data are among the maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients, who are the population most at risk of an unfavorable prognosis. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study we included all adult HD patients from the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection hospitalized between 6 October 2020 and 28 February 2021, both those who survived, and also those who died. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and laboratory data on admission, were extracted from the electronic medical records of the dedicated hospital and patients' dialysis unit, and compared between survivors and non-survivors. We used univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods to explore the risk factors associated with 3-month all-cause mortality. RESULTS The 133 patients (53.38% males) aged 73.0 (67-79) years, with a median duration of hemodialysis of 42.0 (17-86) months, were included in this study. At diagnosis, the majority were considered to have a mild course (34 of 133 patients were asymptomatic, another 63 subjects presented mild symptoms), while 36 (27.07%) patients had low blood oxygen saturation and required oxygen supplementation. Three-month mortality was 39.08% including an in-hospital case fatality rate of 33.08%. Multivariable logistic regression showed that the frailty clinical index of 4 or greater (OR 8.36, 95%CI 1.81-38.6; p < 0.01), D-Dimer of 1500 ng/mL or greater (6.00, 1.94-18.53; p < 0.01), and CRP of >118 mg/L at admission (3.77 1.09-13.01; p = 0.04) were found to be predictive of mortality. CONCLUSION Very high 3-month all-cause mortality in hospitalized HD patients was determined mainly by frailty. High CRP and D-dimer levels upon admission further confer mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Tylicki
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.T.); (A.O.); (K.P.); (B.B.); (A.D.-Ś.)
| | | | - Piotr Tylicki
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.T.); (A.O.); (K.P.); (B.B.); (A.D.-Ś.)
| | - Aleksander Och
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.T.); (A.O.); (K.P.); (B.B.); (A.D.-Ś.)
| | - Karolina Polewska
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.T.); (A.O.); (K.P.); (B.B.); (A.D.-Ś.)
| | - Bogdan Biedunkiewicz
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.T.); (A.O.); (K.P.); (B.B.); (A.D.-Ś.)
| | | | - Krzysztof Szabat
- 7th Naval Hospital in Gdańsk, 80-305 Gdańsk, Poland; (E.P.-R.); (A.P.); (K.S.)
| | - Jacek Wolf
- Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Alicja Dębska-Ślizień
- Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.T.); (A.O.); (K.P.); (B.B.); (A.D.-Ś.)
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Shokri P, Golmohammadi S, Noori M, Nejadghaderi SA, Carson‐Chahhoud K, Safiri S. The relationship between blood groups and risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 or development of severe outcomes: A review. Rev Med Virol 2022; 32:e2247. [PMID: 34997677 PMCID: PMC8209917 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is considered a global catastrophe that has overwhelmed health care systems. Since initiation of the pandemic, identification of characteristics that might influence risk of infection and poor disease outcomes have been of paramount interest. Blood group phenotypes are genetically inherited characteristics whose association with certain infectious diseases have long been debated. The aim of this review is to identify whether a certain type of blood group may influence an individual's susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and developing severe outcomes. Our review shows that blood group O protects individuals against SARS-CoV-2, whereas blood group A predisposes them to being infected. Although the association between blood groups and outcomes of COVID-19 is not consistent, it is speculated that non-O blood group carriers with COVID-19 are at higher risk of developing severe outcomes in comparison to O blood group. The interaction between blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection is hypothesized to be as result of natural antibodies against blood group antigens that may act as a part of innate immune response to neutralize viral particles. Alternatively, blood group antigens could serve as additional receptors for the virus and individuals who are capable of expressing these antigens on epithelial cells, which are known as secretors, would then have a high propensity to be affected by SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pourya Shokri
- School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Saeid Golmohammadi
- School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Maryam Noori
- Student Research CommitteeSchool of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
- School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis Expert Group (SRMEG)Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN)TehranIran
| | - Kristin Carson‐Chahhoud
- Australian Centre for Precision HealthUniversity of South AustraliaSouth AustraliaAustralia
- School of MedicineUniversity of AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Saeid Safiri
