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Singh S, Tiwari H, Verma A, Gupta P, Chattopadhaya A, Singh A, Singh S, Kumar B, Mandal A, Kumar R, Yadav AK, Gautam HK, Gautam V. Sustainable Synthesis of Novel Green-Based Nanoparticles for Therapeutic Interventions and Environmental Remediation. ACS Synth Biol 2024. [PMID: 38899943 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The advancement in nanotechnology has completely revolutionized various fields, including pharmaceutical sciences, and streamlined the potential therapeutic of many diseases that endanger human life. The synthesis of green nanoparticles by biological processes is an aspect of the newly emerging scientific field known as "green nanotechnology". Due to their safe, eco-friendly, nontoxic nature, green synthesis tools are better suited to produce nanoparticles between 1 and 100 nm. Nanoformulation of different types of nanoparticles has been made possible by using green production techniques and commercially feasible novel precursors, such as seed extracts, algae, and fungi, that act as potent reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents. In addition to this, the biofunctionalization of nanoparticles has also broadened its horizon in the field of environmental remediation and various novel therapeutic innovations including wound healing, antimicrobial, anticancer, and nano biosensing. However, the major challenge pertaining to green nanotechnology is the agglomeration of nanoparticles that may alter the surface topology, which can affect biological physiology, thereby contributing to system toxicity. Therefore, a thorough grasp of nanoparticle toxicity and biocompatibility is required to harness the applications of nanotechnology in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Harshita Tiwari
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Amrit Chattopadhaya
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ananya Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sanjana Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Abhijit Mandal
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ashok K Yadav
- Centre for Molecular Biology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, 181143, Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India
| | - Hemant Kumar Gautam
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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Nawaz M, Afridi MN, Ullah I, Khan IA, Ishaq MS, Su Y, Rizwan HM, Cheng KW, Zhou Q, Wang M. The inhibitory effects of endophytic metabolites on glycated proteins under non-communicable disease conditions: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131869. [PMID: 38670195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Protein glycation in human body is closely linked to the onset/progression of diabetes associated complications. These glycated proteins are commonly known as advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Recent literature has also highlighted the involvement of AGEs in other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular, cancer, and Alzheimer's diseases and explored the impact of plant metabolites on AGEs formation. However, the significance of endophytic metabolites against AGEs has recently garnered attention but has not been thoroughly summarized thus far. Therefore, the objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the importance of endophytic metabolites in combating AGEs under NCDs conditions. Additionally, this review aims to elucidate the processes of AGEs formation, absorption, metabolism, and their harmful effects. Collectively, endophytic metabolites play a crucial role in modulating signaling pathways and enhancing the digestibility properties of gut microbiota (GM) by targeting on AGEs/RAGE (receptor for AGEs) axis. Furthermore, these metabolites exhibit anti-AGEs activities similar to those derived from host plants, but at a lower cost and higher production rate. The use of endophytes as a source of such metabolites offers a risk-free and sustainable approach that holds substantial potential for the treatment and management of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nawaz
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Muhammad Naveed Afridi
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Irfan Ullah
- CPSP/REU/SGR-2016-021-8421, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ali Khan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Muhammad Saqib Ishaq
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
| | - Yuting Su
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ka-Wing Cheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Asomadu RO, Ezeorba TPC, Ezike TC, Uzoechina JO. Exploring the antioxidant potential of endophytic fungi: a review on methods for extraction and quantification of total antioxidant capacity (TAC). 3 Biotech 2024; 14:127. [PMID: 38585410 PMCID: PMC10997672 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi have emerged as a significant source of natural products with remarkable bioactivities. Recent research has identified numerous antioxidant molecules among the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi. These organisms, whether unicellular or micro-multicellular, offer the potential for genetic manipulation to enhance the production of these valuable antioxidant compounds, which hold promise for promoting health, vitality, and various biotechnological applications. In this study, we provide a critical review of methods for extracting, purifying, characterizing, and estimating the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of endophytic fungi metabolites. While many endophytes produce metabolites similar to those found in plants with established symbiotic associations, we also highlight the existence of novel metabolites with potential scientific interest. Additionally, we discuss how advancements in nanotechnology have opened new avenues for exploring nanoformulations of endophytic metabolites in future studies, offering opportunities for diverse biological and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Onyekachukwu Asomadu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu, 410001 Nigeria
