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Sharma S, Hussain S, Kumar P, Singh AN. Urban trees' potential for regulatory services in the urban environment: an exploration of carbon sequestration. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:504. [PMID: 38700595 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12634-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Urbanisation has emerged as a formidable challenge for urban policymakers, reaching unparalleled heights and unsettling the ecological equilibrium of the cities. Urban areas now grapple with many issues encompassing climate change, resource depletion, population surges and increased pollution levels. Many planned cities have planted trees and other vegetation within the urban sectors to enhance air quality, mitigate climate effects and provide valuable ecosystem services. This study assessed tree species diversity and their potential for carbon sequestration in Panjab University Campus, Chandigarh. We established 188 plots, each comprising randomly selected quadrats measuring 10 m × 10 m, encompassing areas with varying levels of vegetation, ranging from low to moderate and high density. We used four different allometric equations to estimate tree biomass and carbon stock. Our findings revealed that 92 tree species belong to 72 genera and 35 families, with a total tree density of 975 ha-1. The total CO2 sequestration in form of carbon stock was 18,769.46 Mg C ha-1, with Manilkara hexandra (1239.20 Mg C ha-1), Ficus benghalensis (1072.24 Mg C ha-1), Kigelia pinnata (989.89 Mg C ha-1) and Lagerstroemia floribunda (716.88 Mg C ha-1) being the top contributors. Specifically, the equation of Chave et al. (2005) without tree height yielded the highest biomass and carbon stock estimates than other equations. The present study underscores the vital role of trees on the campus as potent carbon reservoirs meet to maintain an aesthetic sense for biotic components and alleviate rising levels of CO2 in the atmospheric environment. By emphasising the role of urban trees as potent carbon reservoirs, the study underscores the importance of integrating green infrastructure into urban planning strategies. Furthermore, it offers valuable guidance for urban planners. It suggests that strategic tree planting and maintenance can enhance green spaces, regulate temperatures and ultimately support regional and global climate change mitigation goals. Incorporating these findings into urban planning processes can aid policymakers in developing resilient, ecologically sustainable cities worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheenu Sharma
- Soil Ecosystem and Restoration Ecology Lab, Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Soil Ecosystem and Restoration Ecology Lab, Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Pardeep Kumar
- Soil Ecosystem and Restoration Ecology Lab, Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Anand Narain Singh
- Soil Ecosystem and Restoration Ecology Lab, Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Pati PK, Kaushik P, Khan ML, Khare PK. Effect of habitat specific wood specific gravity on biomass and carbon stock of trees in tropical dry deciduous forest of central India. Trop Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42965-022-00279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Brilli L, Carotenuto F, Chiesi M, Fiorillo E, Genesio L, Magno R, Morabito M, Nardino M, Zaldei A, Gioli B. An integrated approach to estimate how much urban afforestation can contribute to move towards carbon neutrality. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156843. [PMID: 35750179 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Urban afforestation is considered a promising nature-climate solution that may contribute to achieve climate neutrality by 2050, since it can increase C-storage and C-sequestration, whilst providing further multiple ecosystem services for citizens. However, the quantification of the CO2 sequestration capacity that may be provided by an urban forest as well as the capacity to impact the city-level C-balance and offset anthropogenic emissions is a complex issue. Methodological approaches, quantity and quality of information contained in urban tree database, and the level of detail of the planned urban forest can strongly influence the estimation of C-sequestration potential offered by urban forests. In this work, an integrated framework based on emission inventory, tree species/morphology and ecosystem modelling has been proposed for the city of Prato, Italy, a representative medium size European city to: i) evaluate the current C-sequestration capacity of urban trees; ii) upscale such capacity with different afforestation scenarios, iii) compare the sink capacity offered by ecosystems with current and projected anthropogenic emissions. Results indicated that the green areas within the Municipality of Prato can sequester 33.1 ktCO2 yr-1 under actual conditions and 51.0 ktCO2 yr-1 under the afforestation scenario which maximize the CO2 sequestration capacity, offsetting the 7.1 % and 11 % of the total emissions (465.8 ktCO2 yr-1), respectively. This study proves that, in the various afforestation scenarios tested, the contribution of urban afforestation to the municipality carbon balance is negligible and that carbon neutrality can only be reached by the substantial decarbonization of emission sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Brilli
- CNR-IBE, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Bioeconomy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50145 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - F Carotenuto