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Social Determinants of Health Research CenterDepartment of Community MedicineFaculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Mansour MG, Abdelrahman AS, Abdeldayem EH. Correlation between CT chest severity score (CT-SS) and ABO blood group system in Egyptian patients with COVID-19. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2021. [PMCID: PMC8335447 DOI: 10.1186/s43055-021-00571-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global health crisis. CT chest is considered as an important investigation for early diagnosis as well as assessment of severity of COVID-19 pneumonia. Several articles reported that there is a correlation between ABO blood group system and susceptibility as well as prognosis of the disease. In our study we correlated the CT severity score (CT-SS) and the ABO blood group in patients with COVID-19 infection. This study involved 547 symptomatic patients with pathologically proven COVID-19 infection (positive PCR); non contrast CT chest was done for all cases and CT severity score (CT-SS) was calculated followed by its correlation with the patients’ ABO blood group. Aim of the work was to evaluate the relation between CT-SS and the ABO blood groups in Egyptian patients with COVID-19 infection. Results The mean CT-SS in patients with blood group A patients (n = 153; 28%) was 13.7 (moderate severity), while in patients with blood group O (n = 227; 41.5%) the mean CT-SS was 6.7 (mild severity). In blood group B patients (n = 139; 25.4%) the mean CT-SS was 9.1 (mild to moderate severity) and in blood group AB patients (n = 28; 5.1%) the mean CT-SS was 9.7 (mild to moderate severity). Conclusion COVID-19 patients with blood group A are more prone to aggressive CT findings (higher CT-SS) and consequently may be susceptible to increased risk of mortality compared to the patients with other blood groups; however, patients with blood group O are suggested to have the least CT-SS and appear to be relatively protected.
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Kim Y, Latz CA, DeCarlo CS, Lee S, Png CYM, Kibrik P, Sung E, Alabi O, Dua A. Relationship between blood type and outcomes following COVID-19 infection. Semin Vasc Surg 2021; 34:125-131. [PMID: 34642032 PMCID: PMC8286549 DOI: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, a concentrated research effort has been undertaken to elucidate risk factors underlying viral infection, severe illness, and death. Recent studies have investigated the association between blood type and COVID-19 infection. This article aims to comprehensively review current literature and better understand the impact of blood type on viral susceptibility and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Kim
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Wang 440, Boston, MA, 02114
| | - Christopher A Latz
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Wang 440, Boston, MA, 02114
| | - Charles S DeCarlo
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Wang 440, Boston, MA, 02114
| | - Sujin Lee
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Wang 440, Boston, MA, 02114
| | - C Y Maximilian Png
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Wang 440, Boston, MA, 02114
| | - Pavel Kibrik
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Langone Medical Center, New York University, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Eric Sung
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Wang 440, Boston, MA, 02114
| | - Olamide Alabi
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Anahita Dua
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Wang 440, Boston, MA, 02114.
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Kabrah SM, Kabrah AM, Flemban AF, Abuzerr S. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the susceptibility of ABO blood group to COVID-19 infection. Transfus Apher Sci 2021; 60:103169. [PMID: 34045120 PMCID: PMC8139534 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2021.103169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Numerous studies investigate the association between the ABO blood groups and the occurrence of COVID-19 infection; discordant findings were reported. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the existing evidence on the susceptibility of the ABO blood group to COVID-19 infection. Methods Systematically searched published articles in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and EMBASE between 1 st January 2020 and 21 st March 2021. After quality control and the exclusion of irrelevant studies, 16 studies were included in the final analysis. Results Although the random-effect meta-analysis revealed a large heterogeneity among studies, I 2 = 99.197 %. The pooled event rates and (95 % CIs) for A, O, B, and AB blood group were 0.459 (95 %CI: 0.358–0.441), 0.342 (95 %CI: 0.298–0.374), 0.180 (95 %CI: 0.150–0.214), and 0.076 (95 %CI: 0.055–0.127), respectively. These results indicated that the COVID-19 infection rate was higher in persons with blood group A > O > B > AB. Overall, the ABO blood group's vulnerability to COVID-19 infection was statistically significant (pooled p -value<0.001). Conclusion This meta-analysis offers a further indication of blood group A individuals' vulnerability to COVID-19 infection, and blood type AB are linked to a lower risk of COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed M Kabrah
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed M Kabrah
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Arwa F Flemban
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Samer Abuzerr
- Visiting Scholar with the School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Canada; Quality Improvement and Infection Control Unit, Ministry of Health, Gaza, Palestine.