| | - Timothy Prince Chidike Ezeorba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu, 410001 Nigeria
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu, 410001 Nigeria
- Department of Environmental Health and Risk Management, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B17 2TT UK
| | - Tobechukwu Christian Ezike
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu, 410001 Nigeria
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu, 410001 Nigeria
| | - Jude Obiorah Uzoechina
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu, 410001 Nigeria
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Gupta P, Singh S, Rai N, Verma A, Tiwari H, Kamble SC, Gautam HK, Gautam V. Unveiling the cytotoxic and anti-proliferative potential of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles mediated by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. RSC Adv 2024; 14:4074-4088. [PMID: 38292267 PMCID: PMC10825743 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06145k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are a putative source of bioactive metabolites that have found significant applications in nanomedicine due to their metabolic versatility. In the present study, an aqueous extract of the fungal endophyte, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides associated with a medicinal plant Oroxylum indicum, has been used for the fabrication of green silver nanoparticles (CgAgNPs) and further evaluated their cytotoxic and anti-proliferative activity. Bioanalytical techniques including UV-Vis spectral analysis revealed a sharp band at 435 nm and functional molecules from the aqueous extract involved in the synthesis of CgAgNPs were evidenced through FTIR. Further, the crystalline nature of CgAgNPs was determined through XRD analysis and microscopy techniques including AFM, TEM and FESEM demonstrated the spherical shape of CgAgNPs exhibiting a crystalline hexagonal lattice and the size was found to be in the range of 9-29 nm. The significant cytotoxic potential of CgAgNPs was observed against breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 with IC50 values of 18.398 ± 0.376 and 38.587 ± 1.828 μg mL-1, respectively. The biochemical study revealed that the treatment of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells with CgAgNPs reduces glucose uptake, suppresses cell proliferation, and enhances LDH release, indicating reduced cell viability and progression. Moreover, our research revealed differential expression of genes associated with apoptosis, cell cycle inhibition and metastasis suppression, evidencing anti-proliferative activity of CgAgNPs. The main objective of the present study is to harness anti-breast cancer activity of novel biogenic nanoparticles synthesized using the aqueous extract of O. indicum associated C. gloeosporioides and study the underlying mechanistic pathway exerted by these mycogenic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221005 India +918860182113
| | - Swati Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221005 India +918860182113
| | - Nilesh Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221005 India +918860182113
| | - Ashish Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221005 India +918860182113
| | - Harshita Tiwari
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221005 India +918860182113
| | - Swapnil C Kamble
- Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University Ganeshkhind Pune 411007 India
| | - Hemant Kumar Gautam
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology Sukhdev Vihar New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221005 India +918860182113
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5
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Verma A, Rai N, Gupta P, Singh S, Tiwari H, Chauhan SB, Kailashiya V, Gautam V. Exploration of in vitro cytotoxic and in ovo antiangiogenic activity of ethyl acetate extract of Penicillium oxalicum. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2509-2523. [PMID: 37461856 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Fungal endophytes have established new paradigms in the area of biomedicine due to their ability to produce metabolites of pharmacological importance. The present study reports the in vitro cytotoxic and in ovo antiangiogenic activity of the ethyl acetate (EA) extract of Penicillium oxalicum and their chemical profiling through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis. Treatment of the EA extract of P. oxalicum to the selected human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) leads to the reduced glucose uptake and increased nitric oxide production suggesting the cytotoxic activity of EA extract of P. oxalicum. Our results further show that treatment of EA extract of P. oxalicum attenuates the colony number, cell migration ability and alters nuclear morphology in both the human breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the treatment of EA extract of P. oxalicum mediates apoptosis by increasing the expression of BAX, P21, FADD, and CASPASE-8 genes, with increased Caspase-3 activity. Additionally, in ovo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay showed that the treatment of EA extract of P. oxalicum leads to antiangiogenic activity with perturbed formation of blood vessels. Overall, our findings suggest that the EA extract of P. oxalicum show in vitro cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cell lines, and in ovo antiangiogenic activity in CAM model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Nilesh Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Swati Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Harshita Tiwari
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan Chauhan
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vikas Kailashiya