- CNR-IBE, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Bioeconomy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50145 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - M Chiesi
- CNR-IBE, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Bioeconomy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50145 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - E Fiorillo
- CNR-IBE, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Bioeconomy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50145 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - L Genesio
- CNR-IBE, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Bioeconomy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50145 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - R Magno
- CNR-IBE, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Bioeconomy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50145 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - M Morabito
- CNR-IBE, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Bioeconomy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50145 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - M Nardino
- CNR-IBE, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Bioeconomy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50145 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - A Zaldei
- CNR-IBE, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Bioeconomy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50145 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B Gioli
- CNR-IBE, National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Bioeconomy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50145 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Zhao X, Li F, Yan Y, Zhang Q. Biodiversity in Urban Green Space: A Bibliometric Review on the Current Research Field and Its Prospects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12544. [PMID: 36231864 PMCID: PMC9566254 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the development process of urban green space and biodiversity conservation strategies in urban green space is vital for sustainable urban development. However, a systematic review of the urban green space biodiversity research is still lacking. We have retrieved 3806 articles in WOS core journals and carried out the bibliometrics analysis through the three related search terms: urban, green space, and biodiversity. We found that: (1) the year 2009 was a changing point, and the number of articles have increased exponentially since 2009. The United States, China, Europe, and Australia are closely linked, and four research centers have formed; (2) all studies can be classified into three research themes: "Pattern of Urban Green Biodiversity", "Ecological Function of Urban Green Biodiversity", and "Sustainability of Urban Green Biodiversity"; (3) based on the evolution of keywords, this field is divided into the budding stage (1998-2012) and the development stage (2012-2021). The keywords in the budding stage focus on the diversity of different species, and the keywords in the development stage focus on the ecosystem services, biodiversity protection, and residents' satisfaction; (4) the future research focus may be in three aspects: studies on green space in the less urbanized area and urban-rural ecotone, the regulation mechanism and cultural services of urban green space, and the rational layout and management of urban green space. This study hopes to provide a reference for future research on urban green space biodiversity and promote the sustainable development of urban green space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuancheng Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Fengshi Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yongzhi Yan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassland Ecological Security, Hohhot 010021, China
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Chopra B, Khuman YSC, Dhyani S. Advances in Ecosystem Services Valuation Studies in India: Learnings from a Systematic Review. ANTHROPOCENE SCIENCE 2022. [PMCID: PMC9406246 DOI: 10.1007/s44177-022-00034-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ecosystem services (ES) concept has gained global momentum as they hold immense importance for human well-being. On the other hand, direct and indirect drivers of biodiversity loss have led to deterioration of ecosystem health and their capacity to deliver ecosystem services. Worldwide, ES assessments have been increasingly used by administrators to formulate sustainable and environment centric policies. Similarly, there has been continuous expansion of ES related work in India to capture the material and non-material benefits derived from diverse ecosystems in the country. In the current paper, 105 research articles/reports have been reviewed to assess the growing trajectory of ES research and also to map their methodological approaches. The lacunae in the studies and literature have been critically examined. Analysis of the study shows that ES derived from forests have been captured widely while marine ecosystems have not received appropriate scholarly attention. Similarly, dearth of studies focusing on long- and short-term implications of climate change and other environmental challenges on the ES delivery was also evident. A strong need is felt to integrate interdisciplinary approaches for holistic ES assessment. Also, future ES assessments must assimilate traditional as well as indigenous knowledge systems within ES assessment framework to ensure formulation of tangible, sustainable policies.
