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Ostovar A, Larimi A, Jiang Z, Lotfi M, Ghotbi C, Khorasheh F. Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic oxidative desulfurization of model fuel over Pt-decorated carbon-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:18188-18199. [PMID: 36952170 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26597-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Modification of photocatalysts to improve their adsorption and photocatalytic activity in the oxidative desulfurization of liquid fuels has been reported by many investigators. In this study, Pt-decorated carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal and photo-deposition techniques and were subsequently used in photocatalytic oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) in n-heptane as a simulated liquid fuel with methanol as the extracting solvent. Carbon-doped TiO2 was first synthesized by a simple self-doping method. Pt was then loaded by a photo-deposition technique. The synthesized photocatalysts (labeled as YPt-CT where Y is percent Pt loading) were characterized by of X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), N2-physisorption, UV-Vis diffusive reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), and nitrogen sorption measurements. The removal efficiency of DBT was 98% in the presence of 2 g/l of 0.5Pt-CT catalyst under visible-light irradiation (λ > 400 nm), ambient pressure, and reaction temperature of 40°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Ostovar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsanehsadat Larimi
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Niroo Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zhi Jiang
- Research Center for Combustion and Environmental Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Marzieh Lotfi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran
| | - Cyrus Ghotbi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Khorasheh
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Eddy DR, Permana MD, Sakti LK, Sheha GAN, Solihudin, Hidayat S, Takei T, Kumada N, Rahayu I. Heterophase Polymorph of TiO 2 (Anatase, Rutile, Brookite, TiO 2 (B)) for Efficient Photocatalyst: Fabrication and Activity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:704. [PMID: 36839072 PMCID: PMC9965282 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 exists naturally in three crystalline forms: Anatase, rutile, brookite, and TiO2 (B). These polymorphs exhibit different properties and consequently different photocatalytic performances. This paper aims to clarify the differences between titanium dioxide polymorphs, and the differences in homophase, biphase, and triphase properties in various photocatalytic applications. However, homophase TiO2 has various disadvantages such as high recombination rates and low adsorption capacity. Meanwhile, TiO2 heterophase can effectively stimulate electron transfer from one phase to another causing superior photocatalytic performance. Various studies have reported the biphase of polymorph TiO2 such as anatase/rutile, anatase/brookite, rutile/brookite, and anatase/TiO2 (B). In addition, this paper also presents the triphase of the TiO2 polymorph. This review is mainly focused on information regarding the heterophase of the TiO2 polymorph, fabrication of heterophase synthesis, and its application as a photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Muhamad Diki Permana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
- Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering, and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
- Center for Crystal Science and Technology, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Lintang Kumoro Sakti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Geometry Amal Nur Sheha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Solihudin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Sahrul Hidayat
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Takahiro Takei
- Center for Crystal Science and Technology, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kumada
- Center for Crystal Science and Technology, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Japan
| | - Iman Rahayu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
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Eshaq G, M A, Khan MA, Alothman ZA, Sillanpää M. A novel Sm doped Cr 2O 3 sesquioxide-decorated MWCNTs heterostructured Fenton-like with sonophotocatalytic activities under visible light irradiation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 426:127812. [PMID: 34844808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Novel Sm doped Cr2O3 decorated MWCNTs nanocomposite photocatalyst was successfully prepared by a facile hydrothermal method for metoprolol (MET) degradation. A heterogeneous photo -Fenton like system was formed with the addition of H2O2 for ultrasonic irradiation (US), visible light irradiation (Vis) and dual irradiation (US/Vis) systems. The intrinsic characteristics of Sm doped Cr2O3 decorated MWCNTs nanocomposite was comprehensively performed using state-of-art characterization tools. Optical studies confirmed that Sm doping shifted the absorbance of Cr2O3 towards the visible-light region, further enhanced by MWCNTs incorporation. In this study, degradation of metoprolol (MET) was investigated in the presence of Cr2O3 nanoparticles, Sm doped Cr2O3 and Sm doped Cr2O3 decorated MWCNTs nanocomposites using sonocatalysis and photocatalysis and simultaneously. Several different experimental parameters, including irradiation time, H2O2 concentration, catalyst amount, initial concentration, and pH value, were optimized. The remarkably enhanced sonophotocatalytic activity of Sm doped Cr2O3 decorated MWCNTs could be attributed to the more formation of reactive radicals and the excellent electronical property of Sm doping and MWCNTs. The rate constant of degradation using sonophotocatalytic system was even higher than the sum of rates of individual systems due to its synergistic performance based on the kinetic data. A plausible mechanism for the degradation of MET over Sm-Cr2O3/MWCNTs is also demonstrated by using active species scavenger studies and EPR spectroscopy. Our findings imply that (•OH), (h+) and (•O2-) were the reactive species responsible for the degradation of MET based on the special three-way Fenton-like mechanism and the dissociation of H2O2. The durability and stability of the nanocomposite were also performed, and the obtained results revealed that the catalysts can endure the harsh sonophotocatalytic conditions even after fifth cycles. Mineralization experiments using the optimized parameters were evaluated as well. The kinetics and the reaction mechanism with the possible reasons for the synergistic effect were presented. Identification of degraded intermediates also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gh Eshaq
- Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland; Petrochemicals department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt
| | - Amer M
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart Centre Siegburg-Wuppertal, University Witten, Herdecke, Germany
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid A Alothman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied Physics, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; School of Chemistry, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India; Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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El Mragui A, Zegaoui O, Esteves da Silva JCG. Elucidation of the photocatalytic degradation mechanism of an azo dye under visible light in the presence of cobalt doped TiO 2 nanomaterials. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128931. [PMID: 33243579 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Co-TiO2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using sol-gel and precipitation methods. The effect of Co amount on the physicochemical properties of these nanomaterials was investigated using various techniques. The obtained results showed that the structural and optical properties of the synthesized Co-TiO2 nanomaterials depended closely on the weight percent of Co added to TiO2. It was found that, for 1%Co-TiO2, a substitution of Ti4+ and Co2+/Co3+ within the lattice of TiO2 was happened. The results of the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) experiments carried out in the presence of the as prepared nanomaterials showed that under visible light, the sample 1%Co-TiO2 exhibited the best MO conversion. The enhanced photocatalytic activity has been attributed to the efficient charge separation of electrons and holes. The mechanistic studies revealed that O2-, h+ and OH are the major active species, and a possible mechanism degradation pathway of MO dye is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim El Mragui
- Research Team "Materials and Applied Catalysis: MCA", CBAE Laboratory, Moulay Ismail University, Faculty of Sciences, BP.11201 Zitoune, Meknès, Morocco
| | - Omar Zegaoui
- Research Team "Materials and Applied Catalysis: MCA", CBAE Laboratory, Moulay Ismail University, Faculty of Sciences, BP.11201 Zitoune, Meknès, Morocco.
| | - Joaquim C G Esteves da Silva
- CIQ(UP) - Research Center in Chemistry, DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
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Sompalli NK, Mohanty A, Mohan AM, Deivasigamani P. Visible-light harvesting innovative W 6+/Yb 3+/TiO 2 materials as a green methodology photocatalyst for the photodegradation of pharmaceutical pollutants. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:401-420. [PMID: 33721273 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report on the synthesis of a new-age reusable visible-light photocatalyst using a heterojunction nanocomposite of W6+/Yb3+ on a mixed-phase mesoporous network of monolithic TiO2. The structural properties of the monolithic photocatalysts are characterized using p-XRD, SEM-EDAX, TEM-SAED, XPS, PLS, UV-Vis-DRS, FT-IR, micro-Raman, TG-DTA, and N2 isotherm analysis. The electron microscopic analysis reveals a mesoporous network of ordered worm-like monolithic design, with a polycrystalline mixed-phase (anatase/rutile) TiO2 composite, as indicated by diffraction studies. The UV-Vis-DRS analysis reveals a redshift in the light absorption characteristics of the mixed-phase TiO2 monolith as a function of W6+/Yb3+ co-doping. It is observed that the use of (8.0 mol%)W6+/0.4 (mole%)Yb3+ co-doped monolithic TiO2 photocatalyst, with an energy bandgap of 2.77 eV demonstrates superior visible-light photocatalysis, which corroborates with the PLS studies in terms of voluminous e-/h+ pair formation. The practical application of the photocatalyst has been investigated through a time-dependent dissipation of enrofloxacin, a widely employed antimicrobial drug, and its degradation pathway has been monitored by LC-MS-ESI and TOC analysis. The impact of physio-chemical parameters such as solution pH, sensitizers, drug concentration, dopant/codopant stoichiometry, catalyst quantity, and light intensity has been comprehensively studied to monitor the process efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar Sompalli
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Ankita Mohanty
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Akhila Maheswari Mohan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Prabhakaran Deivasigamani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Facile Synthesis of "Boron-Doped" Carbon Dots and Their Application in Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10081560. [PMID: 32784435 PMCID: PMC7466398 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (C-dots) were facilely fabricated via a hydrothermal method and fully characterized. Our study shows that the as-synthesized C-dots are nontoxic, negatively charged spherical particles (average diameter 4.7 nm) with excellent water dispersion ability. Furthermore, the C-dots have a rich presence of surface functionalities such as hydroxyls and carboxyls as well as amines. The significance of the C-dots as highly efficient photocatalysts for rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) degradation was explored. The C-dots demonstrate excellent photocatalytic activity, achieving 100% of RhB and MB degradation within 170 min. The degradation rate constants for RhB and MB were 1.8 × 10−2 and 2.4 × 10−2 min−1, respectively. The photocatalytic degradation performances of the C-dots are comparable to those metal-based photocatalysts and generally better than previously reported C-dots photocatalysts. Collectively considering the excellent photocatalytic activity toward organic dye degradation, as well as the fact that they are facilely synthesized with no need of further doping, compositing, and tedious purification and separation, the C-dots fabricated in this work are demonstrated to be a promising alternative for pollutant degradation and environment protection.