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Xu J, Zeng Y, Yu C, Xu S, Tang L, Zeng X, Huang Y, Sun Z, Xu B, Yu T. Visualization of the relationship between fungi and cancer from the perspective of bibliometric analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18592. [PMID: 37529342 PMCID: PMC10388209 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between cancer and microorganisms has been extensively studied, with bacteria receiving more attention than fungi. However, fungi have been shown to play a significant role in cancer development and progression. Understanding the underlying mechanisms is crucial for identifying new avenues in prevention and treatment. To evaluate the current state of research on fungi and cancer, we conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Using the Web of Science Core Collection database, we searched for English-language articles published between 1998 and 2022. Analyzing the resulting publication data, we identified trends, patterns, and research gaps. Our analysis encompassed co-authorship networks, citation analysis, and keyword co-occurrence analysis. With 8283 publications identified, averaging 331.32 publications per year, our findings highlight China, the United States, India, Japan, and Germany as the top contributing countries. The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, and University of São Paulo emerged as the most productive institutions. Key themes in the literature included "cancer," "cytotoxicity," "apoptosis," "metabolites," and "fungus." Recent trends indicate increased interest in keywords such as "green synthesis," "molecular docking," "anticancer activity," "antibacterial," "anticancer," and "silver nanoparticles." Our study provides a comprehensive assessment of the current research landscape in the field of fungi and cancer, offering insights into collaborative networks, research directions, and emerging hotspots. The growing publication rate demonstrates the rising interest in the topic, while identifying leading countries, institutions, and research themes serves as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and funders interested in supporting investigations on fungi-derived compounds as potential anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 330029, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Affiliated People Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Chengdong Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 330029, China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 330029, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 330029, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zeng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 330029, China
| | - Yanxiao Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 330029, China
| | - Zhengkui Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 330029, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Jiangxi Health Committee Key (JHCK) Laboratory of Tumor Metastasis, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tenghua Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 330029, China
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Tiwari H, Rai N, Singh S, Gupta P, Verma A, Singh AK, Kajal, Salvi P, Singh SK, Gautam V. Recent Advances in Nanomaterials-Based Targeted Drug Delivery for Preclinical Cancer Diagnosis and Therapeutics. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:760. [PMID: 37508788 PMCID: PMC10376516 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-oncology is a branch of biomedical research and engineering that focuses on using nanotechnology in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Nanomaterials are extensively employed in the field of oncology because of their minute size and ultra-specificity. A wide range of nanocarriers, such as dendrimers, micelles, PEGylated liposomes, and polymeric nanoparticles are used to facilitate the efficient transport of anti-cancer drugs at the target tumor site. Real-time labeling and monitoring of cancer cells using quantum dots is essential for determining the level of therapy needed for treatment. The drug is targeted to the tumor site either by passive or active means. Passive targeting makes use of the tumor microenvironment and enhanced permeability and retention effect, while active targeting involves the use of ligand-coated nanoparticles. Nanotechnology is being used to diagnose the early stage of cancer by detecting cancer-specific biomarkers using tumor imaging. The implication of nanotechnology in cancer therapy employs photoinduced nanosensitizers, reverse multidrug resistance, and enabling efficient delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 and RNA molecules for therapeutic applications. However, despite recent advancements in nano-oncology, there is a need to delve deeper into the domain of designing and applying nanoparticles for improved cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Tiwari
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Nilesh Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Swati Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Kajal
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, India
| | - Prafull Salvi
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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8