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Pendu JL, Breiman A, Rocher J, Dion M, Ruvoën-Clouet N. ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data. Viruses 2021; 13:160. [PMID: 33499228 PMCID: PMC7911989 DOI: 10.3390/v13020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of COVID-19, many publications have reported associations with ABO blood types. Despite between-study discrepancies, an overall consensus has emerged whereby blood group O appears associated with a lower risk of COVID-19, while non-O blood types appear detrimental. Two major hypotheses may explain these findings: First, natural anti-A and anti-B antibodies could be partially protective against SARS-CoV-2 virions carrying blood group antigens originating from non-O individuals. Second, O individuals are less prone to thrombosis and vascular dysfunction than non-O individuals and therefore could be at a lesser risk in case of severe lung dysfunction. Here, we review the literature on the topic in light of these hypotheses. We find that between-study variation may be explained by differences in study settings and that both mechanisms are likely at play. Moreover, as frequencies of ABO phenotypes are highly variable between populations or geographical areas, the ABO coefficient of variation, rather than the frequency of each individual phenotype is expected to determine impact of the ABO system on virus transmission. Accordingly, the ABO coefficient of variation correlates with COVID-19 prevalence. Overall, despite modest apparent risk differences between ABO subtypes, the ABO blood group system might play a major role in the COVID-19 pandemic when considered at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Le Pendu
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.B.); (J.R.); (N.R.-C.)
| | - Adrien Breiman
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.B.); (J.R.); (N.R.-C.)
- CHU de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Jézabel Rocher
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.B.); (J.R.); (N.R.-C.)
| | - Michel Dion
- Microbiotes Hosts Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistances (MiHAR), Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Nathalie Ruvoën-Clouet
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France; (A.B.); (J.R.); (N.R.-C.)
- Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l’Alimentation, F-44307 Nantes, France
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El-Shitany NA, El-Hamamsy M, Alahmadi AA, Eid BG, Neamatallah T, Almukadi HS, Arab RA, Faddladdeen KA, Al-Sulami KA, Bahshwan SM, Ali SS, Harakeh S, Badr-Eldin SM. The Impact of ABO Blood Grouping on COVID-19 Vulnerability and Seriousness: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Controlled Study among the Arab Community. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:E276. [PMID: 33401440 PMCID: PMC7795413 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Studies have noted that some ABO blood types are more susceptible to COVID-19 virus infection. This study aimed to further confirm the relationship between different blood groups on the vulnerability, symptoms, cure period, and severity among COVID-19 recovered patients. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study approached the participants from the Arab community via social media (mainly Facebook and WhatsApp). The data were collected through two Google Form questionnaires, one for COVID-19 recovered patients (COVID-19 group, n = 726), and the other for the healthy people (Control group, n = 707). Results: The subjects with blood group O were the least likely to be infected with the COVID-19 virus, while those with blood group A were not likely to be the most susceptible. There were significant differences among different ABO blood groups regarding the distribution of oxygen saturation percentage, myalgia, and recovery time after COVID-19 infection (p < 0.01, 0.01, and 0.05, respectively). The blood group A showed the highest percentage of patients who experienced an oxygen saturation range of 90-100%, whereas the blood group O showed the highest percentage of patients who experienced an oxygen saturation range of 70-80%. The blood group A showed the lowest percentage of patients who required artificial respiration, whereas the blood group O showed the highest percentage of patients who required artificial respiration. The blood group B showed the lowest percentage of patients who experienced myalgia and exhibited the lowest percentage of patients who needed 3 weeks or more to recover. Conclusion: The people of blood group O may be the least likely to be infected with COVID-19, however, they may be the more in need of treatment in hospital and artificial respiration compared to the other blood groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagla A. El-Shitany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (B.G.E.); (T.N.); (H.S.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Manal El-Hamamsy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahlam A. Alahmadi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (K.A.F.)
| | - Basma G. Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (B.G.E.); (T.N.); (H.S.A.)
| | - Thikryat Neamatallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (B.G.E.); (T.N.); (H.S.A.)
| | - Haifa S. Almukadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (B.G.E.); (T.N.); (H.S.A.)
| | - Rana A. Arab
- Medicine Program, Ibn Sina National Faculty for Medical Studies, Jeddah 22421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khadija A. Faddladdeen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (K.A.F.)
| | - Khayria A. Al-Sulami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts in Al-Makhwah, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha 65511, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Safia M. Bahshwan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha 65511, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Soad S. Ali
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt;
| | - Steve Harakeh
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Yousef Abdullatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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