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Arévalo-Pérez JC, Cruz-Romero DDL, Cordero-García A, Lobato-García CE, Aguilar-Elguezabal A, Torres-Torres JG. Photodegradation of 17 α-methyltestosterone using TiO 2 -Gd 3+ and TiO 2-Sm 3+ photocatalysts and simulated solar radiation as an activation source. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 249:126497. [PMID: 32273124 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
According to the search in the state of the art, no antecedents were found in which photocatalytic degradation of 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) hormone has been carried out using doped-TiO2. Nor have the transformation products formed during the heterogeneous photocatalysis (FH) been identified. Therefore, in this study we analyzed the photocatalytic degradation of the MT in aqueous solution, using doped TiO2 with Sm3+ or Gd3+ at 0.3 and 0.5 %wt. Thermal treatment temperature (500 °C and 800 °C) and MT (20 mgL-1) mineralization were also studied. All photocatalysts were synthesized using the sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Specific Surface Area (BET), Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (UV-vis), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope/Energy-Dispersive X-ray analysis (HRTEM/EDS) and, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence (PL). MT mineralization was followed by a total organic carbon analyzer (TOC). The route of the photocatalytic mineralization of the hormone was obtained from the analysis of intermediate compounds determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS). The results showed that TM and its transformation products were not degraded by photolysis. However, the degree of mineralization of the hormone was greater when the photocatalytic process was used. The photocatalytic efficiency was related to the dopant concentration, dopant type and thermal treatment. Therefore, Sm (0.3%)/TiO2 calcined at 500 °C showed the best performance for photocatalytic mineralization of MT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Arévalo-Pérez
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Km.1 carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, C.P. 86690, Cunduacán, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Durvel de la Cruz-Romero
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Km.1 carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, C.P. 86690, Cunduacán, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Adrián Cordero-García
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Km.1 carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, C.P. 86690, Cunduacán, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Carlos E Lobato-García
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Km.1 carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, C.P. 86690, Cunduacán, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Aguilar-Elguezabal
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, CIMAV. Av. Miguel de Cervantes 120. Complejo Industrial, Chihuahua, C.P. 31109, Mexico
| | - José Gilberto Torres-Torres
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco (CICTAT), DACB, Laboratorio de Nanomateriales Catalíticos Aplicados al Desarrollo de Fuentes de Energía y Remediación Ambiental, Km.1 carretera Cunduacán-Jalpa de Méndez, C.P. 86690, Cunduacán, Tabasco, Mexico.
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He J, Du YE, Bai Y, An J, Cai X, Chen Y, Wang P, Yang X, Feng Q. Facile Formation of Anatase/Rutile TiO 2 Nanocomposites with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162996. [PMID: 31430852 PMCID: PMC6719911 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anatase/rutile mixed-phase TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized through a simple sol-gel route with further calcination using inexpensive titanium tetrachloride as a titanium source, which effectively reduces the production cost. The structural and optical properties of the prepared materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-vis adsorption. The specific surface area was also analyzed by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The anatase/rutile mixed-phase TiO2 nanocomposites containing of rod-like, cuboid, and some irregularly shaped anatase nanoparticles (exposed {101} facets) with sizes ranging from tens to more than 100 nanometers, and rod-like rutile nanoparticles (exposed {110} facets) with sizes ranging from tens to more than 100 nanometers. The photocatalytic activities of the obtained anatase/rutile mixed-phase TiO2 nanoparticles were investigated and compared by evaluating the degradation of hazardous dye methylene blue (MB) under ultraviolet light illumination. Compared to the commercial Degussa P25-TiO2, the mixed-phase TiO2 nanocomposites show better photocatalytic activity, which can be attributed to the optimal anatase to rutile ratio and the specific exposed crystal surface on the surface. The anatase/rutile TiO2 nanocomposites obtained at pH 1.0 (pH1.0-TiO2) show the best photocatalytic activity, which can be attributed to the optimal heterojunction structure, the smaller average particle size, and the presence of a specific exposed crystal surface. The enhanced photocatalytic activity makes the prepared anatase/rutile TiO2 photocatalysts a potential candidate in the removal of the organic dyes from colored wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Yi-En Du
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China.
| | - Yang Bai
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Jing An
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Xuemei Cai
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China.
| | - Pengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kagawa University, 2217-20 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu-shi 761-0396, Japan
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Gao H, Liu J, Zhang J, Zhu Z, Zhang G, Liu Q. Influence of carbon and yttrium co-doping on the photocatalytic activity of mixed phase TiO 2. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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