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Abdelalatif AM, Elwakil BH, Mohamed MZ, Hagar M, Olama ZA. Fungal Secondary Metabolites/Dicationic Pyridinium Iodide Combinations in Combat against Multi-Drug Resistant Microorganisms. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062434. [PMID: 36985405 PMCID: PMC10058977 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic-resistant opportunistic microbes is a huge socioeconomic burden and a growing concern for global public health. In the current study, two endophytic fungal strains were isolated from Mangifera Indica roots and identified as Aspergillus niger MT597434.1 and Trichoderma lixii KU324798.1. Secondary metabolites produced by A. niger and T. lixii were extracted and tested for their antimicrobial activity. The highest activity was noticed against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli treated with A. niger and T. lixii secondary metabolites, respectively. A. niger crude extract was mainly composed of Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester and 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester (26.66 and 18.01%, respectively), while T. lixii crude extract's major components were 2,4-Decadienal, (E,E) and 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, and methyl ester (10.69 and 10.32%, respectively). Moreover, a comparative study between the fungal extracts and dicationic pyridinium iodide showed that the combination of A. niger and T. lixii secondary metabolites with dicationic pyridinium iodide compound showed a synergistic effect against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The combined formulae inhibited the bacterial growth after 4 to 6 h through cell wall breakage and cells deformation, with intracellular components leakage and increased ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub M Abdelalatif
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, Egypt
| | - Bassma H Elwakil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Hagar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, Egypt
| | - Zakia A Olama
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, Egypt
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Rai R, Bhandari R, Kaleem M, Rai N, Gautam V, Misra A. A simple TICT/ICT based molecular probe exhibiting ratiometric fluorescence Turn-On response in selective detection of Cu2+. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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10
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Rai N, Gupta P, Verma A, Singh SK, Gautam V. Isolation and characterization of N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)hexadecanamide from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides with apoptosis-inducing potential in breast cancer cells. Biofactors 2023. [PMID: 36744732 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are a well-established reservoir of bioactive compounds that are pharmaceutically valuable and therefore, contribute significantly to the biomedical field. The present study aims to identify the bioactive anticancer compound from ethyl acetate extract of fungal endophyte, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides associated with the leaf of the medicinal plant Oroxylum indicum. The fatty acid amide compound N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)hexadecanamide (Palmitoylethanolamide; PEA) was identified using antioxidant activity-guided fractionation assisted with tandem liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. In-Silico molecular docking analysis showed that PEA potentially docked to the active sites of apoptosis-inducing proteins including BAX, BCL-2, P21, and P53. Further validation was done using in vitro study that showed PEA inhibitsthe proliferation, alters nuclear morphology and attenuates the wound closure ability of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. PEA induces apoptosis via upregulating cell-cycle arrest (P21), tumor suppression (P53), pro-apoptotic (BAX, CASPASE-8, and FADD) genes, and downregulating anti-apoptotic gene BCL-2. The upregulation of the active form of Caspase-3 was also reported. This is the first-ever report for the isolation of PEA from C. gloeosporioides with anticancer activity against human breast cancer cells and therefore holds great potential for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Rai N, Gupta P, Verma A, Tiwari RK, Madhukar P, Kamble SC, Kumar A, Kumar R, Singh SK, Gautam V. Ethyl Acetate Extract of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Promotes Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3768-3784. [PMID: 36743019 PMCID: PMC9893742 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are known to be a paragon for producing bioactive compounds with a variety of pharmacological importance. The current study aims to elucidate the molecular alterations induced by the bioactive compounds produced by the fungal endophyte Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in the tumor microenvironment of human breast cancer cells. GC/MS analysis of the ethyl acetate (EA) extract of C. gloeosporioides revealed the presence of bioactive compounds with anticancer activity. The EA extract of C. gloeosporioides exerted potential plasmid DNA protective activity against hydroxyl radicals of Fenton's reagent. The cytotoxic activity further revealed that MDA-MB-231 cells exhibit more sensitivity toward the EA extract of C. gloeosporioides as compared to MCF-7 cells, whereas non-toxic to non-cancerous HEK293T cells. Furthermore, the anticancer activity demonstrated by the EA extract of C. gloeosporioides was studied by assessing nuclear morphometric analysis and induction of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. The EA extract of C. gloeosporioides causes the alteration in cellular and nuclear morphologies, chromatin condensation, long-term colony inhibition, and inhibition of cell migration and proliferation ability of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. The study also revealed that the EA extract of C. gloeosporioides treated cells undergoes apoptosis by increased production of reactive oxygen species and significant deficit in mitochondrial membrane potential. Our study also showed that the EA extract of C. gloeosporioides causes upregulation of pro-apoptotic (BAX, PARP, CASPASE-8, and FADD), cell cycle arrest (P21), and tumor suppressor (P53) related genes. Additionally, the downregulation of antiapoptotic genes (BCL-2 and SURVIVIN) and increased Caspase-3 activity suggest the induction of apoptosis in the EA extract of C. gloeosporioides treated MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Overall, our findings suggest that the bioactive compounds present in the EA extract of C. gloeosporioides promotes apoptosis by altering the genes related to the extrinsic as well as the intrinsic pathway. Further in vivo study in breast cancer models is required to validate the in vitro observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Rai