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Warguła Ł, Lijewski P, Kukla M. Influence of non-commercial fuel supply systems on small engine SI exhaust emissions in relation to European approval regulations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:55928-55943. [PMID: 35325380 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19687-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development and operation of road infrastructure require machines and equipment driven by low-powered internal combustion engines. In this study, we conducted emission tests on five small spark-ignition engines. We used the most popular commercial design on the market, the Lifan GX 390, with a carburettor power system, and another commercial power unit, the Honda iGX 390, with an innovative power system characterised by an electronically controlled carburettor flap. The remaining three tested constructions were proprietary solutions modernising the design of the Lifan GX 390 engine: one had an electronic injection and ignition system powered by gasoline, whereas the other two had systems powered by alternative fuels. Emission tests were conducted under identical operating conditions on an engine dynamometer complying with European Union guidelines (Regulation 2016/1628/EU). The results of the tests showed that the innovative solutions in most cases reduced CO, CO2 and hydrocarbon emissions but increased NOx compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Warguła
- Institute of Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Piotr Lijewski
- Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Drives, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kukla
- Institute of Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
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Yang H, Chen W. Spatio-temporal pattern of urban vegetation carbon sink and driving mechanisms of human activities in Huaibei, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:31957-31971. [PMID: 35013973 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon neutrality is a strategic choice for the sustainable development of global cities. Quantitatively assessing the spatio-temporal patterns of urban vegetation carbon sink and the impact of human activities has become an essential basis for adjusting urban carbon balance. We used Huaibei, a typical city with vigorous human coal resource mining activities, as the case study area. We regarded the net ecosystem productivity (NEP) as an indicator parameter of vegetation carbon sink and calculated it based on the improved Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach (CASA). We then revealed the spatial-temporal evolution of vegetation carbon sink through trend analysis, coefficient of variation, and standard direction. Finally, we used geographic detectors to evaluate the impact of human activities on NEP. We found that net primary productivity (NPP) accuracy was good, and the R2 value was 0.755 compared with MODIS NPP products. NEP was characterized by the first decrease and then increase, showing a slow increase overall, with an average trend coefficient of 0.15 gC·m-2·a-1. The average value in 2010 was the lowest at 18.30 gC·m-2·a-1. In terms of spatial characteristics, NEP showed a gradual decrease from north to south. High and severe fluctuations were distributed along the southeast, mainly concentrated in Duji District, Xiangshan District, and Lieshan District. The driving factors with reliable explanatory power for NEP were population density, GDP, and road density, while land use type, soil erosion intensity, and mining and collapse area had weak explanatory power. Meanwhile, factors of cooperative interaction enhanced the explanatory power of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Yang
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Geography and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China.
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Optimization of Ecosystem Services of Shanghai Urban–Suburban Street Trees Based on Low-Carbon Targets. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132313251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Road traffic carbon emissions are an important cause of global warming, and street trees play an important role in regulating road carbon emissions. During urbanization, major differences in the planting management modes and growth status of the street trees in urban–suburban gradient may exist, leading to significant differences in the low-carbon values of the street trees in urban–suburban gradient. Based on this, this study took two typical urban–suburban gradient zones in Shanghai as an example to analyze the changes in the characteristics of street tree species, planting density, tree sizes, and low-carbon contribution with urban and rural changes, and proposed strategies for optimizing the low-carbon contribution of urban street trees. The results showed that, from the inner ring to the outer ring and the suburban ring, the proportion of London plane tree gradually changed from 82% to 11%, and the proportion of the camphor tree gradually changed from 9% to 70%; the average DBH of the trees gradually decreased from 28.81 to 23.74 cm. The number of plantings per unit road length gradually increased, and the number of plantings per unit area gradually decreased; therefore, the average low-carbon contribution of urban–suburban street trees is not significant, but the low-carbon contribution of upper street trees per unit area is higher, and suburban unit street trees have a higher low-carbon contribution. Finally, this article proposes different optimization strategies for future urban micro-renewal and suburban new-city construction.
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Editorial for Special Issue “Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) in Cities and Their Interactions with Urban Land, Ecosystems, Built Environments and People: Debating Societal Implications”. LAND 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/land10090937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Today’s cities increasingly serve as the nexus between nature and people in times of strong urban growth and, in some cases, urban decline [...]
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Dangulla M, Abd Manaf L, Ramli MF, Yacob MR, Namadi S. Exploring urban tree diversity and carbon stocks in Zaria Metropolis, North Western Nigeria. APPLIED GEOGRAPHY 2021; 127:102385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2021.102385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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