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rajan Kumar Tiwari
- Department
of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Prasoon Madhukar
- Infectious
Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of
Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi221005, India
| | - Swapnil C. Kamble
- Department
of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department
of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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12
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Gupta P, Rai N, Verma A, Saikia D, Singh SP, Kumar R, Singh SK, Kumar D, Gautam V. Green-Based Approach to Synthesize Silver Nanoparticles Using the Fungal Endophyte Penicillium oxalicum and Their Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and In Vitro Anticancer Potential. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:46653-46673. [PMID: 36570288 PMCID: PMC9774420 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A green-based approach for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles has gained tremendous attention in biomedical applications. Fungal endophytes have been recognized as a remarkable biological source for the synthesis of potential nanodrugs. The present study focuses on the fabrication of silver nanoparticles using the fungal endophyte Penicillium oxalicum (POAgNPs) associated with the leaf of the Amoora rohituka plant. Sharp UV-visible spectra at 420 nm appeared due to the surface plasmon resonance of POAgNPs and the reduction of silver salt. FT-IR analysis revealed the presence of functional groups of bioactive compounds of P. oxalicum responsible for the reduction of silver salt and validated the synthesis of POAgNPs. A high degree of crystallinity was revealed through XRD analysis, and microscopy-based characterizations such as AFM, TEM, and FESEM showed uniformly distributed, and spherically shaped nanoparticles. Furthermore, POAgNPs showed a potential inhibitory effect against bacterial and fungal strains of pathogenic nature. POAgNPs also exhibited potential antioxidant activity against the synthetically generated free radicals such as DPPH, superoxide, hydroxyl, and nitric oxide with EC50 values of 9.034 ± 0.449, 56.378 ± 1.137, 34.094 ± 1.944, and 61.219 ± 0.69 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, POAgNPs exhibited cytotoxic potential against the breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 with IC50 values of 20.080 ± 0.761 and 40.038 ± 1.022 μg/mL, respectively. POAgNPs showed anticancer potential through inhibition of wound closure and by altering the nuclear morphology of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Further anticancer activity revealed that POAgNPs induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells by differential expression of genes related to apoptosis, tumor suppression, and cell cycle arrest and increased the level of Caspase-3. The novel study showed that P. oxalicum-mediated silver nanoparticles exhibit potential biological activity, which can be exploited as nanodrugs in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute
of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Nilesh Rai
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute
of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute
of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Dimple Saikia
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Dharwad, Dharwad 580011, India
| | - Surya Pratap Singh
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Dharwad, Dharwad 580011, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute
of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute
of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department
of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre
of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute
of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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13
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Salvi P, Mahawar H, Agarrwal R, Kajal, Gautam V, Deshmukh R. Advancement in the molecular perspective of plant-endophytic interaction to mitigate drought stress in plants. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:981355. [PMID: 36118190 PMCID: PMC9478035 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.981355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Change in global climate has started to show its effect in the form of extremes of temperatures and water scarcity which is bound to impact adversely the global food security in near future. In the current review we discuss the impact of drought on plants and highlight the ability of endophytes, microbes that inhabit the plants asymptomatically, to confer stress tolerance to their host. For this we first describe the symbiotic association between plant and the endophytes and then focus on the molecular and physiological strategies/mechanisms adopted by these endophytes to confer stress tolerance. These include root alteration, osmotic adjustment, ROS scavenging, detoxification, production of phytohormones, and promoting plant growth under adverse conditions. The review further elaborates on how omics-based techniques have advanced our understanding of molecular basis of endophyte mediated drought tolerance of host plant. Detailed analysis of whole genome sequences of endophytes followed by comparative genomics facilitates in identification of genes involved in endophyte-host interaction while functional genomics further unveils the microbial targets that can be exploited for enhancing the stress tolerance of the host. Thus, an amalgamation of endophytes with other sustainable agricultural practices seems to be an appeasing approach to produce climate-resilient crops.
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14
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A Review on Medicinal Plants Having Anticancer Properties of Northeast India and Associated Endophytic Microbes and their Future in Medicinal Science. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.3.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human beings are affected by different diseases and suffer to different extents. Cancer is one of the major human disease and millions of people suffered from cancer and end their lives every year. Peoples are dependent on herbal medicines since prehistoric time especially from developing countries. It is very common to have different side effects of modern synthetic medicines; hence now-a-days importance of herbal medicines due to no or least side effects increases all parts of the world. But the major problems of using herbal medicines are that plants can produce very limited amount of medicinally important bioactive metabolites and they have very long growth periods. Therefore endophytes are the excellent alternative of plant derived metabolites. Endophytic microbes can synthesize exactly same type of metabolites as the plant produces. North East India is a treasure of plant resources; various types of medicinal plants are present in this region. Different types of indigenous tribes are inhabited in this region who used different plants in traditional system for treating various disease. But with increasing demand it is sometimes not sufficient to manage the demand of medicines, therefore for massive production endophytic study is crucial. In spite of having huge plant resources very limited endophytic studies are observed in this region. In this review, we studied different plants with their endophytes of NE India showing anticancer properties.
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15
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Peng Z, Xiong J, Dong H. Valproic Acid Inhibits Peripheral T Cell Lymphoma Cells Behaviors via Restraining PI3K/AKT Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:7350489. [PMID: 35966721 PMCID: PMC9374556 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7350489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Alproic acid (VPA) is a clinic antiepileptic drug. Antitumor role of VPA has been studied. The aim of this study was to clarify the treatment effect and potential mechanism of VPA on peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs). Materials and Methods Hut 78 cells were obtained from the Shanghai Cell Bank, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and randomly divided into six groups: control, VPA (8 mM), empty vector (NC), miR-3196 mimics, miR-3196 inhibitor, and VPA + miR-3196 mimics groups. CCK-8 assay was performed to clarify the regulative role of VPA on cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was applied to determine the apoptotic rate and ROS levels. miR-3196 was tested by RT-qPCR. Western blot was used to test the level of p-PI3K and p-AKT. Biochemical experiments were used to detect changes in the content of ATP, lactate level, and glucose content. Electron microscopy was used to show the structure of mitochondria in Hut 78 cells. Results VPA greatly promoted the expression of miR-3196 and inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the NC group, the cell apoptosis rate, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 expression, lactate level, ROS expression, and glucose content in the VPA group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and cell proliferation, ATP production, and the expression of Bcl-2, p-PI3K and p-AKT was decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The role of mir-3196 mimics is similar to VPA. While, the miR-3196 inhibitor had the opposite effect to VPA and mimics. The combination of VPA and miR-3196 mimics has the most obvious effect. Conclusion VPA can inhibit the proliferation of Hut 78 cells and promote cell apoptosis and the structure and dysfunction of mitochondria by regulating the activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Peng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Lymphatic Hematology and Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hanzhi Dong
- General Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
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16
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Kousar R, Naeem M, Jamaludin MI, Arshad A, Shamsuri AN, Ansari N, Akhtar S, Hazafa A, Uddin J, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Exploring the anticancer activities of novel bioactive compounds derived from endophytic fungi: mechanisms of action, current challenges and future perspectives. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:2897-2919. [PMID: 35968347 PMCID: PMC9360238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death all around the world. The natural compounds derived from the endophytic flora of fungi are possible solutions to cancer treatment because they are safe for health, cost-effective, biocompatible and have fewer toxicity issues. The active ingredients in endophytic fungi that are responsible for anti-cancer activities are alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, saponin, peptides, steroids, phenols, quinones, and flavonoids. This review highlights the anti-cancer activities of entophytic fungus against human papillary thyroid carcinoma (IHH4), human pancreatic (PANC-1), ovarian (OVCAR-3), hepatic (HepG2), lung (A-549), human lymphoma (U937), human skin carcinoma (A431), breast (MCF-7), and Kaposi's sarcoma. The emerging evidence suggested that bioactive compounds isolated from endophytic fungi showed their anti-cancer activities by revealing the disturbance of the microtubule network caused by increased levels of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins that triggers cell cycle arrest at the G2-M phase, by inhibiting the DNA replication via binding with topoisomerase II, by regulating the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and NF-kB, by evaluating the levels of p21, p27, and cyclins B/D1/E that led to cell death by apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. This review will assist readers in better comprehending bioactive chemicals and the beneficial interaction between the fungal endophytes and medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Kousar
- Collage of Life Science, Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical UniversityTaichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024, Hebei, China
| | - Mohamad Ikhwan Jamaludin
- Bioinspired Device and Tissue Engineering Research Group, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ammara Arshad
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Management & Technology LahorePakistan
| | - Aisyah Nazirah Shamsuri
- Johor Pharmaceutical Services Division, Hospital Permai LamaJalan Persiaran Permai, Johor Bahru 81200, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nelofar Ansari
- Department of Botany, University of BalochistanQuetta, Pakistan
| | | | - Abu Hazafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Jalal Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid UniversityAbha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of NizwaPO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of NizwaPO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
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17
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Tan WN, Nagarajan K, Lim V, Azizi J, Khaw KY, Tong WY, Leong CR, Chear NJY. Metabolomics Analysis and Antioxidant Potential of Endophytic Diaporthe fraxini ED2 Grown in Different Culture Media. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050519. [PMID: 35628774 PMCID: PMC9144047 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are a promising source of bioactive metabolites with a wide range of pharmacological activities. In the present study, MS-based metabolomics was conducted to study the metabolomes variations of endophytic Diaporthe fraxini ED2 grown in different culture media. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were conducted to assess the antioxidant potential of the fungal extracts. Multivariate data analysis (MVDA) was employed in data analysis and interpretation to elucidate the complex metabolite profile. The supplemented culture medium of D. fraxini fungal extract stimulated the production of metabolites not occurring in the normal culture medium. Antioxidant activity studies revealed the potential of supplemented cultured fungal extract of D. fraxini as a source of antioxidants. The present findings highlight that fungal culture medium supplementation is an effective approach to unravelling the hidden metabolome in plant-associated fungal diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Nee Tan
- Chemistry Section, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (W.-N.T.); (J.A.)
| | - Kashvintha Nagarajan
- Chemistry Section, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;
| | - Vuanghao Lim
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas 13200, Penang, Malaysia;
| | - Juzaili Azizi
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (W.-N.T.); (J.A.)
| | - Kooi-Yeong Khaw
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Woei-Yenn Tong
- Branch Campus Institute of Medical Science Technology (MESTECH), Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Chean-Ring Leong
- Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology (MICET), Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Alor Gajah 78000, Melaka, Malaysia;
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18
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Rai N, Gupta P, Keshri PK, Verma A, Mishra P, Kumar D, Kumar A, Singh SK, Gautam V. Fungal Endophytes: an Accessible Source of Bioactive Compounds with Potential Anticancer Activity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:3296-3319. [PMID: 35349089 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03872-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Endophytes either be bacteria, fungi, or actinomycetes colonize inside the tissue of host plants without showing any immediate negative effects on them. Among numerous natural alternative sources, fungal endophytes produce a wide range of structurally diverse bioactive metabolites including anticancer compounds. Considering the production of bioactive compounds in low quantity, genetic and physicochemical modification of the fungal endophytes is performed for the enhanced production of bioactive compounds. Presently, for the treatment of cancer, chemotherapy is majorly used, but the side effects of chemotherapy are of prime concern in clinical practices. Also, the drug-resistant properties of carcinoma cells, lack of cancer cells-specific medicine, and the side effects of drugs are the biggest obstacles in cancer treatment. The interminable requirement of potential drugs has encouraged researchers to seek alternatives to find novel bioactive compounds, and fungal endophytes seem to be a probable target for the discovery of anticancer drugs. The present review focuses a comprehensive literature on the major fungal endophyte-derived bioactive compounds which are presently been used for the management of cancer, biotic factors influencing the production of bioactive compounds and about the challenges in the field of fungal endophyte research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Priyanka Kumari Keshri
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Pradeep Mishra
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Kemihuset (K), Umeå Universitet, Umeå Campus, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221005, Varanasi, India.
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